Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	air_n	element_n	fire_n	13,062	5	7.1789	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03576	The vse of both the globes, celestiall, and terrestriall most plainely deliuered in forme of a dialogue. Containing most pleasant, and profitable conclusions for the mariner, and generally for all those, that are addicted to these kinde of mathematicall instrumentes. VVritten by T. Hood mathematicall lecturer in the citie of London, sometime fellow of Trinitie Colledge in Cambridge.	Hood, Thomas, fl. 1582-1598.	1592 (1592)	STC 13698; ESTC S106231	107,894	188

much for the forme and figure of heauen P. You say then that the heauen is most perfectly rounde and not onelie that but you will haue it also to bee accounted a Solide bodie By the worde Solide we commonly vnderstand that bodie which beyng made of some massie matter is not hollow within but whole and intire through out Must I conceaue the heauen to be so M. Common sence denieth that conceat For you see the earth the water and whatsoeuer element else or Elementate thing there is to be contayned within the coape of heauen in so much that the matter of the heauen is not intire and Solide thorough out But to the ende you may vnderstande this Soliditie aright hearken I pray you vnto my wordes and let the materiall Globe alone for a while The whole worlde is diuided into two principall partes the one Etheriall the other Elementall The Elementall parte compacted o● the 4. Elements the fire the aire the water and the earth is inuironed on euery side with the Etheriall parte which is the Heauen which from the element of the fire vpwarde is Solide and hath no emptines in any place Yet i● it not so Solide but that it is distinguished into certain● Spheres or as we ought properly to tearme thē Orbes whereof each one mooueth diuersly These Orbes are in number 10. as may be gathered by the motion occultation and parallaxe of the Starres The 10. which is the vppermost of all is called the primum mobile it mooueth from the East directly towarde the West vpon the poles of the world expressed by the poles of the Globe within the space of 24. houres and imparting his motion to the other 9. it carieth them with him rounde about in the same time so that whereas we see the Sunne the Moone all the Starres to rise and set within that space it commeth to passe not by their owne proper and peculiar motion but by the violent and swifte motion of this first mooueable The inferior 9. Spheres mooue from the West towarde the East not directly in a line against the other but from the West Southwest they bende toward the East Northeast Some of these 9. Spheres are beautified with Starres the other haue none The ninth Sphere hath neuer a Starre it is vsually called the Christalline heauen although that name be common also to the foresayd Sphere because it is most cleare and transparent hauing no one parte thicker than an other It maketh his proper and perfect reuolution as Ptolome affirmeth in 36000. as Albategnius writeth in 23760 as Alphonsus gathereth in 49000. yeares the which time is thought to be Plato his great yeare wherein he sayd ●ach thing should returne to the former estate Of those ●pheres which are beautified with starres some haue but ●●e starre the other hath many that which hath many is ●he 8. Sphere otherwise called the Firmament either be●ause beyng the vttermost of all as antiquity iudged it ●●rmely keepeth in incōpasseth the rest or else because 〈◊〉 cōprehendeth those starres whose distance one frō an ●ther is firme fixed and not vncertaine as the other ●re and therefore also is called the Sphere of the fixed ●tarres This. 8. Sphere albeit it be partaker of the. 2. vppermost for as I sayd each vppermost Sphere imparteth his motion to all his inferiors yet hath it a motion properly belonging to it selfe not perfect and absolutely ●phericall as the other motions are but winding from ●he North to the Southward in 3500. yeares it reuolueth ●he same way in the same time making his whole accesse and recesse in 7000. yeares This motion is called the motion of Trepidation The other 7. Spheres which suc●eede are each one decked with one onely starre called a Planet that is by interpretation a wandring Starre not that it runneth at randon vncertainely for the motion of them all is most certainely knowne as may appeare by the Eclipses which are foreseene an hundred yeare before they come but because their distance one from an other is neuer the same beyng sometimes nearer and sometimes farther of therefore are they tearmed wan●ring starres The vppermost of these 7. is the Sphere of Saturne whose motion is complete in 29. yeares 155. ●ayes 3. houres 47. min. 44 sec Iupiter next vnder him cōpasseth the Heauen by his proper course in 11. yeares ●14 dayes 13. houres 12. min. 4. sec The Sphere of Mars finisheth his race in one yeare 321. dayes 16. houres 34. min. 44. sec The Spheres of the sunne Venus and Mercurie run their course in one yeare that is in 365. dayes 5. houres 55. min. 26. sec 10. thirds 56. fourths The which space of time is commonly called a solare yeare The Moone which is lowest of all next to the Elementall region maketh her reuolution in the space of 27. dayes 7. houres 43. min. 7. sec So that hereby you are to vnderstande that albeit both the heauen it selfe and the celestiall Globe be called a Solide bodie yet there is this difference betweene them that the Globe consisteth of one peece but the heauen of many Spheres or Orbes and those as you haue hearde moouing sundry wayes in diuers maners P. I doe beleeue you because as the Prouerbe is a learner must beleeue but it seemeth vnpossible that the one Sphere should mooue one way and the other an other way M. It is no more impossible for the one Sphere to mooue one way and the other an other way than it is impossible for the Maister of a shippe to walke from the prowe to the poupe that is from the South Northwarde whilest the ship runneth from the North Southwarde P. Which of all these 10. Spheres doth the celestiall Globe represent M. It representeth especially the. 10. Sphere P. But you said before that the starres are in the 8. Sphere which is the firmament M. It is true but because the motion of the fixed Starres following the motion of the ninth Sphere from West to East is so slowe and so litle that in a mans life tyme it can hardly be perceaued therefore without any great inconuenience we may place the fixed starres in the ●●●face of the Globe though it properly in respect of the ●●●cles represent the tenth P. Why do you in the definition of the celestiall ●●obe put in these words cōtayning in the cōuexitie M. Thereby is expressed an other difference betweene that which wee behold in the heauen it selfe and on the celestiall Globe Our eye not beyng within the Globe beholdeth euery thing described thereupō on the outside whereas notwithstanding we see the starres on ●●e innerside of heauen P. Why doe you say certaine circles are there any more to be vnderstoode in the heauen than are expressed in the Globe M. Yea a great many the which I will both name and describe vnto you as occasion serueth But for so much as these on the Globe are sufficient for a yong be●inner or a Nouice in Astronomie

ceassing 〈◊〉 that his declination from or towarde the Equinocti●● can hardly be discerned for the smalnesse thereof T●● signes also are diuersly distinguished according to th● qualitie but it is not for me in this place to reckon the● because they belong to Iudiciall Astronomie which c●●leth some of them Masculine some Feminine some ●●●urnall some Nocturnall some Mooueable some Fix●● some Common c. The qualities whereby the sig●● are vsually distinguished are either Elementall or Hum●rall So that the signes are diuided according to the. 4. ●●●ments and humors raigning in our bodies The elem●●tall qualities are such as are in the elements as heate 〈◊〉 colde moisture and drinesse The fire is hote and drie 〈◊〉 are some signes are therefore called firie as ♈ ♌ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which because they are but. 3. in number are called 〈◊〉 the firie triplicitie The ayre is moyst and hot so 〈◊〉 ♊ ♎ ♒ which make the ayrie triplicitie The water is colde and moist so are ♋ ♏ ♓ making the wa●●●● triplicitie The earth is drie colde so are ♉ ♍ ♑ ●●ich make the earthly triplicitie The humorall qualities are such as are in the. 4. humors of our bodies and are answereable to the qualities of the. 4. Elements The first ●●mor is choler which is hot drie like the fire where●● on the firie signes are called also cholerick Bloud an●●ereth in qualitie to the aire which is hot and moist ●●●rfore the airie signes are also Sanguine The water 〈◊〉 me agree in qualitie being both cold moist so that 〈◊〉 watrie signes are called flegmaticke Melancholie and 〈◊〉 earth are drie cold the earthly signes therefore are ●●●ed Melancholicke And to the intent that you may ●●st easily carrie these qualities of the signes in memorie 〈◊〉 this Choose 4. fingers of your hand and call the first 〈◊〉 the second earth the thirde aire the fourth water ●●en in beginning at ♈ count the. 12. signes vpō your foure ●●●gers so shall you finde which are firie and cholericke that is hot and drie which earthly and melancholicke that is drie and colde c. P. There arise in this place 2. doubtes wherein I would gladly be resolued First the Philosophers haue 〈◊〉 downe this as a principle that in heauen there is nei●●er heate nor colde in what respect then are the signes ●●de to be of these qualities Secondly the naturall pla●●●g of the Elements is this the fire is first and the ayre su●ceedeth then the water the earth it self is last of all what is therefore the reason of this disorderly placing of ●●e signes why are the earthly signes in the second place M. The ancient Astronomers men of great exper●ence and paines obseruing the sundry changes and alt●rations of all things here vpon earth noted that the Su●● and other planets cōming to certaine places of the he●uen did moue some of these inferior bodies more th●● othersome and stirred vp their qualities more or lesse● or otherwise diminished thē The qualities whose au●mentation diminution alteration they especially o●serued were these beforenamed because they were mo●● subiect to cōmon sense And cōsidering that as black a●● white so heate and cold drynes and moisture cannot 〈◊〉 in one and the same subiect being contraries therefo●● they affirmed certain places to be hot others to be col●● some to be moist and some to be dry not actually as th● elements are but vertually by their vertue and powe● From this experience I might draw an answere to yo●● second question that because they obserued in ♉ whic● is the second signe the earthly qualities that is drougth● and coldnes therfore they placed the signes as they b● Yet I pray you also note this in the elements there are 〈◊〉 qualities one intensiue predomināt which is the chi●fest of the two the other is remisse as in the fire the pr●domināt quality is the heat the remisse qualitie is the di●●nes these elements are changed one into another not a●● all aduentures but successiuely from one to another thi● naturall change is fitly expressed by the placing of the n●● signes The fire which is intensiue hot cannot becom● moist immediatly but it is always dry yet may it lose hi● heate and become cold and dry which are the qualitie● of the earth The first signe therefore being firie the second is earthly to signifie this naturall alteration Againe the aire is intensiue moist and remissiue hot therefore it cannot be dry but it may lose his heate and be●ome cold as the water is and therefore those 2. signes succeede one an other I might deriue also a reason of this disorder from the seuerall aspects of the signes which is not to be neglected in the eclipticke for in this circle they are to be accounted P. What meane you by that word aspect which you say is to be obserued in the signes M. An aspect is a position of the signes it is a ●hing incident also to the planets in a determinate di●●ance of the ecliptick line from whence they may as it ●ere beholde one another P. Hour many aspects are there M. Hauing regard vnto the Planets there are fiue ●spects for they may be right vnder one an other or else ●hey may be in one and the same great circle drawne ●rom the poles of the eclipticke through the center of ●ach Planet this aspect is called coniunction and is expressed with this character ☌ the other aspects are sextile quadrature trine and opposition these 4. are only in the signes for the signes are not said to haue cōiunction Sextile is an aspect of the signes or planets when they are distant one from an other the sixt part of the eclipticke that is 60. degrees as ♈ and ♊ ♉ and ♋ c. it is expressed thus * Quadrature is an aspect of the signes when they are distant one from an other 90. degrees which is the fourth part of the eclipticke as ♈ and ♋ or ♋ and ♎ it is thus expressed □ Trine which ●s also called trigonall or triangular is an aspect of the signes when they are distant one from an other the third part of the eclipticke which is 120. degrees as ♈ and ♌ the character of this aspect is this △ Opposition is an aspect of the Signes when they are distant 180. degrees which is halfe the Eclipticke so that the one signe is in the one ende of the Diameter and the other signe in the other ende as ♈ and ♎ or ♋ and ♑ this aspect is expressed thus ☍ P. What is the reason that the quintile is exēpted M. If you marke it there is no aspect hetherto named but the number which giueth the denomination thereto will exactly diuide 12. for so much therefore as 5. from whence the quintile aspect if there were any such is to receaue his denomination cannot diuide 12 exactly therefore that aspect is excluded by the Astronomers Thus much for the quantitie that is the number of the aspects P. If