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A19065 Christian offices crystall glasse In three bookes. First written in Latine, by that famous and renowned Father, Saint Ambrose Bishop of Millane. Whereunto is added his conuiction of Symmachus the Gentile. A worke tending to the advancement of vertue, and of holinesse: and to shew how much the morality of the Gentiles, is exceeded by the doctrine of Christianity. Translated into English by Richard Humfrey ...; De officiis. English Ambrose, Saint, Bishop of Milan, d. 397.; Humfrey, Richard. 1637 (1637) STC 548; ESTC S100171 335,831 469

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him did he not deale honestly by them that when he had smote them first with blindnes to hinder their attempt he afterward brought them into Samaria desired God to open a 2 Kings 6.20 their eyes and prevailed Wherefore when the King of Israel would have smitten them and b Eamque sibi dari à propheta facultatem posceret required leaue of the Prophet he answered him smite whom thou hast taken with thy sword and with thy bow but as for these set bread and water before them And this kindnesse c Ver. 23. so much overcame them that they came no more into the land of Israel How much doth this exceed that of the Greekes that when two d The Athenians and Lacedaemonians striving for the honour of the victory over the Persians at Plataees Plutarch in the life of Aristides saith it was given to the Plataeans yet afterward sundry sorts of people did strive one against the other for glory and dominion and the one e Themistocles having this device in his head to make the state of Athens greatest among the Greekes in estimation by setting on fire the arcenall where all their shippes lay was censured by of them had occasion offered to set on fire privily the ships of the other thought it a dishonour and chose f Aristides for vnjust and perfidious rather to do what was g Maluitque minùs posse honestè quàm plus turpiter lesse honestly then what was more dishonestly Now these could not doe this thing without committing of wickednesse For they in so doing must needes deceiue them who convened with them in society to make an end of the Persian warres and closely working them this mischeife though it might haue bin denied yet would shame have so covered their faces that they might not being charged with it haue forborn blushing But Elisha sought not to insnare though they sought his life but to preserve those Syrians whom the Lord had smitten because it was both honest and honourable to spare the bloud of an enemy when ir was in his power to haue spilt it Wherefore it clearely appeareth whatsoever is honestly carried and in a comely manner is alwaies commodious and commendable For both holy Iudith raised the siege by her comely and couragious contempt of her owne safety and procured the publike vtility by her owne proper attempt and divinely preserved honesty and Elisha got to himselfe more worthy praise by pardoning and feasting the adversary h Decoro contemptu then hee should haue done by vncourteous intertaining more profit to the kingdome by saving then hee should haue done by intercepting him What other thing did Iohn the Baptist but consider and examine the point of honesty and thereby discerne vnhonest wedlocke in the King and so grow to tell him boldly that it was not lawfull i Mark 6.18 for him to haue his brothers wife He could haue beene silent had he not iudged it vnbeseeming his calling for feare of death to haue his mouth stopped from speaking the truth and this to k Potuit tacere nisi in decorum sibi iudicasset mortis metu verum non dicere inclinari regi propheticam authoritatem adulatione subtexere be palpable flattery to pretend that propheticall in this case must bow to princely authority He knew because for the preservation of piety he was refractary to a King and must therefore die yet it stood him vppon to preferre honesty and the honour of religion before his owne security m Dan. 13.21 and verely what was more profitable then l 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stoica quae malorum peccatisen su non afficitur refragatur Exemplo Mosis Exod 32.19 et hic Baptistae Observanda tamen phrasis Aug. lib. 22. contra Faust Manich. in vitia saevire nos jubet Psalmista psal 4.4 saevire Apostolus Col. 3.5 mortificate membra that which brought the glory of martyrdome to this holy man And holy Susanna was not drawne through the terror of false testimonie to runne into the crime of incontinency when shee saw her selfe to bee vrged on this side with perill on that side with reproach but would rather by an honest death fly infamy then by seeking present safety to be branded with the stampe of eternall disloyaltie Therefore while she truly intended what made for her honesty shee extended thereby the thred of her life who if she had preserved that which seemed commodious for life before it she had not wonne so great renowne yea rather that which might have beene not only discommodious but perilous also she had not perhaps escaped the punishment of a crime Wherefore we observe that what is shamefull cannot be gainfull neither what is honest and pious unprofitable Because true profit comprehendeth necessary probity true probity piety and for that each of these friendly drawing together in one yoke cooperate in their mutuall offices Gods glory and the good of his people The Rhetoricians relate it as a thing memorable that the Roman n Fabricius discovered to Pyrrhus his Physicions conspiracy Plutarch in the life of Pyrrhus Captaine when the physition of an opposite king came to him and offered to give his Master poison and so to make a speedy dispatch of the warres harkened not to him bound him and sent him backe to the King his master to receive condigne punishment of his treacherie And verely it was a brave resolution that undertaking armes to trie valour hee would not vanquish by fraud For hee placed not honesty in the victory but even the victory it selfe sought by dishonest meanes in a base manner hee reputed ignominious But to let forreine testimonies goe and to come home to our owne Moses and other farre precedent monuments unto this which being drawne out exceed no lesse in excellency then in antiquity The King of Egypt would not suffer the people of Israel to depart Moses bid Aaron stretch out his rodde over all the o Exod. 7.20 waters he stretched it out and the waters of the rivers were turned into bloud and no man could drinke thereof they both sprinkled p Chap. 9.10 ashes toward heaven and there came a scabbe and brake forth into blisters and bladders upon man and upon beast they brought downe q Chap. 9.23 haile mingled with fire and thunder to the destroying whatsoever was abroad in the fields throughout all Egypt only in r Verse 26. Goshen there was no haile But when Moses besought the Lord for remedie against these evils all things were restored to their former estate the haile ceased the ulcers were healed the waters cleared Pharaoh remaining still rebellious to God the land was covered over with ſ Exod. 10.22 Moriebatur darknesse for three dayes together upon Moses lifting up his hands to heaven The Egyptians had t Chapt. 11.5 all their first borne slaine the Hebrewes had all their children u Chapt. 12.27 preserved But to these
against thy office and charge thus to pay what was put into thy hands If thou receiue wittingly stollen goods is it not against thine office to defraud him that lost it It is sometimes likewise against thine office to performe thy promise to keep the sacrament or oath thou hast taken as it was in Herod who d Mat. 14.7 sware that he would giue to Herodias daughter whatsoever she would aske and therefore cut off Iohn the Baptists head that he might not breake his promise e Iudg. 11.30 Of Iephthes what should I say who to fulfill his vow that whatsoever should first meet him at his returne after the victory the same he would offer to God his daughter first meeting him he sacrificed her It had bin better for him to have promised no such thing then by performing his promise to commit parricide You know well that it is a matter of great consultation and wisdome to foresee such mischeifes And therfore let a Levite be chosen such a one likewise that may stand in the holy place f Numb 27.21 consult the oracles of God may not bee deceived in his counsel may not forsake the faith may not feare death in nothing may beare himselfe intemperately but in such sobriety that his very presence may carry with it gravity Neither to avoide intemperancy is it enough to have a continent mind only but chast eyes also lest a casuall meeting vpon the sodaine of some tempting obiect doe crush the forehead of sobriety for the want of this is the violating vnspotted chastity because he which seeth g Mat. 5.28 a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart So we see that adultery doth not consist in the foulenesse of the fact outwardly done but in the intention of the sight and inward motion of the heart These may seeme too too heavy and hard impositions but yet nothing superfluous but altogether necessarie in so great a function both in looking into themselues and that first for the furnishing them for their high calling and then in seeking for a reformed life of their people The speciall grace that h Deut. 33.8.9 Moses in his benediction doth bestow vpon them should bring them reverence Give to Levi thy Vrim and Thummim thy true ones and manifest ones light and perfection knowledge and holinesse give to Levi the lot of thine inheritance and thy law to thine holy i Aaron one and his posterity whom they did prove by temptations in Massah and provoked by contradictions at the water of Meribah who said to his father and mother I haue not seene him neither knew he his brethren nor knew hee his owne children for they observed thy word and kept thy covenant They therfore are his true and manifest ones which haue no deceipt in their inward parts hide no guile there but keepe the Lords precepts and lay them vp in their hearts as Marie k did which in fulfilling their office have no respect to their parents aboue others loue the true worshippers and godly livers hate the violaters of chastity revenge the injuries of the modest know the times what they are when more when lesse good may be done what is fit for every season that so they may follow that which only is honest and may waite their occasions and opportunities thereunto And if it happen that two sorts of k Honestum turpe that which is honest and that which is dishonest or turpitudine vitiosum defiled with vice to use the phrase of St. Augustine are opposite l. 2. de Civit. Dei so also our author taketh it offic l. 2. Tantus splendor honestatis est ut vitam beatam efficiat tranquillitas conscientiae securitas innocentiae so Cicero l. 3. de offic Nihil turpe faciendum bono viro etiamsi omnes Deosex omni parte babitant etiamsi hominesque caesare possimus so Seneca in Rhetor. Ecce torpent ingenia desidiosae iuventutis nec in unius honestae rei labore vigilatur somnus languorque somno languore turpior malarum rerum industria invasit animos Thus commonly Sometimes it signifieth faire sometimes honorable sometimes continent honest actions belonging both to their place concurre to bee executed at the same time let them thinke that the more honest of the two is alwayes to be preferred These may worthily be stiled l Psal 112.1 144.15 continent but here it may bee put for that which is according to order and discipline most seemely and convenient Gloriam ingentem divitias honestas volebant Salust de Conjurat Catil and is the same with pulchrum when it is used as in Tullies offices for comely not distinguished as there but confounded with it and so also according to the Etymologie thereof comming of polleo quòd polleat forma Againe honestum utile are properly disparata but here the same and so rather doth our author meane it as E duobus utilibus utilius eligendum Cicero de offic lib. 1. blessed whosoever they bee The Priests and Levites O Lord that make manifest thy truth that tender the sacrifice of prayer in the congregation aboundantly blesse and their substance accept of the worke of their hands that so the fruit of propheticall benediction which hath proceeded from thine owne sacred mouth may daily bee exhibited to their unspeakable comfort and thine endlesse and immortall praise which livest and raignest with thy Sonne and the holy Spirit three persons and one God in Majesty and dominion without beginning or limitation of time incomprehensible Amen CHAP. XIX here put because omitted in the impression In all our actions we must demeane our selves like men neither is any thing to bee done by affectation or effeminately I Am delighted to stay a little longer in the a Erasm edit patribus pro partibus parts of modesty while I speake to you who either perceive of yourselves what commodity or else are not unacquainted what discommodity it brings Which being convenient to all ages persons times places notwithstanding it most becommeth youth and youthfull yeares But it is in all ages to be kept that that which thou dost may be decent and convenient and that the order of every ones course may be agreeable to his life Whence b Tullius Lib. 1 de offic decori Tully thinketh order ought to be observed in that comelinesse or decency and saith that to be seated in beautifulnesse proportionable placing attire fit for action Which hee affirmeth hardly can bee expressed and therefore sufficient if it be understood But why hee interposeth beautifulnesse I throughly apprehend not Although he may commend the strength of the body we surely place not the seat of vertue in the beautie of the body Notwithstanding wee exclude not a c Ingenium malè habitat Galbae grace thence because modestie and comelinesse were wont to cast over the countenances themselves the tincture of shamefastnesse and thereby make them