Selected quad for the lemma: soul_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
soul_n	body_n	consist_v	whole_a	3,665	5	5.7620	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A11815	Naturall philosophy, or, A description of the world, namely, of angels, of man, of the heauens, of the ayre, of the earth, of the water and of the creatures in the whole world.; Rerum naturalium doctrina methodica. English	Scribonius, Wilhelm Adolf, fl. 1576-1583.; Widdowes, Daniel.; Wydowes, I.	1621 (1621)	STC 22111; ESTC S971	34,963	68

former The cullours of the Raine-bow be light read green sky cullour and yeallow the raine-bow is a foreteller of raine it sheweth that many vapours are dissolued which will shortly be raine The hayle is like this but it is alwayes vnder the sunne Meteors of dissolued cloudes are either hardened or moist as raine which is as it were a cloude melted and turned vnto water if the cloude be neare the earth the drops are great if hie the drops are smaller The rayning of frogges fish milke flesh and such like come of such matter being carried vp which doth againe fall with the raine as wormes c. are begotten of dead carkases in summer time Meteors made harde after the cloud hath beene melted are snow and Haile Snow is a cloude prepared for raine before it fall being congealed by cold is by the motion of the windes dispersed into fleakes and falleth onely in winter Hayle is rayne made hard in the fall the higher the fall the rounder and lesser because in the fall it melteth It hayleth most in Autume and in the spring For then the sharpe ayre hath most power ouer the drops and in winter the extreame cold maketh it snow being yet in the cloudes In the lowest region of the Ayre are dew and frost Dew is a vapour thickned with some earthly matter which in falling is presently turned vnto water Dew falleth onely in summer for then the vapour is dissolued with the Sunne A fat kind of dew like melting hony especially at the shining of Syrius being gathered from leaues of trees is Manna called also wilde honey or meldewes This Manna hardened by the heate of ☉ into lumpes is called Tereniabin Frost is a dewish vapour made very hard by cold in winter before it be dissolued Meteors made of both kindes of smoake ioyned togeather are windes and such like Winde is a subtil smoake beaten downeward by the cold in the middle of the ayre and is moued sideling on the earth Auncients noted out 12. principall windes all which in regard of matter are hote and dry but differ for their situation of their quarter The winde being great carried with force darkens the Ayre and is called a storme If it doe roll about it is a Whirle winde if it be but small it is called Ayre An Earthquake is a fume contained in the earth when it findeth no vent it shaketh it is made according to the breadth or depth of the earth In breadth it causeth sometime such trembling that it shaketh downe whole citties that in depth causeth a gaping or swelling A Gaping is when the Earth openeth as it were her mouth and doth swallow downe trees walles c. A Swelling is when the earth being lifted vp like a mountaine either remaineth so or else falleth downe againe NAtures mixed perfectly are liuing and corporal essences indeued with a Vegetatiue soule A Vegetatiue soule is a facultie giuing life to bodyes Therfore so long as any part of this shall exercise her power in any body so long is that aliue and remaineth safe But her cheife operation so life it selfe consisteth either in preseruing seueral bodies or whole kindes Nourishment is the preseruing of seuerall bodies and is the making of foode receiued like to the body norished Vnder that name is euery thing which is receiued to sustaine our bodyes of which sort is the ayre it selfe Some other faculties are required to perfection of nourishment as concoction his companions Concoction is a working or framing of nourishment and it is made either of temperate or increased heate of the parts to be nourished By temperate heate is made ripening which is a concoction of nourishment with moisture by how much therefore the moisture shal be better tempered with heate by so much is the ripening sooner and more perfect as in a summer too moist the increase of the earth is later made ripe Concoction arising from greater store of heate is either elixation or assation Elixation is a concoction more perfectly working the thicke or watrish moysture with a strong moyst heate As flesh is sod in water whose moist heate altereth and consumeth the fomy moystnes of meate if this elixation remaine vnperfect it is called rawnes and the norishment is not refined for want of moist heate For it was not of power to finish concoction Assation is concoction by meanes of dryer heate fully strengthening the moisture of nourishment If this strength of bodyes be somewhat weake it is called thickning if concoction be vicious it is turned vnto putrifaction Moyst and hote things doe most easily corrupt if the bodyes be not open to the Ayre In stopped bodyes heate hauing no vente is increased Whence commeth inflamation which putrifaction doth follow causing greater heate This of concoction The Companions of concoction are faculties fitly seruing for the perfection of it Of these one goeth before the other followeth The former is Attraction and Retention Attraction is a facultie supplying matter of conuenient nourishment as is seene in things drawing out of the flesh Arrow-heads or thornes deepely fastned So wheat draweth water out of an earthen pot it beeing set vppon the heape Retention which retayneth norishment vntill it be concocted and doth norish the body Nourishment is first put to and afterwarde vnited The companion following concoction is expulsion Expulsion is a driuing backe of vnprofitable matter when concoction is once made it is within or without the body Within when the stronger thrust superfluities to the weaker vntill they come to the weakest of all Encrease which is ioyned to the nourishment is continued but to a certaine age then the nourishing growing weake it ceaseth Now followeth conseruation of the whole stocke Generation is a facultie of the body procreating any thing like to it selfe This faculty preserueth all kindes of thinges in their estate though continually they perish The obiect of generation is the procreating seede of euery thing The changing faculty altereth the seede into parts of the body to be begotten The Ministeriall vertues of this facultie of generation doe change or forme The forming facultie fashioneth the thing into distincte forme THe Vegetatiue soule being explained now followe the kindes of such natures as haue persit or vnperfect growth Those of vnperfect growth are Mettalles which are decocted in the vaynes of the earth Mettalls are to be melted easily or hardly Those that are easie to be dissolued are either first or such as spring from them Principall or first are of themselues from the original as brimstone and Quicksiluer Brimstone is the fatt of the earth with fiery heat decocted vnto his hardenesse which is the cause that it so speedily is enflamed and burneth euen in water yea sooner then the fat of the Beasts which though it be fatter then Brimstone yet is it far colder So that for his fat drines it helpeth scabbes of all kinds the leprie That Brimstone is counted the best which is greene and cleare Quicksiluer is

So farre of Mineralls Now follow Natures perfectly liuing Natures perfectly liuing are Planets or bodies endowed with a soule In all these bodies are sundry vertues according to the temperature of the principall qualities For the forme vseth their qualities as Instruments Whence come diuers distinct degrees of those qualities as some are hot cold dry moyst in the first second third and fourth degree These qualities in the first are obscure and scarce to be perceiued in the second they are apparant and manifest in the third they be vehement and in the fourth immoderate and not to be indured And againe each of these hath a beginning middle and end Plants grow from a stalke or a trunke Those from a stalke haue but one stalke or many Trees are Plants hauing but one stalke full of Boughes and rising on high from the earth Some grow onely in hot Countries others grow indifferently in all places those that prosper best in hot Regions are Frankincense Mace Pepper Palme Balsame Pomegranet Lemmon Ceder The Frankincense tree groweth chiefly in Arabia it is tall and hath leaues like the Mastike tree his gum is soft white fat and round and is apt to perfume and the stiffer and liker Rosen it is so much the better This perfume was vsed for sacrifice Myrrhe is a tree in India of hard wood wrythen towardes the earth with a smooth barke the leaues sharpe poynted towardes the end his gum is fat like Rosen thicke and shining red The distilled liquor of fresh Myrrh was once called Stact but now it is named Storax It is hot and dry in the second degree It dryeth closeth wounds it expelleth the wormes it is of force against an old cough and short winde It is bitter It is good to heale wounds of the head Mace is an Indian tree growing in the I le of Banda It is almost like the Peach tree it hath narrow and short leaues whose fruit is the Nut-meg couered with Mase The Nut-meg hath an huske like a Filberd the fruit is couered with a rinde like our Wal-nut which with ripenesse openeth and sheweth the Mase which doth couer the Nut-meg c. The new and best Nut-meg is full of iuyce or oyle smelling sweete It dryeth and heateth in the ende of the second degree with a kindly binding Pepper groweth in India Of it be two sorts of trees and two sorts of fruits one long the other round The round groweth on branches like vines which imbraceth trees that stand by it and his fruit is in clusters first greene then being dryed it turneth blacke and rough it is gathered in October Long Pepper groweth like the long bud on Nut-trees It is hot and dry Palme tree groweth most in Egypt and Arabia alwayes greene with a long round bodie his barke is like scales of a Fish the more it is pressed the better it groweth therefore was it vsed as a reward for the Conquerour The wild Palme in India is called Thamarind the Date is his fruit it being ripe is blacke and sweete Of these be three kindes Our Dates come from Egypt they are hot temperately Balsame is a low tree his trunke is not much vnlike the Turpentine tree it hath leaues like Rew but whiter neuer falling It groweth in the valley of Hierico and Egypt being cut it sendeth out a milkish liquor it is to be cut in the vpper part of the barke with glasse or bone and not with Iron least it die His iuyce is gathered with wooll into small hornes of it is scarce got each yeare six Congies a Congie is about three Pints Natiue Balme mixed with milke doth easily separate and easily dissolue in water neither doth it staine cloth It is hot and dry in the second degree it is of thin parts and hard to come by In his stead most commonly is vsed the Oyle of Nut-megges The Pomegranet doe follow The Orange doe follow The Ceder tree doe follow 1. Pomegranet is a low tree that hath narrow shining leaues red flowers and his fruit filled with graynes It came from the Country in which Carthage stoode the iuyce of this Apple helpeth the stomacke It is very good in a burning Feuer 2. Pomecytron Lemmon and Orange trees are alwayes greene the leafe of the Cytron is like the Lawreil endented The fruit is rough and alwayes fruitfull his iuyce cureth inflamations and other diseases in the skin the barke comforteth the heart c. The Orange hath a smoother skin and leafe 3. The Ceder is like to Iuniper his leaues being sharper the tree is exceeding tall chiefly of that of Cyprus It neuer rotteth his nature destroying sound things preserueth corrupt things The trees lesse hot are either fruitfull or barren The fruitfull haue fruit that hath a rinde thicke or thin The thinner rinde is of Apples or Berries Apples are round as the Fig Oliue Plum Cherry The Fig tree is not high it hath a smooth barke like the Walnut tree It yeeldeth a long fruit like a Peare full of graines It is so fruitfull that it bringeth forth three or foure times in a yeare so that one Fig thrusteth off another They are of two kindes great and little The Oliue the Apple tree and Peach be common The Quince tree is lower then an Apple tree his fruit hath downie hayre it is called Cidonia of a citie in Crete where first it grew The fruit is colde and binding and doth much profit hot stomackes The Peare the Plum the Medler and the Cherry be common Now follow those trees that beare Berries The Lawrell is a tree growing in hotter countryes which in colde doth hardly prosper it hath sharpe and thicke leaues euer greene with a thin smooth barke his leaues be hot and dry his oyle for hot and softning nature helpeth diseases of the brest and other springing of colde The powder in wine causeth vrine breaketh the stone of the bladder and reynes Iuniper beareth a small fruit the space of two yeares and before the first be ripe it bringeth forth other This tree hath short and sharpe leaues and a straight backe and slit almost in euery place the gum sweating out of it is Vernix called so because it congealeth in the spring It is hot and dry in the third degree It healeth and gleweth and also heateth a colde stomacke His berries are hot and dry in the first degree comforting the spirits and healing putrifactions It consumeth rotten and moyst humors The oyle helpeth the Gout if you anoynt the backe-bone therewith it cureth deafenesse and eaten helpeth melancholy and stayeth the Rhume and the Flux Now follow trees whose fruit hath a shell 1. The Almond tree 2. The Wal-nut tree 3. The Chesnut tree taketh his name of a towne in Magnesia the tree is much like the Wall-nut yet the leafe hath more veines and is edged like a Saw His fruit is couered with a sharpe huske and within it hath a red huske It is of two kindes both hot and dry in the first degree

is a temperate salt humour which if it doe exceede the iust quantitie it doth not exactly perceiue tastes but if it be altogether consumed no tastes are perceiued Smelling iudgeth qualities fit for smell his instrument is the entrance into the first ventricle couered with a small skin the dryer it is the quicker of smell as in Dogs and Vultures but man for the moystnesse of his Braine hath but a dull smell Now follow the inward sences which beside things presently offered doe know formes of many absent things By these the creature doth not onely perceiue but also vnderstandeth that which he doth perceiue These haue their seate in the braine They are either conceiuing or preseruing Conceiuing exerciseth his facultie by descerning or more fully iudging it is called Common sence and the other is Phantasie Common sence more fully distinguisheth sensible things his instrument is the former ventricle of the braine made by drynesse fit to receiue Phantasie is an inward sence more diligently examining the forms of things This is the thought and iudgement of creatures his place is the middle part of the braine being through drynesse apt to retaine The preseruing sence is Memorie which according to the constitution of the braine is better or worse It is weaker in a moyst braine then in the dry braine His instrument is the hinder part of the braine Memorie calling backe images preserued in former time is called Remembrance but this is not without the vse of reason and therefore is onely attributed to man The wittie excell in remembrance the dull in memorie Sleepe is the resting of the feeling facultie his cause is a cooling of the braine by a pleasant abounding vapour breathing forth of the stomacke and ascending to the braine When that vapour is concoct and turned into spirits the heate returneth and the sences recouering their former function cause waking There be certaine appointed courses for watch and sleepe least creatures languish with ouermuch motion Affections of sleepe are Dreames Nightmare and Extasie c. A dreame is an inward act of the minde the bodie sleeping and the quieter that sleepe is the easier bee dreames but if sleepe be vnquiet then the minde is troubled Varietie of dreames is according to the diuers constitution of the bodie The cleare and pleasant dreames are when the spirits of the braine which the soule vseth to imagine with are most pure and thin as towardes morning when concoction is perfected But troublesome dreames are when the spirits bee thicke and vnpure All naturall dreames are by images either before proferred to memorie or conceiued by temperature alone or by some influence from the starres as some thinke From dreames many things may be collected touching the constitution of the bodie The Night-mare is a seeming of being choaked or strangled by one leaping vppon him feare following this compression the voyce is taken away This affection commeth when the vitall spirits in the braine are darkened by vapours ascending from melancholy and phlegme insomuch that that facultie being oppressed some heauie thing seemeth to be layd vpon vs. Therefore this disease is familiar to those who through age or sexe are much inclined vnto these humours An Extasie or traunce is a vehement imagination of the departure for a time of the soule from the bodie A deepe sleepe lasting some dayes enseweth for the soule giuing ouer it selfe to cogitation ceaseth to serue the bodie Wherefore men wanting motion and sence seeme to be dead And with what humours the braine shall be compassed such phancies doth it conceiue although sometime spirits working on such phatasies imprint other things Now followeth Motion which accompanieth sence and is caused either by appetite or change of place for we desiring things perceiued in sence cannot attaine vnto them without mouing our bodie to that thing Appetite is a facultie desiring such things as are obiects to our sence It chiefly followeth touching or thinking Delight followeth touching Delight is a desire of an agreeing Obiect Griefe is his contrarie which is a turning from the hurtfull obiect or from that we count vnpleasant Appetites following cogitation are all the motions of the hart which be called affections and are either good or bad The good cherish and preserue the nature of our sensitiue facultie as mirth loue hope which come of heate when the heart dilating it selfe desireth to enioy the thing with which it is delighted Motion is a facultie of liuing creatures stirring a bodie entised by appetite from one place to another It is eyther of the whole body or of partes Of the whole body as by going c. Of partes as breathing which is made either by enlarging of the parts which serue for the taking in of the ayre or by the closing of them for the expelling of corrupt ayre Now followeth to intreat Of the bodies of liuing creatures The matter of the bodie in which the foresayd faculties be is the seede of both sexes Seede is most pure bloud perfectly concocted in the testicles and it is gathered from the whole bodie For the testicles lacking nourishment draw bloud from the hollow vayne and change it Conception is the action of the wombe by which the power is stirred vp to execute his inbred gift Then that power being stirred vp doth diuersly distract the matter separating his diuers partes and thus all parts alike get together their shape Likewise all of them together are adorned with the faculties of the vegetatiue or sensitiue soule Amongst the naturall faculties of the partes of the body if there be putrifaction a fault of the concocting facultie there is made a certaine generation of matter This is naturall or extraordinary Naturall is by an inbred heate not altogether subdued but slackly exercising force through disposition of the matter Such is to be seene in inflamations botches and impostumes For in these nature so farre as it can laboureth to bring this his subiect matter to the best forme Therefore such suppuration is wont to argue a certaine strength of nature wherefore often with conuenient helpes it is carefully encreased In this kinde especially is praysed white thicke smooth equall and least smelling matter Extraordinary mattering is when nature altogether subdued the humors or parts themselues are made full of corrupt matter through store of rottennesse But nature or the concocting facultie is ouercome either through proper weaknesse or by corrupt matter this is obserued in all rotten malignant and stinking botches in which according to the diuerse fashioning of abounding matter are found diuerse sorts of solid bodies as haires and such other like Of partes of the bodie which appertaine to the making vp of the whole bodie some are containing and some contained The contained for their fluent nature are sustained by helpe of others Such are humours and spirits Humors are moyst partes begot of the first mixture of nourishment in the liuer These are in the seede of creatures and are called the beginning of things endued with

bloud Any of these if they fayle of their proper nature are not fit to be in the bodie but are become vnnaturall Humours are of the first and second sort The first are hot or colde and moyst and dry Bloud is hot and moyst and it is a thin red humour and sweete With this the other partes be chiefly nourished amongst whom this is the chiefe The faults of this is in substance as putrifaction or mixture of vicious humors or in qualitie as too thicke or too thin or is affected with some other badnesse The humour that is hot and dry is choller this is a thinne yellow pale and bitter humour His vse is to helpe the expelling facultie and chiefly in the Guts Gall besides nature through adustion is yellow like an egge yolke in the stomacke it is like rustie brasse The colde and moyst is phlegme which is a tough slimie and whitish humour and tastles If this haue a fuller concoction it is turned into bloud His vse is to moysten the ioynts When it declineth from his proper nature it is salt or tart according to his mixture The colde and dry humour is blacke choller This is a thicke blackish tart bitter humour It serueth to strengthen the stomacke that it may more easily retaine and receiue meate When it declineth from his proper nature by immoderate burning it hath diuers kindes Humours of the second sort are begotten of the first being wrought with concoction they are like dew or glew Dew is a humor contained in the hollownes of the members and ioyned to their substance like dew with which they are nourished Glew is a humour immoderately congealed and being firmely fastned to the members beginneth to bee changed vnto their substance of which change it is called Cambium and carni fornis like the flesh Now follow the spirits which are a fluent part of the bodie most thin and begotten of the bloud of the heart The spirits are the chiefe instrument and as it were the Chariot of the soules faculties for with most speedie and swift motion it carrieth them ouer all the bodie Spirits hauing roote in the heart be either absolute or rude and to be finished in other partes Vitall spirits be absolute in the heart and are of a firie nature and from the heart by arteries are spred in the bodie by whose communication all partes doe liue Spirits to be perfected in other parts bee Animall which from the heart be carryed into the braine and there made subtell by nerues flowing vnto all the other parts and this is the Chariot of functions or faculties of all liuing Creatures Parts containing are more solid which are sustained by themselues all these either are as a stay or couering The stay to other parts is eyther bone or gristle Bone is the hardest and dryest part and stay to all the bodie Bones are knit together by ligaments which are like hard and thicke threeds being as bandes to the bones of the bodie Gristles are somewhat softer then the bones and sustaine all other partes The couering of the other parts is the skin which is tender without bloud and couereth the whole bodie The membrane is tender skin couering some parts There is yet in these parts a common excrement of concoction which is sweat and is a moystnesse of the veynes expelled by secret pores of this is to be seene a diuerse coullour according to the die of the moystnesse or matter thereof the vsuall is watrish through the white substance of the channels through which it runneth But if the pores be large and open that without delay and long change it may slide through them especially if for some all action of minde or disease it become thinner then is it speedily expelled and tainted with some other coullour c. Therefore from the coullour of sweate the bodies constitution may be knowne Colde sweate is worse to be liked then hot but either is bad if they be vnequall Also the containing parts afore-named are animall or vitall and each of these are more or lesse principall Animall parts are in which the animall parts are most exercised as sence and motion together or alone The chiefe member of motion and sence is the braine contained in the head whose substance being hurt it is danger to loose both sence and motion The Braine is softer then the other partes white and couered with a double skinne closely The skin of the braine is eyther called Pia or Dura mater The scalpe is a thicke bone couering the whole head and hath vpon it a skin with hayres The scalpe is distinguished with certaine seames in certaine partes which are true or fayned c. The excrements of the braine are eyther thicke or thin The thin are teares bursting from the braine by the angles of the eyes The greater the flesh of those angles be so much more plentifull be teares chiefly if the complexion be colde and moyst as of women Teares be caused by heate which openeth or colde which presseth the flesh and causeth teares The thicker excrements which are expelled from the brayne eyther are by the eares or nose In the eares is a moyst excrement of the brayne gathering and rotting in their hollownesse That of the nose is a thicker excrement then that of the briane which although it be like flegme yet it is altogether of another nature The pithe of the backe bone is neare to the nature of the braynes excrement saue that it is harder and something hotter The backe is bonie round and in his length hath twentie foure ioynts The Nerves are lesse principall partes of sence and motion which if they be out of order the partes in which these be become vnfit to moue Nerves or sinewes are thin partes round c. white much like to thicke threeds Some are softer some harder The softer are of more vse of which are six paire by two and two from the brayne arriuing to other parts First to the eyes Secondly To mooue the eyes Thirdly to the tongue and taste Fourthly to the pallet and skin of the mouth Fiftly to the hearing The sixt to the mouth of the stomack by which sense and motion descend Hard Nerves haue a duller facultie and lesse seruing to the senses of which are thirtie paire which by couples come from the marrow of the backe bone by whose conduct the backe easily executeth his faculties Of the partes to breath The principall parts of breathing are in the brest being eyther Lightes or Heart wherefore these being touched breathing is immediately hurt and such wounds be deadly The Longes are a spongious and thin part soft and like foame of congealed bloud declining something to the right side Breath is brought vnto the Lightes by a rough Arterie knit to the roote of the tongue This Arterie is a long channell made of many gristle rings on a row which endeth in the Lightes If any thing fall into the hollownesse of this the breath is hindred and there is