lately an account of greater Divisions some of them being charged by others with damnable Heresies and Doctrines of Devils c. in a Book intituled The Plea of the Innocent c. I take them for a Branch of the Old Anabaptists which sprung up in Germany upon the Reformation though they made no appearance in England 'till the time of our Civil Wars about the Year 1644. and then were assisted at least by some Priests of the Popish Seminaries in disguise as were also several other Sects which then sprung up amongst us See Du Moulin's Philan. Angl. c. Mahometans 1. Creed The first Chapter of the Alcoran is as it were the Mahometan's Creed and 't is called the Mother of the Book containing the Words of Mahomet for the rest are all deliver'd as the Word of God he being induced as Speaker Which first Chapter is this Sense In the Name of God gracious and merciful Thanks be unto God the Lord of the World merciful pitiful Judge at the Day of Judgment We pray unto thee we trust in thee Lead us into the right way the way of them whom thou hast chosen not of them with whom Thou art angry and of the Infidels Out of the Alcoran may be collected more of their Faith as thus 1. God is One necessary to all incorporeal neither begetting nor begotten the Creator long-suffering searcher of the Heart true that he hath no Son needs nothing 2. That Christ is the Son of Mary the best of Women the Prophet of God begotten by the Spirit of her in the shape of a Man Christ was not slain by the Jews but one like him 3. Their Law is to be propagated by the Sword Of the twelve Months four are to be consecrated to this warfare they that refuse it lose their Souls The Unbelievers taken in War that will not turn must be killed or made Slaves 'T is not lawful to dispute about the Law 4. God made the World and disposed the seven Heavens and afterwards Man like unto himself and breathed into him his own Soul a portion of it That the Angels being commanded to do reverence to Adam Beelzebub refused and was therefore damned 5. There is a Paradise and Hell but of sensual Pleasures and Torments 6. Mahomet is the Seal and last of the Prophets to whom it was lawful to lie with all Women even Aunts and Kindred c. 7. There shall be a Resurrection proved by the story of the 7 Sleepers who slept 360 Years 2. Moral and Judicial Precepts and Prohibitions 1. Prohibitions 1. Abstain from Swines-flesh Blood that which dies alone and that which hath the Neck cut off 2. From Wine and Women more than their own Wives or Women 3. Working on Friday at Prayer-time 4. Games of Chesse Scails and Tables 5. Marrying with Men or Women of another Law 6. Marrying with Mother Daughter Sister Aunt Niece Nurse c. 7. Swearing rashly and For-swearing 8. Usury Lying Injustice c. 2. Precepts Affirmative 1. Pilgrimage to Mecha 2. Belief in GOD and Mahomet 3. Marry and Fight for the encrease of Religion 4. Giving wealth to the Poor Men Slaves Birds Dogs 5. Praying five times a Day 6. Keeping Lent one Month in the Year 7. Obedience to Parents 8. Keeping Friday Sabbath cum multis aliis Mahometan Sects 1. Turks or Arabians 1. THE Turks pretendc that Abouleker was the Successor of Mahomet making his Genealogy thus Mahomet 1 Abouleker 1 Omar 1 Osman 1 Aly. 2. The Turks are called Sunni because they follow also Counsels of Devotion besides the Commands of their Law M. de Thev 3. They call to Prayers from the tops of Towers 4. In Praying the Turks hold their hands one over another upon their Stomach 5. Among the Turks for a Christian to dispute with them is a Crime punishable by Death 6. The Turks make God the Author both of Good and Evil. 7. The Turks say the Law is Eternal 8. The Turks teach that God shall be visible to blessed Souls in his Essence 9. The Turks say Mahomet when he received his Alcoran was carried by the Angel Gabriel Body and Soul into God's presence 10. The Arabians pray five times a day 2. Persians 1. The Persians leave out of Mahomet's Succession the names of Abouleker Omar and Osman affirming them to be Usurpers only and no rightful Successors to Mahomet that Aly lawfully and actually succeeded him making the Genealogy thus Mahomet 1 Aly. which Aly say they succeeded Mahomet both in his Doctrine and Empire and married also Mahomet's Daughter who was also the first of the twelve Imams and whose Interpretation of the Law they embrace as the Truest and whose Sepulchre they visit as the Turks the other three 2. The Persians call themselves Schiai because they think it enough to follow the Precepts of their Law though sometimes they follow some of the Counsels too 3. In Persia they call to Prayers three times a day from Terrases not Towers 4. The Schiai in Praying hold not their hands on their Stomach but laying down a little gray stone which they always carry about them every time they prostrate lay their Foreheads on that stone made of the Earth of Keebela where Hussein the second Son of Aly was killed M. de Thev 5. The Persians will suffer Christians to dispute with them about matters of Religion 6. The Persians make God Author of Good only 7. The Persians say only God is Eternal 8. The Persians say he is visible only in his Effects and Attributes 9. The Persians that he was carried only in Soul 10. The Persians pray but three times a day Morning Noon and Night no not upon Fridays The Persians have translated the Alcoran into the Persian Tongue with an interlineal Translation word for word for Turk and Persian both believe that that Book cannot be explainted in any other Language but Arabick Subordinate Sects Dervises THey go about begging Alms in the name of Aly. They wear two Sheep-skins dried in the Sun the one hanging on their Back the other on their Breast the rest of their Body naked their whole body shaved Head bare Temples burnt with a hot Iron Rings with precious Stones in their Ears and a knotty Club in their Hand They are desperate Assassinates Robbing and Murdering on occasion They eat of an Herb called Asserad or Matslach which makes them Mad cutting and slashing themselves which makes them more reverenced On Friday after their Devotion they drink of Asserad and Sing and Dance about a Fire like mad c. See more in the sequel of this Book Imailer The Imailers or Religious Brothers of Love have for their Habit a long Coat of a Violet colour without Seam girt about with a golden Girdle at which hang silver Cymbals which jingle as they go These with a Book in their Hand of Love-Songs go about Singing and receive Money for their Songs and are always bare-headed wearing long Hair which they curl They are worse than Beasts
Arm was dried up immediately That the Child being thrown into a Fire turned it into a Bed of Roses 6. That some of this Fire is still preserved and is worthy of great Veneration 7. That the King devising new Torments was at last stung to Death with Flies and all that would not kiss the Prophet's Feet and submit 8. That this Prophet under Scha-glocktes the Succeeding Prince was cast into a Bath of melted Silver but coming out safe all received him as a Prophet and called him Zer-Ateucht i. e. wash'd in Silver 9. After this the Prophet was never seen more 10. That he will have three Children 11. The first Ouchider to be born of a Virgin who shall come into the World and cause his Father's Laws to be received by Preaching and Miracles 12. The Second Ouchiderma who shall be conceiv'd in like manner who shall assist his Brother and convince all the World by causing the Sun to stand still 10 years 13. That the 3d. called Senoict-Hotius conceiv'd by the same Mother shall come with more Authority than his two Brothers and shall perfectly reduce all People to the Religion of their Prophet 14. That after these things shall be the Universal Resurrection when all Souls in Paradise or Hell shall return to take possession of their own Bodies that then all Mountains and Minerals being melted shall fill up Hell and destroy mansions of the Devils 15. Afterwards the World shall be level'd and made Habitable and men shall have their Apartment in it according to the good which they did but their chief delight shall be in beholding and praising God and Ibrahim their Prophet M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. They say also That before the Resurrection those that are in Paradise do not behold the face of God no not the Angels themselves except only one who always attends upon God to receive and execute his Commands That God will have pity upon the Damned and that they shall go into Paradise as having suffered enough already for their Sins Idem Indian Idolaters I Believe one only Almighty God and only Wise Creator of Heaven and Earth who fills all places with his Presence by some called Primissar by others Peremael others Westnon others Ram c. that this Ram was the Son of a Potent Raja called Deseret and the most Vertuous of all his Children his Wife's name Sita both Banished with a Brother Lokeman but passing through a Wood Ram being in pursuit of a Bird his Wife Sita was Ravished by Rhevan a kind of Deity also that all the Creatures were employed in Searching for Sita who at last was found by a Monkey that had leaped over the Sea in Rhevan's Garden who Saluted her in Ram's Name and presented her a Ring and with Fire with which some of Rhevans Servants would have burnt him the Ape set Fire on Rhevan's Palace and thereupon leapt at one Jump over the Sea again and brought greeting from Sita to Ram who thereupon by the guidance of the Ape raised Forces and went over and rescued his Wife Hereupon Rhevan spent all the rest of his Days like a poor Faquir and gave original to that Order I believe that departed Souls are according to their Lives ordered to inhabit another Body The Souls of the wicked into Asses Dogs Cats c. Of the Good into Cows or potent Rajaes That if a Man Die with a Cows Tail in his Hand he is happy M. Tavernier Part. 2. l. 2. The People of Formosa I Believe the World to be Eternal The Soul to be Immortal And future Rewards and Punishments according to our good or evil deeds That the passage to the other World is over a narrow Bridg made with Canes from which the Wicked fall into a nasty miry place there to abide for ever the Good go to a Mansion of Pleasure That there are several Gods Tamagisahanch in the South who presides o're the Generation of Mankind from whom all good to Body or Mind proceeds that his Wife Taxank-punda when it Thunders chides with him for not sending Rain Sariachsingh in the North who destroys all Benefits bestowed on Mankind that both these are to be Prayed to That there are two Gods of War Talafula and Tapaliape to be invocated only by the Men. Pacquet broke open vol. 2. Siamites I Believe that one Supreme God Created the Universe and Governs the World That there are several other Gods Subordinate to him That the Soul is Immortal That on its separation from the Body it passes to Eternal Happiness or Misery after various Transmigrations That good Works will save a Man That this Religion was received by Immemorial Tradition from the Saints now worshipped by them as Deities Pacquet broke open vol. 2. Peguians I Believe that the Chief of the Gods who hath several Gods under him is the Author of all the Good that Mankind enjoys but that he leaves to the Devil the disposing of all Evil and therefore a greater Veneration is due to him than to God All Men naturally taking more care to appease a powerful Enemy than be grateful to an obliging Friend That good Works are more conducive to Eternal Hppiness than Faith That a man may be Saved in any opinion so his Life be Pious and Regular That five principal Sapans or Holy-days are to be kept 1. Sapan Giacchi the Pilgrimage of the King and Queen in Grandeur 2. Sapan Carena in Honour of their great Idol 3. Sapan Segienon in Honour of other Idols 4. Sapan Daiche when the King and Queen throw Rose-water at each other and all the Nobility wash them out of a Pot of the same and none can pass the Streets without having Water thrown at him out of the Windows 5. Sapan Donan when a Race is performed by Boats in the Kings and Queens presence as they Pass to Meccao Tunquinese Of these there are three Sects The Author of the first is Confutius whose Creed is as follows I Believe that man is composed of two Parts the one fine and subtil the other material and gross when Man Dies the subtiler part goes into Air the gross stays in the Earth that the 7 Planets are to be Adored but especially these Gods Rauma Betolo Ramonus and Brama and Satisbana by the Women as also the Heavens by the King and Mandarins The Author of the Second Chacabout followed by the most part of the meaner People hath taught them thus There are Ten Commandments which see afterwards a Transmigration of Souls That they who would be Religious must renounce the Delights of this Life be Charitable to the Poor overcome their Passions and give themselves up to Meditation That there are ten distinct places of Joy and Torment the Torments proportionable to the Offence and without any end The Imperfect shall wander in diverse Bodies 3000 years the Perfect go immediately to Bliss The Author of the Third Sect is that of Lanthu a Chinese a great Magician who taught that his Mother carried him in her
Trees in great Veneration and consult with them as with Oracles Rosse In Angola and Congo they are much addicted to Divination by Birds Rosse In Jucatan they caused Boys in hollow Images to answer the Peoples Petitions as if God had spoke to them Idem The Priests in South-America learn Physick and Magick when young being shut up two Years in Woods all which time they keeep their Cells see no Women nor eat Flesh they are taught by their Masters in the Night Idem Some West Indians at this day by fuming their Heads over the smoak of Tobacco will fall into a Trance for four or five Hours and fore-see what Ships are making to their Ports tho' several days of and report where the Vessels then are when they awake Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. In Gilolo and Amboina they bring their Daemon or Nito to conference with a Tabor VVax-Candles and words of Conjuration he appears to them in the shape of a Man all their actions are preceded by consulting the Devil Ibid. Rewards and Punishments future according to the Jews Jews I Need not here declare what the Sentiments of the ancient Jews before our Saviour's time were it shall suâ—fice to tell what their Opinion is in the present Age as Dr. Addison hath informed us in his Present State of the Jews in Barbary 1. They say that all Souls were created together and placed in a certain Region whence the several Bodies in their proper times are furnished as they are ready to receive them and if the Souls offend in this State they are sent into infirm Bodies for a Punishment and this Pre-existence they found on Eccles 4.3 2. Souls are conjoyned with Bodies which is an Imprisonment like Birds in Cages 3. Afterwards they are separated from the Body to a Temporal State of Happiness or Unhappiness wherein they continue till the final Sentence 4. At last they are disposed of into a State of Eternal Duration yet 5. They hold a Purgatory to be in Hell from whence they can never be delivered but by the vertue of the Kaddish a Prayer repeated once a day for the space of a year by some surviving Relation 6. They generally hold that none stays there above a Twelve-month 7. If any one's Sins are too great or many to be purged the Soul by Transmigration is to finish its Penance in another Body and so on in a Third Fourth Fifth Sixth till it come to a Seventh where it finds rest Heaven eternal 1. The State of Pre-existent Souls 2. Of Souls conjoyned with Bodies 3. The Temporal State of Souls Separated from Bodies by death till the day of Judgment 4. A years Purgatory 5. The Soul not purged in transmigration to other Bodâ—â—â— 1. Body 2 Body 3 Body 4 Body 5 Body 6 Body 7 Body Rest. They hold That they which are not of their Religion if found disobedient to the Law of Nature I suppose my Author means shall suffer a total Perdition of their Being themselves are liable only to a lesser Happiness Both Jews and Moors are of Opinion That the Infernal Torments shall have an end and that the fallen Angels shall be then restored to Mercy They place the Consummation of the World in a Restoration of it to that Beauty and Order it was at first designed They say the Resurrection shall be only out of the Holy Land whither all that are buried in other Countries must uncessantly rowl thro' the dark Caverns of the Earth and to avoid this trouble they endeavour when old to return to Palestine Four Privileges of the Jews 1. The Land of Canaan 2. The Law of Moses 3. The Gift of Prophecy 4. And the Resurrection Mahometans An Account of them as communicated to us By F. Simon out of a Book of Mahometanism written by a Modern Doctor of that Religion according to the Doctrine generally received and approved by most good Men in and about Constantinople 1. After Death and Burial two of the greatest Angels Munzir and Nekir come and ask the Person what Belief he hath concerning God and the Prophet and the Law and the Kible what side one is to turn to in praying to God The Just are to answer Our God is he that hath created all things Our Faith is the Mussulman and Orthodox Faith and the true direction of our Prayers is the Kible Unbelievers not knowing what to answer are condemned to suffer great Pains 2. At the general Resurrection the Good before their entring into Paradise shall drink of certain Fountains so that they shall never thirst again Mahomet's Fountain for him and his Sect shall contain as much space of Ground as one can travel in a Month On the brinks of this Fountain shall be as many lavers as Stars in the Firmament the Water sweeter than Honey and whiter than Milk 3. Their Paradise is thus described 1. 'T is all full of Musk. 2. The Buildings of Gold and Silver Bricks 3. All sorts of Delicious Meats are there 4. Their Cloaths never wear out 5. What any one desires comes ready dress'd to their Hand 6. None subject there to sleep or other Necessities of the Body 7. Divine and Celestial Women and Virgins free from all Incommodities 8. They who once enter never come out again 4. Their Hell-thus 1. Unbelievers shall be Eternally with Devils 2. They shall be Tormented with Serpents bigger than Camels and Scorpions bigger then Mules With Fire also and scalding water 3. When burnt and turn'd to a Coal God shall raise them again for fresh Torments and so never to end 5. Believers dying without Repentance are to be disposed of by God according to his good pleasure some of them are pardon'd others to expiate by their sufferings till released and admitted to Paradise Mahomets Paradise A River of Water Honey Wine Milk God appearing on Fridays Fruits Delicious Dgennet Zlar i.e. Virgins of Paradise with black Eyes white Bodies always young never exceeding 15 red Cheeks Young Boyes to attend with Vials of Liquors Fruits and Fowles Cloaths of Green or Scarlet Silk and Gold Araf i.e. A Place for them who have done neither good nor evil The 6th Gate thro' which they that fear shall enter Paradise 5. Gate 6. Gate 7. Gate Gate of Hell 2. Gate Selzaboul a River of which when they have drunk after their sins are consumed they go to Heaven Zacon a Tree of whose frut they eat which shal burn in their Bellies like fire Chains of 70 〈◊〉 A Well of scalding water of which they drink * Purchas tells out of Bellonius That there is in Paradise a Tree which shadows it all over and spreads her Boughs upon the Walls the Leaves of pure Gold and Silver the Name of God and Mohomet writ on each Leaf That if one of those Virgins of Paradise should come forth at Midnight she would enlighten the World as much as the Sun If she should spit into the Sea all the Water would become sweet That Gabriel keeps the Keys of
Page 205 2. Persians Page 206 25. Heathen 1. Pythagoreans Page 303 2. Platonicks Page 304 3. Peripateticks Page 305 4. Cynicks Page 306 5. Stoicks Page 307 6. Epicureans Page 308 PART II. Note That under Each of the following Heads is inserted in distinct Paragraphs the PRACTICES of Every Religion KNowledg of God Page 309 Love of God Page 313 Affiance in God Page 315 Obedience to his Laws Page 317 Love and Reverence to his Name Word c. Page 319 Praying unto God Page 328 Praising of him Psalms c. Page 334 Fear of God alone Page 341 Heavenly mindedness Page 343 Frequency and Diligence at Church Page 346 Catechising Page 351 Frequency and Devotion at Sacraments Page 356 Confession Mortification Absolution Page 366 Zeal Page 370 Moderation Page 373 Purity Sincerity Page 377 Perseverance Page 380 Observation of the Sabbath Page 383 Discipline Page 387 Self-Denial Page 389 Justice Honesty Page 393 Love to the Brethren Page 397 Love to Enemies Page 402 Love to the Souls of others Page 406 Care of their bodies Hospitals Page 408 Vnity and Peaceableness Page 415 Obedience to Civil Governors Page 419 Good Parents Page 422 Good Children Page 427 Good Husbands Page 432 Good Wives Page 434 Good Masters Page 439 Good Servants Page 440 Good Ministers Pastors Page 443 Good Parishioners People Page 447 Laboriousness Page 450 Humility Page 459 Contempt of Wealth Page 458 Government of the Tongue Page 461 Sobriety of Apparel Page 464 Temperance in meats Page 468 Temperance in Drink Page 472 Chastity Page 475 Patience in suffering Page 488 Domestick Worship Page 492 Toleration of all Religions Page 497 Last words of dying men Page 500 Occasions of Conversion Page 504 Miraculous Testim to Christianity Page 508 Ceremonies in Greeting Page 512 Fidelity in Trusts Page 516 Marriage and Divorce Page 519 Frugality Page 529 Dancing Page 533 Games Page 537 Saints Page 541 Pilgrimage Page 552 Angels Page 554 Atheism Irreligion Page 557 Superstition Page 559 Monks Monasteries Page 567 Colleges Schools Page 571 Premonitions of Death Page 575 Charms Spells Page 579 Apparitions Obsessions Page 581 Oracles Divination c. Page 585 Rewards and Punishments future Page 590 In what Countries each Religion is practised Page 604 Mother Tongues of Europe Page 608 Graces at meat Page 610 Forms of Excommunication Page 615 Creeds Page 621 Commands Page 631 Burials Page 656 An Appendix containing a Table of Errours Heresies c. Page 655 THE HISTORY OF ALL RELIGIONS In the World c. PART I. 1. Object of Worship and Religious Veneration or Esteem Jewish THE Jews worship only one God Jehovah Eloim without any distinction of Persons yet acknowledging a Messiah although the Books of the Old Testament which they own for Canonical do in several Texts sufficiently evince a Trinity of Perons especially Gen. 1. verse 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 h. e. Dii creavit and afterwards mention is made of God the VVord and Spirit of God And in the same Chapter Let us make Man in the plural number The Messiah they expect yet to come tho' 1. All the Promises of his coming are fulfilled 2. All the Prophecies accomplished 3. All the Types are answered 4. His Doctrine sealed with 1. Miracles 2. Holy Lives of its Professors 3. Patient Sufferings and Martyrdoms 4. The Accomplishment of his Prophecies or Predictions 5. Themselves are a living Evidence and Monument of his Indignation and their own unbelief as having lost their 1. Country 2. Kingdom 3. Temple 4. Sacrifices 5. Genealogies 6. They have been often deceived with meer Pretenders and disappointed 7. Sybills and Heathen Oracles have given Testimony hereto Next to God they highly reverenced the Prophet Moses R. Samuel Bar Nahman saith When Moses in writing the Law came to those words Let us make Man c. He cried out Lord of the World why dost thou give Men occsion of mistaking in thy most simple Unity And the Lord answered Write thou Moses and let him that desires to mistake mistake Menasse ben Israel Christian The Christians acknowledge One Only God Maker of Heaven and Earth but with distinction of Persons viz. Father Son and Holy Ghost Concerning which as a judicious and very Reverend Author of the Church of England is pleased to â—â—â—ress himself There are three distinctions in the Deity of which because the Scripture speaks in the same manner as we usually do of so many distinct Persons therefore since God is pleased so to accomodate the Mysteries to our Understanding as to speak of them in that manner it is both allowable and commendable in us to call them Persons But he would have us keep only to what the Scripture hath revealed about them without intermixing with them any of those unscriptural Notions which some Divines and School-men have added to them to explain them John Lord A. B. of Cantenbury in his Sermons concerning the Divinity c. of our Blessed Saviour God is One numerically One more One then any single Man is One If Unity could suscipere magis minus Yet God is so One that he admits of Distinction and so admits of it that he still retains Unity As He is One so we call him God the Deity the Divine Nature c. As He is distinguished so we call Him Trinity Persons Father Son and Holy Ghost In this Trinity there is One Essence Two Emanations Three Persons or Relations Four Properties innascibility or inemanibility to generate proper to the Father to be begotten proper to the Son to proceed proper to the Holy Ghost Five Notions innascibility to beget to be begotten to be breathed out to breath Mr. Hales Conf. of the Trinity Mahometan The Mahometans believe in and worship one God Eternal Almighty Maker of Heaven and Earth And that Jesus Christ was conceived by the breath of God in the Womb of the Virgin Mary That Jesus is a great Prophet but not the Son of God That he wrought Miracles and foretold to the Jews the coming of Mahomet under the Name of the Comforter M. de Thevenot That Jesus would come and judge the World c. Idem They Invocate the Saints Idem Acknowledge Seventy Angels Guardians to every Musulman The Turks are for Mahomet Ancient Heathen The Ancient Heathens worship'd One Only God supream above the rest who was therefore called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 frequently by Homer c. But they had many other Gods or Idols subordinate which they payed equal Worship and Adoration to making no distinction considerable between them in their Divine Honour There were 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Greater Coelestial Gods Eternal of these the Greeks reckoned Twelve Jupiter Juno Saturn Apollo the Sun Diana the Moon Mars Mercury Minerva Neptune Pluto Vulcan Venus The Romans added Vesta Coelus Ops Bacchus Hercules Ceres Janus 2. Deastri Dii Minores or Medloxumi Reporters and Transporters from Men to Gods from Gods to Men as Summanus President of the Manes Consus the God of Counsel Pan
for the Keble 4. A Pulpit 5. Mats on the floor 6. Alms-houses adjoyning to them commonly called Imaret 7. Cisterns of water Mahomet the 3d his Chapel in C. P. hath all the floors covered with mats and fine Turky Carpets his Tomb in the middle 8. Lamps often Seven principal Mosques upon 7 Hills in Constantinople the most stately is that of Sultan Soliman 700 in Fez in one of which are 900 Lamps No images or pictures of men women or beasts 23000 Mosques in Caire great and small M. de Thev Ancient Heathen 1. Hills and Groves For they held Temples unlawful because their Deities could nor be confined within walls Man's breast is a Temple well pleasing to God Demosth The whole world is a Temple for the Sun Alex. ab Alex. 2. Temples Wherein Consider 1. The form Some round some oblong some open-roofed 2. The situation Eastward and the windows opening Eastward to let in the Sun-beams 3. The Parts I. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the porch here was 1. An Altar for sacrifices 2. Sphnyx's image sometimes 2. Basilica the body of the Temple here was 1. An Altar for incense 2. Porticus Isles on the sides where they fixt their vows and did worldly business 3. Tholum in the Top where they hung pictures and dedicated spoyles 3. Adytum to which only Priests might come here was 1. An Altar for incense 2. Delubrum the place where the Idol stood or as some say a place to wash in Adjoyning to the Adytum were 1. Sacrarium a Sextry where were beds for the people to sit at feasts 2. Donarium where the gifts offered to the Gods called Anathema were placed The old Persians had no Temples but offered on the Tops of Hills The Pantheon at Rome was round and open at the Top 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. ☞ The Romans had no images for many years because Numa taught that God was a pure spirit c. 2. Images were first of clay then of metals Gold c. Modern Heathen The Chingulayes in Ceylon have Pagodaes Temples some of exquisite work of hewen stone engraven with images and figures others of later building only of clay and sticks and no windows some tiled some thatched Some one story high some two of these are three sorts 1. Vehars belonging to the Buddou God 1. The form foursquare like a pidgeon-house 2. The Furniture Images of men cross-leg'd with yellow coats like the Gonni Priests their hair Frizled and their hands before them like women 2. Dewals belonging to the other Gods 3. Covels or Jacchoes belonging to the Diautaus to Devils built by private persons who are themselves Priests In these two last are painted sticks Targets bills arrows spears swords images of monstrous shapes Cap. Knox. In some places are Gold and Jewels The Inhabitants of Guinea lay their Idols and offer their Sacrifices in Woods before great Hollow Trees The Persees call their Temples Eggarees The Bannyans Pagods are commonly under the Bannyan Trees Arbores de Rays i. e. de radicibus or as others call them ficus Indicae Sr. Th. Herb. Trav. The Indians have in all their Pagods an Oval flint-stone which they fetch from Ganges and worship as a God perhaps because they have heard that a circle is the most perfect of all figures Tavernier part 2. l. 2. c. 5. The Mexicans call their Temples Teucally i. e. God's House built of great stones in the fashion of Snakes tyed one to another on the top a fine pillar wrought with small stones as black as jett on the top of the pillar battlements c. Diabolical The Place of meeting which the Devil appoints for witches c. Is usually on some common or the middle of a Green Glanvil Dr. d ee had all his actions with spirits or most of them in his study and in his study or Oratory 1. A stone or stones brought him by a spirit called from its use a Shew-stone sometimes Principal stone first Sanctified stone a Chrystal c. In which a person qualified might see apparitions and hear voices And in it was often to be seen a Curtain or Veil as if the stone it self were some personated sanctuary 2. A Holy Table which is now preserv'd and to be seen in Sr. Tho. Cottin's Library 3. A Carpet 4. Table-Cloth 5. Cushion 6. Candlestick 7. Taper I make no Question but the Devil in all these things had a respect to the Ceremonial law especially Dr. Mer. Casaub pref to Dr. Dee's Actions with spirits In New-England the witch meeting was in a field near Salem Cotton Mather 3. Respect to places of Worship Jewish 1. None but the High Priest entered into the Holy of Holies and he but once a year 2. None but the Clean were to enter into the sanctuary And therefore on the pillars was writ Let no stranger enter into the Holy place 3. Whoso fled to the Temple and there laid hold upon the Horns of the Altar if guilty only of casual murder might not be taken thence Ex. 21.14 1. Kin. 2.28 4. No man was to carry any vessel through the Temple 5. The Synagogues had such inscriptions as these This is the gate of the Lord the righteous shall enter into it Prayer without attention is like a body without a Soul Silence is commendable in time of prayer 6. The Rulers made such Canons as these 1. That no man should go into the Temple with a staff 2. Or with his shoes on 3. Or till they had wiped the dust off from their feet 4. Or come with money tied up in a purse Or use a scrip or bag-purse 5. Or spit in the Temple 6. Or use any irreverent gesture there but go gravely to the place where they were to stand and neither sit lean or lye but stand only that being a praying posture Dr. Lightfoot Christian 1. They came into the Churh as into the palace of the Great King with fear and Trembling Chrysost Ep. ad Hebr. c. 9. 2. They used to wash their hands before they entered Idem Hom. 52. in Mat. 3. Emperours left their guards behind put off their crowns laid down their arms when they went to Church Dr. Cave Prim. Christian 4. They carried themselves there with the most profound silence and devotion The Choir of the Armenian Church at Egmasin was hung round with Venetian Tissue of Gold the pavement of both Choir and body of the Church spread with Tapestry for they all put off their shoes before they go into Church Nor do the Armenians kneel as in Europe but stand all the while upright Mons Tavernier l. 1. c. 3. The Abyssins have no seats in their Churches for they neither sit nor kneel but always stand at Divine service according to the Ancient Canons which the Greeks and Russes also observe to this day as believing it more becoming the reverence due to the place and more proper for attention then to sit Job Ludolphus Hist of Ethiop ch 6. To prevent weariness the Abyssins
are Tombs for his Wives and Children In another Chappel at C. P. lies buried Sultan Selim with his 37 Children about him his Grandfather In another Amaruth his Father with 45 Children only Emperors and Bassaes Thus others are buried in Fields with Marble Stones at the Head another at the Feet Ancient Heathen The Romans burned the Bodies of the Dead that the Soul might be purged in Fire before it ascended to the Stars Quintil. Declam 10. Yet they excepted from this burning the Bodies of Traitors Tyrants Killers of their Masters Feloes de se Young Infants The four first as profane the Infants as needing no purgation The Grave of an Infant was called Suggrundium of others Bustum The Egyptians and Persians used not burning At Funerals were used Orations Sword-plays and Feasts and a Doal among the Romans The Romans first buried in their private Houses To bury in the City was forbidden by a Law Hominem mortuum endo Vrbe nei sepelito neive urito in a Roman Edict it was prohibited to burn the Dead within two miles of the City The Rich were buried in their own Suburbane Fields where stately Monuments were erected on the sides of the publick ways as of the Via Flaminia the ground for so many Feet consecrated The Poor at Puticulae so called from the little Pits or Graves Among the Lacedemonians and in some parts of Greece and at last in Rome it self Burial was admitted within the City Lastly it was admitted in the Temples Amongst the Druids whatever was dear to Great Persons whilst living was sent to the Fire after them when dead viz. Living Creatures Servants or Clients Caes de Bell. Gall. Vide plura in Parte Secunda Modern Heathen In the East-Indies the Ceremony of Burying differs according to Places In some places they carry the Body cloathed in goodly Apparel sitting in a Chair with the beat of a Drum with the attendance of Friends and Relations and after the usual ablution the Body is surrounded with wood and the Wife who hath followed in Triumph hath her Seat prepared there where she places her self singing and seeming very desirous to die a Bramen ties her to a Stake in the middle of the Funeral Pile and sets fire to it the Friends pour Odoriferous Oyls into it In other places the Bodies are carried to the River-side put in the water and washed and then the Wife holding her Husband on her Knees and recommending her self to the prayers of the Bramen she desires him to set fire to the Pile In some places they fill deep Pits with combustible matter and throw the Body in and the Wife after she hath sung and danced to shew the firmness of their resolution and sometimes the Maid-slaves throw themselves after their Mistresses to shew their Love In other places the Husband is interred with his Legs a-cross and the Wife put into the same Grave alive and when the Earth is filled up to their Neck they are strangled by the Bramens The Woman being burnt with all their Ornaments of Gold Silver c. the Bramens pick up all that is precious out of the Ashes none else being suffered to touch them But the Mahometan Governours endeavour to suppress this Barbarous Custom M. de Theven They believe that when People die they go into another World and will have occasion for many of the same things they use here Courts Jewish 1. ECclesiastical the Synagogues Mat. 10.17 the end of them was to put a difference between things Holy and Unholy Clean and Unclean and to determine Controversies It was a Representative Church Mat. 18.16 Tell the Church They had Power of Excommunication which was of three Degrees 1. Niddui putting out of the Synagogue Joh. 9.22 It prohibited the Person for 30 days more or less 1. Society with any within four Cubits 2. Eating and Drinking with any 3. Use of the Marriage-Bed 4. Shaving Washing It allowed him To be at Divine Service To teach and be taught To hire Servants or be hir'd 2. Cherem Anathema done in publick with Curses and Candles 3. Schamatha Maranatha Excommunicatio in Secreto Nominis Tetragrammati an Excommunication to Death 1 Joh. 5.16 The President herein was the High-Priest next his Sagan 2. Civil 1. The Sanhedrim from whence was no Appeal The Place the Paved Chamber of the Court of the Temple Joh. 19.13 The Judges 71 in number out of every Tribe six except Levi and out of that but four Junius 2. The Lesser Consistory Two-fold 1. Consisting of 23 Aldermen two at Jerusalem one at the Door of the Court before the Temple the other at the Door of the Mount of the Temple and in most Cities one kept in the Gates 2. Of 3 Aldermen erected in lesser Cities in the Gates These sate not on Lise and Death Ancient Christian It is not to be expected that the Primitive Christians could have any Civil or Political Courts having as yet got no Civil Power or Government into their hands till the time of Constantine the Great And as for the Ecclesiastical neither could that be so regular and compleat as might be desired For though we read of the Synod of the Apostles Acts 15. Roman Caesarian Gallick Pontick Ostroenick Asiatick Arabick c. before the Reign of Constantine the Great yet no General Council till then viz. A. Chr. 325 kept at Nice called Oecumenick or General as afterwards at Constantinople Ephesus Chalcedon and two more at Constantinople all which are universally acknowledged and these were 1. Called by the then present Emperor 2. They were free for all Bishops Priests and Deacons I think I am in the right for at Nice there was an infinite number of all Degrees of Ecclesiasticks Bishops Priests and Deacons 3. They took upon them the Censure of Doctrines and Practices 4. They had power of inflicting Penalties of Suspension Deposition Excommunication The Civil Government was various according to the Places and Countries But whatever it was the Ecclesiastical Persons bore a part of the burden in many places the Common People often making application to them in cases of difference as St. Augustine frequently complains that he was over-charged with the trouble of Arbitrations between his Neighbours c. It being expected that they who were the Messengers of Grace and Peace should be both skilful and willing to promote Peace among their Neighbours Mahometan They who have place in the Divan are 1. Visiers 2. Cadilesquers 3. Beglerbegs 4. Nischangi viz. the Keeper of the Seals 5. Defterdais or Treasurers 6. Many Secretaries or Clerks 7. Capigi Basha and Chiaux Basha keep the Door All Persons of any Quality Country Religion may be heard here The Grand Visier sits as Judge A Tryal shall not last above four or five Hours at most here M. de Thev The Musti sits with the King every Day in Judgment except Friday when the King sits alone Rosse Persons here plead their own Causes Tavern Divano a Court near the Emperor's or Grand
High Creator of all things That the Bishop reads Prayers over the Child in Church before the Baptism and in the River at Baptism while the Godfather plunges the Child three times all over and then to Feasting Papists 1. Doctrines according to the Council of Trent I N. do with a stedfast Faith believe and profess all and every Point contained in the Symbol of the Faith that the Holy Roman Church doth use viz. To believe in God the Father Almighty Maker of Heaven and Earth of all things visible and invisible And in one Lord Jesus Christ the only begotten Son of God and born of the Father before all Worlds God of God Light of Light True God of True God begotten not made of the same Substance with the Father by whom all things were made who for us Men and for our Salvation came down from Heaven was Incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary and was made Man was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate suffered and was buried and rose again the third day according to the Scriptures and ascended up into Heaven sitteth at the right Hand of the Father and he shall come again with Glory to judge both the Quick and the Dead of whose Kingdom there shall be no end and in the Holy Ghost the Lord and Giver of Life who proceedeth from the Father and the Son who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified who spake by the Prophets and one Holy Catholick and Apostolick Church I confess one Baptism for the Remission of Sins and I expect the Resurrection of the Dead and the Life of the World to come Amen I do most stedfastly admit and embrace the Traditions of the Apostles and of the Church and all other Observances and Constitutions of the same Church I do likewise admit the Holy Scripture according to that Sense which our Holy Mother the Catholick Church hath holden and doth hold unto whom it doth appertain to judge of the True Sense and Interpretation of the Holy Scriptures neither will I ever understand nor interpret the same otherwise than according to the uniform consent of the Fathers I do also profess that there be truly and properly Seven Sacraments of the New Law and necessary for the Salvation of Mankind although they be not necessary for all Men viz. Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Pennance Extream Unction Orders and Matrimony and that these Sacraments do give Grace and that of them Baptism Confirmation and Orders cannot be reiterated without Sacrilege I do also receive and admit all the received and approved Ceremonies of the Catholick Church in the Solemn Administration of all the aforesaid Sacraments I do embrace and receive all and every of those things which in the Holy Council of Trent have been defined and declared touching Original Sin and Justification I do profess also that in the Mass is offered unto God a true proper and propitiatory Sacrifice for the Quick and Dead and that in the most Holy Sacrifice of the Altar there is truly really and substantially the Body and Blood together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ and that there is made a Conversion of the whole Substance of Wine into the Blood which Conversion the Catholick Church doth call Transubstantiation I do also confess that under either kind only is received Christ whole intire and the True Sacrament I do constantly hold that there it Purgatory and that the Souls which be there detained are holpen by the Prayers of the Faithful Also that the Saints who reign together with Christ are to be worshipped and called upon and that they offer up Prayers to God for us and that their Relicks are to be worshipped I do most stedfastly affirm that the Images of Christ of the Mother of God always Virgin and of other Saints are to be had and received and that due Honour and Reverence is to be given to them I do affirm that the Authority of Indulgencies was left by Christ in the Church and that the use of them is very behooveful to Christian People I do acknowledge the Holy Catholick and Apostolick Roman Church to be the Mother and Mistress of all Churches and do promise and swear true Obedience to the Bishop of Rome who is the Successor of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles and the Vicar of Jesus Christ All other things defined and declared by the Holy Canons and Oecumenical Councils and chiefly by the Holy Council of Trent I do undoubtedly receive and profess And also all contrary things and whatsoever Heresies condemned rejected and accursed by the Church I likewise do condemn reject and accurse This True Catholick Faith without which no Man can be Saved which now I do willingly profess and hold I the same I. N. do Promise Vow and Swear to hold and confess most constantly by God's help intire and uncorrupted even to the last end of my Life and to procure as much as shall lye in me that my Subjects or those of whom I shall have care in my Office shall accordingly teach and preach the same So God help me and these Holy Gospels of God Dr. James Library-keeper of Oxford out of Lewis de Grenado 's Sp. Doctrine 2. Vsages and Ceremonies and Traditions 1. In publick Prayers they use the Latine-Tongue 2. In the Commandments they make the First and Second One and divide the Tenth into Two 3. They distinguish Sins into 1. Mortal by which only they say the Commandments are broken which are 1. Pride 2. Covetousness 3. Leachery 4. Anger 5. Gluttony 6. Envy 7. Sloth 2. Venial Not contrary to the end of the Commandments i. e. to Charity e. g. an idle Word an officious or jesting Lie stealing of a Pin or Apple c. not killing but disposing to mortal Sin 4. They say 't is possible necessary and easie by the assistance of God's Grace to keep all the Commandments 5. That mortal sin is remitted by 1. Hearty Penance 2. Contrition 6. That venial sin is remitted by 1. All the Sacraments 2. Holy-water 3. Devout Prayer c. 7. The punishment Of mortal sin is Hell for ever 7. The punishment Of venial sin is Purgatory 8. That there are six Sins against the Holy Ghost 1. Despair of Salvation 2. Presumption of God's Mercy 3. Impugning the known Truth 4. Envy at others known good 5. Obstinacy in Sin 6. Final Impenitence 9. That there are four crying Sins 1. Wilful Murder 2. The Sin of Sodom 3. Oppression of the Poor 4. Defrauding VVork-men of their VVages 10. There be three principal Counsels of Christ to his Church 1. Voluntary Poverty 2. Perpetual Chastity 3. Obedience to another's will in all that is not Sin 11. There be six Commandments of the Church principally 1. To hear Mass on all Sundays and Holy-Days if opportunity serve 2. To Fast 1. Lent 2. Vigils commanded 3. Ember-Days and Fridays by custom of England 4. To abstain from Flesh on Saturdays 3. To confess
three Hours which Christ hung on the Cross 17. Uncovering the Chalice and signing it five times with the Host to signifie the rending the Veil of the Temple c. 18. Pater Noster said with a loud Voice to signifie the seven Mystical Words spoke by our Saviour with a loud Voice on the Cross 1. Father forgive them c. 2. To day shalt thou be with c. 3. Behold thy Mother Woman behold c. 4. My God c. 5. I Thirst. 6. Into thy hands c. 7. It is finished 19. Laying down the Host upon the Corporal and then covering the Chalice again to signifie taking Christ down from the Cross 20. The Priest is silent for a time to signifie our Saviour's Rest in the Grave 21. The Host divided into three parts his Body broken and divided into Hands Side and Feet 22. Signing the Chalice three times again with a particle of the Host and raising his voice saying Pax Domini c. 23. Putting a particle of the Host into the Chalice to signifie the reuniting of our Saviour's Body and Soul 24. Saying aloud Agnus Dei qui c. 25. Pax or Kiss of Peace given before Communion 26. Ite missa est The Host is offered Mass ended c. 27. The Priest lifteth up his hands and blesseth the People N. The Missal is the Book wherein the Mass is contained 19. The Office of our Lady concerning which observe 1. The Book in which it is contained the Primer 2. The Parts 1. Hymns 2. Psalms 3. Canticles 4. Antiphones 5. Versicles 6. Responsories 7. Prayers 3. The Time viz. seven Hours several The time of our Saviour's Passion 4. The Contents 1. Matins and Lauds a Commemoration of his Bloody Sweat and binding in the Garden c. 2. The first Hour his being led through the Streets at Jerusalem with the Indignities c. 3. The third Hour whipping crowning with Thorns c. 4. The ninth Hour drinking Gall and Vinegar dying c. 5. The Evening-Song his taking from the Cross c. 6. The Compline his Burial 20. Festival-Days 1. Of Christ 1. His Nativity Christmass 2. Circumcision New-years-day 3. Epiphany Twelfth-day 4. Purification the Presentation of Christ c. Before Mass of that Day the Church blesseth the Lights for the whole Year and makes a Procession with hallowed Lights in the hands of all the Faithful 5. Transfiguration 6. Resurrection or Easter-Day from Oriens the East 7. Ascension 8. Corpus Christi-day in honour of the real Presence The Eucharist on this Feast during the Octave is exposed to be adored in all the principal Churches of the World and great Processions are made in honour of it 9. Four Sundays of Advent 10. Septuagesima Sexagesima Quinquag Quad. 11. Passion-Sunday to prepare us for the approaching Passion 12. Palm-Sunday on which Day the Church blesseth Palms and make a Solemn Procession the People bearing Palm-branches in their hands 13. Dominica in Albis Low-Sunday the Octave of Easter-Day because on that Day the Catechumens were solemnly divested in the Church of their white Garments 2. Of our Blessed Lady viz. 6. The Conception Nativity Presentation Annunciation Visitation and Assumption of our Blessed Lady 3. Pentecost or Whitsunday 4. Trinity-Sunday 5. Other peculiar days 1. The Feast of St. Peter's Chair at Antioch viz. his installing there 2. Of his Chair at Rome viz. his Translation from Antioch c. 3. Of S. Peter and S. Paul together 4. S. Peter ad vincula Acts 12. 5. Michaelmass a Church on that Day in Rome was Dedicated to S. Michael by Pope Boniface 6. The Apparition of S. Michael he appearing on Mount Garganus where by his own appointment a Temple was Dedicated to him 7. All-Saints to beg the Patronage of all together 8. All-Souls to pray Souls out of Purgatory 9. Ashwednesday the Priest blesseth Ashes on this day wherewith he signs the People with a Cross on their Foreheads saying memento homo remember Man that thou art dust and to dust c. 10. Mandy Thursday in memory of our Lord's last Supper when he washed his Disciples Feet So called from Mandatum Novum do vobis the beginning of the Antiphon The Bishops on this day begin the Ceremony of washing the Peoples Feet 21. Good Friday Add two Holy Rood-days viz. Invention and Exaltation 12. Three days of Tenebrae before Easter 13. Rogation-week a week of publick Prayer and Processions for the temperateness of the weather c. from Rogo c. 14. Quatuor Tempora Ember-weeks 21. Orders of Monks or Friers whose Officers are Prior Provincial and General c. 1. Monks of St. Basil who abstain from Flesh of which not many in the Church of Rome but many in the Greek Church 2. Austine Friers or Eremites or Friers Mendicants viz. The First Order Other Branches of them are 1. Monks of S. Hierom in Spain especially Their Robe a white Cassok under a Tawny Cloak 2. Carmelites or Jacobines or white Friers from the Colour of their Habit. 3. Friers of S. Cross Crouched Friers their Robe is watchet and in their hands they carry the Figure of the Cross 4. Dominicans or Friers Praedicant who are to Preach the Gospelin all parts of the World called also Black Friers from the Colour of their Habit and are the third Order of Friers-Mendicants 3. Benedictines whose Habit is a loose black Gown reaching to the Ground with a hood of the same an under Garment of white Woollen and Boots on their Legs Other Branches 1. Monks of Clugnia from Clugny in Normandy 2. Carthusians from Carthusia a Town in Dauphine They Eat no Flesh live by couples labour with their hands watch pray and never meet together but upon Sundays 3. Monks of Cisteaûx so called from a place in Burgundy called by us white Monks as the common Benedictines black Monks from their Habit which was a white Cassock girt with a woollen Girdle the rest black 4. Celestines from Celestine the 5th c. 4. Franciscans from S. Francis of Assis in Spoleto who profess absolute Beggary are to carry no money about them nor more Victuals than will for the present serve for themselves and brethren The chief branches of them are 1. Minors from their humility Cordeliers by the French from the knotty Cord which they use for a Girdle Grey Friers by the English from the colour of their upper Garment These are the fourth and last of the Friers Mendicants 2. Minims who keep always a true Lenten Fast unless in sickness their Robe is a Dark Tawny with a Hood of the same hanging to the Girdle 3. Capuchins from their Cowl or Capuch who are to spend all their time in prayer generally thought to be the most devout of all 5. Jesuits neither simply Lay nor Priests nor merely Secular nor Regular but all together who are to vow not only Poverty Obedience and Chastity as the rest but Mission i. e. to go upon command of the Pope or General on any hazardous
Mexico drink no Wine and sleep little because most of their Exercises are in the night Purchas Chastity Jews FOrnication Adultery Drunkenness Gluttony Pride of Apparel c. are so far from being in request amongst the Jews in Barbary that they are scandaliz'd at the frequent Practice of these Sins in Christians Dr. Addison Christians The Chastity of the Primitive Christians appeared in these particulars 1. They would not Marry Justin Martyr saith There were many Christians in his time who for Sixty or Seventy years kept themselves uncorrupt 'T is very easie to find many amongst us both Men and Women who remain unmarried even in old Age. Athenag leg pro Christian Yet this without the Obligation of an Oath of perpetual Virginity 2. When they did Marry it is for no other end but the bringing forth and bringing up of Children As Husbandmen Till the Ground with respect to the Crop at Harvest Just Mart. 3. They seldom married twice Chrysostom's Mother at forty years old had lived twenty years a Widow Tertullian Cyprian Hierom Athenagoras c. did inveigh bitterly against second Marriages as little better than Adultery The ancient Canons as Zonaras tells in Can. 7. Conc. Neocesar suspended such as married twice from the Communion a whole year The Council of Laodicea requires That they should spend at least some small time in Penance in Fasting and Prayer before they be received to the Communion The Canons of the Apostles appoint That whoever after Baptism engaged in second Marriages is rendred uncapable of any Degree in the Ministry Can. 17. Note Digamy is 1. Two Wives at once Note Digamy is 2. One after the Death of another Note Digamy is 3. One after Divorce Of this some understand the Canons Note Digamy is 4. They shunned all Occasions c. 1. Going to Feasts c. Cyprian severaly chides with some Virgins for being present at Weddings where they laughed freely could not but hear loose Discourses see uncomly Carriages feed upon Luxurious Dishes all which must needs not only kindle but add Fewel to the Fire De Discipl had Virg. Constantine made a Law That Matrons should not be forced on the account of Debt to appear at publick Tribunals Cod. Theod. l. 1. Tit. 10. l. 1. St. Hierom doth as much commend some whom he knew who always kept at home on Festival-days to avoid the Crowd and Gazes of the People De Virg. The Council of Laodicea forbids all Christian Men using the same common Baths with Women Can. 30. Photius saith Justinian the Emperor made it a sufficient cause of Divorce and loss of Dowry for a Woman to Feast or Bathe in the Company of Men without her Husband's leave Cyprian would not have Ecclesiastick Persons and professed Virgins sleep near one another nor dwell together in the same House He commends Pomponius for suspending the Deacon and others for such Familiarity and ordered That they should not be absolved till after a sufficient Repentance c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 were Women brought in as Domestick Assistants to Ecclesiastick Persons especially such as were sent up and down to preach the Gospel Neither Wife nor Concubine but Attenders The Council of Antioch A. 272. under Aurelian Emperor condemns Paulus Samosatenus with his Presbyters and Deacons for keeping these introduced Women with horrible Inconveniencies Suspicion and Scandal St. Basil writes to a Presbyter seventy years old to abstain from the Company of a Woman he used to dwell with to avoid Scandal The Council of Nice forbids the same and universally the whole Clergy to have any Woman near them unless Mother Sister Aunt or such of whom there could be no Suspicion Can. 3. Honorius Emperor prohibits by a Law any Clergy-man whatsoever to keep company with these Extraneae strange Women limiting their Converse and Cohabitation within the very same Relations as the Nicene Canon Cod. Theod. l. 16. Bishops were to be deposed that entertain or cohabit with any Woman whatsoever Relation or Stranger Synops Basil l. tit 1. c. 41. St. Augustine would not cohabit with his own Sister Textor Domestick Marriage not openly made in the face of the Church were accounted no better than a State of Adultery and Fornication Tertull. de pudic c. 4. Their Ears they stopt against all loose and idle Songs filthy and obscene Discourses their Eyes they shut against all uncomely Objects wanton Pictures Clem. Al. Gorgonia when she lay under an acute and most dangerous Distemper yet resused to have any Physician come near her as blushing that any Man should see or touch her Nazianz. 2. Dancing and Musick The Fathers generally inveighed very bitterly against them None may Dance but the Daughter of an Adulteress but she who is Chast let her learn her Daughters Prayers not Dances Ambros What Modesty can there be where the Dancers shrick and make a noise together Idem Where the Timbrels sound the Pipes make a noise the Harp chatters the Cymbals strike together what fear of God can there be Hierom. in libr. contr Helvid Where wanton Dancing is there the Devil is certainly present for God hath not given us our Legs to dance but that we should walk modestly not skip like Camels but if the Body be polluted by dancing impudently how much more may the Soul be thought to be defiled The Devil danceth in these Dances Chrysost Hom. 49. in Mat. Men and Women together entering into common Dances having delivered their Souls to the drunken Devil wound one another with the pricks of unchast Affections Profuse Laughter is practis'd and filthy Songs meretricious habits inviting unto Petulancy are there used Laughest thou and delightest thou thy self with an arrogant Delight when as thou oughtest to pour out Tears and Sighs for what is past Singest thou whorish Songs casting away the Psalms and Hymns thou hast learned Dost thou stir thy Feet and caper furiously and dance unhappily when as thou oughtest to bend thy Knees to Prayer Basil in Orat. contr Ebr. Tzegedin cites several other Testimonies of S. Augustine c. and Councils and Canons against it De Choreis 5. They rather chose to suffer Torments and Death than the violation of their Chastity Domnina and her two Daughters Bernice and Prosdoce whom Chrysostom commends who being eminent for Beauty and Vertue were sought for as a Prey to Lust under the Diocle sian Persecution desired of the Souldiers leave to step out of the Road for some private occasion which granted they went and threw themselves into a River Chrysost Hom. 51. de S. Dom. Bern. c. Prosd Eusebius tells of the Wife of the Praefect or Governour of Rome a Christian sent for by Maxentius who was passionately enflamed with the love of her the Officers broke into the House to the terrour of her Husband She begged only so much time as that she might a little dress and adorn her self so she retired into the Chamber caught up a Sword and by a fatal stroke left nothing for
yearly they say he delivers three Slaves out of Malta M. de Thev Certain Mahometan Saints Sheh Mahomet a mad Man of Aleppo Vid. Oracles c. Sheh Boubae another mad Man Vid. Ibid. Scidibattal a Saint in Natolia Chederles another S. George according to the Legends one who killed a Dragon delivered a Virgin c. He hath a Temple at Theke Thoi the chief City of Capadocia c. for Travellers An old Woman having a Dog with her in her Pilgrimage to Mecha ready to die for thirst made Water in her Hand and gave it to the Dog whereupon she heard a Voice This day shalt thou be with me in Paradise and at the same time was caught up Body and Soul into Heaven Sedichasi in signification a Holy Conqueror Hetsempettesh The Pilgrim's Help Asclik Passa A Saint for Love-matters and in case of Barrenness Van Passa For Concord Scheyk Pasia For Trouble and Affliction Goi or Muschin or Bartsckin Passa For Cattle Any one that hath extraordinarily lived is accounted a Saint after death Purchas But above all the Mahometans Honour Mahomet among the Turks and Hanite a Commentator Mort is Haly Among the Persians their great Prophet and Patron also Hussan and Hossein his two Sons and more of Haly's first Successors to the number of twelve in all as also Schich Sofi the Institutor of their Sect and Tsafur Saduk Bannyans The Bannyans invocate holy Men fam'd for Vertue each Sect hath its peculiar Saint In Wars the Cutteries or Radicaes only call upon Bemohem The rich upon Mycasser he Poor upon Syer the Labourers upon Gunner the Married upon Hurmount c. Sir Tho. Herb. Persees in the East-Indies Zertoost is their chief Saint or Prophet who is said to be taken up into Heaven from whence he brought the Zundavastaw or the Book of their Law in his Left Hand and Coelestial Fire in the other Sir Th. Herb. Persians and Muscovians also devote their Children newly born to some Saint Chinese The Chinese have several Pausaos or Saints especially three Sichia Founder of all the Religious Orders Quanina a Female Saint third Daughter of K. Tzonton who having made a Vow of Chastity and being pressed by her Father to Marriage was shut up in a place and employed in carrying Wood and Water and weeding a great Garden Neoma a third She-Saint also who retired into an Island to avoid Matrimony c. Mandelsto Some account Confusius the chief Indians The Idolatrous Indians worship Ram Permissar Peremael Westnon c. whether as Gods or great Saints it is hard to say They have also an infinite number of Faquirs or Volunteer Penitents who are reputed Saints Tavernier They are quite naked Summer and Winter lodge on the Ground have Ashes spread under them as a Carpet or Mattress See more in Tavernier's Travels par 2. l. 2. c. 6. See Self denial Pilgrimage Jews I Do not know that the Jews use any Pilgrimage but certainly they have a great respect to Jerusalem and the Holy Land and contrive as well as they can to approach near it in their Old Age that they may have the less Journey to go at the resurrection being of Opinion That there will be the general Rendezvouse of all mankind Papists I need not say much of the Pilgrimages of the Papists it being sufficiently known to be much used as a point of Penance or Voluntary Worship among them Meritorious and Expiatory of sin Gaurs The Gaurs the Relicks of the Antient Persians have their principal Temple four days Journey from Kerman where their Chief Priest Resides whither they are once in their Lives obliged to go in Pilgrimage M. Taver l. 4. c. 8. Indians The Crews of Faquirs many times joyn together to go in Pilgrimage to the principal Pagods and publick Washings on certain days used in the River Ganges Idem Par. 2. l. 2. The most Celebrated Pagods in India are Jagrenate Banarous Matura and Tripati To the first of which on one of the Mouths of Ganges resort daily an incredible number of Pilgrims who bestow vast Alms upon it the Priest Taxing them according to their Ability before he suffers them to Shave or wash in Ganges The Pilgrims have Victuals distributed there to them every day Idem Par. 2. l. 3. c. 9. All the Idolaters under the Dominion of the Great Mogul and other Princes both on this side and beyond Ganges at least once in their Lives go on Pilgrimage to one of the Pagods afore-named Not one by one but whole Towns together the Poor that go a great way are supplied by the Rich who spend very freely in such Acts of Charity The Rich in Pallekies or Chariots the Poor on Foot or upon Oxen Carrying their Idols in respect to the Great Ram-Ram in a rich Palleky cover'd with Tissue of Gold and Silver c. the Bramins also distribute flabels to the most considerable the handles whereof are 8 foot long plated with Gold and Silver the flabel it self being 3 foot in diameter of Tissue likewise adorned round about with Peacock feathers to gather more wind and sometimes with bells to make a tinkling Six of these are usually employed to keep off the flies from their God the better sort taking it by turns Idem par 2. l. 3. c. 13. Mahometans The Turks to Mecha in whole Caravans from several parts of the world but most numerous from Cairo go in Pilgrimage and when devotion is to begin the H. Priest assisted by all the people belonging to the Law spends night and day in saying of prayers and performing the necessary ceremonies On the seventh day all the Pilgrims are assembled before the Sheck's Text who appears at the Entrance of it and standing on a low stool that may be seen by those that are distance puts a period to their Devotion by praying and blessing them with these words That God would enable them to return in peace as they came thither The Grand Senior sends a Tent and Carpet yearly and all Mahometan Princes some present Idem Mexico Mexico was a City of most Devotion in all India whither they Travelled from many places far distant in Pilgrimage Purchas Angels Jews I Have said already that the ancient Sadducees denyed the Existence of Angels The Pharisees did not The Modern Jews allow of them asserting some to be good some bad that there attend on particular Persons a good Angel on the Right-hand a bad one on the Left which take and give Account of their Actions to God Dr. Addison Besides they hold a distinct Order of Angels entrusted with the care of the whole Jewish Nation and that every Governor hath an Assisting Angel Idem Christians Angels are acknowledged by Greeks Muscovites Papists Protestants c. It is wont to be said The strange presages of Mind and warnings in Dreams wonderful effects in Men snatch'd away and Mountains and Buildings removed and demolished by Power Invisible real Apparitions to many Men at once Predictions of Oracles
Confessions and Exploits of Wizards and Witches do by Natural Argumentation prove the Existence of Angels If these be Tales then the Faith of almost all mankind is called in question the manifest proofs at publick and solemn Trials in Lancashire c. with which our undoubted Records abound are despised These Stories have been believed by Socrates plotinus Synesius Dion Josephus Pomponatius Cardan c. Not Idiots in Philosophy Dr. Tenison against Hobbs p. 62. Mahometans The Mahometans tell many and strange Stories of Angels as that Gabriel made the Spots in the Moon with his Wing by flying by it that Michael shall weigh Men's Souls in a Pair of Scales at the Second Sound of the Trumpet that at Israphel's first sounding of the Trumpet all Men and Women shall Dye and Revive again c. F. Simon c. Ancient Heathens The Pythagoreans and Platonists called the Middle Kind between the Immortal Gods and Men Daemons or Angels Who were a kind of Aetherial or Aerial Heroes but sometimes they distinguish'd them into those that were nearest to the Immortal Gods and those that were furthest off The former they called Heroes and the last good Daemons Marcil in Pythag. Carm. Hesiod calls them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cloathed with Air. Hierocles calls the Heroes Angels 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hierocl in Pyth. Carm. If once thou thinkest saith Maximus Tyrius speaking of Socrates's Daemon there are no such Beings thou must Proclaim War against Homer and Renounce Oracles and Prophecies and disbelieve Credible Reports and declare against Dreams with their Interpretations and at last bid adieu to Socrates Max. Tyr. Disser 26. Siam They holy that each Man hath two Spirits waiting on him a good and bad Rosse Tartars They feed Spirits by casting Mare's-milk into the Air or pouring it on the ground Paquet broke open vol. 1. Christians of St. John They believe that Angels and Devils are Male and Female and beget Children That the Angel Gabriel is the Son of God Engendred upon Light That he had a Daughter called Souret who hath two Sons That he hath several Legions of Daemons under him who are instead of Soldiers and others that are his Officers of Justice whom he sends from Town to Town and from City to City to Punish the Wicked Taver l. 2. c. 8. p. 92. Atheism Irreligion Soldania If that Maxim universum genus humanum colit Deum vel falsum fail any where here in Souldania it may for during the time I staid amongst them I saw no signs of any knowledge of God the Law of Nature scarce being observed no Spark of Devotion no Symptom of Heaven or Hell no place set apart for Worship no Sabbath for Rest Sir Tho. Herbert Trav. into Persia Indian Theers There are a Sect of Indians called Theers who are neither Pagans nor Mahometans for they have no Religion at all Their whole Employment is Scouring of Wells Sinks Common-Shoars and Privies Fleaing dead Beasts and Executioners They are an Abomination to the rest of the Indians who are to wash and purify after touching them Mandelslo's Travels p. 61. Fermosa The Inhabitants of Fermosa have very little if any Religion yet they have Pagods and Priestesses and believe the Immortality of the Soul Idem and Prayers and Sacrifices Cape of Good Hope Of all the People that ever I saw in all my Travels I never saw any so hideous nor so brutish as the Comaukes and those of the Cape of Good Hope whom they call Cafres or Hosentoles when they speak they make a noise with their Tongues like the breaking of wind backward hardly speaking articulately cover'd the Rich with Skins the Poor with nothing but a nasty Rag about their Privities when they bring forth a Male-Child the Mothers cut out his right Stone and presently give him Water to drink and Tobacco to eat this is to make them swifter to run for they will catch a Roe-Buck running They neither know what belongs to Gold nor Silver and for Religion they have none among them Tavernier Part 2. l. 3. c. 26. Neither Men nor Women are asham'd to shew their Nakedness for indeed they are but a sort of Human Beasts Idem This place the Cape of Good Hope furnishes me with an Observation that I have not before met with i. e. that there are Nations which have no Notions of a Deity nor any footsteps of Worship and Adoration Anonym Pegu and Siam The common People in Pegu and Siam offer Sacrifices to the Devil Papists John King of England having received an Overthrow in France said in great Anger Nothing hath ever prospered with me since I was reconciled to God and the Pope Baker 's Chron. The same King being on a time a Hunting and afterwards opening a fat Buck said See how fat he is and yet I dare say he never heard Mass Idem Julius Caesar Vanin Suffered as an Atheist Dr. Tenison Superstition Jews THE Jews are very Superstitious and much addicted to little Observations Gaurs The Gaurs eat no Hares because they have their Monthly Purgations like Women For the same reason they never eat Mulberries believing that they partake of the Nature of Women and Hares If when they Comb their Hair or Beards any one Hair happens to fall upon their Clothes those Clothes must be washed in the Stale of a Cow or Ox to purifie them again If they touch any Ordure or Nastiness they must wash in the same Urine If a Priest meets a Dead Corps on the High-way and chances to see it he is obliged to wash in Cows-piss M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. Indians One Tribe of the Idolatrous Indians are so superstitious that they carry their Oval Flints representations of their God about their Necks and thump them against their Breasts when they are at their Devotions Idem Part. 2. l. 2. c. 5. Japonese The Great Dairy of Japon so soon as he is Crowned by the Bonzes who are the Priests and Lawyers is then no more to expose himself to the light of the Moon nor to shave his Head or cut his Nails Tavernier's Collect. p. 2. There is no Nation under Heaven more fearless of Death or more inclined to Cruelty If any Prince or great Lord makes a Feast for his Friends at the end of the Feast he calls his principal Officers and asks them If there be any that hath so much love for him as to kill himself before the Guests for his sake presently there arises a dispute among them who shall have the Honour and whoever the Prince is pleased to Name rips up his Belly with a Cric which is a kind of Dagger the point whereof is poison'd This Custom is also practis'd upon the Death of their Masters or when they lay the Foundation of any Palace for they are so superstitious as to believe that these Victims are necessary to render both the Owners of the Buildings and the Habitation fortunate Idem Relat. of Japon p. 4. Papists It may seem superfluous
Fotique at Tenchday if Fame speak truth Satan oftentimes made an Apparition Sr. Tho. Herbert Amboyna In Amboyna they assemble 20 or 30 together to consult with the Devil whom they call Nito and who appears often to them in the shape of an ordinary person and pronounces his Oracles Mandelslo Oracles Soothsaying Divination Prophesying Ancient Jews THere were four several ways by which the Divine Will was made known to the Ancient Jews and their Neighbours 1. By Dreams as in the Case of Abimeleck Gen. 20.3 6. of Laban Gen. 31.24 of Jacob Gen. 31.10 c. of Joseph Gen. 37.5 the Butler and Baker in prison Pharaoh the man in Gideon's host Solomon Daniel Nebuchadnezzar c. 2. By Vision where the man was rapt into an Ecstacy his spirit suspended from all sensible communication with the body and entertained with supernatural light as in the case of the prophets c. 3. By Vrim and Thummim an Oracle resulting from the letters engraven upon the H. Priest's Pectoral to which the Jews in all important Doubts resolved 4. By Thunder and a voice from Heaven Author of the lively Oracles c. Images made to the stars according to the Chaldeans had a faculty of foretelling future things which is an exact description of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Talismans so much in request among the Heathens such as the Palladium of Troy they are by the Jews called Davids Bucklens and are much of the same nature with the Teraphim Ancient Christians Amongst the Christians tho God hath sometimes revealed his will by Dreams as to Joseph in the case of the Blessed Virgin and the Child Jesus and afterwards tho' no Christian to the wife of Pilate and in aftertimes to some of the Fathers and Primitive Christians as S. Cyprian if he be not too fanciful had many of them and sometimes by vision as in the instance of S. Paul c. sometimes too by a voice from Heaven yet the only ordinary way they expected a resolution of their doubts from was the sacred Scriptures as a sure rule and word of Prophecy 2. Pet. 1.19 Ancient Heathens That Oracles were in great request among the old Pagans is notorious as well as Divination and Prediction Concerning all which observe 1. Of Oracles That they were not only given to those that made inquiry and propounded a Question The answer was made by the Priest of the place who lay hid in some Cavity and upon pretence of inspiration with some odd praeludium of noise or tone with respect to their own humours or the will of their Prince they made their answers not without much ambiguity and imposture The most antient were that of Jupiter Hammon in Libya and of Dodona in Greece Afterwards we read of the Oracle of Pythia and Delphos as the most Eminent The Prophornium that of Amphiareus the Branchidae in Milesia and the Sabaeum in Phocis c. They were much Enriched with Presents 2. Of Divination that there were several Kinds thereof as inspection into the Intrals of Beasts observation made upon the feeding of Birds and the Flight of the Fowls in the Air c. 3. Prediction sometimes by Priests sometimes by Sibylls Mahometans They account mad Men as Oracles and Saints whose Souls are in Heaven talking with God and if such strike or rob them they take it in good part saying They shall have good Luck after it They erect stately Monuments over their Graves as at Aleppo over the Grave of one Sheh Boubat who being mad went always naked where to this day are Lamps burning day and night and many Dervise◠there maintained to look to his Sepulchre and to receive the offerings of such as come every week out of Aleppo Purchas The same account they make of one Sheh Mahamed a mad Man yet living in Aleppo going naked with a Spit on his Shoulder Idem By the Law of Mahomet Sooth-sayers are imprisoned and yet in Fez are many of that Profession Rosse Persians The Persians are very inquisitive after the time to come consulting the Astrologers like Oracles the King hath always two or three by him to tell him the good and bad hour There is an Almanack called Taouim fold every year in Persia containing the Longitudes and Latitudes of the Planets the Conjunctions and Oppositions c. is fold of Predictions about Wars Sickness c. directs when to put on new Cloaths to let Blood Purge Travel c. to which they give great credit Others to know the success of their Affairs go to a Moulah who opens the Alcorah and tells them the issue of the business muttering over some strange Words as one told a Gardiner He should get by an Ox which he was to buy but quite contrary the Ox died on his Hands within three days They use a sort of Divination called Rambe by even or odd the Masters whereof called Ramals keep Shops on purpose to delude the People They have also Interpreters of Dreams Tavernier l. 5. c. 14. New-England We have been advised by some Credible Christians yet alive That a Malefactor accused of Witchcraft as well as Murder and Executed in this place Boston more than 40 Years ago did then give notice of An Horrible Plot against the Country of Witchcraft and a foundation of Witchcraft then laid which if it were not seasonably discovered would probably blow up all the Churches in the Country and we have now with horror seen the discovery of such a Witchcraft an Army of Devils broke in upon the place c. Cotton Mather 's Wonders of the invisible World Mexicans Cortez the Spaniard drawing near to Mexico Matezuma the Emperor feared saying These are the People which our Gods said should come and inherit this Land He went to his Oratory and there shut up himself alone abiding eight days in Prayer and Fasting with Sacrifices of many Men to asswage the fury of his offended Deities The Devil bids him not to fear and that he should continue those bloody Rites assuring him That he should have the Gods Vitzliputzi and Tesoatlipuca to preserve him saying That Quezalouatle permitted the destruction at Chololla for want of that bloody Sacrifice Purchas Modern Heathens The Chingulaes in case of Sickness to know what God or Devil is the Author hang an instrument like a pair of Sizers used to cut Betel-nuts upon a Bow-string and holding the Bow at both ends repeat over the names of the Gods and Devils and when the name of him that afflicted them is mentioned the Iron on the String swings Capt. Knox. In Guinea and the East-Indies when the King sacrificeth the Fetissero comes to a Tree and in a heap of Ashes there provided sticks the branch of a Tree and drinking out of a Bason spouts it upon the Branch and then dawbs his Face with the Ashes after which the Devil out of the Tree gives answer to the King's Questions View of the Engl. Acquis in Guinea and the East-Indies They have in Guinea certain
Paradise 70000 in Number each 7000 Miles long That there is a Table of Admant 700000 days Journey long and broad with Seats of Gold and Silver about it to Feast on Ancient Heathens Socrates held That the Souls of Men were Divine and had two ways to go when separated from the Body the wicked Excluded from the Communion of the Gods the Good and Chast went again to the Gods from whence they came Cic. 1. Tusc de Acad. Heathens Ancient Greeks Romans 1. For Punshment They assigned a place called Tartarus concerning which consider 1. It s Name Tartarus quia Multae ibi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sive perturbationes Nat. Com. l. 3. Erebus ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tenebrae 2. It s Antiquity Most Antient Coetaneous with the Night and the confused matter of the World Aristoph in Avibus 3. It s Scituation viz. As far distant from the Earth as Earth from Heaven 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hesiod A piece of Iron would be ten days in falling to it 4. It s Description 1. Walls of Brass a Gate of Iron with many Bars 2. Rivers four in Number which Styx runs round Hell nine times Dict. qu. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Odiosus Styx Acheron Phlegethon Cocytus 3. Officers of several kinds 1. The God Plutus 2. The Judges three Aeacus Minos Rhadamanthus 3. The Ferriman Charon 4. The Porter Cerberus 5. The Destinies Parcae Clotho Lachesis Atropos 6. The Furies Eumenides 4. Punishments various rolling a Stone up a Hill drawing Water with a Sieve c. 2. For reward of Vertue They assign'd a place in the Elysian Fields or among the Stars or in the Retirements of Heaven among the Gods Many of those who suspected their Souls to be Eternal as if they were to pass streight to Heaven laid violent hands on themselves as Cleanthes and Chrysippus Zeno and Empedocles Of the Romans Cato Vticensis who taking it ill that Pompey was vanquish'd by Caesar stabbed himself with his own Sword having first read Plato's Phaedon concerning the Souls immortality Textor ex Lactant. CAMPI-ELYS II. Lethe Fluvius de quo bibebant animae ante discessum viz. Metempsychosin Huc ad omnimodam voluptatem transferebantur animae post Purgationem in Tartaro Tartarus Ixion Sisyphus Tantalus Orcus Aello Ocypete Celaeno Belides Dice Nomia Eyrene â—ora Harpyae Morpheus Nox Judices Pluto Proserpina Parcae Minos Rhadamanthâ—s AEacus Eumenides Dirae Clotho Lachesis Artropos Alâ—â—â—o Megaeâ— Tisiphone Chimaera Cerberus Cocytus Phiegethon Styx Acheron Charon Mors Modern Heathens The Persees believe the Metempsychosis or passage of Souls into Beasts e.g. the Souls of Drunkards or Epicures into Swine the Lustful and Incestuous into Goats and Dogs the Dissemblers into Apes Crocodiles and Foxes the Lazy into Bears the Wrathful into Tygers the Proud into Lions the Blood-thirsty into Wolves Ounces and Snakes the Perjured into Toads c. But the Souls of Good Men Abstemious Pitiful and Courteous into Kine Buffaloes Sheep Storks Doves Turtles c. Touching the last Judgment they hold it shall be more dreadful than the other the Moon will look as Red as Blood the Sun will shed his light like purling Brimstone after which will follow an universal flashing with Fire and loud Thunders then a flaming Redness will over-spread the Heavens and the four Elements shall maintain a dreadful Fight so long and so fiercely one against another that at last all will be resolved into a dreadful confusion the Souls of such as were good Men Ruddery one of their Prophets is to transport into Heaven the wicked must Perish but the Bodies of both rise no more being too incredulous of the Resurrection Sir Tho. Herbert's Travel into Persia Siam In Siam they believe that the Good are rewarded and Wicked punished That the World shall stand 8000 years and then be burn'd to Ashes whence shall come forth two Egs and out of them one Man and one Woman who shall replenish the Earth again Rosse Pegu. In Pegu they believe Transanimation that some Souls shall live in Carnal Pleasure after Death some in Torment some Annihilated Also multitudes of Worlds succeeding each other that this World hath been Govern'd by Four Gods already who are gone the fifth not yet come after whose Death the World shall be burn'd Idem Magor They also hold Transanimation of Souls Idem As do also the Tartars in Cathay Cambaia Here also they are so Superstitiously Pythagoreans that some of their Religious Orders are afraid to Kill a Gnat or Worm Idem They will not drink their Water cold left they should slay the Soul of the Water which they think is quicken'd by boyling Idem They are afraid to tread upon Ants and will eat no Egs lest there should be Blood in them Malabar These People also are Pythagoreans and hold not only the Immortality and Transanimation of the Souls of Men and Beasts but a kind of Divinity in Elephants Kine c. Idem Japan In Japan they believe diverse Paradises to which every peculiar God carrieth his own Worshippers to obtain which many drown themselves some cut their own throats or break their Necks some in narrow Holes receive breath only by a Cane and so continue Fasting and Praying till they die Idem They have a Feast in which they burn a multitude of Candles at their Doors and walk all night up and down the streets to meet the Souls of their Friends lately departed before whom they set Meat and Drink and invite them to their Houses that in their three years Journey to Paradise they may not faint for want of Provision Idem Some say they hold a Transmigration as do also the Chinese c. In Canada in America they believe that their Souls shall ascend into the Stars and go down with them into a Paradise of Pleasure Rosse Christians of St. John They believe there is no other future World but where Angels and Devils the Souls of Good and Bad reside That in that World are Cities Houses and Churches and that the Evil Spirits have also Churches where they Pray Singing and Rejoycing upon Instruments and Feasting as in this World That when any one lies at the point of Death 360 Demons come and carry his Soul to a place full of Serpents Dogs Lions Tigers and Devils The Soul of a wicked Man is torn in pieces of a just Man creeps under the Bellies of these Beasts into the Presence of God who sits in the seat of Majesty to Judg the World That there are Angels also that weigh the Souls of Men in a Ballance who being thought worthy are admitted immediately into Glory M. Tavernier l. 2. c. 8. p. 92. Gaurs The Priests of the Gaurs have several Books full of small Pictures in Water-colours ill done representing how the several sins of Men shall be Punished in Hell especially Sodomy which they abominate Idem l. 4. c. 8. If any of them fall sick they hire poor People to go and find out Adders Serpents Lizards Toads Frogs
Womb 70 years without losing her Virginity he exhorted the Grandees to build Hospitals in all Cities Agreeing much with Chacabout in Doctrine Taver Mahometans I Believe 1. That there is but one God and that there is no number in him 2. That Mahomet is the Messenger of God the most excellent and last of all the Prophets That the Christian Religion was to Cease at his Appearance 3. That Jesus Christ was a great Prophet Inspired by the Spirit of God 4. That God is a Being of great Perfection 5. Angels are Executioners of God's Commands without Sex different in Dignity and appointed to several Offices as well in Heaven as Earth 6. Good and Evil only happen because God hath Fore-ordain'd them having writ on a Table from all Eternity things that are and are to be 7. There shall be a general Resurrection of the Dead But before that 1. Anti Mahomet must come 2. Jesus shall come from Heaven to Kill him and Establish Mahometanism 3. Gog and Magog c. 4. A Beast is to come out of Meccha 5. All Living Creatures shall Die Hills fly into the Air the Heavens melt and drop upon the Earth Then shall God renew the Earth and raise the Dead naked but Saints and Prophets clothed and carried by Angels to the Empyrean Heavens 8. The Bad shall suffer Hunger Thirst painful Sweating c. 9. The Pains of the Wicked shall be proportioned to their Merits but shall not last above 50000 years 10. That at the day of Judgment S. Michael with be a Ballance shall weigh the good and bad Actions of Men. 11. They whose good Deeds out-weigh their Bad shall go to Paradise 12. There is a particular Judgment at Death to distinguish the Mussulman from Unbelievers F. Simon out of a Mahometan Dr. Ancient Heathen I Believe in one Supreme God who presides over all the rest who seeth and Governs all things in all places And in as many more Inferior Gods as our Magistrates and Laws shall require us to believe in That the Law of Nature and Reason is the ordinary Rule of our Manners And the Laws of the Nation Of our Religigious Worship That our Souls are Immortal and shall survive our Bodies That they who have defiled themselves with Vice their Souls at Death shall be secluded from the Society of the Gods and be tossed about the Earth but they who have lived well and honestly and have imitated the Lives of the Gods the Souls of these Men shall go to the Stars or Gods from whence at first they came This is extracted especially out of Cicero and Somn. Scip. Diabolical Their Creed is nothing but a Reverse of the Orthodox Faith an open Profession or secret Practice contrary to the Truth which must needs be so pregnant with Blasphemy that it will not be safe to exhibit a Copy of it to common View The Bannyans I Believe that a God of Immense Power Eternal and Provident in the beginning Created the whole World that he made the first Man by Name Pourous and for his Society Created the first Woman Parconty both so innocent that they would not cut any thing that had a Sensitive Life but fed upon Herbs and Fruits that from them sprung two couple of Boys Bramon Cuttery Shuddery and Wise the first a Priest the second a Warrior the third a Merchant the forth a Peasant which Peopled the four Parts of the World but upon their Impiety the World was Destroyed by a Deluge That afterwards upon Mount Meropurbatea God gave the Shaster to Bremaw in Clouds and Lightning for a rule of Living Mr. Hobbes's I Believe that God is Almighty matter that in him are three Persons he having been thrice represented on Earth that it is to be decided by the Civil Power whether he Created All things else That Angels are not Incorporeal Substances but preternatural Impressions on the Brain of Man that the Soul of Man is the Temperament of his Body that the very Liberty of Will in that Soul is Physically necessary that the Prime Law of Nature in the Soul of Man is Self-Love that the Law of the Civil Soveraign is the only obliging Rule of Just and Unjust that the Books of the Old and New Testament are not made Canon and Law but by the Civil Powers that what is written in these Books may be denied upon Oath in times of Persecution That Hell is a tolerable condition of Life for a few years upon Earth to begin at the general Resurrection and that Heaven is a blessed Estate of good Men like that of Adam before his Fall beginning at the general Resurrection to be from thence-forth Eternal upon Earth in the Holy Land Dr. Tenison Precepts or Commands Mahometan THeir Law is divided into eight Precepts or Commandments 1. There is but one God and his Prophet Mahomet 2. Children must be Dutiful to their Parents 3. Neighbours must Love each other 4. They must Pray five times every day 5. A Lent of thirty days is to be kept every year 6. They must be Charitable and give Alms to the Poor 7. Every one must Marry by twenty five years of Age. 8. They must abstain from Murder Pacquet broke open vol. 2. F. Simon makes Five Articles thus 1. There is one God 2. Mahomet is his Messenger 3. They must be exact in Prayers and Alms-deeds 4. And in the Fast of Ramazan 5. And in their Pilgrimage to Mecha Bannyans Their Moral Law hath eight Commandments most of which agree with the Seven which R. Solomon saith Noah taught the World in his time called Noah-Cady 1. Thou shalt not destroy any living Creature for thou and it are both my Creatures 2. Thou shalt not sin in thy five Senses Eyes not beholding Vanity Ears stopt in hearing Evil Tongue uttering no Filthiness Pallat hating Wine Flesh and all live things Hands abhoring all things defiled 3. Thou shalt duly observe set times of Devotion as Praying Washing Elevation Prostration c. 4. Thou shalt not Lie nor Dissemble 5. Thou shalt not be hard-hearted but helpful to others 6. Thou shalt not Oppress nor Tyrannize 7. Thou shalt observe certain Festivals and Fasting days 8. Thou shalt not Steal Sir Tho. Herb. Trav. into Persia out of their Shaster Persees 1. For Behedens or Lay-men 1. Cherish Modesty 2. Cherish Fear 3. Premeditate what you are to do if bad reject it if good c. 4. Let every day's object move to thankfulness 5. Pray daily to the Sun and nightly to the Moon 2. For the Herboods Daroos or Priests Besides those of the Beheden which they are to observe 1. Be constant to the form of Worship in the Zundavastaw 2. Covet not what is another man's 3. Abhor Lies 4. Be not worldly minded 5. Learn the Zundavastaw by rote 6. Keep your selves free from Pollution 7. Teach the Laity how to Comport themselves in Adoration 8. License Matrimony 9. Be frequent at Church 10. Forgive Injuries 11. Upon pain of Life Eternal
because then the Face is disfigured on the second because then the Body begins to Putrify and on the twentieth because then the Heart Corrupts Some build Huts over the Grave and cover them with Mats because the Priest Morning and Evening for six Weeks Prays over the Grave The D. of Holstein's Embas Travels Lutherans The Lutheran Women Mourn in White Dr. Brown's Trav. p. 169. Tartars When a Sick Person lies dangerously ill they send for a Moullah who comes with the Alcoran which he opens and shuts three times saying certain Prayers and laying it upon the Sick Person 's Face if the Sick Person recover 't is attributed to the Sanctity of the Alcoran and the Moullah is Presented with a Sheep or Goat If he die all his Kindred meet and carry him to the Grave with great Testimonies of Sadness crying continually Alla Alla. When he is Interr'd the Moullah mutters certain Prayers over the Grave and is paid for his Pains according to the Wealth of the Heirs For the Poor he generally spends three days and three nights in that Exercise for the Rich he as usually spends a Month never stirring all the while from the Grave and sometimes seven or Eight M. Tavernier l. 3. c. 13. Circassians and Comanians At their Funerals the near Relations or Friends of the Dead cut their Faces and some other parts of their Bodies with sharp Flints others Prostrate themselves upon the Ground and tear their Hair so that when they return from the Burial they are all of a gore Blood However notwithstanding all this Affliction they never Pray for the Dead Idem l. 3. c. 12. Gaurs When the Gaurs are Sick they send for their Priests to whom they make a kind of Confession whereupon the Priests enjoyn them to give Alms and other good Works to gain Pardon of their Sins They neither Burn nor Bury but carry the Corps without the City to a Wall'd place where are abundance of Stakes about 7 or 8 foot high fixt in the Ground and tie the Dead Corps to one of the Stakes with his Face towards the East The People falling to their Prayers till the Crows come which those Coemeteries draw to them If the Crow fasten on the right Eye they believe the Person to be happy and for joy give large Alms and make a Feast in the Field but if upon the left Eye they return home sad without speaking to one another give no Alms nor Eat nor Drink Idem l. 4. c. 8. When a Man is just breathing his last they put the Mouth of a Dog to the Mouth of the Person Dying and cause him to Bark twice in that posture that the Soul of the Deceased may enter into the Dog who they say will deliver it into the hands of the Angel appointed to receive it When any Dog dies they carry him out of the City and Pray to God for the Carrior Idem Armenians When an Armenian Dies the Mordichou one whose Office it is to wash the Dead fetches from Church a Pot of Holy-water puts in into a great Vessel of Water in which he puts the Corps and washes it then they dress it with a new white shirt breeches wastcoat bonnet put it in a linnen Sack carry it to Church with every one a Taper in their hand there the Priest saith certain prayers sets up lighted Tapers round the Corps and so leaves it all night Next morning the Bishop or Priest saith Mass and then carry the body before the door of the Bishop's house where the Bishop comes forth and saith a prayer for the soul of the deceased then 8 or 10 of the poorer sort carry the body to the Church-yard the Priests Singing Dirges all the way till the body is let down into the grave the Bishop throwing 3 handfuls of Earth into the grave saying from Earth thou camest to Earth thou shalt return and stay there till our Lord comes Their feasts afterwards for Priests and poor are chargeable for 7 days together believing no soul departed can be saved without it Tavernier l. 4. c. 13. If a slave dies the Master writes a note let him not grieve I make him free In Mexico The Pagans buried their dead in gardens or on mountains sometimes they burn'd the body and if he was a great man they killed his chaplain and his officers to attend him and buryed his wealth with him that he might not want in the other world Ross The Priest used to attire himself at these funerals like a Devil with many mouths and glass-eyes and with his staff stir'd and mingled the ashes When the King died the Priests were to Sing his Elogies and to sacrifice 200 persons to serve him Idem Armenians When we were at Breakfast news came that a certain Bishop was dead in his return from the three Churches whither he was sent by the Patriarch to gather certain duties due from the Villages Immediately the Arch-Bishop rising from Table with all his Assistants and having made a prayer for the dead sent a Bishop and six Monks to fetch the Corps who returning a little after midnight the body was presently laid in the Church upon a Carpet spread upon the ground with the face turn'd toward the Altar In the mean time a great number of Wax-Tapers were lighted and all the rest of the night two Monks watch'd by turns to pray for the dead The next morning early the Arch-Bishop the Bishops and all in Religious orders said the Office for the dead which lasted half an hour and at the end of the Mass they brought the Corps to the Altar so that they made the feet of the Corps to touch it Then they took off the linnen cloth that cover'd his head at which time the Arch-Bishop anointed him in six places with holy oyl saying certain prayers every time Then they cover'd him again and said other prayers which lasted half an hour Then they carryed the Corps out of Church with Grosses and Banners and every one a Taper in his hand As the Corps pass'd by one of the Bishops put a paper in his right hand containing these words I came from the Father and I return to the Father Being brought to the grave upon a little mountain near the Covent and set down they said other prayers which lasted a quarter of an hour In the mean time a Bishop going down into the grave took away all the stones and made the place smooth after which the Corps was let down wrapt in a large linnen sheet Then the Bishop according to the Custom raised his head a little higher than his feet turning his face to the East Which done the Arch-Bishop and Assistants took every one a handful of Earth which the Arch-Bishop bless'd and gave it to the Bishop who strewd it over the body Then the Bishop coming out again the grave was filled up M. Tavernier l. 1. c. 4. p. 18. Nestorians Armenians and Jacobites At Bagdat if a Christian dies all the rest
washed and anointed 2. 'T is carried to Church the Bearers by the way resting three times to signifie Christ's resting in the Grave 3. Holy Water and Frankincense is put into the Grave to keep out evil Spirits c. 4. He is buried with green Bays to shew the Immortality of the Soul 5. With the Face upward and his Feet toward the East to shew his Expectation of Heaven and his readiness to meet Christ in the Resurrection from the East Note 1. Every Christian buried out of the Church or Church-yard hath a Cross set at his Head to shew that he was a Christian 2. Clergy-Men in Orders are buried in the habit of their Orders 3. All are wrapt in Linnen because Christ was so 4. Some also in Sack-cloth to shew their Repentance 5. Antiently the names of Holy Men were registred in Scrolls or folding Tables called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dypticks which words the Latin Church retained Dr. Holyday on Juven p. 173. saith The Dypticha were two Tables containing the names of especial Persons some alive and some dead some Vertuous some Vicious Read in time of Divine Service amongst the Primitive Christians for the determent of bad c. and the Bishops kept them and publickly read them in time of Divine Service to shew that the Just shall be had in everlasting remembrance 6. Prayers for the Dead are only for such as are in Purgatory i. e. who died in Venial Sins unrepented of 7. There is neither Gloria in excelsis nor Hallelujahs used in the Office for the Dead Mr. Rosse out of Aleninus c. Roman The Roman Catacombs are without the Walls of the Town according to the Law of the twelve Tables yet they seem to run under it viz. vast Caves in the Rocks made use of as Repositories of dead Bodies where they were thrown and there putrified putuerunt thence called Puticoli where the meanest sort of the Ronan Slaves were laid Dr. Burnet's Letters who discourses upon them at large Guinea In Guinea they bury Gods of Straw with their Dead that they may accompany them in the other World Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Mexico The Priests in Mexico interr'd the Dead the places where they buried them were their Gardens and Courts of their own Houses others carried them to the places of their Sacrifices in the Mountains others burnt them and after buried the Ashes in the Temples They sung the Funeral Offices like Responds often lifting up the dead Body with many Ceremonies at these Mortuaries they did eat and drink and if it were a Person of Quality they gave Apparel to such as came the Friends saluted the Person as if he were living for a King or Lord they put some Slaves Cook Butler c. to death with him to serve him in the other World they give him Ornaments also the Obsequies continued ten days c. Purchas out of Acosta Guiana In some parts of Guiana when the Flesh of the Dead is worn off by Putrefaction they hang up the Soâ—leton in the Chamber or House where the Party died decking the Scull with Feathers of divers Colours and hanging Jewels and Plates of Gold about the Arm and Thigh-Bones S. Clark A Table of Heresies and Errors or at least different Opinions from what is asserted in the Column of Orthodoxy Orthodoxy Heresies and Errors THere is One God ATheist Diagoras Theodorus c. There is no God Julius Caesar Vanin suffered as an Atheist  Polytheists Pagan There are many Gods  Gnosticks Two Gods  Marcionites Two Gods one maker of the World bad the other good  Manichees Two Gods One good 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the other bad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Valentinus Thirty Gods or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 divided into several Syzygiae  Basilides One Chief Power 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Without Body Parts Passions Anthropomorphites With a body ' parts and passions as a man  Meletonii With a body c.  Mahometans Of a Corporeal Essence with a Soul  Hobbes God is Almighty matter Who created the World viz. Heaven and Earth of nothing and all things therein Aristotle The World was Eternal  Hermians Seleucians Matter was co-eternal with God So the Muggletonians say of Earth and Water  Carpocrates Cerinthus Simon Magus Saturninus Menander Archontici God did not make the World but Angels in number 7 the Off-spring of Abraxas without leave from God  Basilides Those 7 Angels made 365 Heavens  Marcionites The World was too base a thing for God to create  Manichees The substance of the good God was distributed by crumbs among the creatures  Luciferiani Priscillianists The Devil made the world for it lieth in wickedness  Familists God by them made the world  Epicurus The world was made by a Fortuitous concourse of Atoms  Hobbes Whether God created all things else is to be decided by the civil power And formed Man of Earth with a Reasonable Soul Manichees Priscillianists The Devil made man his body only I suppose they mean  Patriciani The Devil made our flesh which may be put off by violent Death  Paterniani The Devil made the lower parts of man which may be used to sin  Priscillianists The soul was made of the same substance with God  Luciferiani The soul was raised out of the flesh  Jews in Barbary All souls wore created together and put in a certain Region c.  Hobbes Irenaeus That man at his first creation was imperfect Rules all things by his Providence Epicureans The world is too base for God to look after  Aristotle Certain Angels are intrusted with the Government  Cyprian God hath committed the Government of the world to certain Coelestial Powers  Stoicks Manichees All things are Ruled by Fate and Fortune  Bardesanes All things are Ruled by Fate  Jews in Barbary Every man hath Two Angels one good and another bad attending him  Colarbas The Generation and Life of man is in the 7 Planets  Familists All things are Ruled by Nature not ordered by God In the Godhead are 3 Persons Marcellians Luciani The Trinity is an Extension of the Deity  Hobbes Is but a threefold Representation of God  Noetians Praxeneans Hermogeneans There are 3 in the Godhead but not 3 Persons  Sabellians 3 in Name only  Gnosticks Marcionitos Valentinians More Gods yet not 3 Persons  Syreni Tritheites Eunomeans 3 Gods or Spirits or Principles not distinguished only but divided also  Macedonians Franciscans 2 Gods Father and Son Old and New  Seleucians 1 Person  Armenians Anastasius Emp. Apollinarians A Quaternity  Servetus There is no distinction of Persons in God  Jews Turks Montanists Deny the Trinity so likewise the Muggletonians  Blandrat Alciat Christians in worshipping 3 Persons worship 3 Devils  Lord Herbert denied Jesus Christ to be a Person in the Godhead  Alogiani Samosateni 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 John
1.1 doth not signifie a Person but the purpose of God the Father to make the world and send Christ  Antitrinitarians Polonian Arians Socinians also Deny the Trinity of Persons The Father Servetus There is no real Generation in God  Muggletonians God the Father was a Spiritual Man from Eternity but in time produced a Natural Body  Theaurau John 'T is nonsense to say God is the Father of us all Jesus Christ the Son of God Arrian-dadeians Christ is the Father's Servant  Arians Not truly or naturally the Son of God nor of the same Substance with the Father  Servetus Christ was but a Figure of the Son of God By Eternal Generation Photiniani Servetiani Nativitarii the Son always was but not Son till Born of the Virgin  Eunomians Samosatenians say the same  Francis Ker Christ was not God till after his Resurrection  Pelonian Arians The Eternal generation of the Son is against Truth and Reason Very God Carpoorates Cerinthians Ebionites Mat. Hammant Turks Socinians Jews Eunomians Impugned Christ's Divinity  Agnoite Christ's Divine Nature was ignorant of some things  Nestorians Christ became God by Merit not by Nature  Catabapt some Blandrat Christ is not the true God Of one substance with the Father Macedonians Christ is not of one Substance with the Father  Anomoei Not like the Father at all  Acatiani Semi-Ariani He is like the Father 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Aeriani He is like the F. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Very Man of a Humane Body Saturninus Marcionites Eutychiant Cerdoniani Manichees Archontici Phantasmatici Christ was Man but putatively  Apellitae Christ took an Etherial Body of the Stars  Valentiniani Menno A Spiritual and Celestial Body by the Virgin Mary as by a Channel  Apollinarians Christ's humanity is consubstantial with the Father  Vbiquitarii Christ's Body humanity is every where  Servetus Christ's Body was compact of three uncreated Elements  Aphthartodoâ—itae Christ's Body was not corruptible but immortal as soon as he took it And reasonable Soul Eunomians Arians Christ had a humane Body but not Soul  Apollinarists Christ had a humane Body but not Soul or if Soul not Mind  Valentinus Christ had a carnal Soul  Theopaschites Christ had a Body but not Soul God and Man in one Person Eutychians Dioscurus Severites Christ had but one nature compounded of Divine and Humane  Arephali Theodosiani Christ had not the properties of both natures  Nestorians The word and Flesh were united in one Person as two Friends in love  Apollinarists The word was changed into Flesh Conceived by the Holy Ghost Monothelites Christ had but one Will.  Theodorus Mesechius The word is one thing and Christ another Born of the Virgin Mary Ebionites Carpocrates Theodosius Christ was conceived by Man of Humane Seed ex Viri coitu  Valentinians Anabaptists Familists Christ took the Flesh of the Virgin Mary qu. by a Channel  Armenii Christ had an incorruptible Body from the first moment of Conception  Nestorius The Virgin Mary was not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Socinus Christ's Incarnation is against Reason  Hoffman God took Flesh of himself  Mennonists Denied Christ to be born of Mary  Antimarians Denied Mary's Virginity as did also Cerin hus and Helcidius Pure from all Sin Jews Christ was a Violater of the Sabbath Law c.  Marcionites Christ dissolved the Law Prophets and all the Works of God  Saturnians Christ came into the World to destroy the God of the Angels  Mat. Hamant Christ was a sinful Man and abominable Idol  Leon. Vairus Christ was a Veneficus a common Poisoner of Men and Women Our only Saviour Barcocab Moses Cretensis False Messiahs of the Jews  Arminius Christ died sufficiently for all but not effectually for any particular Persons  Socinus Christ did not satisfie for us but obtained power for us to satisfie for our selves  Simon Magus False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  Menander False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  Montanus False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  Manes False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  Mahomet False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  David Geogre False Saviours Called himself the Holy Ghost Called himself greater than Christ  Noetus called himself Moses and his Brother Aaron  One Mother Jane is the Saviour of Women said Postellus the Jesuit  Saturnius Desider Burdegal Eudo de Stella c. False Christs Was crucified dead buried Cerinthus Jesus was not Christ  Manichees Phantasmatici Cerdonites Eutychians Christ suffered not truly but in appearance only  Familists The Incarnation and Passion of Christ is to be understood Allegorically  Sabellians Serverus Basilides Armenii Apollinarij Patri-Passians Theopaschites The Godhead suffered So also the Muggletonians  Islebius Andreas Musculus Christ suffered in his Humanity and Divinity both  Petrus Antioch The whole Trinity was crucified  Manichees The very Devils hung upon the Cross  Muhamedeus Not Christ who escap'd through the Roof of the House but Judas the Traitor was crucified in the shape of Christ  Socinus Christ died for the Infirmities of our Nature Descended into Hell Liberatores Christ descending into Hell the damned souls believed and were delivered  Papists Christ went into Lake Limbo to loose the souls of our Forefathers  Carlisle Christ descended not into Hell at all  Banister Christ in Hell endured the very Torments of the Damned Rose again the 3d day Jews Hamant David George Deny the Resurrection of Christ  Cerinthus Christ shall Rise is not yet Risen  Swenkfeldians Christ after his Resurrection was so Deified that he is meerly God alone Ascended into Heaven Jews c. Hamant Christ is not ascended  Ket Christ's Humane Nature is not ascended but is in Judea gathering a Church  Montanists Cataphrygians Carpocratians Christ in soul only ascended  Papists Christ at his Ascension carried with him the souls of those he delivered out of Limbo  Germ. Divines Christ carried with him the souls and bodies of those he raised out of their Graves  Brentius and Vbiquitaries Christ's body after his Ascension now is every where Thence he shall come to judg the World Atheists Manichees There shall be no general Judgment  Origenists Catabaptists All the Devils and Damned in Hell shall after some time be saved  Turks Those Devils c. that in Hell cry for mercy shall be saved  Familists The wicked shall not be judged but die as Bruits  Coppinger and Arthington said Will. Hacket was come to judge the World and themselves were his Angels  Papists Beside Christ the Pope is Judg of Quick and Dead  Cerinthus Papias Origenes
Justinus Nepotiani Adamantii Chiliastae assert Christ shall Reign on the Earth 1000 years after the Resurrection So Apollinarii Victorinus Tertullian Irenaeus Lactantius  Jews Before the Judgment there shall be a Golden Age to the Godly  Hutistes Take upon them to prefix the very day and hour of Christ's coming to Judgment The H. Ghost is truly God Macedonians Tropicks Arians The Holy Ghost is a Creature or Power Celestial created by God thro' the Word  Effrontes The Holy Ghost is a bare Motion inspired by God into the Mind  Samosatenus Photinus Socinus Servetus Turks Ochinus Lombard Ket Hamant Brownists some Pneumatomachous likewise saying the Holy Ghost is not God but God's Love or Vertue whereby he works iâ— his Children  Hierax Melchisedec was the Holy Ghost  Sim. Magus His Helen was the Holy Ghost  Franciscan S. Francis was the Holy Ghost  Helehe The Holy Ghost was a Woman and the natural Sister of Christ  Grecians Russians The H. Ghost proceeds from the Father but not from the Son  Tritheists The H. Ghost is inferior to the Father as the Arians say he is not inferior to the Son Mankind is by Nature corrupt and guilty of Original sin Saturninus Some men are naturally good tho some bad  Carpocratians some of them they were every way as innocent as Christ  Adamites They were ever way as innocent as Adam before his Fall  Jews Carpocratians Familists Flatly deny Original sin  Pelagians Adam's sin hurt not his posterity  Albanenses There is no Original sin if their Adversaries report truly of them  Jack-a Leyden No Original sin  Papists The Virgin Mary was free from sin Original  Council Trent Concupiscence is no sin but proceeds from sin and inclines to sin  Manichees Original sin is another substance within us so that Man is not voluntarily but necessarily driven to evil  Socinus There is no Original Sin i. e. Concupiscence and Deformity of Nature in us Contracted by natural generation from Adam justly we being in his loins when he fell Florinus Blastus Hermogenes Therefore God is the Author of sin  Valentinians Original Sin comes From the Devil  Apollinarians Original Sin comes From Nature  Pelagians Original Sin comes By Imitation  Familists Original Sin comes By Imitation  Arminius All men are received into the Covenant of Grace and all freed from Orinal Sin So that now we have no will to good of ourselves Pharisees Sadduces Pelagians Donatists Papists Anabaptists Man hath no free will to Good  Lawr. Valla Man hath no Power to move his Body to outward things nor his Mind to sin  Hobbes Liberty of will in the Soul is Physically necessary  Socinus There is a Free will to Goodness in us  Arminius A Natural Man can by using the gifts of Nature rightly obtain saving Grace c. Nor sufficient Knowledg of our Duty Montanists said They knew more than the Apostles of Christ  Socinus No man by the Light of Nature can have any Knowledg of God Yet God requires holiness Carpocrates A Vicious Life will appease the Evil Angels  Basilides Exâ—oll'd a civil Righteousness up to the very Heavens Viz. That we worship him alone Angelici Adored Angels so did the Jews and Pythagoreans and Platonists  Armenii The Cross  Helcesaitae The Water and some Women a-kin to Helceseus  Greeks The V. Mary and Pictures  Collyridiani Offered bread to the Virgin M.  Papists Saints  Pagans Men under the Names of Jupiter Saturn c.  Persians A Dragon  Syrians A Fish and Pigeons  Aegyptians An Ox Calf Cats Vultures Crocodiles  Turks Mahomet  Americans The Devil under the name of Zemes and Tanto and Cendir  Hakem President of Egypt a Mahometan would be called God and was so by a servant of his Darareus who told him he had got 16000 Disciples viz. who would call him God  Cuscans and Peruvians Viracocha i.e. the Creator of Heaven and Earth Vaspu i. e. Wonderful and the Sun and Stars and Author of Rain and Thunder and Pachacuma and Macamoca i.e. the Earth and Sea and Rainbow high Trees c. Dragons Bears Tigers c.  Mexicani Vitzliputzli viz. Idolum quoddam  Muggletonians decry all outward Worship  Quietists do the same and call to that which is Inward and spiritual  Clancularii professed no Religion with their mouth but kept it in their heart According to his Word Will Pettaloronchiae put the Finger in the Mouth to appease God with silence  Tascodrongitae Spirituales put the Finger in the Nose to shew their Ardency in Prayer  Nudi-pedales Went barefoot  Collyridiani Used to carry about Bread in Honour of the Blessed Virgin  Papists In Procession carry about the Sacrament on Horse-back the Pope being carried on in a chair of Gold on the shoulders of 6 or 8 Noblemen By praying to him Messaliani Euchitae Euphemite Psalliani Martyriani were constantly Devoted to Prayers but idle  Agonyclitae Would not Pray kneeling nor prostrate but only standing  Beghardinae Beghinae No need of Prayers and Fasting  Prodiciani Brownists Reject the Lord's Prayer and all set Forms And praising him Arnheim Church sing the Prophets and their own Hymns And fasting and abstinence Cerdon Marcion Saturninus Carpocrates From flesh and marriage  Tatianus From Flesh Wine and Women Manichees the Priests did so yet in Fasts had plenty and variety of Fruits spices Liquors c.  Severus From Wine Women and Marriage  Gnosticks Aerians Priscillianists Apostolicks Hierarchites Valentinians Marriage is not Lawful or meet whoredom is so say the Armenians Apostolici and Encratitae from Marriage and Riches  Turks Jews Polygamy is Lawful so likewise say the Hermogenians and Ochinites  Valesii Castrated themselves  Nicolaitans Sim. Magus Woredom is Lawful  Papists They which are of spiritual Kindred may not marry  Papists admit none into the Clergy that are married unless they will be first unmarried  Vigilantian admit none into the Clergy that are married unless they will be first unmarried  Bishops admit none into the Clergy that are married unless they will be first unmarried  Origen Tertullian Catharans Henricians none should marry twice And Montanists of whom Tertullian was one so Athenagoras Hierome Nazianzen Origen  Ossens compel People to marry  Manichees Forbid marriage to the Electi Priests As God hath revealed his Will in the holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament Circumcellians Burnt the Holy Scriptures  Archontici rejected most of the Old Testament and substituted the Apocrypha in its room  Basilides Carpocrates Valentinians Manichees Severians Catabaptists Marcionites Apelles rejected the Old Testament for the most part so the Socinians  Ebion allowed only S. Matthew's Gospel called Paul an Apostate  Sadduces only the Pentateuch  Muscovites rejected the 4 last Books
Soul and Body both dye till the Resurrection So the Arabici 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Psucho-pannuchites Held that the Soul sleeps in the Grave wth the body till the Resurrection  Manichees Corpocrates Held a Transmigration of Souls c. viz. That they might sin in other bodies  Tertullii wicked mens souls are turned into beasts or Devils a Tertulliano  Mahometans salvation consists in carnal pleasures  Muggletonians The soul of man is mortal as well as the body  Armenians Regenerate men may and do fall Finally and may sin against the Holy Ghost no assurance being possible in this Life without special Revelation And at the Resurrection shall be United to the body and both eternally blessed False Apostles Basilides Carpocrares Valentinus Cerdon Manes Familists Hieracites Salvation belongs only to the soul there being no Resurrection  Muggletonians Holy men when glorified shall have new bodies and souls given them of the very same Nature with God The Wicked shall be turned into Hell for ever and ever Atheists There is No Hell  Familists but in the consciences of men in this Life  Origenists Cacabapt c. All the most wicked yea Devils after some time shall be saved  Papists believe a Purgatory viz. a temporary punishment  Socinus Death Eternal is only a perpetual continuance in Death or Annihilation  Muggletonians No Devil but the spirit of man's unclean Reason and cursed Imagination False Prophets Samsei Prognostici Foretold things co come c.  Barcocab A Jewish Prophet who pretended to be the Star that was to arise out of Jacob  Theaurau John Another False Jewish Prophet who called himself Priest of the Jews  Mahomet The False Prophet of the Mahometans  John Reeve and Lodowick Muggleton pretended to be the Two Last Witnesses and Prophets of Christ sent to seal the Elect and Reprobate Apostates c. Aquila Ponticus first a Christian next a Gentile last a Jew  Lucian Julian Francis Spira Gross Hereticks â—hetorius Lampetius Allowed all Heresies thought none out of the Truth Veritas Simplex Error Multiplex Synonyma Hereticorum c. Historia VAlentiniani Gnostici à Valente quem Epiphanius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 appellat qui Vixit sub Antonino Pio at Philosophiae Operam dedit Platonicae Pythagoricae Aristotel Christianus vero factus fastidivit simplicilatem Doctrinae de Deo Trinitate c. Episcopatum igitur sperans cum repulsam tulisser portentosae illius haeresis author excitit Hotting vid. Dan. p. 34. Tertul. Marcionitae quorum author fuit Marcion Ponticus cognomento Nauclerus qui Cerdonis fuit Discipulus Stoicae Philosophlae addictus Idem Menandriani à Menandro Samaritano Simonis Magi Discipulo quorum communia habuit dogmata Imo ut Epiphan 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem Cerinthiani Merinthiani Pseudapostoli fuit enim Cerinthus Pseudapostolor Princeps qui primus Justiciariam controversiam movit ipsique Petro Joppae restitit Helcesaitae Hierachitae ab Hieracha Aegyptio Patria Leontopolite nuncupati Samosateniani Pauliani Paulistae a Paulo Samosat Episc Antioch Manichaei a Mane 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 August qu. manni 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fundens ut Discipuli cam nuncuparunt in tres sectas divisi 1. Catharistas mundatores 2. Macarios 3. Manichaeos speciarim Novatiani Cathari a Novato Afro Exteri Scriptores Gazaros perperam appellant Chiliastae Millenarii a Cerintho Judaizante qui opiniones suas ex Talmudistorum de Regno Messiae disputationib petijt Note 1. Cerinthians meant an Earthly Sensual Kingdom the Restoration of Jerusalem and the Temple 2. The FF c. meant a Sabbath of 1000 Years in honest pleasures and peace after 6000 of labour the Author whereof saith Eusebius was Papias a weak man Ariani ab Ario Natione Lybe Presbytero in Beâ—calo Ecclesia in Alexandria sententia ejus fuit Christum neque suisse Deum neque aeternum sed Creaturam excellentem quidem caeteris dignitate praestantiorem ab eo variae sectae ortae sunt sed praevaluerunt Semi-ariani sive Acatiani ab Acatio Caesareae Palestinae Episcopo dicentes Christum Patri non esse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 consubstantialem sed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 similem Essentis Photiniani a Photino Sirmii Episcopo Idem docuerunt cum Samosatenianis Marcelliani a Marcello Idem docuerunt cum Samosatenianis Luciani a Lucio Episcopo Idem docuerunt cum Samosatenianis Donatistae a Donato Docuerunt 1. Se nulla Magistratus Authoritate reprimandos 2. A Catholicis baptizatos ipsi rebaptizabant 3. In homines a sua secta alienos vi armis saevierunt Montenses Romae dicti Docuerunt 1. Se nulla Magistratus Authoritate reprimandos 2. A Catholicis baptizatos ipsi rebaptizabant 3. In homines a sua secta alienos vi armis saevierunt Circumcelliones per varios mortes seipfos necantes Docuerunt 1. Se nulla Magistratus Authoritate reprimandos 2. A Catholicis baptizatos ipsi rebaptizabant 3. In homines a sua secta alienos vi armis saevierunt Macedoniani 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 à Macedonio C.P. Episc Priscillianistae a Priscilliano Hispan quorum dogmata permixta sunt cum Gnosticorum Manichaeorum Nestorius fuit Episc Constantinop homo superbus in exilium ejectus putredine tandem consumptus est linguâ— vermibus exesa Theodosius voluit Nestorianos appellarâ— Simoniacos Eutyches fuit Archi-mandrita C.P. sive Abbas superblae superstitionis Monasticae plenus homo arrogans ab eo Acephali Agnoeiae Jacobitae Armenii Monothelitae c. 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