Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	ghost_n	holy_a	paul_n	7,516	5	6.4255	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A26578	The art of logick; or, The entire body of logick in English. Unfolding to the meanest capacity the way to dispute well, and to refute all fallacies whatsoever. The second edition, corrected and amended. By Zachary Coke of Grays-Inn, Gent.	Ainsworth, Henry, 1571-1622?; Coke, Zachary, attributed name.	1657 (1657)	Wing A804C; ESTC R209562	134,638	238

Figure is never Universal And hitherto of a perfect Syllogism Animperfect Syllogism is which hath an imperfect disposition of Syllogistical Form And it is Direct f Indirect g g Indirect is which concludeth by indirect or absurd And it is Primary a Secondary b Primary is when the adversary by the contradictory of the conclusion which he denyeth and by the complication of a proposition manifestly true and granted is driven to an absurdity The Canons hereof are seven 1. Let the contradictory be taken of the conclusion which the adversary denyeth 2. Let a contradiction be assumed manifestly true and which the adversary cannot deny and let that be placed instead of the Major 3. Let the contradictory of the conolusion be put instead of the Minor and thereupon with the Major manifestly true let be inferrd an absurd conclusion 4. From the absurd conclusion inferred go back to the absurd proposition or contradictory of the first conclusion 5. The falshood of the Minor being shewed by the force of the contradictory principle let it be shewed that the first conclusion is true as that whereto the Minor is contradictorily opposed for example Arians deny this conclusion The Holy Ghost is God I take the contradictory The Holy Ghost is not God but a Creature and thus I infer The spirit of God is not God but a Creature therefore the The spirit of God is without God This Conclusion is absurd for no spirit is without that whose spirit it is therefore Paul saith plainly The spirit of God is in God Therefore either the Major or Minor is absurd not the Major for it is manifest the creatures are without the Creator therefore the Minor And therefore the right conclusion is true which is opposed to this Minor 6 Therefore a Syllogism leading to absurdity is faulty either when the Major is infirm or the conclusion not absurd or opposed to a true conclusion 7 A Syllogism leading to absurdity much urgeth in disputing and hath the chief use in shewing the verity of principles and specially of those conclusions which are nigh to principles so as they cannot well be proved by demonstration Secondary is which by the Adversaries grant of concontradictories inferreth the denyall of the same by it self as No Naturall body is infinite some body viz. Christs by the Ubiquitaries opinion is infinite therefore some body viz. Christs is not a body A direct imperfect Syllogism is 1 Enthymema 2 Consecution of sentences 3 Induction 4 Sorites 1 An Enthymema is a Syllogism wherein one of the premises is kept in The Canons are three 1 In an Enthymema the first proposition is called the antecedent the other the consequent 2 It may easily be made a Syllogism by adding the proposition that wanteth 3 Which of the premises is wanting may easily be judged by the conclusion whereof if the attribute or latter part appear not in the antecedent the Major is wanting if the subject or first part appear not the Minor is wanting as a living creature moveth therfore man moveth Here wants the Minor for this word man appeareth not in the antecedent A man is aliving creature therefore he moveth Here wants the Major for the attribute in the conclusion moveth appeareth not in the antecedent Consecution of sentences is when without disposition of the Mean one sentence followeth another And it is Consentanie a Dissentanie b Consentanie is when the consecution procedeth by consent of the sentences Namely by conversion inclusion and other naturall Relations of the Sentences The Canons hereof are nine 1 The converting to the converted in all kinds of conversion followeth rightly as No Infidel eats Christs body therefore None that eats Christs body is an Infidel 2 That inference which is made from a contrary sense is neer kin to conversion by contrary placing as Vertue is to be praised therefore Vice is to be dispraised 3 From the Superiour or Universall unto the Inferior or Particular distributely there is a good consecution as All sinners repenting finde mercy Therefore all great sinners repenting do finde mercy But from one particular to another it followeth not rightly As to say Some sin is not forgiven in the life to come therefore some sin is forgiven in the life to come 4 From the affirmative of a finite consequent or attribute followeth the Negative of an infinite consequent as man is just therefore man is not not-just 5 From the affirmative of an infinite consequent followeth the Negative of a finite consequent if the antecedent be capable of the habit as Man is not just therefore neither is he just neither un just But of an infant it followes not he is not just therefore he is unjust for he is not capable 6 From a conjoyned consequent are inferred things divided where there is no ambiguity nor repugnancy in the adject as Man is a living sensible body Therefore man is a body man is living man is sensible But it follows not a Carkase is a dead man therefore it is a man For between a Carkase and a man there is a repugnancy 7 From two or mo disjoyned consequents that cleave together by themselves and are taken without ambiguity we may infer conjoyned things as Man is a body and he is mixt and he is living and he is sensible therefore man is a living mixt sensible body But it followeth not if one say This man is a Musitian and he is good therefore he is a good Musitian because Musitian and good cleave together by accident And there is ambiguity in the word good which may be understood either of Moral good or of perfection of Arts. Neither is this right to say This servant is a father and he is thine therefore he is thy father For there is ambiguity in the word thing 8 From an exclusive to an Universal of transposed terms is a good consequence As Onely man can laugh therefore whatsoever can laugh is a man 9 From the removing of the one immediate member unto the exclusive is a good consequence As We are not justified by works therefore by faith onely Dissentany consecution is when from the truth of the one of the opposites is understood the falshood of the other and contrary from the falshood of the one the truth of the other As It is true that some man is not chosen to life therefore It is false that every man is chosen to life It is true that every Christian man is to be baptized therefore it is false that no Christian Infant is to be baptized Induction is either Principal a Lesse principal b Principal is when from many singulars or particulars there is drawn a general conclusion The Canons hereof are three 1 An Induction standing of particular propositions may bring in all the particulars As if one would prove that Wine heateth he may reckon up all sorts of Wine in the World as French Spanish Rhenish European Asian Affrican Wine c. 2 When singulars are infinite it

connexes adjacents and circumstances specially be explaned 5 Let the causes Efficient both Principal and Impulsive and Instrumental be diligently discussed and the final cause also added 6 Let the description be gathered by naming of the Species assignation also of the subject object circumstances of time and place with mention also of the efficient and final causes 7 Let the proper Requisites and Effects be added 8 Let the Consequents be named 9 Let the things akin be rehearsed 10 Let the things diverse be compared and the opposites at last assigned For example Let Christs ascension be the theme to be handled 1 Ascension is the scansion or moving from an inferiour place to a superiour 2 The Genus of it is a motion local whose extreams are 〈…〉 what and unto what and then the mean by which the 〈…〉 is made Now here we are to mind whether Christs Ascention be a Natural moving or Supernatural And we may find it to be a Naturall moving First In respect of the Subject which is a natural Body Secondly and in respect of the terms and mean But in respect of the Efficient cause and end it is Supernatural 3 The Subject of this ascention is Christs whole person not absolutely but restrictively according to that part which could move from place to place which is his humane nature As for the Object Local moving is not occupied about it 4 The Antecedents far off were Christs Ministery and all that he did in his life the neerer are his Passion Resurrection conversing after with his Disciples forty dayes and bringing of them to Mount-Olivet c. The Connexes are the term from whence Namely Mount-Olivet The term whereto namely the Heaven of Heavens The means by which are the Air and Sphere of fire and other Orbs thorow which his Body went The Circumstance of places agrees with the terms The time was forty dayes after his Resurrection The other Connexes were the gazing of his Disciples the appearing of the Angels c. 5 The principal Efficient cause was the vertue of the Godhead the inward moving cause 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is Christs love to his Elect The outward moving cause 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is the profit and salvation of his Elect. The final cause in respect of Christ is the full possession of glory Secondly In respect of his Elect to fulfill his kingly office by defending and ruling of his Church Also his Prophetical and Priestly office by sending the holy Ghost to teach them and the interceding for them with the Father 6 Hereupon the Description ariseth this That Christs ascension was a Local moving whereby he as touching his body leaving the earth on Mount-Olivet came thorow all the Regions of the Elements by vertue of the Godhead into the glorious Heaven to possesse full glory and to defend his Church against all Enemies and by the power of the holy Ghost from Heaven to teach and instruct and by Intercession to commend us to the Father 7 The Effects of his ascension are the sending of the holy Ghost the gathering of his Church by the Ministery of his Apostles the suppressing of the Enemies and defence of his Church sitting on Gods right hand and Intercession 8 The Consequent of his Ascension was the Apostles wondering and returning to Jerusalem Fear and dwelling together till the Spirit was sent down 9 The things akin to his Ascension were his Resurrection the ascending of Enoch and especially of Elias 10 Diversity may be shewed between those for the ascension of Enoch and Elias was not a Victory over sin and the Devil nor a triumph of merit but of grace not by their own power but by anothers c. And the Opposites of his ascension are His base estate on earth and that disparition vanishing away which Ubiquitaries feign of his Body c. And thus much of the handling of a singular accident The handling of a Part hath these Canons 1 Let the name of the part in several tongues be considered and the Notation shewed 2 Because every Part is a thing Incomplete a complete Genus or Species of it cannot be had but it must be referred unto the predicament in which the whole is therefore by Comparison to the whole and Relation to the whole the Nature of the Part is of our understanding to be conceived For every part is part of the whole and if it be cut from the whole it deserves almost no consideration because the use of it is ceased 3 It must be considered whether the part be Essential or Integral 4 If the part be Essential let it be minded whether it be the Form or the Matter If the Form it must chiefly be explained by his Operations or Forces and Effects If it be the Matter the disposition of it must be considered by which it is apt to receive the Form and so the Instruments by which the operations of the Form are wrought and so let the whole body be subdivided into parts greater and principal lesser and least of all 5 Let it be considered whether the Integral part be similar or dissimilar For Similars come rarely under consideration because it is of the same name nature and properties with the whole but dissimilars are wont chiefly to deserve explication 6 In every part therefore besides the name there must be considered 1 The quantity and figure 2 The quality or temperature 3 The situation and how it is placed and knit with other parts 4 The uses or actions of the parts for whose sake this Instrument is of Nature made 5 The lesser parts of which it is compounded 7 After this let the things akin to the part be weighed as are either parts like unto it and finally let the Opposites be added as are in mans body the peculiar diseases of the parts The use of this Doctrine of the Part is chiefly seen in anatomies and in astronomy and architecture or building But most of all in the anatomy and parts of a mans body A Concrete accident is explained chiefly by these Canons 1 Besides the ambiguity of the name and the Etymologie let the Absolute accident be considered of which the Concrete is denominated because the resolution of the Concrete into the Absolute is the best explication of the Concrete 2 In the accident absolute whereinto the Concrete is resolved let the Genus Causes Objects Effects Things akin and Opposites be considered and let them be applied to the Concrete accident after the same manner 3 In relations concrets are often wont to be taken for absolutes by the unheedy therefore there needeth great discretiō 4 When the nature of the absolute accident is perceived the description of the Concrete may be annexed viz. that which is builded by the consideration of the absolute Collectives are diverse things especially substances united together not by any essentiall Band but by Number and Relation The Canons for explaining Collectives are these 1 Besides the Name consider whether

to be ordinated Ergo Logick is an Art Of the Object of Logick The object of Logick is two-fold 1 That which it directeth 2 That whereto the understanding is directed 1 The object which Logick directeth is the Understanding Reason Mind or thought of man wherein two things are to be foreknown 1 The properties of the understanding 2 The parts and degrees thereof 1 The properties of the understanding to the preknowledg of Logical precepts necessary are 1 That those perceived of sense be first and best known of the understanding let the understanding deduce thence its original knowledge 2 That since the defection of our first parents in Paradise our understanding cannot faithfully and certainly determine to comprehend the natures of things with distinctnesse and order and by its own acies and strength to discern the truth unlesse by artificiall and outward rules directed and governed unto which the understanding looks as the Mariner to the Compasse In which respect and sense it is in worse case than the sense● which have conserved themselves sound entire since the first apostacie of their own force and vigour being still able to determine themselves faithfully to know their own objects 3 That the understanding of it self is rather carried to the cogitation of things universal and such objects as are not determined either by will place time c. circumstances then unto determinate things and singular the effects and products of sense 4 That the understanding acts not in a moment but successively in time and by order 5 It understands not the same independently and of it self but goeth from one thing to another and hence it is that the distinct knowledge of God is paramount the reach of the understanding there being nothing in God diverse from God or what is not God himself in man there are many things more obvious to knowledge than man himself but in God there 's no such thing who is conceivable only that but most imperfectly by himself 6 That at one and the same time it is occupied about and understandeth but one thing 7 That the object must be proportionate to it self and finite it cannot understand God who is infinite 8. That it may assent certainly to conclusions proved even Testimony if authentique yet so as no distinct knowledge can be begotten in the understanding except there be a mean from the nature of the Predicate or Subject for that to know is by the Cause 9 That the instruments of its operation need be pure and composed should be spirits void of affectuous humours as Anger Fear Malice Revenge c. Degrees are three 1 The first degree of the understanding is simple viz. the apprehension of a single Term or Theme as Peter Paul a living Creature 2 Is the conception of two Terms by way of composition as when we think A man is a living Creature or A man is a reasonable Creature 3 Is when in order we think of more than two Terms passing the thought from one to the other till you come to a third This is discourse Discourse now is two-fold Illative Ordinative Illative is such a moving of our Thoughts as when by the repeating the co-ordination of things that is the third Term with the two former we judge the co-ordination of these two Terms to be true or false This discourse is that which is called Syllogistical 2 Ordinative is a moving of our thoughts from one part of the doctrine to another that so we may judge how they consist and hang together This discourse is called Methodical The Object to which the understanding is directed and ordered is every thing in Nature for the understanding and comprehending of which in our thoughts the Understanding needeth and seeketh rules of Logick 1 Of this object there is a three-fold partition of things 1 Some are infinite as God and hereunto the serv'ce of Logical Instruments is not sufficient for the eliciting of a perfect conception or knowledge Others are finite and create and of them some be spiritual and imperceptible by sense and with much ado can the understanding conceive them Some also be corporall and to know them and their instruments Logical instruments chiefly serve 2 Things in nature are considerable two wayes 1 Indeterminately without respect or restraint to Term Place or other circumstances as a Man 2 Determinately unto circumstances as Peter Paul c. About the first as about things universal are Logical instruments and directions primarily and principally used About the latter as about singular they are used but secondarily 3 Things are considered absolutely and in themselves and so are called simple beings or entia or things as a Man Sometime as co-ordinate and one with another as a Man a living creature now they are called compounded About the first the first part of Logick is used about the latter the second and third parts The proper end of Logick is the ordering and directing of mans cogitations or the acts of mans understanding in the knowledge of things this is the true and proper end of Logick 1 Because every essential end must be equall to its thing ended nor streighter nor larger because the end constituteth the essence 2 Every end must be one for the unity of an Art depends of the unity of the end as the unity of knowledge depends of the unity of the subject 3 An End in Arts not conjecturall such is Logick must be put when the means are put and these three Criteria or rules exactly do agree in the direction of the understanding and hitherto having minded the nature and essence of Logick le ts now consider the properties and effects that followeth the essence Properties of Logick 1 No discipline more helpeth the wit or contemplative sharpness i. e. the inclination of the temperature to contemplate distinctly and accurately 2 Unto the wit belongs 1 The judgement or judging faculty i. e. a disposition soundly to think and perceive what 's true and what 's false in 2 things 2 A facility of learning 3 Discipline 4 A witty 3 faculty quickly to find out the mean to prove the truth and 4 refute the falshood all which Logick helpeth ordereth directeth 3 Logick is the directory of the thoughts making them regular that whatsoever is conceiveable of a thing may be drawn to a right sum for an orderly processe in them and to avoid confusion 4 When a man hath soundly and well thought on a thing it enableth him exactly and in order to reach and write it 5 It causeth a man well to learn that which is well taught 6 It giveth a reflexive knowledge to a man that is it makes a man not onely know directly but makes him know that he knoweth a thing 7 It enableth a man to resolve what is compositively handled by others 8 It much avails and profits to conference and collations whether occasional or other 9 By it is a man