be_v contrary_a to_o those_o common_a principle_n be_v to_o be_v abhor_v but_o beside_o those_o that_o be_v universal_o receive_v and_o agree_v on_o there_o be_v other_o principle_n which_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o so_o evident_a but_o be_v deduction_n and_o inference_n from_o the_o first_o and_o which_o learned_a and_o very_a understand_a man_n only_o be_v capable_a by_o much_o discourse_n and_o reason_v to_o apprehend_v and_o here_o beside_o good_a natural_a faculty_n and_o ripeness_n of_o year_n there_o must_v be_v add_v the_o right_a help_n of_o true_a art_n and_o learning_n since_o education_n and_o instruction_n be_v the_o mean_n the_o one_o by_o use_n the_o other_o by_o precept_n to_o make_v our_o natural_a faculty_n of_o reason_n both_o the_o better_o and_o the_o soon_o able_a to_o judge_v right_o between_o truth_n and_o error_n good_a and_o evil._n nay_o it_o it_o not_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n neither_o which_o will_v give_v a_o man_n a_o fitness_n to_o discern_v whether_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v conformable_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o not_o but_o it_o must_v be_v either_o all_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n join_v together_o or_o that_o proper_a legal_a knowledge_n which_o be_v ars_fw-la aequi_fw-la &_o boni_fw-la justi_fw-la atque_fw-la injusti_fw-la scientia_fw-la the_o art_n of_o equity_n &_o a_o good_a conscience_n the_o knowledge_n of_o right_n &_o wrong_n further_o the_o judgement_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v to_o a_o full_a degree_n of_o perfectness_n nor_o competent_a enough_o except_o it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o practical_a knowledge_n too_o and_o with_o a_o wisdom_n arise_v from_o experience_n and_o observation_n for_o he_o that_o will_v undertake_v to_o judge_v whether_o a_o law_n be_v agreeable_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o good_a reason_n he_o must_v not_o take_v his_o estimate_n from_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n only_o but_o he_o must_v consider_v divers_a other_o circumstance_n beside_o for_o first_o he_o must_v see_v into_o the_o nature_n manner_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n for_o the_o end_n of_o all_o law_n be_v but_o to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o good_a order_n est_fw-la order_n salus_fw-la populi_fw-la suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la that_o law_n must_v needs_o be_v best_o and_o most_o rational_a which_o do_v soon_o produce_v that_o end_n and_o therefore_o consider_v that_o man_n even_o by_o the_o very_a climate_n they_o live_v under_o be_v make_v to_o differ_v so_o main_o in_o every_o thing_n body_n soul_n religion_n and_o manner_n from_o the_o strange_a variety_n of_o law_n which_o we_o see_v and_o read_v of_o throughout_o the_o world_n we_o can_v present_o conclude_v any_o of_o they_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a a_o law_n politic_n law_n aristot_n politic_n there_o be_v mention_v among_o the_o grecian_n whereof_o pittacus_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o author_n by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o he_o which_o be_v overcome_v with_o drink_n do_v then_o strike_v any_o man_n shall_v suffer_v punishment_n double_a as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v do_v the_o same_o be_v sober_a no_o man_n can_v ever_o have_v think_v this_o reasonable_a 1._o reasonable_a ebrius_fw-la si_fw-la delictum_fw-la commise_n rit_fw-fr clement_a ùs_fw-la est_fw-la puniendus_fw-la menoc_n case_z 326_o l._n 2._o the_o arbitr_n judic_n nu_fw-la 1._o that_o have_v intend_v thereby_o only_o to_o punish_v the_o injury_n commit_v according_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o harm_n advise_o do_v be_v natural_o less_o pardonable_a and_o therefore_o worthy_a of_o sharp_a punishment_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o none_o do_v so_o usual_o offend_v this_o way_n as_o man_n in_o that_o case_n which_o they_o witting_o fall_v into_o even_o because_o they_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o free_o outrageous_a it_o be_v for_o their_o public_a good_a where_o such_o disorder_n be_v grow_v to_o frame_v a_o positive_a law_n or_o remedy_n thereof_o according_o and_o therefore_o in_o that_o place_n that_o be_v a_o most_o rational_a and_o a_o just_a law_n a_o justification_n whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o the_o roman_a law_n itself_o nonnunquam_fw-la evenit_fw-la say_v saturninus_n 10._o saturninus_n l._n 16._o dig_v de_fw-fr pâen_fw-fr parag_v 10._o ut_fw-la aliquorum_fw-la malificiorum_fw-la supplicia_fw-la exacerbentur_fw-la quoties_fw-la nimium_fw-la multis_fw-la personis_fw-la grassantibus_fw-la exemplo_fw-la opus_fw-la sit_fw-la it_o sometime_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o certain_a offence_n be_v the_o more_o sharp_o chastise_v when_o offender_n therein_o grow_v so_o numerous_a as_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v they_o exemplary_a for_o which_o severity_n the_o lawgiver_n be_v no_o way_n censurable_a but_o the_o wicked_a inclination_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v tax_v which_o have_v enforce_v it_o from_o they_o our_o saviour_n himself_o do_v excuse_v moses_n for_o suffer_v the_o jew_n to_o put_v away_o their_o wife_n for_o lesser_a cause_n than_o for_o adultery_n because_o of_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n though_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o 19_o so_o matth._n 19_o that_o be_v though_o it_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n nor_o to_o the_o practice_n that_o have_v always_o be_v it_o be_v the_o lesser_a evil_a to_o dismiss_v they_o fair_o than_o to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o continual_a hatred_n out_o of_o which_o great_a evil_n may_v ensue_v to_o which_o he_o know_v the_o jew_n such_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o their_o nature_n may_v soon_o be_v tempt_v likewise_o it_o be_v not_o void_a of_o reason_n neither_o that_o the_o same_o fault_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o great_a severity_n in_o one_o state_n where_o the_o opportunity_n of_o commit_v it_o be_v great_a the_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n more_o prone_a to_o offend_v therein_o and_o the_o prejudice_n thence_o arise_v be_v more_o considerable_a than_o in_o another_o where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o evenit_fw-la say_v the_o same_o saturninus_z 9_o saturninus_z d._n l._n 16._o par_fw-fr 9_o ut_fw-la eadem_fw-la scelera_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la provinciis_fw-la gravius_fw-la plectantur_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o africa_n messium_fw-la incensores_fw-la in_o mysia_n vitium_fw-la ubi_fw-la metalla_fw-la sunt_fw-la adulteratores_fw-la monetae_fw-la it_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o foul_a action_n be_v more_o heavy_o punish_v in_o certain_a province_n as_o those_o that_o set_v fire_n on_o corn_n in_o africa_n on_o vine_n in_o mysia_n and_o corrupter_n of_o currant_n money_n where_o it_o be_v of_o metal_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o injustice_n or_o cruelty_n thus_o to_o vary_v non_fw-la statim_fw-la debet_fw-la videri_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la siquid_fw-la gravius_fw-la aut_fw-la remissius_fw-la publicae_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la statuitur_fw-la nam_fw-la sine_fw-la tali_fw-la injuria_fw-la respublicae_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la regi_fw-la say_v conradus_n lagus_n 7._o lagus_n method_n jur_fw-fr civ_o part_n 1._o c._n 4._o nu_fw-la 7._o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o tyranny_n if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o hand_n of_o the_o law_n be_v sometime_o heavy_a and_o sometime_o light_a as_o public_a necessity_n shall_v command_v for_o without_o such_o inequality_n of_o measure_n common_a wealth_n can_v be_v govern_v and_o yet_o all_o this_o while_n here_o be_v no_o repugnancy_n to_o nature_n neither_o for_o the_o general_a principle_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n which_o be_v to_o punish_v offence_n that_o be_v past_a and_o to_o suppress_v they_o for_o the_o future_a be_v still_o observe_v only_o it_o be_v accommodate_v to_o several_a nation_n which_o be_v various_a and_o differ_v it_o can_v possible_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o same_o coercion_n or_o penalty_n nor_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n second_o the_o form_n and_o kind_n of_o government_n must_v be_v respect_v also_o for_o some_o law_n may_v be_v judge_v very_o good_a and_o fit_v for_o a_o monarchy_n which_o can_v be_v so_o account_v of_o in_o a_o government_n by_o a_o few_o or_o by_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o in_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v mix_v and_o make_v up_o out_o of_o they_o all_o three_o when_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n be_v doubt_v it_o must_v be_v examine_v what_o urgency_n of_o affair_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o law_n be_v make_v and_o whether_o some_o necessity_n and_o great_a reason_n of_o state_n do_v not_o enforce_v it_o for_o those_o that_o guide_v the_o stern_a do_v see_v those_o let_n and_o difficulty_n in_o preserve_v the_o whole_a which_o other_o can_v discern_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o such_o law_n be_v enact_v sometime_o for_o which_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v render_v non_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la majoribus_fw-la constituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ratio_fw-la reddi_fw-la potest_fw-la legib_n potest_fw-la l._n 20._o dig_v de_fw-fr legib_n a_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v for_o every_o thing_n that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v
relief_n of_o equity_n in_o any_o case_n which_o be_v special_o even_o with_o all_o its_o circumstance_n settle_v by_o law_n how_o rigorous_a soever_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o law_n be_v for_o write_a rigour_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o unwritten_a equity_n 8._o equity_n l._n 12._o parag_v 1_o dig_v qui_n &_o à _fw-la quib_n man_n vetantis_fw-la legit_fw-la major_a est_fw-la potestas_fw-la quà m_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la câjus_fw-la speciem_fw-la obâendere_fw-la suae_fw-la cupiditati_fw-la cuique_fw-la liceret_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr repâ_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 8._o clementiores_fw-la lege_fw-la judices_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la oportet_fw-la judge_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v merciful_a above_o that_o that_o the_o law_n itself_o be_v but_o it_o let_v in_o equity_n where_o the_o law_n be_v general_a and_o the_o case_n in_o fact_n be_v accompany_v with_o such_o special_a circumstance_n that_o in_o all_o likelihood_n the_o law_n never_o take_v it_o into_o consideration_n which_o if_o it_o have_v it_o will_v and_o must_v have_v make_v a_o exception_n in_o that_o case_n for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v aequitas_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la quà m_fw-la supplementum_fw-la ejus_fw-la quod_fw-la lex_fw-la praetermisit_fw-la equity_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o provide_v special_o for_o that_o which_o the_o law_n be_v silent_a in_o neither_o do_v it_o allow_v of_o a_o wander_a imaginary_a or_o unrestrained_a equity_n but_o what_o be_v either_o write_v and_o authentic_a from_o the_o law_n itself_o or_o what_o be_v manifest_a and_o evident_a to_o wise_a rational_a and_o the_o best_a discern_a man_n i_o mean_v those_o that_o be_v skilled_a and_o well_o study_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o not_o your_o vulgar_a rational_a man_n by_o deduction_n and_o reason_n from_o the_o law_n give_v in_o the_o like_a case_n non_fw-la possunt_fw-la omnes_fw-la articuli_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la aut_fw-la legibus_fw-la aut_fw-la senatusconsultis_fw-la comprehendi_fw-la sed_fw-la cùm_fw-la in_o aliqua_fw-la causa_fw-la sententia_fw-la eorum_fw-la manifesta_fw-la est_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la praeest_fw-la ad_fw-la similia_fw-la precedere_fw-la atque_fw-la ita_fw-la jus_o dicere_fw-la debet_fw-la law_n and_o decree_n can_v hit_v every_o circumstance_n but_o when_o their_o determination_n be_v certain_a in_o any_o one_o case_n by_o that_o the_o judge_n may_v do_v right_a in_o other_o case_n that_o be_v like_o it_o legib._n it_o l._n 12._o dig._n de_fw-fr legib._n as_o it_o treat_v the_o live_n with_o all_o gentleness_n and_o equity_n so_o it_o extend_v its_o humanity_n and_o tender_a consideration_n to_o the_o dead_a too_o and_o be_v indulgent_a to_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o their_o very_a grave_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v have_v the_o heir_n and_o executor_n of_o a_o decease_a person_n to_o be_v so_o free_a to_o bury_v the_o dead_a and_o to_o pay_v all_o such_o funeral_n respect_v as_o be_v due_a that_o it_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o action_n to_o be_v bring_v or_o any_o demand_n to_o be_v make_v of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v owe_v by_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a by_o the_o space_n of_o nine_o day_n 5._o day_n novel_a 115._o ca._n 5._o nor_o can_v any_o legal_a process_n be_v serve_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v accompany_v the_o corpse_n to_o burial_n vocand_a burial_n l._n 2._o &_o 3_o dig._n de_fw-fr in_o jus_o vocand_a and_o so_o far_o be_v it_o from_o connive_v at_o the_o barbarous_a inhumanity_n of_o those_o that_o for_o money_n owe_v by_o the_o decease_a will_v arrest_v and_o stay_v the_o body_n from_o burial_n till_o payment_n make_v or_o full_a security_n give_v that_o it_o inflict_v a_o sharp_a punishment_n upon_o such_o transgressor_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o quite_o lose_v that_o which_o they_o labour_v to_o recover_v by_o so_o foul_a a_o action_n but_o also_o forfeit_a as_o much_o in_o value_n to_o the_o decease_v heir_n and_o a_o three_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n be_v confiscate_v and_o they_o make_v themselves_o infamous_a 5._o infamous_a ut_fw-mi defunct_a seu_fw-la funer_n cor_fw-la non_fw-fr injur_fw-fr ca._n 5._o and_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n which_o i_o have_v hear_v be_v pretend_v to_o by_o some-parish_n within_o this_o nation_n and_o practise_v also_o that_o when_o a_o dead_a corpse_n be_v carry_v through_o towards_o some_o further_a place_n of_o burial_n it_o may_v be_v stay_v upon_o the_o way_n and_o not_o suffer_v to_o proceed_v till_o some_o fee_n or_o toll_v be_v pay_v it_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n which_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v against_o for_o that_o law_n express_o provide_v ne_fw-la corpora_fw-la aut_fw-la ossa_fw-la mortuorum_fw-la detinerentur_fw-la aut_fw-la vexarentur_fw-la neve_fw-la prohiberentur_fw-la quo_fw-la minus_fw-la via_fw-la publica_fw-la transferrentur_fw-la aut_fw-la quò_fw-la minus_fw-la sepelirentur_fw-la that_o the_o body_n and_o bone_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v not_o stay_v or_o trouble_v nor_o that_o any_o restraint_n be_v to_o hinder_v their_o passage_n along_o the_o highway_n to_o and_o fro_o or_o to_o obstruct_v their_o burial_n infer_v burial_n l._n 38._o dig._n de_fw-fr mortu_fw-la infer_v and_o general_o without_o exception_n either_o of_o place_n or_o person_n say_v direct_o that_o no_o such_o see_v or_o toll_n shall_v be_v pay_v 15._o pay_v graec._n cod._n de_fw-fr relig_n &_o sumpt_v fun_n l._n 15._o in_o nullo_n quopiam_fw-la loco_fw-la vectigal_a ab_fw-la aliqua_fw-la persona_fw-la pro_fw-la corporibus_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la loco_fw-la in_o alium_fw-la translatis_fw-la praestetur_fw-la no_o fee_n shall_v be_v pay_v by_o any_o person_n in_o any_o place_n for_o the_o remove_n of_o a_o corpse_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o sure_o if_o the_o first_o ground_n from_o whence_o that_o custom_n come_v be_v know_v we_o shall_v be_v willing_a for_o religion_n sake_n to_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o our_o superstitious_a ancestor_n believe_v that_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o live_n be_v useful_a to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v wont_a as_o often_o as_o they_o carry_v forth_o any_o dead_a body_n to_o be_v bury_v to_o stay_v in_o every_o convenient_a town_n through_o which_o they_o go_v to_o receive_v the_o prayer_n of_o the_o devout_a people_n for_o the_o soul_n of_o their_o decease_a brother_n in_o recompense_n whereof_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o something_o be_v in_o charity_n bestow_v for_o the_o poor_a of_o that_o place_n or_o to_o some_o other_o end_n which_o at_o first_o proceed_v from_o bounty_n we_o have_v no_o cause_n to_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o duty_n especial_o to_o pass_v a_o indignity_n upon_o the_o dead_a and_o when_o we_o bestow_v not_o the_o prayer_n as_o they_o do_v nor_o indeed_o can_v think_v they_o profitable_a as_o they_o apply_v they_o neither_o be_v the_o law_n so_o careful_a to_o conduct_v the_o dead_a quiet_o to_o their_o grave_n as_o it_o be_v severe_a in_o punish_v those_o that_o shall_v disturb_v their_o body_n there_o or_o shall_v demolish_v or_o deface_v their_o sepulcher_n the_o place_n where_o the_o dead_a body_n lie_v be_v esteem_v religious_a and_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o body_n itself_o or_o to_o the_o monument_n thereof_o be_v account_v no_o less_o than_o sacrilege_n viol_n sacrilege_n l_o co._n de_n sepulch_n viol_n if_o it_o be_v do_v riotous_o and_o with_o arm_n the_o crime_n be_v capital_a if_o without_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o body_n be_v pull_v out_o of_o the_o grave_n and_o then_o it_o be_v capital_a to_o those_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n but_o other_o of_o better_a rank_n be_v banish_v or_o condemn_v to_o work_v in_o the_o mine_n but_o if_o the_o sepulchre_n be_v only_o demolish_v or_o deface_v a_o penalty_n be_v pay_v to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o good_a reparation_n give_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n and_o divers_a other_o punishment_n beside_o inflict_v viol_n inflict_v tot._n tit._n dig._n &_o cod._n the_o sepulch_n viol_n nay_o though_o the_o body_n be_v inter_v in_o another_o man_n private_a ground_n though_o it_o do_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o act_n but_o will_v order_v the_o body_n to_o be_v remove_v or_o the_o value_n thereof_o to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o his_o own_o head_n to_o unbury_v or_o take_v away_o the_o body_n propter_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la manium_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la corpus_fw-la sepultum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la inquietandum_fw-la for_o the_o honour_n due_a to_o the_o ghost_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o because_o dead_a man_n once_o inter_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v disturb_v but_o either_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o chief_a priest_n must_v give_v authority_n or_o warrant_n for_o the_o same_o fuâ_n same_o l_o 8.39_o dig._n the_o relig_n &_o sumpt_n fuâ_n final_o the_o debt_n contract_v by_o the_o decease_a in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o sickness_n or_o about_o his_o burial_n shall_v be_v pay_v before_o all_o other_o debt_n whatsoever_o eod_a whatsoever_o l._n pen._n dig._n the_o relig_n &_o sumpt_n fund_z 3._o co_z
the_o straight_a rule_n and_o the_o best_a guide_n to_o decide_v it_o by_o and_o the_o art_n and_o skill_n to_o dispense_v equal_a right_n and_o exact_a justice_n to_o all_o man_n be_v to_o be_v learn_v from_o the_o study_n of_o no_o other_o law_n of_o man_n creation_n but_o that_o law_n only_o nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la jus_o civil_a quà m_fw-la sententiae_fw-la quaedam_fw-la à _fw-la veteribus_fw-la jurisconsultis_fw-la pronunciatae_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o certum_fw-la redactae_fw-la ordinem_fw-la dijudicandi_fw-la rationem_fw-la nostris_fw-la jurisperitis_fw-la ostendunt_fw-la say_v machiavelli_n himself_o in_o his_o prooem_n to_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr republica_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n be_v nothing_o more_o than_o certain_a dictate_v or_o principle_n declare_v by_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n undoubted_o mean_v papinian_n ulpian_n scaevola_n africanus_n pomponius_n neratins_n celsus_n marcianus_n and_o the_o rest_n who_o name_n be_v prefix_v before_o their_o several_a law_n in_o the_o digest_v which_o be_v put_v into_o good_a order_n do_v instruct_v other_o in_o the_o way_n of_o administer_a right_a and_o justice_n and_o hence_o be_v it_o that_o in_o all_o the_o university_n throughout_o the_o world_n i_o will_v not_o except_o england_n the_o law_n that_o be_v study_v the_o law_n that_o be_v public_o read_v and_o teach_v in_o their_o school_n the_o law_n wherein_o degree_n be_v take_v be_v the_o civil_a law_n chap._n xii_o a_o answer_n to_o the_o main_a objection_n that_o be_v now_o adays_o make_v against_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n within_o this_o nation_n these_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v thus_o true_o deliver_v to_o the_o praise_n and_o commendation_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a and_o evident_a our_o adversary_n the_o anticivilians_n will_v not_o so_o vain_o contend_v as_o to_o oppose_v they_o or_o to_o detract_v from_o the_o worth_n of_o that_o learning_n which_o have_v be_v so_o general_o own_v by_o all_o the_o world_n nor_o be_v ever_o bring_v into_o any_o question_n since_o it_o be_v first_o propagate_v and_o make_v know_v to_o other_o nation_n beside_o the_o roman_a they_o will_v as_o they_o must_v admit_v and_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v more_o abound_v with_o natural_a reason_n and_o equity_n than_o any_o other_o law_n of_o man_n establish_v that_o it_o have_v spread_v further_o into_o the_o world_n than_o any_o law_n ever_o do_v and_o have_v be_v more_o study_v and_o adorn_v with_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o learned_a of_o all_o nation_n and_o language_n than_o any_o law_n that_o yet_o have_v be_v that_o the_o profession_n thereof_o be_v of_o so_o large_a a_o compass_n that_o it_o take_v in_o and_o treat_v of_o all_o the_o affair_n contract_n and_o deal_n of_o the_o world_n that_o prince_n free_o entertain_v it_o into_o their_o judicatories_n and_o minister_v right_a and_o justice_n only_o by_o the_o learned_a and_o graduate_n of_o that_o profession_n that_o the_o principle_n of_o solid_a wisdom_n and_o best_a moral_a honesty_n be_v teach_v thereby_o that_o it_o have_v describe_v and_o set_v down_o the_o duty_n of_o all_o people_n of_o what_o relation_n soever_o more_o ample_o and_o more_o to_o the_o pattern_n of_o nature_n and_o right_a reason_n then_o any_o other_o law_n have_v do_v yet_o this_o free_a and_o ample_a acknowledgement_n notwithstanding_o they_o will_v not_o admit_v the_o use_n and_o practice_v thereof_o in_o the_o ministration_n of_o justice_n within_o this_o nation_n to_o be_v convenient_a or_o necessary_a suggest_v to_o themselves_o certain_a reason_n strong_a and_o important_a as_o they_o pretend_v why_o that_o profession_n how_o learned_a and_o wise_a soever_o in_o itself_o yet_o since_o it_o be_v become_v useless_a as_o to_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n it_o can_v convenient_o as_o our_o affair_n be_v now_o change_v be_v continue_v here_o any_o long_o as_o they_o imagine_v which_o opinion_n how_o well_o it_o be_v ground_v it_o be_v meet_v and_o requisite_a we_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n examine_v for_o except_o it_o may_v be_v maintain_v that_o it_o be_v also_o useful_a and_o very_a necessary_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n under_o which_o we_o now_o live_v and_o no_o way_n or_o at_o least_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o great_a benefit_n thereof_o not_o considerable_o inconvenient_a all_o the_o other_o excellency_n and_o rare_a quality_n that_o can_v be_v speak_v thereof_o will_v turn_v but_o into_o a_o speculative_a and_o airy_a discourse_n and_o will_v move_v nothing_o towards_o the_o beget_n of_o a_o public_a settlement_n thereof_o within_o the_o nation_n for_o they_o will_v say_v all_o rule_n and_o instruction_n that_o be_v useful_a to_o inform_v the_o understanding_n and_o fashion_v the_o manner_n and_o action_n of_o private_a man_n or_o of_o prince_n as_o they_o be_v man_n only_o may_v not_o present_o be_v fit_v or_o necessary_a to_o regulate_v and_o direct_v a_o state_n in_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o public_a business_n let_v it_o therefore_o be_v add_v for_o a_o further_a commendation_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n first_o that_o as_o it_o contain_v the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n the_o conclusion_n of_o right_a reason_n and_o as_o it_o set_v forth_o the_o natural_a and_o essential_a property_n of_o such_o humane_a thing_n contract_n and_o deal_n of_o man_n whereof_o it_o treat_v of_o all_o which_o without_o comparison_n the_o great_a plenty_n lie_v record_v in_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n i_o say_v as_o it_o contain_v all_o these_o it_o be_v so_o essential_o necessary_a to_o the_o well_o order_v of_o all_o state_n and_o the_o common_a affair_n of_o man_n that_o it_o can_v be_v abolish_v through_o any_o change_n of_o law_n or_o government_n whatsoever_o but_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n the_o peace_n and_o well-being_n of_o that_o state_n and_o people_n must_v needs_o vanish_v and_o dissolve_v also_o for_o can_v the_o sun_n fall_v from_o the_o firmament_n and_o the_o world_n not_o be_v at_o a_o end_n or_o the_o soul_n expire_v and_o the_o body_n not_o be_v void_a of_o life_n or_o motion_n no_o more_o can_v the_o splendour_n of_o that_o people_n endure_v any_o long_o where_o the_o sun_n of_o natural_a equity_n and_o justice_n have_v leave_v to_o shine_v among_o they_o nor_o can_v the_o body_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n grow_v prosperous_a or_o flourish_a that_o be_v fall_v from_o the_o soundness_n of_o right_a reason_n which_o be_v the_o very_a soul_n and_o spirit_n of_o all_o law_n and_o government_n for_o in_o this_o it_o be_v no_o otherwise_o with_o a_o whole_a society_n of_o man_n than_o it_o be_v with_o one_o individual_a person_n if_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v unnatural_a and_o care_v not_o to_o observe_v true_a right_n and_o just_a reason_n in_o his_o deal_n with_o other_o man_n he_o present_o render_v himself_o odious_a and_o detestable_a to_o all_o man_n and_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o dangerous_a to_o have_v any_o deal_n or_o to_o be_v familiar_a with_o such_o a_o person_n so_o if_o a_o state_n which_o be_v a_o collective_a body_n of_o man_n when_o they_o be_v appeal_v to_o for_o common_a right_n either_o by_o their_o own_o people_n or_o by_o other_o nation_n shall_v administer_v that_o for_o right_n which_o cross_v natural_a justice_n and_o the_o notion_n of_o right_a reason_n it_o expose_v itself_o to_o scorn_n and_o obloquy_n it_o gall_v and_o exasperate_v their_o own_o subject_n and_o make_v their_o neighbour_n stand_v at_o a_o distance_n with_o they_o and_o the_o condition_n of_o that_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v dangerous_a and_o unsure_a have_v lose_v their_o reputation_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o only_o here_o be_v the_o difference_n and_o it_o be_v a_o sad_a one_o the_o danger_n of_o particular_a injustice_n determine_v in_o some_o detriment_n of_o a_o few_o but_o national_a injustice_n draw_v after_o it_o ofttimes_o the_o ruin_n and_o confusion_n of_o many_o nation_n beside_o the_o impression_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n be_v so_o strong_a in_o man_n and_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o his_o essence_n that_o they_o can_v be_v quite_o expunge_v or_o delete_v in_o he_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v so_o long_o discontinue_v but_o they_o will_v at_o length_n have_v their_o return_n naturam_fw-la expellas_fw-la furcalicet_fw-la usque_fw-la recurret_fw-la and_o inclination_n and_o affection_n thereunto_o will_v appear_v even_o when_o the_o contrary_a be_v perform_v so_o true_a be_v that_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n jura_n naturalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la civil_a immutabilia_fw-la parag._n 11._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr nat_n geut_fw-fr &_o civil_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n be_v unchangeable_a and_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v repeal_v for_o if_o it_o be_v once_o admit_v that_o these_o law_n be_v alterable_a what_o strange_a contradiction_n and_o senseless_a incongruity_n will_v follow_v and_o how_o will_v man_n be_v ravish_v as_o it_o
be_v the_o most_o frequent_a and_o only_a mention_n almost_o of_o such_o a_o thing_n this_o very_a term_n to_o swear_v you_o will_v scarce_o any_o where_n find_v it_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n but_o either_o under_o the_o word_n hiphil_n that_o be_v the_o imperative_a command_a conjugation_n in_o respect_n of_o he_o that_o give_v the_o oath_n or_o under_o the_o word_n niphal_n that_o be_v the_o passive_a suffer_a conjugation_n in_o respect_n of_o he_o that_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o under_o the_o same_o rule_n be_v the_o greek_n among_o who_o orcos_fw-la be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o oath_n which_o almost_o sole_o the_o holy_a ghost_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o new_a testament_n in_o that_o word_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o straighten_a necessity_n and_o as_o they_o say_v a_o exigengy_a no_o less_o than_o there_o be_v in_o the_o word_n orcos_fw-la for_o from_o the_o same_o word_n come_v both_o that_o be_v of_o straighten_n thereupon_o come_v that_o common_a proverb_n war_n and_o oath_n be_v voluntary_a evil_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v good_a they_o ought_v to_o be_v press_v and_o express_v as_o st._n augustine_n of_o oath_n say_v witty_o either_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o he_o that_o give_v the_o oath_n or_o at_o leastwise_o by_o the_o hardness_n of_o his_o heart_n that_o believe_v not_o so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n either_o to_o swear_v or_o to_o make_v war_n except_o it_o be_v at_o least_o in_o some_o manner_n exact_v and_o upon_o some_o and_o no_o light_a cause_n therefore_o that_o it_o may_v be_v require_v or_o rather_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o very_a force_n of_o nature_n the_o very_a force_n of_o the_o term_n itself_o evince_v it_o but_o whether_o from_o the_o magistrate_n this_o be_v the_o second_o branch_n yes_o sure_o from_o the_o magistrate_n so_o the_o divine_n of_o old_a not_o only_o every_o body_n but_o every_o soul_n be_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o power_n rom._n 13.1_o therefore_o the_o power_n have_v power_n to_o commit_v the_o body_n to_o custody_n by_o imprison_v it_o lest_o it_o escape_v and_o so_o likewise_o the_o soul_n to_o commit_v that_o to_o custody_n by_o lay_v a_o oath_n upon_o it_o lest_o it_o shall_v have_v any_o subterfuge_n by_o which_o name_n god_n himself_o have_v most_o fit_o call_v a_o oath_n the_o bond_n or_o prison_n of_o the_o soul_n num._n 30.13_o by_o which_o the_o soul_n may_v as_o it_o be_v be_v tie_v up_o and_o be_v so_o tie_v up_o may_v be_v bind_v to_o answer_v apposite_o and_o ready_o but_o yet_o it_o come_v near_a if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o master_n to_o force_v his_o servant_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n as_o gen._n 24.3_o abraham_n do_v if_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n as_o jacob_n to_o joseph_n gen._n 47.29_o if_o a_o brother_n to_o a_o brother_n as_o the_o same_o jacob_n to_o esau_n gen._n 25.33_o by_o how_o much_o better_o right_n be_v it_o lawful_a for_o the_o magistrate_n to_o do_v it_o to_o his_o subject_n who_o command_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o any_o other_o command_n i_o add_v also_o about_o the_o right_n settle_v in_o marriage_n of_o a_o son_n if_o that_o be_v lawful_a as_o abraham_n to_o his_o servant_n of_o choose_v a_o fit_a place_n of_o burial_n as_o to_o joseph_n of_o pass_v away_o the_o right_n of_o birthright_n as_o esau_n and_o in_o private_a cause_n i_o add_v also_o of_o the_o least_o concernment_n if_o compare_v with_o the_o public_a then_o sure_o by_o better_a righr_n may_v the_o magistrate_n do_v it_o in_o the_o common_a cause_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o interest_n be_v great_a than_o any_o other_o interest_n and_o that_o be_v provide_v for_o by_o god_n law_n exod._n 12.8_o in_o express_v term_n in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o pawn_n say_v god_n let_v they_o come_v before_o the_o magistrate_n in_o which_o place_n the_o magistrate_n be_v name_v by_o the_o name_n of_o god_n himself_o and_o not_o by_o any_o name_n but_o by_o that_o very_a name_n which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o force_n of_o a_o oath_n as_o though_o he_o shall_v say_v let_v they_o come_v before_o the_o oath-giver_n or_o those_o who_o when_o they_o give_v the_o law_n in_o god_n stead_n in_o his_o judgement_n and_o in_o his_o name_n may_v require_v his_o oath_n to_o be_v take_v that_o be_v god_n deputy_n psal_n 82.6_o in_o god_n judgement_n 2_o chro._n 19.8_o the_o oath_n of_o god_n eccles._n 8.2_o therefore_o to_o the_o magistrate_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o the_o magistrate_n i_o say_v as_o well_o ecclesiastical_a as_o civil_a before_o he_o that_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n by_o law_n the_o woman_n be_v command_v to_o purge_v herself_o in_o a_o case_n of_o suspicion_n of_o breach_n of_o wedlock_n bond_n num._n 5.19_o before_o he_o that_o be_v the_o temporal_a judge_n by_o law_n the_o man_n be_v command_v to_o purge_v himself_o in_o a_o cause_n of_o suspicion_n of_o breach_n of_o social_n promise_n or_o contract_n exod._n 22.8_o the_o practice_n whereof_o we_o see_v and_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o saint_n be_v the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n in_o ezra_n who_o require_v a_o oath_n in_o a_o matrimonial_a cause_n ezra_n 10.5_o of_o the_o temporal_a judge_n in_o nehemiah_n who_o force_v a_o oath_n in_o a_o cause_n of_o usury_n neh._n 5.12_o neither_o have_v the_o pious_a and_o religious_a magistrate_n only_o right_a to_o do_v this_o but_o the_o heathen_a magistrate_n too_o and_o that_o to_o god_n people_n zedekiah_n give_v his_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o nabuchadnezzar_n 2_o chron._n 36.9_o though_o force_v he_o give_v it_o and_o right_o too_o if_o we_o believe_v ezekiel_n and_o afterward_o by_o a_o sacrilegious_a boldness_n he_o attempt_v to_o break_v it_o he_o escape_v not_o unpunished_a for_o it_o ezek._n 17.13_o last_o i_o add_v that_o this_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o do_v to_o their_o own_o people_n only_o but_o also_o to_o guest_n and_o stranger_n live_v within_o their_o territory_n either_o for_o traffic_v or_o any_o other_o cause_n in_o which_o regard_n joseph_n now_o become_v viceroy_n of_o egypt_n impose_v a_o oath_n upon_o his_o brethren_n in_o a_o case_n of_o treason_n suspect_v though_o both_o by_o law_n and_o by_o nature_n they_o be_v canaanites_n gen._n 43.3_o therefore_o hence_o it_o now_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o impose_v a_o oath_n and_o that_o it_o be_v lawful_a also_o to_o the_o magistrate_n but_o whether_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o do_v it_o to_o the_o party_n that_o be_v the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n the_o three_o thing_n i_o propound_v nor_o can_v that_o be_v call_v into_o question_n exod._n 22.8_o he_o to_o who_o the_o pawn_n be_v concredit_v be_v the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n num._n 5.19_o the_o woman_n suspect_v by_o the_o jealous_a husband_n to_o have_v wrong_v his_o bed_n be_v also_o the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n but_o to_o each_o of_o they_o be_v this_o oath_n to_o be_v give_v nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o decline_v it_o in_o a_o few_o word_n i_o will_v sum_n it_o up_o whether_o one_o deceitful_o keep_v his_o neighbour_n good_n or_o perfidious_o detein_v his_o friend_n good_n or_o restore_v not_o to_o the_o owner_n his_o find_a good_n when_o he_o require_v they_o levit._n 6.3_o or_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o in_o any_o other_o crime_n for_o it_o be_v mention_v indefinite_o 1_o king_n 8.31_o in_o whatsoever_o he_o shall_v sin_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o agent_n to_o impose_v a_o oath_n upon_o the_o party_n that_o be_v the_o guilty_a or_o defendant_n or_o to_o lay_v a_o oath_n upon_o he_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hebrew_n phrase_n nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o the_o guilty_a or_o defendant_n party_n to_o refuse_v it_o whether_o it_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o agent_n or_o plaintiff_n or_o by_o the_o magistrate_n indeed_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o we_o be_v fall_v into_o such_o time_n that_o it_o may_v be_v expedient_a to_o impose_v the_o oath_n upon_o the_o party_n agent_n or_o plaintiff_n and_o not_o only_o upon_o the_o defendant_n for_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o they_o may_v both_o prevaricate_v that_o be_v the_o party_n agent_n or_o plaintiff_n by_o calumniate_a and_o the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n by_o tergiversation_n but_o if_o we_o will_v take_v the_o law_n from_o heaven_n from_o the_o holy_a writ_n to_o the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n it_o be_v more_o necessary_a to_o be_v give_v example_n be_v thereof_o scarce_o will_v you_o find_v in_o the_o law_n a_o oath_n lay_v upon_o the_o agent_n or_o plaintiff_n but_o very_o often_o may_v you_o find_v it_o upon_o the_o party_n guilty_a or_o defendant_n moses_n render_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o the_o actor_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v the_o party_n