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excommunicate_v the_o church_n of_o asia_n that_o celebrate_a easter_n the_o fourteen_o of_o the_o moon_n of_o march_n as_o also_o because_o he_o continue_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o those_o church_n of_o asia_n without_o be_v concern_v at_o the_o excommunication_n of_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n 2._o he_o reduce_v the_o whole_a faith_n of_o christian_n throughout_o the_o world_n to_o that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o apostle_n creed_n without_o mention_v so_o much_o as_o a_o word_n of_o those_o doctrine_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v superad_v to_o it_o pretend_v to_o confirm_v they_o by_o tradition_n lib._n 1._o c._n 2._o 3._o he_o maintain_v the_o scripture_n to_o be_v both_o clear_a and_o perfect_a lib._n 2._o c._n 47._o 4._o he_o reject_v the_o doctrine_n which_o the_o heretic_n ground_v upon_o the_o explication_n of_o some_o parable_n maintain_v that_o nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v establish_v but_o upon_o clear_a and_o evident_a place_n of_o scripture_n lib._n 2._o c._n 46._o 5._o it_o appear_v by_o his_o write_n that_o penance_n at_o that_o time_n be_v public_a without_o dispense_n with_o woman_n that_o be_v overtake_v with_o the_o sin_n of_o uncleanness_n by_o which_o mean_v be_v expose_v to_o extreme_a confusion_n it_o make_v some_o of_o they_o abjure_v christianity_n lib._n 1._o c._n 9_o 6._o he_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o caelibat_fw-la be_v not_o yet_o know_v in_o asia_n whence_o these_o first_o christian_n of_o the_o gaul_n derive_v their_o original_a which_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o fevardentius_n lib._n 1._o c._n 9_o 7._o he_o assign_v to_o the_o marcosian_o the_o custom_n of_o anoint_v those_o they_o receive_v into_o their_o communion_n with_o balm_n opobalsamo_n which_o show_v that_o at_o that_o time_n extreme_a unction_n be_v not_o know_v and_o we_o may_v make_v the_o same_o observation_n from_o his_o impute_v to_o other_o heretic_n the_o anoint_v of_o person_n at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n with_o oil_n and_o water_n lib._n 1._o c._n 18._o 8._o he_o attribute_n to_o the_o gnostic_n the_o imitation_n of_o the_o heathen_n because_o they_o have_v the_o image_n of_o jesus_n christ_n lib._n 1._o c._n 24._o which_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o christian_n have_v no_o image_n much_o less_o that_o they_o give_v to_o they_o any_o religious_a worship_n and_o indeed_o we_o find_v he_o reason_v lib._n 2._o c._n 6._o after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o show_v that_o the_o christian_n be_v yet_o in_o full_a possession_n of_o a_o right_a to_o reproach_v the_o heathen_n with_o all_o those_o absurdity_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o use_n of_o image_n the_o same_o may_v also_o be_v gather_v from_o lib._n 2._o c._n 42._o where_o he_o divide_v the_o law_n into_o two_o table_n in_o a_o manner_n very_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o altogether_o conformable_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o josephus_n and_o other_o jewish_a doctor_n 9_o he_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o separability_n of_o accident_n from_o their_o subject_n which_o be_v the_o sole_a support_n of_o transubstantiation_n lib._n 2._o c._n 14._o 10._o he_o in_o plain_a term_n â—ejects_v the_o invocation_n of_o angel_n instead_o thereof_o recommend_v that_o of_o our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n lib._n 2._o c._n 57_o 11._o he_o assert_n that_o the_o bless_a virgin_n have_v unseasonable_a motion_n intempestivam_fw-la festinationem_fw-la john_n 2.3_o so_o far_o be_v he_o from_o believe_v she_o whole_o free_a from_o sin_n lib._n 2._o c._n 18._o this_o show_v that_o when_o he_o say_v cap._n 33._o quod_fw-la alligavit_fw-la virgo_fw-la eva_n per_fw-la incredulitatem_fw-la hoc_fw-la virgo_fw-la maria_fw-la solvit_fw-la per_fw-la fidem_fw-la what_o the_o virgin_n eve_n bind_v up_o by_o her_o unbelief_n that_o the_o virgin_n mary_n set_v free_a by_o her_o faith_n he_o do_v not_o own_o the_o virgin_n for_o the_o person_n that_o save_v man_n but_o his_o meaning_n be_v like_a that_o of_o hesychius_n who_o say_v speak_v of_o the_o woman_n to_o who_o jesus_n christ_n appear_v after_o his_o resurrection_n invenêre_fw-la enim_fw-la say_v he_o mulieres_fw-la quod_fw-la olim_fw-la amisere_fw-la per_fw-la evam_n lucrum_fw-la invenit_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la damni_fw-la occasionem_fw-la praebuerat_fw-la for_o the_o woman_n find_v what_o former_o they_o lose_v by_o eve_n she_o find_v the_o gain_n who_o have_v be_v a_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n t._n 15._o b._n p._n p._n 823._o col_fw-fr 1._o and_o this_o be_v the_o sense_n likewise_o of_o that_o other_o passage_n of_o st._n irenaeus_n which_o we_o find_v lib._n 5._o c._n 19_o for_o though_o he_o call_v the_o virgin_n eve_n advocate_n it_o plain_o appear_v that_o he_o mean_v nothing_o else_o but_o what_o be_v express_v by_o st._n chrysostom_n in_o ps_n 44._o t._n 3._o p._n 221._o virgo_fw-la nos_fw-la paradiso_n expulit_fw-la per_fw-la virginem_fw-la vitam_fw-la aternam_fw-la invenimus_fw-la a_o virgin_n drive_v we_o
power_n into_o spain_n to_o examine_v those_o that_o be_v heretic_n and_o be_v find_v such_o to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n and_o estate_n neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o this_o storm_n will_v have_v reach_v the_o great_a part_n of_o believer_n because_o of_o the_o small_a distinction_n make_v between_o they_o and_o the_o other_o for_o than_o they_o judge_v person_n only_o by_o the_o eye_n esteem_v they_o heretic_n from_o their_o pale_a look_n or_o habit_n rather_o than_o by_o their_o faith_n he_o afterward_o show_v the_o horror_n that_o st._n martin_n have_v conceive_v against_o these_o kind_n of_o proceed_n 254._o there_o be_v nothing_o he_o be_v more_o concern_v about_o illa_fw-la praecipua_fw-la cura_fw-la ne_fw-la tribuni_fw-la cum_fw-la jure_fw-la gladiorum_fw-la ad_fw-la hispanias_fw-la mitterentur_fw-la than_o to_o prevent_v the_o tribune_n be_v send_v into_o spain_n with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n he_o renounce_v communion_n with_o these_o sanguinary_a bishop_n but_o not_o long_o after_o to_o avoid_v a_o great_a mischief_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v up_o that_o point_n though_o he_o still_o refuse_v to_o subscribe_v to_o the_o condemnation_n of_o the_o priscillianist_n huius_fw-la diei_fw-la communionem_fw-la martinus_n iniit_fw-la ibid._n satius_fw-la aestimans_fw-la ad_fw-la horam_fw-la cedere_fw-la quam_fw-la his_fw-la non_fw-la consulere_fw-la quorum_fw-la cervicibus_fw-la gladius_fw-la imminebat_fw-la veruntamen_fw-la summâ_fw-la vi_fw-la episcopis_fw-la nitentibus_fw-la ut_fw-la communionem_fw-la illam_fw-la subscriptione_n firmaret_fw-la extorqueri_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la martin_n communicate_v with_o they_o at_o that_o time_n think_v it_o better_o for_o a_o while_n to_o give_v way_n to_o they_o than_o not_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o safety_n who_o have_v the_o sword_n hang_v over_o they_o but_o yet_o though_o the_o bishop_n use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o make_v he_o ratify_v his_o communicate_v with_o they_o by_o his_o subscription_n they_o can_v never_o bring_v he_o to_o it_o if_o we_o consult_v vincentius_n lirinensis_n and_o cassian_n they_o will_v afford_v we_o much_o light_n as_o to_o the_o state_n of_o these_o diocese_n vincentius_n a_o priest_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o lerin_n be_v one_o of_o those_o who_o can_v best_o inform_v we_o what_o be_v esteem_v orthodox_n in_o these_o church_n indeed_o we_o find_v all_o the_o peculiar_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v condemn_v in_o the_o maxim_n that_o he_o solid_o assert_n in_o the_o 28_o the_o chapter_n of_o his_o commonitorium_fw-la 73._o where_o he_o maintain_v that_o the_o church_n may_v every_o day_n make_v a_o further_a progress_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n and_o all_o this_o without_o make_v any_o innovation_n crescat_fw-la igitur_fw-la oportet_fw-la &_o multum_fw-la vehementerque_fw-la proficiat_fw-la tam_fw-la singulorum_fw-la quam_fw-la omnium_fw-la tam_fw-la unius_fw-la hominis_fw-la quam_fw-la totius_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la aetatum_fw-la ac_fw-la saeculorum_fw-la gradibus_fw-la intelligentia_fw-la scientia_fw-la sapientia_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la genere_fw-la in_fw-la eodem_fw-la se_fw-it dogmate_fw-it eodem_fw-la sensu_fw-la eademque_fw-la sententia_fw-la the_o understanding_n knowledge_n and_o wisdom_n as_o well_o of_o every_o singular_a person_n as_o of_o the_o whole_a church_n aught_o to_o grow_v and_o great_o increase_v according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o time_n and_o age_n but_o every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o way_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o same_o doctrine_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o the_o same_o judgement_n 2._o he_o in_o the_o same_o place_n exclaim_v against_o all_o new_a doctrine_n and_o new_a name_n and_o yet_o own_v that_o the_o church_n acquire_v daily_o more_o light_a in_o matter_n of_o religion_n sed_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la veer_fw-la profectus_fw-la sit_fw-la ille_fw-la fidei_fw-la non_fw-la permutatio_fw-la but_o yet_o so_o that_o this_o be_v real_o a_o advancement_n not_o a_o change_n of_o faith_n 3._o he_o reduce_v all_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o believe_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o faith_n and_o declare_v what_o be_v the_o true_a use_n and_o the_o true_a authority_n of_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n quae_fw-la tamen_fw-la antiqua_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la patrum_fw-la consensio_fw-la non_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la divinae_fw-la legis_fw-la quaestiunculis_fw-la 39_o sed_fw-la solum_fw-la certè_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la in_o fidei_fw-la regula_fw-la magno_fw-la nobis_fw-la study_v &_o investiganda_fw-la est_fw-la &_o sequenda_fw-la quibus_fw-la tamen_fw-la patribus_fw-la hâc_fw-la lege_fw-la credendum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la quicquid_fw-la vel_fw-la omnes_fw-la vel_fw-la plures_fw-la uno_fw-la eodemque_fw-la sensu_fw-la manifestè_fw-la frequent_a perseveranter_fw-la velut_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentiente_fw-la sibi_fw-la magistrorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la accipiendo_fw-la tenendo_fw-la tradendo_fw-la firmaverint_fw-la id_fw-la pro_fw-la indubitato_fw-la certo_fw-la ratoque_fw-la habeatur_fw-la but_o yet_o this_o primitive_a consent_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n be_v not_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o and_o follow_v as_o to_o the_o lesser_a question_n of_o divine_a law_n alike_o but_o especial_o if_o not_o only_o in_o the_o rule_n of_o faith_n which_o father_n we_o may_v give_v full_a credit_n to_o on_o this_o condition_n that_o whatsoever_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o they_o do_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n manifest_o frequent_o and_o constant_o maintain_v as_o in_o a_o council_n of_o master_n agree_v together_o by_o their_o receive_n hold_v and_o deliver_v the_o same_o that_o aught_o to_o be_v esteem_v unquestionable_a certain_a and_o firm_a 4._o he_o lay_v down_o a_o method_n how_o we_o may_v dispute_v with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o error_n she_o have_v draw_v from_o antiquity_n by_o reduce_v the_o whole_a dispute_n to_o the_o scripture_n ibid._n atque_fw-la ideo_fw-la quascunque_fw-la illas_fw-la antiquiores_fw-la vel_fw-la schismatum_fw-la vel_fw-la haereseωn_fw-la profanitates_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la nos_fw-la oportet_fw-la nisi_fw-la aut_fw-la sola_fw-la si_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la scripturarum_fw-la authoritate_fw-la convincere_fw-la aut_fw-la certe_fw-la jam_fw-la antiquitus_fw-la universalibus_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la catholicorum_n conciliis_fw-la convictas_fw-la damnatasque_fw-la vitare_fw-la wherefore_o we_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o convict_v all_o ancient_a error_n of_o schism_n or_o heresy_n but_o either_o if_o need_v be_v by_o the_o sole_a authority_n of_o scripture_n or_o else_o to_o avoid_v they_o as_o already_o condemn_v by_o the_o universal_a council_n of_o catholic_n priest_n 5._o he_o excellent_o explain_v the_o use_n of_o tradition_n without_o derogate_a any_o thing_n from_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o scripture_n diximus_fw-la in_o superioribus_fw-la hanc_fw-la fuisse_fw-la semper_fw-la penult_fw-la &_o esse_fw-la hodieque_fw-la catholicorum_n consuetudinem_fw-la ut_fw-la fidem_fw-la veram_fw-la duobus_fw-la istis_fw-la mediis_fw-la adprobent_fw-la primum_fw-la divini_fw-la canonis_fw-la authoritate_fw-la deinde_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la traditione_n non_fw-la quia_fw-la canon_n solus_fw-la non_fw-la sibi_fw-la ad_fw-la universa_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la verba_fw-la divina_fw-la pro_fw-la svo_fw-la plerique_fw-la arbitratis_fw-la interpretantes_fw-la varias_fw-la opiniones_fw-la erroresque_fw-la concipiant_fw-la atque_fw-la ideo_fw-la necesse_fw-la sit_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la unam_fw-la ecclesiastici_fw-la sensus_fw-la regulam_fw-la scripturae_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la intelligentia_fw-la dirigatur_fw-la in_fw-la iis_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la quaestionibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la totius_fw-la catholici_fw-la dogmatis_fw-la fundamenta_fw-la nituntur_fw-la we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o this_o have_v be_v and_o still_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o catholic_n to_o prove_v the_o true_a faith_n two_o way_n 1_o st_z by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o divine_a canon_n and_o 2_o dly_a by_o the_o church_n tradition_n not_o as_o if_o the_o canon_n be_v not_o of_o itself_o sufficient_a but_o because_o most_o man_n interpret_v scripture_n according_a to_o their_o own_o private_a fancy_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o various_a opinion_n and_o error_n wherefore_o it_o be_v needful_a that_o the_o understanding_n of_o holy_a scripture_n be_v regulate_v by_o one_o single_a determination_n of_o the_o church_n and_o particular_o in_o those_o question_n on_o which_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o catholic_n doctrine_n rest_n last_o he_o desire_v that_o universal_a consent_n may_v be_v take_v only_o from_o such_o a_o tradition_n as_o he_o authorize_v ibid._n item_n diximus_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la rursus_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la universitatis_fw-la pariter_fw-la ac_fw-la antiquitatis_fw-la consensionem_fw-la spectari_fw-la oportere_fw-la ne_fw-la aut_fw-la ab_fw-la unitatis_fw-la integritate_fw-la in_o partem_fw-la schismatis_fw-la abrumpamur_fw-la aut_fw-la à _fw-la vetustatis_fw-la religione_fw-la in_o haereseωn_n novitates_fw-la praecipitemur_fw-la we_o have_v say_v also_o that_o in_o the_o church_n we_o be_v to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o consent_n of_o universality_n and_o antiquity_n that_o we_o be_v not_o rend_v from_o the_o entire_a union_n into_o a_o schism_n or_o be_v cast_v headlong_o from_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_n into_o the_o novelty_n of_o heresy_n there_o needs_o little_o more_o than_o these_o maxim_n to_o secure_v a_o church_n where_o they_o be_v teach_v from_o those_o corruption_n into_o which_o the_o church_n of_o
marca_n have_v be_v force_v to_o acknowledge_v this_o be_v what_o i_o think_v may_v be_v observe_v concern_v this_o gothick_n liturgy_n which_o be_v use_v among_o the_o visigoths_a and_o which_o mention_n no_o saint_n of_o late_a stand_n than_o st._n leodegarius_fw-la who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 677._o now_o because_o pope_n adrian_n the_o first_o engage_v charlemagne_n to_o abolish_v the_o galliean_a liturgy_n which_o be_v very_o different_a from_o the_o roman_a endeavour_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o subject_a the_o gallican_n church_n to_o himself_o under_o the_o plausible_a pretence_n of_o make_v they_o more_o uniform_a with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n gregory_n vii_o the_o undertake_v to_o suppress_v the_o gothick_n liturgy_n which_o be_v not_o less_o but_o rather_o more_o different_a because_o the_o pope_n after_o adrian_n i._o have_v make_v great_a change_n in_o the_o roman_a liturgy_n and_o have_v enrich_v it_o with_o many_o novelty_n which_o the_o age_n after_o gregory_n the_o first_o have_v produce_v in_o religion_n however_o it_o be_v thus_o much_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o chapter_n that_o in_o the_o vii_o the_o century_n in_o which_o this_o liturgy_n be_v in_o use_n in_o these_o diocese_n there_o be_v nothing_o less_o know_v than_o the_o romish_a religion_n as_o it_o concern_v those_o article_n which_o the_o protestant_n reject_v as_o novelty_n but_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o state_n of_o these_o diocese_n in_o the_o 8_o the_o century_n chap._n viii_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o aquitain_n and_o narbon_n in_o the_o eight_o century_n there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o gaul_n so_o shake_v and_o lay_v waste_n by_o the_o war_n as_o aquitain_n and_o gallia_n narbonensis_n be_v in_o the_o 8_o the_o century_n though_o all_o france_n suffer_v in_o some_o measure_n yet_o these_o two_o province_n be_v during_o a_o long_a series_n of_o year_n the_o theatre_n of_o war_n and_o calamity_n however_o we_o may_v say_v that_o these_o mishap_n serve_v only_o to_o awaken_v the_o zeal_n of_o these_o people_n and_o to_o make_v they_o the_o more_o sensible_a of_o the_o aversion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v to_o the_o idolatry_n which_o reign_v in_o the_o east_n and_o which_o it_o seem_v god_n be_v willing_a to_o punish_v with_o the_o scourge_n of_o the_o saracen_n the_o great_a enemy_n of_o image_n and_o idolatry_n for_o not_o only_o do_v the_o bishop_n of_o these_o diocese_n preserve_v their_o purity_n in_o the_o faith_n which_o they_o make_v appear_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o century_n by_o their_o oppose_v the_o opinion_n of_o felix_n bishop_n of_o vrgel_n and_o of_o elippandus_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o revive_v nestorianism_n but_o they_o also_o give_v a_o public_a testimony_n of_o their_o aversion_n to_o the_o worship_v of_o image_n which_o the_o pope_n assert_v in_o conjunction_n with_o those_o of_o the_o east_n the_o judgement_n of_o these_o diocese_n concern_v image_n appear_v in_o public_a when_o their_o deputy_n assist_v at_o the_o council_n of_o francfort_n which_o condemn_v the_o 2_o d_o council_n of_o nice_a notwithstanding_o that_o it_o have_v be_v approve_v by_o the_o pope_n the_o 2_o d_o council_z of_o nice_a have_v in_o the_o year_n 787_o ordain_v the_o adoration_n of_o image_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o be_v anathematise_v the_o east_n be_v entire_o overrun_v with_o this_o superstition_n and_o what_o we_o have_v already_o see_v of_o serenus_n bishop_n of_o marseille_n make_v it_o evident_a that_o it_o have_v likewise_o make_v great_a progress_n in_o the_o west_n charlemagne_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o western_a church_n if_o we_o except_o rome_n and_o some_o partisan_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o italy_n be_v desirous_a to_o stop_v this_o torrent_n england_n condemn_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n and_o censure_v they_o by_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o famous_a alcuin_n his_o write_n be_v subscribe_v by_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o send_v to_o charlemagne_n this_o great_a emperor_n thereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 794_o assemble_v at_o francfort_n a_o council_n of_o the_o bishop_n under_o his_o government_n that_o be_v those_o of_o italy_n aquitain_n and_o provence_n as_o well_o to_o condemn_v elipandus_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o felix_n bishop_n of_o vrgel_n as_o to_o make_v a_o enquiry_n into_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 2_o d_o council_n of_o nice_a they_o be_v examine_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n and_o this_o council_n find_v that_o the_o 2_o d_o council_n of_o nice_a have_v anathematise_v all_o those_o who_o refuse_v to_o render_v to_o the_o image_n of_o the_o saint_n the_o worship_n and_o adoration_n which_o be_v only_o due_a to_o the_o trinity_n she_o deny_v the_o service_n and_o adoration_n of_o image_n despise_v the_o nicene_n act_n and_o condemn_v those_o who_o receive_v they_o now_o that_o we_o may_v exact_o know_v the_o opinion_n which_o obtain_v in_o these_o diocese_n who_o bishop_n approve_v the_o book_n of_o charlemagne_n the_o reader_n needs_o only_o consider_v careful_o the_o position_n of_o charlemagne_n against_o several_a opinion_n which_o have_v since_o prevail_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 1._o in_o his_o preface_n he_o express_o reject_v tradition_n when_o he_o say_v that_o as_o for_o themselves_o they_o be_v content_a with_o prophetical_a evangelical_n and_o apostolic_a write_n 84._o 2._o he_o maintain_v that_o we_o be_v principal_o to_o believe_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o hebrew_n original_a hebraeae_fw-la veritati_fw-la potissimum_fw-la fides_fw-la adhibenda_fw-la est_fw-la thus_o he_o express_v himself_o by_o way_n of_o opposition_n to_o translation_n and_o the_o vulgar_a latin_a in_o particular_a 3._o he_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o rule_n that_o god_n alone_o be_v the_o lawful_a object_n of_o religious_a worship_n 32._o it_o be_v no_o small_a error_n to_o serve_v any_o thing_n with_o religious_a worship_n beside_o he_o who_o say_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v and_o he_o repeat_v this_o afterward_o neither_o do_v we_o read_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v beside_o god_n 184._o because_o it_o be_v write_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v 4._o will_v we_o know_v his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o worship_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v give_v to_o angel_n and_o saint_n we_o may_v find_v it_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 9_o p._n 69._o moreover_o say_v he_o for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o see_v that_o john_n in_o the_o revelation_n be_v restrain_v by_o the_o angel_n from_o worship_v he_o and_o that_o peter_n the_o pastor_n of_o the_o church_n forbid_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o centurion_n and_o that_o the_o choose_a vessel_n together_o with_o barnabas_n with_o a_o strong_a opposition_n reject_v the_o adoration_n of_o the_o lycaonian_o we_o be_v without_o doubt_n to_o conclude_v from_o these_o example_n that_o adoration_n which_o only_o belong_v to_o god_n who_o alone_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o alone_o to_o be_v serve_v be_v not_o to_o be_v render_v to_o any_o creature_n whatsoever_o except_o only_o by_o way_n of_o salutation_n 227._o to_o express_v our_o humility_n so_o afterward_o the_o gospel-rule_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n which_o be_v sometime_o recommend_v to_o we_o in_o the_o word_n of_o our_o lord_n himself_o and_o sometime_o by_o example_n sometime_o be_v represent_v to_o we_o by_o oracle_n either_o more_o obscure_a or_o more_o plain_a and_o open_a sometime_o be_v teach_v in_o plain_a and_o othertime_n in_o figurative_a expression_n reject_v the_o adoration_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o save_v only_o the_o adoration_n whereby_o we_o mutual_o salute_v one_o another_o enjoin_v the_o adoration_n of_o god_n alone_o 228_o and_o again_o neither_o man_n nor_o angel_n be_v in_o the_o least_o to_o be_v adore_v save_v only_o by_o that_o adoration_n which_o be_v give_v to_o express_v our_o charity_n and_o as_o a_o salutation_n 5._o he_o distinguish_v very_o well_o between_o the_o honour_n we_o give_v to_o saint_n and_o that_o which_o we_o render_v to_o god_n when_o he_o say_v god_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v 218._o god_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v adore_v god_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v glorify_v of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o prophet_n the_o name_n of_o he_o alone_o be_v exalt_v and_o to_o the_o saint_n who_o have_v triumph_v over_o the_o devil_n do_v reign_n with_o he_o veneration_n be_v to_o be_v render_v either_o because_o they_o have_v fight_v courageous_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n or_o because_o they_o be_v know_v to_o assist_v it_o with_o their_o continual_a patronage_n and_o intercession_n so_o likewise_o 23._o we_o venerate_v the_o saint_n who_o be_v
be_v give_v for_o you_o and_o this_o be_v my_o blood_n which_o shall_v be_v shed_v for_o many_o for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n but_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o charlemagne_n understand_v by_o the_o word_n image_n a_o prototype_n like_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o law_n with_o respect_n to_o which_o it_o be_v true_a what_o many_o of_o the_o father_n have_v say_v that_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n be_v the_o body_n and_o the_o truth_n though_o otherwise_o consider_v as_o sacrament_n they_o be_v sacred_a sign_n which_o can_v be_v confound_v with_o the_o thing_n signify_v by_o they_o without_o renounce_v the_o light_n of_o common_a sense_n moreover_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o charlemagne_n never_o say_v that_o the_o eucharist_n be_v proper_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n if_o he_o deny_v jesus_n christ_n to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o eucharist_n this_o be_v the_o image_n of_o my_o body_n take_v the_o word_n as_o a_o prototype_n and_o a_o shadow_n of_o 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indeed_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v draw_v up_o a_o impeachment_n against_o these_o worshipper_n of_o image_n upon_o this_o article_n and_o a_o very_a important_a one_o too_o because_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o the_o greek_a worshipper_n of_o image_n do_v not_o adore_v the_o eucharist_n but_o give_v only_o a_o simple_a veneration_n to_o it_o like_v to_o that_o which_o they_o bestow_v upon_o the_o cross_n the_o altar_n and_o the_o gospel_n as_o one_o of_o their_o author_n tell_v we_o in_o a_o book_n which_o they_o call_v a_o invective_n of_o the_o orthodox_n against_o the_o opposer_n of_o image_n 309._o print_v at_o the_o lovure_n in_o 1685._o in_o the_o collection_n of_o author_n who_o have_v write_v since_o theophanes_n chap._n ix_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o aquitain_n and_o narbon_n in_o the_o nine_o century_n charlemain_n that_o great_a man_n who_o live_v till_o the_o year_n 814._o maintain_v the_o spirit_n of_o opposition_n against_o the_o error_n and_o superstition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o espouse_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o image-worshipper_n by_o approve_v the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a this_o council_n have_v establish_v the_o authority_n of_o tradition_n as_o be_v a_o necessary_a principle_n to_o support_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n we_o find_v that_o the_o church_n of_o aquitain_n and_o narbon_n keep_v themselves_o firm_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n ground_v their_o faith_n thereon_o and_o regulate_v their_o worship_n according_a to_o the_o same_o of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o illustrious_a example_n in_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n assemble_v in_o the_o year_n 813_o by_o the_o order_n of_o charlemagne_n whereat_o the_o archbishop_n of_o narbon_n assist_v with_o his_o suffragans_fw-la for_o the_o father_n of_o this_o council_n think_v fit_a to_o begin_v it_o with_o a_o profession_n of_o their_o faith_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o extract_v of_o that_o creed_n which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o athanasius_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o they_o ordain_v shall_v be_v preach_v to_o the_o people_n for_o the_o catholic_n faith_n without_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v one_o word_n of_o those_o article_n of_o faith_n that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n now_o impose_v charlemagne_n have_v order_v a_o collection_n of_o homily_n to_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o work_n of_o origen_n st._n ambrose_n st._n chrysostom_n st._n jerom_n st._n augustin_n st._n leo_n st._n maximus_n st._n gregory_n and_o bede_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v publish_v in_o these_o diocese_n as_o well_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o empire_n now_o these_o homily_n do_v so_o strong_o oppose_v the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o novelty_n which_o be_v then_o endeavour_v to_o be_v introduce_v that_o this_o book_n for_o a_o long_a time_n serve_v as_o a_o bar_n to_o hinder_v people_n from_o lean_v too_o much_o towards_o those_o thing_n that_o incline_v man_n to_o superstition_n there_o be_v no_o protestant_n in_o the_o least_o verse_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o controversy_n who_o see_v the_o name_n of_o those_o ancient_a doctor_n comprise_v in_o this_o collection_n will_v not_o remember_v how_o much_o these_o father_n have_v oppose_v themselves_o to_o a_o multitude_n of_o corruption_n which_o prevail_v at_o last_o by_o the_o factious_a endeavour_n of_o some_o of_o the_o latter_a pope_n wherefore_o i_o may_v excuse_v myself_o from_o make_v a_o extract_n of_o this_o collection_n choose_v rather_o to_o produce_v other_o witness_n which_o the_o same_o diocese_n afford_v we_o concern_v the_o faith_n of_o these_o diocese_n in_o the_o nine_o century_n i_o can_v only_o produce_v three_o or_o four_o but_o to_o recompense_v the_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n they_o be_v man_n against_o who_o authority_n the_o most_o contentious_a adversary_n will_v have_v nothing_o to_o oppose_v in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o aquitain_n and_o narbon_n have_v set_v themselves_o against_o the_o superstition_n and_o idolatry_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o image_n at_o the_o council_n of_o francfort_n so_o their_o successor_n imitate_v their_o zeal_n and_o vigour_n in_o the_o synod_n at_o paris_n in_o 824_o upon_o the_o same_o question_n where_o they_o determine_v that_o pope_n adrian_n who_o have_v write_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o book_n of_o charlemagne_n and_o therein_o undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a have_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o say_a reply_n superstitious_a testimony_n and_o not_o at_o all_o to_o the_o purpose_n answer_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o not_o what_o be_v agreeable_a and_o beside_o they_o draw_v up_o a_o new_a collection_n of_o great_a number_n of_o argument_n against_o this_o superstitious_a worship_n to_o recall_v pope_n paschal_n and_o those_o of_o his_o party_n from_o their_o dote_n on_o image_n we_o can_v show_v further_o that_o the_o same_o zeal_n 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be_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o antichrist_n what_o i_o say_v now_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v because_o in_o the_o year_n 1516_o december_n the_o 19_o the_o in_o the_o 11_o the_o session_n of_o the_o lateran_n council_n under_o leo_n x_o in_o who_o time_n luther_n begin_v to_o preach_v we_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o prohibition_n against_o handle_v the_o question_n of_o antichrist_n in_o the_o pulpit_n though_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o advance_v some_o new_a revelation_n concern_v it_o without_o have_v obtain_v leave_v from_o the_o holy_a see_v or_o from_o the_o bishop_n the_o word_n of_o the_o canon_n which_o oblige_v all_o those_o who_o shall_v ever_o undertake_v to_o preach_v on_o this_o subject_a be_v these_o and_o we_o command_v all_o who_o bear_v this_o charge_n or_o who_o shall_v bear_v it_o for_o the_o future_a that_o they_o preach_v and_o explain_v the_o evangelical_n truth_n and_o the_o holy_a scripture_n according_a to_o the_o exposition_n and_o 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who_o take_v along_o with_o he_o three_o or_o four_o learned_a and_o grave_a man_n and_o diligent_o examine_v the_o matter_n with_o they_o if_o they_o see_v it_o expedient_a which_o we_o charge_v upon_o their_o conscience_n they_o may_v grant_v they_o liberty_n but_o whosoever_o presume_v to_o commit_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o premise_n shall_v incur_v excommunication_n from_o the_o which_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v absolve_v but_o by_o the_o pope_n himself_o that_o so_o by_o their_o example_n other_o may_v be_v deter_v from_o presume_v to_o do_v any_o such_o thing_n for_o which_o reason_n we_o decree_v that_o they_o be_v for_o ever_o make_v incapable_a of_o the_o office_n of_o preach_v any_o privilege_n whatsoever_o to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o etc._n etc._n it_o be_v not_o our_o business_n to_o examine_v the_o question_n whether_o the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n have_v exact_o follow_v the_o rule_n that_o this_o canon_n prescribe_v in_o his_o explication_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o especial_o about_o the_o matter_n of_o antichrist_n though_o they_o be_v rule_n by_o which_o bishop_n be_v no_o less_o bind_v than_o the_o mean_a divine_n it_o may_v be_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n find_v the_o bishop_n new_a system_n so_o much_o for_o her_o interest_n that_o it_o incline_v she_o to_o suspend_v the_o severity_n of_o her_o canon_n in_o favour_n of_o a_o person_n who_o have_v so_o dexterous_o pluck_v a_o thorn_n out_o of_o her_o foot_n which_o have_v trouble_v she_o so_o long_o and_o which_o have_v always_o cause_v new_a pain_n to_o she_o as_o oft_o as_o any_o of_o her_o doctor_n have_v endeavour_v to_o pluck_v it_o out_o but_o i_o fear_v i_o have_v insist_v too_o long_o upon_o so_o vain_a a_o conjecture_n and_o which_o scarce_o deserve_v to_o be_v confute_v there_o be_v able_a man_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o refute_v the_o conjecture_n of_o some_o papist_n who_o will_v needs_o have_v mahomet_n to_o be_v the_o antichrist_n this_o be_v the_o chimaera_n of_o annius_n of_o viterbo_n a_o monk_n famous_a for_o his_o imposture_n this_o likewise_o be_v the_o whimsy_n of_o fevardentius_n and_o some_o other_o who_o pererius_n the_o jesuit_n have_v refute_v so_o solid_o as_o that_o he_o have_v put_v the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n to_o the_o trouble_n of_o invent_v a_o new_a system_fw-la to_o oppose_v the_o protestant_n i_o hope_v his_o system_n will_v meet_v with_o the_o same_o destiny_n among_o his_o own_o party_n that_o so_o the_o protestant_n may_v not_o be_v put_v to_o the_o trouble_n of_o give_v it_o a_o formal_a confutation_n for_o indeed_o though_o the_o politic_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v bear_v with_o several_a opinion_n that_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a hypothesis_n of_o their_o society_n yet_o the_o divine_n of_o that_o party_n be_v not_o patient_a enough_o to_o dissemble_v the_o dislike_n they_o have_v to_o see_v their_o old_a opinion_n which_o have_v be_v maintain_v for_o 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have_v thus_o justify_v the_o albigenses_n as_o to_o their_o doctrine_n and_o worship_n it_o be_v time_n now_o to_o proceed_v to_o show_v the_o regularity_n of_o their_o discipline_n by_o represent_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o church-government_n and_o conduct_v of_o those_o church_n in_o matter_n that_o relate_v to_o their_o manner_n this_o will_v not_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o any_o difficulty_n for_o it_o be_v easy_o conceive_v that_o these_o diocese_n be_v store_v with_o people_n who_o maintain_v the_o doctrine_n of_o berengarius_fw-la as_o the_o abbot_n of_o tron_n tell_v we_o they_o have_v a_o great_a party_n of_o the_o clergy_n at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o i_o do_v not_o say_v this_o without_o good_a ground_n for_o 1_o sy_n we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o council_n hold_v against_o berengarius_fw-la there_o be_v very_o great_a contest_v about_o this_o matter_n and_o that_o the_o opposite_a party_n carry_v their_o point_n only_o by_o downright_a violence_n 2_o dly_z that_o 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again_o subdivide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o and_o second_o as_o may_v be_v see_v since_o the_o four_o century_n it_o be_v needful_a at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o give_v the_o reader_n this_o short_a draught_n of_o the_o country_n that_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o gallia_n to_o give_v he_o a_o idea_n of_o that_o part_n of_o they_o where_o we_o intend_v to_o show_v he_o the_o continuation_n of_o that_o church_n which_o give_v birth_n to_o the_o albigenses_n and_o furnish_v the_o west_n with_o witness_n of_o so_o great_a weight_n against_o the_o corruption_n of_o the_o romish_a party_n and_o indeed_o though_o the_o visigothe_n who_o cut_v off_o these_o province_n from_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o afterward_o the_o french_a who_o destroy_v the_o visigothe_n in_o the_o time_n of_o clovis_n make_v very_o great_a change_n in_o this_o division_n of_o gallia_n narbonensis_n and_o aquitain_n yet_o we_o may_v exact_o observe_v that_o the_o church_n of_o these_o province_n have_v well_o nigh_o always_o make_v a_o distinct_a body_n by_o her_o synod_n and_o canon_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n precise_o to_o fix_v the_o first_o rise_v of_o these_o church_n i_o own_o that_o some_o greek_a father_n have_v believe_v that_o st._n luke_n and_o crescens_n disciple_n of_o st._n paul_n do_v preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o gallia_n but_o that_o which_o engage_v they_o in_o this_o opinion_n seem_v of_o little_a or_o no_o solidity_n and_o the_o galatia_n mention_v by_o st._n paul_n in_o the_o second_o of_o timothy_n do_v not_o signify_v gallia_n but_o a_o province_n of_o the_o lesser_a asia_n as_o the_o learned_a petavius_n acknowledge_v other_o have_v believe_v that_o st._n paul_n himself_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o these_o province_n as_o he_o pass_v through_o they_o in_o his_o way_n to_o spain_n where_o the_o four_o century_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o he_o preach_v the_o gospel_n but_o neither_o do_v this_o seem_v ground_v upon_o sufficient_a authority_n and_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o ancient_a author_n of_o these_o country_n do_v ever_o maintain_v any_o such_o thing_n shall_v we_o indeed_o as_o to_o this_o point_n give_v credit_n to_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o romish_a legend_n to_o which_o baronius_n in_o his_o annal_n pay_v too_o great_a a_o deference_n it_o will_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o give_v to_o the_o most_o part_n of_o these_o church_n a_o most_o augu_v original_a we_o may_v suppose_v that_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o they_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o their_o disciple_n or_o that_o clement_a bishop_n of_o rome_n send_v they_o thither_o almost_o immediate_o after_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o the_o apostle_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n they_o tell_v we_o that_o paul_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o narbon_n saturninus_n of_o tholouse_n martialis_n of_o lymoges_n frontinus_n of_o perigueux_n vincentius_n of_o daeq_n georgius_n of_o puy_n eutropius_n of_o xainte_n much_o like_o as_o for_o some_o age_n since_o in_o most_o of_o the_o other_o church_n of_o france_n they_o suppose_v that_o the_o first_o bishop_n be_v send_v they_o by_o the_o same_o apostle_n or_o by_o their_o first_o successor_n but_o we_o meet_v with_o nothing_o but_o falsity_n in_o these_o pretend_a tradition_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reconcile_v they_o with_o what_o sulpicius_n severus_n and_o gregorius_n turonensis_n tell_v we_o concern_v the_o rise_n of_o christian_a religion_n among_o the_o gaul_n the_o former_a of_o these_o distinct_o assure_v we_o that_o gaul_n never_o have_v any_o martyr_n before_o the_o empire_n of_o aurelius_n son_n of_o antoninus_n hist_o lib._n 2._o sub_fw-la aurelio_n antonini_n filio_fw-la persecutio_fw-la quinta_fw-la agitata_fw-la ac_fw-la tunc_fw-la primum_fw-la inter_fw-la gallias_n martyria_fw-la visa_fw-la serius_fw-la trans_fw-la alps_n dei_fw-la religione_fw-la suscepta_fw-la the_o five_o persecution_n be_v carry_v on_o under_o antonine_n son_n and_o then_o first_o be_v martyrdom_n see_v among_o the_o gaul_n the_o divine_a religion_n have_v be_v late_a entertain_v beyond_o the_o alps._n this_o single_a period_n of_o severus_n give_v sentence_n against_o all_o those_o pretend_a martyr_n wherewith_o the_o church_n of_o france_n have_v fill_v their_o breviaries_n the_o latter_a tell_v we_o plain_o that_o it_o be_v not_o till_o the_o empire_n of_o decius_n about_o the_o year_n 250_o that_o the_o city_n of_o tholouse_n have_v for_o her_o first_o bishop_n saturninus_n who_o be_v send_v from_o rome_n in_o company_n of_o six_o other_o into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o gaul_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o wit_n gatian_n at_o tours_n trophimus_n at_o arles_n paul_n at_o narbon_n dionysius_n at_o paris_n austremoine_n at_o clermont_n and_o martialis_n at_o lymoges_n this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v clear_o prove_v from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o st._n saturninus_n cite_v by_o gregory_n bishop_n of_o tours_n these_o testimony_n of_o two_o ancient_a author_n the_o one_o of_o the_o 5_o the_o century_n and_o the_o other_o more_o ancient_a viz._n the_o same_o who_o write_v the_o martyrdom_n of_o st._n saturninus_n have_v make_v such_o a_o impression_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o learnede_a man_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n viz._n upon_o bosquet_n bishop_n of_o montpellier_n sirmond_n and_o launoy_n the_o famous_a doctor_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o paris_n as_o to_o make_v they_o with_o scorn_n reject_v those_o legend_n which_o ascribe_v more_o ancient_a founder_n to_o these_o church_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v the_o great_a ornament_n of_o the_o breviaries_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n and_o that_o they_o can_v lose_v their_o credit_n without_o shake_v the_o belief_n of_o abundance_n of_o miracle_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o devotion_n and_o indeed_o what_o reason_n be_v there_o to_o own_o a_o tradition_n for_o authentic_a which_o we_o scarce_o find_v back_v with_o any_o witness_n for_o the_o space_n of_o above_o 700_o year_n beside_o do_v we_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o dispute_n about_o precedency_n between_o the_o church_n in_o the_o 8_o the_o and_o 9_o the_o century_n and_o which_o we_o find_v last_v till_o the_o 12_o the_o that_o engage_v the_o several_a party_n to_o devise_v this_o great_a antiquity_n and_o bold_o change_v that_o which_o before_o have_v be_v the_o current_a belief_n of_o their_o church_n because_o it_o do_v not_o answer_v their_o pretension_n nor_o comport_v with_o their_o vanity_n to_o substitute_v instead_o thereof_o fabulous_a original_n under_o who_o shelter_n they_o may_v maintain_v a_o dispute_n with_o more_o advantage_n against_o those_o that_o be_v on_o even_a ground_n with_o they_o but_o however_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o fix_v the_o certain_a original_a of_o these_o church_n for_o the_o gothick_n liturgy_n which_o be_v use_v in_o these_o province_n assure_v we_o that_o st._n saturninus_n come_v from_o smyrna_n from_o whence_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lion_n and_o vienna_n come_v likewise_o yet_o thus_o much_o we_o may_v assert_v that_o the_o gospel_n soon_o take_v deep_a root_n there_o my_o design_n be_v not_o to_o refute_v here_o what_o the_o author_n of_o the_o legend_n have_v insert_v in_o their_o fabulous_a relation_n concern_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o these_o province_n and_o the_o character_n of_o the_o piety_n of_o those_o first_o founder_n of_o christianity_n of_o their_o precept_n and_o of_o their_o miracle_n indeed_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o deplore_v either_o the_o boundless_a impudence_n of_o the_o pastor_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n in_o obtrude_a such_o palpable_a falsity_n or_o the_o prodigious_a stupidity_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o church_n who_o feed_v themselves_o with_o story_n more_o fabulous_a than_o those_o of_o amadis_n of_o gaul_n and_o make_v they_o the_o subject_a of_o their_o devotion_n we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n martialis_n that_o after_o the_o saint_n have_v convert_v lymoges_n he_o there_o consecrate_a church_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o jesus_n christ_n of_o the_o h._n virgin_n and_o st._n stephen_n who_o cousin_n he_o be_v we_o read_v that_o he_o raise_v to_o life_n the_o priest_n of_o the_o idol_n who_o god_n have_v strike_v dead_a with_o a_o clap_n of_o thunder_n for_o their_o poison_n st._n martialis_n and_o that_o after_o their_o resurrection_n he_o convert_v they_o we_o find_v that_o he_o admit_v to_o the_o vow_n of_o virginity_n a_o person_n call_v valeria_n who_o some_o time_n after_o have_v have_v her_o head_n cut_v off_o by_o order_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o guienne_n who_o courtship_n she_o have_v slight_v immediate_o take_v up_o her_o head_n and_o carry_v it_o to_o st._n martialis_n as_o he_o be_v say_v mass_n we_o find_v he_o there_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o
fruit_n of_o the_o vine_n at_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o mention_n not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o word_n of_o transubstantiation_n in_o a_o place_n where_o he_o particular_o explain_v the_o institution_n of_o the_o eucharist_n can._n 30._o in_o matth._n to_o speak_v the_o truth_n how_o can_v he_o have_v any_o other_o thought_n who_o maintain_v that_o jesus_n christ_n be_v no_o long_o on_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o body_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o body_n to_o be_v in_o more_o place_n than_o one_o adest_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la fideliter_fw-la invocatur_fw-la per_fw-la naturam_fw-la svam_fw-la praesens_fw-la est_fw-la spiritus_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la omne_fw-la penetrans_fw-la &_o continens_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la secundum_fw-la nos_fw-la corporalis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la cum_fw-la alicubi_fw-la adsit_fw-la absit_fw-la aliunde_fw-la sed_fw-la virtute_fw-la praesenti_fw-la &_o se_fw-la quâcunque_fw-la est_fw-la porrigenti_fw-la cum_fw-la replente_fw-la omniae_fw-la ejus_fw-la spiritu_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la sit_fw-la tamen_fw-la ei_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o eum_fw-la credat_fw-la adsistit_fw-la for_o he_o be_v present_a by_o his_o nature_n when_o he_o be_v call_v upon_o with_o faith_n he_o be_v a_o spirit_n penetrate_v and_o contain_v all_o thing_n for_o he_o be_v not_o like_o we_o corporeal_a so_o as_o that_o when_o he_o be_v in_o one_o place_n he_o shall_v be_v absent_a from_o another_o but_o he_o be_v in_o all_o place_n by_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o power_n which_o extend_v itself_o wherever_o he_o be_v and_o his_o spirit_n that_o fill_v all_o thing_n yet_o he_o be_v in_o a_o more_o peculiar_a manner_n with_o he_o that_o believe_v in_o he_o 21._o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o approve_v the_o romish_a inquisition_n that_o he_o call_v the_o emperor_n constantius_n antichrist_n for_o persecute_v those_o that_o be_v not_o of_o his_o opinion_n lib._n in_o constant_a august_n yea_o he_o judge_v all_o force_n to_o be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n that_o he_o maintain_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o religion_n where_o force_n be_v make_v use_n of_o last_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o believe_v that_o the_o antichrist_n whereof_o st._n john_n speak_v be_v already_o come_v that_o he_o maintain_v that_o he_o will_v be_v reveal_v in_o the_o church_n that_o be_v then_o possess_v by_o the_o arian_n and_o that_o the_o faith_n be_v thus_o attack_v the_o true_a believer_n will_v be_v force_v to_o look_v out_o for_o shelter_n among_o the_o mountain_n in_o wood_n and_o cave_n leave_v the_o antichrist_n master_n of_o the_o public_a place_n consecrate_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o what_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o write_n of_o st._n hilary_n i_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o some_o error_n of_o this_o great_a man_n because_o claudianus_n mamertus_n have_v confute_v they_o about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o five_o century_n have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v only_o some_o particular_a opinion_n of_o this_o great_a confessor_n and_o that_o we_o can_v look_v upon_o they_o as_o the_o common_a faith_n of_o the_o diocese_n where_o he_o be_v settle_v but_o the_o same_o can_v be_v say_v of_o the_o article_n i_o have_v note_v claudianus_n be_v so_o far_o from_o blame_v they_o that_o he_o approve_v they_o by_o his_o silence_n and_o show_v that_o his_o doctrine_n in_o this_o respect_n be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o gaul_n we_o have_v nothing_o leave_v we_o of_o the_o work_n of_o rhodanius_fw-la bishop_n of_o tholouse_n who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o st._n hilary_n but_o it_o appear_v clear_a to_o we_o that_o this_o holy_a confessor_n have_v be_v send_v into_o banishment_n with_o st._n hilary_n after_o the_o council_n of_o bezier_n by_o the_o cabal_n of_o saturninus_n bishop_n of_o arles_n favourer_n of_o the_o arian_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v rhodanius_fw-la as_o a_o defender_n of_o the_o same_o faith_n and_o a_o illustrious_a witness_n of_o the_o belief_n of_o his_o diocese_n and_o we_o ought_v to_o make_v the_o same_o judgement_n of_o phaebadius_n bishop_n of_o again_o who_o be_v so_o much_o engage_v in_o the_o same_o quarrel_n and_o who_o acquire_v so_o great_a a_o name_n by_o the_o vigorous_a opposition_n he_o make_v against_o the_o error_n of_o arius_n but_o providence_n have_v preserve_v we_o none_o of_o his_o work_n in_o effect_n this_o great_a man_n who_o write_v in_o the_o year_n 357._o as_o appear_v by_o his_o book_n against_o the_o arian_n give_v we_o sufficient_o to_o understand_v what_o his_o faith_n be_v in_o divers_a article_n and_o what_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o diocese_n 1._o he_o maintain_v that_o the_o catholic_n faith_n be_v find_v with_o those_o who_o speak_v according_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o not_o among_o those_o who_o only_o make_v use_v of_o prejudices_fw-la after_o have_v quote_v several_a place_n of_o scripture_n to_o prove_v against_o the_o arian_n the_o eternity_n of_o the_o son_n he_o conclude_v in_o this_o manner_n b._n patr._n t._n 4._o p._n 174._o volentes_fw-la igitur_fw-la à _fw-la patre_fw-la filium_fw-la scindere_fw-la &_o infra_fw-la deum_fw-la ponere_fw-la de_fw-fr evangelio_n praescribunt_fw-la those_o therefore_o who_o will_v rend_v the_o father_n from_o the_o son_n and_o place_v he_o below_o god_n give_v law_n to_o the_o gospel_n he_o express_v himself_o yet_o more_o strong_o to_o this_o purpose_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n ib._n p._n 180._o hoc_fw-la credimus_fw-la hoc_fw-la tenemus_fw-la quia_fw-la hoc_fw-la accepimus_fw-la à _fw-la prophetis_fw-la hoc_fw-la nobis_fw-la evangelia_n locuta_fw-la sunt_fw-la hoc_fw-la apostoli_fw-la tradiderunt_fw-la hoc_fw-la martyr_n in_o passione_n confessi_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_fw-la hoc_fw-la mentibus_fw-la fidei_fw-la etiam_fw-la haeremus_fw-la contra_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la angelus_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la annuntiaverit_fw-la anathema_n sit_v ergo_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la diximus_fw-la praejudicatae_fw-la opinionis_fw-la authoritas_fw-la nihil_fw-la valebit_fw-la quia_fw-la contra_fw-la semetipsam_fw-la ipsa_fw-la consistit_fw-la this_o we_o believe_v this_o we_o hold_v fast_o because_o it_o be_v this_o we_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o prophet_n this_o the_o gospel_n have_v declare_v to_o we_o this_o the_o apostle_n have_v leave_v we_o this_o the_o martyr_n in_o their_o suffering_n have_v confess_v and_o to_o this_o we_o adhere_v with_o our_o mind_n by_o faith_n so_o that_o if_o a_o angel_n from_o heaven_n shall_v preach_v contrary_a to_o this_o let_v he_o be_v accurse_v wherefore_o as_o be_v say_v before_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o prejudicate_a opinion_n can_v be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o it_o stand_v against_o itself_o 2._o he_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o name_n of_o catholic_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o be_v a_o true_a christian_a when_o he_o represent_v that_o arianism_n have_v so_o far_o seize_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o the_o world_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o espouse_v the_o arian_n heresy_n to_o procure_v the_o name_n of_o be_v catholic_n ib._n p._n 169._o sed_fw-la quia_fw-la aut_fw-la haeresis_fw-la suscipienda_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la catholici_fw-la dicamur_fw-la aut_fw-la verè_fw-la catholici_fw-la non_fw-la futuri_fw-la si_fw-la haeresin_fw-la non_fw-la repudiamus_fw-la ad_fw-la hanc_fw-la tractatûs_fw-la conditionem_fw-la necessitate_v descendimus_fw-la but_o because_o we_o be_v either_o to_o become_v heretic_n that_o we_o may_v be_v call_v catholic_n or_o cease_v to_o be_v catholic_n indeed_o by_o become_a heretic_n we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o write_v this_o treatise_n 3._o he_o assert_n that_o the_o revelation_n of_o holy_a scripture_n be_v so_o perfect_a with_o respect_n to_o the_o divinity_n of_o our_o saviour_n that_o anathemas_n be_v to_o be_v pronounce_v against_o all_o those_o that_o advance_v any_o other_o doctrine_n this_o appear_v from_o the_o great_a number_n of_o passage_n which_o he_o quote_v from_o thence_o p._n 173_o &_o 178._o to_o which_o he_o join_v the_o anathema_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v before_o 4._o he_o observe_v express_o that_o the_o same_o honour_n render_v to_o jesus_n christ_n in_o the_o liturgy_n as_o to_o god_n do_v demonstrate_v his_o equality_n with_o god_n p._n 174._o quod_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la say_v he_o quotidie_fw-la blasphemamus_fw-la in_o gratiarum_fw-la actionibus_fw-la &_o oblationibus_fw-la sacrificiorum_fw-la communia_fw-la haec_fw-la patri_fw-la &_o filio_fw-la confitentes_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o it_o be_v so_o we_o blaspheme_v daily_o in_o our_o thanksgiving_n and_o offering_n of_o sacrifice_n in_o confess_v these_o thing_n common_a to_o father_n and_o son_n thus_o do_v he_o implicit_o overthrow_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n viz._n the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n the_o authority_n and_o necessity_n of_o tradition_n which_o be_v the_o complete_n of_o it_o and_o other_o such_o like_a doctrine_n we_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o examine_v what_o the_o state_n of_o these_o diocese_n be_v in_o the_o follow_a century_n
two_o thing_n very_o clear_o 1_o sy_n that_o at_o that_o time_n they_o keep_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o eucharist_n in_o a_o casket_n or_o coffer_n so_o far_o be_v they_o from_o make_v it_o a_o object_n of_o their_o adoration_n 2_o d_o that_o the_o mingle_v only_o of_o the_o bread_n that_o be_v consecrate_v before_o with_o the_o wine_n that_o be_v not_o consecrate_v make_v they_o look_v upon_o the_o wine_n though_o not_o consecrate_v by_o the_o word_n of_o jesus_n christ_n as_o the_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n which_o be_v the_o most_o extravagant_a and_o senseless_a notion_n in_o the_o world_n if_o we_o suppose_v that_o these_o father_n be_v season_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n which_o attribute_n to_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n only_o the_o virtue_n of_o change_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n allatius_n take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n to_o avoid_v this_o argument_n which_o show_v that_o the_o greek_a church_n that_o believe_v the_o same_o can_v be_v of_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o thing_n be_v certain_a 139._o and_o mabillon_n have_v ingenuous_o acknowledge_v that_o this_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o that_o canon_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v many_o proof_n that_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o both_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a father_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n salonius_n one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a bishop_n of_o gallia_n narbonensis_n own_v no_o other_o doctrine_n but_o that_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new-testament_n drink_v water_n out_o of_o thy_o own_o cistern_n 134._o and_o run_v water_n out_o of_o thy_o own_o well_o s._n by_o cistern_n he_o mean_v the_o catholic_n doctrine_n that_o be_v that_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new-testament_n and_o by_o the_o well_o he_o understand_v the_o depth_n and_o height_n of_o the_o same_o catholic_n doctrine_n that_o be_v the_o various_a meaning_n of_o holy_a scripture_n for_o in_o these_o word_n he_o teach_v we_o to_o beware_v of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o heretic_n and_o to_o attend_v to_o the_o read_n of_o holy_a scripture_n he_o will_v have_v the_o author_n be_v mean_v and_o not_o tradition_n to_o be_v the_o explication_n of_o scripture_n 141._o do_v not_o remove_v the_o ancient_a landmark_n or_o bound_n which_o thy_o father_n have_v set_v s._n by_o the_o ancient_a bound_n he_o understand_v the_o bound_n of_o truth_n and_o faith_n which_o catholic_n doctor_n have_v place_v from_o the_o beginning_n he_o will_v have_v no_o man_n therefore_o receive_v the_o truth_n of_o holy_a faith_n and_o gospel-doctrine_n any_o otherwise_o than_o it_o have_v be_v hand_v down_o to_o they_o by_o the_o holy_a father_n and_o likewise_o command_v that_o no_o man_n interpret_v the_o word_n of_o holy_a scripture_n otherwise_o than_o according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o each_o writer_n he_o do_v not_o own_o the_o apocrypha_fw-la how_o many_o book_n do_v solomon_n publish_v 147._o s._n three_o only_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o their_o title_n proverb_n ecclesiaste_n and_o canticle_n v._o what_o do_v solomon_n say_v in_o the_o proverb_n or_o what_o do_v he_o teach_v in_o ecclesiaste_n and_o his_o song_n 157._o he_o assign_v but_o two_o place_n whither_o the_o soul_n go_v immediate_o for_o by_o the_o tree_n man_n be_v understand_v because_o every_o man_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o tree_n in_o the_o wood_n of_o mankind_n by_o the_o south_n which_o be_v a_o warm_a wind_n be_v signify_v the_o rest_n of_o paradise_n and_o by_o the_o north_n which_o be_v cold_a be_v signify_v the_o pain_n of_o hell_n and_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o be_v wheresoever_o man_n prepare_v a_o place_n for_o his_o future_a abode_n if_o to_o the_o south_n when_o he_o fall_v that_o be_v dies_z he_o shall_v abide_v to_o all_o eternity_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o paradise_n and_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n he_o make_v it_o the_o great_a absurdity_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v eat_v his_o own_o flesh_n which_o yet_o follow_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n 153._o but_o that_o expression_n he_o eat_v his_o own_o flesh_n be_v speak_v by_o a_o hyperbole_n v._o what_o be_v a_o hyperbole_n s._n when_o any_o thing_n be_v express_v that_o be_v incredible_a v._o how_o be_v this_o express_v hyperbolical_o he_o eat_v his_o own_o flesh_n s._n because_o it_o be_v incredible_a that_o any_o man_n shall_v eat_v his_o own_o flesh_n but_o to_o aggravate_v the_o slothfulness_n of_o this_o fool_n he_o say_v that_o he_o eat_v his_o own_o flesh_n to_o show_v that_o a_o fool_n rather_o desire_v his_o flesh_n shall_v waste_v by_o hunger_n and_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o misery_n of_o want_n than_o to_o support_v it_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o hand_n these_o be_v all_o maxim_n concern_v divers_a important_a article_n very_o different_a from_o the_o present_a maxim_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o grant_v that_o prosper_n who_o be_v a_o native_a of_o aquitain_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o layman_n but_o he_o be_v in_o so_o great_a a_o reputation_n that_o there_o be_v but_o few_o bishop_n of_o his_o time_n that_o have_v show_v more_o knowledge_n or_o express_v more_o zeal_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o truth_n 11._o than_o he_o do_v this_o testimony_n be_v give_v of_o he_o by_o cassiodorus_n photius_n and_o vasquez_n wherefore_o his_o testimony_n concern_v the_o faith_n of_o his_o country_n must_v be_v of_o great_a weight_n with_o we_o 6._o will_v we_o know_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o this_o diocese_n he_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n thereby_o mean_v the_o eucharist_n or_o the_o sacrament_n which_o be_v give_v in_o little_a bit_n and_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n expression_n that_o be_v utter_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o notion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n concern_v the_o carnal_a presence_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v plain_a in_o all_o his_o write_n that_o he_o follow_v the_o step_n of_o st._n augustin_n in_o his_o expression_n and_o judgement_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n this_o we_o may_v see_v in_o his_o extract_n of_o the_o sentence_n of_o st._n augustin_n where_o he_o repeat_v what_o that_o father_n have_v say_v upon_o psalm_n 33._o upon_o occasion_n of_o these_o word_n of_o the_o vulgar_a version_n which_o say_v that_o david_n ferebatur_fw-la in_o manibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o the_o presence_n of_o achish_n where_o it_o clear_o appear_v that_o he_o understand_v those_o word_n as_o well_o as_o st._n augustin_n do_v of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n which_o may_v be_v call_v his_o body_n in_o some_o sense_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o way_n of_o likeness_n as_o st._n augustin_n express_v himself_o concern_v it_o i_o cite_v nothing_o here_o from_o those_o other_o work_v which_o be_v attribute_v to_o he_o because_o indeed_o they_o be_v none_o of_o he_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v two_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v that_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o demetrius_n he_o plain_o show_v that_o he_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n concern_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o minister_n intention_n for_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o sacrament_n for_o there_o he_o attribute_n all_o to_o the_o work_n of_o god_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o the_o minister_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o st._n augustin_n upon_o the_o question_n of_o the_o validity_n of_o baptism_n confer_v by_o heretic_n the_o other_o be_v that_o as_o he_o follow_v st._n augustin_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o free_a grace_n as_o one_o may_v see_v in_o his_o poem_n gather_v from_o the_o opinion_n of_o st._n augustin_n and_o his_o sentence_n so_o he_o reject_v the_o doctrine_n of_o merit_n and_o work_n as_o a_o pure_a pelagian_a doctrine_n in_o several_a place_n of_o his_o write_n last_o we_o must_v join_v with_o these_o author_n arnobius_n the_o rhetorician_n since_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o he_o live_v in_o gallia_n narbonensis_n because_o he_o have_v dedicate_v some_o of_o his_o work_n to_o leontius_n bishop_n of_o arles_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o narbonne_n and_o faustus_n bishop_n of_o riez_n who_o die_v about_o the_o year_n 485._o arnobius_n explain_v his_o belief_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o eucharist_n after_o this_o manner_n we_o have_v receive_v say_v he_o upon_o the_o 4_o the_o psalm_n wheat_n in_o the_o body_n wine_n in_o the_o blood_n and_o oil_n in_o chrism_n so_o likewise_o on_o psal_n 104._o he_o say_v of_o jesus_n christ_n that_o he_o administer_v not_o only_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n but_o also_o of_o wine_n and_o oil._n thus_o it_o be_v he_o describe_v the_o eucharist_n and_o
of_o god_n which_o be_v daily_o offer_v up_o for_o our_o salvation_n and_o if_o he_o be_v a_o murderer_n that_o take_v away_o the_o bodily_a life_n from_o himself_o or_o his_o neighbour_n he_o that_o rob_v himself_o or_o another_o of_o eternal_a life_n by_o what_o name_n shall_v we_o call_v he_o we_o find_v in_o another_o letter_n which_o he_o write_v to_o wilderodâ—â—_n bishop_n of_o strasburg_n what_o work_n he_o make_v with_o those_o false_a decretal_n which_o be_v foist_v in_o on_o purpose_n to_o make_v the_o whole_a church_n submit_v to_o the_o papal_a yoke_n as_o if_o before_o syricius_n all_o the_o east_n and_o west_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o papal_a jurisdiction_n wherein_o he_o exact_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o hincmar_n who_o confute_v they_o with_o all_o his_o may_v if_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o opinion_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v receive_v the_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n in_o any_o other_o manner_n than_o all_o other_o bishop_n see_v how_o he_o explain_v himself_o in_o a_o discourse_n to_o bishop_n when_o he_o be_v bishop_n either_o of_o rheims_n or_o ravenna_n and_o as_o woe_n be_v i_o if_o i_o do_v not_o preach_v the_o gospel_n 217._o or_o if_o i_o hide_v long_o in_o my_o heart_n the_o treasure_n that_o i_o have_v receive_v bury_v it_o in_o the_o ground_n or_o if_o i_o keep_v the_o candle_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n cover_v under_o a_o bushel_n and_o do_v not_o expose_v it_o on_o a_o candlestick_n to_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o so_o likewise_o if_o i_o do_v not_o open_v the_o lock_n of_o human_a ignorance_n with_o those_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n which_o all_o of_o we_o who_o be_v priest_n have_v receive_v in_o the_o person_n of_o st._n peter_n so_o that_o upon_o this_o account_n i_o may_v deserve_v according_a to_o my_o small_a measure_n to_o hear_v that_o well_o do_v good_a and_o faithful_a servant_n because_o thou_o have_v be_v faithful_a over_o a_o few_o thing_n i_o will_v set_v thou_o over_o many_o and_o again_o 219._o for_o so_o the_o lord_n say_v to_o st._n peter_n simon_n peter_n love_v thou_o i_o and_o he_o thou_o know_v lord_n that_o i_o love_v thou_o and_o when_o he_o have_v ask_v this_o a_o three_o time_n 220._o and_o have_v be_v as_o often_o answer_v the_o lord_n repeat_v a_o three_o time_n feed_v my_o sheep_n which_o sheep_n and_o which_o flock_n st._n peter_n not_o only_o receive_v at_o that_o time_n but_o also_o have_v receive_v they_o with_o we_o and_o all_o of_o we_o have_v receive_v they_o with_o he_o he_o show_v that_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o priest_n intention_n in_o the_o sacrament_n when_o he_o say_v in_o the_o same_o piece_n speak_v to_o those_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o simony_n i_o do_v once_o more_o inquire_v of_o my_o brother_n bishop_n 233._o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v to_o have_v omit_v any_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o true_a proof_n and_o trial_n who_o be_v it_o brother_z bishop_n that_o confer_v episcopal_a grace_n be_v it_o god_n or_o man_n god_n without_o doubt_n but_o yet_o by_o man._n man_n lay_v on_o his_o hand_n and_o god_n confer_v grace_n the_o priest_n serve_v god_n with_o his_o suppliant_a hand_n and_o god_n bless_v with_o his_o powerful_a right-hand_n the_o bishop_n admit_v thou_o into_o the_o order_n but_o god_n make_v thou_o worthy_a of_o it_o o_o justice_n o_o equity_n if_o money_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n who_o in_o ordination_n do_v no_o more_o but_o discharge_v a_o piece_n of_o service_n lay_v upon_o he_o why_o be_v the_o whole_a deny_v to_o god_n who_o bestow_v the_o order_n itself_o upon_o thou_o do_v it_o seem_v just_a to_o thou_o to_o honour_v the_o servant_n whilst_o thou_o do_v affront_v the_o lord_n and_o whilst_o the_o priest_n unrighteous_o take_v money_n shall_v god_n be_v injure_v by_o man_n and_o see_v god_n expect_v nothing_o from_o thou_o for_o the_o order_n bestow_v upon_o thou_o why_o do_v the_o priest_n impudent_o look_v for_o money_n god_n be_v willing_a to_o bestow_v it_o upon_o man_n for_o nothing_o but_o the_o ravenous_a bishop_n demand_v money_n god_n of_o his_o kindness_n and_o love_n vouchsafe_v it_o for_o nought_o but_o the_o malicious_a priest_n captivate_v he_o and_o tie_v he_o to_o term_n for_o what_o have_v thou_o that_o thou_o have_v not_o receive_v and_o if_o thou_o have_v receive_v it_o why_o do_v thou_o boast_v as_o if_o thou_o have_v not_o receive_v it_o last_o we_o see_v in_o his_o 26_o the_o epistle_n the_o confession_n of_o faith_n that_o he_o make_v which_o contain_v nothing_o beside_o the_o symbol_n or_o the_o apostle_n creed_n to_o which_o he_o add_v only_o what_o follow_v i_o do_v not_o forbid_v marriage_n ...._o i_o do_v not_o condemn_v second_o marriage_n i_o do_v not_o blame_v the_o eat_n of_o flesh_n i_o own_o that_o reconcile_v penitent_n ought_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o communion_n i_o believe_v that_o in_o baptism_n all_o sin_n whether_o original_a or_o actual_a be_v forgive_v and_o do_v profess_v that_o out_o of_o the_o catholic_n church_n no_o body_n can_v be_v save_v and_o i_o confirm_v and_o ratify_v the_o four_o holy_a universal_a synod_n which_o the_o mother-church_n confirm_v and_o approve_v of_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_v that_o he_o do_v not_o speak_v one_o word_n concern_v the_o romish_a tradition_n so_o far_o be_v he_o from_o authorise_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v please_v to_o authorise_v in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n last_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o leuthericus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o sens_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1032_o have_v be_v the_o disciple_n of_o this_o gerbertus_n 45._o which_o be_v attest_v by_o the_o continuator_fw-la of_o aimoinus_n and_o clarius_n monk_n of_o st._n peter_n le_fw-fr vif_n at_o sens_n have_v accuse_v leuthericus_fw-la of_o have_v lay_v the_o beginning_n and_o cast_v the_o seed_n of_o berengarius_n heresy_n i_o do_v believe_v any_o one_o will_v think_v strange_a that_o i_o have_v quote_v gerbertus_n among_o the_o writer_n of_o aquitain_n under_o pretence_n that_o probable_o he_o may_v have_v change_v his_o opinion_n after_o that_o he_o be_v elevate_v to_o the_o papacy_n under_o the_o name_n of_o sylvester_n ii_o it_o be_v but_o too_o well_o know_v to_o be_v customary_a for_o those_o who_o use_v to_o speak_v according_a to_o their_o own_o judgement_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v educate_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v be_v elevate_v to_o the_o papal_a dignity_n to_o change_v their_o note_n of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o illustrious_a example_n in_o aeneas_n silvius_n who_o we_o find_v quite_o transform_v into_o another_o man_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o pius_n ii_o the_o papal_a diadem_n have_v change_v he_o from_o white_a to_o black_n and_o i_o be_o much_o mistake_v if_o the_o 11_o the_o century_n do_v not_o furnish_v we_o a_o example_n every_o whit_n as_o remarkable_a in_o the_o person_n of_o gregory_n the_o 7_o the_o who_o have_v be_v before_o prior_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o clugny_n the_o custom_n whereof_o as_o i_o have_v hint_v do_v not_o suit_n well_o with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o paschasius_fw-la seem_v thence_o to_o have_v derive_v his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o eucharist_n for_o vrspergensis_n take_v notice_n that_o the_o council_n of_o bresse_n where_o he_o be_v depose_v by_o 30_o bishop_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n that_o he_o be_v of_o berengarius_n opinion_n as_o be_v his_o ancient_a disciple_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v this_o accusation_n not_o to_o be_v without_o ground_n if_o we_o cast_v our_o eye_n on_o his_o commentary_n on_o st._n matthew_n of_o which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o give_v a_o extract_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o we_o see_v that_o this_o pope_n comply_v with_o his_o own_o interest_n become_v afterward_o one_o of_o the_o most_o furious_a persecutor_n of_o berengarius_fw-la i_o suppose_v these_o few_o remark_n will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o my_o purpose_n though_o i_o may_v add_v that_o st._n fulbert_n as_o well_o as_o leutherick_n have_v be_v the_o disciple_n of_o gerbert_n have_v derive_v the_o same_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o eucharist_n from_o he_o this_o be_v so_o certain_a that_o a_o doctor_n of_o the_o sorbonne_n name_v villiers_n find_v no_o other_o mean_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o century_n to_o make_v he_o speak_v to_o his_o mind_n in_o publish_v of_o his_o work_n than_o by_o insert_v some_o word_n in_o the_o text_n which_o may_v make_v it_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o objection_n of_o heretic_n whereas_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o answer_n of_o his_o own_o wherein_o he_o
preach_v tend_v to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o weak_a and_o ignorant_a above_o all_o they_o prove_v from_o scripture_n that_o woman_n to_o who_o silence_n only_o be_v recommend_v must_v not_o undertake_v to_o teach_v last_o they_o represent_v to_o the_o waldenses_n that_o they_o do_v ill_o in_o reject_v prayer_n for_o the_o dead_a which_o have_v so_o much_o foundation_n in_o scripture_n and_o so_o clear_a a_o succession_n in_o tradition_n and_o as_o these_o heretic_n absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o church_n to_o pray_v among_o themselves_o in_o private_a in_o their_o house_n they_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o leave_v the_o house_n of_o prayer_n the_o holiness_n whereof_o be_v so_o much_o recommend_v in_o scripture_n and_o even_o by_o the_o son_n of_o god_n himself_o here_o we_o may_v see_v the_o albigenses_n in_o case_n they_o be_v the_o person_n concern_v though_o the_o bishop_n pretend_v they_o be_v the_o waldenses_n sufficient_o clear_v from_o all_o the_o accusation_n of_o manicheism_n that_o can_v be_v form_v against_o their_o faith_n for_o according_a to_o these_o article_n if_o we_o believe_v the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n they_o can_v be_v charge_v with_o any_o thing_n of_o arianism_n much_o less_o of_o manicheism_n i_o can_v perfect_o agree_v to_o what_o the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n conclude_v from_o their_o examine_n only_o these_o pretend_a difference_n in_o the_o conference_n hold_v before_o the_o archbishop_n of_o narbon_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o those_o against_o who_o the_o papist_n dispute_v at_o this_o conference_n there_o be_v solid_a reason_n that_o hinder_v i_o from_o be_v of_o the_o bishop_n opinion_n but_o however_o it_o be_v he_o can_v defend_v himself_o from_o have_v furnish_v his_o adversary_n with_o the_o most_o compendious_a way_n in_o the_o world_n to_o overthrow_v without_o much_o enquiry_n all_o that_o he_o have_v do_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o albigenses_n be_v guilty_a of_o manicheism_n for_o in_o truth_n this_o dispute_n whereof_o the_o abbot_n of_o foncaud_n give_v we_o a_o account_n be_v not_o maintain_v against_o the_o vaudois_n but_o against_o the_o albigenses_n for_o 1._o the_o bishop_n may_v easy_o have_v discover_v as_o much_o from_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o narbon_n the_o matter_n in_o question_n relate_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o his_o diocese_n 2._o because_o the_o abbot_n of_o foncaud_n who_o be_v the_o relator_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a actor_n his_o abbey_n be_v in_o the_o diocese_n of_o narbon_n 3._o because_o this_o conference_n with_o some_o other_o serve_v as_o a_o prologue_n to_o the_o cruelty_n exercise_v against_o the_o albigenses_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o her_o minister_n have_v already_o make_v use_n of_o these_o way_n of_o sweetness_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o extremity_n of_o a_o crusade_n which_o interrupt_v their_o other_o project_n towards_o 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about_o the_o year_n 1206_o where_o the_o vaudois_n be_v confound_v now_o all_o man_n know_v that_o the_o conference_n of_o 1206_o be_v hold_v with_o the_o albigenses_n as_o peter_n of_o vaux_n cernay_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n assure_v we_o in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o albigenses_n but_o why_o then_o will_v the_o bishop_n say_v do_v not_o they_o dispute_v before_o the_o bishop_n of_o nismes_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o narbon_n but_o only_o upon_o these_o four_o point_n the_o question_n be_v easy_o answer_v they_o dispute_v about_o many_o other_o article_n but_o either_o he_o who_o write_v the_o conference_n do_v not_o give_v we_o a_o relation_n of_o the_o whole_a as_o not_o suppose_v it_o convenient_a to_o publish_v their_o objection_n against_o those_o other_o opinion_n and_o superstition_n which_o the_o albigenses_n oppose_v or_o else_o they_o want_v time_n to_o examine_v the_o other_o article_n of_o the_o roman_a faith_n which_o they_o reject_v what_o i_o say_v now_o 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deputy_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n who_o give_v a_o public_a and_o authentic_a testimony_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o his_o purity_n in_o the_o faith_n 4._o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n have_v espouse_v his_o quarrel_n with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n so_o far_o that_o after_o his_o have_v be_v attack_v by_o a_o council_n at_o london_n in_o 1382_o and_o after_o have_v maintain_v his_o doctrine_n from_o the_o year_n 1367_o with_o public_a applause_n his_o write_n continue_v recommend_v by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o university_n to_o all_o the_o student_n both_o in_o the_o public_a school_n and_o college_n and_o be_v not_o force_v from_o they_o till_o after_o his_o condemnation_n which_o happen_v at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n 28_o year_n after_o his_o death_n we_o see_v the_o esteem_n wicklef_n have_v in_o that_o university_n by_o the_o testimony_n they_o give_v in_o 1406_o against_o those_o that_o endeavour_v to_o blemish_v the_o memory_n of_o this_o great_a man_n for_o after_o they_o have_v speak_v of_o his_o piety_n and_o probity_n as_o of_o a_o thing_n know_v to_o all_o man_n after_o they_o have_v declare_v that_o he_o be_v a_o courageous_a defender_n of_o the_o faith_n oxon._n they_o add_v qui_fw-la singulos_fw-la mendicitate_fw-la spontaneâ_fw-la christi_fw-la religionem_fw-la blasphemantes_fw-la sacrae_fw-la scripturae_fw-la sententiis_fw-la catholicè_fw-la expugnavit_fw-la that_o he_o have_v in_o a_o catholic_n way_n by_o text_n of_o scripture_n overthrow_v all_o those_o who_o by_o a_o voluntary_a poverty_n blaspheme_v the_o religion_n of_o christ_n and_o since_o the_o romish_a party_n have_v not_o at_o that_o time_n a_o more_o formidable_a enemy_n than_o wicklef_n they_o be_v not_o want_v to_o muster_v all_o their_o force_n in_o order_n to_o suppress_v his_o doctrine_n in_o the_o year_n 1396_o william_n woodeford_n a_o cordelier_n be_v choose_v by_o thomas_n arundel_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o write_v against_o wicklef_n trialogue_n which_o he_o do_v according_o refute_v 18_o article_n of_o his_o doctrine_n this_o book_n be_v print_v in_o the_o fasciculus_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1411_o thomas_n walden_n a_o englishman_n depute_v to_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n dedicate_v his_o doctrinal_a to_o pope_n martin_n v_n against_o wicklef_n where_o he_o accuse_v he_o of_o above_o 800_o error_n this_o monk_n as_o able_a as_o he_o be_v be_v real_o one_o of_o the_o most_o passionate_a disputer_n that_o ever_o write_v but_o withal_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o to_o follow_v his_o measure_n we_o can_v scarce_o imagine_v a_o more_o particular_a discussion_n of_o the_o error_n superstition_n and_o false_a supposition_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n make_v use_v of_o to_o maintain_v her_o error_n and_o false_a worship_n than_o that_o which_o wicklef_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o account_n that_o walden_n give_v of_o it_o we_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a knowledge_n of_o holy_a scripture_n and_o great_a skill_n in_o antiquity_n who_o authority_n he_o make_v use_v of_o to_o confound_v the_o romish_a novelty_n we_o discover_v there_o a_o great_a strength_n in_o his_o way_n of_o reason_v and_o a_o extraordinary_a method_n in_o his_o consequence_n so_o that_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v full_o penetrate_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o romish_a cause_n and_o overthrow_v its_o whole_a foundation_n one_o may_v plain_o discover_v this_o by_o run_v over_o the_o title_n of_o the_o doctrinal_a of_o thomas_n walden_n upon_o matter_n of_o faith_n upon_o the_o sacrament_n upon_o those_o which_o he_o call_v sacramental_a thing_n or_o that_o belong_v to_o sacrament_n for_o we_o scarce_o meet_v with_o any_o article_n controvert_v between_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o protestant_n which_o wicklef_n have_v not_o touch_v and_o handle_v and_o that_o with_o sufficient_a exactness_n too_o this_o have_v oblige_v the_o papist_n with_o so_o much_o care_n to_o reprint_v walden_n work_n against_o wicklef_n as_o contain_v a_o body_n of_o their_o controversy_n against_o the_o protestant_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o walden_n object_n some_o very_a harsh_a and_o impious_a opinion_n to_o he_o and_o that_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n have_v mingle_v several_a of_o that_o nature_n among_o the_o 45_o article_n of_o wicklef_n which_o be_v there_o condemn_v but_o here_o i_o must_v desire_v my_o reader_n to_o call_v to_o mind_n four_o thing_n 1_o sy_n that_o woodeford_n have_v object_v no_o such_o thing_n to_o wicklef_n which_o show_v that_o he_o never_o teach_v any_o like_a doctrine_n but_o that_o they_o be_v only_a consequence_n draw_v by_o a_o scholastical_a divine_a who_o be_v use_v to_o carry_v thing_n too_o far_o 2_o dly_z that_o walden_n write_v at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o popish_a party_n have_v the_o upperhand_n in_o the_o court_n of_o henry_n v_n who_o have_v condemn_v the_o wicklefite_n as_o guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n which_o walden_n take_v notice_n of_o in_o his_o dedication_n to_o martin_n v._n 3_o d_o that_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o this_o catalogue_n of_o 45_o article_n be_v draw_v up_o by_o walden_n himself_o who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n on_o purpose_n to_o promote_v wicklef_n condemnation_n 4_o thly_a that_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n be_v the_o first_o where_o by_o public_a consent_n that_o maxim_n that_o faith_n be_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o heretic_n be_v ever_o put_v in_o practice_n now_o let_v any_o one_o judge_v what_o equity_n or_o truth_n can_v be_v expect_v from_o villain_n of_o such_o profligate_v principle_n who_o think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n according_a to_o they_o after_o all_o this_o i_o may_v well_o excuse_v myself_o from_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n of_o wicklef_n or_o from_o say_v any_o thing_n for_o his_o justification_n but_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o do_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o great_a man_n and_o for_o the_o reader_n satisfaction_n the_o opinion_n of_o wicklef_n with_o relation_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o protestant_n be_v these_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o calumny_n that_o have_v be_v unjust_o charge_v upon_o wicklef_n by_o the_o papist_n 1._o wicklef_n own_v but_o 22_o canonical_a book_n of_o scripture_n exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o he_o call_v apocryphal_a 110._o 2._o he_o teach_v that_o the_o scripture_n contain_v all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n forasmuch_o say_v he_o as_o in_o scripture_n all_o truth_n be_v contain_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o dispute_n that_o take_v not_o their_o rise_n thence_o be_v profane_a 39_o we_o be_v not_o to_o admit_v any_o knowledge_n or_o conclusion_n which_o have_v not_o its_o testimony_n from_o scripture_n 66._o 3._o he_o affirm_v that_o every_o well-disposed_a christian_a may_v understand_v the_o holy_a scripture_n 205._o god_n have_v appoint_v the_o common_a sensible_a scripture_n to_o the_o comprehend_v of_o the_o catholic_n sense_n whereof_o god_n can_v never_o be_v want_v because_o he_o always_o enlighten_v some_o particular_a man_n to_o which_o illumination_n holiness_n of_o life_n conduce_v very_o much_o and_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o divine_n to_o continue_v it_o in_o our_o mother_n the_o church_n which_o ought_v to_o keep_v within_o her_o bound_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o divine_n to_o frame_v strange_a doctrine_n beside_o the_o faith_n of_o catholic_n scripture_n for_o which_o end_v he_o lay_v down_o several_a rule_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o scripture_n 4._o he_o assert_n that_o the_o scripture_n ought_v to_o be_v translate_v into_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n 24._o the_o truth_n of_o god_n say_v he_o be_v not_o more_o confine_v to_o one_o language_n than_o to_o another_o 25._o jesus_n christ_n deliver_v the_o lord_n prayer_n in_o a_o know_a language_n 24._o why_o then_o may_v not_o the_o gospel_n and_o other_o part_n of_o scripture_n be_v write_v in_o english_a 26._o the_o clergy_n ought_v to_o rejoice_v that_o the_o people_n know_v the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o he_o translate_v the_o whole_a bible_n whereof_o several_a copy_n be_v still_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o king_n library_n and_o in_o several_a other_o library_n in_o england_n we_o may_v easy_o know_v what_o he_o think_v of_o tradition_n from_o these_o word_n 108._o we_o have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n from_o the_o faith_n of_o scripture_n acad_n decree_n statute_n and_o rite_n that_o be_v add_v according_a to_o humane_a tradition_n be_v all_o inseparable_o sinful_a because_o they_o make_v the_o law_n of_o god_n more_o difficult_a to_o be_v keep_v and_o hinder_v the_o course_n of_o god_n word_n 411._o tradition_n be_v hateful_a to_o god_n and_o the_o church_n except_o only_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v ground_v on_o scripture_n 333._o man_n own_o invention_n be_v chief_o to_o get_v money_n ibidem_fw-la