the health of man the 3. is Pathologia and is exercâ—â—ed in searching out the sicknâ—â—â— the cause the 4 is Semcouâ—â—e and is exercised in hewing the signe either oâ—â—ife or death the 5. is Therapeutica and that teacheth the order of curing affects besides nature and vnder this last part is comprehended three other parts Dieta compositio medicamentorum and Chirurgia Doct. I see you are reasonably wel acquainted with the definition and diuision of the art But you told me but now that physick was the study of things natural of things not natural and of things against nature tell mee what are those things that you terme naturall Stud. Those things that are termed Res naturales naturall are seuen Elements temperaments humours spirits parts faculties and functions in the knowledge of which Physiologia or the knowledge of naturall things is exercised Doct. Tel me then what is an Element Stud. Element is a body most pure and simple the least part of the same wherin Elementum quid it is which câ—â— not be diuided into any other kind and of it all things natural haue their originall beginning This definition is taken out of Galen and Aristotle and therefore cannot be denied Doct. How many Elements are there Stud. There are are foure Elements viz. the fire which is extreame hotte and moderately drie the aire extreame moist and moderately hot the water extream cold and moderately moist the earth extream drie moderately cold In heat the fire with the aire and in drines with the earth in moisture the aire with the water and in heat with the fire in coldnesse the water with the earth and in moisture with the aire the earth in drines with the fire and in coldnesse with the water doe all consent and agree And as the water to the fire is extreame contrary so is the aire to the earth of the mixture of these Elements all naturall bodies haue their composition And yet it is nothing necessary that they be equally mingled in the body but according to that that hath dominion the body is named cholerick sanguin phlegmatick or melancholick and haue their denomination of the foure naturall humors viz. choler blood flegme and melancholy which take their qualities of the Elements for choler is hot drie according to the nature of the fire and blood is hot and moist according to the nature of the aire flegme is cold moist according to the water melancholy in no point doth disagree from the earth Doct. You haue well declared how naturall bodies are framed by the mixture of the Elements let me heare how briefly you can shew me the differences of temperatures Stud. Temperatures are in number Temperamentum nine whereof there are eight do exceed and therefore they may be better called distemperatures then temperatures the ninth is temperate for it doeth exceed in no quality Of distemperatures there be foure simple and foure compound the simple are heat cold drines moisture of the which ioyned together distemperatures are made The ninth is neither hot cold dry nor moist it is framed of them all and that is it which the Grecians do call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Bene temperatuÌ„ or according to the Arithmeticians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 TeÌ„peramentuÌ„ ad pondus a coÌ„plexion measured by weight because there are as many degrees of heat as there are of cold of drines as there are of moisture the other which be distemperatures be not measured by weight but by dignity as in the heart wel tempered heat doth exceed in the braine well tempered moisture doth exceed in the fatte wel tempered cold in Temperamentum secund iustitiam distributiuam the bones wel tempered drines and this is called temperamentum secundùm iustitiam distributiuam a temperature rightly measured or disposed with equality Doct. But is it possible to find a body so complexioned that we may say here is a body framed of the foure Elements ad poÌ„dus that is to a iust equal proportioÌ„ Stud. I am perswaded that it is altogether impossible for any man to find such a body that the soure Elements may be said to be equally proportioned in him for either heat or moisture hath still the predomination or coldnes and drines And yet I thinke it not to be impossible but that there may be such a body but hard to be found as hard to come by as Quintilians Orator or the wise man which the Stoicks defined a man harder to come by then the rich Iewell the Philosophers stone which although diuers brag that it may be framed yet it can neuer be attained vnto so we may imagine such a man to bee as by the consent of nature was neuer framed nor is euer like to be But if there be any that can find a man that is neither too grosse nor Definition of a temperate man too slender nor very ful of haire nor yet smoth without haire nor soft nor yet hard blacke nor white hot nor cold drie nor moist and to be brief such a one that keepeth a meane without al excesse if I say we can find such a one then are we sure we haue a body complexioned ad pondus and to just proportion Doct. Then you conclude there can be found no body so framed that it may be termed Corpus temperatum an pondus Stud. It is very true Read fernel Lâ—onar Tuc. Iohn Rolanus Doct. Then shew me the iudgement and signes of Temperaments Stud. That was I minded to performe if you had not spoken thereof for it is to no end to know the differences of temperatures if we know not the signes of the same also First then we know by the touching heate from cold moysture from drithe and those that are of a soft disposition of body the flesh being laxe and thinne them wee iudge to bee moyst those that haue a thicke and a hard skinne them wee iudge to be drie Then wee proceed as well to physicall actions as to morall neither doe wee account physicall onely naturall but vitall and the animall also Morall actions are assects of a body concupiscible angry and rationall for Galen in one booke doth teach that Animimores sequuntur temperamentuÌ„ corporis that the disposition of the mind doth follow the temperature of the bodie In men that by nature are hot the heart and the Artiers beate vehemeÌ„tly but in men of a cold disposition the heart and pulse beate remisly and slowly men of an hot dispositioÌ„ are very much inclined to lust and venerie the cold disposition is for the most part very flow or vnable notwithstanding it sometimes doth happen that the hot complexion proueth vnfit for Venus because the members of generation are ouer cold The hot complexion is prone vnto anger they are of a proud and hautie stomack but the cold are feareful sober and of an abiect mind the hot complexion is crafty subtill
a litle hyslop as Rec. Hyssoppi P. ss bulliat in tribus libris aquae ad perfectam despumatienem seu consumptioneni tertie partis audendo mellis ℥ j. ss cuius quantitas mir uatur siatque mulsa dilutior sicalor in praecordijs auctus videatur ne bilescat In the whole progresse of the disease our cheefest care must be for the stomacke that it may be strengthened by taking of some tables of Aromaticum rosatum or Electuary of Diarrhodon applying vpō the the same Emplastrū stomachicū with oile of nutmegs Chimical oile of wormwood such like also to giue inwards is verie much cōmended syrup of mints or syrup of worme wood Some do affirm that the iuice of Gentian with warm wine taken before the fit doth cure the feuer but it is most certain that a Dr. of old treacle or mithridate the body purged giuen in white wine one houre before the fit to cure the same There be some that haue sworne that onely with the instilling of 3. drops of the iuice of Mercury into the right eare or nostrill to haue done the same but as it is an indifferent medicine so those that are disposed may proue it so that they neglect not other meanes some others will vpon the drawing on of the fit to hold the feet in hot water wherin haue bin boiled herbs of an hot quality To a quotidiā appertaineth that feuer which is called Epiala contrary to Lypiria for Epiala Lypriiam whē the inward parts wax cold the outward do burn because the vitrios glas sie flegm in what part it doth putrisie is incended but the other grosse sort doth waxe cold which requireth to be well prepared by such medicines as doe vehemently incide and attenuate before it be purged Gordomius counselleth in feuers proceeding of slegme to giue the patient wine diluted for saith he if Valesius doe allow of opening rootes if of peper if syrups De mentha and De absynthio may be allowed why not wine And this is the method which I haue obserued for the cure of a quotidian feuer by which method I suppose all phlegmaticke diseases of what kind soeuer may be remoued and perfectly cured Doct. Tell me what difference there is betweene a quotidian and an haemitritaeon or halfe a certian Of an Haemitritaeon or Semitertian Stud. HIppocrates primo Epidenion De semetertiana doth call a semitertian horrisicam not onely because it doeth inuade with horror but also because in the whole course of the disease the sick doth altogether tremble and shake this feuer is framem of a continuall quotidian and of an intermittent tertian Flegme putrified in the greater vessels causeth a quotidian and choler putrisied in habitu causeth a tertian but it troubleth daily besids also the third day the sick cōplaineth himself to be tormēted for certain houres with watchings vnquietnes with thirst with bitternes of mouth with a feeling of lassitude and wearisomenes therfore frō flegme proceedeth the cold from choler a light succession or shaking of the extern parts but frō both of them trembling It is called a semitertian not because we say he is halfe putrified but he is farre more grieuous then a tertian Hippocrates saith that this disease is deadly for many causes first for the diuers conflict of contraries secondly because it leaueth no time to nature to nourish the body to concoct hurtfull humours and to repaire the strength by which cause it must needes heape vp a great heape of excrements thirdly because it is twofold and is framed from contrary causes lastly because it exerciseth the stomack and the Nerues parts from whence arise often syncops and soundings notwithstanding the remedies must be mixed against choler and flegme the stomack must be strengthened with inward and outward meanes the liuer must also be cooled for I know not how it happeneth that it taketh one heat from another the lesser is drawn from the greater Doct. So now you haue satisfied my desire proceede to diseases arising from melancholy which we wil comprehend vnder a feuer quartan let me know your method you haue for the cure of the same Of diseases proceeding of melancholy with their remedies under the example of a quartan feuer Stud. AFeuer proceeding from melancholy is called a quartan Do morbis melancholicis because that melācholy moueth euery 4. day as choler doth euery 3. day slegm daily That quartan is the safest which doth inuade of itselfe and doth not proceed from some other disease For those feuers that degenerate into a quartan doe somtimes continue for many yeres Valescus reporteth that he saw a man that had a feuer euery 30. day that feuer did continue for the space of 30 yeares The feuer is chiefly to be known from things antecedent as if the sicke were Digmtio melancholy in his declining age and whether it took hold of him in Autumn although that Hippocrates in libro De hebdomadibus writeth that that feuer doth chiefly inuade in the flower of age that is to say from 25. vnto 45. but hee hath written many other things of a quartan which daily experience doth shew to be contrary But to proceed if the fit doth begin with trembling shaking that his bones seeme to be bruised feeleth paine in his lower parts because the humor is cold drie grosse and therefore cannot be thrust out to the skin Also from the adiuncts as by the heat which doth not appeare sharp biting except the humor be of burnt choler From the consequents as the hurt action a small pulse by reason of cold Actiu lesa slow by reason of the grossenesse of the humour The feuer is also to be adiudged from the excrements as by little sweat because the humour being earthy is very hardly resolued into sweats the vrine is thinne and watrish and the stooles and drie We must proceede in this feuer as in others in concocting the matter offending and in purging because he is of the kind of putrified feuers therefore we must begin with euacuation of common superfluities and if the belly be bound wee giue this or the like glyster Rec. Fol. Maluae M. j. Polypod quer ℥ j. ss Epithimi Apozem Contra melancholiam Carthami an ℥ ss Sen alex. ℥ j. Sem. anisi Femculi an P. j. Bulliant in sero Lactis adlib j. in colat dissolue mollis ros ℥ j. ss olei violarum ℥ iij. fiat enema Also we may administer this Apozem Rec. Radicum capparis Tamaricis an Drag iij. Polypodij ℥ ss Lupuli cuscutae melissae buglossae Borraginisan M. j Som. anisi feniculi an Drag ij Florum genistae P. j. Fiat decoctio in colat ℥ viij Dissolue Syrupi Defumaria simplicis vel compositi syrup de pomis aut regis sabor an ℥ j. ss fiat Apozema clarum in duas doses In the same decoction may bec boyled Foliorum Sennae drag iij in
there are that do very much commend the yelks of egs poched and coxe-stones boyled in milke but that is more fitter for the cause which is emptines then to the Feuer the Patient must vse decoctions of french barly a yong cocke stusfed with barly clensed and boyled for broth is very good if hee shall be wearie of the vse of pusans he may vse white wine being made thin by delution The Patient must auoid watchfulnes venery and all other perturbations of the mind which doth dry attenuate as anger sorrow bathing is thought to be good lukewarm so that it hath a cooling faculty especially before the disease be confirmed he may tarry in this bath 3. or 4. houres giuing vnto him therein Asses milke tempered cum saccharo violato or rosato after he is out of his bath he may be annointed with cerato refrigirante galeni or vnguento rosato mesue oyle of roses violets or Mympheae Marasmus is not to bee cured and those that make their Marasmus brags that they cure consumptions doc much mistake for it is rather leannes and thinnes of body then any Hectick passion for euen as to poure oyle into a lampe where is no weeke nor match is nothing else but oleum operam perdere euen so in vaine doe wee striue to restore to nature that solid substance being by heate consumed taken away because that through nourishment a watry humor not an angry is rather supplyed to the sicke Patient Common remedies for maligne diseases and contagious vnder the example of the Pestilence THe Pestilence is a disease which De Tesie doth happen vnto many and hath his beginning from a pernicious vnusual putrifactiō which doth very much exceed the condition of vulgar putrifaction Sometimes this pernicious quality hath it begining in our selues for it happeneth that sometimes the humors I could wish that our common Gardeners about London might be inhibited from planting such multituds of Cabbages or at the least might be compelled to bury deep vnder ground their rotten stalks and leaues from whence ariseth a pestilent vapour and vnusuall putrifaction at the latter end of the yere of our bodie doth so much degenerate from the natural temperature that at the length it taketh vnto it self a pernitios venemos quality so is constrained to striue with deadly venoms Somtimes it ariseth frō outward means as malign putrified exhalations which are communicated to the aire sometimes from dead fennes pooles and standing waters corrupted such as is the waters in Moore fields at London where no man was wont to walke in the euenings for stench stinking channels venemous dens and mettalin spirits arising out of the earth often times also it happeneth from the variable commistion of the Planets and then it is the hidden and admirable scourge of the most iust God for our sinnes and then it is properly called the pestilence but when it hath hit beginning from other causes it is called Morbus malignus or Febris maligna those feuers that haue their originall from Venom are for the most part deadly but not pestilential because they are not contagious The part affected is the heart by Pars affect meanes of the pestilent aire which creepeth vnto the same by the lungs through necessity of respiration whereby the vitall spirits are assailed and the humidum radicale and solid substance cleane ouer throwne We must in the beginning resist the externall cause the aire is to be purged by fire both abroad in the house for that doth separate remoue the putrifaction many waies if it be prepared of sweete woods as of Iuniper it is more better doth more refresh the vitall spirits The vitall faculty it selfe is to be strengthned by cordials as well inward as outward the better to resist venom Rec. Conseruae buglos borrag an ℥ j. Corticis semenis citri an Dr. ij Diamargirits frioidi Alexiphar macon Troch scorūde Camphora an dr j Adde si vis boli armeni terrae sigillatae tantundē Rasurae Vnicornis smaragdt ambrae an gran ss cum syrupo conseruationis citri fiat opiata vel cum saccharo in aqua violarum Buglos scabiosae cardut benedicti soluto fiat electuarum per tabellas but if these things shail seeme too hot for the summer they may be temperated with adding of Roses violets and sanders for the poorer sort may suffise the rines and seeds of the citren cornu cerui zedoaria dictaminus angelica tormentill gentian taken the quantity of Drag j. in aquae cardui or borragini To the heart must be applied Sacculus fotus Epithemita the sacculus may be prepared with red roses violets flowres of buglosse the citren rine of their decoction or distilled waters may bee made fotus and with adding of cordiall powders may be framed an Epithema There are alwaies ready in the Apothecaries shops two Alexiteriās against al venoms and venemous diseases that is treacle mithridate the which our antients haue vsed with great profit as wel for preseruatiue as for expelling presēt sicknes they were wont to giue one Dr. by it selfe or else in some cordiall water and also to apply it outwardly in the forme of a Linament vpon the region of the heart with some mice of Lymons or mixed with some Cordiall conserues in the forme of an Emplaster Some learned men doe agree that the same cacochymia is to be diminished by some gentle purge which must be vsed with some cordial decoction as for example if choler be accended and a poison may seeme to possesse all the humours the signes shew presently a cholerick feuer although by reason of the same cacoethes and conioyned poyson it be increased we may say Rec. Radicis acetosae ℥ ss Scabiosae Cichorij Pimpinellae an M. j. Decoctio cordialis Sem. citri Cardui benedictian Drag ij Flor. cordialium an P. j. Fiat decoctio in colaturae ℥ iiij infunde Rhabarbari Dra. ij ss in expressione leui dissolue syrup rosarum Solutiui ℥ j. ss adde Camphorae grana quatuor fiat potus I dare not vse any stronger purge as Diaprunum solutinum and Electuarium Desucco rosarum least nature should be disturbed and therefore we must farre lesse vse Diacrydium or Antimoni Yet there be some Physitions that doe affirme that iiij or v. graines of Antimoni being infufed in some cordiall waters to haue been giuen with good successe In all Epidimicall diseases one doeth administer this medicine Rec. Diascordij Drag j. Syrup Delymonibus ℥ ss Aquae cardui benedict ℥ ij Spirit vitrioli gut 4. Misce fiat haustus Capiat fudet and so let him take ij Nota. or iij. of the same draughts if the feuer seeme to be a synochus and the patient haue a plethoricke body a veine may safely be opened but if it be but an Ephemera or hecticke then at no hand must it be enterprised From hence aririseth that great
in which the matter of the disease doth chiesly lurke and so driue the matter from the inward to the outward and to that purpose we may vse Decocto radicum feniculi enulae campanae lentium vuarū passarum sicuum To this decoctiō may be added treacle or mithridate as if wee take iiij ounces of decoction wee may adde Scr. ij of mithridat or treacle with two drops of spirit of vitrioll and so may he sweat the space of iij. houres together afterwards the sweate being cleane wiped hee may commit himselfe to his bed in which hee may more pleasantly sweate at his pleasure and this order of sweating is often to be repeated Doct. But what if these courses taken bring no profit to the patient Stud. Then wee proceed to a more stronger kind of cure as after bloodletting to vse the decoction of Guiacum or of sarsaparilia or of the roots of China alwaies prouided that the body be first well purged and this decoction must be giuen hot and the Patient wel closely couered with clothes that hee may the better sweate after his sweate hee may rise and walke in his chamber so that he keep himselfe from the iniury of theaire he may also 4. or 5. hours after the receiuing of the medicine dine sup either with a chickin or a little rosted mutton But if for busines or pouerty the Patient may not vse the decoction we may in the place vse the vnction of mercury that with very good successe and also sometimes after the vse of the decoctiō with great profit for thereby shall the reliques of the disease bee throughly expelled we continue the decoction for the space of 30. daies together This euil also will require somtimes stronger engines as suffumigijs of Cinabrium which may be performed euery third or fourth day but this medicine is neuer to be put in vse vnlesse we haue in vaine assaied al the former meanes notwithstanding in the armes legs it may safely be performed if there be either pain aches nodes tophies or vlcers for those which by reason of their busines cānot keep home we may vse emplasters spread vpon leather or vpon new linnen cloth place them vpon the ioints which implaster may be remoued twice a weeke Doct. Shew me what plaster it is that may be applied for that purpose Stud. Rec. Emplastri de meliloto pro splene lib. ss Argentiviui ℥ ij olei laurini petrolei terebinthinae an Q. S. fiat cerotum For the hard tumors you may take the roots of Althea figs and fenugreeke which being boiled in wine with capōs grease make an emplaster so apply it And this may suffice for a discreet student as cōcerning the cure of that foule contagious disease called the Frēch pox Doct. There is one disease more which we call Scorbutus let vs finish our discomse with that disease tell me what is that Scorbutus Of the Scorbie Stud. Scorbutus is a disease obstructing De Scorbuto the splene wherby the course passage of melancholy is hindred which being mingled with the rest of the bloud infecteth all the body with vild wastings and corruption the groster part wherof falling downe staineth the legges with spots like vnto the couler of pomgranets and the thinner patt being carried vp doth desile the gummes with sharpe fretting and loathsome ouergrowing of the flesh This disease is thought to bee that which Plinie maketh mention of in lib. 25. of his naturall history calling it 25. Lib. hist naturalium Stomocace and Sccletyrbe Doct. What is the cause of this disease Stud. The cheife cause of this disease is grosse and corrupt diet as may be perceiued cap. 3. Strabo geograph lib. 16. Grosse diet the cause of the Scorby by those that trauell by sea by long voyages and our fishers that trauel to the Newfound-lands wanting fresh and sweet waters and vsing corrupt and stincking waters especially in an hot aire in which the waters will most speedely corrupt in like manner flesh tainted and stinking lard putrified and mouldie venson tainted fish of grosse substāce bread twise baked and sub mucid garlick drinkes ingendring cuill iuice bacon martlemas beefe fish dried in the smoake being ouer-salted such like But aboue al things a full diet and delicate vsing no exercise is the cause of this disease and somtimes this disease doth follow the quartan Feuer Doct. What are the certaine signes of this disease Stud. The signes of this disease is first Signa Sborbuti an euill sauor of the mouth swelling and bleeding in the gummes loosnes of the teeth black leadie spots of the legs somtimes in the face also weaknes of the joints disability to walke difficulty of breathing chiefly when they moue or stir and when they offer to rise or set vp right they are ready to die and their spirits faile them but when they lie downe they are refreshed breath more freely In like māner the sicke for the most part are greedy of meat and do desire to eate often for the most part their stomack neuer faile them also the belly for the most part is bound and the patient goeth hardly to stoole and yet there are some that are subiect to a continual slux Moreouer the spots of the legs do sometimes swell and tumisie in some the legs are so vlserated that the shinbone doth often lie bare And in a word this disease in some bodies doth turne into a kind of leprosy for the spots resolue into a black kind of scales as is wont to bee in the morphue and leprosie of the Greeks although in other some it is but light equall and shining Lastly those that die of this disease are sound to be spotted ouer all the body veins of the legs about the tongue are filled swolen with melancholy blod these are propper signs of this disease Doct. Let me now know the manner of of your cure of this disease Stu. Letting passe general remedies I wil shew you the particular cure of this disease which must if there be Plethoria Cura and fulnes be begun with blood-letling if strength age and other things permit but it is not thought good to draw blood in abundance but if it be possible to draw blood from the haemorrhodial veines it is more conuenient and if the splene be particularly affected the veine called Lienaris or middle veine of the left arme is to be opened but if the liuer be more affected and that the bodie is perceiued to abound with blood then we must open the liuer veine of the right arme or the Basilica or middle veine But where the Physition is neuer or seldome called vntill the disease hath Nota. taken deepe roote and is become desperate that is when it hath spread it selfe into the legges and other parts of the body we must then altogether abstaine from blood-letting Doct. What course must wee then take
head or by the consent of some other member or by both but the matter of the disease is either blood choler flegme or melancholy or else sometimes vapours arising from the same Achor or Furfur it is a kind of vlceration of the head like a scurffe or dandruffe and is like vnto branne or oatmeale It springeth through too much humiditie and moistnes of the braine and somtimes through melancholy or some salt humor it is not much different from Fauus which is also a kind of scaly matter in the head Phrenitis or Frenisis is the Frensie or madnes some affirme that it is bred in the pellicles of the braine called Pia mater either by inflammation or impostumation it causeth alienation of the mind and losse of memorie There is an other kind of Frensie which doth follow as accidents of some disease as with a Feuer the Plurifie and such like Lethargus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an other disease which doth take his name from the forgetfulnes of all things It hapneth with the alienation of the mind and a sleepines not to bee resisted It is caused of flegme which cooleth the braine ouermuch and moistneth it and therby doth prouoke sleepe it is deriued of Lethe obliuion and of argos hebetudo that is dull obliuion Caros or subeth is a depriuation of a mans sense and motion It doth differ from Lethargus because that those that be affected with the Lethargre will answere to a question demanded but those that are affected with this disease are occupied with a deep sleep and if they be stirred or pricked although they feele yet they will say nothing nor once open their eyes It is caused of a cold grosse and viscous flegmatick humor filling the braine Melancholia and mania is an alienation of the mind troubling reason and waxing foolish so that the Patient is almost besides himselfe It doth come without a wound or an vlcer either in the braine or in the marrow of the backe or in any particular sinewes Torturaoris called of Almansor contractio it is vntruly named the palsie for it is more neerer a crampe for because it doth contract the sinewes of those partes The chiefe cause of this disease springeth as of that of the Palsie or else of cold or some angry passion Spasmus or conuulsio in English the Crampe it is a disease in the which the sinewes are drawne and pluckt vp against ones will there bee of it three kindes the first is called by the Latines Distentio and is when the neck doth remaine altogether immoueable and cannot bee turned any way but must bee holden right forth the second is called in Latine Tensio ad anteriora in this disease the head and the neck bee drawne downe to the breast the third is called tensio ad posterioria in this disease the head is drawne downe backward to the back and the shoulders The causes by Hippocrates are said to be two that is fulnes and emptines of the sinewes in the body somtimes it doth come with the biting or stinging of some venemous beast some are also of opinion that the extraordinary vse of Venerie and vsed vpon a full stomack may cause this desease also debilitie and weaknes and the want of blood may be an occasion of this disease Catarrhus is a distillation of some rheumatick matter vnto the lower parts as when it doth discend to the nostrels and cause oppilation it is called Coryza or when it doth descend to the parts of the throat it is called Branchus or when it doth descend vnto the brest or to the lungs then it is called the catarrh from whence this verse doth arise Si fluit ad pectus Rheuma tuicc dico catarrhū Ad fances branchon ad nares dico coryzam The catarrh is also caused either through some outward coldnesse or heate sometimes by euaporation of meats sometimes by the smell and odor of hot and cold things by the immoderate vse of Venerie oucrmuch sleepe violent exercise or too much rest or repletion There are many other diseases which do spring from the braine as palpitatio membrorum tremor and stnpor with such other like which for breuities sake I doe omit CHAP. II. Of the affects of the eyes THe affects of the eyes are opthalmia the cataract lippitudo leucoma glaucoma Aegilops suffusiones and such like The opthalmia is an inflammation or an hot impostume in the eye It is caused of some distillation from the braine or else of the corruption of blood mixt with choler and somtimes accidentally by a stripe or blow the smoake dust the sunne c The cataract of some called suffusio is a disease in which the Patient doth imagine oftentimes that he seeth black things it is a corrupt water congealed like a curd ingendred of the humors of the eye distempered betwixt the tunicles set before the sight of the eye the Crystaline humor The causes hereof may bee a fall stroake heate cold paine by whose meanes the humor is drawne and gathered together or the cause may bee vapours and humours ascending to the braine and from thence discending to the eyes which in processe of time and by reason of cold are changed into water and in the end is become thick and congealed Lippitudo bleare-eyes it is when the vnder lidde of the eye is subuerted Rasis doeth affirme that to be lipitudo when the white of the eie is turned to rednesse It is caused of some salt humor or of superabundance of rheume with corruption of blood Leucoma a kind of webbe the which is rooted in vpon the eies The cause is a viscous humor or some rheumatick matter sometimes also it may come of a stripe or bruise Glaucoma is vsed in two senses for it is taken vnproperly for a webbe cataracte or spot which is gathered and dried round about the apple of the eye but there is a difference betweene the cataract and Glaucoma for the cataract is a collection and an heap of other humors then of those which are naturall in the eye slowing vnto it from some other place but Glaucoma is properly vsed when the crystaline humour is drie and thicke and the colour of it is greene whereupon the eyes seeme greene or pale Aegilops is a little fistula in the corner of the eie neere vnto the nose out of the which doth issue continually flegme or a thinne humor arising of some former disease as of anchilops suppurated but either not speedily opened or negligently dressed or rather it doth arise of some slimie matter or moist medicines or the aire which hath altered and rotted the bone in that part CHAP. III. Of the diseases of the eares DOlor aurium paine in the eares is caused of some through cold taken in iournying by cold winds somtimes it is caused of cold bathes and medicinall waters also it doth chance to many through hotte distemper sometimes through inflammation sometimes sharpe and biting humours doe cause paine in
ij Moschi Scr. ss Aquae rosarum lib. ij Vini maluatici lib. ss Aceti ros lib. ss Let all be finely bruised and mixed for viij daies and afterwards distilled in Balnea mariae A water against the syncope or swounding Rec. Aquae rosat lib. ij Acetirosati lib. j. Maluatici lib. ss Florum rorismarinae Maioranae an Dra j. ss Zedoariae Dra j. Coriandrorum Scr. ij Cubebarum Nucis Muscatae Macis Garyophillorum singl Dra. ss Cinamonti Scr. ij Ligni aloes Dra. ss Specierum Diamusci Drag j. Camphorae Scr. ss Ambrae Gran. iiij Let all bee bruised and mixed together with the liquors and let it infuse together for foure daies then let it be distilled in Balnea Maria. You may adde to these Aquarum nympheae Violarum Lauendulae an ℥ ij Aquae vltae ℥ iij. It is a most effectuall remedie astainst swounding in the pestilence In like manner three branches of pentiy-royall infused in two ounces and a halfe of vineger of Roses and one ounce of Rose water for onely with the smell of this the spirits are reuiued A restoratiue water Take a Capon or Phesant or a Pertridge the bowels being pulled out and let him be cut into small pieces washed then with Rose water and vineger adde one dragme of Cinamon Of Cloues Ser. ij Manus Christi Cum perlis ℥ ss Succiarantiarum ℥ ij Acetositatis citri ℥ iij. Let all be put into a glasse or into some earthen vessell and let it be boiled with a strong fire in Balneamaria vntill halfe becōsumed then strain it preserue it and drinke thereof twice a day A Cinamon water We make Cinamon water either by distillation the Cinamon being grossely bruised and infused in as much Borrage water or Rose water as shall suffice and so distilled in Bolneamaria Or else we take two dragmes of Cinamon being finely powdred with sine ounces of the best suger being put into a measure of the water of the decoction of Barlie beeing very hotte and so to remaine vntill it bee cold or else with three dragmes of Cinamon one handfull of Barly Reasons of the sunne being washed one ounce Anisseed two drag of white suger Candie two ounces and a halfe running water sixe pints and so let it bee boiled at a gentle fire vntill halfe be consumed and then straine it A water in the opilation of the Liuer and Iaundes Rec. Caponem Deplumatum Et euisceratum being cut into small pieces and boiled and then bruised with the flesh and bones in a morter then adde thereunto Aquaeviolarum Betonicae Endiuiae Lupulorum Cuscutae Sichorijan ℥ iij. Succipomorum Redolentium ℥ iiij ss Decoctionis caponis Macri lib. j. Sandalorum citrimorum Dr. j. Scr. ij Spodij Drag j. Cinamomi Dra. ij Camphorae Gran. v. Let all be put into a vessel of tin close stopt and placed in a vessel of water and so boiled for foure houres space then let it be strained and put the straining into a Lembecke and so distilled by Balnea Marinae A wine against the oppilation of the liuer splene reines and the euils of the bladder Rec. Scolopendriae M. vij Adianti M. iiij Chamae pyteos M. iij. Roris Marinae M. ij ss Cyperi ℥ ss Radicis liquiritiaerasae ℥ ij Rhapontici ℥ j. ss Passularum lib. ss Alkakengi M. iiij ss Let all be put into an earthen vessell well glassed and being close stopped and so let there bee put into a peece of fine linnen of Calamus aromaticus Drag iij. Gariophillarum Drag ij And so let it hang in the vessell in the middest of the wine for foure and twentie houres then distill it by filter as we vse to distill hipocras stil letting the Calamus aromaticus and cloues hang in the vessell A wine that is laxatiue Rec. Fumiterrae M. j. Foliorum scolopend M. ij Fol. senae alexandr ℥ j. Polypodij Drag v. Turbith electi Drag ij Cinamomi Drag j. ss Garyophillorum Scr. iiij Zinziberis Drag j. Rhabarbari cum scrupulo Vno squinanti in petia Ligati Scr. v. Florum violarum Borraginis an M. ss Let all boile in an earthen vessell with three pints of white wine and so let it stand for a night in the morning let it be strained in which shall be dissolued foure ounces of sine white suger one white of an egge and with ij scruples of Cinamon and halfe a dragme of Cloues tied in a peece of fine linnen in the boiling let it be clarisied The dose for those that be of ripe yeares is iiij ounces and a halfe in which may be dissolued fiue scruples or two dragmes of Diaturbith Against the retention of the Menstrus Rec. Baccarum Lauri ℥ ss Roris marini M. ss Granorum Iuniperi num xi Cinamomi fracti Scr. v. Croci integri in petia ligati Gran. v. Let all be boiled in one pinte and a halfe of white wine and let the patient drinke euery morning a good draught hotte against the time that nature seeketh to expell the matter In like manner you may take Trochis de myrrha subt pulu Drag j. in a cup of white wine being warme in the morning fasting Or Rec. Boracis mineralis Dra. ij Cassiae ligneae Scr. ij Croci Graen iij. Let al be made into fine powder and with v. ounces of aqua matricaria Let it be giuen once in a weeke A Diuretic decoction in the stone Rec. Capillorum veneris M. j. ss Crithami marini M. ss Radicum apij remorae an ℥ i. Liquiritiae rasae Drag ij Corticum radicis scolymi ℥ j. ss Seminum saxifragiae Dra. j. ss Damasonij Drag ij Alcacengi num xvij Radicum graminis Drag iij. Let all bee cutte bruised and boiled at a gentle fire in three pints and a halfe of running water vntill the third part be consumed then make a strong expression in which shall be dissolued one ounce and a halfe of syrupe of Violets of fine Rhubarb two ounces then let it be clarified with the white of one egge The dose is ℥ iiij ss A decoction against the strangurie and burning of the Vrin. Rec. Flordei integri M. j ss Liquiritiae Drag j. Seminum anisi Drag ij ss Dactilorum incisorum num v. Sebesten incisorum num xv Let all be boyled in two measures and a halfe of running water in an earthen vessell being glased vntill the barly breake then let it bee strained and take three ounces and a halfe of this decoction Syrupi de papauere ℥ j. Syrupi liquiritiae ℥ ss Pulueris glandum Drag j. Let it bee mixed and giuen at the entrance into bed A Iulep against the Apoplexie and Vertigo Rec. Florum Lauandulae M. j. Violarnm Rosarum Sticados Arabici Origani an M. ss Radicum Poeoniae Acori Pyrethri an ℥ ss Squilla Drag ij Cubebarum Drag j. Cardamomi Cinamoni Gariophillorum an Scr. j. Let all bee boiled in one pint and a halfe of Betony water and one point of Marioran water and let it bee strained
and with seuen ounces of suger make a Iulep according to Art Or if you will you may dissolue in your decoction for your daily vse the syrup of Sticados A pectoral Iulep Rec. Cinamomi Scr. iiij Thymi P. j. Liquiritiae drag j. ss Radicumireos drag ij Enulae drag j. Passularum euucle â„¥ ss Let all bee boiled in a double vessell with eight ounces of fennell water iij. ouÌ„ces of hyssop water half a pint of Scabios water then let it be strained in the straining dissolue 7. ounces of fine suger Cinamomi Scr. ij Gariophilorum Scr. j. Ireos drag ss in Petia ligati boile the Iulep to a thicknes and with the white of an egge let it bee clarified A Cordial Iulep of wine Rec. Vini Rhenensis lib. j. Aquaerosarum â„¥ ij ss Gariophilorum Contus Ser. ij Cinamomi drag ss In petia ligatorum Saccharisim â„¥ iij. Let it bee boiled at a gentle fire to a thicknes of a cleere Iulep let it be giuen in the morning and euening two spoonefuls against swounding A Iulep for the stomack Rec. Foliorum scolopendriae M. iiij Cuscutae M. ss Menthae P. j. Galangae Xyloaloes an drag ss Seminum anisi Scr. ij Gariophilorum drag ij Cinamomi drag j. ss Vini albi lib. j. Aquae absinthij lib. ss Aquae chamomillae â„¥ iij. Let all bee boiled in a double vessel then let it stand for a night afterwards make a strong expression then with v. â„¥ of fuger let it be boyled to the thicknes of a Iulep it is vsed in the paine of the stomack through the oppilation of the entrals and from a cold cause A Iulep in the intollerable paine of the stomack and cholick Rec. Conseruae rosarum â„¥ j. Opij the baici opij gr ij iusti ponderis Croci orientalis gra iij. Let it be dissolued in foure ounces of chamomel water and then strained and drunke three houres before supper It doth extinguish heate and paine of the stomack and colick without any harme it doth also prouoke sleepe especially if the cause proceedeth of heate A Iulep for melancholy a quartan Feuer and the French Poxe Rec. Fumiterrae M. j. ss Scolopendriae Cascutaean M. ss Adianti M. j. Foliorum folliculor Senae Drag vi Polypody â„¥ ss Corticum myrobalanor Indorum Drag ij Paffularum enulcat â„¥ j. Florum borraginis Buglossae an pugil j. Epithymi Drag j. Ellebori nigri Drag ij ss Radicum capparorum Drag ij Let all boile in three pintes of common water to the consumption of the third part then let it stand for two houres and then make a strong expression which shall bee afterwards twice distilled by filter then afterwards with two Scr. of cloues and one dragme and a halfe of cinamond tied in a linnen cloth and with Sacchari â„¥ ij Syrupi de pomis Velregis sabor â„¥ j. ss Let it bee boiled to the thicknes of a cleere Iulep the dose is v. â„¥ and for strong bodies there may be in petia ligati Agarici Drag j. ss Cum duobus scrupulis zinziberis in the last decoction A Iulep for Dysenteria and the bloody fluxe Rec. Rosarum rubearum M. ss Sumach Balaustiarum an drag j. ss Seminum lappatiae Acutae drag j. Myrtillorum drag ij Antherae drag ss Radicum tormâ—ntillae drag ij Let it boile for the space of halfe an houre in one pint of the water of the flowers of the slow tree seuen ouÌ„ces of plantane water then let it stand eight houres and make a strong expression in the which shall bee dissolued one ounce and a halfe of the iuyce of plantane being purified three ounces of fine white suger with two scruples and a halfe of the powder of nutmegs and halfe a dragme of cloues tied in a peece of fine linnen and so boiled to the thicknes of a cleere Iulep A Iulep for the Sciatica goute and paines in the ioynts Rec. Chamaepyteos M. j. ss Asari M. j. Betoniae Chamedrios Sticados Arab. an M. ss Capillorum veneris Rutae an M. j. Turbith alb gumosi drag ij ss Polypodij querc â„¥ ss Foliorum folliculorum Senae sine stipitibus drag vj. Hermodactilorum drag iij. Seminum anisi Faniculi an drag j. Passularum enucleat â„¥ j. Let all boile in three pintes of running water vntill the third part be consumed then let it stand for an houre and make a strong expression which shal be twice distilled by filter in which at the last shal be put of Agarick Scr. iiij Zinziberis Scr. v. Caryophilorum Scr. ij ss Being brused tied in a peece of linnen with three ounces of fine white suger and so againe boiled to the thicknes of a cleere Iulep the dose is â„¥ v. A powder against poison and the Pestilence Rec. Zedoariae Euphorbij Corallinae Tormentillae Gentianae Diptami vulgaris Terrae sigillatae Boli armeni Corallorum rubeorum alborum Spicaenardi Masticis Herbaegaryophillatae Centaurij minoris Sandalorum rubeorum Ossis de corde cerui Camphorae an partes equales Let all bee made into fine pouder of which giue one dragme with the water of sorrel or of wine and sorrel boyled together An experimented powder in the fitte of the falling sicknes Rec. Seminum nigellae Scr. j. gra v. Maioranae gra vj. Nucis muscatae Radicum poeoniae Mumiae an Scr. ss Make all into fine powder and let it be blowne vp into his nostrels For the Vertigo Palsie Apoplexy Scotoma for the memory lost Rec. Radicum acorâ— Pyrethri Poeonia an Drag j. ss Galanga Costi an Drag ss Cileris montani Drag ij Roris marini Drag j. ss Florum saluiae Lauendulae Betonicae an Scr. j. ss Cubebarum Cardamomi Baccarum lauri an Scr. ij Macis Scr j. Nucis muscatae Ganyrphillorum an Drag ss Cinamomi Drag j. Sticados Arab. Foliorum rutae an P. j. Seminum amisi Sem. faeniculi Ameos Caruian Scr. ss Piperis longi Carpobalzami an Scr. j. Let all be mixed and made into a fine powder and with suger dissolued in the waters of maioram and sage make Lozenges or with the syrup of sticados or hony clarified you may make an Electurie Lozenges for the same Rec. Specierum Diambrae scr iiij Cinamomi Drag j. Garyophillorum scr j. Musci gra j. Ambrae gra ij Cubebarum scr ss Pinearum praeparatarum Drag iij. Sacchari â„¥ iij. ss All being made into fine powder and with as much of the Epileptick water before written and rose water as much as shall suffice make Lozenges Lozenges comforting the braine and the heart Rec. Ambrae griseae scr ij Cinamomi Drag ij Sacchari candi â„¥ iij. Aquae rosarum Q. S. make Lozenges they are of a most pleasant tast Lozenges for paine of the head singing of the eares and Vertigo Rec. Nucis muscatae nuâ— i. Cimini Seminum anisi Faeniculi Carui Cubebarum Piperis longi Garyâ—phillorum an Drag i. Pulegij siccâ— Foliorum maioranae an scr i. Specierum diacimini â„¥ ss Mixe all together and make a fine
the eares Sovitus aurium sound and noyse of the cares is for the most part ingendred of a windie vapour or of grosse and clammy humors sometimes it is caused through weakenesse of the members When it doth chance in the recouery of a disease some humour is taken into the sinews of the cares it may be caused also of outward things as of cold heat or a blow on the head Surditas grauis auditus deafnes and slow hearing it doth begin sometimes at ones birth and sometimes afterwards which doth chance either through cholericke humours flying vpwards or through crude and grosse humors stopping the hearing Parotides be inflammations which are wont to issue out in the kernels which be by the eares It is caused of abundance of hot blood which is either mixed with choler or flegme or melancholie and sometimes it is caused of humors compact in the head and sometimes of the rest of the body by sickenesse and especially by feuers CHAP. IIII. Of diseases of the nose OZenae are certaine vlcers in the nose that be deepe and rotten out of the which doth breath a lothsome and stincking sauour the cause is sharpe and rotten humours which flow to the nostrils Profluuio sanguinis ex naribus flux of blood at the nose is caused by a two fold meanes as internall and externall externall as some fall a stripe vehement exercise and tarying in the sunne Inward causes as plenty of blood or thinnes of the same and sometimes great drinking of wine Polypus is a fleshie matter growing in the nostrils like vnto a kind of caruncle Hippocrates doth affirme that it is incurable sometimes it is caused through grosse humours descending to the nostrils and sometimes it ariseth through a melancholicke humour Coryza Read before in the description of Catarrhus CHAP. V. Of the affects of the mouth and teeth Foetor oris stinking of the mouth it is caused for the most part through putrifaction of the gummes or teeth or through meat sticking still in the teeth many times it commeth through hotte distemper of the skinne of the mouth sometimes also through corrupt and rotten humours sticking in the mouth of the stomacke sometimes vlceration of the mouth or lungs is the occasion of the stinking of the breath Acola and apthe are certaine vlcers bredde in the vppermost part of the mouth and haue a certain burning heat some are whitish and some are of a red colour and some are blacke and they are the most perillous they ingender for the most part in infants and sucking children when either the nurses milke is naught or the child cannot wel digest it These vlcers sometimes chance to them that be of perfect age as well through great flux of vitious and corrupt humors to the mouth as also through sharpnes of those things that are eaten and drunke Dolor Dentium the tooth-ach it is caused sometimes through hot or colde distemper sometimes through flowing of humours out of the head vnto the rootes of the teeth which through their sharpenes either doe gnaw about them or else with their abundance they ingender greefe in the teeth as if inflammation be about the fleshy parts Paine in the teeth is sometimes without inflammation of the gummes sometimes in the sinew wherein the rootes be planted Dentes denigrati molles teeth that be black and loose happen through the flowing of vitious humours and sometimes through a stripe or fall sometimes through flowing of moisture which doth loose the sinews and ligaments and so doeth make the teeth loose or else gnawing and weakenes of the gummes in which the teeth are set are the cause of loosenes There are many other infirmities of the teeth and mouth as Apostumes in the tongue inflammations chaps and such like vlcers of the gummes with the excrescence of flesh all which I ouerpasse for breuities sake CHAP. VI. Of the affects of those parts that serue to the voice TVmer vnulae the swelling of the vuula sometimes the vuula is inflamed and sometimes it falleth downe It is caused either of rheume or else of some hot humour but if the vuula doe fall it doth proceed either through great labour or heat or else through great sicknes or weakenes Squinantia or angina it is an Apostume of the throte Hippocrates in 3. prog 17. describeth foure kinds and Celsus doth approue but three kindes and the first kind doeth seldome appeare outward and for the most part is mortall the three other be not so dangerous It is caused through some flux of humours that doe descend from the head to the throte and sometimes it doeth come through euaporations ascending from the stomacke to the throte Bocium the Greekes call it Bronchocelen the Latines call it Hernia gutturis it is a great round tumor in the throte it setleth it selfe between the skin and the sharpe Arterie in the which sometimes grosse flesh is included as it were a kind of humour like vnto hony fatnesse or like to cheese and egges sodden together Tonsillarum inflammatio the inflammation of the Tonsils some doe call them amygdalae the Almonds they are often times inflamed for their places are hotte and moist Those which are most vexed with this euill haue abundance of blood and children and infants which doe sucke through the drawing of the milke sometimes it happeneth to men and women by the drinking of strong wines and through greedie deuouring of meate especially if they bee eager or sharpe sometimes there are vlcerations of the Tonsils which hapneth vnto those that doe abound with vitious humours CHAP. VII Of the affects which are incident vnto the breast and lungs OF the Catarrhe we haue alreadie spoken of in the infirmities of the head Tussis the cough Galen in lib. 1. cap. 2. de symptomatum causis doth affirme that a cold distemper of the instrument of breathing to be the cause of the cough Also a humour distilling from the head to the trachoea arteria and sharpnes onely of the vpper skinne of trachaea arteria going about within doeth prouoke the cough sometimes it is caused through cold or flegme descending vpon the lungs sometimes it happeneth through heate dissoluing the superfluous matter of the braine and so through a catarrhall distillation the cough is excited Asthma is a disease in the which the patient hath difficultie of breathing and it is caused when as grosse and clammie humors in abundance be gotten into the gristles lappats of the lungs or when as there is some swelling like vnto a botch sometimes a pestilent aire and the fumes of quick siluer may be the cause The disease hath a threefold division for first when it is but small and that there is no danger of suffocation at is called Dyspnaea secondly when it doeth grow more vehement and that the patient cannot breath without wheesing or difficultie it is called Asthma thirdly when the patient is not able to lie in his bedde for feare of swounding or suffocating it is