them is charity its precedency lies in this 1. In that it perfumes and enlivens all the other graces faith it self is dead without it And to suppose a faith without love is to suppose a man without a soul The gifts of prophesies tongues and miracles are but barren and usless things without this 2. This hath for its object both God and Man we exercise our faith and hope only towards God and his promises but our charity is extended both towards God and Man And therefore love is called Rom. 13.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the fulfilling of the Law it is the whole sum and hinge on which the commandements turn In this one word charity both the Tables of the decalogue are abridged 3. It excells in that it is the greatest note of our interest in God and Christ Faith is that giveth right unto the promises but love is that giveth life to faith It is the very soul of all our graces If we gave our bodies to be burnt for Christ and had not charity it will profit nothing 1 Cor. 13.3 By this we know that we are passed from death to life because we love the Brethren 1 John 3.14 and Ia. 1.12 The Crown of life is promised to them that love God and Rom. 8.28 Love is made the very discovery of effectual calling and election 4. Love excells in that it is the perfection of the Law it is the very end of the Commandments 1 Tim. 1.5 and were Love but perfect in us it would make us perfect Keepers and Observers of the Law both towards God and Man Love knits the Members of Christs Body together and so perfects his Body It unites us to God and so maketh the perfecting of divine love in us 1 John 4.12 17. and here it is we are commanded twice to put on love above all things 1 Pet. 4.8 and Col. 3.14 but once above all things to take the shield of faith 5. And lastly when faith hope patience and all other graces ceases charity abideth Love is not only a portion for the Saints in this life but in the other also then we shall love God and Christ when faith and hope ceaseth therefore justly did Christ in this place and the Apostle in 1 Cor. 13.13 give it the precedency above al other Graces of the Spirit 2. Love brings forth another grace service external worship and obedience him whom we love we obey we serve we honour and worship The service of love is most intense and effectual When Christ communed with Simon Peter John 21. and asked him thrice Simon Son of Jonas lovest thou me Yea Lord thou knowest it saith Peter Christ answered feed my sheep The more love that Peter manifested the more service and duty was put upon him Services that we perform to God not out of love but formality or custome are but as scabbed or lame Sacrifices under the Law which the Lord hated Right ends in our services are First Love and zeal to God's glory Secondly Love to the obedience of God's commandments Thirdly Love to the edification of others These ends makes us a true and sincere worship love goeth through all and is the fulfilling of the Law 3. Thyatira is approved for her faith made lively and effectual by love True faith is never seperated from love they go hand in hand together but love hath the precedency for the reasons aforesaid though faith is first in order of nature for faith is that grace that gives the first being unto a christian but love is the perfection of that being There must be first a knowledge of God and assent unto his truths which is the first act of faith before we can love that God or his Truths but withal I say there is so inseperable union between these two graces no sooner hath faith a being and a body but love comes to animate it to make it sound lively and perfect Observ hence Note That it is not a bare opinion or entertainment of the truth that is a true lively faith but that that worketh by love Many will one day say we have prophesied in thy Name taught in thy Name cast out devils in thy Name professed and beleived thy truths and yet the Lord will say unto them I know you not and all for want of this grace of love towards God and his Saints A sound and true faith contains in it these three principal ingredients that gives the very form and being to it First A sound distinct knowledge of the thing believed I know and am perswaded saith Paul Rom. 14.14 Persons that are ignorant of Gods promises and of the word of eternal life can never believe aright Secondly A firm perswasion strongly assuming the heart As a sound believer must not be an ignorant soul so must he not be a wavering-minded man but must have an undeceivable certainty and truth in that he does believe Thirdly A confident resting and rejoycing with satisfaction unto the Soul surely looking to enjoy that it does beleive True faith hath these four acts and degrees in it 1. Knowledge 2. Assent 3. Adherence and 4. Assurance A believer may have the three first acts and want the latter and a sound beleiver and a justified person Though God for causes to himself known may never give the grace of Assurance yet that faith that only knows God distinctly to be a God of salvation in his promises to repentant sinners through Christ and so takes him and adheres unto him in the love and truth thereof doubtless that soul shall never be a cast-away though God's presence of assurance and joyful satisfaction be never manifested unto him If we be saved it is enough though God reserves his comfortable presence and inward love for us unto another world 4. Thyatira hath another excellent grace and that is Patience or sufferance with patience as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 carries it in the Greek A wicked man may suffer affliction but not suffer with patience without murmuring swearing or blaspheming as the godly doth The wicked may haue patience perforce and unwillingly when he cannot help it the afliction being above his reach to remedy but the godly is patient as it is an effect of love because he loveth much he is ready to suffer much with constancy and patience as Jacob served two seven years hardship for his beloved Rachel so a faithful soul is ready to suffer all afflictions chearfully and with much patience all the years of his life because he loves God and Christ and so accounts the afflictions of this life not to be valued with the glory that shall hereafter be revealed to all those that love God 5. Thyatira was a growing fruitful church her latter works were more then her first done upon better grounds and better principles From whence Note Observ That the gracious works of the more grown Christians doe exceed those of the younger sort in soundness The Neophites or young Christians may be more zealous
the more glory it will be capable of and filled with hereafter Every Vessel shall have his fulness in glory but every one acording to its capacity as there is a glory in the Stars Moon and Sun and one differing from another in glory yet every one hath their fulness So in the Kingdom o◠glory when God giveth to every one according to his works every one shall have the reward of their works eternal happiness but some shall sit upon twelve Thrones judging the twelve Tribes of Israel all shall be shining Stars but some of a greater Magnitude then others But to proceed For I have not found thy works perfect before God It was not a legal perfection that Christ could not find in Sardis he did never seek for that absolute perfection in them that would be in vain seeing they were so full of Imperfections But yet this intimates that the faithful christians and their works may be perfect before God although they are not found perfect in Sardis yet may be found perfect in others that are more sound and godly For the clearing of which understand that sometimes in Scripture perfection is taken for sincerity and uprightness as Gen. 17.1 Walk before me be thou perfect that is upright sincere as Iob 1.1 he was a man that was perfect and upright one that feared God and eschewed evil he was a plain simple man honest at the heart in this sense the works of Sardis were not perfect before God they were not honest sincere and upright according to his will they were Hypocritical in name shew and appearance only not in truth and sincerity Secondly Perfection may be taken 1. As respecting our justification Or 2. Our sanctification The first of these in a strict sense is a compleat perfection for the Saints are compleat in Christ their head as unto justification and from all sin and the guilt thereof there is not one sin left which is not washed away by his blood in this respect they are perfect By one offering Christ hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified Heb. 10.14 Then Secondly There is a perfection of sanctification and holiness And that is 1. In the respect of the beginnings and parts thereof 2. In respect of the prevailing degree thereof 3. In respect of the aimes thereof 4. In respect of the duration and perseverance of it 5. In respect of others First the Saints in this life have a perfect beginning of holiness as to its parts because it begins in every part they are sanctified throughout in soul body and spirit 1 Thes 5.23 though every part be not throughout sanctified by reason of the imperfection of mediums by which they are sanctified yet they are sanctified in every part throughout in understandings wills affections desires memories thoughts and hearts Secondly They have every grace in their souls not only in the truth thereof but in the prevailing degree thereof as when faith love patience humility c. overcome infidelity hatred impatience pride and other their opposite vices and evils So when this work of sanctification is begun in all parts thereof it may be said a perfect work in beginning and when it comes to the prevailing degree thereof it may be called a perfect work having prevailed against its contrary Thirdly They are likewise perfect in respect of their aims and desires God accepts the will for the deed and he that aims and strives for perfection God accepts as perfect though mixed with much imperfections Christ could not find the works of Sardis perfect in this sense neither Fourthly They are likewise perfect in respect of their duration Apostacy from the faith and truth will loose the honor of perfection and makes their crown to wither when a righteous or perfect man turneth to iniquity all the righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned Ezek. 18.24 Fifthly In respect of others the Saints are perfect souls compare them unto the guilded out side formal christians and they are gold and perfect in respect of them and so Christ could not find the works of Sardis perfect before him as those of Ephesus Smyrna c. Hence Note first Observ 1. The great cause that our works are not perfect but defective before God is for want of honest sincerity in them Sardis was blamed for this very thing and for want of this grace she carried a fair name that she lived in her pretended graces but she was dead there was no sincerity and truth in them If we suppose a man to worship God in all his Ordinances and avoid all outward evil yet if there be double-heartedness in his spirit all is cast off by God as abominable Sincerity is that that gives perfection to every grace it is the very truth and spirit of every grace as when we believe we must believe sincerely when we love we must love sincerely and cordially when we sorrow or repent it must be done sincerely that is truly fully without any mixture or hypocrisie for a double minded man God doth hate Sincere quasi sine cera without wax without composition and as the word here beares it in the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I have not found thy works full there was somwhat wanting within to make them compleat and perfect without this ingredient grace of sincerity all our duties are but as sounding Brass and a tinckling Cimbal But add sincerity unto the least and most imperfect of our duties and they will become in the esteem of God most perfect God accepts a Lamb from Abel offered in sincerity rather then clouds of Incense and thousands of Sacrifices from a wicked and profain Cain Yea if it be but a widdows mite or some Goats hair coming from one that is sincere God looks upon it as a rich present and calls the presenter thereof perfect Truth of grace and sincerity is our perfection here but in the world to come we shall have perfection in the highest degree as well as the perfection of sincerity and truth of grace in this life therefore let us so walk before God as becometh perfect ones Observ 2. It is the Saints duty that they aim and press after perfection in all their graces works and duties The church of Sardis was worthily blamed for want of this perfection her works were not full and entire there was somwhat wanting and therefore blame-worthy and imperfect First They are to press after the perfection of justification by faith and evidenced by love and works and so make their election and justification sure unto their own souls and manifest it unto others also Secondly To seek after perfection in all graces and parts of christianity in souls bodies and spirits to be perfect intire wanting nothing Ja. 1.4 as ye abound in every thing in faith and utterance and knowledg and all diligence see that ye abound in this grace also to wit charity 2 Cor. 8.7 There must not one necessary grace be wanting in true Saints though
to overturn all its opposites that asserts That true real Grace or as he calls it a real change of the soul is not pre-requisite as the condition unto Baptism Amongst many other arguments of his against M. Blake's dogmatical faith I shall only make use of his fourth and fifth and eleventh arguments page 96. of his Apologie and refer the Reader to that place for farther satisfaction where there are many more arguments both from Authority and Scriptures levied to this purpose and comporting with this Truth His fourth Argument is They that are to renounce the World Flesh and Divel are to be true Believers to Justification but they that are to be baptized are then to renounce the World Flesh and Divel therefore this abrenunciation hath been practised alwaies in Baptisme since the Apostles times as Antiquity testifies His fifth argument is They that are required to believe sincerely in the Father Son and holy Ghost are required to believe to Justification But such are all as come to Baptism Therefore For the major it requires no more proof but to explain what it is to believe in the Father Son and holy Ghost and our Divines against the Papists have enough proved that the phrase of believing in comprehendeth the act of the will as well as the understanding To believe in God is to take him for our God which is to take him for our soveraign Ruler and chief good This none but a sound believer can truly do His eleventh argument If Baptism be solemnizing of the mystical marriage between Christ and the Baptized then true justifying faith is of God required thereto But the Antecedent is true Therefore Therefore it is said that we are baptized into Christ and into one body and the church hath ever held the Antecedent to be true The consequence is evident in that no man but the sound believer can truly take Christ as a husband and head for so to do is justifying faith These three have I only chosen of M. Baxter's 26. arguments to set as an Antithesis unto M. Morice's positions and as an answer thereunto and if I may speak it pace tanti viri an ill case is much disadvantagious to the most learned man and in this that I have set M. Baxter to answer M. Morice is but to set Socrates to answer Plato And I may add one word that whereas it is objected That Judas and Simon Magus faith which was only dogmatical and formal though rotten in the root gives right of admission I answer First It may be granted in foro Ecclesiae for that may be said to give admission to Baptism c. which so qualifieth the person as the church is bound to admit him as being one that seemeth sound in believing for Judas was always reckoned amongst the twelve before his trayterous betraying act of his Lord and Master and Simon is said to have believed also Acts 8.13 Now the church can but give a judgement of charity and not knowing any thing to the contrary cannot deny admission either to Simon or any other that desires it for charity thinketh no evil and hopeth the best of all and it is an old rule de occultis non judicat Ecclesia But secondly This is not an entituling and having right coram Deo a foedere for that alone is saving faith which God in his covenant makes the condition pre-requisite to such a right of admission which is before asserted and proved and that that gives right coram Deo gives a true title also foro Ecclesiae for according to a charitative judgement they are bound to judge that the profession of faith and wills of such as desire admission are both true real and sanctified or else they would not desire it though oftentimes the sequel manifests that they are deceived therein and hereby it is clearly evinced that the church door is wider then the door of heaven and that the number of the church militant does exceed the tryumphant and is far enlarged beyond the limits of the Elect. And herein this shall suffice Observ 5. That false Teachers are most arrogant and pretend highest to gifts and mission The church of Ephesus found it so in their false Teachers and Corinth also 2 Cor. 13.11 who transformed themselves into the Apostles of Christ and who by their own mouths said they were Apostles they would needs get the honour of men of extraordinary spirits and callings as the Apostles were yet on tryal they were found liars they are of Diotrephes-like spirit that would needs have the precedency and be above John himself and the true Apostles Gaudent preesse non ut prosunt sed quia grande aliquid putant preesse insolentius arrogantius principes in Ecclesia locum appertivisse They are like those in Jer. 8.8 who say We are wise and the Law of the Lord is with us while their hearts are full of lies and vanity and as those in Ezek. 13.6 who saying The Lord saith yet have seen nothing but a vain vision and a lying divination But I should here demand why should those false teachers denominate themselves to be Apostles seeing the number is only limited to twelve I answer Some of the ancient Fathers did denominate the first second and third century after Christ the Apostolical times though the Twelve were dead for the purity of their doctrine and being so near the fountain as Church history manifests And our Bishop Jewel offers to joyn Issue with the Papists so far as the fifth century upon the authority of the Fathers as holding the Apostolical doctrine Secondly I answer This Apostolical office was not so much the peculiar faculty of the Twelve as to debar all others from that denomination and though I grant they were Christ's Apostles catexochen yet that does not hinder but others that are sent for so much the word signifies in the Greek in Christ's Embassies unto the world may appropriate that Title unto themselves as Paul very often in his Epistles hath justly vindicated his right unto it and I know not why might not Barnabas with others that were sent upon the same message with Paul and the rest appropriate the same Title and that justly to themselves also for I am of opinion that those are standing perpetual officers in the church which are described in Eph. 4.11 and are to continue it from one age to another until the whole body of Christ mystical the elect are gathered and compleat for so the words strongly enforce and he gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the Ministry for the edifying of the body of Christ till we all come into the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God unto a perfect man unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ Now whereas they object that are contrary minded That some Offices in the church were
constancy and faithful Martyrdom unto Christ and his truth It is great encouragement to the living to have the pattern of former worthy men before them It is said that it was the reading of Achilles life in Homer that made Alexander ambitious to be his competitor in noble atchievments Again Julius Cesar taking up Alexander's example endeavoured to be sole Lord of the whole World So also it is on a spiritual account Abraham is called the Father of the faithful for his approved faith in the promises of God and they are his children and the true seed of Abraham that walk in the steps of faithful Abraham And so Abraham Abel Enoch Noah Sarah Moses c. are made ever-living examples of faith and godlines for imitation to all generations to come Heb. 11. It much comforts us and bears up our spirits in sufferings when we hear that Christ our head and captain hath perfected our salvation by sufferings he having trodden to us our first this thorny way let us not be ashamed to take up our cross and follow him whensoever he shall call us to it and so in all things else in him that are imitable by us not as he was Mediator but as a holy person and head of his mystical body the Church and so he presents himself as a gracious example to his Disciples Jo. 13.15 For I have given you an example that ye should do as I have done to you As he is the perfection of all the creatures and the light it self and wisdom of the Father so sure o all patterns and examples his in the ways of grace are most sound wise and perfect And blessed are they they that follow their Lord and Master for he is the way and the life Vers 14.15 But I have a few things against thee because thou hast there them that hold the doctrine of Balaam who taught Balack to cast a stumbling block before the children of Israel to eat things sacrificed unto Idols and to commit Fornication So hast thou also them that maintain the Doctrine of the Nicolaitans which thing I hate The churches of Smyrna and Laodicea only of the whole seven did pass the approbation of the Spirit without any but prefixed or annexed to them The church of Pergamus had her commendable graces of constancy in the faith and profession of the truth in the worst of times and amongst the vilest people even where the Seat of Satan was Yet all in her is not well or sound for Christ comes on with a but against her But I have a few things against thee because c. Whence by the way Observe Obs 1. That many Churches of Christ and persons may suffer much for Christ and the profession of Christ yet not sound and right in all the truths of Christ Doubtless the church at Pergamus had and enjoyed but sad and afflicting days when Antipas Christ's faithful Martyr was slayn for then she denied not the faith but held her profession with much constancy The church at Thyatira too was commended for her faith and her patience verse 19. yet both these churches notwithstanding their fair profession they had much rottenness and unsoundness in the root their Doctrines were not strait that they had among them there were those in the one held the doctrines of Balaam and the doctrines of the Niolaitans in the other the doctrines of Jezabel and her wicked practises both most unsound both in doctrine and practise yet both highly suffering for the Name of Christ We see that the profession of the Name of Christ amongst the Gentiles was sufficient to bring suffering on the Disciples but suffering for that profession was not sufficient to make them sound in all things Some may prophecy in Christ's Name and cast out Divels in his Name and suffer and give their bodies to be burnt for his Name and yet at the last day Christ may tell them he knew them not He that will attain a comfortable Martyrdom for the profession of the Faith of Christ let him first see that his ends be right First That it be truly and really for Christ Secondly That it be out of love to Christ and his truth Thirdly That it tends wholly to the glory of God and not at self This is the true suffering that will attain to the crown of life But to proceed Christ hath a charge against this church of Pergamus and it is Because thou hast there them that hold the Doctrine of Balaam who taught Balack to cast a stumbling block or a stone of offence in the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 before the children of Israel Because thou hast 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thou hast that is thou keepest holdest and intendest to keep and hold thou hast these Balaamites not by accident or chance but by choyce thou hast them because thou delightest in them and wilt have it so Thy habendum and tenendum go together thou hast them and wilt not part with them because thou lovest them therefore thy sin is the greater herein And what hast thou Those that hold the doctrine of Balaam c. the doctrine of Balaam was when he saw that God had blessed Jacob and that there was no Inchantment against Israel he cursedly advised Balack the Prince of the Midianites to make a great Sacrifice to Baal Peor and to invite the Israelites unto it Now Baal Peor was the filthy lascivious Idol Priapus as Godwin's Jewish Antiquities testifie whose Festivals and Sacrifices were celebrated by both Sexes in most shameless postures and manners And therefore Hos 9.10 It is said they went to Baal Peor and discovered themselves to their shame because it made them shameless and to discover their nakedness before that Idol Now the cursed advice or doctrine of Balaam for a man's doctrine is his advice or counsel consisteth of two parts First To sacrifice to Idols and to participate at their cursed Altars in eating of their idolothites expresly against the Law of God and that of S. Paul 1 Cor. 10.20 28 Acts 15.29 Secondly In mixing with the Midianitish women a notion utterly forbidden to the Jewish Nation not to meddle with in such a way So that though Balaam could not curse Israel according to Balack's desires being overmastered by God yet it seems his heart went still after the wages of unrighteousness as 2 Pet. 2.15 testifies that is his desires and heart was to take Balack's hire and reward to curse Israel if the Lord had not overmastered both his tongue and heart and instead of cursing them he was enforced to bless them and seeing he could not pleasure Balack according to his expectation and desires as a Prophet in his malediction yet he was free as a private Machavilian or an Achitophel to counsel Balack that the readiest way to bring the people of Israel at enmity with their God was to bring them to Idolatry and Adultery and so God that was their keeper and Saviour against all enchantments and cursings would
Mountains to fall upon them and hide them from the face of him that sits upon the Throne and from the wrath of the Lamb. This is the terrible and unknown name of Christ which no man knoweth but Christ himself which one day he will manifest when all his enemies are made his footstool and takes the Kingdom unto himself O let this thy Kingdom come and blessed is he that shall sit down with Christ in his Kingdome Observ 2. Christ is very zealous and intense on the punishment of delinquent Churches Christ comes all in a fiery posture against Thyatira and withall tels her ver 22 23. that for suffering Jezabel within her Behold I will cast her into a bed and them that commit adultery with her into great Tribulation except they repent of their deeds And I will kill her children with death c. Christ when he whipped out of the Temple the buyers and sellers Jo 2. did it so zealously that for that very act it was formerly prophesied of him The zeal of thy house hath eaten me up How zealous was Christ in his carriage and ready to punish all those delinquent Asian churches He tels Ephesus in the first place Except she repent and recover her first love and do her first works he will come quickly and remove her candlestick out of its place To Pergamus he saith Repent or I come quickly against thee with the sword of my mouth How zealous was Christ against the zeal-fallen church of Laodicea cap. 3. 15 16. I know thou art neither hot nor cold I would thou wert cold or hot so then because thou art lukewarm I will spew thee out of my mouth You see Christ will not spare his delinquent churches but come quickly against them except they repent And this proceeding of Christ with his Churches answers to this apparition of his to Iohn who hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire and feet like burning brass cap. 1. 14 15. Vers 19. I know thy works and charity and service and faith and thy patience and thy works and the last to be more then the first All those graces here mentioned by the Spirit and found in the church of Thyatira are to be understood of true â—eal graces not only so in appearance and opinion but in truth and sincerity and therefore Christ before he fals on the charge against her first he gives an approbation and an encouragement to her graces and in effect tels her 'T is true O church of Thyatira I must acknowledg thy works of grace as thy true love towards me which hath produced and brought forth in thee the happy fruits of thy zealous service and thy faith enlivened by love together with thy constant patience under sufferings for my names sake and by this it appeareth that thou hast received the truth in the love thereof and withal I must add unto thy praise that there is a growth and improvment in those gracious works and the last to be more then the first That is Though thy first works were done out of much zeal yet the latter were done on more certain and sober grounds of knowledg and sincerer ends then the first and therefore as thou hast made an improvement of thy graces so thou art more in esteem and thy works also then at the first By the way here Observ We may Observe Though the Church of Thyatira be never so blame-worthy yet Christ will give her her due and set too his Seal of approbation to all that is sound and righteous in her It seems there were graces sufficient in Thyatira to denominate her a golden candlestick and a church of Christ notwithstanding Christ had a few things to say against her it savors not of the Dove-like spirit of Christ and love when any shall be so rigid as will not acknowledg such societies to be churches of Christ because some imperfections in them either in doctrine or manners though otherwise abounding in works of holiness as love to God and his Saints and faith towards Jesus Christ zeal towards God's worship and service and in suffering for Christ's sake Doubtless with some rigid persons in these days the churches of Pergamus and Thyatira would be unchurched and anathematized by them had they but authority over them though Christ had set his Seal upon them and marked them as golden candlesticks As in a natural body some members may be rotten and dead and yet a lively body So in those spiritual bodies politiques there may be som members rotten and dead at the root yet the body still an organical body and no great hinderance to the whole And again in a natural body there may be a catholique disease seasing upon every part and member of the body which may render it very uncapable for its seruices and yet still a lively body So it may be in a church a body politique it may be catholiquely sick and infected with some venomous disease some pestifferous doctrine or other and yet a church still though a decrepid infirm and lame one but when the disease comes to be mortal leaprous or incurable it is time then to cry out Sum impurus sum impurus Procul hinc procul ite For the words I know thy works and thy loue c. Here we see the good works that God does approve of in his people and does also render them as approved Saints both unto themselves and the whole world Christ alone is the publique approved person in the room of all his members in the sight of God as unto justification and perfect righteousness yet before these graces does appear in the Saints to evidence their calling they are but the children of wrath as well as others Election does secure our eternal estate but before the spirit of grace comes to evidence it by faith that worketh by love sin and death hath dominion over us And though we are heirs of all in God's predetermination yet differ we not at all from servants in the state of unregeneracy yea therein we are slaves and captives to sin and Satan These gracious works are called thy works though they are the gifts of God and wrought by his spirit in us yet God's goodness does call them ours because they are acted by the instrumentality of our souls as passing through our wils affections and understandings and here love or charity is put in the first place among all the graces of the Spirit Whether love in order of nature is before faith I shall not here dispute only thus much I say that all generally grant that faith's first act is an assent to the truth as unto a proposition now unless love come in to ingrediate the affection unto the truth proposed it will only be but a bare opinion and never come to a lively faith Secondly I say love is here proposed as first in order as being the most excellent Gospel grace 1 Cor. 13. throughout Now abideth faith hope and charity but the greatest of
needs be sure and firm for In him according to that of the Apostle 2 Cor. 1.20 are all the promises of God yea and Amen and that he may get the better faith and credence thereunto he adds another title The faithful and true witness Paul could publiquely profess That he was a faithful witness of the mind and counsel of God to his discsples and that he had hid nothing back that did necessarily conduce to their salvation and think ye that Christ in these Revelations hath not dealt as the faithful and true witness who is the God of all truth himself O ye of little faith that will not believe the truth of those Prophesies the downfal of the Beast Babylon and the whore together with the resurrection of the witnesses and the churches glorious restored state on earth before the end of the world which are clearly and fully asserted and evidenced from this book of Prophesies Hath not Christ promised it that is the Amen in whom all the promises are yea and Amen and coming from him that is the true and faithful witness that can never fail And to take off all suspition of failure of the truth of those prophesies there is a third property here added The beginning of the Creation of God This hath relation to that description of Christ in chap. 1. v. 8. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It may be rendred either The beginning of the Creation of God or The principality of the Creation of God For Christ is both the beginning of all creatures for by him all things were made and without him nothing were made and he is also the supreme Prince and Governour of all the works of the creation for so it necessarily follows That all things should be subject to his principality and government who did at first create them and give a Being to them Therefore to shut up this The sayings of these Prophesies in this book must needs be sure and come to pass in their appointed seasons seeing the Amen the faithful and true witness and the Creator Preserver and Governour of all the works of the Creation hath said and spoken them who will not then believe them coming first from so faithful and true a witness and from one who is the beginning and Prince of the whole creation and therefore most able to perform them Verse 15. I know thy works that thou art neither cold nor hot I would thou wert cold or hot This church of Laodicea as she comes last in place so she comes last in spiritual graces of all her sister churches Christ findes nothing in her that is truly commendable Even in the churches of Sardis and Pergamus though as good as dead and mixed with much corruptions yet there was found in them somwhat praise-worthy some undefiled Names that were not carried aside by the false Doctrines of Jezebel but in Laodicea nothing is found commendable and therefore she hears of nothing from Christ but matter of reproof and of the desperateness of her spiritual state and condition Doubtless there were some sincere faithful Witnesses in this church of Laodicea notwithstanding the Spirit 's silence in it or else she could not be properly numbred as one of the golden candlesticks or as a church of Christ their number being but small they were not sufficient to give a denomination unto the whole for indeed a body politique whither civil or spiritual is to be denominated sound or unsound from the major part as in the case of particular souls or persons if grace be more prevalent in degree in the soul then sin and corruption it is to be tearmed a sincere gracious soul but if sin be most prevalent it may be justly tearmed a sinful and unregenerate soul So is the case of political churches if their frame constitution and matter be most unsound and corrupt such churches are not to be denominated sound healthful bodies We are not to call darkness light or light darkness Though for their profession of their faith they be called churches of Christ yet for the deadness thereof they may with Sardis be rightly tearmed dead ones yea twice dead and to be plucked up by the roots Doubtless under Prelacy both English and Romish there were and are diverse pretious christians and Saints of Christ as in the days of Elijah when the Idol of Baal and his worship and the Priests thereof were exalted yet then in that corrupt state of Israel there were seven thousand that bowâ—d not the knee to Baal yet them few faithful ones in the days of Elijah or those in the days of Prelacy c. Popery came far short to denominate Israel at that time or our English or Forraign Nations under that corrupt frame or temper of antichristian Prelacy to be praise-worthy churches or sound sincere and healthful in their general matter frame or constitution But to return to the charge against Laodicea I know thy works that thou art neither cold nor hot Laodicea was of a strange mongrel composure and temper neither cold nor hot moulded and compacted as a certain odd extraction of two contraries cold and heat I thought before this that that maxime was in all things unquestionable In medio consistit virtus It seems true Religion will not admit of that Principle for Laodicea is here blamed to be in the mean that is in a frame or temper which is neither hot nor cold By hot is here understood one that is zealous fervent in spirit for the truth and worship of God that cannot endure any corruptions will-worships or superstitions shall be admitted in the true christian Worship and Religion and such a one is called a hot fervent or zealous christian and this can never be too intense as unto the degrees thereof if it be considerate and according to sound knowledg The ignorant inconsiderate zeal is reproued and condemned as dangerous and pernitious not the sound and orthodox It is not with God's graces as with moral habits of vertues wherein both the extreams straying from mediocrity either in the excess or in the defect are faults and vices as the excess of liberality may run into prodigality and the defect into covetous parsimony or the excess in fortitude may be called temerity and fool-hardiness and the defect cowardise and pusilanimity and so in the rest but in gracious habits the case is different Souls cannot exceed therein Be ye holy as your heavenly Father is holy no less then an aim unto perfection will serve turn be zealous fervent boyling hot for God and his truth it being sound and considerate it will admit of no mediocrity Lukewarmness or half friend to God and his ways is equally an abomination in God's sight for he requires the whole heart as is coldness or deadness it self and therefore this strange commixture of tempers in Laodicea is exploded by Christ as most dangerous and pernitious and therefore adds I would thou wert cold or hot Hence Note Observ A lukewarm temper among
2.28 There is a God in Heaven which revealeth Mysteries to him be all the Glory But to You worthy Sir I have nothing more to add nor for you a greater good to pray then that God who having exalted you in Authority and Power into that likeness of himself so he would Engrave upon you another image or likeness of his own true wisdom and give you an enlightned wise Solomon-like discerning heart whereby you may dayly see more and more into the great and glorious discoveries of the Truths of God in this Book of Prophesies and else-where in the holy Word of God that you may have your ayms right and your heart fixed to prosecute those ends and that in integrity which God in your present Employments hath called you unto The work of this present generation for all Christian Worthies to set their hands and hearts to being as I conceive if not to the downfal of the Throne of the Beast yet at least to the Eclipsing of the Austrian Sun the great Pillar of the Antichristian State And that your heart and hand may not be wanting amongst the chiefest of the Christian Worthies in those great transactions is the great desire of him that is Your Worships Most Humble and Faithful Servant William Hicks To the Judicious Christian READER READER IT is very well known that amongst most that are conversant in the profoundest Speculations and in searching out hidden Verities they are various in their Projects and their Cogitations are usually fixed upon divers ends Some know that they may be known and this is vanity Some know that they may know and this is curiosity Others know that they may edifie and this is charity How distasteful the two former are to all judicious persons and how desirable the latter is to all knowing Christians I need not inculcate The latter being my choice I hope thy candour and the uprightness of my ends will Apologize for me in that I appear in Publique now among the croud in Print and at such a time wherein as one wittily observed viz. Heylins Geogr. in folio 865. The Treasury of Learning was never so full and yet never more empty by reason of the many vain frothy and unnecessary discourses it abounds with from the Scriblers and idle Paper-blurrers of these days and if I have gone beside my self to become one of that number by playing the fool in Print I must say as Paul did to his Corinthians 2 Cor. 5.13 Sive insanimus Deo insanimus sive sâ—na mente sumus vobis sana mente sumus So if I have played the fool herein it is unto God and for your sakes Christians that I have done it But if thou askest me to what end I fall upon this task of interpreting this Book of Prophesies seeing many have already attempted it whereof some are come off with loss yet others with more credit and proficiency I answer Indeed in all our actions and undertakings of this kinde we are to enquire in the first place Cui bono To what good for what end we do effect them For the end crowns all our actions and adds perfection to them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Exitus actu probat The excellency of our works appears and are distinguished by their ends Therefore though my labour herein may by some be accounted superfluous and my self to be justly numbred among the former sort that have Oleum Operam perdiderunt that is come off with loss in their undertakings yet I believe the indifferent and ingenious Reader will be of another minde concerning it when God hath given him and my self opportunity to go thorow with it though I must confess it will partake of much weakness and imperfections from the Instrument yet I trust the Reader will find my ends high and honourable enough and of sufficient excellency to bear up my Spirits in the undertaking and his in perusing and considering And although to some I may seem herein Actum agere to fall upon a Theme fully already discussed by others yet I am of opinion with that saying of Augustines Utile est plures Libros a pluribus fieri diverso stilo etiam de Questionibus iisdem ut ad plurimos res perveniat ad alios sic ad alios autem sic That it is profitable to have Books composed of the same Works or Questions in a various and divers stile that knowledge may be conveyed to very many to some in one manner to others after another Though I shall not much boast of my impartiality in Interpreting and Applying those Prophetical Visions yet I assure the Reader as far as I know mine own heart it was single and unbyassed in this undertaking having first desired God to guide my Vnderstanding and Pen aright to write no more then what did genuinely rise from the substance and coherence of the Text or what might be extracted therefrom by good consequence or what did naturally flow from the proper tendency of the Figures and Hierogliphique characters of each Vision in this Book interpreted not according to private Judgement nor unto the Interest of any Party or Faction being free from any such pre-engagements all which are to be laid aside in all such undertakings as Abraham did his followers as great incumbrances when he went into the Mount to confer with the Lord in Prayer I trust the candid Reader shall finde the Divine Mysteries of this Book of Revelations Opened and Applyed according to the minde of the Spirit therein for the main made evident by the proper characters of each Vision and according to that full compleat Spirit of Harmony that runs through this whole Book of Divine Prophesies I confess I may come short of some Learned Men who have gone herein before me to whose Labours I must justly acknowledge a due Tribute being assisted thereby unto this Work And though I cannot justly apply that saying of Cicero's to my cause for it would savour of too much vanity and self-exalting Recentissima quaeque sunt emandata magis yet this I may boldly adventure to say That thou shalt find such variety of Collections Observations Questions and Truths herein Discussed not ordinary in any former Writers hereupon that will yeild thee if an ingenious person no small delight and profit in Reading Pondering and Treasuring up the same The variety of Flowers makes the sweetest Posie and various Discording yet harmonizing Sounds makes the sweetest Musick So variety of Truths and Questions Discussed will yeild the greater pleasure and profit to the Reader And though I must needs say that many that went before me on this Theme did excel in true Piety Learning and Parts yet saving due respects both to the Persons and their Parts it is not at all strange if that we in this Age being advanced by their help upon their own shoulders and coming nearer unto the accomplishment of the events and the end of all should see a little further in the Truth of these mysterious
the conquering Saints 181 182 In whose power is it to remove false Teachers 196 VVhether the power of the Keys be singly in the Officers and Presbytery or joyntly in the Officers and Brethren together 198 How will it stand with the Justice of God to cut off innocent Infants with their Parents in his wrath and judgements that have never done good or evil 204 How comes Infants dying Infants to be saved that have not faith And whether the Parents faith is the condition of their salvation 205 c. Whether we may merit by our works 208 237. How are the Saints Co-partners with Christ in his Imperial Reign and Kingdom 212 Is it not in the power of Saints to recover themselves out of sin without going to Christ by faith 223 Whether true Saints may finally fall away from grace 223 241. Whether perfection may be had in this life 225 Whether Christ creates war and sends the sword into the world 233 Whether the Saints of God for their iniquities may be blotted out of the Book of Life 241 VVhether it be lawful to pray that God would blot out any name or person out of his Book of Life 242 Whether the Civil Magistrate hath authority over the Church 250 251 Whether Magistrates may not suppress errors being well advised by a Learned Assembly of Divines 851 Whether the Magistrate be not subordinate unto Christ as Mediator to make Laws for him to rule next and immediately under him in his Church 252 VVhen shall the Jews and Gentiles be gloriously united into one Church 261 VVhether Saints may be said to be saved in the hour of Temptation and yet suffer in it 262 VVhether the tryumphant State of the Church shall be here on earth or in the supernal Heavens 276 313 VVhether the Imperial Reigne of the Saints shall be after the general Resurrection or before 277 VVhether Christians may not be over-hot and Zealous in matters of Religion And whether a moderate temper would not be more advantagious therein then an over-furious one 285 VVhether we are to buy of Christ his Graces by way of contract or not 295 How is Christ said to love those whom he bitterly chastiseth 302 VVhether does Christ always use a spiritual force for the reclaiming of his back slidden people 304 VVhether Christs Kingdom and the Fathers be all one 310 Whether the Saints as Saints may justly expect by vertue of promise in the Word the Rule and Dominion under Christ on Earth at this present time 335 Whether the Saints in order to the obtaining of the Rule and Dominion may oppose the Supreme Magistracy they live under 335 337 VVhether Heathenish or Antichristian Magistrates may be opposed 338 339 VVhether the Saints Imperial Reign be far off or near at hâ—nd 341 342 VVhether it be not lawful for Saints to put to a helping hand in pulling down the Powers of the world that uphold Babylon and the VVhore thereof 346 347 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Or PRAECOGNITA THE REVELATION OF Iohn the Divine CHAP. I. VER I. The Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave unto him to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass and he sent and signified it by his Angel unto his servant John THis Book hath for Title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Revelation of John the Divine And here in the Entrance I shall take leave to insert some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or preliminary discourses and questions which are necessary to be discussed before I enter upon the Exposition of the Body of this Book Quest 1. Whether this Book of the Revelation of John be of Divine Authority 2. Whether John who in the Title of this Book is named John the Divine the Author thereof be the same with John the Apostle and Evangelist the beloved Disciple of Christ or some other person 3. In the last place I shall give a compendious view and taste of the scope and designe of the whole Book 1. Concerning the Divine Authority of this Book I should say very little or nothing unto it well knowing how dangerous it is to move Foundation stones or to question the Authority of any of the Books of God received reverently in the Churches of Christ from age to age as the Canon and Rule of their Faith and Manners If it were not that the Adversary of old took advantage by this artifice to hinder the growth and cast prejudice on many of the Truths of God and to weaken the comforts of his Saints mainly cherished and supported by the Prophesies in this Book The occasion of the first doubting of the Divine Authority of this Book Hence rose in that it favoured the pretended Heresie of the Chyliasts or Millenaries and their adversaries endeavoured to father it rather on Cerinthus the Heretick then the Apostle John thereby if possibly they might not only enervate its Testimony but quite shut it out for ever out of the number of the Canonical Books of God that it might never do the Chyliasts any service more Vpon this ground Hyrome was the first that did most publiquely call its authority into question about the year of Christ 400. and that in pure opposition unto the Millenaries the followers of Justin Martyr Tertullian Ireneus Lactantius and others of good credit and authority in the Church of Christ in that judgement Secondly it became suspected as Erasmus witnesseth who in this particular and concerning other Divine Books also was very unstable in his own Judgment in that some of the ancient Greek primitive Christians did not receive the Revelations as of Divine Authority and this Hierome himself also testifies But on what slender grounds this came to pass I shall presently consider And though it is granted that some ancient Greek Christians did not receive it yet it was by others of the same age and of the far abler parts judgement and integrity numbred amongst the Books of God and acknowledged to have the publique stamp of his Spirit on it There was one Caius or Gaius as Eusebius witnesseth in the fourth book of his History who saith That this Book was written of one Cerinthus an Heretique who held among many other errors That after the resurrection of Christ his Kingdom should become earthly and sensual wherein the flesh should be satisfied again in all manner of concupiscences for the term of a compleat millenary of years Dionisius of Alexandria takes up this report from this Caius an obscure person and as is thought was one of the heretical Alogi who denied as Epiphanius testifies the Word of God and on the false report of this Caius Dionisius doubts of the Divine Authority of this Book But Hierome takes up the same slender ground from Dionisius and doth object it strongly But I answer it seems Hierome would admit of any slender testimony to the invalidating of the Authority of this Book because this book was the great Fortress of his adversaries the Chiliasts yet however though Hierome
and some others of suspected credit and of obscure note as Dorotheus Dionisius Eusebius Caius do oppugne it yet Epiphanius was so passionate friend to it that he reckons them among Heretiques that did reject it and Justin Martyr and Ireneus of sounder judgement and of singular piety did not only approve this book as canonical but wrote commentaries on it 2. Whatsoever that Caius was that fathers the Apocalyps on Cerinthus on whose report all his followers were misled yet the relation it self holds not any resemblance of truth for Ireneus Tertullian and Epiphanius who write very largely of the heresies of Cerinthus and his successors yet never mentions that he held this opinion of Chiliasme or the Kingdom of Christ on earth which they could not be ignorant of therefore this story of Caius concerning him and his Apocalyps is Apocryphal and a meer figment on purpose devised by the adversary to lessen the authority of this book see more at large hereof in D. Homes lib. 3. chap. 3. sect 3. Further if Cerinthus was the Author of this book doubtless he would have besprinkled it with some other of his errors that were peculiar to him as that of the creation of the world by Angels denying of the Divinity of Christ and affirming his generation to be only of the seed of Joseph and Mary as is testified by M. Baxter's book of Infidelity treating of the heresies of Cerinthus Carpocrates and their followers page 129. c. But in this book of the Revelation there is not one word to this purpose but rather the contrary strongly confirmed in many places thereof as the subsequent discourse thereon will manifest And lastly If it were granted that Cerinthus held and expected a riotous and luxuriant Millenary which is now disproved yet this of the Apocalyps hath not the least intimation thereof but of a Millenary of rest and joy in a higher and more spiritual key then ever the Church enjoyed on earth heretofore there is great difference between an earthly sensual reigne and to reigne on earth Saints may be on earth and yet be most spiritual so they may have a Kingdom here on earth and yet a most spiritualized and heavenly one which is fully confirmed in the 21 and 22 chapters of this book And so I have answered the first ground of suspecting the divine authority of this Apocalyps Secondly Hierome the great Antagonist of this book writeth that many learned men spake very sharply against this book and the whole matter thereof as not becoming the gravity of an Apostle being only a common history of things shaddowed under dark figures and hard kind of speeches I answer Rather it becomes and savours the excellency and authority of an Apostle being directed to the then seven famous Churches of lesser Asia carrying in it all along the spirit of Prophesie and the very steps sentences and figures of the old Prophets being full of pregnant testimonies of the Divinity of Christ and of this perfecting of the work of our Redemption and Salvation by his continual Intercession and providential acts of gubernation of his Church to the end of the world I confess the book in the figures and expressions thereof is dark and mysterious but that is not strange in prophetical writings as in Daniel Ezekiel c. It seemed good to God to set us on diligence to enquire into the dealings of God with his Church and people and not to over-slip the judgements of Gods providence which are reserved in God's infinite wisdom unto their appointed times of discovery that from generation to generation his people and Church may be comforted and supported unto the end of all Thirdly Dionisius aforesaid Bishop of Alexandria reasons very slightly against the divine authority of this book when he saith That it doth not suit with the gravity of an Apostle to cast up so oft his own name since in his Gospel he never nameth himself but only pointeth it out by some modest marks as these The Disciple whom Jesus loved But here in this Book in his Visions and Conferences with the Angel he hath never done with these kind of words I John This reason moved Dionisius to think that this book was rather set out by some other in his name then by himself I answer This opposition is but weak for he that writes a History or matters of Doctrine as the Gospel is mixed of both he need not often insert his own name for the truth of that depends on its present verity and other apparent circumstances witnessed unto by the spirit of God in miracles and its operations on the hearts of Believers But it is far otherwise with the Writers of Prophesie for that receives authority by the Author who is known to be a Prophet for in every Prophesie that foretelleth things to come we must enquire first who revealed it and then to whom it was revealed that the person being known to be a Prophet and to have divine Revelations we may give credit to it for otherwise who would give credence or faith to any of the Prophetical predictions or books of the Prophets before they saw them accomplished and fulfilled As to instance in the Prophet Jeremiah who maketh mention of his name at least a hundred times and the Prophet Isaiah how oft doth he repeat these words Isaiah the son of Amos And in Daniel's Prophesie we shall find his name more then threescore times repeated yea ye shall find I Daniel about nine times from the seventh to the tenth chapter and Paul when his Apostleship was called in question by some false Brethren and to shew the excellency of his Ministry how often shall you read I Paul an Apostle not of men nor by men but of Jesus Christ And why should it be accounted strange when John mentions not his name above five times in this whole book and with that modesty that none might doubt of the truth of this Prophesie Having wiped off the objections that have cast jealousies and suspicions on these divine Revelations I shall in the next place endeavour to clear the divine authority thereof and add some testimonies for that end and I doubt not but that being cleared there is no true christians but will receive this Book of Prophesies but as the Oracles of God The testimonies are of two sorts either from without or secondly within the said book Those from without are the general consent of the churches of Christ in all ages excepting in the heat of contest amongst some violent persons to the receiving of them into the Canon The Councels of Laodicea the third Councel of Carthage and the Councel of Toletan 5. cap. 16. decreed it to be received as holy and divine Scriptures Secondly it was so received by most of the ancient Orthodox Fathers as Justin Martyr Tertullian Cyril Epiphanius Lactantius Ireneus Augustine and many others and so this book is often quoted by them as of divine authority in their writings I shall
over This book of Prophesies is full of such discoveries to wit The afflicted state of the Church its security in that condition together with the rise of Antichrist its reigne pollutions and a discovery thereof and at last its utter ruine and abolition and the consequent thereof the Restauration of the Church to glory Judicious christians should account this knowledge excellent it will much help to keep their spirits in a frame and temper sutable to their conditions This will teach them to know that this is a time of patience and tribulation not of tryumphing and reigning While the Bridegroom is absent the Spouse is under sorrow and mourning not of mirth and rejoycing The Scarlet Whore or harlot church sits yet as a queen and therefore the true Spouse sits mourning yet still expecting the day-star to arise for her comfort and consolation See more concerning the usefulness of this Prophesie in the Preface to this work Observ 3. The contents and intendment of this Prophesie is not obvious to every eye Reading and hearing will not serve turn there must be a keeping that is he that will read to advantage the things in this Prophesie must read observantly hear attentively and at last treasure up in his heart what he hath read and heard and so having carefully observed the contents of each Prophesie with a right application thereof he becomes most blessed and happy From the difficulty of the understanding of this Prophesie observe 4. That the profoundest speculations and the choicest truths are hardest come by It is a true saying Quod difficilimum pulcherrimum Truths as Treasures that lye deepest are sweetest It is not unknown what knots there are in the choice doctrines of the Trinity the Divinity of Christ Justification c. and yet most necessary to be known This informeth us several lessons 1. To set a reverence upon the truths of God for they are choice ones not easily come by 2. It sets a check upon our swelling conceits as if we knew all mysteries and the deep things of God but we are creatures not omniscient and it teacheth us that many difficulties in the word of God are the truths of God though we know them not 3. It quickens us to duty and whets our endeavours to the attainment thereof Strive to enter into the strait gate Choice Truths as heaven must be taken by violence and the violent takes them by force 4. God hath hid some excellent Truths under the rocks and laid them deep that the greatest abilities and graces he gives may be exercised therein in the Word there is meat for babes and also meat for strong men both have enough that neither may complain for want 5. Lastly It drives us to God and to pray with David Open thou our eyes that we may see the wonders of thy Law For the time is at hand The same expression is in the last chapter v. 10. which intimateth that all ought to take heed to the contents of this Prophesie because the time was then at hand and drawing nigh wherein all the predictions thereof must be accomplished and wherein an entrance should be made forthwith unto the accomplishment of some and so unto all the rest in their order until all should be fulfilled And in the first verse it is said The things revealed in these Prophesies by Christ unto his servant John must shortly come to pass Hence observe That those prophesies began to be in force and run out presently upon John's time and so continues in all the ages since until the consummation of all This will be made good in the ensuing discourse treating on the particulars Verse 4. John to the seven Churches in Asia Grace be unto you and Peace from him which is and which was and which is to come and from the seven Spirits which are before his Throne Verse 5. And from Jesus Christ c. John having discovered the Author of this Revelation in the first two verses by whom it was given and the Instruments by whom it was sent and received and having confirmed it by a sure testimony that it was he himself that did receive it he goes on with a saluting preface to the seven famous Churches which were then in the lesser Asia by way of an admonitory Epistle wherein partly he commends and encourages them partly he checks them which will be manifested in the progress of the discourse before he enters upon the relation of the Prophetical visions themselves From whence observe That Christ's Ministers or Prophets though they have a Burden or Doctrine of Judgements and Wrath to denounce against a people or church yet they are in the first place to come with the doctrines of Grace and Peace in their mouths with bowels of pity and compassion towards them The work of judgements is as it were a work of abhorrency unto God Why will ye die O house of Israel How often would I have gathered and healed you but ye would not It is God's method a long time to exercise his patience and forbearance before his wrath be executed he will try all means in the first place by mercies by providences by deliverances to win a people to himself he will as a good husbandman many years enclose dig dress and prune his Vineyard in expectancy of fruitfulness before he will hew them down and cast them in the fire He will abide long with his backsliding children forty years long was he grieved by his gainsaying people Israel yea he will come down and see as if formerly he did not take notice of their sins hoping of their amendment by such forbearance whether their transgressions be so or not Ezek. 33.11 God takes a solemn Oath As I live saith the Lord I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked Turn turn c. When God is as it were by unrepentant sinners enforced to withdraw his presence and execute his judgements O! how troubled is he at it He doth it as it were step by step Ezek 10.4 When God withdrew his glory from the Temple first it moved to the threshold then towards heaven v. 19. then to the midst of the city and from thence to the mountain on the East side of the city cap. 11. 23. and so at last went wholly from them This sets a reproof upon such that come like Boanarges sons of thunder with doctrines of judgments and wrath before they have made experiment of the doctrines of peace and grace That of our Saviour may be well applyed unto them They know not of what Spirit they are of Observ 2. That all Christ's faithful Ministers that desire the good of souls by their doctrines are to pray for the encrease of grace and peace in God and in our Lord Jesus Christ and upon all their hearers It is John's wish here to the seven Churches Paul always in every Epistle to those to whom he directs them Rom. 1.7 it manifests our charity and our duty in praying for all
Disciples should be offended because of him and that they should be cast out imprisoned reviled and suffer many persecutions for his names sake And the ground or reason of all this is from that promise in Gen. 3. That God would set enmity between the seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent and this enmity hath abided ever since and will ever abide between those two mystical seeds until the seed of the woman Christ and his members shall become absolute conquerors in the binding up the old serpent who is the father of all enmities and mischiefs This informeth God's people that it should not seem strange unto them when the world and their enemies do rage against them Here a question may come in Whether christians when they are called unto it are bound in duty to suffer for the profession of all the Truths of God To clear this question I shall premise briefly That Truths are either about fundamentals or circumstantials Fundamentals are such as without the knowledge thereof we cannot ordinarily be saved and they are conversant either about the very being of a Saint and Christian or secondly about the well-being in preserving and building up this Christian in his holy faith and these are called principles or rudiments of Religion Heb. 6.1 You know no one can proceed to be an Artist in any Art or Science or come to any perfection therein without some certain rules and principles to proceed by so none can become a true Christian or Artist in that heavenly Science of Christianity without some first laid principles And amongst those Fundamentalls which are necessary to the Being of a christian I believe as some have been too large in the description of their Fundamentals so some have been too narrow and therefore seeing they are not precisely determined by any universal assembly of christians but are left to be gathered up here and there in the Word of God by parcels I shall not be so presumptuous to define their certain number only I say thus much That that Creed which is called the Apostolical setting a qualified sense on that article of Christ's descent into hell to be the exactest square and rule of principles that relates unto the very Being of a Christian that is this day extant and he that is not ready to suffer for the profession thereof is not worthy the name of a Christian Now secondly other Fundamentals are about the well-being of a christian and such are all the Ordinances of the Gospel As Baptism Lord's Supper Prayer Thanks-givings all Church Orders and Fellowships Preaching Exhorting Reproving Overseeing and the like And if it be in our power we are rather to forbear the use of one of them then to defile our souls or consciences under corrupt administrations of them but if at any time we were called to suffer for the essential truth of them we are bound to suffer and to bear them a testimony as a part of the Truth and Word of God But for every opinion that arises about the right administrations of the latter or manner of understanding of the former principles which are but the circumstantials of Religion to set bonds upon the conscience therein it savours rather of a spirit of contention heat and passion then of found judgement and christian wisdom This is to make hard knots where there is none and Christ calls his yoke easie this were to make it burdensom and intollerable The substantial part of Christian Religion is plain and easie and the blinde may walk therein and a lamb may wade thorow This is life eternal that they may know thee the only true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent John 17.3 It is true there are mysteries high questions and deep things of God in the word these are for the exercise of our spirits and gifts not of our faith no further then as part of the revealed mind of God and therefore we believe them to be truth though we understand them not which are reserved until the day of the revelation of all things when we shall know as we are known and when all our ignorances and imperfections shall be done away This sets a check upon some hot spirits of these times that rather then lose or part with their wilde opinions or let them lie unvented would break all the bonds of peace charity and communion amongst Christians and so utterly deprive the churches of Christ of all the benefit which otherwise their gifts and parts might stand in stead for I doubt all sorts of christians of our times are too far baptized into this errour and Satan hath too great a stroke in it to divide the hearts of Christians about circumstantials when as they hold one and the same fundamentals joyntly together The Lord in mercy to his churches remedy this great evil and sin of our times Vers 10. I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day and heard behind me a great voice as of a Trumpet In the Greek copie it is no more but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I was in the Spirit which in Beza's translation is rendred correptus in Spiritu I was rapt in Spirit It was indeed a rapture of spirit an extasie wherein John received this Vision and so it hath been with all the Prophets of old they were acted by the Spirit in all their visions and prophesies they were lift up above themselves and out of themselves when they were to have cognizance of Divine things and this was by the Eternal Spirit of God working mightily in their spirits Observ That the Spirit of God does as it were set a violence on those persons he employs about the high mysteries and discoveries of his choicest Truths Paul that great light of the Gentiles he had his raptures into the third heaven whether in the body or out of the body he could not tell Exekiel when he was to receive those high Visions he oft reports of the Spirit entring into him and taking him up cap. 3.12 and 2.2 John for his better accomplishment to receive those divine Visions he is here said to be rapt in Spirit And the reasons of this is First That he might be the better enabled to take a clear and full view of those divine discoveries which were about to be shown unto him When we would show one things distinctly we use to place him up on high for the better sight Secondly That he might have satisfaction in his own spirit that those his visions were from God seeing he had so extraordinary taste of the Spirit in the first place he might well conclude he was now as it were to become the mouth of the Spirit unto the churches Lastly That his thoughts and heart might have been sequestred from things below and his contemplation raised higher on things divine as a true Prophet of God ought to have Another Note from hence is as a corrollary to the former That when Christ sets up any eminent Officer or Light in
peace through Jesus Christ and therefore beautiful are their feet and so may rightly be represented mystically or figuratively by those lightsome and noble creatures the stars but to prevent tediousness in repetition I refer to the Notes on the precedent sixteenth verse where I have fully discussed the same subject And the mystery of the seven golden Candlesticks Christ interprets to be the seven Churches to wit in Ephes Smyrna Pergamus c. In Exodus 25. amongst the Adorements and Instruments of the Tabernacle God commanded Mâ—ses to make a Candlestick of Beaten Gold Christ in this verse takes up the Figures and Types of seven golden Candlesticks to represent mystically his Tabernacles with men his seven famous Asian Churches wherein his glorious presence did most resplendently appear for it is said verse 13. That he appeared in the midst of them in great luster glory and splendour Golden Candlesticks are fit Types and Emblemes to represent Christ's churches First In respect of their choicest mettal they are golden Candlesticks Observ Christ's churches are of that precious allay and temper that they excel all other assemblies in the world Others of the world though never so great and eminent are but as Lead or Tin but those like precious gold Secondly Gold is the most tryed and refined mettal that is so are Christ's churches they go under seven fold refinements They have tryals from God and man Refinements by afflictions refinements by the Spirit of Grace whereby their dross is done away and so become most precious and shining gold Thirdly Gold is the most noble dearest and highest esteemed mettal amongst men so Christs churches are the most highly respected by God of all creatures the world was made for their sakes yea they are the right heirs that is that have the more especial right by blessing promise and compact unto the world and the good things thereof whether things present or things to come why all is yours if Christ be yours 1 Cor. 3.23 Fourthly It is the most extensive and ductible of all mettals so Christ's churches they have the largest bowels of true charity of any sort of people in the world for they will endeavour the conversion and pray for it even of their very enemies Fifthly Gold is the most weighty of all mettals Christ's churches are of the greatest weight with God all others are but as the dust of the ballance in comparison of them they are of such weight with God that they are to stand in the gap to stay the hand of God when he goes out to execute his judgements If two or three righteous persons be in a City God will not destroy it for their sakes Sixthly and lastly Gold is most fair and shining of all mettals so Christ's churches they are most shining in their graces they are not guilded Candlesticks but golden ones yea beaten ones as that of the Tabernacle was Thou art all fair saith Christ to his Spouse in Cant. 1. my Love behold thou art fair behold thou art fair like a Lilly among the Thorns so is my Love among the daughters Cant. 2.2 In the next place consider the Types and Figures the seven Candlesticks that are the emblemes of those seven Churches and how they suit fitly for this purpose all know The proper work of Candlesticks is to contain and hold their shining lamps or candles as in Exod. 25.37 And thou shalt make the seven Lamps thereof and the Lamps thereof shalt thou put thereon to give light toward that that is before it As the golden Candlestick of the Tabernacle was to have seven lamps or lights to give light to all that was before it so these seven golden Candlesticks those seven Asian churches have their seven Lamps or lights therein which number denotes perfection to enlighten all that was before it they have also their seven Angels seven faithful Messengers Ministers or Ambassadors of Christ's Word and Truth to enlighten every soul that comes with a teachable heart before them Hence Note Observ That every church of Christ as the candlestick of the Tabernacle Exod. 25.37 ought to have their shining Lamps in them that is Ministers and Teachers that are both godly and faithful ones Each one of the seven Asian churches had its Angel its light its Lamp within its candlestick and a church without these lights these Angels is as a candlestick without its lamp or light standing for ornament and fashion sake but wanting much of its honour life light and service which those Lamps and lights would yeild unto it for Christ hath placed in his church some Apostles some Evangelists some Prophets some Teachers some Pastors some Elders and all for the edifying and compleating of his Body the church Churches thus organized with their Angels and Ministers are most comly yea that high expression in Cant. 6.4 may be well applyed to such Thou art beautiful O my Love as Tirza comly as Jerusalem terrible as an Army with Banners Amidst those seven golden candlesticks that had their Angels or Lamps shining within them Christ made his glorious appearance in the likeness of the Son of man verse 13. The discoveries of Christ's ways and presence both in the way of grace and judgement are most clearly to be learn'd and discern'd amongst his churches that have their Angels Ministers and Teachers shining most bright in their life and doctrine in the midst amongst them and like to this was the advice which Christ himself had given to the Spouse in the Canticles chap. 1.7 8. when she had lost or could not find her Beloved Tell me O thou whom my soul loveth where thou feedest Where thou makest thy flocks to rest at Noon His answer is If thou know not thou fairest among women Go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock and feed thy Kids beside the Shepherds Tents Therefore O thou the beloved of my soul cause my soul that by its wandrings have long missed thee to seek for thee among thy golden candlesticks in thy Ordinances and holy Assemblies in the midst whereof thou dost appear that my soul which languisheth may be comforted with Apples and stayed with Flaggons with spiritual comforts and refreshments from thy self who dwellest in the gardens and feedest thy flocks beside the Shepherds Tents Observ 2. That Christ's churches are his chiefest Treasuries here on earth of light and truth If souls desire to come into the true light and truth of God where should they rather repair then unto those golden candlesticks whose proper service is to hold forth light unto all comers Christ is found walking in the midst of them verse 1â— and therefore where the Sun runs its course there must needs be light in that Firmament and much glory and for this reason in this place these seven famous Asian churches are represented by the figures of seven golden candlesticks and also in Zach. 4.3 c. the ancient church of the Jews is represented by a golden candlestick with seven Lamps
one stroke whereas we generally grant that the Law which is moral natural is both divine spiritual our duty and perpetual there is no relaxation to the least Iota of it Secondly We grant the Judicial Law of Moses to be very useful in many particulars for the use and imitation of the church under the Gospel but for the ceremonial part of that Law it is quite dead unto us and is part of that hand-writing of Ordinances which is nailed unto Christ's cross and to give a restauration and resurrection unto it either in its self or in allusions drawn from it pressed home upon the conscience is to add Circumcision unto the Gospel and in effect to lay a yoke upon the necks of the disciples which we nor our fathers were ever able to bear and so by consequence to make Christ of none effect For if the Ceremonial Law and the Judaical Judicial Law as particularly relating to that Nation be void and non-obliging unto christians under the Gospel as all sound Protestants confess and is this day made good and avowed by their general practise for what sort of christians do strictly bind themselves up to the Judicials of Moses but do pick and chuse as they please For as I said but now many good things are in them both useful and imitable for Christian Commonweals to adhere to but to make them of absolute necessity as cogent upon the conscience I know no sound church or teachers does so undertake to become its Advocate and if any should be so heterodox I am resolved and should give it as advice to others to hold fast that liberty wherein Christ hath made us free And if the Judicial Law together with all its Ceremonials as all sound Divines grant and confess and practise accordingly be null and void and non-constringent unto christians then how unequal and unjust it is to make it a foundation or corner stone to build any Gospel ordinance thereon For the Basis being unsound and sandy the structure cannot hold but must needs fall to the ground together and all such conclusions as are extracted from such unsound premises are rather exotique then concentrique with the Word of truth For what have we to do with Legal Types and Shaddows which are long since putrified in their graves And we may say of them as Mary said to Christ concerning her brother Lazarus Lord by this it stinketh We have the Anti-type Christ himself the true substance of all Judaical Types and Shaddows who is the sole Lord of his house and Head of his church who of common elements of Water Bread and Wine by vertue of his Institution hath made them unto us Spiritual water of Regeneration and Spiritual symbols of his Flesh and Blood which are mystically and Sacramentally communicated to every worthy receiver and this Lord as a faithful Legislator hath declared his will about those Ordinances about the manner of the administrations together with the subjects thereof and though some assert that the truth hereabout lies deep and of difficult discerning and I believe it true as unto them and those by reason of the great dust they themselves raise about it as the Fox in the Fable that went to sweep the house with his tail who in stead of cleansing the house made it more filthy by the dust he raised about it but for my part I conceive these two great Gospel ordinances to be plain and clear to plain and simple hearted christians in all the necessary circumstantials thereof as about the manner of their administrations the qualification of the subjects c. for these Ordinances were not instituted alone for philosophical christians but were also subjected to the cognizance and for the edification of all sorts of christians that were not Academicks and therefore their significancy obvious unto all in all such particulars that makes but a reasonable enquiry thereunto and therefore I should judge such as Sophisters and vain Janglers as go about to darken the truth of those two great Gospel lights or Sacraments by analogical arguments levied from the Judicials or Ceremonials of Moses to support them withal or to evidence their truth either in themselves or in any circumstantials thereof whereas they are sufficiently supported and virtuated by a clear light in themselves to wit their own genuine Institutions And here rightly may be appplyed that of the Poet Ne te quesiveris extra And for him that is otherwise minded Cre dat Judeus Apella Non ego But to return to M. Morice from whose answer I have somwhat digressed I shall take leave to present him with few arguments out of that learned M. Baxter being my self very conscious to be Impar congressus Achilli In his book for Infant Baptism against M. Bedford p. 299. this argument of his offers it self If both in the Institution and every example of Baptism through all the Bible the first grace be prerequisite as a condition then the Ordinance was not instituted for the confirming of that first grace but in the Institution and every example of Baptism through all the Bible the first grace is prerequisite as a condition Therefore the Ordinance was not instituted to confer it By the first Grace it is his own words I still mean that Grace which consisteth in a real change of the soul whether habitual or actual or if you will call it seminal or radical you may By prerequisite as a condition I mean either in the party or another for him The force of the consequence is evident in that otherwise Baptism should be instituted to give men that which is pre-required in them and so which they have already as to all them that are capable of it The Antecedent is undeniable as might be manifested by a recital of the particular Texts could we stay so long upon it John required a profession of repentance in those he baptized Jesus first made them Disciples and then by his Apostles baptized them John 4.1 The solemn Institution of it as a standing Ordinance to the Church which tells us fully the end is in Matth. 28.19 20. Go and Disciple me all Nations Baptizing them c Now for the aged a Disciple and a Believer are all one Mark 16.16 He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved Acts 2.38 Repent and be baptized every one c. 41. They that gladly received the Word were baptized Acts 8.12 13. The Samaritans believed and were baptized both men and women Simon himself believed and was baptized Acts 8.36 37. If thou believest with all thy heart thou mayest be baptized And he answered I believe c. Acts 9. Paul believed upon Ananias instruction and then was baptized Acts 10.47 48. and 16.15.33 and 18.8 and 19.4 5 c. Thus far M. Baxter in this place And to see his clearness herein is admirable and what advantage a learned man hath when he hath Truth on his side Which argument is able though by him managed there to another end
by interposing an intervening necessity and clear obstacle thereunto and therein God loves obedience better then sacrifice Secondly I answer That the first Ministerial Reformers never maintained a personal succession of Ministery and Officers from the Apostles lineally through the loyns of Antichrist but only a succession of doctrine which in all ages was by the invisible church maintained and asserted somtimes with more perspicuity and visibility then other for if we should grant a personal succession of officers and Ministery from the Apostles days we must needs also grant a perpetual and necessary visibility of a church and consequentially a truth of Ministery and Ordinances of Christ in the Antichristian state and how a true christian Ministery and Ordinances can be found in that Antichristian state in that man of sin that mistery of iniquity that whore of Babylon as I formerly said I know not or how the same state can be both meerly antichristian and christian a Whore of Babylon and a Spouse of Jesus Christ a Ministery of God and a mysterie of iniquity a Temple of God and oâ— Idols I leave it to the Judicious to consider In the next place in the affirmative I hold That a true and Justifiable call respecting the essence thereof may be received in any the churches of Christ holding the foundation aright of godliness towards God and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ though otherwise differing among themselves in many circumstantial points yet de bene esse it may more comfortably be received from one church then another as formerly was evinced the more pure spiritual and sound the churches are the more sound spiritual and edifying their Ministerial functions are the more loose unsound and corrupted the churches are the more corrupt and loose their Ministerial call will be Therefore the godliest churches and soundest in the faith are in the first place for missions Ministerial calls and offices to be sought and repaired unto But if any one should ask me what I thought then of the present Ministery of England as now constituted who as Presbyters ordain one another to their Ministerial offices who were first ordained themselves by the late Bishops and so holding their ordination from them as from true Presbyters I answer and I think it not meet but contrary to the simplicity of the Gospel to cloud my judgement in any thing If the English Presbyterie as the Helvetian and Genevan hath done to their perpetual glory had declared to the world that the Romish church was the antichristian whore and so publiquely renounced all ministerial calls as derived from her then I grant such ministery and Presbyters to be true Ministers and Presbyters as unto the essence and being thereof though collating of offices meerly as officers or Presbyters without the just assent and assistance of their churches is not so justifiable as hereafter I may have occasion to evince but if they maintained their calls from the Bishops to be good as by succession of Presbyters they have utterly nullified and undone their case and their call too in my judgment and my reason is for what was not good and justifiable in the fountain and first origen cannot be made justifiable by succession in the streams and branches a polluted fountain cannot send forth sweet wholsome streams causa causae causa causati If that Episcopacy was antichristian as most of them grant though both name and office are warrantable in a Gospel regulated sense from whom they had their first mission and calls how then comes their calls more warrantable then that of their first Authors and Founders If Bishops in their ministery were orthodox and sound how came they to supplant them and pull them down Christ's ministery is not for the work of desolating and dethroning Brethren in the same holy function but rather for consolidating and confirming therefore surely there was somwhat amiss all was not right or else they might have stood to this day Witness the National Covenant against Antichristian Prelacy c. But the truth is Episcopacy as it was then constituted in England was of the off spring and brood of Babylon they always held their call good as ministerial Bishops having their personal calls from such successively as first received it from the church of Rome and so could never be made good or justifiable in the succession neither will it suffice as some say to salve it that Christ had always a church of invisible Saints under antichrist because they must prove themselves then to succeed that very church or those very invisible Saints and not only that but that those very Saints were ministerial officers or Presbyters or else all will be in vain according to their own concessions for men may be Saints but not ministerially Saints sent or Presbyters who according to them hath the alone power of ordination and therefore in want of such true ministerial Presbyters in the succession of the Ministery must either unavoidably acknowledge according to their own principles their ministerial offices void and null or otherwise plainly concede that they have it derivatively from the church of Rome and what a sorry call that is if at least so to be called I have formerly evinced And it is a maxime in Law that quod initio vitiosum est non porest tractu temporis convalescere See more hereon Du Plessis Treat Of the Church p. 3624. and Bishop Jewel Defen Apolog. part 2. page 131. who are witnesses without exception manifesting the vanity of such a claim But I proceed to the next verse Verse 3. And hast born and hast patience and for my names sake hast laboured and hast not fainted Observe from this Observ That false Teachers and false Apostles are great persecuters of the faithful ones of Christ The church of Ephesus had suffered much from such false Teachers for Christ's sake and his truth The false Prophets of old were alwaies against the true ones and caused them often to be smitten and afflicted as Micaiah was jeared by Zedekiah Which way went the Spirit from me to thee 1 Kings 22. 2 4. and that not all but was smitten disgracefully on the check also Shemaiah stirred up the authority against Jeremiah the Lord's Prophet and would have cast him in the prison Ier. 29.24 Yea saith Ezekiel 22.25 There is a conspiracy of her Prophets in the midst thereof not only like Foxes but even like Lions ravening the prey These false Teachers have been always very pernicious to Gods true church What great persecuters Arrius and his followers were to Athanasius and the Orthodox They were the Priests and false Prophets of old that shed the blood of Christ and his Apostles though not by their own hands yet by incensing the authority to do it How willingly would Pilate release Christ if it were not for the out-cry of the Priests and their followers false prophets still exclaim and fastigate the Magistrate and tells them that they shall do God good service in
sacrificing the Saints which they term heretiques or schismatiques and troublers of their peace and union but when you meet such a fiery persecuting spirit in any that pretend to Christ judge of it whence it is by these Scriptures Gal. 5.20 Col. 3.12 13. So great hath been the malice of false Prophets and false Teachers ever against the true Saints that they have never rested till they have got their blood shed It was the Pope and his false Prelates and Priests that first filled all Europe with blood it was the same cursed progeny that brought so many precious souls to the stake and faggot in Queen Maries days otherwise of her self as History testifies of nature good enough Quere But it may here be queried for what things ought we to suffer with patience and constancy and not to faint under the burden thereof I have partly formerly answered this question in the ninth verse of the first chapter I shall here add one word more for the rectifying the judgment and keeping the conscience undefiled herein First Know that every soul is strictly obliged to observe all the Laws of God whether Moral Natural or Positive and to undergo all sufferings whatsoever rather then to dishonour God by the breach of the former or neglect his worship by the contempt of the latter We are not only bound under persecutors to keep the conscience undefiled in not committing gross sins as Idolatry c. but also we are obliged to perform all our positive christian duties though we suffer for it as we find that Daniel gave a testimony in this case though to the hazard of persecution to extremity and would not forbear his three times a day solemn prayers and that upon his knees in his chamber and his windows open towards Jerusalem though he knew his enemies might by that means surprize and accuse him and cause him to be cast into the Den of Lions yet did he hold himself bound daily to the Law of outward Worship though the looking to Jerusalem was but a ceremony ordained by God upon Solomon's prayer 1 Kings 8.9 Also the Macchabean Worthies did not think that persecution did or could discharge them from the strict observing even of the Ceremonial Law of not eating Swines flesh but for it endured all extremity of torments as the Story relates and for it are justly ranked among the Worthies of the old Testament who lived and died in faith Heb. 11. So jealous is God not only for the preservation of his Moral Laws but even of those Ceremonial and Ritual Laws that after he hath discovered his Will about them and commands them they forthwith become morally positive Laws and obligent until their repeals from the same authority are manifested and cleared Therefore by this Judge what a lax and loose Religion does Hobbs his Leviathan prescribe unto us to submit to any Religion that the chief or soveraign Magistrate shall dictate to us and that it is not christians duty to suffer for any Article but for that that Jesus Christ is the Messias so subjecting almost the whole will of God in morals and positives unto the will of man But as to this let us like true christians pray Libera Domine nos a malo Verse 4. Nevertheless I have somwhat against thee because thou hast left thy first love We have heard the vertues and graces of the Church of Ephesus and how she had a just and honourable approbation for them yet notwithstanding there is a tang in the end which shows some defection in her and after all her commendations there is a Nevertheless follows close in the heels thereof with somwhat to be said against her just as it is often said of the good Kings of Israel in the book of Kings That they walked and did uprightly in the sight of God as David the King but withal there is added a but But they departed not from the sins of Jeroboam that made Israel to sin Hence by the way Note Observ That the purest churches and the best christians are not altogether exempted from stains but have their spots and blemishes as well as resplendent graces It was the Spouse condition in Cant. 1.5 where she describes her self and saith I am black but comly O ye daughters of Jerusalem as the Tents of Kedar as the Curtains of Solomon Let us out survey the first churches and christians to elucidate and confirm this truth and seeing they stood neerest the light even the Sun of Truth and his Twelve illustrious radiating Signs his Apostles in my judgement they are to be reputed the soundest and the purest yet see whether we read not of their Maculae or spots as well as of their shining graces The church of Corinth was a famous church yet she had her failings contaminating the holy feasts and their Agapees with surfetting and drunkenness and besides the foul errors of false Apostles as denying the Resurrection c. The church of Galatia was not much inferiour in her wantonnizing after liveless ceremonial fancies and pressed them as necessary with Christ unto salvation and when Paul opposed them herein for whose sake they once were ready to pull out their eyes to do him good yet now for crossing their capricious whimsies is become their greatest adversary The churches of Ephesus Pergamus c. had their several encomiums for their graces yet there were some things chargeable on them for waxing cold in their first love for admitting the Doctrine of Balaam Nicolaitans Jezabel c. If we descend from bodies collective to individual persons we shall find the same lot befal unto all consider Noah Job David Peter c. but I desire not to rake up the faults of the Saints which are not left upon record to encourage to sin but to be presidents of the grace of God and as examples for encouragement unto repentant sinners Because thou hast left thy first love Some difficulty seems in these words whether by first love be intended Christ whom the church of Ephesus had left Or that first ardent affection and zeal which she bore to Christ at her first conversion The latter Interpretation to me is clear Because the church of Ephesus had not withdrawn her self from the faith of Christ as is evident by the two precedent verses for it was for Christ's sake and his truth that she had suffered much both from wicked persons and wicked teachers therefore as long as her faith was sound she could not be said to have left Christ as her first Love and taken a new love or new object of her faith But that for which she is charged as faulty is that she hath left her first love that is her first zeal and fervent affections which she bore to Christ and his Ordinances at her first conversion and this is plain from the next verse where she is commanded to repent and to do her first works From hence observe Observ That it is frequently seen that many true and faithful
christians and churches do much abate and fail in their first zeal and love to Christ and his ways in a short progress of time after their conversion or from their first entertainment of the Truth Paul did much complain of the church of Galatia in this particular at their first entertainment of the truth they were so full of affections and zeal that they were even ready to pull out their eyes to do Paul service who was their great Apostle yet shortly after he complains of them as if they had entertained another Gospel and exclaims O foolish Galathians who hath bewitched you It seems Ephesus was much faulty herein and so were divers others of the primitive churches and therefore the Apostles were very urgent and pressing in their preachings to maintain love alive and of the three eminent Gospel graces Faith Hope and Charity charity has the precedency First in regard it hath a more extensive object then the other two faith and hope respects only God and eternal glory as their object charity hath not only God for its object but the Saints also Secondly it hath the precedency in that love abideth in glory when faith and hope ceaseth Thirdly it is as the soul and life unto other graces faith it self is but as a dead carcass unless it be enlivened by love To know and entertain the Gospel and its truth is an excellent gift and quality yet if we do not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Receive the truth in the love thereof we may know so much as may justly condemn us for our unproficiency but not save us for want of love Indeed I could wish that this were still a paradox That the love of christians is waxed cold for it was once a hard saying to be a christian and to want love I have read that some christians of the first ages after Christ were so famous amongst their heathen adversaries for this grace of love that they were ready even to die one for another whereof their very enemies taking notice with approbation when they would commend the love of any they would say proverbially that it was like the love of christians but now O christians Quantum mut ast is ab illo It was far otherwise with you at your first coming to the truth then it is now then every one loved one the other for the truths sake At the first breaking out of light in England from under Antichristian clouds and darkness every one had his breast on fire for the promotion of truth and godliness Presbyterian Independent and Anabaptist were then all under the notion of Puritans and Non-conformists zealous for the common cause of advancement of Christ and his Gospel what is the cause that ye have now left your first love both towards God and towards one another Is God and Truth grown less lovely then at first Or were you mistaken then in the right objects of your love I rather fear of the both that the God of the world hath blinded you when ye seek to advance every one his particular interest by rearing one the other most uncharitably as bears not as christians who are meek full of bowels of compassion easily to be entreated c. Have ye not one Lord one Faith one Baptism one Spirit one Scripture one common hope of Salvation and yet look upon one the other as the Jews did on the Samaritans and that for some small differences in circumstantials of Religion It would better besuit christians to be like the good Samaritan that will be ready to pour oyl and wine into the wounds of their afflicted brethren not vinegar and gall which was the work of those that piercd Christ not of his followers and disciples Tantane Ira Fratrum Sed praestat motes componere fluctus In the next place all sorts of christians have sadly experienced the truth of this position that they have forsaken their first love Where is the love of the Presbyterian to his Geneva model as if it had been the very Elixar of all church Discipline Was he not even fire and sword against Episcopacy that stood in his way as a bar to the advancement of his Form and now Episcopacy being down and the aspect of authority benigne towards them yet how remiss and cold are they in setting up their Elders I believe they fear the Iure Divine of it and therefore will not move a foot farther without a Soveraign hand for to support it but all this shows they have much abated in their first love Next What is become of the ardent affections and frequent private and publique exercises and assemblings of the Independents Were they not the only men in the world in their first appearance that carried the face and judgement of Saints yet now how remiss and cold they are grown all see How formal or rather carnal are some of them become that were once as fire in the hearth and in the sheaf ready to warm and enflame all that came by by their ardent affections and duties Yea are not many of them that would not be satisfied otherwise but with hewen stones for the building of the Temple evidentially visible Saints for the House of the Lord now content and sit down satisfied in a parochial congregation of a mixed multitude the tenth whereof if so much be good wheat amongst the pile of chaff that answereth that part which they have for their maintenance they may account themselves most happy ◠And lastly How is the great zeal of the Anabaptists so called slaked There was a time when they would compass Sea and Land to make a proselyte at their first appearance how strict they were to Discipline and Order that they might justly be called above all others the Disciplinarians Yet now how remiss they are unto it all know by a too large toleration of errours amongst them And how flat their zeal is for the promotion of the truth all see yea strange how they are changed from their first principles who at first loved one the other as christians and for the Truths sake yet now who more worldly or haughty then they Therefore seeing ye have all come short of your duty and made a defection from your first love take the exhortation of the Spirit in the next verse Verse 5. Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen and repent and do thy first works or else I will come unto thee quickly and will remove thy Candlestick out of his place except thou repent The Spirit sets a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Memento home on the affection and zeal-fallen church of Ephesus and to re-mind her of her first state and condition when she had a greater measure of zeal and love both towards God and his Saints then now she had that that consideration might so work upon her as to make a renovation in her affections and to be-think her self of a recovery of that measure of zeal and love which once she had and bring forth such fruits
to any and after follows a complaint of want of will to holy performances it is a good signe that there is a good will unto it or else there would not be a complaint which is only for a greater measure not for a total want of will unto it Thirly and lastly Understand that Christ often exhibits his commands of faith and repentance even to the reprobate themselves to manifest unto them their duty the due performance whereof they have in their original first parent lost and forfeited and God is not obliged to restore it seeing the vindication of Gods justice is as dear unto him as his mercy and therefore when Christ in his Ministery bids such persons to believe and repent they never complain of want of wills unto the work but rather add sin unto sin in a more obdurate unbelief But to proceed Or else I will come unto thee quickly and will remove thy Candlestick out of his place except thou repent As if Christ had said unto the church of Ephesus if thou wilt not return unto me and unto thy first love by this gracious warning I have given thee be sure I will come in judgment against thee and that shortly and though my appearance as yet unto thee whiles there is hopes of thy recovery be in the likeness of the Son of man one of thy own nature and compassionate towards thee yet know if thou wilt not repent and do thy first works of love zeal and charity I shall forthwith come in another like resemblance having mine eyes as a flame of fire and a two-edg'd sword proceeding from my mouth and destroy thee and thy church-state and that quickly unless thou speedily amend thy faults Observ Hence Note That a speedy repentance is the only means to avert the judgements of God from falling upon a church or people Ahab's repentance though it was but hypocritical and unsound yet stayed God in executing his judgements on him The repentance of David and Solomon for their Adultery and Idolatry stayed God's hand against them and many others of the Kings of Israel experienced the goodness of God in this particular and by reason of their sincere endeavours of returning unto God by demolishing their abominations and idolatries God promised them he would not bring the evil in their days which he had denounced against his Idolatrous people the Jews but should be gathered in peace unto their fathers The Ninivites upon their repentance in sackcloth and ashes on Jonas preaching had a longer date set to their political state and City and this repentance too ought to be speedy for who knows how long God will suffer though long often he does before he sends forth the unevitable decree of execution As God is merciful slow to anger slow to wrath yet know that God is also just and that one attribute is as dear unto him as another the duty we see is presently required and we know not though God defers the execution whether he will give us hearts again unto the work after we have once slighted his gracious calls and invitations thereunto It was an old Proverb Sero sapiunt Phryges which may be our lot if we defer too long and we know that to be true that sera penitentia raro vera and consider how it was too late for Jerusalem to howl and cry after she had slighted the many gracious invitations of our Saviour unto repentance who would have gathered her as a hen gathers her chickens under her wing When Titus the Roman General had cast a Trench against her walls and bolted up her gates by the siege of a potent Army Christ tells the church of Ephesus and the rest of those Sister Asian churches if they do not repent he will come quickly in judgements against them as indeed he did in few ages after by the incursions of barbarous Nations and quite removed their churches from amongst them Quere But is not this a Legal teaching to denounce wrath and judgements on non-amendment or for want of repentance I answer Such as object thus are much mistaken for repentance is not strictly a Legal duty but a duty Evangelical and of grace for the Law admits of no repentance for it saith The soul that sinneth shall die It is the Gospel of grace alone that saith Repent and live that is Return from thy wicked ways and accept of Christ as thy Lord Saviour and Teacher and thou shalt be saved The Law is inexorable and exacts the whole satisfaction as the penalty of the breach thereof which was fully laid on Christ and satisfied by him It is grace alone that accepts the will for the deed and admits of repentance in the sinner whiles the Surety hath compleatly satisfied the justice and rigour of the offended Law Secondly What God hath sanctified no man should call unholy for hath not Christ commanded this duty of repentance very abundantly in the Gospel and very often to be interpreted for faith it self and shall we count it Legal Repent and be baptized for the remission of sins Acts 2.38 Repent or ye shall all likewise perish c. But I confess there is no little difference between Repentance under the Gospel administration and the old Testament administration under the one the doctrine thereof is more clearly taught upon more evident terms of grace In the other more darker and on more sensitive and carnal grounds As Christ under the Law was vailed under clouds and typical ordinances but under the Gospel more clearly preached unto all so his doctrines of grace faith and repentance were not by far so radiant before the days of his manifestation in the flesh as after so the difference lies in the degrees of clearness not of the verity and truth of the doctrine Quere 2. But again some may query Is not this to joyn Repentance unto Christ in some causality unto salvation and to set them both as it were in a joynt commission though somwhat subordinately unto that great end Indeed this is a question worthy the clearing which many unskilful ignorantly handle not knowing how to divide the Word of God aright do miserably stumble in it Understand for clearing of this in the order of causes God's free love is the first moving and predeterminating cause unto life and salvation Christ next is the alone procuring and meritorious cause and as Christ hath purchased the Elect unto himself by his death and merit so as a King or a Soveraigne Legislator he sets up a Royal Law for his Redeemed people to walk by to wit that of Repentance towards God and Faith unto Jesus Christ Now he sets not Faith nor Repentance in any causality with himself in this great work of life and salvation this is only but a principal part of his revealed Will and Law that he will have his redeemed ones to walk in he doth not require those graces in them as co-operating or efficient causes unto life or justification nor as conditions properly
so called for on the performance of every condition by vertue of compact it hath a legal influence merit and causality unto the production of its end Neither indeed is there any such compact in the Word since the fall of Adam that on the performance of any conditions be they never so Evangelical as Faith Repentance c. Justification or life was promised thereupon only the condition of the old covenant between God and man was death upon disobedience and life upon obedience Man having forfeited the one by his disobedience Christ steps in as the Mediator of a better and surer covenant and makes his soul an offering unto death which was the full performance of the penal condition due unto the sinner and so absolutely purchased a blessed seed unto himself and on such stable conditions performed altogether by himself that they cannot possibly forfeit their inheritance being in so sure a hand and are still heirs though whiles under years they differ not from servants that is whiles under sin and unregeneracy are still in bondage until faith come to discover their heirship and interest unto the purchased possession and in the mean time by evil works they are as enemies strangers and aliens to God and the commonweal of Israel according to the old Legal distinction they have notwithstanding Jus ad Rem though not Jus in Re. And though I deny faith or repentance to be conditions properly so called in the covenant to life or justification yet I say they are required in the same new Law Covenant or Testament as conditions improperly so called or as conditions in order preceding one the other and as benefits of the same covenant But seeing the word condition is of late glown so rampant and overmuch perfumed with the Spiceries of Rome I shall willingly let it lie as that other term of merit which in their first births were more innocent and inoffensive and shall rather call them as duties and qualities required in the new covenant by Christ as necessary in all his redeemed ones to life and salvation And when I say they are duties necessary I would be understood not absolutely necessary but virtate precepti and virtute medii unto all such as are capable of their duties but not unto Infants or Idiots that want the use of reason for to believe and repent are acts of the will and understanding which Infants or Idiots are not capable of and therefore we exempt them from salvation dying so if the condition of faith was absolute and peremptory as Augustine once dreamed and therefore was called durus pater Infantum and all others must conclude the like harsh judgement on them also that hold actual faith and repentance as absolute necessary conditions unto justification and life But again If it were true what the Arminian says That none are saved but on the condition of the To credere or act of faith and none damned but for unbelief then I re-assume that some persons according to this are neither damned nor saved for Infants dying such as aforesaid cannot have by reason of their incapacity the act of faith nor unbelief which is a privation by refusal or resistance of the truth made manifest Indeed such absurdities do they incur that assert such absolute conditions in the covenant of grace to be done on man's part yet I say they are absolute and peremptory on Christ's part to be performed and he having fully finished all the conditions for his elect ones by his death though some of them dying Infants yet are saved by vertue of that everlasting covenant made with Christ in for and on the behalf of all his chosen ones of whom he will not lose one which the Father hath given him From this precedent discourse you may plainly conclude that though I grant repentance a necessary Gospel duty and for divers good ends it is ordained so yet do not in the least place it in any subordinate causality joyntly with Christ in the work of our salvation but only as our duty thorowfare or way thereunto commanded and instituted by Christ as part of his new Law that he himself might have the pre-eminence in all things and the name and glory alone of our salvation And this hereon shall suffice See more hereon v. 23. Observ 2. Another Note hence is That the doctrine of judgments and threats is a very useful Gospel doctrine When Christ hath passed with his doctrine of grace and offers a reconcilement freely if the sinner will but turn from his iniquities and repent and yet the sinner will refuse his gracious terms he hath another burden to tell him that after he hath refused so great salvation he can cast both soul and body into hell fire the most obdurate and incorrigible child must have the sharpest rod a smile or a love-token will work upon the ingenious but saith Solomon a rod is for the back of a fool Neither is judgement a strange work unto Christ for as he is related unto his church as a Saviour and a Father respecting his grace and loving kindness so he is as well a Judge and a Legislator and so may justly chastise his church as contemners and transgressors of his Royal Law If he calls us to repent which is part of his new covenant Law as he did the church of Ephesus and yet go on obstinately in sin justly may he remove his candlestick from amongst us If his Lamb-like quality of mercy and grace will not invite us to return he can roat as the Lion of the Tribe of Judah which will cause us to call upon the mountains to fall upon us and to hide us from the presence of the Lamb wherefore they are much mistaken that would shut out as useless the doctrine of threats and judgements from the Gospel which are to be preached soberly and conditional not peremptory and absolute for if there were not a curb and fear of loss and punishment the wanton straying soul would hardly be reclaimed though the more tender hearted the apprehension of grace and love might reclaim and mollifie Observ 3. Another Observation is To take off God's candlestick or to unchurch a Nation or people is the most grievous of all God's judgements Christ could not afflict the church of Ephesus with a greater loss then to remove his church from among them for hereby First Privatively His glory and special presence of grace and favour is withdrawn Secondly The guidance light and comfort of his holy Spirit is departed Thirdly His Ordinances are all defiled and vanished Fourthly His special protection is withdrawn also Fifthly and lastly Instead of his gracious presence they have his presence in wrath judgements and fiery indignations Instead of his Spirit of light and comfort they have the dismal spirit of darkness errour and despair instead of Christ's holy Ordinances they have the Divel's sacrifices and instead of God's special protection over them they are carried captives by Satan to all foul and
inferiour measure The same oyl that was poured on Aarons head ran down to the skirts of his garments so the same unction of the Spirit that was poured on Christ is in some measure poured on all his inferiour members and therefore most dear and beloved to him Omne simile gaudet simili Thirdly By reason of Union Christ and his Members beiâ— one by a mystical and spiritual union they must needs be most dear and precious to him Fourthly and lastly the great reason that Christ's Saints and churches are most dear unto him is In that he hath laid down his own most precious life for them for greater love then this was never shown in that he died for us even whiles we were fighters against God and enemies by evil works Observ 2. Another Note is That though the world looks upon the faithful distressed churches of Christ as a broken poor and forsaken people both in outward estates and intellectuals also yet God sets another rate upon them and accounts them rich wise mighty comly beautiful and as the most accomplished people in the world Is not this a strange Paradox to the infatuated worldling But it is not so strange as true Christ here calls his poor afflicted Smyrna rich for she was rich indeed with spiritual graces that their persecuting adversaries were ignorant of she was rich in immortible Treasures laid up for her service in heaven above where moth could not corrupt or thiâ—â—â—reak thorow and steal which her blaspheming enemies never dream'd of what wise worldling does think a poor afflicted christian wise He looks upon him so far beneath himself that from his Machiavilian plots and counsels he tells the wise and prudent christian soul Procul hinc proculate prophani Yet God tells them plainly That the wise of the world are taken in their own snare whilst true wisdom is justified of her children And God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things that are mighty c. 1 Cor. 1.27 28 29. The wise of the world think themselves a wise politique and highly contriving Statists when they have brought the Saints of God and the whole world under their feet and subjection but the Saints of God know no such wisdom but that wisdom which is of God the eternal Word and Christ who of God is made to us wisdom and righteousness and sanctification and redemption that no flesh should glory in his presence The great Potentates of the world think with their Alexandrian Armies as a Torrent to carry all before them Alas they are deceived there are others more mighty then they the poor afflicted churches of Christ can do more with their prayers and using their interest with God then all the Armies in the world they can pray for legions of Angels and they are ready at their commands Witness the host of Sennacherib destroyed by an Angel at the prayers of Hezekiah and Isaiah the Son of Amos 2 Chron. 32.20 How many heathen Armies do we read of in Histories were defeated by the faithful prayers of the godly or at least their force diverted another way A poor despised chriâ— David with a sling and pebble can do more by the prayers of faith then Goliah with his spear Oh! how happy and fortunate were the Captains and Armies of this our Nation whiles the prayers of the faithful in the land continued fervent for them The Bowe and Sword of the mighty had then no power to destroy for the presence of our God was in the midst of them for a defence unto them in all their warlike undertakings Oh therefore ye soveraign Governours take heed how ye offend these little ones of Christ that they may not avert their prayers from you make good your interest with Christ and his Saints and be one with them in faith and prayers then never fear the boisterous storms or waves that are emitted from the Pillars of Hercules to our Albion shores which will prove but as the daylie surges that washes our rocks and clifts and so dash themselves into froth and vanish Next the gaudy Gallant of the times thinks himself the most fair and comly of all God's creatures and looks upon a sober and prudent christian as a despicable creature in respect of his gay Worship whiles God himself sets another character upon both The one is clothed with the white garments of Christ's righteousness and is all fair with the beauties of holiness whiles the other is only covered and â—â—â—hed with the excremental extravagancies and menstruosities of small earthy brutish and despicable creatures and at best do serve but in the room of Fig leaves to be somwhat more honourable badges of their sin and misery it is a shame to glory in that which are the ever-living Ensignes of their sin and shame and seeing the Lillies of the field do exceed even Solomon in his bravery little reason to glory in those rags of ours Next the Glutton that makes his belly his god and fareth deliciously every day conceives he hath a heaven on earth and that the poor afflicted christian comes far short of his happiness in that he hath not that fulness every day in the varieties of Viands and Festivals that he enjoys But alas this wretched Dives never considered that a poor christian hath other food to eat then he ever knew of he hath spiritual Manna bread from heaven and the wine of Paradice that he is quite ignorant of that he that eateth thereof shall never hunger or thirst more Lastly the wisdom of the world looks upon the distressed disciples of Christ as fools wittols and maâ— men and thinks them to be so indeed But on the contrary the judicious christian knows the wisdom of the world to be foolishness and madness to purpose for who but fools and mad-men would perversly run on in the ways of destruction as the wisdom of the world does prompt unto Whilst Christ's faithful ones though suppressed and broken by afflictions and tribulations yet do walk in the way of life and shine as Stars in the Firmament of their Churches and Graces Observ 3. That the sharpest persecution comes from such as are the highest pretenders to truth and godliness The Jews were such that boasted much of their divâ—â—â—cles and priviledges from Abraham Luke 3.8 yet â—ere the most inveterate and bitter adversaries to the Gospel of Christ and to the primitive Apostolical churches of any persons in the world Witness their reproachful blasphemies which consisted not only against Christ himself but against his members also They reproached him that he had a divel and that by Beelzobub he did his miracles and cast out divels yea their malice was not only to him living but reached him after his crucifiction and resurrection that if possibly they could destroy or weaken the faith of his disciples and withal hinder the promulgation of the truth and to that
end blasphemed and raised a most false report touching his resurrection and affirmed That his Disciples came and stole him away out of his Sepulcher and that he was not indeed risen as they affirmed but conveyed away closely by them that he might be deified And this the unbelieving perverse Jews say unto this day Their malice stops not here against the Head but also falls foul upon his members and churches in succeeding ages We see how maliciously they fall upon Stephen in Act. 7. and how zealous Saul himself was whiles an unconverted Jew against the Disciples at Damascus Acts 9. What uproars did the Iews raise and what provocations did they use to incense the Magistrates and chief Governours against the Apostles and Disciples of Christ in every place and City These Asiatique churches were not free of their clamours or their invectives against the christian profession Paul met them at Antioch Acts 13.45 and at Iconiâ—m Acts 14.2.19 who stoned Paul and at Thessolonica Acts 17.5 an uproar was risen by the Iews by reason of him at Corinth he was drawn before Gallio at the Iudgement seat by the envie of the Iews Acts 18.12 and at Ephesus he found the same malicious dealings from the Iews Acts 19.9 he found some of the same Blasphemers there that were in the church of Smyrna and Philadelphia Rev. 3.9 that spoke euil of that way of the christian faith before the multitude Yea the very heathens themselves were more friendly to the christians then the Iews the professed people of God witness the entertainment of Paul amongst the Athenians Acts 17. the carriage of Gallio Festus Felix and Agrippa towards him Pilate a Roman Prefect would wash his hands from the death of Christ whiles the Iews the visible people of God cryed out Crucifie him At Malta amongst the Barbarians Paul was almost deified Acts 28.6 But when at Ierusalem and amongst the Iews they would haue torn him to pieces Acts 21. and 23.12 O strange That zeal perverted should so rage in fury against the truth of God and his Christ These Iews did not only occasionally oppose the faith of Christ and the publishers thereof but of set purpose did go to every City and place where it was taught for to oppose and suppress it if they could else possibly they could not be found in so various places and Cities and at so far distance one from the other doing their parts and venting their malice against it Object But some may say That those that raised blasphemies in the churches of Smyrna and Philadelphia were not properly Iews by blood but such as say they were Iews and are not but do lie cap. 3. 9. I answer Indeed they were not worthy to be called Iews who had many eminent priviledges peculiar to their Nation our Apostle Paul could boast that he was an Ebrew of the Hebrews and Rom. 3.1 2. they had much advantage every way chiefly Because unto them were committed the Oracles of God and the word of peace and reconciliation by Christ was first to be preached unto them then next unto the Gentiles Mat. 10.5 And indeed they were not worthy of the name of Iews that had such great and glorious priviledges and yet so averse unto the Truth Yet secondly I say they must needs be the same Iews of the same blood and progenie that opposed persecuted and blasphemed Paul and other true churches of Christ also with those found blaspheming reviling and persecuting in Smyrna and Philadelphia being so like one the other in their cursed practises But lastly I answer Though they say they are Iews yet indeed are not for he is not a Iew that is one outward but he is a true Iew a true Israelite of God that is one inward It is not he that tals and boasts of his carnal priviledges and birth-right as from Abraham and does not the works of Abraham is a Iew but such an one is a true spiritual Iew that walks in the steps of faithful Abraham but for those reviling persecuting Iews they were rather to be termed Rabshekahs and Barbarians then Iews for their circumcision was become unto them by reason of their impieties and blasphemies against the truth uncircumcision and therefore not worthy to be called Iews Iust as a nominal christian when turned antichristian and a blasphemer and persecutor of the true profession of Christ who will think him worthy of the name of christian And though he arrogates to himself that name and Title and says as the Iews here did he is a christian who will not say unto him he is not but a lyar and a Barbarian or at best an antichristian But if it were demanded What were the blasphemies of those Jews against the church of Smyrna and Philadelphia c. I answer as before Doubtless their blasphemy was Bicernis or two-fold The one horn thereof strook directly at Christ The other at the churches and his members This appears by Acts 19.9 when Paul preached in the Jews Synagogues Christ and his Doctrine divers were hardned and believed not but spoke evil of that way before the multitude First They would blaspheme the Master and say that he was a deceiver and cast out Divels by Beelzebub and a destroyer of their Laws and Customs which they had from Noses And next That his Disciples and Followers were seditious and perverters of all Magistracy and Governments and also amongst themselves unclean using promiscuous lusts as the Nicolaitans were denying the holy Laws of God so by these Diabolical artifices to bring them into contempt with the whole world and so under the rod of persecution and tribulation See the charge of Tertullian the Orator of the Jews against Paul Acts 24.5 6 c. tending partly to this effect and the Jews perceiving the heresies of the Nicolaitans Gnosticks and others of like unclean practises to creep in among the churches were bold to reproach them as all such and of the same unclean judgements and practices with the former Consider the words of Epiphanius to this purpose out of M. Baxter's book of Infidelity page 131. Which sort of men says he Satan seems to have fitted and sent for a reproach and stumbling block to the church of God and having put on themselves the names of christians that for their sakes the Nations being offended should abhor the profit of the church of God and should refuse the truth declared to them because of their savage wickedness and incredible vileness that I say their frequent vilanies being taken notice of they might perswade themselves that those are such that are of the holy church of God and so may turn away their ears as I said from the true doctrine of God or at least beholding the dishonesty of a few might cast the same reproaches upon all c. These doubtless were the advantages that the Jews took to blaspheme the churches of Christ with and so to make Christ's doctrine and followers seem abominable whiles some that were
or habitation is his Throne or his castle as the Law term has it therein he exercises his commands freely either by his Paternal or Magisterial authority and he hath better title to this Soveraignty it being natural moral then any Soveraign hath to theirs in the world 2. There are therein its subjects who obey more freely in respect of their more divine Oeconomy then any Prince's Subjects whatsoever Thirdly A man's most private designes and transactions are agitated therein Fourthly A man therein lives goes in and out and no place be it ever so pleasant is so complacent to a man as the place of his own habitation be it never so homely and therefore a man will not spare to spend all his strength wit or wealth to defend his house place of habitation against all pretenders of right thereunto Therefore these metaphors of a Throne Seat House or Habitation are fitly taken up by the Spirit of God to signifie unto us the power of Satan in the wicked and ungodly which in Scriptures are called his strong holds and habitations for in them he commands and acts freely being as a Father Lord and Master to us the children of disobedience for his servants and children ye are to whom ye obey and they obey freely and without any regret as dutiful children and servants to such a Father and Master even the Prince that ruleth in the Ayre even the Spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience Ephes 2.2 there he makes his habitation there he lives and transacts the highest designes of his Kingdom of darkness there he takes his delight to dwell and takes that pleasure in this place of his habitation that before he will forego it or lose an inch of his possession the stronger man in the Gospel must first come even Christ in his Spirit of Grace and that after much strugling contending between flesh and spirit and that Christ shall be sure to make his Title clear and evident by Faith and the great charter of the Gospel before he will be dispossessed of his ancient free-hold Tenures yea his love or rather pernitious desire to his old habitation is such that after he is dispossessed thereof by Christ that if he can get or make a re-entry into his lost possession by his diabolical Stratagems and Temptations he comes in with seven fold worser spirits then the first to make good his right and re-entry if he may and the condition of that house is far more miserable then at the first O therefore watch and be prepared with the armory of Christ to oppose the assaults of Satan ye believing and enlightened souls and though he sometimes may foyl you yet let him not overturn you though he may endeavour to come into your soul yet let him not have quiet possession for greater is he that is with us then he that is against us Resist the Divel and he will flee from you and through Christ we shall have Victory Note hence Observe That Satan rules as absolute Lord and Soveraign over the unbelieving and disobedient They are his house the place of his dwelling his Throne his Kingdom his Seat and if that were not enough to describe their malignity and Satan's Soveraignty over them they are called Satan himself v. 10. The better to manifest Satan's Seat Throne and Habitation in and over the ungodly consider the contrary The Seat Throne and Habitation of God Though God in his infinite nature is illocal infinite and incomprehensible as unto any place or form yet metaphorically is said to be in a place that is from whence he in any special manner doth manifest his glory power grace and goodness So God is said to come depart and return in Scriptures when he specially manifests himself in grace mercy and answers to his people or unto any particular believing Soul and when God withdraws that appearance of mercy grace and glory nor hears the Prayers of his people but goes out in Judgments against them then he is said to depart to be gone and return into his place Hos 5.15 I will go and return to my place till they acknowledg their Offence God is said to have three special places of habitation Seats or Thrones in Scriptures 1. Heaven is his Throne and his dwelling place Isa 66.1 1 Kings 8.30 2. The hearts of the Saints is his Throne and dwelling place Isa 57.15 1 Jo. 3.24 3. The Church or Christ Zion is the habitation and Tabernacle of his glory Psal 132.13 The Church is the place where God communicates himself and gives his answers unto his people And therefore in 1 Tim. 3.15 it is called the House of God and often in Scriptures the Kingdom of God These are the special habitations of God Satan hath also three special places of habitation and dominion in Scriptures 1. In Hell over the damned spirits And therefore he is called the Prince of darkness and the Angel of the bottomless Pit 2. The hearts of the wicked and unbelievers is the Seat and habitation of Satan Ephes 2.2 3. His Throne is amongst the societies of the wicked they are his Synagogue v. 9. where his Doctrines are transacted and maintained and they are his Seat and Throne from whence all his wicked and pernitious Edicts do proceed against God and Godliness Psal 2.2 3. Therefore in this verse the Spirit sayes to the Church of Pergamus I know that thou dwellest in a place where Satan bears rule in all Idolatries wickednesses and hatred to God and his truths without controulment and yet to thy praise and comfort be it that thou holdest fast my Name and hast not denied my Faith that is that thou dost constantly profess my Truth and hast not been drawn to deny my Gospel or Doctrine of Faith not in those very hot and persecuting days wherein Antipas my faithful Martyr was slain in that City of yours by those Tyranical persons there in whom Satan dwelleth and prevaileth There is no farther difficulty in those words only understand that Antipas as Aretus testifies and some others of Antiquitie was the Pastor or Bishop to this Church of Ephesus yet others say he was only an Assistant to the Church However this blessed St. Antipas Policarpus and some others were the first Martyrs to the Gospel of Christ after the Apostles in the raign of Trajan From the words thus explained Note Obs 2. That the godly by the providence of God are disposed and mingled amongst the most vilest and wicked in the World The Church of Christ is likened to a Lilly amongst Thorns by the Wise-man in the Canticles Where the Synagogue and Throne of Satan was God had planted those Asiatick Churches Righteous Job saith of himself that he was a brother to Dragons and a companion to Owles Chap. 30.29 And holy David's soul was vexed by sojourning in Mesech and dwelling in the Tents of Kedar Psal 120.5 Honest hearted Joseph had his habitation amongst the Idolatrous Egyptians and there
were Ezekiel Daniel and others of Gods precious children in Babylon amongst the Caldeans It is the common lot of the godly to be amongst Briars and Thorns that will nothing but scratch and tear them and therefore it should be no strange thing nor too great a vexing burden unto us that God and providence hath disposed of our habitations amongst the ungodly For hereby 1. God hath the greater glory from us 2. We are kept closer to him 3. Our Graces shine more eminently as Stars in a frosty night shine clearest and Fishes in the saltest Seas are sweetest so we keep our savor the better for it and our Graces are more enlivened 4. Our Conversations it sutable to Gods word may be a means of their conversion amongst whom we live Obs 3. To a Godly soul to have its habitation amongst the wicked is a Soul vexing grief Righteous Lot was vexed with the filthy conversation of the Sodomites 2 Pet. 2.7 Though God hath disposed this in his providence yet it is an affliction and for the present grievous Wo is me saith David that I sojourn in Mesech and that I dwell in the Tents of Kedar with a barbarous profane people that were like to the posterity of Mesech and Kedar O what a burden it was to Moses and to all true Israelites to dwell amongst the Egyptians How did the poor captive Israelites weep when they were in Caldea by the River of Chebar And what a burden it is still for honest believing Souls to dwell amongst a profane and wicked multitude Where they cannot stir out of doores or converse but with very few but that they shall hear God profaned his Name blasphemed his Truths and Scriptures slighted vilified derided and jested at his Saints and Faithful ones either spitefully treated openly persecuted or at least closely undermined to bring the rod of affliction upon them Therefore among the truly godly the society and cohabitation of the Saints is most desirable but of the wicked most grievous and loathed Obs 4. God hath the more special eye of care and providence over his people that have their habitations amongst the wicked and ungodly Though they dwell where Satan's Seat and Throne is yet God holdeth them as the seven Stars in his right hand verse 1. and he knoweth their works of tribulation and where they dwell and therefore is present with sutable grace and strength from himself for their support and comfort Thou remembrest us said David in our low estate Where Christ's Church hath the greatest enemies God will shew himself their greatest friend where his Saints are most afflicted and straitned there he will supply with a greater measure of grace and enlargement In Babylon of old among the inveterate enemies of God and his Israel God sent an Ezekiel Daniel Ezra c. choice men and Prophets of God for their comfort and consolation So we often see in the most barbarous and wicked places of the World that God sends there the greatest soundest and clearest light to his servants that dwels amongst them Ephesus Smyrna Pergamus c. places of Idolatry and cruelty and where Satan's seat was had their Angels and Martyrs that shined in true faith and godliness The Churches of Christ of late years have shined more eminent in faith and holiness in Switzerland in Saxony in Savoy and the barbarous corners of the Pyrenean mountains and Alpes then other places of the World and so in England and Scotland under the Antichristian and persecuting Bishops of late the Saints then living under them did shine more eminent in their graces then now they do in this their day of prosperity and many then were more faithful Martyrs unto the truth of Christ then now they are for the more high Satan and his instruments are against the Saints God's care over them is the more intense and the measure of his graces the more enlarged towards them Obs 5. That it is the Saints great duty and their highest glory to hold fast their faith and profession of the truth in the worst times and amongst the worst of people The Church at Pergamus is approved for holding fast Christ's Name and Faith amongst them in whom Satan did bear sway and in such a time when Antipas was Martyred and suffered death for the same profession It is an easy matter to carry a full sail of profession when the soft gale of prosperity bloweth neither is it any difficult matter for an hypocritical heart to seem godly with the godly to be sober with the sober or to be righteous amongst the righteous But the spirit of a man is then tried when his habitation is amongst the ungodly that can keep himself sound amongst their corruptions upright and perfect amongst the unrighteous and untainted with their follies and sweet as Fishes in the Brackish Ocean The three faithful children would not bow in Babylon to Nebuchadnezzar's Image though death it self attended them Be thou faithful unto the death and thou shalt have a Crown of life Many will follow Christ in smiling times or when the State does countenance Christ and godliness this is to follow Christ for the loaves sake But when Christ is hurried to Pilat's Hall of Judgment his formal followers will forsake him yea Peter himself may deny him weak Christians may stumble and draw back when Pillars of the Church as Peter fall so fouly He is the only approved Christian that will hold his profession fast before the face of Nero and Dioclesian as the virum victoriae which St. Austin mentions and at the Stake can freely with Stephen forgive his enemies and commend his spirit unto his God Jo Hus Hierom of Prague the poor Waldenses and our later Christian Martyrs as Bradford Philpot Glover c. in our English Marian days hath with Antipas for their constant witnessing unto the truth and faith of Christ attained the ever-living and honorable names of faithful Martyrs of Christ and that most justly in that they suffered in the worst of times when Antipas was slain that is in a persecuting bloody age when many godly persons burnt at the Stake and amongst the worst sort of people the wicked Antichristian Tyranizing and bloody Prelates for holding fast the profession of the truth and faith in such ungodly times and amongst such a divelish crew amongst whom Satan had his Throne sway and full Dominion they justly shall ever live in the memory and hearts of all the faithful as Reverend Martyrs unto Christ and his truth Thus for a man to be a Lot in Sodom never touched with Sodom's wickedness to keep himself pure and sincere and undefiled in the midst of a crooked generation to shine as a light in the midst of darkness this brings honor both to God and man Obs 6. The graces of well approved and faithful Christians departed are to be set forth as patterns and examples to the living both for encouragement and imitation Antipas is here set as an example of
then the approved Presbiters of a church but the latter zeal is better â—egulated and more sober then the former When I was a child saith Paul I spake as a child I did as a child I understood as a child but when I became a man I put away childish things So it is in our spiritual growth in our first birth we are very childish and zealous of small things external circumstances in worship we then look upon as great things and if a painted window a cross a suâ—pless a cope c. stand in our way we presently stumble at them and think it the most acceptable service we can perform to God either to burn them or break them to peices as Antichristian trumperies Again if we come a little higher then we spend most or all our strength about the defence of external forms of worship as whether Presbitery Independency or the way of the Anabaptists so called be the righter way This humour too is most prevalent in the Neophites but the waightier things of God and his Law is for the elder and stronger sort The one thinks to catch Heaven by Tything Mint and Anniss by being very intense about the smaller things of the Law but the other â—ot leaving the first undone falls upon the kernel and substance of Religion which is fit meat for stronger men The grown christian's graces excels the younger as his love is more sound he loves not for interest or opinion sake as many young ones does but he loves the brethren on this ground as being members of one body being made partakers of the same divine truth with himself Secondly His service is more cordial in respect of the larger experience of the goodness of God to his Soul he hath often met God's presence in his ordinances then the younger christian hath and therefore needs must his desires and affections excell unto God's Ordinances and worships seeing he hath ofâ—ner met God therein as in a special habitation of his glory Thirdly An old christian's faith is sounder then the younger he believes not because he hath heard only with the ear but he believes because he hath seen tasted and experienced the truth and faithfulness of God and his promises to his soul which the other it may be as yet has not attained too Fourthly His patience is more tryed more refined then the younger Fifthly and lastly In effect all his graces are sounder and better circumstantiated then those of the younger christians for ends for grounds for manners for time and in all other circumstances whatsoever Therefore it is our duty to strive that our last works may be more then our first otherwise shame unto us as unprofitable servants Vers 20. Notwithstanding I have a few things against thee because thou sufferest that woman Jezabel which calleth her self a Prophetess to teach and seduce my servants to commit fornication and to eat things sacrificed unto Idols Yet nevertheless O thou church of Thyatira though I do approve and encourage thy gracious works of love faith seruice and patience and commend thee for thy proficiency in them yet I have a few things certain offences to lay in charge against thee Hence Note Observ If our sins be few and great though our graces be many and eminent yet God will come against us for them Few great and scandalous sins are as dead flies in pretious Oyntment it will defile the whole box of spiritual graces God will not Inhabit quietly and at peace in one mansion with sin and wickedness If Ephraim will have Idols God will let him alone And if Israel will uphold wickedness though his own peculiar people who were abounding in sacrifices and holy services yet that shall not priviledge them from a Babylonish captivity If his own select people will turn wild Olives and cruciâ—â—e the Lords Prophets and his Christ he can cut them off and make them a desolate and dispersed people upon the face of the whole earth Thyatira had many excellent graces and so had Ephesus Smyrna Pergamus c. yet for their sins and especially those of Idolatry and Fornication the corrupt doctrines of Balaam Jezabel and the Nicolaitans God came against them in judgment and fiery indignation and removed his candlesticks from amongst them and left them desolate If we conceive our graces of Faith Love Service c. will secure us from the wrath of God though we admit Antichristian doctrines of Idolatry false and evil worships among us we shall be much deceived Doubtless many of our former Bishops were very godly men as Jewel Downham Usher Hall Davenant c. yet their real graces and holiness could not stop the hand of God in going forth in wrath against the Antichristian practises and false worships tolerated and allowed in the churches of Eng◠〈…〉 only could deliver their own souls but they themselves 〈◊〉 main and the whole function shall smart for it in the day of 〈◊〉 Lord's indignation and though some of them were godly and pious men yet for their tolerating and conniving at false doctrines and worships they themselves shall suffer in the common judgment but their pious and gracious souls shall be saved so as by fire not that of Purgatory first kindled in the Popes Kitchen but by the fire of afflictions sanctified unto them by that fire of purging and cleansing away our dross to wit God's Spirit and Word We are therefore to look to it how we admitt offences amongst us though they be but few they may draw God into judgment against us and though they may not at present unchurch us yet if held unrepented of they may provoke God to come against us quickly with the sword of his mouth O let no man plead for toleration of sin false doctrines or worships from the Primitive practises or presidents of the first churches so as they sinned first in these particulars so they were made the first examples of God's wrath and justice It is but a sad saying of some That their present churches are as sound straight and holy as the Primitive ones They had their drunkards incestuous followers of the doctrine of Balaam the Nicolaitans and Jezabel and we say they in our Parochial churches have not worse Alas they are now made unto us examples of God's righteous judgments for those and the rest of their sins and their very habitations given unto the cursed Mahometans and their off springs turned Barbarians and Heathens and if we be found in the same sins and transgressions with them O May we not fear the same desolating judgment Let us not contemn the long-suffering of God but speedily repent and do our first works So far should we be from boasting on that account that it should rather be unto us just matter of grief and sorrow But to proceed The charge against Thyatira was That thou sufferest the woman Jezabel who calleth her self a Prophetess to teach and deceive my servants c. This woman Jezebel here mentioned doubtless
was a she Prophetess of the Nicolaitans and that she was one of that Sect is evident from this that she comes with the same cursed Nicolaitish doctrines in the 14 and 15. verses mentioned teaching and drawing God's people to Idolatry and Fornication First herein appears her impudence who contrary to the modesty of her sex and Apostolical prohibition yet she takes the name of a Prophetess upon her self and to teach publiquely contrary to the Apostle 1. Cor. 14 34. Next observe her falsity and deceit she is a Prophetess and why it is only to deceive and seduce Christ's Servants Thirdly observe the ways and means of her seductions it is by false doctrines by teaching Idolatry and communicating in the Sacrifices of Idols and Fornications to be things indifferent for I always take these to be two great distinct sins and errors of the Nicolaitans Idolatry and Fornication and not only Idolatry which is a spiritual Fornication or Adultery for Balaam's advice was not only that the children of Israel in the business of Baal Peor Mumb. 25.1 2. should fall to Idolatry but to fornication also with the Midianitish women so also Jezabel Ahab's wife who provoked him to set up Idolatry unto Baal in Israel 1 King 16.31 32. compared to 1 King 21.25 was also a notable Adultress as by that of 2 King 9.22 What peace whilst the woredoms of thy Mother Jezabel and her witch-crafts are yet in great number and her carriage being accordingly impudent ver 30. doth convince her whoredom for she painted her face and tyred her head and looked out at window the posture rather of a Strumpet then of Majesty as some would have it And therefore Balaam and Jezabel are here fitly brought in by the Spirit to personate this lewd Nicolaitish Sect and their great Prophetess in the church of Thyatira Observ 1. Hence Note That it is no new defigne of Satan's to trouble the Church with false she Prophetesses As there were false Prophets Balaamites and Nicolaitans in the church of Pergamus so there was a false Prophetess and a very impudent one of the same Sect in Thyatira If God will have he or she Prophets the Devil will be God's Ape and will have the same If God to honor that weaker Sex sometimes raised up she Prophets to help his people be sure the Divel will be upon the same work he will have his Jezabels his Maximillae for her service also We find in Ezekiel's days there were false Propheteses who sowed Pillows to ahe Arm-holes 13. 1k 18. Prophesied pleasing things unto the people and Neh. 6.14 there is mention made of one Noadia a Prophetess she with other false Prophets Prophesied against the building of the Temple encouraged Sanballet and endeavoured to discourage Nehemiah and the builders of it And some such there were and will be in all ages who with their false doctrines will deceive unwary people Simon Magus had his Helena Carpocrates his Marcellina Montanus had his Prisca and Maximillina and so all erronious Sects hath their she Prophetesses as well as he Prophets for the Divel's defign thrives on both ways Observ 2. False she Prophetesses are not only very bold but very subtile to deceive and seduce God's servants from the truth And therefore they are likned to Jezabel a bold setter up of Idolatry and a subtile deceiver as in the business of Naboth and seeking the death of the true Prophets appeareth And it appeareth also henbe that this false Nicolaitish Prophetess was not only a very impudent one for she calls herself a Prophetess to teach but was also a very sly and subtile one or else she could not be said to deceive Christ's Servants I conjecture that her practise was somwhat like the ranting Familists and Anti-scripturists of our days who pretending some high notions and transcendent matters above the common pitch of plain and wholsom doctrine and so flying beyond sobriety God suffers them to fall into the snare of Satan and to deny the Law of God as a rule to them and to stand in awe to sin is but of a legal spirit and of bondage and sin cannot at all reach God or offend his Majesty and then they can freely among the Heathens as the Nicolaitish christians did of old partake of the Sacrifices of Baal of Bacchus Priapus Venus or any of their Heathenish Idols and can freely without regret eat of their idolothites and joyn and commix with their corporal fornications also High and untroden speculations and novelties carries the vizor of deceit with them wholsome doctrine is old and plain but novel and erroneous is held forth in most high and unintelligible motions which false ProProphets and Prophetesses on purpose make use of to amuse confound ensnare and deceive the easy credulous and simple people many of these false she Prophetesses goes up and down with their new Light new Christ and new Gospel and all within them in these very days of ours a true branch of the old Gnosticks and Nicolaitans Observ 3. Some of God's own faithful Servants may be deceived and carried away by the Doctrines of false Teachers This Jezeâ—el or false Lady Prophetess had seduced Christ's Servants and had entised them to their filthy Idolatries and Adulteries we know Peter and Barnabas were drawn away by such into errour Gal 2.13 14 The old lying Prophet deceived the young Prophet of God and drew him into a snare which cost him his life for a Lion devoured him 1 Kin. 13. Christ hath foretold us Mat. 24. That many false Prophets shall arise and deceive many But whence do they arise From the bottomless Pit and do raise such a smoake with their false doctrines Rev. 9. that they darken the Heavens that is the Gospel truths that the Saints cannot clearly see their ways and therefore not strange if they stumble Did not many precious Souls stumble in the late days of Prelacy and were turned away with their errors and have not many stumbled in these days of liberty and carried away and deceived by Familistical Anti-scriptural errors and the like But seeing these things are so let us hearken to the advice of Peter 2 Epist 3.17 18. Beware lest ye also being led away with the errors of the wicked fall from their own stedfastness But grow in grace and in the knowledg of our Lord Jesus Christ. But to return to the charge which was against Thyatira and it was because she suffered the woman Jezebel A church is not so blame worthy for having a Jezebel a false Prophet or Prophetess among them but for suffering for countenancing owning and freely tolerating of them this was the crime of this church of Thyatira Whence Note Observ That the toleration and indulgence of false Teachers in a Church is a great evil Surely it is not the way of God nor his will to suffer opinions in a church that are dissonant from his truth that will corrupt the soul with sin Though I should plead for a just
in iniquity as well as Benjamins sons of love and comfort Thirdly If all Infants of believers dying Infants are saved on the condition of their parents faith how comes some afterwards to forfeit their condition Are the conditions of the covenant of grace unstable and left in the hand of man that is vain and frail that would soon forfeit them all if a thousand salvations were on them I always thought the death of Christ to be the only proper and meritorious condition of the covenant of grace and of our salvation and faith to be our principal evidencing condition and qualification as the way unto life Heb. 11.1 and at most I take it but as the first precedent condition to other graces for God gives one grace as a reward of the well improvement of the first grace he that encreaseth his Talent God multiplies his Talents to him God gives first faith unto his people before he gives them the other graces of his spirit to wit of adoption justification or sanctification Faith in order of nature is the precedaneous grace unto all others though they are conjunct and inseparable to that faith which is sound and sincere We receive saith the Apostle Gal. 3.14 the promise of the Spirit through faith Faith is made the thorow-fare conduit and pipe whereby God convays all his spiritual blessings and promises into our souls it is Man's receptive instrument and the Spirit 's revealing instrument the spirit takes the things of God and reveals them to the faithful soul by the instrumentality of faith and the soul receives and apprehends them by the same instrument of faith and therefore a blessed instrument both of God and Man 4. Are all believers Infants in the covenant of grace and salvable whilst Infants and afterwards fall away when come to years of discretion Hath not Christ said that the love of God is unchangeable Io. 13.1 and is it not impossible that any one of his chosen ones should be lost Mat. 24. or is his covenant broken Ier. 31.32 or is Christ's death and intercession unavailable Io. 17.15 20 21. or is God's wisdom deceived or his power and goodness made frustrate or overcome by the intervention of man's sin All which are not only absurd but impossible Fifthly If the parents faith is the condition of salvation unto their dying Infants then Infants are saved one way and grown persons in another way Infants by the faith of another to wit their parents and grown persons by their own faith how absurd this is let the judicious consider God saves none for faith but saves some by faith Faith is not the proper or meritorious condition of the covenant of grace that alone is the object of faith Christ crucified Faith is not the condition but in an improper sense as repentance and obedience and all other graces are but I should rather let the word condition lie by us unhallowed for this end in regard many have stumbled at it by making it an Idol rampant but I should rather call faith the fruits effects or some special branch or blessing promised in the covenant of grace for it is so mencioned in the new covenant I will write my Laws in their inward parts Heb. 8.10 and what is the great commandment or law of God that will be written in the heart That ye believe in Jesus Christ and faith is the gift of God If any take faith to be the condition of the covenant or of salvation only as a qualification a medium or way without which grown intelligent persons cannot be justified or saved with such I should not contend or should make it a precedaneous condition unto other subsequent graces I should not much quarrel with that neither for I think it to be the first foundation grace that the spirit works in the elect Saints of God which produceth cherisheth and sanctifieth all other subsequent graces in the soul but to make faith which is our own act though wrought by God's spirit the condition of our salvation in a proper sense to wit by performing whereof we may legally and justly claim it as our due as wages and debt the thing promised to wit life and salvation on the performance thereof in a legal way This is to set up somewhat of our selves that we may have that whereof to beast of and glory in our own strength And in the next place it derogates from all sufficient merits of Christ and his precious death which is the alone legal condition performed for us and in our behalfs and whereby we do legally and in the way of justice claim at the hands of Gods justification and remission of sins adoption and sanctification life salvation and glorification and all the good things of the Gospel But all these things are hid unto us until the spirit comes to reveal them to us by faith Heb. 11.1 Sixtly and lastly If faith therefore will not serve turn but is too short and weak a condition properly and legally understood for the believing parents own salvation then surely it will not reach the salvation of their Infants therefore vain to trust or bind upon it for such a work for it is alone the garment of our elder brother the white robes of Christs righteousness that is fit to reach and cover not only the faithful parents but their children also if so be God hath chosen them in Christ by his eternal love of election but for such Infants as God hath in his eternal preterition passed by as the Potter hath power over his clay to make thereof either vessels of honor or dishonor who shall say unto God why hast thou made me thus I say therefore to assert the parents faith the condition of their Infants salvation is a groundless reasonless assertion not comporting with the lest savor of truth and therefore to be excluded out of the Creed of all sound and orthodox chrâ—stians See more on ver 5. of this cap. And all the Churches shall know that I am he which searcheth the reines and hearts c. By my righteous Judgments on those children of Idolatry and Fornication all the churches round about shall take notice that I am he saith Christ that tries the secrets of mens hearts and so as a God omniscient and an all-seeing Judge can execute righteous judgments on every one according to his works Hence Note Observ 1. That God knoweth our hearts most perfectly and therefore can judge of us most perfectly Man knoweth his own heart but in part but God more perfectly than himself 1 Cor. 4.4 He that created the heart must know it and he that himself is infinite must comprehend that fully which is finite The Devil knows not our hearts and thoughts till we do some ways manifest them by words gestures signes or actions but God knoweth our thoughts without those means Psal 39.1 2. The Divel may guess at mens thoughts by their natural complexions but God perfectly knows what is in man without any
bodies and spirits Well then try your faith and profession whether it be dead or formal or active or living by these few particulars it is not a naked assent or unactive outward profession will serve turn this is dead and liveless yea twice dead and to be plucked up by the roots Jud. 12. dead in your first natural condition and dead in your hypocritical profession for by this it appeareth never to be otherwise with you But a lively faith is a working faith by and through the influence of Christ and his spirit being zealous of good works and all for Christ's sake and his glory Paul's whole life Phil. 1.21 was as it were consecrated to Christ for to me to live is Christ says he that is my life is Christ's for his uses his purposes and his glory In short a true and lively faith works by Christ by the continual supply and influence of his spirit and for Christ and with aim at his glory Observ 2. 'T is very usual for dead Formalists to carry a higher hand in outward profession then the real Christian Sardis pretends highly to faith and to a name that she lived beyond her sister churches and the name was only that she aimed at for in the truth of grace she was no better then dead and rotten It is not very usual still among dead and carnal christians to boast of their christianity their baptisme their church their external ordinances and the like They needs would satisfie themselves in the name of christians as the carnal Jews that said they were Jews and were not vers 9. So unto these carnal Formalists the name of christians is pleasant to them yet still are enemies to the true Saints of God and the power of godliness and the reason of this is in that they perceive they want the true working faith which is only acceptable unto God all being naturally self-lovers they would needs content themselves and God too if they might with a guilded sophisticate and dead faith and profession which is to be had at an easier rate then the true one which should commend them unto God and denominate them his Saints in the eye of the world but this faith is too short for such a work being dead false and liveless as a carcass without a soul but that is the faith that justifieth and Christ accepteth that worketh by love 1 Thes 1.3 Vers 2. Be thou watchful and strengthen the things which remain that are ready to dy for I have not found thy works perfect before God Esto vigilans as Beza reads it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and I should rather take it in the active sense Be thou awake or awake thou then be watchful for it it argues the state of life and activity to be watchful watch and pray but to awake it only shows a dormant dead and sleepy state wherein the church of Sardis was for she bore the name that she lived but she was as good as dead therefore Christ tels her 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 rouse up thy self from thy sleepy state and strengthen the things which remain re-inforce revive and stir up those small remaining sparks of graces that are ready even to give up the very last gaspe within thee and though thou thinkest and maist have a conceit of thy self that thou art something in that thou hast an external profession and name that thou livest yet I must tell thee saith Christ I have not found thy works perfect before God Hence Note Observ A state of sin is a great impairing and consumption unto the life of grace Sardis is brought by it even to death's door her graces that were once eminent are come thereby to some smal remainders and they too almost extinct and neer the grave and though death it self I mean spiritual hath not yet seized her yet she is somwhat neer it she is under the shadow of death for she sleeps and is called to awake and to stir up the remainders of life that is in her least she takes her last sleep by the spiritual death of grace here and eternal death hereafter Sin is to the soul as sickness is to the body 1. It carries with it its distemperatures and disorders of the soul 2. Ugliness and deformity it is compared to the Leprosie under the Law 3. Grief and pain as sickness causes grief to the body so sin causes horror and anguish unto the soul 4. It causes weakness for the more sin the more weakness and disability to spiritual duties We were without strength saith the Apostle Rom. 5.6 weak feeble souls in the things of God whilst we were in sin and the state of nature 5. Every sickness of the body tends to the death of the body so every sin tends to the death both of body and soul eternally The only remedy that we have against this poyson and sting of sin is to hasten to Christ by faith who is the Phisitian of our souls and by whose stripes we are healed Object But is it not said here to Sardis to awake and strengthen the things that remain that are ready to dye Was it not in the power of Sardis to awake her self recover her self and renew her graces without going to Christ by faith I answer Negatively Christ is set up for that very end not only for a propitiation If any man sin we have an Advocate but it is also from his influence and from him as the Fountain of life whereby all our graces are maintained and kept alive For the life I live as the Apostle says is by the life of the Son of God If Christ should withdraw his gracious presence from our souls we should never awake out of sin nor do our first works or renovate our selves by repentance Secondly This duty to awake and renew their graces was set on those of Sardis that had already received the first grace and Christ by faith for it is here said strengthen the things which remain therefore they had a being though a sorry one and those that have received grace from Christ are in a capacity to work from the power of that grace Having received the promises saith the Apostle that is Christ the great end and object of the promises cleanse your selves go on in the work of sanctification in the power of Christ for all our gracious acts are to be done in and through his continued power and influence Thirdly When we are commanded to awake strengthen and renew our selves by repentance c. they must be always taken to be as inseparable parts of a lively faith for we cannot awake from sin unless we first look upon Christ in the promises neither can we possibly renew or restore our falne graces before we first eye God in Christ out of whose fulness we receive grace for grace Therefore in vain to set home spiritual duties on persons that have not first received light and life from Christ Christ is the first work that must be offered and
received to and by souls before they can act towards God in the least acceptable services Object But then again some one may say If the small remaines of grace that were in Sardis were almost dead or ready to dy does not this argue a falling away and a possibility of the faithful to perish totally Answ Grace may be very low and yet not dead it was as sparks of fire under much ashes with Sardis and yet we know sparks are as real fire though not as fervent and virtual as a flaming one Indeed it was low with Sardis in her spiritual condition and it is most just with God when we are great sinners against him that he hides much of his gracious presence from us When by sin we quench the operations of the spirit of God God may justly quench its effects towards us but no sooner shall we follow the motions of the spirit and renew by repentance but presently God gives a more enlivening and effectual spirit into our souls and notwithstanding his former withdrawings yet it is but a Fatherly chastisement not an utter dereliction and forsaking Secondly I answer Persons that are Elect and have really tasted of the vertue of Christ's death and intercession can never utterly fall away unless they would make the power wisdome and preordination of God to be weak and fallible and the death and intercession of Christ impotent and insufficient unto that end to which it is ordained yet withal I assert though Elect persons cannot utterly fall away as being given by the Father unto Christ and none such can be cast away being helped by the mighty powâ—â— of God unto salvation yet Election of a state of persons may fail and perish As to instance in the Jewish Nation the Election thereof did obtain Rom. 11.7 to wit those that did pertain to the Election of God in that Nation did obtain mercy and reconcilliation by Christ yet at last for the sin of that Nation the Election of God did fail as respecting that State and Nation and the Ax was laid unto the root and that good Olive cut down and cast into the fire and the wild Olive or Gentile Nations graffed in upon their Stock Obstinacy in sin and unbelief was their cutting off and faith is the Gentiles incision and graffing in as the one is cut off by unbelief so the other is graffed in by faith Rom. 11.20 Those few names in Sardis that do hold fast the faith they are in a safe condition whilst all the rest of that church may perish utterly the first are marked and written in the eternal book of life of God and of the Lambe and therefore cannot perish but after God had finished his work at Sardis Thyatira Rome Corinth c. and called his Elect out of them and secured their eternal happiness he can remove the current of his Election to another people without any changeableness or shaddow of change in him and make those very people in their posterities the very seat and Sinagogue of Satan who were once his beulahs darling and beloved ones Thirdly there are guilded formal hipocritical graces and believers and such may not be only ready to dy but dead twice dead dead at the root and fit for nothing but to be plucked up and cast into the fire and therefore it is very ordinary in Scripture to say that such are fallen away perished and lost from their faith which they seemed to have all their graces are in the outward appearance only So Demas Simon Magus Judas Ananias and Saphira c. may be said to fall away from the faith because they had never the truth of real grace in them all was but seeming formal hypocritical and at best but historical which the divels may have and for all this perish everlastingly Observ 2. It is a great mercy for God to leave some remains of grace in a sinful Church and people If God had not left us a remnant we had been worse then Sodome and Gomorrah Small sparks being blown and cherished may become a flame so little grace though like a Mustard-seed may become a great Tree If God should deprive us of all the seed of grace there must needs follow a spiritual death unto our souls for when the soul of the soul is gone the soul will be soul-less and dead unto every good and spiritual worke As long as there is life in us though it is infirm and weak yet there is some hopes of recovery but being once dead there is no hopes of Redemption from the grave So as long as we have the Spirit of Christ though it works but faintly and weakly by reason of corruption in us and if it comes but to the first step and lowest degree of spiritual life to wit to be sensible of its dead and carnal condition and to complain under it there are good hopes of recovery unto such a soul and unto such I may boldly say unto its comfort Awake and strengthen the things which remain that are ready to dy Observ 3. Though our graces are but weak and low and ready to dy yet it is our duty to cherish strengthen and confirm them until we bring forth the worke of Christ within our selves unto perfection We are not to contemn the day of small things for he that improves but one Talent well shall be made ruler of many Talents The Beasts in the Prophet always went forward Ezek. 1.11 but grubs that are backward are reckoned among unclean creatures Lev. 11.10 God hath promised that he will not break the bruised reed nor quench the smoaking flax If we cherish the work of grace in us though in never so small a measure God will add a greater and fuller supply unto us God will add unto faith vertue unto vertue patience c. and according to that word in 2 Pet. 1.5 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they shall all come hand in hand in consort as following one the other as in a chorus or dance Doubtless it would not be labor lost for Sardis to strengthen and revive the remainders of grace that were ready to expire within her though Christ would be at hand to assist her by his grace and spirit yet he would not do it without her motion and improvment as it was once said by Austine Though God made us without us yet he would not save us without us Grace works most kindly when it meets with improving hearts that are ready to say with young Samuel Thy servant heareth Lord speak Though God hath ascertained and decreed the salvation of his Elect yet it does not exclude the duty of creatures and the work of second causes Ezek. 36.37 Jer. 29.11 12. Work out your salvation with fear and trembling we are to worke for life as if life were to be got by working and doubtless the crown will be the more glorious where the greater improvments of grace are made the more grace the Vessel is capable of and filled with here
some one may be more eminent then others yet the truth of all must be there as they will have faith they will have patience as patience love zeal humility self-denial and all other graces whatsoever Be ye holy for I am holy in all manner of conversation 1 Pet. 1.15.16 and this must be also in the prevailing degree thereof for his servants ye are whom ye obey if sin be stronger in thee then grace then ye are sinners and wicked ones but if grace prevail then are ye gracious and perfect ones Thirdly Their aims and desires must be after perfection they will not be contented with a little grace no less measure will serve their turn then what they enjoy after the resurrection I would by any means attain to the resurrection of the dead saith Paul Phil. 3.11 their aims are no lower then unto the glorious and everlasting state and therefore do alwaies press on unto perfection their desires are somewhat infinite as the glory they expect Leaving these things that are behind Heb. 6.1 and herein their aims and desires will appear more perfect in that they hate sin so perfectly that they cannot be quiet until it be abolished and they freed from it 1. From the guilt thereof by justification in the blood of Christ 2. From the piercing power thereof by the sanctification of the spirit of grace 3. From the very being of it in their glorification 4. They are to aim at perfection in duration and perseverance As they are not to want any grace in the truth thereof or in the prevailing degree thereof so are they not to want it in any part of their lives for the Crown is given to him that overcometh 5. True Saints press forward to excel and precede other formal and outside christians in all duties of grace and perfection he that hath any grace will always desire more a holy ambition in grace and goodness is very commendable God tells Satan that there was none like Job on the face of the earth Job 1.8 a perfect and upright man Many desire to be before others in honour riches and power but few desire to excel in grace If we be true Saints and aim at perfection we will not think it enough to be like others in grace but labour to go beyond others in all good and perfect works Hence the Quakers may see and be convinced that we hold a perfection in this life though not an absolute legal one whereunto nothing can be added as they but an Evangelical one upon better grounds and principles Verse 3. Remember therefore how thou hast received and heard and hold fast and repent if therefore thou shalt not watch I will come on thee as a thief and thou shalt not know what hour I will come upon thee Call to minde therefore the doctrine of grace which thou hast formerly received and heard and cleave fast thereunto and repent thy straying there from But if thou wilt not repent and be awaken'd out of this thy sleep of sin I shal come as a thief suddenly unawares upon thee and seize on thee with unexpected judgements Christ takes up this metaphor and comparison of coming as a thief for divers reasons 1. Because a thief cometh speedily in a time when no man looks for Mat. 24.43 This sets us on a diligent watchfulness If the good man of the house did know in what watch the thief would come he would watch and not suffer his house to be broken thorow or his goods stolen 2. As a thief comes in the dark or dead of night so Christ comes when there is the greatest darkness and deepest night of errour on the whole world and therefore Christ says in Luke when he comes shall he find faith on earth True faith will be such a rarity at Christs coming that it will be found in very few his elect only This quickens our faith and puts us upon the tryal of it 3. A thief comes prepared and resolved to over-master all oppositions so Christ's coming in judgement is with power and to tread down and make all his enemies his footstool This supports and comforts the distressed afflicted Saints He formerly came as a Lamb to suffer and he after came as a comforter to support all those for whom he suffered and died and he hath an other coming his ordinary particular temporal judgements against his enemies which he frequently and very often sends forth against them for their transgressions and so he threatens to come here against Sardis and his offending churches And lastly he comes in his last and ultimate judgement with great power and glory to overthrow and destroy all his antichristian foes and enemies whatsoever in Rev. 16.15 it is said Lo I come as a thief and presently follows the great battel of Armageddon and the utter destruction of Babylon by the seventh Vial of God's plagues and judgements First from the former part of this verse observe Observ That a calling to mind of God's former gratious dealings with us is not only a great preservative against sin but an effectual means for the recovery out of sin by a holy repentance Look back unto the Rock from whence thou art hewen and review thy former unregenerate state and how you were therein aliens strangers and enemies unto God by evil works and how it is far better with you now in your state of faith then it was then in sin and wrath for when ye have sin presented unto you in its enticements and provocations it will make gracious souls to reason thus with themselves Was I not once an enemy unto God in my sinful unregenerate state and shall I again fall back into it as the Sowe into the myre God forbid How shall I do this great wickedness and sin against God Will not then my latter estate be far worse then the first Because God hath been gracious unto my poor soul and delivered it as a Bird out of the snare or snatch'd it as a brand out of the fire shall I again cast my self into the bonds of Satan and into the flames of hell by my turning this grace of God into sin and wantonness The Lord forbid Again for the recovery of backslidden souls that are almost spiritually dead and have almost nothing but the name and common reputation of living ones It is most useful and advantagious to such poor souls for their recovery to recognize and look back on those good things they formerly received of God and heard concerning him For first They heard that God was a gracious reconciled God and a merciful Father in Jesus Christ ready to receive those of his chosen ones even in their blood and sin that did come to him by faith in Christ to be healed of their transgressions and this they not only heard by the hearing of the ear but received it also into their hearts by faith And if God was so ready then to receive us into reconciliation with himself whiles enemies unto
them for his names sake â—o all generations for ever But if it be asked How we shall honour God faithfully this way It is answered we must as those few undefiled names or Saints of Sardis overcome the corruptions and pollutions of the times by witnessing against them and openly stand for and profess the contrary truths and ways of God and follow the advice of Paul to Timothy 2 Tim. 2.21 If a man purge himself from these he shall be a vessel unto honour sanctified and meet for the Masters use And therefore let the understanding christian mark and consider this as it is in the advice of the Spirit in the immediate subsequent verse Verse 6. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches This verse formerly opened therefore needs no farther explanation Verse 7. And to the Angel of the church of Philadelphia write These things saith he that is holy he that is true he that hath the key of David he that openeth and no man shutteth and shutteth and no man openeth This Epistle inscribed to the Angel of the church of Philadelphia is directed also from Christ under various remarkable descriptions for holiness truth and soveraignty having the key of David which he beareth not idly for with it he openeth and no man shutteth and shutteth and no man openeth This church of Philadelphia was one of those seven famous churches scituate in the lesser Asia now called Natolia whose Angel or Pastor was Demas or Damias as Ignatius Epistles testifie And indeed it was a church by the Spirit 's description which was the fairest among the Sisters the most comly orthodox and sound among all the seven whose very name doth set forth her gracious nature and qualities Philadelphia signifying Brotherly love or love of the Brethren which doth notably agree to the excellency of grace that was found in this church being not openly convinced of any crime but altogether extolled for her gracious deportment M. Brightman makes this his darling and beloved Philadelphia to typifie and represent his reformed Geneva French or Scottish church model but upon further enquiry I doubt his counterpane will fall short of their first pattern in purity and soundness and he makes the church of England as then governed by Bishops for their luke-warmness and remisness in matters of Religion to be the counterpane of Laodicea his blear-eyed Leah but Philadelphia the Geneva Helvetian and French Reformed church begun by Zuinglius and Calvin to be his much adored darling and Rachel and so he makes Sardis to represent the German Reformed church under Luther and his associates Pergamus to represent the degenerate church of Rome as then in being about the time of Luther and so upward he makes the several states and ages of the church the counterpanes of Thyatira Smyrna and Ephesus unto the Apostles times But by what warrant M. Brightman does this or why he is so luxuriant in his applications I know not and I conceive under due respect to so learned an Author as M. Brightman that it is beside the intention of the Spirit that ever those seven Asian churches should typifie or represent any other churches or state of churches that should rise in futurity only they are left unto us and to all ages to come as examples and patterns to understand and know the dealings of God with them that if we be partakers in the same graces with them we shall have the same encouragements approbation and reward as they had but if we be found guilty of the same transgressions as they were we shall fall under the same judgements as they did and that that made M. Brightman thus over-free in his applications in his counterpanes I verily believe to be the variety of conditions both good and had found in those seven churches which by a good wit may be stretch'd out to represent the condition and state of any church whatsoever which is not altogether beside the scope or intention of the Spirit in them for it is often inculcated in this and the former chapter He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches What was written unto them was not only for themselves but for the cognizance of all others in the future also coming under the same conditions and qualifications with themselves But to proceed These things saith he that is holy he that is true c. These words contain a description of Christ who sends this Epistle to the Angel of Philadelphia whose two first properties are taken out of the nature of the Son of God to wit Holiness and truth Christ makes this discovery of himself sutable to the condition of the church of Philadelphia which was an eminent shining star both for the profession of the truth and for holiness to the other the more delinquent churches he discovers himself in another posture with eyes and feet like burning brass and with a two edged sword proceeding out of his mouth but with the gracious he appears more gracious and to the truly godly he appears in his own proper nature in Truth and Holiness Hence Note Observ Christ discovers himself unto his people not only as the holy One but as the God of Truth also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 These things saith he that is holy he that is true They are much deceived that aim at holiness without the truth They that own not Christ according to the truth can never be truly holy ones or sanctified persons for truth sanctifies John 17.17 Let their actions be never so highly estimated in the eye of the world as proceeding from holy self-denying persons yet if they be not done in the truth that is from a true fountain and to right ends they will lose their reward and be at best but as tinkling Cymbals What profit doth it yeild the monastical Votaries of Rome when they devote themselves to so rigid austerities and pretend so high to holiness whiles they have banished truth from their borders when neither their ends nor their aims are right according to the truth of God's word To what end is the Quakers austere carriage and outward holiness whilest they deny Redemption or Satisfaction by the blood of Christ Will their inherent holiness or their austere upright carriage serve instead of Christ's imputed righteousness Holiness and truth must go together to denominate a true Saint Heathen Philosophers will quite out-strip the best of christians in divers acts of vertue but when proceeding from a christian according unto truth they are to be called by another name holy or godly actions If you try the doctrines of men only by the holiness of the persons that brings them you may entertain errors instead of truth for truth is not always with the most seeming holiest men But if doctrines come from persons holding the truth in sincerity and professing the same truth in purity and integrity of their souls doubtless such doctrines in their first origen
were from heaven and not from men Hence it is that the Spirit of God is not only called the holy Spirit but also the Spirit of Truth John 14.17 because it leadeth and guideth into all truth and wheresoever the Spirit cometh as a holy Spirit to sanctifie it cometh in the first place as a Spirit of Truth to lead the soul into the ways of truth If Christ makes any discoveries unto thy soul it will be as unto Philadelphia as the holy One and as the true One As he is the way unto holiness so he is the way the truth and the life and no man cometh unto the Father but in by and thorow him John 14.6 Which hath the Key of David that openeth and no man shuteth and shutteth and no man openeth These words have relation to that prophesie of Isaiah cap. 22. 20. 22. about the calling of Eliakim the son of Hilkiah who should be a Father unto Jerusalem and to the house of Judah into whose hands the Government should be committed and in vers 22. The Key of the House of David will I lay upon his shoulder saith the Lord so he shall open and no man shall shut and he shall shut and none shall open This Eliakim in the days of Hezekiah was his chief Steward or master of his houshold as appears by 2 Kings 18.18 26. and it seems by the transactions between him and Senacharib none were suffered to go in or out to treat with Senacharib but Eliakim and whom he did approve of he was a man in great authority with the King and carried the Key and Soveraignty ever his whole houshold and therefore he is prophesied of by Isaiah to come or to be called again of God not in person but in his antitype and true counterpane Jesus Christ the true Eliakim who beareth the Keys of David c. Christ may well be typified by Eliakim and to be called the spiritual Eliakim promised in Isa 22. both for his name and nature Eliakim signifying as Hierom de interpretatione nominum the God of the Resurrection or God that rose again and who was this true Eliakim but Christ In the next place Christ was descended from this Eliakim Luke 3.30 therefore rightly brought by the Spirit in Isaiah to typifie him forth But lastly and chiefly Christ is the true spiritual Eliakim in respect of his Kingly office and Soveraignty which he beareth over his spiritual house his church as Eliakim bore it over the house of David The Key is put metonymice the ensign of Authority for Authority it self But why the Key of David and not the Key of the House of David Isa 2◠22 I answer Either it is to be taken metonimically the Master being put for the House or else for the more excellency of this Key that Christ bears before that of Eliakim's the truth it self exceeding the Type Eliakim was but an inferior Minister as the Steward and that in the family of David but Christ he bore the Key of David that is that was born before or by David himself due unto the highest Governour and extending to the whole Kingdom And therefore excels that of Eliakim's being limitted only to the houshold of David But why is the Key of David brought by the Spirit to represent Christ's Soveraignty and Kingdom over his church I answer for divers reasons First God promised an everlasting Kingdom to David and therefore a fit Type of the church of Christ who are loved with the everlasting and sure mercies of David Secondly David's Kingdom was over the Israel of God so Christ over the true Israel of God according to the Spirit Thirdly David was an absolute Lord over his Kingdom he suffered no Jebusites nor Canaanites to domineer within his Realm and Jurisdiction so Christ within the verge of his Government and Sovereignty he suffers no unclean Canaanite to rule and reigne nor any unclean thing to enter therein but he will be sole Lord and Soveraign within his House as was David and therefore in the next words it is said That openeth and no man shutteth and shutteth and no man openeth The same Key that openeth the same Key shutteth Christ's Key Power or Authority doth open and shut in a threefold respect First It opens the true Doctrine of Salvation and Redemption by Christ that none ever hereafter shall shut it up or obscure it and again he shuts it up to many unworthy and impenitent people which none but by him shall be able again to open and discover Secondly It opens and shuts in respect of the Government and Soveraignty that Christ bears over his Kingdom his holy Temple and Church either in admission or exclusion of members Isa 9.6 Zeah. 6.12 and herein no man can open or shut admit or exclude but as Christ hath laid down the rules and directions thereunto in his word Thirdly It opens and shuts into Christ's hidden mystical and everlasting Kingdom the church of the Elect and invisible Saints and to whom Christ doth open to enter herein no man can shut and to whom Christ shutteth no man can ever open so absolute a Lord is Christ in the whole work and administration of his Kingdom that what he does no man can undo or hinder and what he will not have done none can bring to pass He openeth and no man shutteth and shutteth and no man openeth From the words thus explicated Observ That Christ is the sole absolute Lord soveraign Giver and Disposer of all the blessings relating unto his Kingdom Christ is a Lord by power Mat. 28.18 2. He is a Lord by purchase Rom. 7.20 3. He is a Lord by conquest John 16.30 4. He is a Lord by donation Ps 2.8 5. He is a Lord by election as from God Mat. 12.18 Isa 22.20 c. And doubtless such a Lord hath an absolute power over all the Ministrations of his Kingdom to promote execute or hinder as he pleaseth The magistrate walks not in this sphere he hath another Kingdom to deal with the Magistrate cannot here shut nor open though Erastus vainly dreamt the contrary Christ's Key or the Key of David only fits this lock As the spiritual Key of David cannot open or shut in the civil kingdoms of the world neither can their civil keys open or shut in the spiritual house of David being fitted for another lock and who proves the contrary disorders the whole lock and brings always ruine instead of blessing upon the experiencers thereof Christ fits not upon Caesar's Throne nor Caesar upon his Each must remember and keep their place and station If Christ open with his Key and receive into his visible Kingdom Caesar hath no key to shut out If Christ shut against any Caesar hath no key to open 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Caesar may shut the door to true Saints and open it to the debauched world and so make an Image like to that of Nebuchadnezzar's whose feet were partly iron partly clay But when Christ in his Ministery
receive the truth revealed by the Spirit of Truth The church of Philadelphia may be said to have this double door opened a free power given her by Christ to preach the Gospel and ready and willing hearts to receive it which no man should be able to take away from her for it is the great Key-bearer of David himself that hath opened it and maugre all the malice of devils and wicked men in their hellish designs it can never be obscured and shut up more Hence Note Observ That it is Christ alone that vouchsafes and gives fair opportunities and accesses to preach the Gospel and opens the hearts of the hearers for a kindly entertainment of it also 'T is not the force of man's wit conceit or eloquence of words will open this door either to one self or others Christ must first open and give a door of utterance or else the tongue will be as dumb as Zachariah's before John was born unto all Gospel mysteries Next the hearers will be as deaf unto the sound thereof as dumb unto the utterance of it before the Spirit comes and works kindly on their hearts to a fruitful reception thereof How possibly else could twelve plain Tradesmen Mechanicks Fishermen c. go on with that boldness in preaching the Gospel and have that door of utterance and entertainment almost in the whole world amongst inveterate and malicious enemies of God and Christ if the great Key-bearer of David had not touched their tongues and unshut their mouths and tâ—â— hearts of their hearers both at once the one with a power of speaking the other with a power and willingness of hearing receiving and treasuring up what they had heard and learned What a large door hath Christ laid open since the first days of reformation to this present day This could never be attained unto by the power of man but by Christ who by weak and despicable things and persons hath confounded the wise and mighty of the antichristian world as Luther was wont to say consider with what weapons I have overcome their errors I have never touched them with a finger but Christ hath destroyed them all with the Spirit of his mouth i. e. the word of his Gospel What doings what imprisonings what finings what punishments what tortures what punishments what deaths did the old Popish Doctors and clergy and of late the prelatical Bishops raise and invent to shut up this door that Christ had opened to his faithful witnesses in this land and yet what did they prevail and get thereby but by dashing themselves against the corner stone and by endeavouring to suffocate and shut up the true light became themselves the children of darkness and broke themselves to pieces against the corner stone and became the scorn of the whole world And if such endeavours are again set on foot against Christ's faithful witnesses to shut that door which Christ hath laid open to them let the experience of the time past towards the Prelatical persons and others of the same stamp be a curb unto such undertakers and an encouragement to all his faithful ones that they need not fear the reproaches or actings of men against them for it is Christ that hath opened a door unto them and no man shall shut it For thou hast a little strength and hast kept my word and hast not denyed my name These words are no diminution to the praise of the church of Philadelphia for having a little strength for the sense runs thus Because though thy strength be but small and thy gifts be but low in respect of others yet thou hast well improved those which thou hast and hast maintained my truth and hast not denyed my name This manner of speaking is usual among the Hebrews who put the coupling particle and for the disjunctive thouâ—h or yet This is called little strength not in opposition of much corruption that reigned in Philadelphia as Sardis that had but a few names alive because the greatest part were dead but this is called little strength being apparently no great strength comparatively to what others had and that God had given her for her talent which she improving and putting to profitable uses according to the parable Matth. 25. and therefore of all the seven churches this is most commended of God and in nothing reproved by him Hence Note Observ That a small Talent well improved is followed both by a benediction and a commendation from God himself The Parable in Matâ—h 25. confirms this where he that encreases his Talent is made owner of more and Governour of many Cities This church of Philadelphia bears the name from all her Sisters for her proficiency in the Truths of Christ Though her strength was not so great nor her profession and abilities seemed so high as the rest yet she was more fruitful then the rest and therefore she surpasses them all and hath the greatest portion and blessing given her then to any other and so becoms the only daughter of her mother the peerless Sister of the seven Have not of late many low despicable churches and persons for well improving their small Talents became fragrant gardens and eminent workmen in God's Vineyard whiles others of higher profession parts and abilities for want of husbanding their Talents both lost their Talents and became barren Desarts and like unsavoury Salt fit only to be cast into the Dunghil Though my years be but few and my experience small yet for want of this improvement I have known great Doctors to become Wittalls in the things of Christ and on the other hand children and babes by bettering of their Talents though but of small and of a little strength and as but a Mustard-seed in the beginning yet to become sound Doctors in the church of Christ and at last to grow up as great Trees in the Vineyard of God whereunto the Birds of the Ayr may fly for shelter Vers 9. Behold I will make them of the Sinagogue of Satan which call themselves Jews and are not but do lye Behold I say I will make them that they shall come and worship before thy feet and they shall know that I have loved thee By this double remarkable Asterisme or twice repeated Note of attention Behold In one verse Christ is about to bring to pass some notable worke in his church and what is it but to make the perverse Iews that troubled the peace of the churches in blaspheming the truths of Christ and endeavouring to bring afflictions and tribulations on the true Professors thereof but to make them stoop to the Scepter of Christ and to make them worship him before their feet to make them one flock and one church and to make them know that this Christ and this church whom they have vilified blasphemed and persecuted to be the only special object of God's Law and the only way and means to salvation and eternal life But to explicate the words more fully Behold I will make them of
the Sinagogue of Satan The words in the Greek copy are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Beza's Version reads them Prebebo eos qui sunt ex Synaga Satana The Verb is in the Present tense I give and not in the Future and what is given Those that call themselves Jews I give or I yeild is put in the present tense either for the more certain denotation of the certainty of the good promised to come in the future for so the latter clause doth intimate I will make them that they shall come and worship c. Or else Secondly it denotes unto us that God did at that present time make some of the Iews to submit themselves unto his church as it were a taste and first fruits or as a pawn and earnest of their more full general and universal call and subjection to the Scepter of Iesus Christ which should ensue in future ages which the latter clause of this verse is full unto whereof more hereafter I formerly she wed on cap. 2. ver 9. how those Iews that are only so by lineage and descent do lye when they cal themselves Iews and are not To call ones self a Iew in those days when John wrote this Revelation was as much as to profess and to arrogate to themselves that they were the seed of Jacob and had Abraham to their Father and were the Israel of God the only people of God his peculiar Inheritage to whom the promises appertained the children of the Kingdom to whom the Oracles of God were committed and all others Aliens and Barbarians in respect of them who alone had the priviledges of the children a holy Nation the Lord's Portion who alone had the Temple Divine Ordinances Worship and clear Visions of God Now when those persons that boasted themselves of those priviledges yet persecuted reviled and blasphemed Christ and his churches as they did that of Smyrna cap. 2. 9. They cease to be true Iews and make a lye when they call or profess themselves Iews true Israelites of God when indeed they are children of the Divel and of the Sinagogue of Satan for his works and counsels they do really execute and performe they do synagere work together plot study and execute one and the same thing and therefore worthy to be denominated his Disciples of this infernal Colledg and Synagogue and not of Christ's church colledg or of the Society of Iesus Hence Note Observ That many are apt to call and boast themselves to be true Jews true Israelites of God true Christians that in truth are not for their evil works and blasphemies both towards Christ and true Christians doth evidently shew that they do lye in their Profession and Indeed are not true inward Jews and Christians but of the Synagogue of Satan You would have thought it strange to hear of a Sinagogue of Satan an University as it were for the Divel set up among the holy people of God his own Inheritance and yet it was most true John Baptist could have called them a generation of Vipers and Christ more plainly the children of the Divel for his works they did do and John here a Synagogue of Satan and that most deservedly for their contumelious reproaches and oppositions against the Gospel of Christ and true Believers We have a true counterpane of these carnal Jews among the christian churches in those days who call themselves christians and children of the Kingdome and yet only fit to be cast into utter darkness They crack of the Temple of God of Ministry of Ordinances of true Visions of God and the truth and yet who more enemies to the truth and to true godliness They are just like the Iews of old that boast of Abraham to be their Father and that they are Israelites as from Jacob and yet are ready with the Iews to crucifie the Lord of life in his Saints and followers They think it enough with their elder Brethren the Iews to have Abrahams and Iacobs to their Ancestors and Progenitors but for Abraham's faith or Jacob's spirit in wrestling with God let that alone for them that will They think it safe enough to be of Israel according to the flesh to be born in a christian Nation or church and to have some external badges and priviledges of children as Baptisme or the like then all is well whilst the weightiest things of the Law and the most substaintial parts of Religion they let ly by and contemn And what are all their arrogating Titles when truth is wanting but a kind of blasphemy and a lye I know the blasphemy of them that say they are Jews and are not cap. 2. 9. for indeed he is not a Iew which is one outwardly in circumcision of the flesh but he is a Iew which is one inwardly whose heart is circumcised and is one in the spirit Rom. 2.28 There were two sorts of people that did call themselves Iews and were not but did lye 1. The Samaritans 2. They of Iudea and Ierusalem and both by their perverse carriages to Christ and the truth did blaspheme and dishonour the honourable name of a Iew. So among christians there are two sorts that wound this honourable name of christians who call themselves christian churches and are not but do wrong and blaspheme the honourable name of church and christians I mean the Romish Popish Synagogue and many of the pretended reformed churches The first like the Iews of old cry out The Temple of the Lord The Temple of the Lord O The Church The holy Catholique Church The Chaire of Peter The infallible Chair of Peter We are the only Spouse of Christ no salvation without our jurisdiction and yet who greater blasphemers reproachers and persecutors of the true christian churches and Saints then they And seeing they will not part with the Title of the church let them keep it but is such a one as is here mentioned the church or Synagogue of Satan not of Christ and as long as their Idolatries continue she will ever be a Babel not a Bethel counterfeit Iews no real spiritual ones christians only in Title and shew not in truth notwithstanding all their high pretentions and claimes to the contrary 2. So many of the pretended reformed christians cry out We are of the reformation we are baptised we are of the Lutheranes confession we are of the Calvinists and yet no Papist more blind more ignorant more vile more profane or greater enemies to Christ in the power of godliness The names titles and honour of christians they love they esteem they expect and yet who vainer who more profane more ungodly or less deserve it then they They are only nominal christians outward Iews but to the inward spiritual Iew who more strangers to it then they Let them therefore look to it notwithstanding their high and honourable affected titles least the spirit of God shall declare the very truth and manifest to all true christians that they are only seeming Iews and do lye
in which their souls would delight Neither can they be ignorant thereof being to be sharers and compartners in that Kingdom though differing from one another in judgements and opinions the weak christian shall be a partner therein as well as the strong and therefore all of this sort must needs know it if it were come down from heaven on earth already 2. In the next place the wicked and ungodly of the world must needs then take notice of it also for there is written thereon the name of God of new Jerusalem and the new name of the same all signifying power strength and glory which they must needs be sensible of and feel the effects thereof unto their pain if the time were at hand that they should rule and break them as a Potters vessel as in cap. 2. v. 27. with a rod of iron That Kingdom that comes down from heaven from God shall surely be seen and acknowledged of all and especially coming with thaâ— power and glory as the day of the Saints triumphant reign does being ushered in with the most glorious appearing of the morning 〈◊〉 Christ in the clouds with myriads of his Angels and raâ—â—â—d Saâ—â—â—s that none can possibly be ignorant of it Therefore that I may deal plainly with those that would have the Saints to reigne before their Leader Head and King appears 't is much to be doubted that their spirits are not right with their master's spirit who was meek peaceable ready to suffer under the powers of the world not drawing the sword to free or revenge himself or his followers but checked Peter for it when he attempted it on Malchas and the rest that laid hands upon him Christ well knew that his Kingdom was not of this world of this age of sin and corruption and therefore his way was not to enter upon it by swords and blood but by suffering and patience and so entered into his glory and they that go another way may build a city but not such a one as comes down from God out of heaven whose builder is God they may erect a city whose builder is man and on whose gates and walls are written their own names not of God or of Christ's nor of the new Jerusalem they may build a Babel not a Bethel a Kingdom wherein the Beast may reign in not Christ and his Saints a Kingdom of weakness and imperfection whereby they themselves and all that trust thereunto may be justly involved into utter ruine and misery for trusting to the weak arm of flesh and leaving off their hopes in the living God and of that everlasting new city promised to the conquering suffering patient Saints and not to the heady rebellious or precipitant ones of the earth and whereon the name of God of the new Jerusalem and the new name of Christ is written and inscribed so plain and so evident that he that runneth may read it and say at the time when it descends that this is the Spouse the Lamb's wife the great city the holy Ierusalem that came down from God which shall be so universal and conspicuous for light and glory that all Nations of the earth that are saved shall walk in the light thereof and bring their glory to it and this city had no need of the Sun neither of the Moon to shine in it for the glory of God did lighten it and the Lamb is the light thereof Rev. 21.23 Vers 13. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches If it be demanded why these words are so often inculcated at the end of each particular Epistle to the several churches I answer What was written to them was not only peculiarly relating unto themselves but unto all others to take notice of also unto the ends of the world coming under the same conditions with themselves according to that of Paul Rom. 15.4 It was not only written for them but for our instruction also And therefore let the wise christian consider what the Spirit saith unto the churches Ver. 14. And unto the Angel of the church of the Laodiceans write these things saith the Amen the faithful and true witness the beginning of the creation of God The seventh and last of Christ's monitory Epistles is written to the chief Minister or Pastor of the church of the Laodiceans which was Archippus as some say mentioned Coloss 4.17 not far from Philadelphia in the lesser Asia It was called Laodicea from Laodice wife of Antiochus who built it in honour of his wife and called it according to her name Laodicea which name in the Greek signifies as much as Commandress Princess or Dictatrix of the people The nature and disposition of this church was somwhat agreeable to the nature of her name She conceived her self to be a glorious church a Princess amongst the rest of her Sister churches for so in vers 17. she vaunts her self to be rich to be increased with goods and to want nothing But when the Spirit of Christ brought her to the tryal she was found wretched miserable poor blinde and naked Hence by the way Note Observ That God does often in his providence ordain names to persons and places sutable and well comporting with their natural dispositions and qualities Christ was called Jesus because he was the Saviour of the world Ioshua had a name also from the same root he being also a temporal Saviour unto Israel leading them into the land of Canaan saving and delivering them from the hands and fury of the Canaanites the ancient inhabitants of the holy Land Many examples are found of the like kinde as Iohn whose name and nature both were gracious Chrysostome he was an eloquent golden mouthed Father and he had a name sutable to his nature Many more of the like kinde will offer themselves to the observant eye but these shall suffice 2. For places and churches Rome was called Roma from Romulus from some old word of the like sound which signifies strength Babylon from Babel confusion Philadelphia had a beloved name and she was a beloved church Laodicea had a vain-glorious name and she was a vain-glorious church much boasting of her spiritual riches whiles miserable poor and naked These things saith the Amen c. Christ is here described under a threefold property 1. As the Amen 2. As the faithful and true witness 3. As the beginning of the Creation of God These three properties are taken out of the general description of Christ in the preliminary Epistle to the seven churches in the first chapter First he is called the Amen out of the eighteenth verse of the first chapter to denote unto us Observ That what Christ promiseth and predicteth in this book of Prophesies must surely come to pass And that the truth hereof may not fail he adds another property taken out of chap. 1. v. 5. He being the faithful and true witness Now what this Amen hath promised predicted and said in these prophesies must
mouth for this their sin hath not God done the very same thing with us here in England here of late for this hermaphrodical religion that was professed amongst us half popish half reformed half rotten half sound even spewed it out root and branch never to be licked up more Is it not also to be feared that the same mongrel luke-warm condition is creeping in upon us again What meaneth else the many vindications that are set forth of late of the lawfulness of their practises doctrines missions calls hyerarchical superintendencies national churches and maintenancies and the like If Christ have vomited them out as unholy things he will not return again to take them up they are loathed of him for their mongrel temper and therefore spewed out and if you will know who they are that endeavours to lick them up again They are dogs I mean whelps of Rome that desire to return to their vomit They are Sows I mean unclean worldlings that make their belly their God that desire to return to wallow in the myre of Antichristian fooleries I shall say no more but this If Reformation according to Gospel pattern be the way be zealous in it burn in it walk in it stoutly couragiously as children of light but if Rome be the way to the new Jerusalem take her mark follow her and be not ashamed of her for Christ will not endure a middle temperature between both either be all Romish or all Reformed there is no medium between heaven and hell neither between true christian and antichristian either be the one or the other for because thou art neither hot nor cold it will come to pass to thee as it did to Laodicea Christ will spew thee out of his mouth Be wise therefore ye children of light Hold fast the liberty wherewith Christ hath made you free Have not your faces or thoughts towards the onyons and flesh pots of Egypt again but let your faces be to Zion-wards to build up the breaches thereof and be hot zealous fervent therein and that according to knowledge and then doubtless God will be with you and lead you into Goshen into a land of peace and rest Vers 17. Because thou sayest I am rich and encreased with goods and have need of nothing and knowest not that thou art wretched and miserable and poor and blinde and naked Laodiceas sin of luke-warmness had a two-fold ground or rise 1. Proceeding from a false perswasion of her own worthiness 2. From the ignorance of her own misery Her vain perswasion of her own worth proceeds from the consideration and conceit of her great wealth and riches not only spiritual which she wanted and Christ adviseth her to buy of him in the next verse but temporal and worldly she boasts her self not only to be rich and abounding in riches of both sorts but also to want nothing she had such a fulness that her contentation was compleat Many persons may abound and be rich and yet want much of fulness of satisfaction and contentation but the church of Laodicea it seemed abounded to contentation in her own conceit which is the highest pitch of riches for she had need of nothing and hence grew that sin of hers luke-warmness and half christianity From hence Note Observ 1. That the most rich and abounding wealthy churches are aptest to become the more remiss moderate indifferent and luke-warm christians In the primitive times when the churches were poor and low in the world they were purest more zealous and eminent for truth and martyrdom but when the church was indulged and lull'd in the lap of Constantine the great she grew more remiss and as riches and preferments were heaped on her she grew dayly more luke-warm till at the last she became key-cold as unto the truth as it is in Jesus and so shortly became purely Antichristian when the great preferments of Episcopal Lordships Deanries Arch-deanries Prebendaries c. were on foot among us Christ's Pastors became silken Priests and where was then true zeal for the truth That was driven into corners among some poor Puritans Brownists Anabaptists so scornfully called and the like but for the rest they were but half christians a medley of moral civilians half Romish half Reformed and this proceeds from the nature of riches and prosperity which is apter to choke the seed of grace then adversity and to bring a forgetfulness of God and a luke-warmness upon the hearts of those that do abound therein and therefore the children of God are so often warned in the Word that they take heed to themselves lest when they are full and cloyed with God's blessings through over-fulness they should forget the Lord. Thou sayest thou art rich c. And knowest not that thou art wretched and miserable c. The other cause of Laodiceas sin is the ignorance of her misery which she could not see and perceive by reason she was blinded by her outward prosperity and riches From whence Observe Observ 2. That the most ignorant and wretchedly miserable Church is the most boasting and highest pretending to spiritual riches and graces Doth not the church of Rome this day vaunt that she is the only rich one increased with goods and have need of nothing And 't is true if she only meant of worldly goods she is most pompous and replete therein but that is not all she vaunts too of her spiritual riches she calls her self Roma sancta the only Mother church the holy catholique church and no salvation without her pales the only Keeper of the Treasures of the Spirit and dispenseth them where she pleaseth and yet notwithstanding this high claim and pretence who more truly wretched miserable blinde ignorant naked and destitute of all true graces then she Laodicea was so vain-glorious that she could boast of her riches and yet she was the poorest of the seven of all the Reformed churches Our English under Episcopacy was wont to bear the Bell for outward splendour and glorying not only in her external riches but also of the magnificence of her worship beyond all others and yet among them all who nearer and dearer to her Sister Rome then she She was then looked upon as the first returning daughter to her Mother Harlot as the Apostate Bayly in his Epistle to the Reader of his book called End to Controversie testifies page 67. where he says That there were no other difference between them but that the Tapers upon their Altars wanted light and their Altars Priests and their Ceremonies purpose But the Lord since hath made a wider breach his name be praised for it and rendered her more irreconcileable to Rome then ever heretofore and we trust never more to be made up between them For further describing the wretchedness of the highly pretending church of Rome which may be truly parallell'd to the church of Laodicea in this particular of vain-glorying and boasting she hath here five degrees ascribed to her The two first are as common