restraine pantodidactos extravagant spirit more ignorant than the Oxe or Asse while hee knoweth not his owne cribbe within the borders of his profession showing whatsoever his vocation bee Mr. Perkins superscription of his bookes Minister verbies hoc vnum age that medicine flourishing in this Kingdome not only my old Lord Doctor but also young Master Doctor may liue by the labour of his hands destitute of other lands In IO AN. MAKLVIREVM siue lyradem 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 AOnidum pater est idem est Asclepii Apollo Illius inventum est ars metrica medica Verum Asclepiadis citharamque Paeonis artem Musarum vt famulis tradidit Aoniam â—ieridum nato simul atque Epidaurii alumno Phoebus avus Lyradae donat vtramque lyram Macte lyrâ vtrâvis canones dignate modosque Tradere Paeonios ludere Aonios Ludebat G. Sibbaldus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In Authoris nomen Mak. hoc est filius Lure id est esca PErge salutiferam sic impertirier escam Iure salutiferae diceris filius escae In Libri inscriptionem MIlitia est quicquid mortales degimus aevi Quà m fit opus clypci nemo negabit ope Mysticus est Mystae Medicae hîc Maklurius artis Porrigit ingenii nobile deig na sui Qnisquis amas sanam quoque sano in corpore mentem Sanus si es sanum qui tueatur habes In Zoilum TEntas Maklurii incassum discerpere nomen Livide praeclarum iam super astra volat Pat. Sandaeus Author ad Censorem CVM tua non edas carpismea dogmata Censor Carpere vel noli nostra vel ede tua Candidus imperti meliora vel vtere nostris Aut alios nostro mitte labore frui The Contents of this Booke THE naturall causes of death Pag. 1 The vse of meate drink sleepe c. 3 Of phlebotomie or drawing of blood 6 A remedie for drunken cummers 8 Of Lochleaches Blood-suckers and wicked men Blood-drinkers 9 Of purges for the body 10 Of purges for the purse 18 Of vomiting 19 The inconvenients of long sleeping 23 Meanes for expelling the whole excrements of the body 24 The tyme terme and other circumstances of exercising 26 TOBACCO 30 Dinner tyme and meates in generall 38 A remedie for growne greasie bellyes 39 Of bread 41. Of flesh 42. Fowles 45 Of Egges and milk 46 Herbes for eating 51 Drink in generall 53. Wyne 54 Beere 55. Water 46 What should be done after dinner 57 Passions of the mynde 59 Supper tyme. 62 The Cookes good parts 63 After supper what and the Aire 64 The praises of night drunkards and vaine Rorers Pag. 6â— Bed tyme and sleepe 6â— Procreation with the circumstances 7â— Complexions 7â— Sanguineans and their dyet 7â— Cholericks dyet 7â— Melancholicks dyet 7â— Flegmaticks dyet 8â— Age in generall 8â— Bairnes meate 8â— Youths meate 8â— Middle-age dyet 8â— Old mens meate 8â— The carelesse care of a young lasse for old man 8â— The seasons 9â— The dyet of the spring 9â— Of the summer 9â— Of the harvest 9â— Of the winter 10â— A regiment for women with childe 10â— For women brought to bed 10â— For the child 11â— For the Nurse 11â— Of waining the babe 12â— Greedie misers godlesse heires 12â— Bairnes diseases 12â— The markes of both true and false conception 12â— FINIS THE BVCKLER OF HEALTH GOD the Creator made man with a soule immortall and a body subject to death being composed of foure elements of contrary quali 〈…〉 s which doth combate still amongst 〈…〉 emselues the stronger stryving to sub 〈…〉 e the weaker hence commeth many 〈…〉 eases and in end destruction Moreo 〈…〉 r our lyfe is sustained by two pillars 〈◊〉 wit by the naturall heate which is 〈◊〉 chiefe instrument of the soule and the 〈…〉 bred moist or sappe of the body which 〈◊〉 the nurishment or foode of this heate 〈◊〉 is the oyle in the lampe of the light 〈…〉 ich humour failing the heate must needs 〈…〉 rish but so it is this humour can not still last because the naturall heate doth dayly destroy it and although there be dayly reparation made by the heate and the blood that proceeds from the heart by the arters to all the members of the body yet the sappie or humide substance that is dissolved is much purer than that which by reparation doth succeede to it for our naturall heate being dayly weakned is not able to make vp her losses by as good as it hath loste as wyne the more water bee mixed is the weaker so our naturall heate and inbred sappie substance is dayly weakned by the apposition of new aliment or foode having still some thing vnlike the former Adde to these that the dissolution of the body is continuall the reparation but by litle and litle after many alterations heere yee see that the naturall heate devouring this our naturall in-bred sappe doth destroy the selfe in end And although that these things doe impose a necessitie of death to man neverthelesse hee may not only prolong his life considering heere the second causes only but also preveene sicknesse and keepâ— himselfe in health and that by the righâ— and moderate vse of these outward circumstances in themselues indifferent and â—o good if rightly and circumspectly vsed â—ut evill if not These are the aire meate â—rink sleeping waking motion and rest â—he excretion of the excrements of the â—ody and the passions of the minde all which are so necessarie to the lyfe of man â—hat it can not last long without the vse of â—he same for the continual dissolution of the â—ody requireth a reparation by meate Then â—eepe is needfull for the disgestion and â—estitution of the spirits waking for the â—xercises and functions of the spirits and â—he stirring vp of the naturall heate and â—est is necessare for the refreshing of both â—ody and spirites wearied and seing naâ—ure can not turne all her meate in good â—ubstance the excretion of the superfluiâ—es was needfull The passions of the â—ynde by reason of the objects that are â—ffered good or evill can not also bee â—shewed for the moderation then of these â—ircumstances remarke these few Canons â—ollowing Canon 1. It is expedient for the preserving of â—ealth and preveening of diseases that eâ—ery one whose age and force doth permite should everie yeare draw blood and purge and that in the spring because the body replenished with humors doth readily at that tyme fall in diverse diseases while as the naturall heate revived by the approching of the sunne towards 〈◊〉 doth attempt the expulsion of these humors out of the body from the which enterprise of nature ariseth a conflict if nature haue the victory man escapeth but if shee succumbe man dyeth that nature doth thus attempt the expulsion of these humors it is knowne by these intercutanean diseases as are itch pustuls byles vlcers and such like which wee see commonly in the Spring to fall out The body in the winter by two meanes is replenished with humors the one is
sweate causes the itch scabbe pustuls and such like therefore it is to bee procured by frictions baines and exercise Of exercise Because that frictions and baines are not much vsed leaving them wee shalâ— speake a little of exercise Exercise should be much regarded anâ— moderatlie vsed by those who hath 〈◊〉 care of their health this Galen testifietâ— in his booke of good and evill meate iâ— these words For the keeping of healtâ— a continuall rest is a great hinder as iâ— the contrare moderate motion is a greâ— helpe By exercise the members of thâ— body are hardned and so made fitte tâ— sustaine any labour the naturall heate iâ— quickned and so prompter for his functions and the body is made more agilâ— and nimble in his actions Heere by exercise I vnderstand honest games and pâ—stimes not these debosht lose-tymes cards dyce tables and such like fathers and fosterers of jarres and mischiefe bookes furnishing lyes oathes blasphemie hurtsome to the health of the body troublesome to the good of the estate and hinderance to the rest and peace of the soule I leaue such devyces of Sathan entysing to sinne to bee thought or treated of by ragged ribaulds and lowsie licentious limmers the fittest pen-men of such a processe discharging by the right of a physitian and the charity of a Christian all generous honest spirits who tends the health of their body the wealth of their estate and aeternall wellfare of their soule of such hel-bred conceats The tyme most proper for these honest exercises is the morning when the stomack hath made an end of his digestion and the belly of his expulsion so that both â—ee lightned of their burthen Hence we may see how our dayly custome of exerâ—ising after meate is not good first â—hen by this our motion the digestion is hindred by a catching of our meate to â—nd fro as the Plough-man doth with his â—aill in his coge when hee would haue them faine cooled this catching suffereth it not to settle it selfe in the ground of the stomack the place of digestion secondly because the body by exercise being made hote draweth from the stomack and the lever by the meanes of this heate the meate before it bee well prepared which breeds obstructions in the veines within and scabbes without our scabbed schollers that keepeth no fit tyme nor just terme of their pastimes may suffice to instance this alleagance The terme or end of exercising should bee when the face becommeth red and swelled and the sweate issues foorth through the whole body leaving it before reddnesse turne to palenesse and swelling to swampnesse and sweate to be like weet otherwise in stead to bee refreshed yee shall be wearyed and for dissipating of the humores by the pores of the body yee shall dissolue the spirits by the passages of the same Some exercises imploy some particular members of the body as the Tayler his hands and head the Webster his legges and armes the Tobacco man his mouth and nose the Beggar the nailes of his thumbes and tongue Coupers Trumpeters and Pipers their â—heekes hands and mouth the most firie and wicked scolds their tongue and the â—icentious whoores their taile these I passe â—y not having many particular exercises â—o treate of vsed amongst vs worthie of consideration or speciall delineation and very few vniversall except the foote-ball which often doth more good to the Chiâ—urgians than evill to the Physitians by aâ—y helpe the body getteth the gooffe and â—rcherie from the which exercises they come ofter hungrie than sweating and the â—innice or ketch the best of all if it bee moderately and orderly vsed In all exercises whereby men sweates 〈◊〉 except these that are vnder the sheetes â—hese things are to bee remarked first â—hat in your gaming your mynde be free â—f all feare the gadges being little or none otherwise the minde shall bee in a conâ—inuall vexation and neither body nor mind â—hall receaue any recreation Secondly if 〈◊〉 tyme of game you thirst let your drink â—ee small aile taken in a little quantiâ—ie not water for it by the open passages going streight to the liver will coole â—t too much on the which insueth often hydropsie nor wyne for by it the lyver already heate is set on a fire on the which followeth frequently a fever Thirdly after your exercise haue a care to cause rubbe away the sweate in a warme chamber with dry warme linnings see that the body rubbed bee straight least the wrinkels of the skinne doe hinder the issuing of the sweate see the rubbers bee many and nimble and that they rubbe not over hard for this doth stoppe the passages nor too soft for it goeth not halfe farre in but a mediocritie in all things is good The excrements of the heade in the morning ought to bee purged by sternutatories or sneezngs of betonie leafes or marjoline leaues and by masticatores chawed which because they are litle in vse I will passe over them and speake of that which supplyeth their place which is Tobacco Of Tobacco Tobacco is an hearbe fetcht from the West Indies to vs some calleth it Nicotiana from Master Iohn Nicote that brought it first to France out of Portugall hee beeing Ambassadour for the time there The Portugalles brought it first in Europe out of the Iland Trinada and 〈…〉 om Peru in the continent of America â—ome tearme it petoun or tobacco Tobacco is of a temper hotte and dry â—s appeareth first from the effects thereof â—s to purge cold and moist humours as 〈…〉 egme or pituite hence it is that it doth â—arme to fyrie hotte bilious persons except it bee taken in little quantitie and â—hat for the cleansing of the head from â—hese cold superfluous humours which a â—old stomacke hath sent to it commonly these men haue cold stomacks hot â—ivers and weake heads for these three â—eadily follow one another so the cold stomack filleth the head with colde vaâ—ours and the mouth with cold humors â—s doe appeare by their continuall spitting It hurteth also melancholiens if it bee 〈…〉 ot for the foresaid reasons by drying of â—heir body too much but aggrieth best with the pituous â—â—â—gmatick as dayly experience doth approve Secondly from â—he byting qualitie that is in it by the which it moveth vomite Thirdly from â—he purging facultie downward Fourthly from the penetrative subtile facultie outward as appeareth by the issuing of sweate after the vse of it in some Fifthly from the thirst and drouth it moveth which is taken away by the vse of drink Sixthly from the wind it dryveth forth and that both vpward and downeward Lastly from the giddinesse of the head which proceedeth from a melting of the flegme through the head which beeing melted it stoppeth the passages of the spirits so the stronger the Tobacco bee the sooner it melteth it and more of it and therefore strong Tobacco moveth this giddinesse most and soonest this giddinesse is stopped by a drink of ale or any cooling drinke which
humours our blood and our members for by that it furnisheth matter and nouriture to our spirits it passeth so quickly through the body that it printeth presently the qualities wherewith it is indued in the parts of the same and therefore there is nothing able to change more shortly the body than it so that from the constitution of the aire the good or evill disposition of the spirits humors and members almost doe depend we should therefore haue a speciall respect of the same For to vnderstand the goodnesse of the aire wee would not only consider the first qualities of it whereof two are actiue to wit heate and cold and two passiue humiditie and drynesse but also the second qualities taken from the substance as grosse or subtile pure or mistie cleare or dark wee may adde to these the qualities that flow from the state of it as constancie and mutabilitie equalitie and inequalitie A good air then hath no excesse in the qualities that is neither too hote nor cold moist nor dry if it exceede this measure it is better to decline to drouth than to waknesse for drouth is still more wholesome than raine It is also of a mediocre substance betweene grosse and subtile being pure and neate cleare and light constant and equall such an aire reviues the spirits purifieth the blood procureth appetite helpeth the digestion banisheth the excrements foorth of the body in good tyme coloureth the face rejoyceth the heart quickneth the senses sharpneth the wit and fortifieth the members so that all the actions of the body animals vitals and naturals are made better by it A suddaine change in the aire is evill but especially if it changeth from great humiditie and waknesse to great heate or cold for the raine having filled the body with humores the following heate doth putrifie them or the cold hindring their exhalation doth procure their corruption A contaminate aire with filthy exhalations arysing from standing waters dead carcases middings gutters closets and the filth of the streets all which if any where are to bee found heere which argueth a great oversight of the magistrats bringeth a great hurt to the inhabitants and a great good to the Physitians Apothecaries and bel-man corrupteth the spirits and humors and engedereth often a deadly contagion or pest High places as hilles are fittest for the morning-walke because the sun beating on them first doth dry vp the vapours thereof but low wallyes in midowes and about fountaines are most proper for the evening If Gallants the health and well-fare of your body and the care of the felicitie eternall of your soule doth not worke in thee a detest irreconcilable of drinking this tyme which would be spent in wholesome walkes and holy conferences let shame deterre you For what I pray you is a drunken man hee is one that hath let goe himselfe from the hold and stay of reason and lyeth open to the mercie of all tentations no lust but finds him disarmed and fencelesse and with the least assault entereth every man seeth him as Cham saw his father the first of this sinne an vncovered man and though his garment bee on yet hee is vncovered the secreetest partes of his soule lying in the nakedest manner visible all his passions come out all his vanities and these shamefuller humours which discretion clotheth his body becommeth at last like a myrie way where the spirits are clogged and can not passe hee is a blind man with eyes and creeple with legges Tobacco serues to aire him after a washing and is his only breath in a word hee is a man to morrow-morning but is now what yee will make him And should our gallants bee drunke the chiefe burthen of whose braine is the carriage of their body and setting of their face in a good frame which they performe the better because they are not distracted with other meditations whose outside when yee haue seene you haue looked through them yet they are something more than the shape of a man for they haue length bredth and colour their pick-tooth beareth a great part of their discourse so doth their body the vpper parts whereof are as starcht as their linnen they are never serious but with the Tayler when they are in conspiracie for the next device they are furnished with jests as some wanderer with sermons some three for all congregations one especially against the Scholler whom these ignorant ruffians know by no other definition but sillie fellow in black they haue stayed in the world as cyphers to fill vp the number and when they are gone there lacketh none and there is an end Canon 10. When the stomack is lightned of the burden of meate about three or foure houres after supper goe to rest and sleepe and because a great part of our life is spended in sleeping and lying wee shall make a little digression for its cause Of Sleepe Sleepe giveth rest to the facultie animall and vigour to the naturall for when the spirits animales are dissipate by labour then sleepe seaseth on vs through the meanes of the naturall heate which in the digestion of the meate sends vp vapours to the head the which being condensed and turned in a grosser substance by the coldnesse of the braine doth stoppe incontinent the passages of the spirits whereby the body is moved Sleepe ought to be quyet profound and of moderate length for sleepe troubled with dreames or so light that little sturre doth awake or hinder it is not good long sleepe is worst of all for it hindereth the evacuation of the excrements gathereth abundance of superfluities maketh the head and the whole body heavie and drowsie the spirits dull senses stupide and the members lazie Sleepe should bee continued while the digestion bee absolved which in some is sooner in others latter neverthelesse it is commonly ended in six seven or eight houres when the digestion is perfite then the belly doth the duetie the water is golden coloured the stomack is not bended with wind nor troubled with evill smelling rifts the body is nimble and quicke Choleriks should sleepe more than phlegmaticks that their body by sleepe may be made moist bairnes and old men theu young men or of middle age the one to hinder thee to fast dissipation of their fluxile and humide body through the open pores the other for the helping of his digestion after great varietie and much meate sleepe should be longer than at other tymes as also after heavie labour and long travell In your lying the head shoulders and the vpper part of the body should bee higher than the rest that the meate regorge not to the mouth of the stomack It is not good to ly on the back for by that posture the neires are made too apte to the making of gravell or stones the veine caue and the great arterie which doe leane on the loines made warme sends vp many vapors to the head and the excrements of the head that should bee evacuate by the
sillie foole The frenetick foole when old miser is gone to hell to beare Dives companie who living would not bestow a pennie on the poore or dying leaue any of his goods for any publick worke as planting of Seminaries of learning building of Kirks and Hospitals not able to suffer the heat the hedge doth make presently maketh a breach in turnâ—ng his fathers cape as old as the King in a silke bever his two pennie band in a thirtie pound ruffe his coate and cloake of the wyfes making in some risâ—ing silks and his doubled with panne drop de sean cloake His course prickes in stocâ—kings garters roses russet walking bootes and gingling long necked spurres his prentise in a page Thus breach being made where through the Gallant hath past his body next the tempestuous winde of the vengeance of GOD which the father had scraped together with the goods seaseth on the hedge and entereth the better of the breach this wind is some mischeife befallen this Gallant in his intemperat over night drinking as murther or by his immoderate gaming at cards and dyce the divells two speciall factors as losing of a great part of his goods the murther takes his head losing takes his wit so that thereafter as a madde man desparing of recoverie with both his hands he throweth downe the hedge and scattereth the same abroad to everie one passing by thus my Gentleman the last yeere by the meanes of his geare supposed a Lords peere this yeere being poore is a beggars brother and yet these gentills are very frequent amongst vs so for one lawfully begotten and truely nobilitate by vertue there be twentie earth borne bastards new start-vps by the excrements of their mother the earth if I were a noble I should be ashamed of such a mother The silly foole sitteth within his hedge like a gouse on egges then presently a cunning catching Lawyer marries his sister who findeth out some clause in his evidents by the which hee alledgeth a parte of the hedge to belong to him so my block-head getteth vp to hold vp his hedge The while hee is a strugling with his partie there commeth one behind him a pirate by sea or a thiefe by land and hee pulleth downe a parte of it next his wife at home tyed to him a duarfe or an impotent either of body or of mynd sometymes of both forced by her parents allured by his goods to match with him yea if without offence I may say it holden like a Kow to the Bull not enjoying though a reasonable soule the libertie of the prettie birds vnreasonable beasts who doth make choise of their owne mates maketh of a silly asse a horned sheepe Thus the Lawers chyding the Pirats or theeves robbing the wifes whooring abateth the poore sottes little courage and not prevailing for all his toyling hee returneth gouse-like to his nest againe where wringing his hands and hanging his head his geare hee seeth spent while hee hath neither meate drinke nor clothes of it Of the diseases befals Children and their cure Although that children bee best provyded in naturall heat and moysture from the which the life of man depends yet they are subject to many diseases Children that are all over scabbed also that cast much flegme and pituite at mouth nose suchlyke these whose bellie is verie louse if it doe not proceed from too great aboundance of meate prognosticks a more constant health to follow The infirmities of babes are pustuls in the roofe of the mouth called the water canker vomiting cough watching the night feare in the sleepe waknesse of the eares and inflamation of the navell And when their teeth breaks foorth they are troubled with a itch in the gumes fevers convulsions fluxe and when they become older and greater an inflamation in the waxe kirnels disjoynting of the vertebres or links of the back a shortnesse of the breath the gravell wormes cruells and other tumors in diverse parts of the body The pustuls of the mouth according to Galen commeth of the sharpnesse and serositie of the milk which easily exulcerateth that place being as yet tender Vomiting is from the abundance of the milk over-charging the weake stomack the cogh is from the humiditie of the braine distilling on the lightes night watching of the sharpnesse of the vapours that ariseth from the stomack to the head Feare in the sleepe is of the meate corrupted in the stomack which sendeth evill vapours to the head from the which aryseth dreames procuring feare The runing of the eares is from the humiditie of the braine the inflammation of the navell proceedeth of the evill cutting and binding of the same The icth of the gumes from the pricking of the teeth preasing foorth The fever floweth from the paine the teeth maketh from the night watching and from the inflammation of the gingives Convulsions are from the former causes as also from the cruditie of the nurishment which hurteth the nervous partes which are not as yet strong The fluxe commeth of the indigestion of the stomacke The inflammation of the waxe kirneles and likewise the dislocation of the linkes of the backe are from defluxion from the head as also the shortnesse of breath called Asthma The gravell taketh the origine from aboundance of raw humours ingendred of the gluttonie of the chyld the which going to the bladder furnisheth matter to the heate to worke on for the production either of a stone or of gravell Wormes breeds of the corruption of the superfluities of the body and of the great heat of the same Tumours Cruels and the like of the aboundance of the foresaid supperfluities Hence it appeareth that bairnes are subject to many sicknesses which ariseth either from the comming foorth of the teeth or from the evill nourishment they haue gotten in their mothers bellie or of the evill milk of the Nurse or from their evill guiding by their mother and Nurse or from their owne gluttonie or immomoderacie in soucking drinking eating moving or sleeping For to make the teeth come foorth easily and so to preveene the sicknesse that may flow from thence as fevers convulsion and the rest the Nurse must rubbe the gumes gently with her finger both for to open the passages and also to draw foorth the water that is within bowing the childs head that the rheume may powre out afterward oynt the same with oyle of camomile or sweat almonds or dukes or hennes grease or with hony or fresh butter During this tyme hee should souck lesse then before also abstaine from all chawing meate not vsing any thing that is actually cold for feare it ding back the humour sent thither to prepare the passage to the teeth that are comming foorth for the eshewing of the rest of the diseases let the mother the childe and the Nurse keepe the dyet that hath beene set downe to them and so I leaue them Of conception according to the diverse sortes of it As conception doth cause joy when it is found