as I have ordered This is what I thought needful to show you concerning the preparation of the â—â—mors before purging lest it might prove prejudicial to Horses which have 〈◊〉 reluctancy and aversion to it and from which if they be not well prepared for it the many times receive great dammage I have here said a little concerning the Purgation of Horses which before 〈◊〉 hath never been treated of by any to the end people might both receive because by it and that I might also by this small Swatch or Pattern give an opportunity 〈◊〉 the Curious to dive deeper into the Medicine and Physick of Horses than hath 〈◊〉 been done hitherto and which is extremly neglected by those that are capâ—â—â— because they absolutly rely upon the skill of such who can scarcely read their 〈◊〉 and therefore do many times loss their Horses by their negligence and ignorâ—â—â— and for lack of a little Reflection and Study CHAP. LXV Of Glysters THe Word Glyster is derived from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies to wash CHAP. LXV Of Glysters from whence it is sometimes called also a Wathing because the Guts are cleansed by the injection that is made into the intestines it is proper for provocking the excretion or voiding of the Excrements to soften their hardness or to correct some intemperature or to abate some great pain or excessive beating of the flanks to expell Wind to stop the immoderate fluxes of the Belly and to kill the worms which are contained in the intestines Glysters also produce a great many other good effects because there is almost no part of the Body which does not receive some relief by them and that by reason of the correspondence that all its parts have with the lower belly or Guts which being fred of their impurities give the more liberty to other parts to discharge themselves of those humors which are prejudicial to them People compose them different wayes and according as they intend to treat the Horse as I shall show you all along the second Part when I discourse of the several Diseases but those which are most in use are the Emollient An Emollient Glyster which are called common Glysters People make a decoction of Mallows March-Mallows Violets Herb Mercury Pellitory of the Wall and Bears-breach causing boyl two or three handfulls of each in three English quarts and a half of water with two ounces of bruised Anniseeds if it be in winter but if it be in the summer then there may be added for cooling the seeds of Cucumbers Gourds Pumpkins Wild-gourds Melons and an ounce or two of Polychrest they afterwards strain all through a cloath and according to their intention add some kind of Electuary to it especially the Catholicum for Horses which is described in the 76 Chap. Sect. 5. of the Second Part or otherwise they make use of Honey or the like Beer or Ale is a decoction ready made in which a man may cause boyl two ounces of the Scorte or refuse of the Liver of Antimony in fine powder or otherways if he intend to make use of Purgatives then Colocynth Sene or any other according to the intention he hath to purge and after having strained the decoction from them he shall then dissolve in it some proper Electuary or other Medicament as he shall think fit However for the conveniency of those who are altogether ignorant of their composition I shall here set down the models of all kinds of Glysters whereby they may be instructed to make any of what nature and operation soever People to expell and drive the wind out of a Horses body A Carminative Glyster make Carminative Glysters of some of the emollient Herbs to which they add Organy or Wila Marjoram Calamint the flowers of Melilot and Camomil of each two handfulls with an ounce and an half of Polychrest in powder they make about two English quarts and a half of a decoction and after having strained it add four ounces of good Oyl of Bays or in place of it two ounces of the Catholicum for Horses or of the Electuary of Bay-Berries an ounce and an half and of all this they compose a Glyster which they administer to their Horse Or in the place of the Electuary of Bay-berries a man may take two ounces of the Oyl of Dill or otherways an English pynt of Emetick Wine in place of either There are many other wayes of composing Carminative Glysters of which I shall give you a description when I discourse of those diseases for which they are proper but particularly where I treat of Colicks occasioned by Wind. Make an ordinary decoction of the Emollient Herbs and Polychrest A purging Glyster then dissolve in two English quarts of what is strained from them an English pynt of Cows Urine being mixed with it two ounces of the Catholicum for Horses and eight ounces of Mercurial Honey and if you will increase its purgative vertue mix with it an English pynt of the infusion of the Liver of Antimony which I shall show you hereafter to make and which is Emetick Seing this Honey is most proper to be given as well in Glysters for the better pâ—â—ging of Horses as in many other preparations I shall therefore here show you iâ— Composition Take three pounds of Herb Mercury well pickt and cleansed wâ—â—â— four pounds of Honey mix and boyl them together now and then skimming theâ—â— until they come to the consistence of a Syrup The Composition of Merurial Honey this being put amongst Glysters wâ— cleanse and purge and people put commonly about eight ounces of it at a time iâ— Glyster or more if they judge it proper there are Books stuffed with the Vertues this Mercurial Honey you may read if you please Renould Bauderon La Franâ—â— siere c. You are to observe That when you intend to purge a horse exactly with Glyster you must put no kind of fat into them because Oyls and Greases adhere to the Vâ—ves or Partitions of the Intestines and so hinder the effect of the purgatives therefore upon the contrary people rather add Common Salt Salt Gem Polychrest or waâ—â— Urine all which prick and irritate the expulsive faculty whence it is that thâ— Countrey Farriers make commonly their Glysters of the Water in which Cod-fish Herring have been steeped which costs but little and because of its saltness causeth horse to empty well To make a Glyster somewhat purgative a man may infuse 〈◊〉 night in a proper decoction an ounce of Sene or otherwayes one or two Colâ—â—yâ—â— Apples cut very small and next morning giving it all a little Boyl shall afterwards strain it to make a Glyster A Glyster to appease a great beating in the Flanks You are to take of the ordinary herbs for decoctions and to put among the◠〈◊〉 or two ounces of Polychrest in powder and in two English quarts of this decoction mix eight ounces of Violet-honey and two three
and were it not for its dearth people might give six or seven Ounces of it to a horse at a time Agarick Attenuats Opens and purges gross Phlegm and also Choler it draws them from the Brain Nerves and Muscles and people might say that it would be one of the best Medicaments we have for horses were it but purgative enough it is sometimes Trochiscated or made into Troches which corrects it and it may be given from four to five Ounces which will however but purge very gently the only ill of this Remedy is that if it be not prepared into Troches it is too gentle Turbith purges but weakly gross viscuous and corrupt Phlegm it draws it from the Remote parts and is corrected with Ginger it may be given from two to four Ounces at most Hermodacts are a kind of Bulbows Roots they purge gently Phlegm visâ—â—â—â—â— Humours and draw them powerfully from the Joints they are corrected 〈◊〉 Spicknard and Cinnamon and may be given from three to four Ounces Mechoacan which is a Root so called from the Country where it groweth 〈◊〉 hath almost the same vertue as Jallap only that it is white whereas the Jallap is black Purges Phlegm and Watery Humours is good for an old Cough Colick 〈◊〉 Farcy it is corrected with Cinnamon Anniseeds and Mastick and its dose is 〈◊〉 Ounces Colocyâ—th or Coloquintida is a very light kind of fruit which purges phlegm 〈◊〉 other gross and viscuous humours from the most remote parts as the Brain Nerâ— Muscles Joynts and Lungs it is excellent for to carry away that vitrified Phleâ— which adheres to the Internal superfice of the Guts which causes violent Coliâ—â— and is a great Enemy to the Stomack and Intestines when it cleaves to them peâ—â—â—â— correct it by making it into Troches called Alâ—andal or with Oyl of Sweet Aâ—â—â—â—â— and Gum Tragacanth This is the common Purgative of the Farriers because it costs but little aâ—â— worketh strongly I have proposed a good preparation for Colocynth as you may in the 23 Chap. Sect. 3. of the 2d Part its Dose is from four to six Drams at 〈◊〉 given either in Butter Lard of Bacon or fresh Swines Seam Opoponax purges viscuous Phlegm from the remote Parts as the Joints howâ—â—â—â— it hath but a gentle operation it is corrected with Spicknard Ginger Cinnamon 〈◊〉 the Roots of Elecampane its Dose is four Ounces Gum-Sagapen or Sagarenum is somewhat of the nature of the preceeding Gum 〈◊〉 more proper for preparing and inciding or attenuating Humors than for purging Euphorbium is the gummy juice of a Tree which purges gross Phlegm and â—ther watry Humours but with such violence that I don't advise any man to give 〈…〉 his Horses inwardly by reason of its excessive Heat unless it be mixed with Cassia 〈◊〉 Example to four Ounces of Cassia add two Drams of prepared Euphorbium To prepare it you are to dissolve it either in distilled Vinegar or in the juice of Limons in Balnâ—â— Mariae or in a panful of warm Water over the fire then while it is warm pass it through a double linnen Cloath and evaporate its humidity 〈◊〉 it be dry its Dose is two or three Drams when it is thus prepared To compose a Remedy that will purge Phlegm you may take of Diacarthâ—â—â— â— Ounce A remedy to purge phlegm Agarick in Troches two Drams Turbith and Hermodacts of each an Ouâ—â—â— Spikenard Cinnamon and Ginger of each a Dram Coloquintida a Dram and 〈◊〉 make all into a Powder and mixing it with an English Quart of White Wine 〈◊〉 it to the Horse A man may also make use of the purging Pills which he will find ready prepâ—â—â—â— in the Apothecaries Shops by giving from one to two Ounces of them the 〈◊〉 which purge Phlegm are Ptlulae coâ—ciae foetidae majores Mesuae de agarico de hiera cum 〈◊〉 de sarcocolla de Colosynthide If your Horse be lean it will be more proper to give him 〈◊〉 purging Electuaries than Pills the Electuaries are the Diaphenicon or Electuary 〈◊〉 Dates the Diacarthamum Benedicta laxativa Nicolai hiera piâ—ra Galeni Electâ—â—â—â— Jndum majus Mesuae the Dose of any of these is from four to six Ounces Noâ— a man may of any number of the foresaid Medicaments which purge Phlegm â—â—pole a purgative Remedy proper for it by either mixing them with the above â—â—â—tioned Pills or Electuaries or other solid Medicaments according to their true 〈◊〉 and his own Judgement CHAP. LXI Of Medicaments which purge Melancholy SEvé possesses the first place amongst purgative Simples CHAP. LXI Of Medicaments which purge Melancholy it is a little Panchamagog or universal Purger the Physicians are so much taken with it that they make it enter into all their purgative Medicaments Fernel a Physician in Paris and one of the most skilful since Galen's time discourses thus of it in the fifth book of his Method Chap. 10. Sené purges very successfully the adust melancholick Humor Bile and gross Phlegm not immediatly from the remote parts but chiefly from the Spleen and other inward Parts from the Hypocondria and the Mesentery which is the real drain or sink of all the Excrements of the Body for there is no other Remedy which draws so powerfully the putrified and corrupt Humors from these parts or which penetrating unto the very cavities of the Veins does so well remove their old obstructions It is corrected with Spikenard Ginger and Cloves c. and its Dose is to four Ounces at most Polypody is rather a preparative than purgative people corrrect it with Liquorice and to assist its tardive Vertue with Ginger Anniseeds and Fennel it is given from eight to ten Ounces but never alone because of it self it hath not strength enough to purge a Horse Black-Hellebor is a root which purges Melancholy and other adust Humors which are opiniater or obstinate and is therefore excellent for Melancholick Constitutions it is corrected by first washing it well with Water then infusing it four hours in strong Vinegar after which it is to be dryed before a gentle fire the Dose is from six Drams to an Ounce and people may add to it Cinnamon Anniseeds and Fennel Lapis Armeniâ—s or the Armenian Stone is a stone found in the Silver-Mines both of Germany and Armenia from which last it hath derived its Name The Painters make use of it it is first beaten into fine Powder and then washt in Rose or Bugloss-waters its Dose is from four to five Ounces Lapis Lazuli or the Azure Stone is much of the nature of the former and hath the same vertues A remedy to purge Melancholy To compose a remedie which will purge Melancholy Take of the leaves of Sem an Ounce and a half Black-hellebor washt in Vinegar two Drams Crystal of Tartar half an Ounce Lapis Armenius washt six Drams Anniseeds Fennel and Cinnamon of each a Dram and a half beat all coursly and make a drench of it in an English
of the Rheum appear of a faint yellow Colour below and almost never above This being suppos'd as 't is certainly true 't is plain that by cutting out this kernelly Flesh you take away the Receptacle of the Humours which therefore must take another course and fall upon the Neighbouring Parts such as the musculous Flesh less tender and delicate than the Eye where Nature will be sufficiently able to digest and concoct ' em And from what has been said you may reasonably conclude that this Operation can only preserve the Eye in its present Condition but not restore it to its former Perfection Besides when you take up the Eye-Vein you may cut the Nerve that lies under it for the Reasons alledg'd before How to cleanse the Eye above To perform this Operation you must cut the Skin in the middle of the hollow part above the Eye with a Launce and with a Hook pull out the Fat which is contain'd in that part and may be easily separated from it After you have taken out the quantity of a Walnut wash the Wound with warm Wine and fill the empty space with fine Flax smear'd with Aegyptiacum tying it on with two threads fasten'd to the Lips of the Wound Dress the Sore every day with warm Wine and Aegyptiacum till it be heal'd and in the mean time great care must be taken to preserve it from the least blast of Wind which might produce dangerous Consequences But after all I never found this Operation beneficial to the Eyes and therefore I slight it as much as I esteem the other Since all Men are not fond of Knives and Launces I shall proceed to describe other Remedies for Moon-Eyes among which Purgation is usually reckon'd which must not be administer'd till the Eye be wholly freed from the Rheum for otherwise it will do more harm than good Pills for Lunatic or Moon-Ey'd Horses Take of fine or bright Aloes two Ounces Agaric half an Ounce Troches Alhandal which is a Preparation of Coloquintida three Drams If the Horse be of a middle size this Dose will be sufficient to purge him but if he be large you must add another Dram of the Troches Alhandal Reduce all the Ingredients to a gross Powder and mix 'em with a handful of Betony-Leaves beaten and a Pound of fresh Butter Make up the Mass into Pills of the bigness of a Tennis-Ball which you must give the Horse in Wine and walk him half an hour after Or without giving your self the trouble to prepare a Medicine expresly for that purpose you may make use of Pilulae Aureae or Lucis of which you must give at least two Ounces having injected a Purging Clyster the day before And since Aloes is the true Purgative for Horses and enters into the Composition of all those Pills it will not be improper to subjoin the following Preparation of it which must not be esteem'd the worse because 't is common The Preparation of Aloes Take of the best clear Aloes which is finer than the Succotrin reduc'd to Powder four Ounces Infuse pale Rose-Leaves in Water four and twenty Hours then strain out the Water and add fresh Rose-Leaves and repeat the Infusion three several times Sprinkle your Aloes with this Water and dry it in the Shade moisten and dry it a second and third time after which 't is duly Prepar'd It will be better if you wash it with Juice of Damask-Roses both which Preparations are known by the name of Aloes Rosata The Aloes thus Prepar'd will produce the desir'd effect in a less quantity It purges and strengthens the Stomach and the Brain and resists the Corruption of the Humours for which reason 't is usually made the Base of Purging Pills Tho' Aloes is render'd more effectual and much improv'd by this Preparation nevertheless I propose it only for the satisfaction of the Curious For if you can procure fine and clear Aloes it will purge your Horse certainly and safely and I know no better Purgative than this nor any so agreeable to the Nature of a Horse Agaric by being reduc'd to Troches is freed from two defects it s too great lightness which hinders it from falling to the bottom of the Stomach and its slowness in Operation Nevertheless 't is frequently given to Horses without any Preparation 'T is prepar'd with Malmesy and Ginger After Purgation you must wait till the Twentieth day of the Moon and then proceed to the use of the Cautery or Fire if the Eyes be pretty clear CHAP. XXXV How to Cauterize or burn the Parts above the Eyes ON or about the Twentieth Day of the Moon draw a Line with a Red-hot Knife from one Ear to the other under the Head-stall of the Bridle to conceal the Mark left by the burning and draw the Knife backwards and forwards till the Line it makes be of a Cherry-colour then burn a Star over the Eye-Veins without piercing the Flesh for the Scar would never wear out After the Scab is fall'n off bathe the Sore with Aqua-Vitae Morning and Evening and tho' you neither apply Pitch nor Butter there will seldom remain any Scar But if you pierce the Skin you must bathe the part every Morning and Evening with Aqua-Vitae mixt with Honey I have seen Moon-Ey'd Horses cur'd by this way of burning And the worst that can happen is that you may preserve one Eye by putting out the other For if both the Eyes be subject to this Infirmity the visual Spirits of that which is lost retire to the other and strengthen it And besides you may preserve the Eyes for some time by taking up the two Veins in the Neck call'd the Jugulars All Lunatic and Moon-Ey'd Horses at last grow Blind unless that Disaster be prevented by the Methods above prescrib'd or by putting out one Eye which must be thus perform'd Thrust a threaded Needle into the worst Eye making the Point come out in the part opposite to that where it enter'd and leave the Thread hanging at it seven or eight days during which time the Eye will continually cast forth Water till it grow dry Then take out the Thread and by degrees the visual Spirits which pass to the other Eye will strengthen and preserve it from the like Infirmity and the pierc'd Eye will be dry'd up I have seen a Horse who had an Eye of Enamel or Glass put in the place of one of his Eyes which had been put out ot preserve the other This is a hereditary Distemper and therefore great care must be taken to chuse Stallions that have good Eyes It may be also occasion'd by the Foal's eating Oats with his Dam when he is but one Year Old or younger for by their straining and endeavouring to chew the Oats the Veins above and about their Eyes are stretch'd and distended and consequently draw too much Blood to those Parts which by the too great quantity of Nourishment are heated and render'd obnoxious to Defluxions either to that kind which
Fellow may hurt the great Gut with his Nails the safest way is to thrust a large Tallow Candle or rather a Piece of Soap into his Fundament which will be quickly dissolv'd and bring out with it the Excrements contain'd in the great Gut When you have either taken out or rotted the Vives an hour after you have given the above-mention'd Draught it will be convenient to administer the following Clyster to divert the Defluxion and make an entire Revulsion A Clyster for the Vives Boil five Pints of Beer with an Ounce and a half of Sal Polychrest in fine Powder remove it from the fire add two Ounces of Oil of Bay and inject it blood-warm If Beer cannot be had take equal Quantities of Wine and Water Another Take the five opening Roots of each one handful beat 'em grosly and boil 'em in three Quarts of Water for a quarter of an hour add the softening Herbs Mallows Violets herb-Mercury and Pellitory of the Wall of each one handful boil 'em again as before then strain out the Liquor and add a Pint of Emetic Wine or the same quantity of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum Honey of the Herb-Mercury half a Pound fresh Butter four Ounces Oil of Rue describâ—d in the CXXXIId Chapter two Ounces Make a Clyster to be injected after you have rak'd your Horse Or you may make a very good Clyster by boiling two Ounces of Liver of Antimony in fine Powder over a strong fire for half a quarter of an hour in a common Decoction then strain out the Liquor and add half a Pound of Honey and a quarter of a Pound of Oil. Another Remedy for the Vives Give your Horse an Ounce of Orvietan or rather of Treacle in a Quart of Red-Wine or in a Pint of Aqua-Vitae if the Disease be violent and at the same time prepare a Clyster of the softening Herbs with an Ounce and a half of Liver of Antimony in Powder adding to the strainâ—d Liquor two Ounces of Orvietan or the same quantity of Treacle with a quarter of a Pound of fresh Butter Thus you must give Treacle both above and below and you will â—arely meet with any Instance of this Distemper that will not yield to this Remedy You will find in the XLVIIIth Chapter the Description of a Remedy compos'd of the Spirits of Nitre and Wine distill'd together till they be thorowly united which is very useful in this Case if it be administer'd according to the Directions prescrib'd in that Chapter All Horses have a sort of Knob like a Chesnut hard as Horn above the Knees and under the Hams cut off a little of this and casting it into a Chafing-Dish make a Horse receive the Fume of it at his Nose covering his Head with a Bag. CHAP. XXXIX Of the Colic Fret or Gripes THis Disease is occasion'd by the Sharpness of the Humours which boil and ferment in the Entrails by reason of some Salt and Spirituous Liquor that falls into those Parts and sometimes it proceeds from Wind or Crudities which Nature is not able to digest You may conclude that a Horse is troubl'd with this Distemper when he tumbles tosses lies down and starts up again suddenly for tho' it may attack a Horse that is not troubl'd with the Vives yet the Vives never appear without the Colic It will not be improper to give a large Account of this Distemper since 't is not only dangerous but sometimes fatal to Horses Clysters are very effectual in this Case especially one sort of 'em which shall be particularly describ'd To accommodate my Discourse to the Capacity of the Reader I shall divide the Colic into several Kinds according to the various Causes from which it may proceed and after the Description of every kind subjoin its proper Remedies Qui bene distinguit bene docet CHAP. XL. Of the First Kind of Colic I Shall first consider that sort of Colic which is occasion'd by eating too much Provender for the Stomach being unable to digest so large a quantity of Food is fill'd with Crudities which in a manner stifle the natural Heat tho' not without a considerable Struggle which raises windy Vapours that either fall upon the Guts or remain in the Stomach causing violent Pains in whatever part they attack This defect of Digestion rarely proves Mortal unless as it has been sometimes observ'd the Horse be so gluttonous as to eat till he burst when he meets with a convenient Opportunity A great quantity of Rye eaten unboil'd is apt to occasion these Pains by reason of its Windiness Wheat is not so dangerous because more easily digested Beans that are usually given to Horses to fatten 'em breed this Distemper if they be eaten in too great abundance and the same effect is produc'd by too large a quantity of Oats eaten at one time The Cure of this sort of Colic is perform'd by assisting Nature to digest the Aliments after you have empty'd the Guts with a convenient Clyster for you must never give Vomits to Horses because instead of easing them they overturn the whole Oeconomy of Nature and never procure Vomiting The Clyster must be compos'd of a Decoction that is endu'd with a vertue to discuss Wind to which you must add a Quart of Emetic Wine or a convenient quantity of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum Assoon as the Clyster is rejected make the Horse drink a Pint of Aqua-Vitae with an Ounce of Treacle and as much Saffron as you can lift with the ends of your Fingers If the Distemper continue after the use of these Remedies walk him abroad in his Cloaths without suffering him to lie down and after you have put him up in the Stable hold a Warming-Pan full of live Coals under his Belly for a quarter of an hour or half an hour keeping him well cover'd Since Orvietan is not always to be had it will not be improper to give a faithful description of it for it may be profitably given to Men to Horn'd Cattle and especially to Horses It must be prepar'd by a skilful Apothecary CHAP. XLI Of Orvietan TAke of Sage Rue Rosemary and Goat's-Rue of each one handful Carduus Benedictus Dittany of Crete Roots of Masterwort Bohemian Angelica Bistort Birthwort round and long white or bastard Dittany Galingal Gentian Costmary Aromatic-reed and Parsley-seed of each one Ounce Bay-berries and Juniper-berries of each half an Ounce Cinnamon Cloves and Nutmeg of each three Drams Seal'd Earth prepar'd with Vinegar and old Treacle of each one Ounce Powder of Vipers four Ounces Walnuts cleans'd and dry'd Crum of Wheat-Bread dry'd of each eight Ounces clarifi'd Honey seven Pounds Make an Electuary according to Art Chop the Walnuts and beat 'em with the Bread then strain 'em thro' a Searce turn'd upside down adding the Powders and other Ingredients and at last the Treacle and Honey which serve instead of Leven to ferment the rest This is the exact description of Orvietan which I dare warrant
Strugglings which produce those cruel and intolerable Pains that accompany this Disease The Horse endeavours in vain to dung he sweats in the Flank and Ears and when he voids any Excrements they are in little quantity and for the most part only Phlegm that cannot be separated from the Guts without Pain after which he has a moment of Ease and seems to be perfectly cur'd but his Torments return in an instant During the raging Violence of the Pain the Horse frequently lies down and suddenly starts up again he looks upon his Flanks and refuses to eat If he be also assaulted by a Fever he is in great danger of being over-power'd by so unequal a Force unless by the Application of timely Remedies the Beating or Heaving of his Flank be asswag'd This Distemper is often preceded by a Looseness which lasts a whole day and carries off all the gross Excrements in the Horse's Body but the tough and glewy Humours stick to the Guts and do not quit their hold so soon nor at last without a great deal of Pain REMEDIES Take two Quarts of Milk or of Tripe-Broth Oil-Olive and fresh Butter of each four or five Ounces the Yolks of six Eggs and two or three Ounces of Sugar Mix 'em for a Clyster which allays the Sharpness of the Humours but removes not the Cause and therefore must be repeated every three hours adding two Ounces of good Diaphoretic Antimony to dissolve the rebellious and stubborn Humours All Purgatives given at the Mouth are hurtful for they encrease the Agitation of the Humours redouble the Pain by violently plucking away the tough Slime flay the Guts add new Torments to a Part that was hardly able to support those it suffer'd before and cannot be administer'd without endangering the Horse's Life and besides they do not begin to operate till four and twenty hours after they are taken during which time the Horse either dies or recovers And therefore instead of purging Medicines that are usually prescrib'd in this Case I advise you to have recourse to Clysters which must be often repeated and chang'd according to the various Circumstances of the Disease for sometimes you must give a softening Clyster to asswage the Pain sometimes add Antimonium diaphoreticum to melt the Humours and if the Distemper be of long continuance inject one of Milk or Tripe-Broth It will also be convenient to give the following Mixture at several times take Oil of Roses and common Oil of each one Pound fine Sugar eight Ounces rose-Rose-water a Pint Mix 'em and pour a Glass-full down his Throat with a Horn every three hours This easie and familiar Remedy will open and scour the Guts cut the thick Humours allay the Pain and by its Slipperiness gliding thro' the Intestines qualifie the Sharpness and Heat of the Humours After every Dose walk the Horse gently a quarter of an hour without heating him lest the Humours be further enrag'd When you perceive that the Horse is freed of his Pain feed him with Bran seven or eight days after which since this Distemper is only appeas'd but not perfectly cur'd you must endeavour to remove the Cause and expel those Impurities from whence the Colic proceeds by a convenient Purgation The following Oil is endu'd with a peculiar Virtue to drive out the tough and glassy Phlegm that occasion'd all the above-mention'd Disorders in the Intestines CHAP. XLVI An excellent Purging Oil. THE administring of purging Medicines to a Horse is one of the hardest parts of a Farrier's Task and therefore I thought my self oblig'd to use the utmost Diligence and Application to find out a safe and successful Method of Purgation but notwithstanding all my Endeavours to prevent the Inconveniencies that attend the Use of those Medicines I observ'd an extreme Repugnancy in the Nature of Horses to yield to their Operation and I found by Experience that purgative Remedies are succeeded by such an universal Disorder in the Oeconomy of Nature that the Horse cannot be restor'd to his wonted Temper for a considerable time afterwards I will not trouble my Reader witha particular Account of those Inconveniencies but content my self with assuring him that I have seen more Horses than one kill'd by purging Remedies that had been successfully administer'd to others for want of a due Preparation of their Bodies according to that Maxim of Hippocrates Concocta medicamentis aggredi oportet movere non cruda I shall treat of this Preparation in a more convenient place and now proceed to acquaint you that I have seen some Horses founder'd by the Use of Purgatives and others continue to purge ten Days and as many Nights during which time they were in perpetual danger and those who tended 'em and I my self sometimes were forc'd to pour down their Nourishment with a Horn. So many unsuccesful Trials have taught me Circumspection and I never purge a Horse without fear tho' Necessity often obliges us to make use of those Remedies and a due observance of the true Method of administring 'em may prevent their fatal Consequences I have consider'd these things with the utmost Attention and after a careful Examination of all Circumstances I find Van Helmont's Opinion to be very reasonable and I 'm persuaded that his Arguments are infinitely more convincing than all that had been urg'd by others before him But since I am not Master of a sufficient Stock of Learning to explain his Maxims and reduce 'em to Practice and cannot attempt to overturn the receiv'd Method of Practising Physic without invading a Province that does not belong to me I must even content my self with following the Multitude till some Person of greater Judgment and Authority shall undertake the Reformation of Medicine by extirpating all Purgatives and substituting some powerful Diaphoretic in their stead which may produce the same Effects we expect from the others and destroy that preternatural Heat which is the Root of all these Disorders However I thought my self indispensably oblig'd to enquire into the safest Methods of Purging Horses and I 'm convinc'd that the following Oil is one of the most proper Remedies hitherto known to move a Horse's Belly without Disturbance Take Oil-Olive three Pounds Claret-Wine a Pint Pulp of Coloquintida five Ounces Flower of Lin-seed an Ounce and a half three Lilly-Roots cut into round slices Missleto of the Apple-Tree beaten an Ounce Cammomil-flowers a handful Put all the Ingredients into a Pot cover'd exactly with another somewhat less and lute the Junctures of the Vessels with Clay temper'd with a little Hair or Wool after the Clay is dry'd boil the whole Composition gently till the Wine be consum'd that is eight or ten hours then remove it from the Fire and when 't is half cold strain it thro' a Linnen Cloth and give one half luke-warm to the Horse for the whole quantity is sufficient to purge two Horses but if he be naturally hard to be wrought upon by purging Medicines give him more of it afterwards
by reason of its excellent Virtues but because Horses are frequently seiz'd with the Colic at a distance from any place where they may have Assistance and at unseasonable Hours If you suspect that the Disease is occasion'd by Worms since many are possess'd with groundless Prejudices against Mercurius dulcis I shall propose another Remedy which will produce the same Effect but I must first acquainnt you that you may infallibly kill all the Worms in a Horse's Body by giving him an Ounce and a half of the above-mention'd Powder mix'd with half an Ounce of Mercurius dulcis If this Preparation of Mercury cannot be had or if you be afraid to use it you may give the following Purgative above two days at least after the Fit is over A Purging Medicine to destroy Worms Take of fine Aloes an Ounce Coloquintida and Agaric of each three Drams Turbith half an Ounce Mix 'em all in a gross Powder with an Ounce of the Powder describ'd in the beginning of this Chapter and give the whole to your Horse with a quarter of a Pint of the Gail of an Oxe and a Quart of White-Wine then cover him well and walk him for a quarter of an hour This Medicine will both purge the Horse and kill the Worms that are in his Body Eight Hours after the taking of this Remedy give him a Clyster of Cow's-Milk Whey or Tripe-Broth adding half a Pound of clarifi'd Honey with the Yolks of six Eggs to allure the Worms to the straight Gut You must not give this Medicine to a Horse that is naturally squeamish and apt to forsake his Meat for 't is only proper for great Eaters Neither must you give it to those that are troubl'd with Worms during the Fit of the Colic but two or three days afterwards as I intimated before A Powder for the Colic If you have not the above-mention'd Powder ready made you may prepare another of common Parsley-Roots dry'd in the Shade two Pounds Grains of Paradise and Barks of Oranges dry'd and reduc'd to Powder of each one Pound Pigeon's Dung half a Pound Beat all the Ingredients to a gross Powder mix and keep it in a Leathern Bag well tied The Dose is an Ounce or two Ounces for a large Horse in a Quart of Wine then cover him well and walk him gently This is a good and cheap Remedy and more easily prepar'd than the first Another Remedy for the Colic This is an excellent Remedy but 't is only fit to be propos'd to those who are willing to spare no Pains for the preservation of their Horses And besides it must be prepar'd by one that is curious and is not altogether unlearned Take of Spirit of Nitre about half a Pound pour it drop by drop upon a like quantity of the best Spirit of Wine to prevent too violent an Ebullition after the agitation ceases put the whole Liquor in a Cucurbit with its Head and Receiver and distil with a gentle Sand-heat cohobating four times that is repeating the distillation of that which comes over into the Recipient four several times after which the Spirits will be united and if you taste 'em you will perceive that they have lost their Acidity and become Sweet Give your Horse a Dram and a half or two Drams of this Spirit of Nitre dulcifi'd in White-Wine and an Ounce and a half or two Ounces of it in an ordinary Clyster This is a cheap sure and durable Remedy and any Apothecary that has the least Tincture of Chymistry may prepare it Another If you have try'd several Remedies in vain as Bleeding Clysters Treacle Orvietan and others give your Horse two stinking Pills in a Pint of Wine and an Hour after a Clyster If the Pain still continue give him two Pills more in another Pint of Wine and if need require repeat the Dose a third time interposing the same space of time as between the first and second But you must not begin with this Remedy as I have seen some do with ill success Only you may give it after some of those Medicines I have prescrib'd have been unsuccessfully us'd CHAP. XLIX Of the Fifth Kind of Colic HOrses are very frequently troubl'd with this kind of Colic in which they cannot Stale or Piss 't is occasion'd either by Obstructions in the neck of the Bladder and Urinary Passage or by an Inflammation of the Bladder or tho' very rarely by Sand or Gravel This is a very dangerous Distemper and without timely assistance Mortal by reason of the violent Pains caus'd by the stoppage of Urine You may know it by these Signs the Horse lies down and rises tumbles and offers to Stale but cannot oftentimes his Body swells and sometimes he Sweats about the Flanks You must begin the Cure with a Clyster prepar'd with the five opening Roots and Sal Polycrest proceeding as you were directed in the Forty third Chapter Or thus A Clyster to provoke Urine Take the Decoction of the five softening Herbs viz. Mallows Marsh-Mallows Mercury Violet-Leaves and Pellitory of the Wall with an Ounce of Grommel-Seed in Powder Strain and add half a Pound of common Turpentine dissolv'd in the Yolks of six Eggs three Ounces of the Oil for Clysters describ'd in the Forty fourth Chapter or for want of that of common Catholicum Inject the whole by way of Clyster after you have walk'd your Horse half an hour If you put the Turpentine into the Water before you beat it with Yolks of Eggs it will grow hard as a Stone and communicate no Virtue to the Clyster But to avoid the trouble of dissolving it you may mix two Ounces of Spirit of Turpentine with the Clysters which provokes Urine more effectually Assoon as the Clyster is rejected give your Horse two Ounces of Powder of Colâ—phony in a Pint of White-Wine then walk him and he will certainly Stale Or Boil two Ounces of Anni-seed in a Quart of Water add the weight of a Crown of Wood-Lice in Powder and give it luke-warm This is an easie Remedy and does not heat the Horse If all these Remedies prove in effectual anoint his Sheath and Stones with Garlick beaten and mixt with Oil-Olive that is take five or six Heads of Garlick beat 'em and make an Ointment with a sufficient quantity of Oil with which rub his Sheath and Stones If he be a Gelding let his Yard be drawn gently out of the Sheath and after all the Filth is wash'd off with luke-warm Water rub the whole outside of the Sheath with the Mixture of Garlic and Oil which will give him a desire to Stale if he can for some Horses have an Inclination to Piss but cannot If this Application do not provoke Urine mix Powder of Wood-Lice dry'd without burning and reduc'd to the form of an Ointment with Oil and anoint as before after which the Horse will Stale A Quart of Emetic White-Wine given with a Horn will certainly make the Horse Piss if he be walk'd after it both
of Remedies you are at last oblig'd to give the Fire but since some Men will not be perswaded of the incredible effects of this Remedy and others cannot procure it when they have occasion to use it I shall communicate the description of an Ointment for Wounds that will advance the Cure more in one Day than other Ointments do in a considerable space of Time CHAP. CV The Hermit's Ointment for Wounds in Horses TAke the green Leaves of Long-Birthwort Paul's-Betony and Sage of each a handful and half Sanicle one handful Roots of Marsh-mallows and Comfrey dry'd in the Shade of each an Ounce slice the Roots very small and boil 'em in a Skillet with a Pint of Cream for the space of a quarter of an Hour after which add the Leaves chopt small and boil 'em so long till you can perceive nothing in the Skillet but a pure Butter produc'd by the boiling of the Cream then strain it out into a Pot and put into the same Skillet a quarter of a Pound of the Lard of a Hog fed with Acorns cut into Slices and mixt with the remaining Herbs and Roots boil all together about a quarter of an Hour and strain out the melted Lard upon the Butter in the next place boil two Ounces of Oil-Olive in the Skillet with the same Herbs and Roots for the space of a quarter of an Hour and strain it out into the Pot with the Butter and melted Lard after which squeeze out all the Juice and Fat of the Herbs and Roots in the same Pot and while they are still hot add an Ounce of melted Tar and an ounce and a half of Burnt-Allom in Powder incorporating the whole Mass and stirring it till it be cold When you have occasion to apply this Ointment melt a little of it in a Spoon and with a soft Pencil anoint the Wound very lightly covering it gently with Flax or Powder of old Ropes and renewing the Application once a Day The Wound will be quickly heal'd by this Method if Nature the principal Operator assist the efficacy of the Remedy by Sodering Gluing Nourishing Preserving and Restoring the Part to its proper Temperament and Condition Besides the Application of the Ointment you must consider diligently whether there be any unnatural or extraneous Substance in the Wound which must be taken out and if you perceive Excrescencies of spongy Flesh you must either give the Fire or consume 'em with White-Vitriol dissolv'd in Spirit of Wine which is of admirable use in this case and after the Scab is fall'n or rather the Swelling asswag'd apply the Ointment If you have occasion to cleanse any part in the Wound which you cannot see and dare not burn for fear of hurting the Sinews you may use the following Water which is an admirable Cleanser Lime-Water or the Yellow-Water Those who love to disguise Trifles with hard and lofty Names call this the Phagedenical-Water You may easily prepare it thus Take two or three Pounds of unslak'd Lime newly made put it into a large Bason of fine Tin and pour upon it by degrees five Quarts of Rain-Water then set the Bason in a convenient place for two Days stirring the Water often after which suffer the Lime to fall to the bottom pour off the Water by inclination strain it thro' brown Paper and to three Pints of it add half a Pint of good Spirit of Wine an Ounce of Spirit of Vitriol and as much Corrosive Sublimate in fine Powder Mix and preserve it for use in a Glass-Vial If you perceive a great deal of Corruption in the Wound or any appearance of a Gangrene add to the whole quantity of the Water an Ounce of Arsenic diminishing the Dose proportionably according to the quantity of the Water I shall take this occasion to give a brief Account of the signs and cure of a Gangrene Of a Gangrene A Gangrene may be consider'd in two different respects for in its Progress 't is only a tendency to Mortification whereas it ends in a Sphaceâ—â—s or confirm'd Mortification The signs of it are a sudden loss of Sense and consequently an insensibility of Pain lividness and afterward blackness of the Part affected a noisome Smell resembling that of a dead Carcass and an extraordinary softness in the Part that was before hard and distended The Cure of a confirm'd Gangrene is impossible and ought not to be attempted but while 't is in the beginning and even in its progress the Case is not altogether desperate As soon as you perceive any part of a Wound to be seiz'd with a Gangrene you must immediately scarifie it to the quick with your Fleam wash it with Sea or Salt-Water and cover the whole Wound with Flax steep'd and soak'd in the strongest Lime-Water dressing it twice a Day after the same manner A Detergent and Cleansing Water for a Gangrene If the Lime-Water be too weak you may prepare another thus Take crude Allom one Pound German-Copperas grosly beaten half a Pound Verdigrease in fine Powder three Ounces boil all together in a Gallon of strong Vinegar to the consumption of one half then without straining the Liquor reserve it for use in a Glass-Vial The use of this Water is the same with that of Lime-Water shake the Bottle as often as you have occasion to apply the Liquor and if after the first Application you find that it is too weak add two Ounces of strong Aqua-Fortis to each Quart shaking 'em well together Another cleansing-Cleansing-Water Take very strong White-Wine two Pints and a half Aqua-vitae half a Pint Spirit of Vitriol two Ounces mix them in a Glass-Bottle capable of containing two Quarts and an Hour after add two Ounces of Verdigrease in fine Powder White-Vitriol four Ounces and Green Copperas one Pound the two last grosly beaten stop the Bottle very close with a Cork and Hog's-Bladder then let it stand in Infusion on hot Embers twenty four Hours shaking it every six Hours after which preserve it for use shaking it every time and applying it according to the Directions prescrib'd for the use of Lime-Water It may be kept three Months without losing its Virtue The greatest simple Wound may be quickly cur'd by a prudent and diligent observation of the Method and Directions prescrib'd in this and the preceding Chapters When a Horse's back is Gaul'd during a Journey the best way is to take out a little of the stuffing of the Pannel over the Swelling then sow a piece of white and very soft Leather on the inside of the Pannel anoint it with Salt-Butter and every Evening wipe it clean rubbing it till it grow soft and anointing it again with Butter or for want of that with Grease Wash the Swelling or Hurt every Evening with cold Water and Soap and strew it with Salt till the Horse be Sadl'd in the Morning The Sea-rush that is usually wrapt about Glasses that are brought in Chests from Venice is of admirable efficacy for the cure of Saddle-Gauls during
Schmit's or the Doctor 's Ointment using your utmost Diligence to prevent a Gangrene in the Summer for during the Winter Wounds are not so much subject to that fatal inconveniency Lapis Mirabilis is good to resist Corruption as also the above-mention'd Vulnerary-Water and for want of that the Yellow-Water but the Spirits of Vitriol or Salt are better besides several others all these Remedies ought to be apply'd in case of Necessity when the Matter that runs out appears of a Black Colour which is one of the greatest signs of Corruption If you cannot stop the Blood after the opening of an Abscess sear the part for besides the conveniency of stanching the Flux of Blood the falling away of the Scab will promote the Cure and at last when 't is time to compleat the Cure the regular application of the Hermit's Ointment will quickly perform the Work An excellent Digestive Take fine Turpentine and Honey of each two Ounces the Yolks of four Eggs half an Ounce of Myrrh and an Ounce of Alloes in Powder mix all the Ingredients cold and you will have a Digestive that hinders the Corruption of the Flesh and takes away all the Pain occasion'd by the violence of the preceding Remedies The usual Digestive of Farriers is compos'd of Turpentine incorporated with the Yolks of Eggs to the thickness of an Ointment of a pale Citron Colour which is a good Remedy but inferior to the former When the Wound appears fair and clean and fit to be clos'd you may apply several sorts of Ointments That which follows is esteem'd good and is thus prepar'd The Hunter 's Ointment for deep Wounds Tho' I have already communicated the description of the Hermit's Ointment which is one of the most effectual Remedies for Wounds and cures 'em very speedily without the least ill Accident I thought fit also to insert that which follows since 't is a good easie and cheap Remedy Take Hog's Grease and Oil-Olive of each one pound melt the Grease in the Oil and after they have boil'd a little add two handfuls of the fresh Roots of Sharp-pointed Dock beaten and slic'd small Continue to boil for the space of half an Hour stirring from time to time after which add two handfuls of Self-heal and boil half an Hour longer then squeeze the Substances thro' a Linen Cloth in a Press and throwing away the Dreggs put the strain'd Liquor in a Bason over a gentle Fire with a pound of common Turpentine and as soon as they begin to incorporate add four Ounces of Verdigreese reduc'd to a fine Powder boiling and stirring 'em over a slow Fire then remove the Vessel from the Fire and add two Ounces of Borax beaten very small and six Ounces of unslak'd Lime in very fine Po wder stirring 'em till they be quite cold This Ointment will be of a lovely Green Colour When you have occasion to use it apply it cold to the Wounds and strew 'em with the Powder of old Ropes powdering the Tents with the same It cleanses heals consolidates and cicatrizes the Wound without hurting it Experience will convince you of its Excellency CHAP. CX Of Waters for Gun-Shot Wounds or Vulnerary Potions 'T IS not always convenient to make large Incisions in Gun-shot Wounds especially in the Army during the Heat of the Summer where there are no places to shelter the Horses either from the Sun or from Flies To discover the bottom and depth of these Wounds you must search them with a long Iron Probe placing the Horse in the same posture he was in when he receiv'd the Shot The Wounds by a Musquet Bullet are usually so deep that 't is impossible to reach the bottom of 'em with Ointments or Powders and therefore 't was necessary to invent certain Remedies in form of VVaters to be injected several times a day There is also a moistn'd Tent put into the Wound to keep it open the Hole is covered with a wet Linnen Cloth and half a pint of the same VVater is given inwardly to the Horse once a day Thus several Wounds are happily cur'd that wou'd have certainly prov'd fatal without the assistance of these Remedies 'T is true this Method is not always attended with success but at least a man has the satisfaction of thinking that his Horse did not perish by his neglect If the Horse be seiz'd with a Fever you must administer Clysters prepar'd with the Scoriae of Antimony and abstain from the inward use of the above-mention'd VVaters which are compos'd of hot Ingredients and wou'd consequently augment the heat and agitation of the humours and precipitate 'em on the wounded part But 't is frequently observ'd that very large Wounds in Horses are not accompany'd with a Fever nor must we condemn these Medicines for Horses tho' the use of 'em be almost intirely abolish'd for Men unless among the Switzers where they are still in great Credit A Simple Water for Gun-shot Wounds Take an Ounce and a half of the Raspings of round Birth-wort put it into a new Varnish'd Pot with three Quarts of small White-Wine and boil 'em over a gentle Fire to the consumption of a Quart then add six Ounces of fine Sugar and as soon as that is melted remove the Vessel from the Fire and strain out the Liquor Make the Horse drink half a Pint of this Water or rather Wine every Morning and wash or syringe the Wound with it twice every Day Another more Compound Take the Leaves of Comfrey Self-heal Speedwel and Sow-Bread slic'd small of each two handfuls Crab's-Eyes in fine Powder four Ounces put 'em into a Stew-Pot with four Quarts of the thinnest White-Wine lute on the Cover exactly and set the Pot on a gentle Fire Digest three Days after which boil half and Hour and strain out the Water or rather Wine Make the Horse drink half a Pint of it every Morning keeping him Bridl'd two Hours before and as long after wash and syringe the Wound with it and apply Tents moistenâ—d in the same Liquor This Water is more effectual than the former Another Take Mace Crab's-Eyes and Zedoary of each half an Ounce Mummy and Galingal of each three Drams Nux Vomica two Drams and half beat 'em grossly and put 'em into a large and strong Glass-Bottle slightly stopt with three Quarts of White-Wine Digest six Hours in a moderate Heat and without stirring the Iâ—quor pour out a large Glass-full every Morning to give the Horse and wash or syringe the Wound twice every twenty four Hours If this Water be too dear for a Horse it cannot be thought too chargeable for Men. A Compound Wine for curing Wounds in a Horse This Composition is more easily prepar'd and less chargeable than the former I shall insert the Names of several Vulnerary Simples that you may choose such of 'em as can be most easily procur'd but the more Ingredients you take the more effectual will your Remedy be Sow-Bread Savin Vervain Comfrey Lung-Wort Arsmart
fiery and full of Mettle this Medicine wou'd make him extremely sick tho' a Couple of Clysters administer'd in the Height of the Sickness might perhaps prevent the ill Effects of it if you take care in the mean time to walk him frequently And besides 't is to be observ'd that this Remedy must not be given to a Horse either in the Beginning of the Disease or when 't is accompany'd with a Fever for it wou'd purge his Life out of his Body Take two or three Pounds of Fat of Bacon cut into thin Slices steep it in Water till it be fresh changing the Water five or six times once every two Hours in the mean time take red Colewort not a headed Cabbage and white Mullein of each two large Handfuls Carduus Benedictus one Handful Chop 'em small and beat 'em to a Mash in a Mortar with the fresh Fat of Bacon Form this Mass into Pills like Tennis-Balls and roll 'em up with Powder of Liquorice that they may not stick to your Fingers when you put 'em into the Horse's Mouth After the Horse has taken six or seven of these Pills give him a little Wine with a Horn or even after every Pill if you perceive that your Horse swallows 'em with Difficulty and after he has taken all the Pills wash his Mouth with a Pint of Wine and afterwards pour it down his Throat besides which you must allow another Pint to be taken with the Pills The Horse must stand bridl'd four Hours before and as long after If this Remedy be attended with Success to compleat the Cure you must begin the former Course with the Decoctions and Clysters but if it proves ineffectual administer the following Remedy Take the Leaves of Red Colewort not headed Cabbage which is not only useless but hurtful and Carduus Benedictus of each three Handfuls White Mullein and Colt's-foot of each three Handfuls Juniper-Berries one Handful Boil 'em half an Hour in two Quarts of Water then remove the Vessel from the Fire and add to the boiling Decoction two Handfuls of fresh Corn-Poppy Flowers or one Handful of 'em dry'd Cover the Pot immediately and when 't is almost cold strain out the Liquor adding as much Saffron as is sufficient to tinge it with a yellow Colour with two Ounces of Liquid Conserve of Roses and having given your Horse a Clyster the Day before make him drink up this Decoction repeating the same Clyster in the Evening and continuing after the same manner for twelve Days if your Horse's Stomach be not disorder'd in which Case you must forbear the Use of the Remedies till his Appetite be restor'd After the twelve Days are expir'd if his Flanks be sound without any Palpitation you must not overwhelm Nature with a Heap of Remedies but allow her Time to compleat the Victory and utterly to destroy her Enemy that is already weaken'd by the Medicines Since usually the preternatural Heat which causes the Distemper is augmented by the Remedies and the internal Parts heated and wasted 't will be necessary to restore the Natural and destroy the Preternatural Heat and to remove the remaining Obstructions by giving the Horse every Day an Ounce of Sal Prunellae in Powder and two Nutmegs grated and mixt with moisten'd Bran. The Use of this Remedy must be continu'd for a long time unless the Horse forsake his Meat in which Case instead of Sal Prunellae 't will be convenient to give him two Ounces of Liver of Antimony in Powder which procures an Appetite without cooling the Body so much as the other CHAP. CXXIII Remedies for Obstructions of the Lungs caus'd by Foundering A Young Horse who had so great an Oppression in the Flanks that he was thought to be Pursive and given over for lost was perfectly cur'd by the following Remedy Take Carduus Benedictus Mossie Lung-wort chopt small of each one Handful Missleto of the Oak beaten an Ounce Roots of Marsh-Mallows and Elecampane stampt in a Mortar half an Ounce Hyssop two Handfuls boil the Ingredients about half an Hour then press out the Liquor and add half an Ounce of Juice of Liquorice an Ounce of Liquorice beaten to Powder Anniseed and Fennelseed reduc'd to fine Powder of each half an Ounce a Scruple of Saffron half a Pound of Clarify'd Honey and a Quart of White Wine Mix and make a Decoction to be given blood-warm to the Horse at two Doses who must stand bridl'd six Hours before and after you have walk'd him an Hour must be kept bridl'd four Hours longer This Decoction must be exhibited four Days together then intermit three Days and afterwards give him four Doses more This Remedy will ease him very considerably and even absolutely cure him if he be Young But if you perceive no Benefit by the Use of it you may exhibit the Purging Medicine describ'd in the preceding Chapter observing diligently all the Circumstances and Directions mention'd there And afterwards give him the following Powder which may be also given safely and with good Success without any preceding Evacuation Take three Pound of Linseed dry'd in a Furnace according to the Method describ'd in one of the preceding Chapters Gentian three Ounces Fenugreek two Ounces Elecampane an Ounce and a half Sage and Hyssop of each three Ounces Brimstone half a Pound Mix and make a Powder The Dose is two Spoonfuls mixt with Bran every Morning till the whole Powder be taken and the Horse must stand bridl'd an Hour and a half after every Dose If the Disease continue still give him a Clyster for tho' it will not perfect the Cure it may perhaps give him Ease if it be frequently repeated And afterwards suffer Nature to act for she will quickly subdue her Enemy if you assist her with a well-regulated Diet. The most dangerous Kind of these Distempers is that which is accompany'd with a Fever which not only torments the Horse extremely but makes so quick a progress that it will not admit of so long a Delay as is requir'd for the administring of the above-mention'd Remedies You must begin the Cure with one of these two Clysters Make a Decoction of the softening Herbs chopt small and dissolving half a Pound of Honey in the strain'd Liquor inject it luke-warm Or you may give one of these Clysters in the Morning and the other in the Evening if you think fit Boil an Ounce of Crocus Metallorum reduc'd to fine Powder in five Pints of Beer for half a Quarter of an Hour then suffering it to settle pour off the Liquor strain it thro' a Linnen Cloth doubl'd add a quarter of a Pound of Butter inject the whole luke-warm and the next Day exhibit the following Remedy CHAP. CXXIV A Remedy for a Founder'd Horse that is troubl'd with a Fever and very sick TAke the distill'd Waters of Carduus Benedictus and Sccbious of each six Ounces Water of the Herb call'd Queen of the Meadows Cinnamon Water and Succory Water of each four Ounces Liquid Conserve of
Roses two Ounces Confection of Alkermes without Musk or Ambergrise one Ounce Treacle half a Dram Powder of Oriental Saffron six Grains Mix all the Ingredients in a Glass-Vial and give to your Horse with a Horn rinsing the Horn the Vial and your Horse's Mouth with a Mixture of the Waters of Carduus Benedictus Succory and Scabious of each an Ounce and half This Water or Julep allays the Heat of the Fever Inject a Clyster about Four a Clock in the Afternoon give the Remedy at Six and keep your Horse bridl'd till Eight The next Day at Four in the Afternoon administer one of the above-mention'd Clysters at Six let your Horse blood in the two Plate-Veins of the Thighs keeping him bridl'd two Hours after You may repeat the Dose of the Remedy two or three times but not the Bleeding without Necessity In the mean time the Horse must eat little Hay you must frequently wash his Mouth with Verjuice Salt and Honey of Roses and oftentimes inject one of the above-mention'd Clysters Since I have often observ'd that the Apothecaries ask an excessive Rate for this Remedy I thought fit to advertise those who may have Occasion to use it that the highest Price of it does not amount to above * About 6s Three Livres and Ten Sous for the Confection of Alkermes is without either Musk or Ambergrise This Remedy ought to be highly esteem'd by those who are Masters of good Horses for by the Use of it in less than a Month I cur'd Four Horses of Value after they were past Hope of Recovery For your Horses Ordinary Drink You may dissolve in a Pailful of Water the Remedy for Fevers consisting of Salt of Tartar Sal Armoniac c. describ'd in Chap. CXXXVI If that cannot be procur'd you may infuse in a Pailful of Water the Dough of a Peny-Loaf ready to be put into the Oven which makes the Water white cools the Body of the Horse and affords some Nourishment and is infinitely better than Flower which is commonly us'd on this Occasion This is an excellent Remedy for simple Fevers and almost for all Horses that are troubl'd with a violent beating in the Flanks proceeding from a hot Cause and I have even given it with good Success to Morfounded Horses when the Disease was accompany'd with a beating in the Flanks for tho' in this case hot Remedies are requir'd to strengthen Nature and enable her to expel that which offends her yet since the Fever is augmented by the heat of the Medicins we must find out and exhibit a good Remedy that strengthens without much Heat which is the peculiar Character of the above-mention'd Julep or mixture of Waters When the Fever is violent the Sick Horse either does not lie down at all or if he does starts up again immediately by reason of the difficulty of Breathing that oppresses him when he lies and therefore if in this case your Horse lie down and remain long in that Posture you may conclude him to be in a hopeful Condition nor must you reckon it a bad sign tho' he complain more when he lies than when he stands for even the soundest Horses are wont to complain when they are in that Posture This is an important remark in the case of all Horses that are extreamly Sick and a diligent observance of it will enable you to make a better Judgment of the Nature of the Distemper A Potion or Drink for a Founder'd Horse that is very Sick either with or without a Cough Take two Pints and half of the Four Cordial Waters viz. of Scorzonera Queen of the Meadows Carduus Benedictus and Scabious dissolving in the same an Ounce of Confection of Hyacinth without Musk or Ambergreece and one Treacle-Pill in Powder Give this Mixture to your Horse in the Morning and rinse the Pot and Horn with half a Pint of Wild succory-Succory-Water which you must make him drink after you have wash'd his Mouth with it Keep him Bridl'd three Hours before and two Hours after and at Night give him the following Clyster Take Powder of Sal Polychrest an Ounce and a half Pulp of Coloquintida without the Seeds half an Ounce boil 'em in five Pints of Beer half a quarter of an Hour and in the strain'd Liquor dissolve a quarter of a Pound of good Populeum make a Clyster to be injected Lukewarm If this Remedy prove ineffectual you may conclude that your Horse's Life is in danger but if you perceive any signs of Amendment you must frequently repeat the Clyster which will very much promote the Cure I have sometimes given with Success a Dose of Stinking Pills to Horses troubl'd with this Distemper for tho' that Medicine seems at first to encrease the beating in the Flanks it quiets all those disorders afterwards tho' I must confess the same Remedy has disappointed me at other times The Lieutenant's Decoction for a Horse that is Founder'd and very Sick Take Carduus Benedictus and Hyssop of each one handful Juice of Liquorice two Ounces Roots of Gentian stampt in a Mortar one Ounce boil the Ingredients in a Pint and a half of Water for the space of half an Hour and as soon as you remove the Vessel from the Fire pour into it half a Pint of White-Wine straining out the Liquor Add as much Saffron as you can lift between your three Fingers and make a Decoction for one or two Doses according to your Horse's Strength or his Aversion to the Medicine The next Day let him Blood in the Flanks and keep him in a temperate place Since Horses in this Condition are wont to eat very little they must be nourish'd with cleans'd Barley without Butter or Fat or with Bread if you can persuade 'em to eat it or Bran c. For more particular directions in this Case you may consult the Sixth Seventh Eighth and Ninth Chapters of this Book and therefore I shall content my self at present with putting you in Mind that you must frequently put a Bit into your Horses Mouth and remember always to offer him Meat when you unbridle him CHAP. CXXV Crocus Metallorum TAke the best Crude Antimony or that which is fullest of Points and Nitre or Salt-Petre of each an equal quantity beat 'em severally to Powder and mix 'em in a Crucible Then set 'em on Fire with a Match or live Cole and as soon as the Flame is extinguish'd and the Matter cold you will find the Liver of Antimony under the Scoriae which are also of good use in certain Cases Separate the Liver and reduce it to a very fine Powder then throw it into Water and beat again in the same Mortar that which the Water cannot dissolve continuing after the same manner till the whole Matter be reduc'd to an impalpable Powder then suffer the Water to settle and you will find at the bottom a Liver-Colour'd Powder which you must continue to wash by pouring on fresh Water till the Salt of the Nitre that
is the true Method of curing the Farcin by purifying the Blood destroying the Poyson and strengthning Nature Another easie Method Bleed your Horse abundantly and give him every Morning three Pints of Emetic Wine or Beer which some Horses will drink like Water for it tastes only of the Wine Continue the use of this Wine or Beer till your Horse be sound This is a very convenient Remedy in those Countries where Wine is cheap and for those that have Horses that drink Wine since the making it Emetic costs little or nothing and the same may be said of the Beer The Horse must eat nothing but Bran and may be moderately ridden When the Knots break strew 'em with Powder of Sublimate Hellebor Roots or apply a Caustic If your Horses Legs be swoll'n you may chafe 'em with the following Ointment If he refuse to drink the Emetic Wine or Beer pour it down his Throat with a Horn and make him fast about two Hours before and after These Methods of Cure are in my Opinion to be preferr'd before giving the Fire But for the satisfaction of several Persons who are fond of that Operation I shall briefly show the manner of performing it CHAP. CXLII To cure the Farcin by giving the Fire IF this Operation be accompany'd with good inward Remedies it may be administer'd with good Success for the cure of the Farcin To proceed methodically in the beginning of the Disease you must surround the Knots with a Line drawn with a hot Iron without piercing the Skin which frequently puts a stop to the Farcin As soon as you perceive that the Knots are full of Matter I mean such as are capable of Suppuration open 'em boldly with a red-hot Iron wheresoever they are seated not excepting even the Hough nor the Master-Sinew of the Fore-Leg For if you thrust in your Instrument no farther than till it reach the Matter you can never do the least Injury to the Part but only assist Nature to expel what offends her And the opening of the Tumour prevents those Disorders that might have been occasion'd if the Matter had been longer retain'd As soon as you have surrounded and stop'd the Cords and Knots with the Rases of Fire open a Vein taking away a great quantity of Blood and give your Horse a Purging Medicine mixt with Mercurius Dulcis or Cinnabar If afterwards new Knots appear you must let 'em ripen and if they will not come to Suppuration burn 'em with a red-hot Iron When the Scab falls off if new pieces of Flesh spring up like Mushrooms 't is a certain sign of the danger of the Distemper and difficulty of the Cure and the Flesh must be consum'd either by a repeated Application of the red-hot Iron or of one of the following Caustics When you have burnt the Knots or Swellings that come to Suppuration you must wash 'em every Day after the Scab is fall'n off with Urine and dress 'em with the Ointment of Portugal The Ointment of Portugal for Farcin-Knots Take Verdigrease and Realgar of each one Ounce Arsenic two Ounces Camphire two Drams beat the Arsenic Camphire and Verdigrease severally to a very fine Powder then mix 'em together pouring on six Ounces of Oil by degrees and incorporate 'em with the Pestle after which add the Ounce of Realgar in fine Powder Mix and make a Liquid Ointment having cleans'd the Sores and even wash'd 'em with the Second Water or hot Urine if you think fit Anoint 'em every Day with a Pensil made of Hog's Bristles dipt in the Ointment till they be dry'd up Several Horses have been cur'd by this Ointment without giving the Fire or using any other Remedy but Bleeding It serves also to cleanse and dry the Sores after the Escar occasion'd by giving the Fire is fall'n off Bleeding is useful in the beginning and end but not in the middle of the Cure After you have burnt several Knots if you find that there are some of 'em situated where you cannot safely give the Fire you may apply Caustics which will produce the same effect A Cautery or Caustic Take Powder of Sublimate mixt with Spirit of Wine and apply it to the Part where you wou'd raise an Escar Four or five Days after anoint it with Basilicum to hasten the falling away of the Escar Another Take Corrosive Sublimate and Red Precipitate of each half an Ounce Verdigrease and Vitriol of each an Ounce Powder of Cantharides half an Ounce Arsenic an Ounce incorporate 'em with four or if you wou'd have a gentler Caustic with eight Ounces of Basilicum This Caustic burns the Part to which 't is apply'd in twenty four Hours and the Scab or Escar falls off three or four Days after There are a hundred several sorts of Caustics The Caustic-Stones that are sold by Apothecaries produce the same effect but they are not strong enough for Horses In the Composition of a Caustic we must not only regard the raising of a large Scab but endeavour to prevent the Swelling Heat and other Disorders that are the usual and inconvenient effects of the ill-proportion'd Doses of the Ingredients The following Ointment raises a sufficient Escar without any considerable Swelling or Inflammation The Ointment of Naples which alone Cures the Farcin Take Realgar and Sublimate of each two Ounces Arsenic and Euphorbium of each one Ounce beat 'em to fine Powder and incorporate 'em without Heat with half a Pound of pure Oil of Bay not mixt with half the quantity of Grease as 't is Sold in many Shops at Paris Keep the Ointment in a glaz'd Pot and when you have occasion to use it open the Knots or Swellings with a Lancet and put into the Hole a little Cotton dipt in this Ointment without heating it in the least The next Day if you perceive that 't is fall'n away you must put in a little Cotton with some fresh Ointment but if it stick one Application will suffice This Ointment is also good for Warts Quitter-bones and in all cases that require the raising of an Escar An Italian Groom who communicated to me the description of this Ointment as a great Secret cur'd many Horses of the Farcin without applying any other Remedy I have seen with Amazement the unexpected Cures he perform'd before he imparted his Medicine to me and I Religiously observ'd the Promise I made him never to publish it during his Life CHAP. CXLIII The Remedy of a German Farrier for the Farcin 'T IS a very considerable conveniency to be furnish'd with variety of Remedies for dangerous Distempers for some Medicines are not duly Prepar'd and others that cannot be accus'd of that defect are nevertheless found to be ineffectual and besides every one may gratifie his Inclination in the choice of a Remedy among so great a number Whatever Method you follow in the Cure of the Farcin you must always observe the above-mention'd Directions concerning your Horse's Diet You must also Bleed him and Purge him too if
time Take eight large or ten small Nutmegs put 'em upon the Point of a Knife and hold 'em over a Candle till they be burnt to a red Coal then cast 'em into a Quart of Claret breaking 'em with your Fingers and after they have stood in Infusion all Night strain out the Wine in the Morning and make your Horse drink it blood-warm keeping him bridl'd two Hours before and as long after I have given this Remedy with very good Success to Men that were troubl'd with a Dysentery for the Salt of burnt Nutmegs being dissolv'd in the Wine stops and allays the Ebullition that causes the Flux A Binding Clyster Take Plantane Leaves in Summer or the Seeds in Winter and dry Provence Roses of each a sufficient quantity boil 'em in three Quarts of Beer and add to the Straining Catholicum two Ounces Rhubarb and Seal'd Earth of each four Ounces This Clyster binds moderately and being twice or thrice repeated stops a Super-Purgation in a Horse Another Potion Take two Quarts of Milk in which you have quench'd a Piece of Steel five or six times two Ounces of the Stones of Roasted Grapes an Ounce and a half of Shavings of Hart's-Horn calcin'd and beaten to a very fine Powder Mix for a Potion CHAP. CLXV Another Remedy for a Flux proceeding from a cold Cause DIssolve four Drams of Roman Vitriol reduc'd to Powder in five Pints of River-Water and let the Solution stand all Night to settle In the Morning pour out the clear Liquor throwing away the yellowish Sediment that remains at the Bottom Give your a Horse a Pint of it with a Horn heating it luke-warm in Winter and repeat the Dose every six Hours keeping him bridl'd an Hour before and as long after You may make the Remedy a great deal more effectual by adding to each Quart of the Liquor a Dram of Anniseeds and the like Quantity of Coriander-seeds both beaten to Powder If the Horse's Appetite be not spoil'd this Remedy will cure a Flux proceeding from the Ebullition of hot Humours if you continue the Use of it for some Days but the Cure may be hasten'd by injecting the following Clyster Take half an Ounce of dry Provence Roses and a Dram of Anniseeds boil 'em in two Quarts of this Water or Solution of Vitriol and after one Waum strain out the Liquor thro' a Linnen-Cloth and adding three Ounces of liquid Conserve of red Roses with a quarter of a Pound of fresh Butter Make a Clyster to be injected at the same time that the Potion is given inwardly and repeat the same twelve Hours after if you perceive that the Violence of the Disease is abated But if the Flux continue to torment the Horse you must repeat the Clyster every six Hours with the Potion If the Flux proceed from a cold Cause that is from flegmatic or pituitous Humours after the Clysters mention'd in the preceding Chapter you must give the following Potion A Potion for a Flux proceeding from a cold Cause Take the Yolks of six Eggs and an Ounce and a half of old Treacle dissolve 'em in three Pints of thick Claret in which you have quench'd a Piece of Steel heated red-hot three or four times You may afterwards repeat the Clysters if need require A Binding Clyster Take the Roots of Bistort and Tormentil grossly beaten of each two Ounces the Leaves of Mouse-Ear and Cypress of each one Handful Boil 'em in two Quarts of Claret and a Quart of Rain-Water and dissolve in the Straining two Ounces of fine Catholicum and twenty Grains of Opium A Potion for a Flux proceeding from a hot Cause Take of Conserve of Roses two Ounces Opium thirty Grains new Treacle half an Ounce Succory-Water and Plantane-Water of each a Pint. Mix and make a Potion In the mean time you must rub your Horse's Belly with astringent Baths or Fomentations which are proper for all sorts of Fluxes whether they proceed from hot or cold Caufes Astringent Baths for a Flux Take Leaves of Plantane and Knot-Grass of each four Handfuls Comfrey and Horse-Tail of each one Handful Gall-Nuts Cypress-Nuts and Acorns of each two Ounces red Roses and Leaves of white Mullein of each three Handfuls Boil 'em in a large Pot in an equal Mixture of Claret and Water first putting in the Nuts and Acorns beaten then the Leaves and last of all the Flowers and after they are sufficiently boil'd add a Pint of Vinegar and half a Pound of Oil of Quinces With this Decoction you must bathe your Horse's Belly fomenting it with warm Linnen-Clouts as I order'd in the Cure of a Shoulder-Sprain and you may also anoint your Horse's Belly with a Mixture of equal quantities of the Oils of Quinces and Myrtles The Use of this Bath may be repeated as often as you shall think fit 'T is also very profitable for great Swellings in the Belly occasion'd by Spur-Galling Swellings of the Cods Thighs or Houghs provided the Tumour proceed not from the Biting or Stinging of a venomous Beast You may also anoint the Belly with the Countess's Ointment and foment it with this Bath chusing such of the above-mention'd Remedies as you shall think most convenient or profitable CHAP. CLXVI Of the Falling of the Fundament SOmetimes a violent Flux the Piles or such like Distempers make the Horse strain so violently and with such an intolerable Pain that the Fundament falls out and appears visibly out of its Place And the same Accident is sometimes occasion'd by a Strain and very frequently by cutting off the Tail This Malady ought never to be neglected for it may be attended with dangerous Consequences and therefore you must anoint the Place with Oil of Roses blood-warm and afterwards endeavour to put it up But if you perceive no Amendment after two or three successless Attempts you must have recourse to the following Remedy Beat six Drams of Salt of Lead with half a Pint of Goat's-Milk or for want of that of Cow's-Milk till they be well incorporated You must first beat the Salt of Lead in a Mortar and pour on the Milk by Degrees beating and mixing 'em together all the while till they be reduc'd to the Thickness of a liquid Ointment Sometimes the Salt of Lead imbibes a larger quantity of Milk than at other times and therefore you must pour into the Mortar only what is sufficient to bring it into the above-mention'd Form Put a Tent into the Fundament dipt in this Ointment and anoint all the Part with it repeating the Application from time to time 'T is to be observ'd that when the Falling of the Fundament is occasion'd by the Cutting off of the Tail and accompany'd with a great Swelling the Horse is in a very dangerous Condition for 't is almost always a Sign of a Gangrene in the Tail that spreads towards the Back And therefore after a successless Tryal of this Remedy you may give him over for lost Another Remedy Take Powder of burnt Oyster-Shells two
Jecur vel Hepar Lung wort or liverwort otherwise middle Comfrey Consoude moyen Pulmonaria M M M MAce Macis Macis Madder Garance Rubia Tinctorum Magistery of Lead Magister du Saturn Magisterium Saturni Maiden-hair Herbe de Capillaire ou Polittic Adianthum vulgare vel Polytrichum Male Incense or Frank-Incense Oliban Olibanum Malmsey Wine Malvoise Vinum Arvisium vel Malvaticum Mallow common Mauve Malva vulgaris Manna Manne Manna Marjoram sweet Marjolaine Marjorana hortensis Marrow of a Hart Mouelle de Cerf Medulla Cervi Marsh Mallow Guimove Althaea Master wort Imperatoire Imperatoria Mastick a Gum Mastic Mastiche vel lentisciresina Meadsweet Reine de Prez Regina prati seu Vlmaria Mechoacan Mechoacan Mechoacanna Medlar or Open arse Nefle ou Nesple Mespilum Melilot Melilot Meâ—ilotus Melon Melon Melo Mercury the Herb or French Mercury Mercuriale Mercurialis Mercury red or Red sublimate Mercure rouge Mercurius dulcis subli matus rubrus Milfoil or Yarrow Mille Feuilles Mellefolium Milk Lait Lac Millet Millet Milium Mint Menthe ou Mente Mentha vulgaris Mint broun or red Menthe à coste rouge Mentha rubra Misseltoe of the Appletree Guis de Pomier Viscum Malinum Misseltoe of the Oak Guis de Chesne Viscum Quercinum Mouse ear Aureille de soury ou Piloselle Auricula muris Mucilage plaster Emplastre de Mucilages Diachylon simplex Mugwort Armoise Artemisia Mules fat or grease Axunge de Mulet Axungia-Muli Mullain white or Male Boullon blanc ou Molene Verbascum vel Tapsus Barbatus Mummy or embalmed man's flesh Mumie Mumia Muscle shells Coquilles de Moules Musculorum Conchae Musk Musc Moschus Mustard seed Grain de Moutard Sinapi Mutton sewet Suif de Mouton Sevum Ovillum Myrabolans of five kinas viz. Citrinae Chebulae Indicae Emblicae Bellericae Myrabolans de cinq sorts c. Myrabolanae Citrinae Chebulae c. Myrrh Myrrhe Myrrha Myrtle berries Mirtilles Myrti Baccae N N N Nettle Ortie Vrtica Night-shade-water Eau de Morelle Aqua Solani vel Morella Nitre or salt-petre Nitre ou Sal-pestre Nitrum Nutmeg Muscade Nux Moschata vel Myristica O O O OAts Avoine Avena Oat meal course or rather Groats Avoine gruée ou gruau d'Aveine Farina Avenacea vel Avenarum chondri Onion Oignon Cape Opium or the condensed juice of black poppy-heads Opium Opium Opoponax a Gum Opoponax Opoponax Orange Orange Aurantium Orange peel Ecorce d'Orange Aurantiorum Cortex Organy or wild-Marjor am Origan Origanum Orpiment Orpiment Auripigmentum Orpine Orpin Telephium Orrice common or ordinary flower de luce root Iris commun Jris Vulgaris Orrice root of Florence Iris de Florence Jris Florentina Orvietan Orvietan Electuarium Orvietanum Oxycrat or a composition of water and vinegar Oxycrat Oxycratum Oxycrotium-plaster Emplastre Occicrocium Emplastrum Oxycrâ—cium Oil Huile Oleum Oil of bitter Almonds Huile d'Amandes ameres Oleum Amygdal amar Oil of sweet Almonds Huile d'Amandes douces Oleum Amygdalarum dulcium Oil of Amber Huile d'Ambre Oleum Succini Oil of Bays or Lawrel Huile de Laurier Oleum Laurinum Oil of Castor or Castoreum Huile de Castor Oleum de Castoreo Oil of Cloves Huile de Giroffles Oleum Caryophillorum Oil of Earth-worms Huile de Lumbris Oleum Lumbricorum Oil of Hemp seed Huile de Chenevis Oleum Cannabis Oil of Hypericon or St. John's wort Huile de Hypericon ou mille pertuis Oleum Hyperici Oil of Lillies Huile de Lis Oleum Liliorum Oil of Linseed Huile de Lin Oleum seminis Lini Oil of Myrtles Huile de Mittles Oleum Mirtinum Oil of Olives Huile de Olives Oleum Olivarum Oil of Petre or Petrolium Huile de Petrole Oleum Petrae vel Petrolaeum Oil of Quinces Huile de Coins Oleum Cydoniorum Oil of Roses Huile Rosat Oleum Rosaceum Oil of Turpentine Huile de Terebentine Oleum Terebinthinae Oil of Walnuts Huile de noix Oleum Carynum Oil of Wax Huile de Cire Oleum Cerae Oil of Vitriol Huile de Vitriol Oleum Vitrioli Ointment of Agrippa Onguent Agrippa Vnguentum Agrippae Ointment of the Apostles Onguent des Apostres Vnguentum Apostolerum Ointment of Marsh-Mallows Onguent d'Althea Vnguentum Dialthaeae Ointment Martiatum or of souldiers Onguent de Soldats Vnguentum Martiatum Ointment Oppodeldoch Onguent Oppodeldoc Vnguentum Oppodeldoch Ointment of Pompholix or nothing Onguent Ponpholix Vnguentum Diapompholigos vel nihil Ointment of Poplar buds Onguent de Populeon Vnguentum Populneum Ointment Resumptive or Restoring Onguent Resumptif Vnguentum resumptivum Ointment of Roses Onguent Rosat Vnguentum Rosatum Oyster shells Eâ—â—illes des Huistres Ostrearum conchae P P P PArmacity Sperma Ceti Sperma Ceti Parsley Persil Petroselinum Parsnip Pastenade Pastinaca Patience or Monks rhubarb Patience Patientia vel Hippolapathum Peach tree Peschiet Arbor Persica Pearls Perles Margaritae Pease Feverolles Fabulae vel pisa Pellitory of Spain Peretre ou Pyrethre Pyrethrum Pellitory of the Wall Parietaire Parietaria vel herba muralis Pennyroyal common Pouliot Pulegium hortense seu Puleium Pennyroyal wild Pouliot sauvage Pulegium Sylvestre Pepper Poivre Piper Pepper long Poivre long Piper longum Pepper white Poivre Blanc Piper Album Periwinkle Pervenche Vinca pervinca Petrol or oil of petre Petrole Petrolium Phagaedenick water Eau phagedenique Aqua Phagaedenica Pine Kernels of the Indies Pignons d'Inde Nuclea pini Indicae Pine-tree Pin Pinus Pine-tree-bark Ecorce de pin Cortex pini Pine tree-Gum Gomme de pin Pint Gummi Pitch black or common Poix noire Pix nigra seu sicca Pitch of Burgundy Poix de Bourgogne Pix Burgundiae Plantain Plantin Plantago Plantain water Eau de plantin Aqua Plantaginis Polypody Polipode Polypodium Pomgranet Grenade Malum granatum Pomgranet blossoms or flowers Ballaust Balaustium Pomgranet skin Ecorce de Grenade Cortex Mali granati Poppy of the Corn or Corn-Rose Coquericot Papaver Rhaeas Poppy white Pavot blanc Papaver album Potters clay Terre à potier Argilla vel terra figulina Powder of Cornachinus Poudre de Cornachini Pulvis Cornachinii vulgaris Praecipitate red Precipité rouge Praecipitatus rubrus Praecipitate white Precipité blanc Praecipitatus albus Pulp or fleshy part of any Fruit Poulpe Pulpa Purslain Pourpier Portulaca Q Q Q QVick silver Argent vif ou Mercure courant Argentum vivum Quâ—â—ces Coins Mala Cydonia Quitch-grass or Dog-grass Ghien dent ou gramen Gramen Caninum R R R RAdish Raifort ou Rave Raphanus Rain water Fau de pluie Aqua pluvialis Rasins or dryed Grapes Raisins sees Vvae passae Rape seed Navette Semen rapi oblongi Reed Aromatick of the Shops Calamus Aromatique Calamus Aromaticus Regulus of Antimony Regalle d'Antimoine Regulus antimonij Rennet Apple Pomme de Reynette Petitium Malum Rest harrow Acutelle Anonis vel Aresta Bovis Rhubarb Rhubarbe Rhabarbarum Rosemary Romatin Ros marinum Rose Rose Rosa Rose Damask or pale Rose Rose de Damas Rosa Damascena vel Pallida Rose red common Rose rouge Rosa rubra Rose red double or Province Rose de provins Rosa rubra
already said a day that fair and calm CHAP. LXX Precautions to be observen in blood-letting and if he be a young Horse that it be in the increase of the Mooâ—â—â— if old then after the Full and also take care that the Horse be tyed up early in 〈◊〉 morning to the Rack and that he neither get Water nor Combing for fear of too 〈◊〉 moving and agitating his Spirits then he is to draw with a pair of Fleems 〈◊〉 should be of a reasonable breadth for the Reason before given about three pounds blood and then to leave him tyed to the Rack for two hours After which he shal give him some scalded Bran or a Mash and seeing our Author hath not in any part of his Book given the least Directions to make one by Reason I judge that they are not much made use of in France Malt being but very scarce there because of the small quantity of Ale they drink yet since it is a mixture very good for Horses and much used in these Islands I have thought fit to set down in this place the true Method of making a good Mash as followeth Take four English Quarts or half a Peck of good well ground Malt How to make a Mash and put it into a Pailor wooden Vessel by it self then take a Gallon or four English Quarts of fair Water and set it on the fire and when it hath boiled a very little put as much of it into the Malt as will moisten it working and stirring them with a piece of flat wood after which pour in the rest of the Water and mix all very well together then cover up the Vessel closs with a double covering or some Cloaths and let it stand thus for two hours or till such time as you intend to give it to your Horse the Mash being thus made and your Horse ready to take it uncover the Vessel and with your hand stir all well together crushing and squeezing the Mai t as much as possible and when luke-warm give it the Horse to drink It must I say be little more as milk warm when he taketh it and if it should prove either too hot or too thick when you are to give it you may rectifie both by adding a little cold Water to it but be sure not so much as to make it either too cold which would turn it raw or too thin which would abate a great deal of its pleasant taste and strength You may also if you intend he should eat none of the Grain or Malt a little whereof can never do him prejudice squeeze the Liquor quite from it and so let him drink it throwing away the Malt or rather giving it to your Hogs or Cows This is the best Method I know to make a good Mash which in many cases is found to agree well with Horses especially such as are any-wise indisposed or sick and which was therefore the cause of my setting it down in this place our Author not having as I have said made the least mention of it to my knowledge in his whole Book The Germans cause gallop their Horses before blooding to the end say they that the bad blood which is as the Lee may be mixed with the good and so both drawn together but they are deceived in this because the blood is filled with Spirits which being agitate and stirred up with this kind of coursing doth immediatly evaporate in a great abundance with the most subtile part of the blood when ever the Vein is opened so that blooding after this manner is more prejudicial than profitable If those who thus cause their Horses gallop before blood-letting were perswaded of the Circulation of the Blood they would not be in so gross an Error as to believe that the Blood is with the same tranquillity in the Veins as Wine is in a Hogs-head whose Lee lyeth at bottom but would be convinced that the whole Mass of the Blood circulates as well the gross part as that which is more subtile seing then this is so there is no need of any violent agitation of it such as galloping to oblige it to come forth but rather upon the contrary the Horse should be kept calm and quiet for fear of evacuating and lossing too many of his Spirits as I have already explained Those who are very careful of their Horses cause them eat only Bran in place of Oats both the day before Blooding the day it self and the day thereafter and for these three days they should also let them rest or at least that day wherein they are bled and also give them only bran in it You are also in taking blood to regulate the quantity according as your Horse is a great feeder and as his Veins are full and stretched and accordingly as it issues forth with violence having still regard to the quality of the Disease his Strength Age and the Season It is a general Maxim that a man without very good and pressing Reasons she 〈◊〉 never make great evacuations by blood-letting because there is made by it a too 〈◊〉 dissipation of the Spirits whereby the Horse is weakned so that his Members 〈◊〉 so easily perform their functions as also there are thereby formed crudities iâ— Veins which are the Source and Origine of several Diseases CHAP. LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood ALthough it is not the common Practice of Farriers to receive a Horse's 〈◊〉 into a Vessel when they open any of his Veins it is however very â—â—â—â—â—sary CHAP LXXI How to judge of the Quantity and Quality of Blood that so a man may first judge of the Quantity he takes from 〈◊〉 and afterwards of its Quality Therefore when a Man opens a Horse's Vein he should instead of letting 〈◊〉 Blood fall to the ground receive it into a convenient Vessel the contents whereof should have measured before hand to know how many pounds of Water it containâ— that so heÌ„ may proportionably draw as many pounds of Blood in the same Vessel 〈◊〉 example a Man knows how much space two English Quarts of Water take up in a Vessel the same space will be filled with four pounds of Blood for an English Quaâ—â— of Water weighs about two pound and Blood is near of equal weight with Water having drawn the quantity of Blood he designs to evacuate he shall let it fix and â—â—â—geal that he may the better judge of its quality now although Blood be somewhâ—â— lighter then Water yet the difference is so very inconsiderable that it is not 〈◊〉 noticeing You shall then when you blood a Horse observe if it run calmly and slowly 〈◊〉 without any impetuosity as also if it cleave to your fingers when you touch it 〈◊〉 cause if it do it is a sign that it is Viscuous and will be subject to occasion obstruâ—â—â—ons therefore in that case you are to Blood your Horse frequently for this kin◠〈◊〉 Blood is a sign of Repletion
losing a part of their Virtue 't is better to mix 'em with Balls that they may be preserv'd in their intire Force Beat all the Ingredients separately reducing 'em to a gross Powder then strain 'em thro' a Hair-Sieve mix the whole Powder exactly and weigh it for you must not weigh the Drugs before they are beat and searc'd a-part The Powder may be preserv'd a long time without any diminution of its Virtue if it be press'd hard in a leathern Bag which must be kept close ty'd This is so universal a Remedy that every Man who keeps a Horse shou'd always have some of it by him especially on a Journey or in the Army where there is not Conveniency to make it for by the Use of this Medicine Horses have been frequently preserv'd from several very considerable Infirmities The Virtue of this Powder decays if it be kept too long and therefore the best way is to prepare a small Quantity of it that you may always have some of it fresh I have lately found out a way which has prov'd very successful to keep it Thirty Years in its full Strength and besides to render it portable and more effectual which are certainly very great Advantages I reduce it to Balls which are so hard that the Air cannot penetrate nor spoil 'em and a Man may carry 'em in his Pocket Portmantle or any other way that shall be most convenient It will plainly appear by the following Account of my Method that the Cordial Powder is very much improv'd by it CHAP. XVII Of the Cordial Balls or Treacle Pills TAke a Bushel of ripe and black Juniper-Berries gather'd in the End of August or the Beginning of September beat 'em and put 'em into a Kettle with eight or nine Quarts of Water Set it on the Fire to boil stirring it sometimes till it grow thick then press it out and reserve the Liquor Strain the remaining Substance thro' a Searse as they use to strain Cassia throw away the Husks and Berries and mix the strain'd Pulp with the above-mention'd Liquor Boil it again over a clear Fire stirring it from time to time till it be reduc'd to the Thickness of Broth then take it from the Fire and when 't is half cold mix it in a Mortar with the full Quantity of the Powder prescrib'd in the preceding Chapter adding a Pound of the Grains of Kermes in Powder Make up the whole Mass into Balls weighing twelve Drams each which must be dry'd on the Strainer with its Bottom turn'd upwards These Balls grow little and very hard but they must be made in Summer for they are not easily dry'd in the Winter and besides they grow mouldy if they be not kept in a Stove or Skellet After they are dry they lose not their Virtue and the Addition of the Mucilage of Juniper-Berries which serves for a Cement to unite the parts of the Powder does also very much augment its Efficacy for those Berries alone are endow'd with admirable Virtues They are good for the Stomach and Breast provoke Urine and may be justly call'd the Treacle of the Germans But the Powder may be made up into Balls without any Mucilaginous or glewy Substance after the following Manner Put the Powder into a large Mortar and mix it with a little Cordial Water of Scorzonera or such like and after you have beaten and mix'd 'em with the Pestle pour in more Water and continue to beat mix and add new Water by turns till the whole Mass be of a sufficient Consistency to be made up into Balls Those Balls may be dry'd sooner and more easily than the others but since the Mucilage of the Juniper-Berries does very much increase the Virtue of the Balls instead of that you must add half a Pound of the Berries which you may beat with the rest of the Composition when you mix it with the Water and beat it up to a Mass and it will be still more effectual as I hinted before if a Pound of Grains of Kermes be added to it When you have occasion to use the Balls you must beat 'em to a gross Powder which you may either infuse a whole Night or mix with Wine immediately before you exhibit it for if you should give the Balls whole the Horse wouâ—d perhaps void 'em as intire as he took ' em The Dose is two Balls They have the same Virtues with the Cordial Powder I have us'd 'em with very good Success and find 'em very convenient both with respect to Carriage and to the Quantity of the Dose which is always ready weigh'd I give 'em the Name of Treacle-Pills or Balls because they have all the Virtues of Treacle and are even in some respects better since there is not the least Mixture of Honey and they are compos'd of Ingredients that strengthen Nature without inflaming it They resist Corruption and destroy that superfluous Acid which is the Root of all Diseases when there is too great Abundance of it in the Body for it causes a Fermentation that cannot be allay'd or stopp'd but by the Alcali contain'd in these Ingredients And Experience will convince you that this Remedy restores Health without heating the Body too much The shivering Fits that are occasion'd by the drinking of extremely cold Water may be quickly stopt by giving one of these Balls beaten to Powder in a Pint of good Wine and the sooner if you mix 'em with Spanish Wine When a Horse forsakes his Meat on a Journey give him two of these Balls in a a Quart of Wine and after you have kept him two hours bridlâ—d he will eat assoon as you unbridle him This Remedy is not inferiour to the Lieutenant's Powder and you may also give a Dose of it by way of Prevention to preserve Horses from Diseases There are several Persons who wou'd value themselves very highly upon the Invention of such a Secret and would be very loth to communicate it to the Public The Dose of the Cordial Powder is two Ounces but since there is no Danger in exceeding the Quantity if you have not Scales by you you may give three silver Spoonfuls to large Horses and two to small ones Infuse it cold all Night in a Quart of red Wine and in the Morning give it to the Horse keeping him bridl'd four hours before and two hours after And besides you must rinse the Pot or Horn with another half Pint of Wine and give it to the Horse to wash his Mouth You may either infuse the Balls or mix 'em immediately before you give 'em and you may repeat the Dose of either the Balls or Powder every Morning for three or four Days together To a Horse troubl'd with the Cold who voids Matter or coughs you may give either of these Remedies with very good Success in a Quart of Spanish Wine Neither must you be afraid that they will heat him too much for that which is call'd Heat in Horses proceeds only from the acid or
till he has recover'd his Appetite and then give him another Dose If this Remedy work too violently and cause too great an Agitation in the Horse's Body infuse two Ounces of Tabacco in a Quart of Oil-Olive let it stand in hot Ashes all Night and in the Morning strain out a Glass-full which you must give him luke-warm one half at each Nostril This is a gentler Medicine and besides that it will make him void some Matter it allays the sharpness of the Humours but you must observe the same Directions as before concerning Beating in the Flank and Loss of Appetite You must take care to augment or diminish the Dose according to the good or bad Condition of the Horse's Appetite and the great or small Quantity of the Matter which he voids Nature oftentimes heals those internal Ulcers which are the Source of the filthy Matter that runs out of the Nose when by a great Evacuation she is eas'd of the Burthen of sharp and malignant Humours that foment the Distemper The Cure of an Ulcer consists wholly in cleansing it for you may commit the healing of it to Nature This Remedy will expel a prodigious Quantity of Matter some Horses bear it well without losing their Appetite and even the Kernel disappears in the Wane of the Moon but if it grow again you must repeat the Medicine If after a long Continuance in this Method the Horse begins to void less Matter and according to all Probability the Flux of Matter will quickly cease forbear the Use of the Remedy for some Days and if the Evacuation be wholly stopt as it sometimes happens give him a Dose of the Cordial Powder for three Days together in a Quart of White or Red Wine after which the Kernel will perhaps return no more and the Horse will perfectly recover I have given this Remedy to some Horses who were not at all troubl'd with a beating in the Flank after the taking of it nor lost the least stroak of their Teeth they were cur'd for some time but afterwards some of 'em relaps'd into their former Disease When the the Lungs which are the usual Seat of this Distemper are much wasted the Disease is incurable and the above-mention'd Remedy hastens the Horse's Death but since 't is impossible to save him the best Way is to dispatch him speedily When you undertake the Cure of this Distemper whatever Remedy you design to use you ought always during the Encrease of the Moon to strengthen Nature and help her by gentle Methods to cast forth the Matter that offends her for which Purpose repeated Doses of the Cordial Powder Treacle Electuary of Kermes and the Cordial Pills are very effectual And during the Wane you must syringe the Nostrils and give Remedies to promote the Evacuation of the Matter This Method seems to promise good Effects but I will not positively warrant the Success Perfumes are not very proper in this Case 't is true they expel a great deal of Matter and even without Violence but they make the Horse too lean and dry and spoil his Appetite CHAP. XXI A Perfume to draw forth the offending Humours TAke Betony Vervain Mugwort Speedwell Bawm Wormwood Scabious Agrimony Mint Hyssop and Sage burn 'em in a Chafing-dish and putting a Bag with a Hole in it about the Horse's Head make him receive the Smoak into his Nostrils for a quarter of an Hour which will expel abundance of Matter The wild Vine that grows in the Hedges call'd black Briony slic'd small while 't is green and afterwards beaten casts forth a Smell that will make the Horse void a great deal of Matter Some say it hurts the Sight but Experience will convince you of the contrary It has most Virtue when it bears its Flower To declare my Opinion ingenuously I never observ'd any Horses to receive great Benefit by Persumes but I was willing to insert 'em here for the Satisfaction of some Persons The Syringe makes Persumes and even Feathers useless and spoils not the Horse's Appetite but since Farriers are very fond of these Medicines and continually propose the Use of 'em I thought fit to describe the best that can be made tho' even that is not very effectual and I dare not advise you to use it During the Use of these Remedies keep the Horse to a moistening Diet which facilitates the Evacuations you are oblig'd to procure Some dislike moisten'd Bran and recommend Oats but I always found Bran to be the most proper Food for Oats give Nature too much trouble to digest ' em I have seen Horses void Matter at the Nose six Years together and yet during all that time perform their wonted Service hunt eat and undergo Fatigues like other Horses The Use of Remedies was laid aside they were not kept to any Diet and the the whole Business of the Cure was left to Nature but at last the Disease carry'd 'em off I have also seen others tho' very few who cou'd not be cur'd by Medicines and yet sometime after the Use of Remedies and Hope of Cure were both laid aside they recover'd their perfect Health CHAP. XXII Another Remedy for the Glanders TAke a Pot large enough to hold five Pints or three Quarts fill it a third part full with the second Bark of the Aller or Alder-Tree which grows in watery Places and serves to make Stools Ladders and other Utensils of small Value scrape the Bark or cut it small and having added two Quarts of Water boil it to the Consumption of one half stirring it from time to time then add another Quart of Water to that which remains and boil away that also after which add another Quart and consume that too then press out the remaining Quart and dissolve in the strain'd Liquor half a Pound of Oil-Olive pour out half a Pint of the Liquor thus mix'd and give the rest to the Horse to drink luke-warm then inject the other half Pint into his Nostrils and afterwards walk him abroad in his Cloaths for half an hour This Remedy will draw forth Abundance of Matter and tho' he only voided Matter at one Nostril before it will make him run at both If the Horse be not cur'd eight Days after repeat the same Remedy and perhaps he will recover I have both cur'd some Horses with this Medicine and us'd it several times without any Success at all but it never produces any dangerous Effects If this do not cure the Horse take up his two Neck-Veins and afterwards give him a Dose of the Cordial Pills four Days together which will either cure him or you may conclude him to be past Recovery Another Remedy for the same Distemper Take of Oriental Caster grosly beaten an Ounce Gentian beaten and Savin slic'd small of each an Ounce and a half boil them in five Quarts of strong Vinegar to three and after the Liquor is cold strain it thro' a Linnen Cloth Give the Horse a Quart of this Liquor after he has stood
without any Reason they imagine to be very dangerous If you desire a further Confirmation of the Truth of what I have said you may easily satisfie your Curiosity by making the following Experiment on a living Colt of small Value Separate the Skin from his Head and you will not only perceive the Communication of the two Nerves or Sinews but that the Optic-Nerve will appear stiffer and more stretch'd assoon as you cut the other which you may find without much difficulty tho' it lies deep and near the Bone But they who dare not venture on this Operation may content themselves with taking up the Eye-Vein I 'm confident you will not find this Remark in any other Author and I 'm fully satisfy'd of its Justness and Solidity since 't is not only agreeable to Reason but confirm'd by many and succesful Trials both in the Case of Rheums and Moon-Eyes If both the Eyes be affected you must perform the Operation on each Side The most frequent Causes of the Loss of a Horse's Eye are in my Opinion the too great Abundance of Nourishment and the Defect of Visual Spirits both which are remov'd by the two above-mention'd Operations For the cutting of the Nerve promotes the Course of the Spirits and the taking up the Vein keeps back the superfluous Nourishment which will be yet more effectually perform'd and the Cure hasten'd by taking up the two Jugulars commonly call'd the Neck-Veins When a Horse is troubl'd with Rheums you must give him something to cool his Blood Thus an Ounce of Sal Prunellae in Powder mix'd every day with his Bran will allay the Heat and lessen the Defluxion but if you perceive that this weakens his Stomach too much and makes him forsake his Meat you may substitute Liver of Antimony instead of it till he recover his Appetite and then give him Sal Prunellae again till the Cure be compleated To what has been said I shall add a very rare but true Observation I saw a Horse who had so good Eyes that 't was impossible to find any Defect in 'em being one Day under his Master in the Field a great Thunder-clap depriv'd him of both his Eyes in an instant and he remain'd blind ever after A Remedy for Rheums in the Eyes If the Eye be swoll'n hot clos'd up and red or blood-shotten you must immediately prepare a restringent Charge to stop the flowing of the Humours Take common Bole-Armenic in Powder mix it with Vinegar and the Whites of two Eggs till it be reduc'd to a kind of Paste which you must apply Morning and Evening about the Eye for half a foot round and bathe the Eye with Aqua-Vitae or use that which follows Take a new-laid Egg boil'd hard and having taken off the Shell cut it thro' the middle and take out the Yolk in the place of which put a piece of white Vitriol about the bigness of a Nut then join the two halves of the Egg and wrapping it in a piece of clean and fine Linnen infuse it in half a Glass of Rose-Water for the space of six hours after which throw away the soak'd Egg as useless and reserving the Water pour eight or ten Drops of it into the Horse's Eye with a Feather Morning and Evening which will quickly perfect the Cure If you make use of Aqua-Vitae you must bathe the Eye with a little fine Sponge soak'd in it five or six times a day and Experience will convince you that you cannot chuse a better Remedy either for Rheums or Blows If the Distemper require a present Remedy you may instantly prepare that which follows Take the White of a new-laid Egg an equal Quantity of Rose-Water white Vitriol in fine Powder the bigness of a small Nut beat 'em well with a stick Some of this being put into the Eye will divert the Rheum and take away the Heat These Waters will not keep good above seven or eight days at most after which they turn sharp Their Virtue is to allay the Heat and stop the Humour that flows into the Eyes and the Smarting which they cause is inconsiderable and lasts but a Moment They are also very useful for Men. If the Distemper will not yield to this Remedy make use of the following Water You ought to make choice of a good Medicine at first and not change it lightly afterwards for nothing retards the Cure more than the Change of Remedies Every one thinks his own best but when you have begun with one and find Benefit by it you ought to stick to it afterwards An Eye-Water for Horses Take the Herb Ale-hoof or Ground-Ivy which grows in shady Places and is altogether different from common Ivy for its Leaf is smaller thinner and less shining but of a stronger smell besides it dies in the Winter whereas the creeping Ivy resists the cold Weather and therefore they are guilty of a very great Errour who instead of this make use of Ivy that creeps on the Ground Take I say four Handfuls of true Ground-Ivy beat it in a Marble Mortar with the Whites of six hard Eggs then add half a Pint of very clear White-Wine rose-Rose-Water a quarter of a Pint Sugar-Candy and white Vitriol of each an Ounce and a half Beat 'em all together and incorporate 'em very well with the Pestle strewing upon 'em an Ounce of white Salt then cover the Mortar and place it in a Cellar after it has stood there five or six Hours pour the whole Composition into a Hypocras-Bag of clean white Sâ—rge and set a Vessel under it to receive the Water that drops thro' which must be preserv'd in a Glass-Bottle and every Morning and Evening pour some of it into the Horses Eye There are few Rheums which this Water will not cure but if there remain a white Film or Skin upon the Eye you must consume it with the Powders that shall be afterwards describ'd Another Eye-Water Infuse a Piece of blue or Cyprus-Copperas in any one of the following Waters which are all endu'd with a sigular Virtue to cure Rheums in the Eye viz. the Waters of Plantane Fonnel Eye-bright Rue Celandine Roses Chervil or for want of these you may use common Water The Infusion will be of a bluish Colour drawing towards green and impregnated with the volatil Salt of Vitriol which is quieting sweet balsamic and astringent and consequently excellent for Redness and Inflammations of the Eyes nor can it offend that tender Part by reason of its Substance which partakes of Copper for 't is of too close a Contexture to be penetrated by a simple Water which is not a true Menstruum or Dissolvent The Poor may safely use this Remedy for Diseases in the Eyes for 't is both cheap and good And at the same time you must apply the following Ointment An Ointment to divert the Rheum from the Eyes Take of the Oinment call'd Album Rhasis one Pound Salt of Lead extracted in preparing the Oil according to the Method prescrib'd
follows the course of the Moon or to the other which wasts and destroys the Eye I have borrow'd this Observation from a Treatise concerning Horses compos'd by one John Taquet who expresly affirms that the loss of the Foals Eyes is not occasion'd by the substance of the Oats which may be suppos'd to heat 'em but only by their straining too hard in chewing that hard sort of Food And to prevent these fatal Consequences he advises those who have Foals to cause their Oats to be ground or stamp'd by which means he says they will grow strong and lusty without the least danger of Rheums or any other Infirmity of the Eyes Since I never found this Remark in any other Author I thought fit to insert it here submitting it intirely to the Reader 's Judgment Some Horses become Moon-Ey'd at the Age of Eight or Ten Years who were always very sound before which is an Infirmity entail'd on 'em by their Sire And besides when young Horses are overtaken by a great Storm in the Fields they are oftentimes either render'd Lunatic or struck Blind with the Thunder and Lightning Hard work hastens the total Blindness of a Moon-Ey'd Horse and besides Heat and extream Cold are equally prejudicial to him To conclude This Infirmity usually ends in the loss of one or both Eyes for the best Remedies are not always successful and we may justly call that a good Medicine which is found to be effectual on several Occasions tho' it be not always Infallible CHAP. XXXVI Of Haemorrhagy or Bleeding HAEmorrhagy is a voiding of Blood by the Nose or Mouth occasion'd by a redundancy of the Blood mixt with a Liquor full of Spirits and Salt which makes the Blood boil and ferment till the Vessels not being able to contain it some of the Veins burst and disgorge the Blood thro' the Nose and the mixture of that Salt Juice with the Blood is caus'd by unusual Fatigues in hot Weather The redundancy of the Blood may also proceed from too much Feeding or it may be deprav'd and vitiated or its Boiling may be occasion'd by violent Exercise which opens the Mouths of some Veins from which it gushes out impetuously either by the Nose or Mouth To convince you that a Liquor full of Spirits and Salt is apt to make the Blood boil and ferment it will be sufficient to inform you that if you mix either the Spirit of Wine Vitriol Hartshorn or Soot with the Blood that is taken out of the Vein while 't is hot you will immediately perceive a violent Ebullition whereas Salt of Tartar and the Solution of Allum trouble and precipitate the Blood and none but such as are wholly Ignorant of the Internal Motions and Methods of Nature will deny that there are such Liquors full of Salt and Spirits in the Bodies of Horses If the Bleeding be not stop'd it may either kill the Horse or extreamly weaken him because Nature is quite spent and exhausted by such an excessive Expence of Blood and Spirits When such Accidents happen the Horses remain unfit for Service a great while after but they seldom die unless they be also seiz'd with a Fever which does not usually happen Since these Accidents seldom or never happen but in very hot Weather every Rider whose Horse is fat or rather fiery and full of Mettle who ' out of Wind should keep him in and restrain him at the first and endeavour by all prudent Methods to prevent the Disorders that are occasion'd by Bleeding or perhaps some other more dangerous Distemper And 't is certain that in such cases the most present Remedy is always the best Assoon as you perceive the Blood to issue out of the Horse's Nose or Mouth or both you must immediately let him Blood in the Flanks or the Plate-Veins of the Thighs or rather in the Neck if you cannot take Blood enough out of the other Parts then take a large quantity of Knot-grass call'd in Latin Centinodia because at its perfect Growth it has a hundred Knots on one Stalk which is a Specific Remedy to stanch Blood beat it to a Mash and fill the Horse's Nostrils with it binding also some of it to his Temples and Reins where the Saddle ends and even to his Stones if he be not gelt This is a very common Herb but if you cannot find it take Nettles and apply 'em after the same manner You may also put the Horse into Water up to his Flanks and let him stand in it two Hours if it be Summer which is the usual time in which these Accidents happen If you are not in a convenient place to plunge him into Water cover his Head and Back with a Cloth seven or eight times doubld and dipp'd in Oxycrate or Vinegar and Water keep him in the Stable with his Head upright not suffering him to lie down and from time to time throw cold Water on his Cods or Sheath the next Day bleed him again and give him cooling Clysters Some Horses have been troubld with voiding of Blood six or seven Days together but it did not run so violently at last as at the Beginning and they were cur'd by the above-mentiond Remedies CLYSTERS The following Clyster will help to allay the boiling of the Blood if the Horse be also let Blood Take Mallows and Marsh-Mallows of each one handful Plantane two handfuls Succory Lettuce and Purslane of each one handful boil 'em in five Pints of Water with an Ounce and a half of Sal Polychrest in Powder and add to the strainâ—d Liquor a quarter of a Pound of the Ointment Populeon without Verdigrease which some Cheats mix with it to give it a fine green Colour or if you mistrust that take a quarter of a Pound of true Unguentum rosatum not Grease wash'd with rose-Rose-water and colour'd with Alkanet Make a Clyster to be injected after you have rak'd the Horse If the Blood continue still to flow take Plantane Leaves beaten and mix'd with Male Frankincense Aloes or Myrrh and put 'em into his Nostrils holding his Nose up as if you were going to give him a Drench Then cover his Head Back and Reins with a Cloth five or six times doubl'd and dipp'd in Oxycrate as you were taught before and throw cold Water frequently on his Sheath and Stones if he has any Sometimes the Blood flows so violently out of the Nostrils that it cannot be so soon stopp'd in which Case you may use the following Powder which is easily prepar'd Take the Dung of a Stone-Ass dry it in the Shade till it may be reduc'd to Powder and blow it plentifully into the Horseâ—s Nose thro' a Glass-Pipe Trunk or Reed This will quickly stench the Blood The same Powder is of admirable Use for Men that are apt to bleed at the Nose who may carry some of it in a Box and snuff it up at the Nose I have often seen the Effect of it and it smells only of dry Herbs but some nice Sparks will
to be true since that which I have seen thus prepar'd has the Taste Smell Colour Consistency and Vertue of the best Orvietan so that you may confidently depend upon it and make use of it not only for Horses but Men 'T is well known at Paris where you may find it ready Prepar'd If Go at's-Rue cannot be had you may substitute Cinque-foil in its stead but the first is the best Those who are willing at any rate to make the utmost Improvement of this Medicine may add four Ounces of the Hearts and Livers of Vipers to the like quantity of the Powder of those Animals prescrib'd in the Composition but so considerable an Addition raises the Price of the Remedy so high that 't is only fit for Men or Horses of Value Orvietan is a durable Medicine and of excellent use in all cases that require Heat or at least where Heat is not to be avoided 'T is very useful for Horses who have a weak Stomach and little Appetite or totally forsake their Meat and for those who have eaten a Venemous Plant or Animal or are suspected to be Poison'd It raises lean and wasted Horses and destroys the Worms that breed in their Bodies and make 'em pine away But it must not be us'd till three Months after 't is prepar'd for so long it must ferment before it come to Perfection You may give it by way of Prevention to Horses that have kept Company with others that were sick of Contagious Diseases It may be also given with good Success to Oxen that are troubl'd with the Colic it makes 'em Dung very plentifully gives 'em present ease and quickly Cures 'em And besides it helps those who have swallow'd a Spider or any other Venemous Creature You must give the Orvietan in Wine and afterwards walk the Horse well cover'd who will perhaps Sweat and recover 'T is generally good in all sorts of Colics and very rarely fails of Success The Powder of Vipers alone is more effectual than Orvietan but 't is dear and to be had only at certain Times when 't is brought from Italy and those Parts where Vipers abound and besides a Horse would require half an Ounce of it for a Dose They who are not willing or able to bestow the necessary Charge on the Preparation of this Medicine may use the Treacle call'd Diatesseron which I use frequently and find to be very effectual See the Description of it in the Fiftieth Chapter They who know how to prepare Essence of Vipers need not trouble themselves with Orvietan for the former has all the Virtues of the latter without leaving the least Impression of Heat It purines the Blood resists Corruption and consumes all Impurities in the Stomach and so undermines and destroys the very Root of Diseases Besides it cures the Farcin but for all its excellent Virtues few are acquainted with the true manner of preparing it or at least few are willing to undergo the trouble for 't is not so great a Secret as some who make a Mystery of every thing would perswade the World and therefore I thought fit to subjoin the Description of it CHAP. XLII Of Essence of Vipers TAke of purify'd Nitre pure Salt of Earth such as you may have from those who make Salt-Peter of each one Pound dry 'em and reduce 'em to fine Powder which must be mixt with four times as much Potter's-Earth sears'd Then put the whole Powder in an Earthen Pan and leave it three or four days in a Cellar till the Salts be dissolv'd after which beat the whole Mass of Salts and Earth till it be reduc'd to a sort of Paste out of which frame hard little Balls of the bigness of Small-Nuts adding some drops of Water if the Mass be too dry After the Balls are dry put 'em into an Earthen Retort distilling 'em as Aqua-fortis is usually distill'd and yuo will find in the Recipient a Menstruum fit to dissolve Vipers in order to which put the Liquor into a Matrass with a moderate Heat and throw a live Viper into it where she will quickly expire and afterwards melt away like Anchovy's in Butter Or you may proceed thus Fix Nitre with Charcoal-Dust as le Fevre teaches out of Glauber who calls this Liquor Alkaest dissolve the Fixt Nitre about the Vernal Equinox that it may attract the Universal Spirit contain'd in the Air then put a live Viper in this Solution of Fixt Nitre where by the help of a moderate Heat the whole Animal will be dissolv'd excepting only the Fat. After the Solution of the Viper which must also be observ'd in the first Method suffer the Liquor to settle then pour off the clear and throw away the thick Substance that remains at the bottom as useless You may also dissolve in the same Liquor Corals Pearl Roots of Master-wort Angelica Contrayerva and other proper Ingredients till the Menstruum be fully satiated and incapable of dissolving more Then mix one part of this Solution of Vipers with three parts of distill'd Cordial-Waters such as Scorzonera or Juniper-Water and give it a fine yellow Colour with two or three Chives of Saffron This is that Essence of Vipers which is so much extoll'd and sold so very dear The distill'd Menstruum makes it more pleasant than the other which has a Lixivial and somewhat nauscous Taste whereas the former has a pleasant sharpness If you pour one of these Solutions as that made by the first or distill'd Menstruum upon the other or that made by the Liquor of Fixt Nitre there will arise a violent Ebullition after which the dissolâ—d Viper will be precipitated or fall to the bottom of the Vessel in form of an impablpable Powder which is the true incorruptible Powder of Vipers and better than all those that are brought from Italy or any other Country Some Persons will be apt to slight all that has been said on this Subject as a long and useless Digression but I hope it will be favourably receiv'd by the Curious and all that are of Matthiolus's Opinion who in a Letter to Andrew Blau expresly affirms That No Man can attain to an indifferent degree of Knowledge in Medicine much less can be become a perfect Physician without a compleat Skill in Chymistry Neminem Medicum absolutum esse posse imo nè mediocrem qui in Chymiâ non sit exercitatus ' Twou'd be needless to transcribe the Testimonies of other Learned Men to prove the necessity of that Art since Nature her self is an evident Demonstration of it who cannot produce one Grain of Seed without the assistance of Chymistry Ipsa natura pro eâ pugnat quae ne quidem sine hâc arte seminis Granum producere potest CHAP. XLIII Of the Second Kind of Colic THE most usual sort of Colic is that which proceeds from Wind to which Horses who are given to Ticking are very subject for the exercise of that ill Habit fills their Body with Wind which afterwards produces Gripings
his Head against the Walls with extreme Violence lies down and rises but with greater Fury than in the Colic for you would think he had quite lost his Sight and he knocks his Head so violently against the Walls and Manger that he is every moment in danger of killing himself To proceed to the Cure bleed the Horse in the Flanks and in the plait-Veins of the Thighs then give him a Clyster of two Quarts of Emetic Wine luke-warm with a quarter of a Pound of the Ointment Populeum after which suffer him to repose a while You must frequently repeat the use of Clysters and about an hour or two after the first is voided give him that which follows Boil two Ounces of the Scoriae in fine Powder in five Pints of Beer After five or six Waums remove it from the Fire and adding a quarter of a Pound of Unguentum Rosatum inject it luke-warm and repeat the same frequently In the mean time rub his Legs strongly with a Wisp of Straw moisten'd in warm Water to make a Revulsion feed him with Bran or Wheat-Bread and walk him from time to time in a temperate place By a careful observance of these Directions you may cure this Distemper if it be not accompani'd with a Fever But if the Disease still continue give the sick Horse an Ounce either of Treacle Orvietan or Diatessaron dissolv'd in a Quart of the four Cordial Waters that is of Scorzonera Bugloss Carduus Benedictus and Queen of the Meadows or some other Cordial-Waters and at the same time prepare this Clyster Take two Ounces of Sal Polycrest and a like quantity of the Medicine prescrib'd for the Potion that is either Treacle Orvietan or Diatessaron Dissolve 'em in two Quarts of a Decoction of the softening Herbs with a quarter of a Pound of Oil of Rue make a Clyster to be injected luke-warm immediately after you administer the Potion Horses are also troubl'd with another Distemper of the Head which is not so dangerous as the Stavers and may be cur'd with once Bleeding It proceeds from Fulness and too great abundance of Blood when the Horse has been kept long in the Stable without Airing Assoon as you take him out he falls down suddenly and rises up again so dizzy-headed as if he were troubl'd with the Stavers But you may easily perceive that 't is a meer Giddiness for he is brisk and eats heartily while he remains in the Stable and falls down only when he is taken out whereas a Horse that is troubl'd with the Stavers falls in the Stable as well as abroad and his Eyes look wild which is not observ'd when a Horse is only dizzy This Disorder is caus'd by the too great abundance of Fumes that rise from the Blood which throwing off Obedience to Nature oppress the Horse and make him reel and at last fall The Remedies for this Giddiness are first a Clyster then Bleeding which must be repeated two days after And to preserve the Horse from this Inconveniency give him moderate Exercise and less Food that Nature may not produce more Blood than she is able to govern CHAP. LIV. Of a Shoulder-wrench Shoulder-pight and Shoulder-splait SInce these Accidents happen so frequently it will not be improper to consider all the Circumstances that attend 'em for many Horses are Lam'd and render'd wholly useless for want of a distinct Knowledge of the nature of the Grief and a timely and methodical Cure That you may comprehend the Infirmities mention'd in the Title you must know that the Shoulders of a Horse and other four-footed Cattle are not fasten'd to the Body by large Bones but only apply'd to the Extremity of the Side and held in their proper Situation by Ligaments which fasten 'em to that part So that by a Slip false Step or undue Posture of the Leg a Horse may be easily Shoulder-pight or Splaited that is some part of his Shoulder may be separated from his Body which cannot be done without stretching the Ligaments In all the moveable parts of the Body there are certain glewy Waters or Humours which facilitate the motion of the Joints Now these Waters slip out of their proper place where they are fix'd by Nature in order to the more easie performance of their Functions and are spread thro' the parts that are dilated or torn by the Wrench of the Shoulder where they immediately grow thick and hard and instead of facilitating the motion of the part according to their primitive Institution hinder it and cause that Pain which makes the Horse Lame more or less according to the greatness of the Wrench The Pain is occasion'd both by the stretching of the Nerves and by that slimy Matter encreas'd by the Humours which flow thither from the Neighbouring Parts You must endeavour to attenuate these Humours and afterwards expel 'em by insensible Transpiration and by strength'ning the part to restore it to its former Soundness 'T is hard to discover where the Lameness lies if you did not see him get it and if the Horse does not cast his Leg outwards or make a Circle with it instead of advancing it straight forward for that is an almost infallible sign that the Grief is in the Shoulder But if the Horse be Lame and yet be free of the above-mention'd Infirmity in his Gate turn him short on the Lame side and observe carefully how he treads for if the Grief be in his Shoulder he will set his Foot on the Ground hardily and endeavour to favour his Shoulder If you cannot discover the part affected this way take hold of his Fore-leg and make him go backwards and forwards that you may perceive how he moves his Shoulder and whether he does not complain and shrink when you put him on these Motions 'T is to be observ'd that a slight Strain or Wrench without a Shoulder-splait will make a Horse halt before but such a Lameness is not very considerable The usual way to know whether the Grief be in the Shoulder or Foot is to observe whether the Lameness be encreas'd or abated by exercise For if it be in the Shoulder the Horse will halt least while he is heated with Riding but if it be in the Foot he will halt most when he is ridden When you perceive your Horse to be Lame in the first place you must unshoe him and order his Foot as shall be afterwards directed when we come to speak of Pricks in the Foot If you cannot discern any Hurt in his Foot feel whether there is not a Swelling in the Pasterns or whether the Lameness be not occasion'd by Rat-Tails or Clefts afterwards feel the Fetlock-joint and all along the Master or back Sinew to discover whether there is not a Sprain and at last handle the Shoulder pretty roughly to see whether the Horse will complain of any Grief in that part A Lameness may be occasion'd in the Shoulder not only by a Shoulder-splait but when the Horse receives an external
frequentlty This Medicine will purge the Brain and make him eat of his own Accord which is absolutely the best way of Feeding afterwards you may give him moisten'd Bran with Liver of Antimony in Powder which will infallibly restore his Appetite If his Aversion to his Meat continue you must have recourse to the Horn and give him cleans'd Barley without the Addition of Butter or Salt which will nourish and moisten his Body The Barley must be boil'd in Water for the space of five Hours over a gentle Fire then strain and mix it with a convenient quantity of Sugar Take a Pound and a quarter of Barley-flower well boulted and separated from the Bran boil it in two Quarts of Water to the Consistency of thick Broth then add two Ounces of Sugar and give it to your Horse luke-warm This Draught will serve to sustain him twenty four Hours at the end of which it may be repeated If the Violence of the Distemper be not abated you may bleed your Horse a second time The continu'd Use of Clysters and frequent rubbing of the Body are always very profitable in those Cases The Knowledge of the Cause is of very great Importance for the right Management of the Cure and therefore if the Fever be occasion'd by exposing your Horse to the Cold or Night-Air you must keep him cover'd rubb his Body frequently and continue the frequent Use of Clysters If the Distemper proceed from hard Labour and violent Exercise you must boil the Water that serves for his ordinary Drink and mix it with Barley Meal feeding him with Vine Leaves if they be in Season and if you can make him eat 'em without Reluctancy or with Panado or Bread bak'd with Sugar without Fat Butter or Salt If the Fever be caus'd by unwholsome Food 't will be convenient to repeat the Bleeding and to inject Clysters compos'd of a sufficient quantity of a Decoction of the softening Herbs with a Handful of Pigeon's Dung beaten small half a Pound of salt Butter and a Pint of Emetic Wine I have always observ'd the Efficacy of Emetic Wine in Clysters but you must take care not to abuse so useful a Remedy for since Fevers are very dangerous and oftentimes Fatal 't is the usual Custom to lay the Blame of the Horse's Death on the Medicines without taking notice of the Violence of the Distemper By this Method you may certainly cure any Fever that continues simple But these Distempers degenerate oftentimes to putrid Fevers CHAP. CXXXVI Of the Cure of Putrid Fevers THis Kind of Fever commonly attacks young Horses especially those who are vigorous and of a slender Make. It may be easily known by these Signs The sick Horse hangs his Head as if he were quite stupid is hardly able to keep his Eyes open and reels as he goes by reason of the Ascent of Vapours to the Brain his Tongue and Roof of his Mouth are blackish rough and dry there is a great Heat over all his Body his Eyes are red his Breath hot and sharp and his Flanks beat violently You must immediately let him blood sometimes in the Neck Temple or Eye-Veins and sometimes in the Brisket Flanks or Veins of the Thighs The Bleeding ventilates lessens the Redundancy and facilitates the Motion of the Humours It prevents the Breaking of the Vessels allays in some measure the Ebullition tempers the Heat and by taking away part of the Cause of the Distemper gives Nature an Opportunity to subdue the rest You must allow him no more Nourishment than is just sufficient to keep him from starving Green Barley Dandelion and the Tops of Vine Leaves are very proper in this Case or for want of these a little moisten'd Bran Bread and a very small quantity of Hay For his ordinary Drink boil two Ounces of white Tartar beaten to fine Powder in two Quarts of Water for a quarter of an Hour then pour the Decoction into a Pailful of Water with a Handful of Barley Flower and let him drink as much as he pleases You may also mix the following Febrifuge with his Drink which is an excellent and cheap Remedy A Febrifuge or Remedy to drive away Fevers Put a Quart of Water with two Ounces of Salt of Tartar in a Brazen Pot with a Cover and set it over the Fire till the Salt be dissolv'd then pour the Water into a Pail and after the same manner dissolve an Ounce of Sal Armoniac beaten to Powder in another Quart of Water Mix this last Solution with the former and fill up the Pail with common Water if your Horse refuse to drink it add a little Barley Flower to qualifie the unpleasant Taste This Drink will allay the Heat of the Fever quiet and stop the Fermentation and Ebullition of the Humours provoke Urine powerfully and wonderfully ease the sick Horse And therefore you must always pour a little of this Febrifuge into the Water you give him to drink neglecting the Use of Sal Prunellae since 't is not expedient to confound Remedies and the Febrifuge excels all the rest that can be prescrib'd Take Assa-faetida and Savin both in Powder of each half an Ounce tye 'em in a Bag to your Horse's Bit and never unbridle him unless when you think fit to suffer him to eat or drink There are no other internal Remedies useful in this Case but the Cordial Waters which by Virtue of their Essential Qualities strengthen the Heart and inable it to resist the Malignity of the unnatural Heat that opposes and endeavours to destroy that which is Natural and besides by reason of their Moisture they allay and temper that internal Heat which causes the Fever Take three Pints of the Waters of Scabious Carduus Benedictus Scorzonera and Queen of the Meadows with an Ounce of the Confection of Alkermes Make your Horse drink up the whole Mixture and repeat it the next Day if need require Above all you must continue and frequently repeat the use of Clysters injecting three or four every Day if there be occasion For there is no Remedy gives greater ease and relieves the Horse more effectually A Clyster for a Fever Boil two Ounces of the Scoriae of Liver of Antimony reduc'd to fine Powder in five Pints of Whey made of Cow's Milk and after two or three brisk waums remove the Decoction from the Fire and immediately add two Heads of Coloquintida slic'd small and after 't is half cold press out the Liquor add to the straining a quarter of a Pound of Butter and inject it luke-warm This Purgative Clyster will give ease to the Horse without heating his Body Yet it must not be us'd daily but that which follows may be repeated several times every Day Another Clyster for Fevers Take a sufficient quantity of the emollient or softening Herbs and Fennel-seed beaten with an Ounce and a half of Sal-Polychrest and two handfuls of whole Barley boil 'em and add to the strain'd Liquor Oil of Roses and Violets of each
The Ointment alone is sufficient for the Cure of the Water-Farcin or other softer Swellings When a Horse's Legs are swoll'n with the Farcin even during the Application of other Remedies for the Cure of the main Disease you must chafe the swoll'n Leg with this Ointment once every Day walking the Horse to make the Medicine sink in and continuing after the same manner till the Leg be sound While you are endeavouring to draw out the Humour that causes the Cord by anointing it with the Ointment of Beetles you may at the same time apply the dissolving Ointment to the other swoll'n parts of the Leg. Sometimes Tumours appear under the Chaul and at the sides of it on the Shoulders and in other parts of the Body If you perceive that these Tumours are neither occasion'd by the Strangles nor have the least tendency to Suppuration apply this Ointment cold till the Swellings be asswag'd The following Ointment is sufficient for the Cure of small and inconsiderable Tumours Take the Ointment of Marsh-Mallows and Populeon of each two Ounces Black-Soap four Ounces and with a sufficient quantity of Brandy make an Ointment This Ointment will also asswage those Swellings that are only fasten'd to the Skin and remain after the Cure of Wounds or Hurts that are not brought to a due Supration especially on the Withers But 't is to be observ'd that the Cure will succeed the better if you apply the Ointment as soon as you perceive the Swelling Sometimes after the Cure of Swellings in the Legs or Houghs by Blows or Bruises or other such like Accidents the Legs and Pastern-Joints continue gourded by the congeal'd and harden'd Humour tho' the Horse seem not to be troubl'd with any Pain or Lameness This Deformity may be easily corrected by moderate Exercise and the daily Application of the Ointment to the swoll'n Part But if it be not attended with the expected Success after you have renew'd the Application five or six times without any visible abatement of the Swelling you must wash the Part with a strong Lye twice a Day for five or six Days and then apply the Spirit of Wine Camphorated and afterwards the dissolving Ointment for there are few Swellings so inveterate that may not be asswag'd by this Method If you perceive that the Ointment is too strong and that it raises Blisters and Scabs or swells the Part add a convenient quantity of Capon 's or Horse's Grease Sometimes you may meet with inveterate Swellings that elude the force of all those Remedies especially in Winter by reason of the Cold which condenses the Pores and makes the Cure extreamly difficult and therefore you must double the quantity of the Remedies But if the Success after all do not answer your Expectations you must give the Fire very dexterously without piercing the Skin Note That in this case you must not apply a Plaister but only chafe the burnt Parts with a Mixture of Honey and Spirit of Wine for the space of nine Days and then with Spirit of Wine alone till the Scab fall away and the Sore be dry Since Fire is the most powerful Resolvent it oftentimes performs Cures that have been in vain attempted with the best Ointments but it operates slowly and you must often wait three Months before you can perceive any considerable effect of it You may give the Fire safely in any part of the Body even on the Sinews Tendons and Veins for it never produces any ill effect if the hot Iron be nimbly and dexterously apply'd without piercing the Skin and if those Cautions be observ'd it hardly leaves any visible Mark I could have added many other Receipts for the Farcin if I had not resolv'd to insert none but such as I have often try'd with Success among which I may justly reckon the two that follow A Receipt for the Farcin The Person who communicated this Receipt was so confident of its Virtue and pretended that he had perform'd so many wonderful and unexpected Cures with it that he usually bought all the Horses that were troubl'd with the Farcin which he cou'd purchase at a low rate But the Observations I made on the Condition of some of those Horses when he began to apply the Remedy makes me inclinable to think that his Attempts were not always attended with Success Take a Root of sharp-pointed Dock two Fingers breadth long and about the thickness of one Split it thro' the middle and having made an Incision in the Fore-head cross-wise separate the Skin with a Hazel-stick and put in the Root laying over it a Plaister of Black-Pitch and suffering it to stick till it fall of it self Take the Leaves and Roots of sharp-pointed Dock and Dandelion gather'd in the Summer of each an equal quantity having wash'd and dry'd 'em beat 'em in a Mortar with a Pugil of common Salt and make up the Mash into Balls of the bigness of a Walnut to be put into each Ear. Then bind the Ears very hard for twenty four Hours after which cut the Ligature and wash the Farcin-Knots with the following Remedy Infuse a large quantity of the Rustiest Iron you can find in two Quarts of the Lees of Wine for twenty four Hours Then take out the Iron and scraping off all the Rust put it again into the Lees of Wine with a handful of the Powder of Roch-Allom and the like quantity of Bay-Salt and adding a Pint or a Pint and a half of Water boil away two thirds of the Liquor Rub the Knots with a piece of new and coarse Linnen-Clo th dipt in this Liquor till they be raw and begin to Bleed If the Farcin be in the Thighs or Legs bathe 'em with this Liquor and wrap 'em about with Linnen-Clouts dipt in the same If the Parts be swoll'n or gourded renew the Application once every three Days When the Knots begin to be a little Mortify'd strew 'em with the Powder of green Copperas Calcin'd They who put their Horses who are troubl'd with this Distemper to the Grass encrease the Distemper instead of abating it for 't is a vulgar Error to imagine that Grass is profitable in this case An easie Remedy for the Farcin Open the two Neck-Veins and take away three Pounds of Blood on each side the next Morning give your Horse a Drench of three Pints of White-Wine two Ounces of fine Aloes and a like quantity of good Treacle well mixt keeping him Bridl'd six Hours before and as long after This Remedy alone frequently Cures a beginning Farcin and is always proper in this case when the Horse stands in need of Purgation You must afterwards give him two Ounces of Liver of Antimony every Day without intermission till he has consum'd two or three Pounds And as soon as the Knots are open'd dress 'em with the Ointment of Portugal or with that of Naples if they be full of foul and corrupt Flesh CHAP. CXLIX Of the Ebullition of the Blood or Blood-running Itch. MAny Persons take