Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	air_n	element_n	fire_n	13,062	5	7.1789	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05049	A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.; Chirurgia parva. English	Lanfranco, of Milan, 13th cent.; Hall, John, b. 1529 or 30.	1565 (1565)	STC 15192; ESTC S109324	283,008	454

or turnynge ioynte of the necke is called in latine Ceruix and the foreparte of the necke whych reacheth from the face to the beginnyng of the breast or canell bones is called Collum the throte is called Gula the shoulders are called Humeri the vpper parte of the shoulder is lugulum and the shoulder blades Scapulae The vpper parte of the arme continuinge the lengthe of the adiutorye bone from the shoulder to the elbow is called Brachlum the boughte of the arme Gibber the elbowe Cubitus ▪ The part betwene the elbow the wrest which we call in English the cubite is called in latine Vlna the wrest Carpus the hands Martus the palme of the hand Palma the thumbe is called in latine Pollex the forefinger Index the middle finger Medius the ring fynger whych is also called the wedding finger is called Medicus the litle finger or ear fīger is called ●uricularis The arme holes are called in latine Axillae the breast Pectus the sides Latera the pappes or dugges Māmae the nepples or tetes Papillae the back Dorsum the nether parts wher of next vnto the hippes are called in latine Lumbi in greke Lagone in Englishe the loynes The bellye is called Venter the nether parte thereof Imus Venter the nauell Vmbilicus and the side betwene the bellye and the back vnder the ribbes is called Hypochondria which we may call in Englishe the waste The grinde or share is called Pubes betwene the whyche are sette the priuye members vnder the bothome of the bely whiche some call the genitales wherof that part which we call the yarde is called in latine Virga ▪ or Caulis the fleshye head wherof is called Glans and the skin couerynge the same Praeputium the coddes or balock purs Scrotum and the stones Testiculi The buttockes are called Nates the fundament Anus the hippes Coxendices the thighe Femur the knee Genu the hammes Poplites the shinnes Tibiae and the caulfe of the legge Sura Then folowe the feete whyche are set vnder the legges as the handes are vnder the armes and they are called in latine Pedes the sides wherof which we call in English ancles are called in latine Malleoli and the hinder part whych we cal the hele is named Calx or Calcaneus The holow of the foote is called Planta the treading place is named Vestigiū then procede there forth the toes as in the handes there do fingers which bothe are called in latine Digiti the toes being called Digiti Pedis And as wel on the toes as on the fingers are nailes growing which are called in latin Vngues Thus to the honor and glory of God that so wonderfully hath wroughte in natnre I haue shewed suche thinges as in the bodye of man is to be considered in order of Anatomye as farre as my simple knowledge was then able to collecte partly as I haue obserued by experience and partly as I could gather of good authores euen suche auncient wryters as in this worke I haue by occasion aleaged and also some newe wryters of Anatomy of oure time as Vesalius Carolus Stephanus c. as wel of the inwarde as of the outwarde partes that yong studentes maye haue therof some profite as I my self haue learned and profited in gathering of the same Desiering all those to whōe any thing herein wrytten shall seme vnperfect grosse or vntrue that of their gentlenesse they wil bestowe their laboure and sette forthe the frutes of their good and laudable studies in amendyng that to them shal seme amysse euen as I haue bene to shew my good wil in doing of this briefe and symple thyng and wil also be most glad at their handes to receaue wyth condinge thankes and laud suche learning as may amend my fault or redresse mine error that the truthe maye also in these thinges be published to the contentation of all gētle wel willing mindes wherat some mighte seme astoned through the variety of opinion in wryters whych neuerthelesse shot al at one marke for the most part and vtter their sētences the seme so variable to one end purpose if they be in differentlye wayed and vnderstande though yet euery one sawe not all no not the moste autentike That is to saye that by the knowledge of the situation of all members in the bodye there maye be a safe and cunning workynge in Chirurgery vpon the bodye of man to auoyde error and offence For the whyche cause I haue in thys worke rather vsed that order then to be precise in numbers or curiouse in names The Conclusyon of the whole worke NOw to conclude this general and third treatise and so of thys whole worke confessynge mine imbesility and want of perfection thus muche I saye that the bodye of man wherof we haue brieflye treated is as all other creatures are made and compacte of the foure Elementes That is to saye Fyre Aire Water and Earthe As their verye properties maye be perceiued in the foure humores in manne namelye bloude Phlegme Choler and melancholye For the whyche cause the sayde .iiii. humores are called of the learned sort the sonnes of elementes For as the fire is hot and drye so is choler and as the ayre is hotte and moyste so is bloude as the water is colde and moyste so is Phlegme and as the earthe is colde and drye so is melancholye And of those foure humores are the foure complexions named as Sanguine Cholericke Phlegmatike and Melancholike Yet not wythstanding we call no man so because he is made of one onlye elemente or that he is indued wyth one onlye humore But contrarye as I sayde before euerye person is made of foure elementes and hathe in hym foure humores but not euerye man in a lyke temperature And that is the cause that one man is named of one humore and an other of an other As when bloude excedeth or surmounteth in anye bodye the rest of the humores that person is called a Sanguine man not because he is all of bloude but because bloude beareth in the bodye moste domination And so likewyse it is to be vnderstand of all the other three to be called of choler cholerike of Phlegme Phlegmatike of Melancholye Melancholike And also I vnderstande that in the complexions is a deuision of nyne temperamentes of the whyche fyrste there be .iiii. symple That is to saye hotte colde drye and moyste whereof there are two actiues that is to say workers and the other two bene passiues that is to saye sufferers And brieflye to saye hotnesse and coldnesse be actiues drinesse and moystnesse be passiues And by the combination or bindinge together of two of the aforesayde foure the one alwayes beinge actiue the other passiue are the other foure made that is to saye the compounde complexions as hot and moyste colde and moyste hotte and drye colde and dry The ninthe whyche differeth from all these is the verye true temperamente

the Grekes name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 heateth either sōwhat beyōd that secōd degre or within the third drieth either in the ende of the first degre or in the beginninge of the second And therfore being boiled in Oyle it deuideth asswageth paine causeth sleape digesteth raw humores Antimonium CAlled also Stibium and Sti●●i is a veyne of earth foūd in siluer mines like in colour vnto leade but it differeth from leade whiche wil melt not be pouldered Antimoniū wil be pouldered but rather wil it burn thē melt otherwise thē by a certein art then not easily as lead wil. It hath saith Galen with his desiccatiue facultye beinge vnwashed a mighty adstriction which by washing is made wel nere vtterly wythout biting it is necessarily vsed with medicines for the eies for his vertues therin obteined to he called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because it openeth the eyes Anthrax ALthough many haue ignorātly deuided Anthracē from Carbunculo as though they were sondry and seueral tumores it is moste euident that it is one thinge that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is the same in greke wherof Carbunculus is that name in Latyne ▪ and signifyeth a burnyng cole whyche thys tumore dothe verye muche resemble in the augmentation bothe in colour and nature hauing also in the declination a blacke crustons eschare made by adu●●ion representinge a quenched cole whiche euidentlye sheweth howe excessyue heat ioyned for the moste part wyth venemous matter is cause of this tumore Yet is it notwythstandynge deuided into kyndes wherof the greatest and most dangerous sort appeareth commonlye in the time of Pestilente infection and consysteth as saythe Galen of melancholye aduste The other sort beinge not so fearfulle and comminge at other tymes is made of whotte boylinge or burned bloude ▪ whiche semeth to be made or turned into Melancholy or as he sayth in an other place of whotte bloude turned by adustion into the nature of Melancholye And surelye thus is Lanfrancus and other wryters of his time to be vnderstanded when they speake of Anthrax or Carbunculus for so shall they in the reste agree wyth Galen and other aunciente wryters Apium Palustre Risus Haemorrhoidum APium is of diuers kindes But where Apium is founde in Receptes or otherwyse wythoute anye other addition in the name it is onlye mente of Persly thoughe Smalache haue abusiuelye bene vsed for it And for the better vnderstāding of Apium hys kindes take this note 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium Hortense Persley or gardin persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium Syluestre Wylde Persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium Mōtanum uel Montapium Mountaine Perslye 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium Palustre Paludapium Siue Apium Rusticum Smalache Marche or Marshe Persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium Aquaticū Water Persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apiū Saxatile uel Saxeū Saxapiū aut Petrapium Stone Persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium equinum Equapium siue Olus atrum Alexanders or greate Persley 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apium sepis uel Apium sepiculare Hedge Persley And whersoeuer thou fyndest anye kinde of Apium disagreinge whether in sense or Interpretatiō to this order holde it for false As for Apium Haemorrhoidum and Apium Risus It is but an abuse and confusion to recken them emonge the kindes of Apium amonge whome either in forme or faculties they can haue no place But are kyndes of Ranunculus called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in English Crowfote and Frogmarche wherof also ther are very manye kindes and all of whotte and blistering property wherof loke more in Fl●nula Apium saythe Galen is so whotte Vt Vrinam menses c●eat It breaketh wynde but that dothe the sede more then the herbe and is to the mouthe of the stomacke moste acceptable The seade of Oreoselinum and Hipposelinum are of lyke vertues but Oreoselinum is the stronger hitherto Galen Apium is whotte in the seconde degre and dry in the middes of the thirde Apostema AS 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hoc est Spatium siue interuallum whyche signifyeth distance or space is the same whyche the Latines caule Abscessum of Abscedo And Galen calleth it Particularum diductionem and are certayne dispositions wherin suche bodyes as before touched together are nowe distante and seuered one from an other Wherof saythe Galen there must nedes be made a void space contening some substance eyther flatuous or moyste or compound of bothe Whiche if it hange or tarye longe therin receiueth diuers alterations Wherof the greater is vsuallye called Apostema and the lesse Pustula So is for Exitura in Lāfranke and others of that age and also of a Auicenna to be vnderstāded Tumor suppuratus that is a suppurate aposteme or riped tumore But of these I nede here make the lesse declaration for so muche as master Gale hathe so worthilye and moste exquisitly in his Institution of a Chirurgien opened these thinges at large Where thou maist bothe in thys many other maters be right sufficiently satisfied Aqua WAter is of temperament cold contrarye to fier and of all other thinges saithe Galen the moistest and that as it is vtterly without qualities as wythoute taste without sauor and moste cleare so is it moste pure And as it bēdeth from this so receiueth it qualities to heat or coole according to the thinges therwith mixed Aristolochia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is of .iii. kindes as Dioscorides saith obteineth that name of the precious helpe that women receiue therby in their hard labours of children which doctor Turner hathe therfore moste aptly called in English Birthworte The first is called Aristolochia rotunda The second Aristolochia longa The thirde Clematitis bisyde these Plinius addeth a fourthe kinde called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Apothecaries haue of longe time erred in sellinge Holoworte for Aristolochia rotunda but some of late haue in the selues reformed this euel doe sel the true thing But surely many women midwiues do erre muche more greuously in my iudgment who plāt in their gardens vse in womens laboures Bistorta in the stead of Aristolochia calling it Astrologia whyche is of a coolynge and verye astringente nature therfore causeth rather retention thē expulsion I aduertise all good women therfore that are willynge to helpe them selues and others to seke for the true thynge whiche they maye be sure to obteine by the aduise of some learned Phisicien or experte Chirurgien at the trusty Apothecaries hand It groweth plentiouslye in Italye and Aristolochia longa or at the leasre Clematitis groweth nowe in diuerse gardens in Englande as in London in a garden of master Holande late Chirurgien to the Quenes highnesse of whome I had rotes whiche growe nowe in my gardē at Maidstone Of Aristolochia and

woundes Which to doe the wylde peares called Pyra syluestria in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because they are moste adstringente are moste mete Quartana febris THe quartane feuer is either interpolate and named Quartana intermittens uel exquisita or continuall therof called Onartana continens or continua The first is ingendred of a melancholike humore putrefied or a splenatyke affecte whose rigor is in the begynning not vehement but lyke the colde that men commonly fele in moste vehement frostes Whiche yet in processe of tyme augmenteth euen to the state with colde so vehement as if the bones would breake but not pungitiue as in the tertian The pulse is slowe and rare The augmentation vigor and mouyng of of heate are contrary to the tertian The humore kyndleth slowly lyke to a stone or other lyke colde and drye thynge whiche is the cause of so muche longer intermission therin then in the Quotidiane Quartana continua whiche is rarly sene is ingendred of melancholy putrefied in the vesselles euen as is Qnotidiana continens or continua caused of phlegme in like maner putrefied wherin they both differ from the lyke named intermittent feuers and in that they are neuer without a feuerous habite vntyl they cease for all though yet they haue some remission betwene euery fitte and therin differ they from the feuers Synochis wherin there is no remission but continuall burnyng Quotidiana febris Quotidiana uera siue exquisita is described in the title Amphemerina febre and Quotidiana continua immediatly aboue at Quartana Rapa RApa or Rapum is of the round forme that the roote ●iath called of the Grekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●uasi bolus rotundus in Englishe a Rape or Turnep and is of temperament whotte in the seconde degree and moyste in the firste and therfore may Lanfranke well place it with his maturatiues The roote of the same sodde doth nuryshe but is harde to cōcocte and ingendreth wynde and sede troubleth the stomache somtyme byteth the same and the more if it be rawe The decoction therof is somtime applyed to the goute The roote rosted vnder ashes cum cerato rosacco is good for vlcerated kybes The tender stalkes eaten doe moue drine The seade is put amonge anodyne medicines and is drunke as a helthfull medicine against venim Condite in brine they nurishe the lesse but increase apetite the more Realgar A Most vehement corrosiue medicine and is made as is sayde In opere pandactarum ex sulphure Calce uiua auripigmento whiche mortifieth fistules corrodeth deplie And is also called Soricoria because it killeth rattes as it doth also the wormes of horses But Brasauolus in examine suo symplicium sayeth that they are deceiued that thinke the true Risagallum for so is it more fitly named a thing artificiall for it is founde sayeth he in the same myne with Auripigmento and is of the same kynde beyng in dede a medicine hurtfull and venemous Regeneratiuae medicinae REgeneratiue medicines are of nature lyke to intarnatiues as in restoring or renewing of flesh bone c. and commeth of Regigno to regender or brede againe Repercussiua medicamina CAlled also Repellentia are after Galen thinges sharp tarte and adstringent hauyng by the same power to put away or driue backe the fluxions of humores and ryseth of Repercutio or Repello to constreygne or dryue backe Resina REsina whiche the Grecians call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth the oyly teares of trees whiche wyll burne with fyre and easily be commired with oyle and moste hardly with water As Gummi signifieth the watery teares of the same for in the fyre it wyll crackell and wyll in water be easily disolued but not so in oyle Resines doe al heate and drye Wherof Resina terebinthina is of Dioscorides called the beste whiche also Galen approueth begynnyng with Resina lentiscina and geueth to it the firste place saiyng Besyde the litle adstriction that is therin wherby it is so commodious to the weaknes and inflammations of the stomache the liuer and the belly it also dryeth without bytinge for it is verye subtyle without sharpnes Of Terebinthinae resinae he sayeth that it is preferred to the reste hauyng a manifest adstriction but not lyke to mastyke Howe be it it hath adioyned a certeyne bitternes and therfore digesteth more then mastike c. of dyuers other But this worde Resina so written alone is alwayes taken for our common Rosin Resolutiua medicamina MEdicynes resolutyues are called also Discutientia a Discutiendo aut resoluendo That is of discussynge dysoluynge vnlosynge dischargynge or wastynge awaye Restauratio REstauration vnition or reparation is the first and principall intention of the Chirurgien in euery dyuorse of vnitie Rigor 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is that swifte and frequent motion contrary to Palpitationi whose motion is litle softe rare whiche Galen calleth compounde as of a cause against nature and of a facultie animall as of the vertue expulsiue procurynge a sensible coldnes and an vnequall and inuoluntary mouing of the whole body wherin it differeth from Horore whiche is an vniuersal affecte of the skynne only and from Tremore whiche possesseth somme one member and may by the wil be resisted But that rigor that is wonte to come on sicke persons and called Rigor morbosus is by the opinion of Hippocrates a certeyne peynfull coldnes with an vnequall mouinge or shakyng of all the body This may dyuersly chaunce euen to whole bodyes as of heate or of colde or of a viscouse humore to the first coolyng is a remedy to the second heate to the thirde concoction or euacuation or both Somtyme of the heryng or seyng of horryble and fearfull syghtes or noyses phlegme also bredde without a feuer by idlenes ill order of diete and entryng the bathe after dynner to the olde auncientes vnknowne And though it be euident it to come of a natiue heate yet commeth it also dyuersly as well of colde viscous phlegme as of whotte and sharpe humores and sometyme of a iuyce myxed of heate and colde as in quartanes but in mixed compounde feuers the rigor is neuer vehement It to chaunce to a weake body in a cōtinuall feuer is an euyl signe and also when it wyl not at all or hardly be put away Rosa. IS named in greke of the pleasant sauour therof 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quasi bene olens is deuyded into kyndes diuers wherof the auncientes haue lefte no memory The powre of roses consisteth sayeth Galen of a whotte a watery substance together And also of two other qualities as bitternes and byndyng The flowerwhereof is more adstringent then it selfe is and therfore desiccatyue Mesues appoynteth them the faculties of coolyng in the first degree and driynge in the seconde The iuyce of Roses sayeth he whiche is seuered from

veynes and arteries of whyche it purchaseth nurishmente and lyfe The necke of it passeth for the vnder the bone of the share whiche in his goinge forthe vnto the outmoste partes is made small and the waye of vrine that cometh from it is made in the maner of a greate veine and it entereth the substance of the yarde passynge forthe throughe the fleshe in the lower partes of the bladder and parteth in a maner the fleshe of the yarde in the middest and by that parte goeth oute the vrine In the yard there are .ii. holes though both not through persing the same One passing through by the which vrine is cast out and that is fastened wyth the necke of the bladder The other cominge from the stones entereth the aforesaid by the which the sede of man is cast out And this is fastened wyth the vessels of sperme and is called Eiaculatorium Vas wherof also aboue And in the beginning of the yardes holownesse these two are made one And in the necke of a womans blader there is nothyng soughte nor purchased concernyng knowledge for it is very shorte and strayte and the nature of hir is not caste oute in this maner but commeth à fundo Vteri per ceruicem eius nether dothe the vrine passage helpe anye thynge thereto but serueth onlye for the expulsion of vrine wherein yet both great and small stones are often sene In the ende of the .xii. spondils of the rybbes and vnder the firste spondill of the reines are set the reines or kydneis called in Latine Renes in Greeke Nephroi wythin the holownesse of the bodye the righte kydney beinge euer placed hygher then the lefte Whose offyce is to conuerte the aforesayde whayey substance of bloude conueyed into them by the meanes a lyttle before in the .iiii. chapiter mencyoned into perfecte vryne In echo of the whyche kidneis is a certeine fyne straiuynge waye implanted called of Galen Porus Vreticus throughe whyche the whey of bloude sucked in by Vasa Emulgentia from the holowe veine and greate arterye is conueyed oute of the kidneis into the water pipes called in Greeke Vretheres and in Latine Meatus Vrinarii whyche from thence descende passynge crokedlye downe tyll they be ioyned by the nether endes wyth the vtter skyn nyghe the necke of the bladder percynge also immediatlye the inner skyn thereof Wherof it obteyneth a certayne lyttle couerynge like a flappe resembling bothe in forme and function suche as we see in pumpes and sluces whyche by the fallynge course of vrine is driuen open at the entrance therof into the bladder but after wardes fallynge to agayne it so closelye shutteth the entrance that as Galen saythe not onlye vrine but also ayer is prohibyted to goe backe agayne into the sayde water pype And it is manifest that the synewes of those places come from the spondilles of that parte and the veines and arteries of those members goe as doe the veines of the bellye and the flanke That is to saye after and accordinge to the riuels wrinckles graines and the growinge of heare in those partes And therefore it is good that the incisyons of those places be done after the procedinge of the graines and also openinge of apostemes and workinge wyth cauteryes oughte to be doone in these places in the forsayde maner that we commit none error THE FIFTHE PART OF ANAtomye whiche expresseth the forme and shape of the hanches the thighes the hammes the shynnes and the feete and of the members conteined in them The i. Chapiter ☞ Of the hippes and hanches the grindes the thighes and the knee wyth theyr partes IT behoueth nowe that we speake orderlye of the bones of the hanches or hippes whyche are two in number one on the ryghte syde an other on the lefte fastened by gristles ligamēts behinde to the holye bone likewise before one wyth an other wheras the vpper partes of thē bearing vp the guts so named are called Ossa Ilium and vulgarly Anchas and at the nether partes dependynge Ossa pubis or Pectinis where also they are streighter narower together in men then in women Towarde the sydes furthermore outwardlye they haue in eche a manyfest greatnesse wherin is a holownesse called the bore or cuppe of the hippe and there are they called in Greke Ischia and in latine Coxendices Through at whyche boxe passeth a hard and stronge insensible ligament from a muscle lying wythin the share enteringe the rounde ende of the thyghe bone wherby it is therin firmlye fastened Which ligamēt if it be broken by the dislocation of the thighe bone the bone can neuer be restored to endure in hys place nor the ioynte made perfecte gaine Wherfore the chirurgien may helpe the ache payne of the member caused by the dislocatyon but restore it to continue he cā not for it wil eftsones leape oute againe Outwardlye is thys ioynte bound with strong insensible ligamentes and also wyth synewes Chordes And in the insyde of this ioynte betwene the legges are the emunctorye places called the grindes or shares where as the lyuer hathe his clensinge place in the tyme of Pestilence or anye lyke venemous infection as ye may perceiue by the apostemes there put forthe at suche tymes euen as the harte putteth forthe in the arme holes and the brayne vnder the eares or in the throte And in the grindes are founde certayne curnels or glandulous fleshe euen s●che as are founde vnder the iawes and in lyke places Then after the ioyntes of the hyppes are ordeyned the thigh bones called Femora Femina and of some Coxa whych wythin are holow and ful of marow and wythout round and the vpper ende of thys bone as I sayde afore is fastned wyth the cuppe or boxe of the hippe wher as it turneth and moueth in the time of mouing of the thigh legge or foote And the nether ende entereth into the boxe or cuppe of the focill of the shinne and there it is fastened wyth the shinne bones This ioynte is also bounde wyth stronge insensible ligamentes which be ordeined in euery iuncture that the rubbynge or mouinge of the ioyntes should not be felte painfull or vneasye as we sufficientlye haue declared in the firste treatise of the symple members in the third chapiter And vpon this ioynte of the knee in the forparte therof is sette a rounde gristlye bone called in greeke Epigomatis Mola in latine Patella uel Rotula Genu in Englishe the rotule of the knee whose offyce is to defende the ioynte and to make the mouinge therof the more easy The .ii. Chapiter ☞ Of the shynnes of the ancles the feete and the toes the bones and other partes of their composityon with the figure and number of them ANd after the knee are ordeined the .ii. bones of the legge Whyche are fastened after the lengthe in the nether ende wyth the ancle