Selected quad for the lemma: truth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
truth_n	aaron_n	church_n	king_n	42	3	3.6862	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81826	Of the right of churches and of the magistrates power over them. Wherein is further made out 1. the nullity and vanity of ecclesiasticall power (of ex-communicating, deposing, and making lawes) independent from the power of magistracy. 2. The absurdity of the distinctions of power and lawes into ecclesiasticall and civil, spirituall and temporall. 3. That these distinctions have introduced the mystery of iniquity into the world, and alwayes disunited the minds and affections of Christians and brethren. 4. That those reformers who have stood for a jurisdiction distinct from that of the magistrate, have unawares strenghthened [sic] the mystery of iniquity. / By Lewis du Moulin Professour of History in the Vniversity of Oxford.	Du Moulin, Lewis, 1606-1680.	1658 (1658)	Wing D2544; Thomason E2115_1; ESTC R212665	195,819	444

in which he seems to give something to the magistrate but in truth gives nothing however he is sure to raise a dust of distinctions that neither satisfy one nor the other Pag. 259. he alledgeth the 25. article of the confession of the church of Scotland which saith that to Kings Princes rulers and magistrates chiefly and most principally the conservation and the purgation of religion pertaineth so that not only they are appointed for civil policy but also for maintenance of the true religion and for suppressing idolatry and all superstition what soever He who never had heard of a double jurisdiction ecclesiasticall and civil or of a power of excommunicating deposing making lawes and determining so authoritatively about matters of faith and discipline that the magistrate is not to revise their judgements or receive complaints from church-judicatories he who never I say had heard of these positions would never deduct them by any consequence out of the words of the confession of Scotland quoted by Mr. Gillespie for quite contrary they unite all power into one make the magistrate sole governour of churches nationall provinciall and consistoriall and sole judge of heresies canous decrees and church-censures and besides overturn all Mr. Gillespies ground upon which he thinks to have laid very fast the fabrick of his ecclesiasticall jurisdiction independent from the magistrate and lastly reinvest the magistrate with the right and power which Mr. Gillespie hath taken from him when every where he denieth these three things 1. that the magistrate as magistrate intends the glory of Jesus Christ no otherwise then a sea-man or a picture-drawer as such see p. 187. 2. that he is to rule in the name of Christ p. 235. 3. that a magistrate as such is subservient to Christ as mediatour But let us examine by parts the force of the words of the confession of Scotland and how they agree with Mr. Gillespies usuall determinations 1. That article of the confession ascribeth to the magistrate at least an equall jurisdiction over ecclesiasticall persons and things which he hath over civil for they say he is appointed not only for civil policy but also for maintenance of the true religion so that equally he is charged by God to extirpate heresies reform the church and to purge the Commonwealth from seditions abuses crimes c. 2. Yea the article puts a great deal more stresse of duty upon the magistrate to govern the church and maintain and reform the true religion then to rule the Commonwealth besides making the end and ayme of magistrates and magistracy not so much peace and quietnesse as honesty and godlinesse and not so much the glory of his dominions as that of Jesus Christ 3. But how can it be that as the article saith the magistrate should be appointed by God chiefly and principally for maintaining the true religion for purging it from heresies schisme idolatry c. and yet the while he should not rule in the name of Christ nor should be subservient to the Kingdom of Jesus Christ as mediatour as Mr. G●llespie speaketh Can the Lord Iesus appoint officers whose office and place is chiefly and principally to promote the interest of Iesus Christ and yet those officers shall not intend that which chiefly they are to intend and are appointed for namely the glory of Iesus Christ and the advancement of his Kingdom How can the article stand with what he saith p. 187. that magistrates as such do not intend the glory of Iesus Christ otherwise then a sea-man a printer a merchant So that by what he saith the magistrates act towards the promoting and advancing Christs Kingdom hath no more congruity then the act of a physitian building a house which he doth not build as a physitian but as an architect and builder Thus Mr. Gillespie maketh not a magistrate or magistracy but his Christian profession subservient to the interest of Iesus Christ 4. But how can the magistrates principall duty be to purge religion extirpate idolatry and heresy with a power only depending on God except his judgement in discerning what is true religion and what idolatry be as absolute and independent on any judicatory as his power and duty is It God hath placed in the same person or persons both a duty and a power to reforme and purge religion sure he hath not denyed him the main condition required to the discharge of that duty and the exercise of that power and that condition is the duty of a judge whose judgement of a law or sentence whether right or wrong goeth alwayes along with his judicall power so that the magistrate must judge with a judgement of discretion and approbation of the truth the goodnesse equity of any matter propounded to 〈◊〉 by presbyteries and synods before it be law 〈◊〉 decree or judiciall sentence obliging externally men to obedience This language of the article of the confession of Scotland falls sometimes from Mr. Gillespies pen as pag. 187. It lyes upon the magistrate to advance that high and eminent vocation of his that Christ may be glorified as King of the church and p. 191. he saith magistrates are appointed not only for civil policy but for the conservation and purgation of religion But Mr. Gillespie may be well excused if he let fall such passages from his pen pulling down with one hand what he hath set up with the other for Beza a great advocate of ecclesiasticall jurisdiction and by whom it hath taken a great rise will sometimes thus forget himself namely in an epistle of his it is the 83. to a namelesse friend beating down at one blow his ecclesiasticall jurisdiction independent from the magistrate The words are Docet nos igitur Dei verbum c. The word of God teacheth us that it is the duty of magistrates to be even the chief guardians of ecclesiasticall order Therefore their charge is to look and provide that a presbytery rightly constituted according to the word of God do act all things lawfully and when need is to interpose their authority that things well judged and constituted be performed that the ring leaders of disorders be restrained and punished according to their deserts So likewise it is the office of the presbyterie to implore the ayd of the magistrate when needfull and obey him when he rightly admonisheth Certain it is the magistrate is made here sole judge to pronounce when the presbyterie is well constituted and its judgements are right and to interpose his authority as he seeth cause And at the end of the epistle officium magistratus vel hoc praecipuum est ut qui Domino ministrant legitime vocentur rite officio suo fungantur It is even the chief duty of the magistrate that those that minister to the Lord be lawfully called and perform well their office Thus the magistrate is made judge of the lawfullnesse of the call and when ministers discharge their places aright Sure he that hath the power to judge

Lord neither do I ●…sse honour the churches of Scotland then those of France I would fain make all churches and brethren friends without prejudice to the truth which I conceive I can retain inviolable by that temperament I have followed which giveth unto the magistrate his due and to private churches their right which denyeth not the presbyterians a discipline but only groundeth it upon a firmer and steadier foundation then they have hitherto done themselves The Lord reveal these truths which are very much subservient to saving truths to all sorts of people that so the minds of the people of God may be more settled and united to retain the foundation that is in Christ Iesus not by constraint and by an externall coercive jurisdiction but with a ready mind and that others who are otherwise led captive by their errors and ignorance in doctrine but much more swayed by this mystery of iniquity or ecclesiasticall jurisdiction may now by the discovery of this truth get freedom and by it the knowledge of saving truths hid from them because of their bondage Thus the truth of that saying of the Lord Iesus will be more manifest If ye know the truth ye shall be free indeed Did but those of the Romish communion understand that all Papall Episcopall Presbyteriall and Ecclesiasticall jurisdiction which is not subordinate to the power of magistracy is repugnant to Scripture and reason they would soon by the knowledge of this one truth recover their liberty and with it the opportunity of having saving truths taught them lying no longer in shackles for fear of men which though imaginarie ones have kept them in as much captivity as if they had been really of iron For the ecclesiasticall jurisdiction and excommunication the product of it put forth and exercised over magistrates and people by inconsiderable men for coercive power have hitherto been like to a child leading about an Elephant with a thred who if he knew his own strength would lead the strongest man that is with a single hair In short all ecclesiasticall jurisdiction without a power of magistracy is like the feathers of an arrow which can never hit nor have a direct motion but with the wood to which it is adjoyned The feathers alone may be made to fly at one but never to hurt or make any impression I will conclude this Preface with the words of Antonius de Dominis lib. 5. de rep cap. 2. who says that all ecclesiasticall jurisdiction is ineffectuall without a power of magistracy Nihil sine potestate laica obtinebimus neminem ecclesiastica potestate possumus extrudere abripere expellere If this which is the substance and the whole drift of my book can be made out to me not to be Scripture and reason I will not obstinatly maintain either this or any other errour but acknowledge it both to God and man as I ought continually all those of my life which as I hope God will forgive me so till I be otherwise taught I crave no pardon either of God or man for holding this which to some is an errour but to me and I hope in Gods good time it shall be so to others as clear a truth as that two and two are four ERRATA Pag. 121. l. 16. read to whom I give thanks Pag. 242. l. 11. dele common Pag. 215. l. 2. read Cornelius Nepos saith Pag. 292. l. 27. read next to the magistrates who have Pag. 311. l. 14. for was read is Pag. 355. l. 2. read supra quam Of the Right of CHVRCHES And of The Magistrates power over them CHAPTER I. OF the nature of power and authority That there are but two wayes to bring men to yield obedience either by a coactive power or by perswading them by advice counsell That there is no medium betwixt command and counsell which sheweth that Ecclesiasticall jurisdiction is a name without a thing not being exercised by either of them The division of power and of the subordination and coordination of powers Many errours and mistakes are discovered about subordination and coordination of powers That the power called Ecclesiasticall doth signifie nothing and such as it is is subordinate to that of the Magistrate THe nature of power right command obedience function law judgement are so twisted together and linked that it is not possible to treat of one alone for as the perfection of power is command so power is exercised with lawes by those that have right to it and a function in the state obedience is a yielding to power command lawes counsells and advices The word Potestas power denotes three things Person Right and Office Often it is taken for the person or persons that are the soveraign Magistrate it is also opposite to jus or right thus Tacitus in the third Book of his annals saith that right is weakned when power comes in In a large sense it is defined A faculty to bring any thing to passe either by right or by wrong or thus A faculty in the agent to move it self towards the patient either necessarily or at the will of the agent necessarily in a naturall body but arbitrarily in an intelligence either Divine or Angelicall and humane Authority as it hath relation to man is a faculty in the agent to move it self at the will of the patient for power is exercised over men against their will but authority is over those that willingly yield and are perswaded and convinced yet sometimes power and authority are promiscuously used But philosophers humanists and statists usually ascribe authority to men and writings that put no coercion or force to mens actions thus they attribute great authority to the placita and responsa of wise and prudent men whose judgements dictates and definitions who ever giveth no credit 〈◊〉 is taxed of foolishnesse not of rebellion or disobedience and so to men commendable for their age wisedome prudence and experience as the Heathens did to their Plato Socrates Aristoteles Zeno Princes of Schools who captivated the minds not the bodies of their hearers 'T is in that sense Cicero in his first Book of Offices in the very beginning speaks of the great authority that Cratippus and Athens had though neither of them had power either of legislation or of jurisdiction and in his Epistles he often mentioneth those that were in great favour and authority with Caesar and Pompey although they had no power of jurisdiction over them Albeit Grammarians should put no difference betwixt power authority yet nature custome and the practise of all nations yea the holy Scripture distinguisheth power of jurisdiction and command which imposeth penalties upon the transgressours from that authority which enforceth not the outward man but only worketh upon the soul perswadeth and begetteth belief respect and reverence Power of jurisdiction is alwayes attended with command and followed with obedience either active or passive to the command of the power but authority being for the most part attended with some of

Divines yet living both of the argument in hand and of the writings of the Author Of some mens strong prejudices against and harsh censures of him 369 The PREFACE I Intend here by way of Preface to give a brief account how I came to write of this subject Having a little before the beginning of the long Parliament in the year 1639. written a piece in Latin against the corrupted party of the English Hierarchy who made as near approaches as they could towards Popery and being a little while after engaged in that quarrell it so fell out that this corrupt party being soon foiled by the great torrent of opposition they met withall their opposers themselves who were very numerous did soon divide into parts and factions dissenting from one another particularly about church-way and discipline which afforded me new matter to study on which I did being indifferently affected towards the four kinds of opinions held in the reverend assembly of Divines viz. of Episcopacy moderated Presbytery Independency and Erastianisme and for many years together not giving my approbation more to one of them then to the rest before such time as I should be well resolved in the controversy I pittyed for a long time the preposterous endeavours of each party tending to make the rent wider while they sought rather the victory then the truth brother became eager against brother branding each other with schisme and heresy their principles so far dividing them asunder that partners in the same martyrdome and who had lost their ears together were soon together by the ears and Mr. Edwards by name in shewing rather his spleen then his zeal and Dr. Bastwick who stiled himself the Captain of the presbyterian army did but powre oyle upon the fire of dissention in stead of quenching it as likewise did our brethren the Scots when they wound up their string of ecclesiasticall jurisdiction to such an height that it was ready to break and ranked the Erastians in the list of abominable hereticks pointing therein particularly at poor and mild Mr. Coleman walking almost alone in a melancholy posture and who would not give rayling for rayling but mildly intreated all the brethren that dissented from him specially the presbyterians to give a satisfactory answer to the queries of the Parliament touching a jurisdiction and government of the church distinct from that of the magistrate and to shew in Scripture a place parallel to Matth. 18. v. 17. where by the word Church is meant either the ministers or a presbyterian consistory besides to find out in Scripture the name and thing of excommunication or that it is as well though not as much a soul-saving ordinance as preaching of the word and the administration of the Sacraments as the reverend presbyterian ministers would fain have perswaded him in their reasons against the dissenting brethren p. 63. At length being well satisfied that truth seldome lyes on the multitudes side as I did much pitty Mr. Coleman so did I fall to study him and thought it but reasonable ere I should join with the generall clamour against him to hear what he could say for himself And indeed his still voice did more work upon me then all the thundring voices of his opposites So then being convinced by him about eight years since I put forth in print a tract in English the drift whereof was only to assert the power of the magistrate in matters of religion which subject being but an answer to a letter I handled cursorily and superficially And while I was upon that work I was much in charity as I expresse in some passages of that tract with the churches of the congregationall-way no lesse cried out upon then Mr. Coleman both here and beyond seas specially in France where namely at Charenton near Paris a nationall synod condemned them by an authentick act yet then I had no such thought as to conceive or imagine that the power and right of private churches or congregations could agree well with the power of the magistrate in matters of religion But soon after the publishing of this English tract my uncle Dr. Andrew Rivet whose memory is very precious to me and to all the Churches of God sent me a Latin manuscript made by a Divine in France wherein he endeavoured the confuting of my English book and besides did much taxe me for favouring the congregationall way so much spoken-against amongst the reformed churches in France and expressely condemned by a nationall synod of theirs About the same time came Amyraldus forth in print as full of bitternesse and invectives against them as Mr. Edwards in his Gangrena Both which books I mean Amyraldus and that which Dr. Rivet sent me were the cause occasion and subject of writing my Paraenesis in Latin In writing of which I was insensibly carried to conceive and propound wayes of accommodation betwixt the brethren of the congregationall way and the assertors of that measure of power in sacred things allotted to the magistrate by Musculus Bullinger Gualterus and Erastus nothing doubting but that by these propositions of reconciliation and accommodation I have given with a very little yielding on both sides the true way and notion of settling in such a nation as this where the soveraign magistrate is orthodox might be made out and the Christian reformed religion worship established with more peace truth and holinesse of life then they were ever hitherto since the times of the Apostles These notions suting more to the purpose and interest of the English climat nation ought to have been then rather put in English then Latin but that I mistrusted my own abilities to appear in publick in any other tongue then Latin or French and that I had a great mind first to disabuse other nations particularly my own countreymen who were possessed with strange prejudices against the godly party of this nation as well presbyterians as others by the false suggestions and informations of Amyraldus so far that some have expressed to me by letters how much they bewailed the lamentable condition of England where all religion and fear of God was well-near quite extinct where there was no church-discipline no excommunication no synods no ordination no lay-elders no Lords prayer or ten commandements rehersed and no Sacrament of the Lords supper administred Now this present tract coming after the other and being otherwise digested and framed and those controversies that concern England being chiefly handled therein and all brought within a narrower compasse I do not despair but that my present designe will be excused though I come short of giving satisfaction to all parties I honour equally the persons learning and piety of those that I assent to and dissent from no lesse respecting the memory of Mr. Gillespie an eminent man for wit piety learning and soundnesse of faith but very erroneous in what he stiffely maintaineth in his Aarons Rod then that of Mr. Coleman or of any of Gods Ministers now with the