truth_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o agreement_n of_o those_o empty_a similitude_n till_o at_o length_n as_o fancy_n let_v loose_a to_o fly_v at_o its_o full_a random_n and_o drive_v forward_o with_o a_o quick_a wit_n do_v natural_o and_o genuinly_a lead_n they_o have_v introduce_v a_o kind_n of_o fanaticism_n into_o philosophy_n build_v in_o the_o main_a or_o in_o great_a part_n on_o a_o pretend_a inward_a light_n by_o mean_n of_o those_o imaginary_a and_o visionary_a idea_n from_o this_o introversion_n upon_o these_o unsolid_a airy_a bubble_n and_o thence_o their_o neglect_v the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o our_o solid_a natural_a notion_n mr._n locke_n be_v bring_v to_o confound_v corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a nature_n and_o consequent_o these_o two_o be_v the_o adequate_a object_n of_o all_o philosophy_n all_o philosophical_a knowledge_n be_v render_v impossible_a and_o cartesius_n leave_v we_o no_o mean_n to_o know_v whether_o man_n be_v one_o thing_n make_v up_o of_o soul_n and_o body_n or_o two_o thing_n tack_v together_o by_o virtue_n of_o some_o accident_n which_o well_o consist_v with_o their_o substantial_a distinction_n hence_o also_o it_o come_v that_o god_n be_v bring_v in_o at_o every_o hard_a pinch_n to_o act_v contrary_a to_o what_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n require_v without_o which_o they_o can_v not_o lay_v their_o principle_n or_o make_v their_o scheme_n cohere_v that_o be_v they_o will_v needs_o make_v god_n as_o he_o be_v the_o author_n and_o orderer_n of_o nature_n to_o work_v either_o preternatural_o or_o else_o supernatural_o which_o be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n nay_o mr._n lock_v find_v no_o fancy_n in_o his_o imaginative_a power_n that_o suit_v with_o our_o notion_n of_o thing_n will_v persuade_v the_o world_n that_o no_o man_n live_v know_v what_o a_o thing_n or_o substance_n be_v that_o be_v that_o none_o know_v what_o the_o word_n thing_n mean_v which_o be_v so_o evident_a to_o our_o natural_a thought_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o rude_a person_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o in_o a_o word_n their_o fancy_n so_o inveigle_v their_o reason_n that_o they_o come_v to_o deny_v self-evident_a truth_n and_o hold_v many_o other_o proposition_n which_o be_v absolute_o impossible_a and_o contradictory_n wherefore_o see_v philosophy_n reduce_v to_o this_o lamentable_a condition_n and_o that_o solid_a rationality_n and_o all_o truth_n in_o natural_a object_n be_v thus_o in_o imminent_a danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v and_o bear_v down_o by_o imaginary_a conceit_n and_o apprehend_v that_o god_n providence_n have_v fit_v and_o enable_v i_o to_o redress_v such_o great_a mischief_n i_o think_v it_o become_v i_o to_o reinstate_v reason_n in_o her_o sovereignty_n over_o fancy_n and_o to_o assert_v to_o she_o the_o rightful_a dominion_n nature_n have_v give_v she_o over_o all_o our_o judgement_n and_o discourse_n i_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o disintricate_a truth_n which_o lie_v too_o deep_a for_o superficial_a fancy_n to_o fathom_n from_o all_o those_o labyrinth_n of_o error_n i_o observe_v that_o philosophy_n labour_v and_o languish_v under_o many_o complicate_v distemper_n all_o spring_v from_o this_o way_n of_o idea_n and_o that_o they_o be_v grow_v epidemical_a nor_o can_v they_o be_v cure_v by_o the_o application_n of_o remedy_n to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a part_n or_o by_o confute_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a error_n hereupon_o have_v find_v out_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o all_o these_o malady_n of_o human_a understanding_n i_o see_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o stub_n up_o by_o the_o root_n that_o way_n itself_o and_o by_o closâ—_n and_o solid_a reason_n the_o most_o decisive_n weapon_n in_o truâ—â—â—_n armoury_n to_o break_v in_o piece_n the_o brittle_a glassy_a essence_n of_o those_o fantastic_a apparition_n which_o if_o a_o right_a way_n of_o reason_v be_v settle_v and_o understand_v will_v disappear_v and_o vanish_v out_o of_o the_o world_n as_o their_o elder_a sister_n the_o fairy_n have_v do_v in_o this_o last_o half_a century_n i_o know_v my_o lord_n reformation_n make_v by_o a_o single_a man_n though_o but_o in_o philosophy_n seldom_o gain_v credit_n to_o he_o who_o attempt_v it_o and_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o to_o pretend_v to_o reform_v where_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n have_v a_o ill_a name_n and_o be_v just_o hold_v to_o spring_v from_o policy_n interest_n pride_n or_o some_o such_o other_o sinister_a motive_n but_o i_o be_o very_o confident_a that_o whoever_o peruse_v this_o treatise_n nay_o but_o even_o the_o preface_n will_v see_v that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o undertake_n be_v not_o only_o expedient_a but_o cogent_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n just_o tax_v he_o of_o arrogance_n or_o of_o usurp_a a_o dictature_n over_o other_o man_n judgement_n though_o he_o oppose_v great_a multitude_n of_o speculater_n who_o offer_v his_o reason_n to_o convince_v they_o to_o this_o necessity_n now_o lay_v open_a of_o reform_v philosophy_n i_o shall_v add_v another_o of_o a_o much_o more_o weighty_a concern_v and_o which_o may_v also_o rectify_v some_o zealon_n well-meaning_a friend_n who_o judge_v of_o thing_n by_o their_o own_o short_a reach_n think_v that_o the_o advance_v truth_n in_o philosophy_n be_v little_o better_a than_o time_n and_o labour_n lose_v whereas_o i_o on_o the_o contrary_a do_v real_o think_v that_o the_o supply_v what_o the_o world_n most_o want_v be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o universal_a good_a i_o can_v possible_o do_v this_o other_o necessity_n then_o of_o my_o rectify_v our_o modern_a philosophy_n which_o will_v make_v other_o see_v how_o great_a a_o good_a it_o be_v be_v this_o those_o truth_n which_o be_v of_o a_o high_a and_o more_o sacred_a nature_n can_v never_o be_v right_o explicate_v nor_o consequent_o such_o man_n not_o value_v authority_n be_v due_o recommend_v to_o those_o who_o dissent_n from_o they_o unless_o true_a principle_n of_o philosophy_n be_v settle_v and_o unsound_a one_o confute_v for_o since_o no_o explication_n of_o faith_n can_v be_v make_v by_o faith_n itself_o all_o of_o they_o must_v necessary_o be_v make_v by_o our_o reason_n show_v the_o conformity_n they_o have_v to_o our_o natural_a notion_n or_o to_o such_o knowledge_n as_o we_o have_v from_o the_o thing_n in_o nature_n especial_o since_o dissenter_n draw_v their_o chief_a objection_n from_o the_o repugnancy_n of_o those_o point_n to_o our_o natural_a principle_n it_o be_v a_o know_a truth_n that_o as_o every_o definition_n must_v be_v the_o selfsame_a notion_n with_o what_o be_v define_v so_o must_v every_o right_a explication_n too_o it_o be_v in_o reality_n nothing_o but_o the_o unfolding_n what_o be_v before_o wrap_v up_o close_o whence_o follow_v that_o when_o he_o who_o have_v the_o ill_a luck_n to_o have_v take_v up_o false_a principle_n come_v to_o explicate_v the_o trinity_n the_o incarnation_n the_o resurrection_n or_o any_o high_a point_n of_o reveal_v faith_n his_o explication_n must_v always_o be_v contrary_a to_o true_a principle_n of_o nature_n and_o perhaps_o may_v have_v twenty_o real_a contradiction_n in_o it_o and_o so_o common_a reason_n as_o be_v say_v tell_v all_o sensible_a man_n that_o the_o explication_n must_v be_v the_o same_o sense_n with_o the_o point_n which_o it_o explicate_v the_o tenet_n of_o faith_n will_v suffer_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o witty_a man_n by_o such_o a_o untoward_a and_o senseless_a explication_n be_v ridiculous_a to_o adversary_n and_o be_v hold_v perfect_a nonsense_n and_o contradiction_n whereas_o if_o the_o philosophy_n by_o which_o those_o tenet_n be_v explicate_v be_v true_a and_o solid_a then_o since_o both_o natural_a and_o reveal_v truth_n be_v child_n of_o the_o same_o father_n the_o god_n and_o author_n of_o all_o truth_n who_o can_v contradict_v himself_o and_o therefore_o those_o two_o sort_n of_o truth_n can_v but_o agree_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o explication_n of_o all_o reveal_v point_n make_v according_a to_o true_a philosophy_n must_v needs_o appear_v to_o intelligent_a man_n to_o be_v most_o rational_a and_o most_o consonant_a and_o not_o contradictory_n to_o true_a natural_a principle_n which_o will_v comfort_v faith_n in_o those_o who_o believe_v already_o recommend_v it_o to_o all_o ingenuous_a and_o indifferent_a seeker_n help_v to_o convert_n to_o christianity_n those_o who_o reason_n be_v former_o dissatisfy_v upon_o such_o sinister_a misconceit_n and_o last_o confound_v adversary_n by_o put_v they_o past_o oppose_v it_o by_o any_o principle_n of_o true_a philosophy_n and_o leave_v nothing_o for_o they_o to_o object_n against_o it_o but_o idle_a and_o ill-grounded_n fancy_n who_o weak_a attempt_n be_v easy_o defeat_v whence_o i_o can_v hearty_o wish_v that_o be_v true_a philosophy_n in_o fashion_n all_o sect_n so_o the_o state_n think_v fit_a may_v have_v free_a liberty_n to_o print_v the_o best_a reason_n they_o can_v muster_v up_o against_o christianity_n rest_a confident_a
sensation_n our_o own_o existence_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o any_o other_o body_n whatever_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o mr._n locke_n will_v grant_v they_o will_v since_o then_o the_o embryo_n in_o the_o womb_n lie_v in_o a_o roundish_n posture_n why_o may_v not_o one_o part_n of_o it_o by_o touch_v another_o or_o operate_n upon_o it_o cause_n in_o we_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o soul_n which_o have_v a_o capacity_n of_o receive_v notion_n be_v in_o it_o a_o notion_n of_o our_o own_o existence_n by_o way_n of_o sensation_n especial_o since_o operation_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o 7._o existence_n of_o the_o agent_n body_n press_v or_o imprint_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o another_o by_o motion_n certain_o it_o become_v we_o who_o deny_v innate_a idea_n to_o show_v how_o all_o our_o first_o notion_n do_v come_v into_o we_o by_o impression_n on_o the_o sense_n and_o not_o to_o say_v raw_o that_o some_o of_o they_o come_v by_o intuition_n which_o be_v the_o way_n of_o know_v proper_a to_o angel_n who_o knowledge_n be_v all_o innate_a and_o none_o of_o they_o acquire_v either_o by_o sense_n or_o discourse_n for_o they_o have_v neither_o this_o i_o say_v be_v certain_o best_a for_o the_o interest_n of_o our_o tenet_n of_o which_o intuition_n give_v but_o a_o slender_a account_n i_o believe_v mr._n locke_n proceed_v upon_o this_o that_o he_o find_v he_o not_o only_o do_v but_o must_v as_o firm_o assent_v to_o the_o proposition_n ego_fw-la sum_fw-la as_o he_o do_v to_o the_o most_o evident_a proposition_n whatever_o nor_o can_v he_o at_o all_o doubt_n of_o it_o nor_o can_v it_o need_v proof_n but_o my_o judgement_n be_v that_o this_o introversion_n and_o study_v our_o own_o interior_a be_v a_o very_a fallacious_a guide_n and_o will_v often_o lead_v we_o astray_o if_o we_o keep_v not_o a_o steady_a eye_n attentive_o bend_v to_o our_o principle_n which_o he_o seem_v here_o to_o neglect_v for_o many_o position_n need_v no_o proof_n and_o force_v our_o assent_n and_o yet_o their_o certainty_n may_v depend_v on_o different_a cause_n 10._o the_o 12_o chapter_n treat_v of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n which_o mr._n locke_n say_v do_v not_o depend_v on_o maxim_n principle_n but_o first_o he_o mistake_v the_o use_v of_o general_n maxim_n they_o be_v not_o make_v for_o the_o vulgar_a or_o beginner_n to_o gather_v knowledge_n by_o they_o though_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n do_v natural_o use_v they_o when_o they_o suit_v their_o purpose_n nay_o sometime_o make_v proverb_n of_o they_o nor_o be_v this_o maxim_n a_fw-la whole_a be_v big_a than_o a_o part_n ever_o intend_v for_o boy_n or_o to_o teach_v they_o that_o their_o hand_n be_v big_a than_o their_o little_a finger_n or_o such_o like_a but_o be_v premise_v to_o the_o ensue_a proof_n they_o be_v occasional_o make_v use_n of_o by_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o process_n of_o their_o discourse_n to_o clinch_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n when_o it_o need_v it_o by_o their_o self-evidence_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o myself_o have_v very_o frequent_o have_v recourse_n to_o metaphysical_a principle_n and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o in_o my_o preliminary_n and_o reflection_n as_o occasion_n present_v to_o make_v my_o discourse_n evident_a and_o to_o rivet_v the_o truth_n i_o advance_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o my_o reader_n as_o any_o attentive_a peruser_n of_o they_o may_v easy_o observe_v he_o speak_v against_o our_o receive_v principle_n without_o examination_n and_o of_o principle_n that_o be_v not_o certain_a that_o be_v against_o such_o say_n as_o be_v no_o principle_n for_o if_o they_o can_v either_o need_v or_o admit_v of_o examination_n or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o certain_a none_o but_o mere_a fop_n will_v let_v they_o pass_v for_o prinples_n yet_o though_o mr._n locke_n do_v thus_o oppose_v maxim_n and_o principle_n it_o be_v notwithstanding_o very_o evident_a that_o himself_o must_v make_v use_n of_o some_o maxim_n and_o principle_n all_o the_o while_o he_o dispute_v against_o their_o usefulness_n otherwise_o he_o can_v discourse_v at_o all_o or_o his_o discourse_n can_v have_v no_o force_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o that_o wrestle_v with_o another_o must_v either_o fix_v his_o foot_n on_o some_o firm_a ground_n or_o he_o will_v fall_v himself_o instead_o of_o overthrow_v his_o adversary_n let_v we_o then_o examine_v his_o principle_n he_o allege_v that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o principle_n examine_v depend_v only_o upon_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o idea_n this_o then_o be_v one_o of_o his_o principle_n both_o because_o it_o run_v through_o good_a part_n of_o his_o 3d_o and_o four_o book_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v equivalent_a to_o this_o universal_a all_o certainty_n of_o principle_n depend_v etc._n etc._n now_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o self-evident_a that_o it_o need_v examination_n enough_o and_o be_v one_o of_o those_o i_o judge_v not_o certain_a and_o therefore_o can_v be_v no_o ground_n or_o principle_n at_o all_o nor_o be_v it_o possible_a it_o shall_v unless_o the_o word_n idea_n be_v clear_v to_o mean_v spiritual_a notion_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o not_o mere_a resemblance_n or_o material_a representation_n in_o our_o fancy_n to_o clear_v which_o though_o the_o whole_a treatise_n need_v it_o no_o provision_n be_v make_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o two_o vast_o different_a thing_n be_v rather_o careless_o confound_v as_o be_v show_v in_o my_o first_o preliminary_n another_o principle_n seem_v to_o be_v this_o none_o aught_o with_o a_o blind_a and_o implicit_a faith_n to_o receive_v and_o swallow_v principle_n this_o be_v of_o universal_a influence_n and_o self-evident_a and_o therefore_o in_o all_o point_n well_o qualify_v for_o a_o principle_n for_o principles_n be_v not_o principle_n if_o they_o need_v either_o faith_n or_o deduction_n of_o reason_n to_o make_v they_o go_v down_o since_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v evident_a by_o their_o own_o light_n but_o what_o good_a can_v this_o do_v to_o any_o but_o to_o such_o as_o have_v renounce_v common_a sense_n even_o to_o ridiculousness_n and_o perhaps_o mr._n locke_n have_v some_o such_o weak_a writer_n in_o his_o eye_n when_o he_o advance_v this_o cautious_a position_n as_o a_o warn_v to_o learner_n 11._o now_o the_o general_a maxim_n and_o principle_n on_o which_o the_o learned_a part_n of_o the_o world_n have_v hitherto_o proceed_v inevident_a can_v only_o be_v overthrow_v if_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v so_o by_o other_o principle_n more_o evident_a than_o themselves_o be_v or_o else_o it_o will_v be_v but_o a_o draw_a match_n and_o so_o they_o may_v hope_v still_o to_o stand_v as_o the_o lawyer_n phrase_n it_o in_o their_o full_a force_n effect_v and_o virtue_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v then_o what_o principle_n mr._n locke_n have_v substitute_v in_o their_o room_n when_o they_o be_v discard_v for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a case_n to_o be_v leave_v without_o any_o principle_n at_o all_o it_o be_v this_o all_o knowledge_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o principle_n and_o consequent_o the_o way_n to_o improve_v our_o knowledge_n be_v to_o get_v and_o fix_v in_o our_o mind_n clear_a distinct_a and_o complete_a idea_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o annex_v to_o they_o proper_a and_o constant_a name_n now_o if_o the_o idea_n must_v be_v clear_a the_o term_n must_v be_v very_o simple_a and_o consequent_o as_o be_v show_v above_o general_n one_o and_o this_o will_v force_v we_o back_o upon_o general_a maxim_n which_o it_o be_v intend_v we_o shall_v avoid_v as_o good_a for_o little_a to_o be_v distinct_a if_o we_o go_v to_o work_v like_o artist_n we_o must_v distinguish_v those_o general_n and_o common_a notion_n which_o will_v bring_v we_o back_o into_o the_o old_a road_n of_o those_o ten_o common_a head_n call_v predicament_n and_o consequent_o of_o genus_fw-la species_n and_o difference_n which_o be_v late_o dislike_v i_o suppose_v because_o it_o be_v too_o much_o travel_v in_o and_o beat_v though_o i_o think_v such_o a_o common_a path_n shall_v not_o be_v leave_v because_o some_o may_v have_v here_o and_o there_o lay_v a_o block_n or_o briar_n in_o the_o way_n last_o complete_a idea_n as_o he_o grant_v be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v of_o the_o species_n much_o less_o of_o the_o individuum_n and_o as_o for_o name_n it_o be_v not_o we_o that_o be_v to_o annex_v they_o but_o the_o common_a usage_n of_o the_o vulgar_a or_o of_o the_o generality_n of_o learned_a man_n in_o case_n they_o be_v artificial_a one_o for_o these_o be_v they_o who_o give_v they_o their_o constant_a and_o proper_a signification_n whence_o be_v see_v that_o so_o many_o difficulty_n be_v involve_v in_o this_o one_o thesis_n or_o principle_n beside_o what_o be_v say_v
and_o regular_o upon_o their_o anvil_n may_v make_v as_o good_a consequence_n as_o those_o he_o speak_v of_o and_o put_v they_o to_o be_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o reason_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o this_o acute_a author_n fancy_v unintelligible_a mystery_n in_o the_o annex_v word_n to_o his_o idea_n nay_o as_o appear_v here_o in_o word_n take_v without_o idea_n or_o the_o sense_n of_o they_o that_o be_v in_o senseless_a sound_n or_o character_n whereas_o my_o weak_a speculation_n though_o i_o bend_v my_o sight_n never_o so_o strong_o can_v discern_v any_o annexion_n other_o than_o this_o that_o man_n have_v agree_v that_o such_o word_n shall_v signify_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n or_o notion_n all_o other_o annexion_n be_v unaccountable_a nor_o can_v i_o see_v how_o in_o such_o say_n as_o this_o mr._n locke_n do_v as_o philosopher_n ought_v guide_v himself_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o hand_n viz._n word_n and_o reason_n for_o word_n abstract_v from_o his_o 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point_n of_o the_o reveal_v faith_n be_v there_o will_v be_v convey_v new_a metaphorical_a notion_n translate_v from_o our_o natural_a one_o which_o be_v proper_a i_o grant_v too_o that_o revelation_n can_v be_v admit_v against_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n i_o wish_v that_o instead_o of_o the_o word_n revelation_n he_o have_v rather_o say_v pretence_n of_o revelation_n for_o otherwise_o some_o reader_n may_v hap_v to_o take_v his_o word_n in_o a_o disedifying_a sense_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o possible_a case_n that_o revelation_n itself_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v opposite_a to_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o in_o case_n they_o hap_v to_o contract_v must_v truckle_n and_o submit_v to_o it_o my_o judgement_n in_o the_o point_n be_v this_o that_o suppose_v the_o revelation_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o mean_v lay_v by_o god_n to_o assure_v we_o he_o have_v reveal_v such_o and_o such_o point_n which_o therefore_o can_v but_o be_v certain_a to_o we_o or_o evident_a at_o least_o to_o those_o who_o be_v guide_n to_o other_o the_o case_n imply_v here_o be_v impossible_a because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o god_n who_o give_v we_o our_o nature_n shall_v as_o mr._n l._n well_o express_v it_o will_n we_o to_o admit_v any_o thing_n for_o true_a in_o a_o direct_a contradiction_n to_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o our_o understanding_n i_o add_v not_o to_o admit_v it_o as_o true_a if_o the_o motive_n be_v but_o probable_a or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o if_o the_o thing_n may_v be_v false_a what_o i_o be_o here_o to_o note_v be_v that_o two_o caution_n be_v necessary_a in_o this_o occasion_n the_o one_o that_o since_o god_n do_v nothing_o point_n needless_o therefore_o the_o point_n reveal_v by_o god_n be_v such_o as_o humane_a reason_n can_v not_o other_o way_n attain_v to_o whence_o they_o be_v such_o as_o those_o mr._n locke_n hold_v to_o be_v above_o reason_n hence_o they_o must_v oft_o look_v very_o odd_o to_o those_o low_a conception_n which_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n afford_v we_o whereas_o the_o motive_n lay_v by_o god_n for_o mankind_n to_o embrace_v christian_a faith_n do_v for_o that_o very_a regard_n lie_v level_a to_o our_o natural_a reason_n wherefore_o in_o our_o enquiry_n what_o we_o be_v to_o embrace_v what_o not_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o begin_v our_o quest_n by_o scan_v the_o point_n propose_v to_o we_o as_o reveal_v but_o by_o examine_v whether_o the_o motive_n to_o judge_v they_o be_v reveal_v be_v certain_a or_o no._n otherwise_o we_o shall_v neglect_v to_o employ_v our_o reason_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v suitable_a to_o her_o capacity_n and_o in_o which_o she_o can_v have_v evidence_n and_o task_n it_o to_o consider_v what_o be_v perhaps_o above_o her_o reach_n and_o of_o which_o consequent_o she_o can_v have_v no_o evidence_n which_o way_n of_o proceed_v be_v clear_o irrational_a how_o many_o be_v there_o in_o the_o world_n who_o be_v repute_v for_o learned_a man_n and_o yet_o 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to_o thing_n without_o which_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o determine_v certain_o what_o notion_n be_v in_o all_o respect_v contradictory_n which_o not_o and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o thus_o qualify_v their_o skill_n be_v incompetent_a for_o such_o a_o performance_n again_o if_o the_o point_n do_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o body_n they_o must_v be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o nature_n of_o that_o subject_a and_o in_o a_o word_n unless_o they_o can_v demonstrate_v their_o own_o opposite_a tenet_n plain_a term_n give_v it_o that_o they_o can_v never_o show_v the_o other_o side_n to_o be_v a_o contradiction_n for_o since_o both_o side_n of_o a_o contradiction_n can_v be_v true_a they_o must_v demonstrate_v their_o tenet_n to_o be_v true_a or_o they_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o other_o to_o be_v false_a and_o contradictory_n for_o it_o be_v one_o labour_n to_o do_v both_o 9_o the_o other_o necessary_a caution_n be_v that_o man_n do_v not_o take_v the_o bad_a explication_n of_o some_o weak_a divine_n for_o the_o point_n point_n of_o faith_n itself_o for_o such_o man_n as_o mr._n l._n well_o note_n be_v very_o forward_o to_o stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o all_o opponent_n by_o cry_v out_o such_o a_o position_n be_v of_o faith_n and_o withal_o have_v a_o high_a opinion_n of_o their_o own_o sentiment_n and_o miscall_v authority_n be_v apt_a to_o fancy_v that_o all_o be_v of_o faith_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o own_o explication_n of_o it_o or_o seem_v to_o they_o consequent_a from_o it_o or_o connect_v with_o it_o which_o be_v no_o better_o in_o effect_n than_o to_o obtrude_v their_o own_o skill_n in_o draw_v consequence_n upon_o man_n for_o divine_a revelation_n now_o if_o the_o explicater_v be_v not_o true_o learned_a and_o candid_a then_o in_o stead_n of_o show_v the_o point_n of_o faith_n conformable_a to_o nature_n as_o a_o solid_a divine_a aught_o
reflect_v on_o it_o nature_n teach_v we_o to_o define_v by_o a_o genus_fw-la and_o a_o difference_n difference_n b._n 1._o l._n 3._o §_o 2._o those_o who_o oppose_v this_o method_n must_v be_v force_v to_o use_v it_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o frame_v universal_a notion_n design_o but_o as_o force_v to_o it_o by_o nature_n nominal_a essence_n groundless_a and_o catachrestical_a aristotle_n definition_n of_o motion_n defend_v defend_v see_v method_n to_o science_n b._n 1._o l._n 8._o §._o 2._o aristotle_n definition_n of_o light_n most_o proper_a the_o cartesian_a definition_n of_o motion_n faulty_a individuum_n under_o the_o same_o species_n differ_v essential_o essential_o b._n 1._o l._n 3._o §_o 11._o whence_o we_o must_v take_v our_o measure_n of_o simple_a and_o compound_v notion_n the_o same_o rule_n hold_v in_o accident_n as_o well_o as_o substance_n the_o idea_n or_o notion_n can_v never_o be_v in_o fault_n when_o we_o name_v thing_n wrong_v confuse_a notion_n may_v have_v more_o 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to_o science_n we_o have_v sensitive_a knowledge_n of_o other_o notion_n beside_o existence_n only_o principle_n and_o demonstration_n and_o not_o experiment_n can_v give_v we_o any_o intelligible_a explication_n of_o natural_a quality_n short_a hint_n of_o the_o true_a aristotelian_a ground_n ground_n see_v method_n to_o science_n b._n 1._o l._n 3._o §_o §._o 1_o 2._o how_o all_o secondary_a quality_n come_v to_o be_v make_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v fundamental_o build_v on_o the_o admission_n of_o ratity_n and_o density_n that_o by_o these_o ground_n the_o nature_n of_o secondary_a quality_n be_v demonstrable_a the_o true_a reason_n why_o some_o man_n think_v they_o inexplicable_a the_o possibility_n of_o demonstrate_v they_o show_v by_o the_o instance_n of_o colour_n the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n how_o we_o know_v the_o thing_n by_o mean_n of_o idea_n inexplicable_a the_o ideist_n must_v be_v force_v to_o grant_v that_o the_o thing_n know_v be_v in_o the_o mind_n 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the_o part_n of_o it_o coincident_a universal_a proposition_n in_o the_o mind_n be_v easy_o knowable_a antecedent_o to_o word_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o know_v the_o precise_a bound_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o species_n unnecessary_a knowledge_n not_o to_o be_v covet_v nor_o the_o want_n of_o it_o complain_v of_o the_o nature_n and_o use_v of_o general_n maxim_n mistake_v by_o mr._n locke_n the_o term_n of_o general_a maxim_n clear_a than_o those_o of_o particular_a proposition_n such_o general_a maxim_n be_v never_o use_v to_o deduce_v conclusion_n from_o they_o but_o to_o reduce_v inferior_a truth_n to_o they_o they_o book_n 3._o lesle_n 4._o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o first_o principle_n assert_v how_o other_o general_a maxim_n do_v govern_v all_o our_o action_n and_o say_n the_o discard_n general_a maxim_n destroy_v all_o science_n this_o error_n spring_v from_o man_n take_n wrong_a measure_n in_o judge_v what_o notion_n be_v clear_a what_o confuse_a that_o not_o 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brute_n be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o implicatory_a mr._n l._n confound_v material_a and_o spiritual_a nature_n mr._n l_n principle_n confound_v human_a and_o brutal_a nature_n to_o create_v be_v the_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o self-existence_n the_o thought_n can_v move_v the_o body_n and_o why_o see_v method_n to_o science_n book_n 1_o lesle_n 5._o §._o 7._o the_o notion_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o deity_n be_v once_o settle_v to_o be_v self-existence_n all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v of_o it_o follow_v demonstrative_o we_o can_v know_v there_o be_v angel_n though_o they_o do_v not_o operate'on_v we_o we_o know_v at_o first_o our_o own_o existence_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o know_v the_o existence_n of_o other_o thing_n i_o e._n by_o sensation_n and_o not_o by_o intuition_n see_v method_n to_o science_n book_n 1_o lesle_n 8._o §._o 7._o no_o improvement_n of_o science_n without_o foam_n general_n principle_n mr._n locke_n principle_n examine_v mr._n locke_n main_a principle_n which_o be_v to_o ascertain_v all_o other_o principle_n inevident_a what_o thing_n hinder_v the_o advancement_n of_o science_n euclid_n and_o such_o other_o not_o unblamable_a for_o lay_v principle_n or_o general_a maxim_n the_o point_n state_v mr._n l._n confound_v outward_a action_n to_o which_o we_o may_v proceed_v upon_o a_o probability_n with_o inward_a assent_n to_o which_o we_o may_v not_o a_o strange_a character_n of_o our_o judge_a faculty_n that_o god_n have_v provide_v due_a motive_n of_o enjoin_v assent_n to_o all_o mankind_n if_o they_o be_v not_o want_v to_o themselves_o themselves_o see_v method_n to_o science_n b._n 3._o l._n 8._o to_o assent_v upon_o a_o probability_n be_v against_o the_o common_a light_n of_o reason_n there_o can_v be_v in_o proper_a speech_n any_o degree_n of_o assent_n probable_a assent_n be_v nonsense_n or_o impertinent_a what_o kind_n of_o distinction_n be_v disallowable_a in_o disputation_n charity_n to_o sincere_a and_o weak_a misunderstander_n be_v a_o christian_a duty_n tradition_n build_v on_o mere_a hearsay_n have_v little_a or_o no_o force_n a_o more_o firm_a assent_n be_v due_a to_o point_n certain_o know_v to_o be_v reveal_v than_o to_o scientifical_a conclusion_n how_o syllogism_n come_v to_o be_v invent_v at_o first_o the_o true_a use_n and_o abuse_v of_o they_o objection_n against_o syllogistick_n argue_v clear_v syllogism_n be_v useful_a for_o demonstration_n syllogism_n be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o probable_a discourse_n other_o mistake_v about_o syllogism_n clear_v inference_n and_o consequence_n of_o word_n abstract_v from_o their_o sense_n be_v strange_o against_o all_o reason_n and_o preposterous_a what_o be_v due_a to_o reason_n what_o to_o divine_a revelation_n the_o first_o caution_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o order_n to_o this_o point_n the_o second_o caution_n to_o be_v use_v in_o this_o point_n reason_n be_v not_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o in_o thing_n beyond_o its_o sphere_n the_o notion_n of_o be_v true_a must_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o notion_n of_o may_n be_v true_a or_o may_v not_o be_v true_a therefore_o that_o no_o assent_n ought_v to_o be_v build_v on_o probable_a medium_n be_v demonstrable_a all_o error_n come_v by_o assent_v upon_o probability_n the_o tenet_n that_o we_o ought_v to_o assent_v upon_o probability_n be_v high_o prejudicial_a to_o piety_n and_o to_o best_a christian_a morality_n to_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o the_o right_a method_n to_o find_v out_o truth_n and_o science_n be_v the_o only_a antidote_n against_o error_n no_o possible_a way_n or_o certain_a standard_n to_o take_v the_o just_a measure_n of_o probability_n the_o certain_a rule_n not_o to_o be_v mislead_v by_o authority_n mr._n locke_n seem_v to_o take_v have_v for_o only_o probable_a which_o or_o the_o authority_n for_o they_o be_v demonstrable_a the_o member_n of_o mr._n locke_n division_n of_o science_n be_v partly_o co-incident_a partly_o not_o belong_v to_o science_n at_o all_o the_o connatural_a way_n how_o science_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o subordinate_v some_o very_a useful_a corollary_n concern_v that_o subject_a
the_o profession_n he_o make_v to_o love_v and_o esteem_v it_o but_o though_o he_o see_v error_n and_o ignorance_n and_o probable_a talk_v overspread_v the_o face_n of_o philosophy_n and_o stifle_v truth_n and_o knowledge_n both_o he_o sit_v still_o unconcern_v now_o and_o then_o indeed_o there_o be_v a_o writer_n who_o attempt_v to_o confute_v this_o or_o that_o particular_a error_n some_o casual_a circumstance_n addict_v he_o to_o that_o employment_n but_o what_o man_n set_v himself_o to_o lay_v the_o axe_n at_o the_o root_n or_o write_v against_o uncertain_a method_n and_o groundless_a babble_v what_o man_n go_v about_o to_o make_v mankind_n aware_a of_o the_o mischief_n that_o come_v to_o rational_a nature_n by_o the_o sophisticate_a way_n of_o talk_v pretty_o neat_o and_o witty_o though_o perhaps_o not_o a_o word_n ground_o and_o solid_o nay_o what_o man_n be_v not_o well-appayed_a and_o please_a with_o a_o well-penned_a piece_n though_o be_v the_o reason_n in_o it_o sift_v to_o the_o bottom_n perhaps_o there_o be_v not_o one_o evident_a ttuth_n in_o it_o to_o build_v that_o discourse_n on_o that_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o sense_n in_o it_o but_o only_o such_o a_o way_n of_o plausible_a discourse_n or_o language-learning_n as_o may_v serve_v equal_o and_o indifferent_o to_o maintain_v either_o side_n of_o the_o contradiction_n 11._o last_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a point_n who_o be_v there_o that_o apply_v himself_o to_o find_v out_o a_o certain_a method_n to_o arrive_v at_o truth_n and_o attain_v knowledge_n without_o which_o all_o our_o study_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n logic_n be_v the_o proper_a art_n to_o give_v we_o this_o method_n and_o i_o see_v student_n do_v general_o make_v use_n of_o any_o logician_n so_o he_o but_o talk_v dâ—yly_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n of_o proposition_n syllogism_n and_o demonstration_n though_o perhaps_o he_o give_v not_o one_o word_n of_o reason_n for_o his_o unproved_a say_n to_o enlighten_v the_o understanding_n of_o the_o learner_n or_o inform_v he_o ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la whence_o and_o why_o this_o and_o the_o other_o rudiment_n or_o rule_n must_v be_v so_o such_o a_o author_n may_v indeed_o enable_v a_o learner_n to_o say_v as_o he_o say_v and_o talk_v after_o he_o in_o imitation_n as_o it_o be_v but_o he_o can_v never_o instruct_v he_o to_o understand_v what_o be_v true_a and_o why_o it_o be_v true_a or_o to_o demonstrate_v himself_o which_o be_v the_o main_a design_n of_o my_o method_n 12._o but_o my_o great_a complaint_n against_o other_o and_o my_o best_a excuse_n for_o put_v myself_o forward_o with_o such_o a_o confident_a air_n be_v that_o i_o see_v not_o that_o any_o learned_a man_n do_v endeavour_v to_o make_v head_n against_o scepticism_n which_o through_o this_o universal_a connivance_n or_o rather_o civil_a and_o kind_a toleration_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n encouragement_n creep_v by_o insensible_a degree_n into_o even_o the_o most_o learned_a society_n infect_v the_o best_a wit_n of_o our_o nation_n threaten_v to_o bear_v down_o all_o true_a philosophy_n to_o extinguish_v the_o natural_a light_n of_o man_n understanding_n and_o drown_v their_o best_a faculty_n reason_n in_o a_o deluge_n of_o profound_a ignorance_n for_o if_o this_o vogue_n shall_v obtain_v still_o in_o the_o world_n to_o look_v upon_o any_o loose_a discourse_n for_o brave_a sense_n so_o it_o be_v but_o spruce_o dress_v up_o in_o neat_a language_n and_o sauce_v with_o a_o little_a piquancy_n of_o brisk_a wit_n and_o let_v it_o pass_v current_n for_o true_a learning_n and_o knowledge_n scepticism_n will_v not_o only_o insinuate_v itself_o sly_o into_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n but_o be_v recommend_v to_o the_o world_n by_o such_o a_o universal_a approbation_n of_o well-clad_a gentile_a ignorance_n nor_o do_v this_o mischievous_a inundation_n stop_v its_o career_n in_o bereave_v we_o of_o natural_a truth_n but_o have_v once_o darken_v in_o we_o the_o knowledge_n of_o nature_n it_o dispose_v man_n to_o doubt_v of_o and_o too_o often_o to_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n himself_o who_o be_v best_a make_v know_v to_o mankind_n by_o science_n or_o the_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o his_o creature_n from_o which_o we_o glean_v all_o the_o notion_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o knowledge_n we_o by_o ordinary_a mean_n have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v all_o these_o mischief_n i_o may_v add_v and_o all_o immorality_n too_o be_v owe_v to_o the_o insensible_a growth_n of_o this_o lethargy_n of_o our_o understanding_n scepticism_n which_o benumb_v and_o chill_v our_o intellectual_a faculty_n with_o a_o cold_a despair_n of_o ever_o attain_v evident_a knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n for_o which_o as_o its_o natural_a perfection_n our_o soul_n be_v fit_v and_o ordain_v i_o see_v this_o gloomy_a evening_n overca_v the_o clear_a sky_n of_o science_n and_o draw_v on_o the_o cimmerian_a night_n of_o dark_a ignorance_n and_o black_a infidelity_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o to_o awaken_v man_n soul_n out_o of_o this_o drowsy_a sleep_n and_o torpor_n of_o their_o mind_n i_o do_v so_o often_o bold_o and_o fearless_o though_o as_o i_o judge_v true_o declare_v and_o proclaim_v aloud_o that_o demonstration_n in_o philosophy_n may_v be_v have_v and_o that_o i_o have_v actual_o demonstrate_v in_o such_o and_o such_o particular_n 13._o last_o it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n and_o to_o rescue_v all_o sincere_a lover_n of_o truth_n from_o this_o spread_a contagion_n of_o scepticism_n that_o with_o a_o unusual_a boldness_n i_o do_v as_o be_v say_v before_o attempt_v to_o write_v a_o demonstrative_a logic_n to_o comprehend_v which_o whoever_o shall_v bestow_v half_a that_o pain_n as_o man_n usual_o do_v who_o study_n the_o mathematics_n for_o such_o connected_a discourse_n be_v not_o to_o be_v peruse_v with_o hope_n of_o profit_v by_o they_o with_o a_o cursory_a application_n will_v i_o be_o sure_a be_v able_a to_o set_v all_o his_o natural_a notion_n in_o a_o right_n and_o distinct_a order_n know_v how_o to_o connect_v two_o of_o they_o with_o one_o another_o in_o a_o solid_a judgement_n and_o both_o of_o they_o with_o a_o three_o to_o frame_v a_o conclusive_a discourse_n and_o not_o only_o have_v the_o true_a nature_n of_o demonstration_n know_o fix_v in_o his_o mind_n by_o comprehend_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o but_o by_o have_v it_o there_o he_o himself_o will_v be_v enable_v to_o work_v according_a to_o that_o nature_n or_o to_o demonstrate_v himself_o without_o ability_n to_o know_v or_o do_v which_o none_o ought_v to_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o philosopher_n last_o to_o carry_v this_o good_a work_n forward_o as_o far_o as_o be_v possible_a i_o have_v here_o as_o a_o supplement_n to_o my_o method_n and_o a_o introduction_n to_o my_o reflection_n add_v five_o preliminary_a discourse_n show_v the_o true_a and_o solid_a bottom-ground_n on_o which_o all_o exact_a knowledge_n or_o philosophy_n be_v build_v and_o that_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o not_o idea_n resemblance_n or_o fancy_n which_o can_v never_o make_v we_o know_v the_o thing_n be_v and_o must_v be_v the_o only_a firm_a foundation_n of_o truth_n and_o of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o all_o truth_n whatsoever_o 14._o i_o must_v not_o pass_v over_o another_o complaint_n make_v of_o i_o by_o some_o of_o the_o cartesian_a school_n viz._n that_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o my_o method_n i_o so_o deep_o censure_v malbranche_n as_o a_o fanatic_a in_o philosophy_n nay_o the_o whole_a way_n itself_o as_o dispose_v to_o enthusiasm_n to_o the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o charge_n i_o reply_v that_o i_o cite_v that_o author_n be_v own_o word_n which_o be_v such_o strong_a proof_n of_o a_o fanatic_a genius_n that_o i_o can_v believe_v any_o argument_n of_o i_o can_v add_v weight_n to_o the_o full_a evidence_n and_o force_n they_o carry_v with_o they_o to_o manifest_v that_o his_o philosophy_n be_v build_v upon_o inspiration_n or_o as_o himself_o express_v it_o come_v to_o he_o by_o revelation_n and_o for_o my_o pretend_v that_o the_o whole_a cartesian_a way_n of_o philosophize_v be_v of_o the_o same_o leven_n i_o can_v need_v no_o other_o compurgatour_n than_o that_o french_a author_n who_o with_o much_o exactness_n write_v the_o life_n of_o cartesius_n and_o be_v his_o good_a friend_n and_o follower_n the_o book_n be_v now_o make_v english_a where_o in_o the_o 34th_o page_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o get_v rid_v of_o all_o his_o prejudices_fw-la that_o be_v to_o unlearn_v among_o other_o thing_n all_o that_o the_o clear_a light_n of_o nature_n have_v teach_v he_o cartesius_n do_v undergo_v no_o less_o than_o to_o unman_v himself_o a_o pretty_a self-denying_a beginning_n and_o pag._n 35_o 36._o that_o he_o weary_v out_o his_o mind_n to_o that_o degree_n in_o his_o enquiry_n after_o this_o happy_a mean_n viz._n that_o his_o imagination_n shall_v represent_v
a_o create_v spiritual_a nature_n but_o by_o a_o negation_n of_o what_o be_v proper_a to_o body_n so_o we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n but_o by_o deny_v of_o he_o all_o that_o belong_v proper_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o body_n and_o spirit_n both_o and_o by_o acknowledge_v they_o infinite_o short_a of_o resemble_v or_o even_o shadow_v he_o last_o we_o have_v no_o notion_n or_o expression_n that_o can_v suit_v with_o he_o no_o not_o even_o the_o most_o metaphysical_a one_o ens_fw-la include_v potentiality_n to_o existence_n and_o all_o potentiality_n signify_v imperfection_n must_v be_v utter_o deny_v of_o he_o existence_n seem_v to_o come_v near_o yet_o because_o it_o signify_v a_o formality_n superven_a to_o ens_fw-la as_o it_o be_v existent_a and_o so_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o compart_n it_o can_v be_v proper_a for_o his_o infinite_o simple_a be_v and_o even_o self-existence_n signify_v a_o kind_n of_o form_n or_o mode_n of_o the_o subject_a that_o self-exists_a so_o that_o we_o have_v no_o kind_n of_o notion_n or_o expression_n that_o can_v perfect_o agree_v to_o god_n infinite_a essence_n but_o we_o be_v force_v to_o content_v ourselves_o to_o make_v use_n of_o sometime_o one_o attribute_n sometime_o another_o that_o signify_v some_o perfection_n with_o infinite_a annex_v to_o it_o which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o creature_n or_o which_o be_v deny_v of_o they_o or_o be_v incommunicable_a to_o they_o whence_o come_v that_o maxim_n of_o the_o mystic_n that_o god_n be_v better_a know_v by_o negation_n or_o by_o affirm_v he_o be_v none_o of_o those_o positive_a perfection_n we_o find_v in_o creature_n than_o by_o apply_v any_o of_o our_o positive_a notion_n to_o he_o and_o this_o be_v all_o we_o can_v do_v in_o this_o state_n till_o grace_n raise_v we_o up_o to_o glory_n we_o come_v to_o know_v his_o divine_a essence_n as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o self_n or_o as_o we_o phrase_v it_o see_v he_o face_n to_o face_n in_o contemplate_v which_o consist_v our_o eternal_a happiness_n 40._o thus_o much_o of_o our_o notion_n which_o we_o call_v the_o first_o operation_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o how_o they_o judgement_n be_v cause_v in_o our_o soul_n how_o our_o judge_a and_o discourse_v which_o be_v the_o other_o two_o be_v make_v in_o it_o be_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o book_n of_o my_o method_n to_o science_n 41._o if_o any_o learned_a man_n be_v dissatisfied_n with_o this_o discourse_n or_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o oppose_v it_o i_o think_v i_o have_v right_o to_o require_v of_o he_o two_o thing_n it_o first_o that_o he_o will_v not_o object_v his_o own_o fancy_n or_o dislike_a of_o it_o or_o think_v that_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o invalidate_v it_o but_o that_o he_o will_v go_v to_o work_v like_o a_o man_n of_o reason_n and_o show_v that_o this_o or_o that_o part_n of_o it_o do_v contradict_v such_o and_o such_o a_o principle_n in_o logic_n physics_n or_o metaphysic_n this_o be_v the_o only_a solid_a way_n of_o object_v all_o other_o be_v but_o empty_a talk_n and_o idle_a cavil_v next_o i_o think_v i_o have_v right_o to_o demand_v since_o it_o be_v fundamental_o necessary_a to_o philosophy_n that_o this_o point_n be_v clear_v that_o he_o will_v set_v himself_o to_o frame_v some_o orderly_a and_o coherent_a discourse_n of_o his_o own_o build_v upon_o evident_a principle_n how_o or_o by_o what_o particular_a mean_n the_o first_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n without_o we_o come_v into_o our_o soul_n in_o do_v which_o he_o will_v oblige_v the_o world_n very_o high_o and_o myself_o very_o particular_o and_o unless_o he_o do_v this_o he_o will_v be_v convince_v to_o find_v fault_n with_o what_o himself_n can_v mend_v which_o will_v manifest_v that_o he_o either_o want_v true_a knowledge_n or_o which_o be_v a_o far_o great_a defect_n ingenuity_n preliminary_n five_o of_o the_o proper_a and_o genuine_a signification_n of_o those_o word_n which_o be_v of_o most_o use_n in_o philosophy_n 1._o the_o main_a hindrance_n of_o science_n viz._n the_o mistake_n of_o fancy_n for_o reality_n or_o of_o mere_a similitude_n here_o for_o notion_n be_v provide_v against_o the_o other_o grand_a impediment_n to_o true_a knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o take_a word_n use_v in_o philosophy_n in_o a_o ambiguous_a or_o wrong_a sense_n be_v to_o be_v our_o next_z care_n the_o inconvenience_n which_o arise_v hence_o and_o the_o way_n how_o to_o detect_v and_o avoid_v equivocation_n be_v in_o my_o 11._o method_n discourse_v of_o in_o common_a and_o i_o have_v here_o in_o my_o second_o preliminary_n clear_v also_o in_o common_a the_o signification_n of_o all_o abstract_a word_n and_o show_v that_o they_o mean_v the_o thing_n itself_o quatenus_fw-la such_fw-mi or_o such_o or_o according_a to_o such_o or_o such_o a_o consideration_n of_o it_o as_o be_v express_v by_o that_o word_n my_o present_a business_n to_o which_o my_o circumstance_n oblige_v i_o be_v to_o clear_v in_o particular_a the_o notion_n or_o mean_v of_o those_o most_o important_a word_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o learned_a man_n and_o take_v by_o they_o oftentime_o in_o different_a sense_n do_v so_o distract_v they_o in_o their_o sentiment_n and_o by_o draw_v their_o intellectual_a eye_n now_o to_o one_o side_n now_o to_o the_o other_o make_v they_o so_o frequent_o miss_v the_o mark_n while_o they_o aim_v at_o true_a science_n not_o that_o my_o intention_n in_o this_o preliminary_n be_v to_o pursue_v the_o mistake_v of_o other_o but_o only_o to_o settle_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a sense_n of_o such_o word_n to_o be_v apply_v afterward_o to_o the_o mis-accepters_a of_o they_o as_o occasion_n require_v though_o i_o may_v hint_n now_o and_o then_o some_o abuse_n of_o they_o that_o so_o i_o may_v the_o better_o clear_v their_o proper_a signification_n 2._o i_o begin_v with_o existence_n express_v by_o the_o word_n be_v which_o be_v the_o notion_n of_o the_o thing_n precise_o consider_v existence_n as_o it_o be_v actual_o be_v this_o be_v the_o most_o simple_a of_o all_o our_o notion_n or_o rather_o indeed_o the_o 14._o only_a simple_a notion_n we_o have_v all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o respect_n to_o it_o for_o it_o have_v no_o kind_n of_o composition_n in_o it_o not_o even_o that_o metaphysical_a one_o of_o ground_v divers_a conception_n or_o consideration_n of_o it_o as_o all_o other_o have_v whence_o all_o notion_n be_v by_o their_o abstraction_n distinct_a and_o clear_a this_o most_o abstract_a notion_n be_v so_o perfect_o clear_a and_o self-evident_a that_o as_o it_o can_v need_v so_o it_o can_v admit_v any_o explication_n they_o who_o go_v about_o to_o explain_v it_o show_v themselves_o bungler_n while_o they_o strive_v to_o approve_v themselves_o artist_n for_o by_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v esse_fw-la contra_fw-la causas_fw-la they_o put_v esse_fw-la which_o be_v the_o notion_n define_v in_o the_o definition_n which_o be_v most_o absurd_a and_o against_o all_o art_n and_o common_a sense_n nay_o they_o make_v it_o more_o obscure_a than_o it_o be_v before_o by_o add_v extra_n causas_fw-la to_o it_o which_o be_v less_o clear_a than_o itself_o be_v by_o the_o word_n cause_n i_o suppose_v they_o mean_v natural_a one_o and_o so_o though_o it_o give_v no_o clearness_n to_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n esse_fw-la yet_o it_o may_v at_o least_o consist_v with_o good_a sense_n and_o may_v mean_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v before_o or_o while_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o produce_v within_o the_o power_n of_o those_o cause_n or_o in_o the_o state_n of_o potentiality_n and_o that_o existence_n be_v that_o formality_n or_o most_o formal_a conception_n by_o which_o the_o thing_n be_v put_v out_o of_o that_o imperfect_a state_n of_o have_v only_o a_o power_n to_o be_v and_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o perfect_a state_n of_o actuality_n or_o actual_a be_v 3._o as_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o misconceive_v this_o self-evident_a notion_n so_o it_o be_v equal_o impossible_a to_o mistake_v the_o meaning_n it_o of_o the_o word_n existence_n which_o proper_o express_v that_o notion_n for_o if_o they_o take_v the_o word_n be_v to_o have_v any_o meaning_n relate_v any_o way_n to_o the_o line_n of_o ens_fw-la or_o any_o signification_n at_o all_o that_o be_v of_o its_o nature_n pure_o potential_a they_o quite_o destroy_v its_o notion_n and_o if_o they_o take_v it_o in_o any_o sense_n for_o a_o actuality_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o line_n of_o ens_fw-la they_o must_v necessary_o take_v it_o to_o mean_v be_v not_o there_o be_v no_o three_o or_o other_o such_o notion_n to_o take_v it_o for_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o one_o take_v not_o ens_fw-la to_o mean_a a_o thing_n he_o must_v take_v it_o to_o mean_v nothing_o now_o though_o the_o goodness_n
of_o humane_a nature_n which_o abhor_v contradiction_n reclaim_v vehement_o against_o such_o a_o unnatural_a depravation_n of_o common_a sense_n as_o to_o take_v be_v while_o thus_o express_v for_o be_v not_o yet_o take_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n existence_n as_o it_o be_v disguise_v by_o another_o word_n which_o be_v by_o consequence_n equivalent_a to_o it_o those_o deserter_n of_o humane_a nature_n the_o sceptic_n do_v take_v occasion_n from_o the_o alter_v the_o expression_n to_o misapprehend_v even_o what_o be_v self-evident_a for_o it_o be_v the_o same_o sense_n when_o we_o speak_v affirmative_o to_o say_v a_o thing_n be_v true_a or_o certain_a as_o to_o say_v it_o be_v since_o nothing_o can_v be_v true_a or_o certain_a that_o be_v not_o and_o therefore_o when_o these_o man_n talk_v of_o moral_a and_o probable_a truth_n and_o probable_a or_o moral_a certainty_n which_o mince_v expression_n mean_v possible_a not_o to_o be_v so_o they_o in_o effect_n say_v that_o what_o be_v may_v whilst_o it_o be_v possible_o not_o be_v which_o manner_n of_o expression_n though_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o some_o but_o a_o mere_a unconcern_v school-speculation_n and_o unreflect_v man_n may_v think_v it_o deserve_v no_o other_o note_n but_o that_o of_o be_v ridiculous_a yet_o i_o judge_v myself_o oblige_v to_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v moreover_o most_o enormous_o mischievous_a and_o that_o it_o quite_o pervert_v and_o destroy_v by_o a_o very_a immediate_a consequence_n the_o nature_n and_o notion_n of_o all_o certainty_n and_o truth_n whatsoever_o and_o of_o be_v too_o and_o quite_o overthrow_v all_o possibility_n of_o know_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o have_v they_o say_v i_o think_v it_o true_a or_o certain_a none_o will_v blame_v they_o rather_o it_o be_v a_o credit_n for_o such_o man_n even_o to_o think_v hearty_o there_o be_v any_o truth_n or_o certainty_n at_o all_o in_o philosophy_n but_o to_o join_v as_o they_o do_v moral_a or_o probable_a to_o truth_n and_o certainty_n as_o a_o kind_n of_o mode_n affect_v they_o be_v to_o clap_v these_o most_o unconsociable_a thing_n light_n and_o darkness_n into_o one_o dusky_n compound_v to_o abet_v nonsense_n and_o palliate_v ignorance_n 4._o the_o notion_n immediate_o next_o in_o order_n to_o existence_n as_o that_o which_o have_v the_o very_a lest_o potentiality_n that_o can_v be_v thing_n in_o the_o line_n of_o be_v be_v that_o of_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n wherefore_o the_o meaning_n of_o that_o word_n can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o of_o capable_a to_o be_v for_o no_o create_a thing_n have_v actual_a be_v or_o existence_n in_o its_o essential-notion_n but_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n may_v be_v or_o not_o be_v as_o beside_o what_o be_v prove_v in_o my_o 7._o method_n be_v see_v in_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o creature_n which_o signify_v that_o which_o have_v its_o be_v from_o another_o which_o therefore_o can_v of_o its_o self_n be_v only_o capable_a of_o be_v that_o the_o notion_n of_o ens_fw-la be_v distinct_a from_o that_o of_o existence_n be_v demonstrate_v ibid._n elsewhere_o and_o be_v far_a evident_a hence_o that_o the_o notion_n of_o what_o have_v existence_n must_v be_v different_a from_o what_o be_v have_v by_o it_o or_o from_o existence_n itself_o all_o mankind_n have_v this_o notion_n of_o thing_n in_o they_o for_o they_o experience_n that_o every_o thing_n can_v exist_v by_o see_v it_o do_v so_o and_o they_o know_v also_o they_o be_v not_o of_o themselves_o whether_o they_o hold_v a_o first_o be_v or_o no_o because_o they_o do_v general_o see_v that_o cause_n produce_v they_o wherefore_o all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v or_o think_v of_o the_o word_n ens_fw-la be_v that_o it_o signify_v the_o thing_n precise_o as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v 5._o whence_o follow_v that_o the_o abstract_a term_n entity_n or_o essence_n do_v proper_o signify_v a_o capacity_n of_o be_v essence_n which_o be_v the_o abstract_a term_n of_o capable_a of_o be_v though_o entity_n be_v often_o use_v as_o a_o concrete_a for_o the_o thing_n itself_o moreover_o essence_n be_v the_o total_a form_n of_o ens_fw-la it_o suppositum_fw-la or_o subject_a which_o adequate_o and_o entire_o constitute_v it_o such_o as_o humanitas_fw-la be_v the_o total_a form_n of_o homo_fw-la i_o call_v it_o the_o total_a form_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o partial_a form_n of_o body_n which_o with_o the_o matter_n its_o compart_n do_v compound_v the_o entire_a notion_n or_o total_a form_n of_o corporeity_n 6._o to_o understand_v which_o more_o clear_o we_o be_v to_o note_n that_o the_o notion_n and_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n matter_n act._n signify_v the_o thing_n or_o body_n precise_o as_o it_o be_v a_o power_n to_o be_v a_o thing_n and_o form_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n according_a to_o that_o in_o it_o which_o determin_n it_o to_o be_v a_o thing_n actual_o we_o be_v to_o reflect_v too_o that_o power_n and_o act_n consider_v in_o the_o line_n of_o be_v be_v the_o same_o as_o matter_n and_o form_n only_o the_o former_a word_n be_v pure_o metaphysical_a because_o they_o express_v the_o part_n of_o ens_fw-la as_o ens_fw-la in_o regard_n no_o other_o conception_n in_o the_o line_n of_o be_v can_v possible_o be_v frame_v of_o a_o body_n but_o as_o it_o be_v determinable_a or_o determinative_a which_o be_v the_o very_a notion_n of_o power_n and_o act_n whereas_o matter_n and_o form_n though_o in_o body_n they_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o the_o former_a seem_v rather_o to_o incline_v to_o the_o part_n of_o such_o a_o ens_fw-la or_o body_n physical_o consider_v 7._o to_o show_v literal_o what_o be_v meant_a by_o this_o say_n that_o matter_n and_o form_n constitute_v the_o complete_a ens_fw-la or_o make_v body_n the_o subject_a capable_a of_o exist_v i_o discourse_v thus_o nothing_o as_o it_o be_v indeterminate_a or_o common_a to_o more_o can_v be_v ultimate_o capable_a to_o be_v v._n g_o neither_o a_o man_n in_o common_a nor_o a_o horse_n in_o common_a can_v possible_o exist_v but_o this_o man_n or_o this_o horse_n whatever_o therefore_o do_v determine_v the_o potentiality_n or_o indifferency_n of_o the_o subject_a as_o it_o be_v matter_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o a_o power_n to_o be_v of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o nature_n which_o be_v what_o we_o call_v to_o have_v such_o a_o form_n in_o it_o do_v make_v it_o this_o or_o that_o and_o consequent_o dispose_v it_o for_o existence_n wherefore_o since_o the_o particular_a complexion_n of_o the_o several_a mode_n and_o accident_n do_v determine_v the_o power_n or_o matter_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o distinct_a from_o all_o other_o it_o do_v by_o consequence_n determine_v it_o to_o be_v this_o and_o so_o make_v it_o capable_a of_o exist_v that_o be_v a_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n i_o enlarge_v not_o upon_o this_o point_n because_o i_o have_v treat_v it_o so_o ample_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o my_o method_n to_o science_n 8._o hence_o be_v see_v what_o be_v or_o can_v with_o good_a sense_n be_v mean_v by_o that_o metaphysical_a or_o entitative_a part_n call_v form_n by_o the_o school_n the_o substantial_a or_o essential_a form_n which_o they_o say_v do_v with_o the_o matter_n make_v up_o that_o compound_n ens_fw-la call_v body_n and_o that_o in_o literal_a truth_n it_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o complexion_n of_o the_o mode_n or_o accident_n which_o conspire_v to_o make_v that_o peculiar_a or_o primigenial_a constitution_n of_o every_o body_n at_o the_o first_o instant_a of_o its_o be_v thus_o ultimate_o determine_v to_o be_v this._n for_o this_o original_a temperature_n of_o the_o mix_v or_o animal_n be_v once_o settle_v by_o the_o steady_a concurrence_n of_o its_o cause_n whatever_o particle_n or_o effluvium_n or_o how_o many_o soever_o which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o it_o do_v afterward_o accrue_v to_o it_o be_v so_o digest_v into_o or_o assimilate_v to_o its_o nature_n that_o they_o conserve_v nourish_v and_o dilate_v and_o not_o destroy_v it_o whereas_o if_o they_o be_v of_o a_o opposite_a nature_n they_o alter_v it_o from_o its_o own_o temperature_n and_o in_o time_n quite_o destroy_v and_o corrupt_v it_o to_o explicate_v which_o more_o full_o let_v we_o consider_v how_o the_o cause_n in_o nature_n which_o be_v many_o time_n of_o a_o different_a sometime_o of_o a_o contrary_a temper_n to_o the_o compound_v do_v work_n upon_o a_o body_n and_o how_o they_o make_v as_o they_o needs_o must_v preternatural_a disposition_n in_o it_o till_o when_o those_o disagreeable_a alteration_n arrive_v to_o such_o a_o pitch_n as_o quite_o to_o pervert_v the_o former_a complexion_n of_o accident_n which_o we_o call_v its_o form_n a_o new_a form_n or_o new_a complexion_n succeed_v determine_v the_o matter_n to_o be_v another_o thing_n till_o itself_o also_o wrought_v upon_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n come_v to_o be_v corrupt_v and_o so_o make_v
support_v its_o modes_n in_o their_o be_v nor_o will_v it_o do_v we_o any_o harm_n loqui_fw-la cum_fw-la vulgo_fw-la to_o speak_v as_o vulgar_a philosopher_n use_v provide_v we_o do_v sentire_fw-la cum_fw-la doctis_fw-la or_o make_v wise_a judgement_n of_o the_o literal_a sense_n of_o those_o word_n than_o they_o perhaps_o ever_o mean_v 12._o the_o word_n suppositum_fw-la be_v another_o name_n of_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n in_o a_o manner_n though_o not_o altogether_o the_o same_o hypostasis_fw-la with_o substance_n for_o substance_n be_v i_o conceive_v mean_v for_o the_o essential_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v contradistinguisht_v from_o accidental_a or_o unessential_a one_o and_o suppositum_fw-la do_v over_o and_o above_o relate_v also_o to_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o to_o the_o complexion_n of_o accident_n which_o constitute_v its_o essence_n and_o not_o only_o to_o the_o mode_n as_o each_o of_o they_o single_o be_v a_o mere_a accident_n and_o have_v be_v by_o it_o or_o in_o it_o whence_o the_o notion_n of_o suppositum_fw-la be_v the_o most_o confuse_a of_o any_o other_o and_o signify_v that_o which_o have_v all_o the_o form_n in_o it_o whatever_o whether_o they_o be_v essential_a one_o or_o accidental_a and_o not_o only_o those_o modes_n or_o accident_n which_o natural_o belong_v to_o it_o at_o first_o as_o property_n or_o inseparable_a accident_n but_o those_o also_o which_o accrue_v to_o it_o since_o and_o be_v mere_o accidental_a to_o it_o 13._o hence_o there_o can_v be_v no_o difficulty_n in_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n suppositality_n which_o be_v the_o abstract_n of_o the_o suppositality_n suppositum_fw-la for_o it_o signify_v manifest_o the_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o precise_a notion_n of_o the_o suppositum_fw-la or_o of_o what_o have_v all_o the_o aforesaid_a form_n in_o it_o how_o agreeable_a this_o discourse_n be_v to_o christian_a language_n and_o principle_n will_v easy_o appear_v to_o solid_a divine_n 14._o the_o word_n individuum_fw-la which_o be_v another_o name_n of_o ens_fw-la use_v by_o the_o learned_a and_o as_o be_v see_v in_o those_o usual_a individuum_fw-la word_n the_o same_o individual_a thing_n be_v get_v into_o our_o vulgar_a language_n be_v a_o logical_a expression_n distinguish_v the_o notion_n of_o a_o particular_a only_a which_o be_v proper_o a_o thing_n from_o the_o generical_a and_o specifical_a notion_n in_o regard_n both_o these_o latter_a do_v bear_v a_o division_n of_o their_o notion_n into_o more_o inferior_a one_o and_o so_o that_o each_o of_o the_o inferior_a one_o contain_v the_o whole_a superior_a nature_n in_o it_o which_o the_o other_o do_v signify_v as_o the_o whole_a definiton_n notion_n or_o nature_n of_o a_o animal_n or_o of_o a_o sensitive_a live_a thing_n be_v find_v in_o man_n and_o also_o in_o brute_n and_o the_o whole_a definition_n or_o notion_n of_o man_n be_v find_v in_o socrates_n and_o plato_n but_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o socrates_n and_o plato_n which_o be_v signify_v by_o those_o word_n and_o their_o definition_n can_v they_o bear_v any_o can_v be_v divide_v into_o more_o which_o have_v the_o particular_a nature_n of_o socrates_n and_o plato_n in_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o be_v call_v individuum_n that_o be_v such_o as_o can_v be_v divide_v into_o more_o which_o have_v the_o nature_n signify_v by_o those_o word_n in_o they_o as_o can_v the_o generical_a and_o specifical_a notion_n of_o animal_n and_o homo_fw-la whence_o individuum_n be_v the_o low_a and_o narrow_a notion_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v in_o the_o line_n of_o ens._n 15._o the_o individuum_fw-la be_v call_v by_o the_o latin_a school_n substantia_fw-la prima_fw-la and_o the_o superior_a notion_n in_o the_o substantiasecunda_fw-la line_n of_o ens._n substantiae_fw-la secundae_fw-la which_o signify_v that_o only_a individuum_n be_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n entia_fw-la or_o capable_a of_o exist_v for_o since_o as_o be_v show_v above_o nothing_o that_o be_v common_a or_o undetermined_a can_v exist_v none_o of_o the_o other_o can_v have_v any_o actual_a be_v at_o all_o but_o in_o the_o individuum_fw-la as_o a_o kind_n of_o metaphysical_a part_n of_o its_o entire_a notion_n and_o a_o part_n in_o what_o sense_n soever_o that_o word_n be_v take_v can_v not_o possible_o be_v but_o in_o the_o whole_a if_o this_o than_o be_v their_o meaning_n as_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v nothing_o can_v be_v more_o true_a and_o solid_a only_o i_o must_v note_v that_o it_o be_v less_o proper_o and_o less_o logical_o express_v and_o that_o aristotle_n speak_v more_o exact_o when_o he_o call_v the_o former_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o primò_fw-la substantia_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o secundò_fw-la substantia_fw-la which_o word_n denote_v that_o the_o former_a be_v ens_fw-la in_o its_o primary_n and_o proper_a signification_n of_o that_o word_n and_o the_o latter_a only_o analogical_o that_o be_v in_o a_o secondary_a and_o improper_a sense_n which_o prima_n and_o secunda_fw-la substantia_fw-la do_v not_o express_v for_o both_o these_o may_v be_v proper_o entia_fw-la still_o for_o any_o thing_n those_o word_n tell_v we_o though_o one_o of_o they_o may_v have_v a_o order_n of_o priority_n to_o the_o other_o as_o prima_fw-la and_o secunda_fw-la in_o some_o such_o sense_n as_o we_o call_v god_n the_o primum_fw-la ens_fw-la consider_v he_o in_o order_n to_o creature_n 16._o from_o word_n use_v by_o philosopher_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o line_n of_o ens_fw-la we_o come_v to_o those_o which_o be_v make_v improper_a use_n of_o to_o express_v the_o mode_n or_o manner_n how_o a_o thing_n be_v which_o in_o a_o general_a appellation_n the_o school_n have_v call_v accident_n this_o word_n be_v certain_o very_o improper_a for_o who_o can_v think_v that_o quantity_n or_o as_o they_o will_v needs_o call_v it_o extension_n be_v accidental_a to_o body_n or_o as_o some_o may_v take_v that_o equivocal_a word_n that_o it_o be_v but_o by_o chance_n or_o by_o accident_n that_o body_n have_v any_o bigness_n in_o they_o at_o all_o the_o best_a sense_n i_o can_v give_v it_o in_o pursuance_n to_o my_o own_o ground_n be_v this_o that_o accidental_a which_o be_v the_o denominative_a from_o accident_n may_v mean_v such_o notion_n as_o be_v not_o essential_a or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o they_o may_v mean_v the_o thing_n consider_v as_o to_o that_o in_o it_o which_o have_v no_o way_n any_o order_n to_o be_v nor_o express_v any_o such_o order_n by_o the_o word_n which_o signify_v its_o notion_n and_o be_v this_o sense_n universal_o accept_v and_o attribute_v to_o the_o word_n accident_n it_o will_v be_v a_o true_a and_o solid_a one_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o none_o of_o the_o word_n that_o signify_v any_o of_o those_o accident_n do_v in_o the_o least_o import_n in_o its_o signification_n either_o be_v or_o any_o respect_n or_o order_n to_o it_o as_o do_v ens_fw-la and_o all_o those_o word_n which_o do_v formal_o and_o proper_o express_v it_o or_o belong_v to_o it_o whence_o the_o notion_n signify_v by_o such_o word_n be_v not_o essential_a one_o or_o relate_v proper_o and_o precise_o to_o the_o essence_n but_o modish_a as_o we_o may_v term_v it_o or_o express_v some_o manner_n how_o the_o thing_n be_v which_o be_v a_o quite_o different_a notion_n from_o that_o of_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n or_o of_o what_o formal_o be_v find_v in_o that_o line_n i_o do_v believe_v that_o divers_a of_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o learned_a schoolman_n do_v take_v the_o word_n accident_n in_o this_o sense_n though_o the_o propriety_n of_o that_o word_n fetch_v from_o its_o radix_fw-la do_v not_o invite_v much_o less_o oblige_v they_o to_o do_v so_o i_o doubt_v also_o that_o the_o usage_n of_o that_o word_n in_o that_o warrantable_a sense_n i_o have_v now_o assign_v be_v not_o so_o common_a and_o universal_o current_n even_o among_o the_o schoolman_n as_o to_o force_v it_o to_o bear_v that_o sense_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o think_v that_o accident_n be_v certain_a kind_n of_o little_a adventitious_a entity_n much_o less_o among_o the_o modern_a ideist_n who_o through_o their_o shortness_n in_o logic_n and_o metaphysic_n do_v make_v quantity_n or_o extension_n the_o essential_a form_n of_o body_n which_o be_v to_o put_v bigness_n in_o the_o line_n of_o be_v or_o to_o make_v bigness_n and_o be_v or_o the_o mode_n and_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n of_o notion_n and_o intrinsical_a to_o one_o another_o whereas_o a_o thing_n must_v first_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v ever_o it_o can_v be_v after_o such_o a_o mode_n or_o manner_n 17._o for_o the_o reason_n late_o give_v i_o can_v but_o judge_v that_o the_o word_n mode_n or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o modification_n proper_a be_v far_o more_o proper_a than_o the_o word_n accident_n to_o signify_v those_o last_o nine_o common_a head_n
be_v prove_v that_o what_o we_o maintain_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o course_n of_o natural_a cause_n ever_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v or_o imagine_v that_o god_n will_v have_v any_o hand_n in_o it_o and_o if_o we_o can_v prove_v this_o we_o need_v no_o immediate_a or_o particular_a recourse_n to_o god_n favour_v we_o by_o do_v this_o or_o that_o to_o make_v good_a our_o argument_n 4._o i_o must_v deny_v too_o consequent_o to_o my_o former_a doctrine_n that_o sensible_a quality_n be_v nothing_o in_o the_o object_n but_o mind_n power_n to_o produce_v various_a sensation_n in_o we_o unless_o it_o be_v mean_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o send_v out_o such_o effluvium_n into_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o sense_n as_o imprint_v their_o very_a nature_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o not_o bare_o to_o produce_v motion_n in_o our_o nerve_n nor_o can_v i_o conceive_v why_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o secondary_a quality_n shall_v have_v nothing_o like_o they_o exist_v in_o the_o body_n themselves_o nor_o be_v resemblance_n of_o they_o if_o this_o be_v true_a why_o be_v they_o call_v ideas_n which_o either_o signify_v resemblance_n or_o nothing_o again_o since_o the_o body_n be_v put_v to_o cause_v they_o how_o can_v we_o think_v they_o be_v nothing_o like_o they_o can_v any_o man_n think_v the_o effect_n be_v nothing_o like_o the_o cause_n when_o every_o effect_n can_v be_v nothing_o but_o a_o participation_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o something_o come_v into_o the_o subject_a from_o the_o efficient_a which_o be_v in_o it_o some_o way_n or_o other_o before_o last_o if_o these_o secondary_a quality_n be_v compound_v of_o the_o primary_n one_o viz._n of_o solidity_n extension_n figure_n and_o mobility_n in_o our_o understanding_n why_o shall_v not_o those_o primary_n quality_n in_o re_fw-mi as_o well_o compound_v those_o secondary_a one_o in_o the_o thing_n or_o out_o of_o our_o understanding_n and_o if_o they_o do_v as_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o must_v since_o they_o be_v all_o there_o then_o why_o be_v not_o those_o secondary_a idea_n full_a as_o like_v those_o secondary_a or_o compound_v quality_n find_v in_o the_o thing_n as_o the_o primary_n idea_n be_v like_o the_o primary_n quality_n in_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o consequent_o resemble_v they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o do_v their_o proper_a original_n i_o much_o doubt_n that_o the_o author_n rather_o consult_v his_o fancy_n in_o this_o particular_a than_o his_o good_a reason_n and_o because_o those_o effluvium_n or_o the_o figure_n of_o part_n which_o cause_n our_o sensation_n be_v too_o subtle_a and_o indiscernible_a to_o cause_v distinct_a phantasm_n of_o themselves_o as_o the_o primary_n one_o do_v but_o be_v of_o a_o confuse_a uniformness_n in_o appearance_n he_o judge_v hence_o they_o be_v nothing_o like_o the_o other_o whereas_o reason_n will_v inform_v reflecter_n that_o since_o colour_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o body_n as_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o reflect_v light_a the_o manner_n of_o reflection_n find_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o white_a thing_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o reflect_v much_o light_n be_v to_o our_o reason_n and_o in_o our_o notion_n such_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n imprint_v it_o and_o consequent_o every_o thing_n act_v as_o it_o be_v such_o as_o come_v from_o it_o whence_o those_o who_o by_o reflex_n thought_n and_o use_v their_o reason_n do_v go_v about_o to_o explain_v or_o define_v the_o nature_n or_o notion_n of_o whiteness_n do_v make_v it_o consist_v in_o such_o a_o reflection_n of_o light_n bring_v effluvium_n with_o it_o from_o a_o surface_n so_o advantageous_o figure_v and_o so_o the_o notion_n of_o whiteness_n be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o thing_n and_o in_o the_o understanding_n viz._n those_o effluvium_n thus_o figure_v or_o modify_v however_o the_o appearance_n of_o it_o in_o the_o fancy_n reach_v not_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v white_a which_o indeed_o fancy_n never_o do_v 5._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o pain_n which_o we_o feel_v be_v not_o in_o the_o thing_n that_o cause_v it_o and_o sensible_a quality_n be_v so_o be_v unphilosophical_a because_o these_o last_o be_v proper_a univocal_a and_o immediate_a effect_n of_o body_n send_v out_o effluvium_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n but_o pain_n be_v a_o affection_n of_o the_o soul_n spring_v from_o a_o perception_n that_o its_o dear_a compart_n be_v hurt_v and_o disorder_v be_v a_o improper_a remote_a and_o equivocal_a production_n the_o alter_a disorder_v or_o spoil_v the_o temperature_n or_o continuity_n of_o the_o bodily_a part_n due_a to_o their_o nature_n be_v as_o be_v show_v the_o immediate_a and_o proper_a effect_n of_o those_o offensive_a agent_n but_o it_o be_v accidental_a to_o their_o manner_n of_o operate_a that_o they_o cause_n pain_n or_o pleasure_n even_o remote_o and_o it_o light_v only_o that_o sometime_o they_o do_v this_o because_o the_o subject_a or_o the_o body_n in_o which_o they_o produce_v these_o their_o proper_a effect_n hap_v to_o be_v identify_v with_o a_o know_v nature_n only_o which_o be_v proper_o capable_a to_o grieve_v or_o be_v delight_v when_o a_o harmful_a or_o please_a impression_n be_v make_v on_o the_o body_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o man_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n himself_o the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o manna_n and_o other_o such_o instance_n the_o alteration_n or_o disorder_n make_v in_o the_o gut_n and_o stomach_n be_v natural_a proper_a and_o immediate_a effect_n of_o it_o but_o the_o pain_n ensue_v thence_o which_o be_v a_o spiritual_a disposition_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v a_o remote_a accidental_a and_o improper_a effect_n of_o it_o 6._o by_o this_o time_n mr._n locke_n see_v such_o that_o i_o agree_v with_o he_o that_o the_o body_n in_o nature_n have_v a_o power_n in_o they_o to_o cause_v our_o several_a sensation_n and_o that_o this_o power_n be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v such_o a_o quality_n of_o it_o but_o i_o disagree_v with_o he_o that_o they_o be_v only_a power_n to_o cause_v such_o a_o motion_n and_o affirm_v it_o be_v a_o power_n when_o due_o circumstance_v with_o other_o requisite_n as_o with_o light_n to_o convey_v visible_a quality_n moisture_n gustable_a one_o etc._n etc._n to_o send_v out_o effluvium_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n to_o the_o brain_n which_o therefore_o be_v inherent_a in_o and_o proper_a part_n of_o those_o object_n whether_o they_o cause_v actual_a sensation_n or_o no._n the_o sun_n send_v out_o his_o beam_n which_o scatter_v thin_o at_o this_o remote_a distance_n from_o the_o fountain_n be_v therefore_o one_o of_o mr._n locke_n secondary_a quality_n which_o we_o call_v light_n yet_o contract_v by_o a_o burning-glass_n they_o perform_v the_o proper_a effect_n of_o fire_n burn_v whence_o we_o ought_v to_o conclude_v they_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o fire_n can_v we_o then_o deny_v or_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o communicate_v or_o send_v they_o out_o be_v itself_o fire_n or_o that_o be_v such_o those_o ray_n and_o the_o sun_n have_v no_o similitude_n with_o one_o another_o or_o that_o when_o they_o strike_v the_o eye_n they_o stop_v there_o and_o be_v not_o carry_v into_o the_o brain_n hypocrates_n tell_v we_o that_o omnes_fw-la part_n corporis_fw-la sunt_fw-la permeabiles_fw-la meaning_n that_o they_o be_v pervious_a to_o the_o humour_n which_o be_v gross_a thing_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n how_o can_v it_o then_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o they_o reach_v the_o fancy_n and_o thence_o the_o soul_n and_o imprint_v their_o notion_n or_o nature_n there_o and_o though_o some_o may_v deny_v they_o be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o mind_n as_o they_o be_v in_o nature_n yet_o can_v it_o with_o any_o show_n of_o reason_n be_v deny_v they_o be_v at_o all_o like_a the_o cause_n that_o produce_v they_o the_o like_a discourse_n hold_v in_o all_o other_o sensible_a quality_n to_o what_o sense_n soever_o they_o belong_v 7._o to_o close_v this_o discourse_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o mr._n lock_v intend_v to_o oppose_v those_o who_o hold_v that_o the_o sensible_a quality_n be_v a_o little_a kind_n of_o distinct_a entity_n next_o i_o declare_v that_o though_o the_o thing_n have_v accidental_o a_o power_n in_o it_o to_o make_v itself_o perceive_v yet_o take_v the_o thing_n as_o a_o object_n as_o he_o do_v it_o be_v but_o improper_o call_v a_o power_n and_o not_o proper_o as_o be_v our_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o see_v hear_v know_v etc._n etc._n be_v for_o the_o act_n be_v the_o end_n for_o which_o the_o power_n be_v give_v the_o faculty_n or_o power_n be_v better_v and_o perfect_v by_o be_v reduce_v to_o act_n and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o real_a ground_n for_o their_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o object_n whereas_o neither_o the_o object_n or_o thing_n nor_o
think_v be_v better_o elucidate_v than_o by_o reflect_v on_o what_o those_o who_o write_v of_o the_o excellency_n of_o poesy_n and_o poet_n use_v to_o say_v in_o commendation_n of_o those_o daedalean_a artist_n they_o tell_v we_o that_o a_o poet_n have_v that_o name_n from_o the_o greek_a noun_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v a_o maker_n the_o reason_n they_o give_v for_o this_o appellation_n be_v that_o whereas_o other_o artist_n have_v their_o material_n give_v to_o their_o hand_n to_o work_v upon_o by_o shape_a it_o into_o a_o artificial_a form_n the_o poet_n alone_o be_v the_o maker_n as_o well_o of_o his_o matter_n as_o the_o contriver_n of_o its_o form_n so_o that_o the_o idea_n he_o have_v in_o his_o head_n of_o his_o hero_n his_o lover_n his_o lady_n and_o of_o virtuous_a person_n be_v indeed_o as_o mr._n locke_n call_v he_o archetype_n and_o regard_v not_o whether_o such_o incomparable_a pattern_n he_o have_v invent_v do_v ever_o exist_v in_o nature_n or_o no_o nor_o be_v it_o to_o his_o purpose_n yet_o still_o as_o mr._n locke_n say_v well_o that_o his_o complex_n idea_n be_v make_v of_o simple_a one_o so_o by_o the_o leave_n of_o those_o self-magnifiers_a the_o poet_n can_v never_o have_v have_v those_o excellent_a idea_n of_o his_o hero_n or_o their_o great_a action_n have_v he_o not_o be_v pre-imbued_a with_o natural_a notion_n which_o he_o join_v together_o ingenious_o and_o exalt_v they_o to_o a_o high_a pitch_n so_o to_o make_v they_o exemplar_n for_o other_o to_o imitate_v rather_o he_o only_o add_v superlative_a or_o extraordinary_a degree_n to_o what_o he_o find_v in_o nature_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a he_o regard_v not_o what_o be_v but_o what_o shall_v be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o philosopher_n who_o be_v to_o take_v his_o complex_n notion_n from_o thing_n just_a as_o he_o find_v they_o complicate_v in_o nature_n and_o then_o discourse_n upon_o they_o by_o his_o reason_n and_o not_o to_o stand_v coin_v new_a complex_n ideas_n which_o nature_n never_o give_v he_o what_o therefore_o i_o most_o dislike_v here_o in_o mr._n locke_n be_v that_o he_o seem_v not_o to_o reflect_v on_o what_o it_o be_v which_o make_v some_o idea_n or_o notion_n more_o simple_a than_o other_o viz._n their_o being_n more_o abstract_v or_o universal_a for_o this_o free_v they_o from_o the_o partnership_n of_o more-compounded_n difference_n and_o the_o complexion_n of_o multitude_n of_o accident_n which_o still_o as_o they_o descend_v low_o be_v requisite_a to_o distinguish_v the_o kind_n of_o thing_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o become_v more_o simple_a or_o less_o compound_v whence_o the_o supreme_a head_n of_o the_o ten_o predicament_n be_v the_o simple_a notion_n of_o all_o other_o except_o that_o of_o existence_n do_v mr._n locke_n rate_v the_o simplicity_n and_o complexion_n of_o his_o idea_n from_o this_o certain_a and_o wellgrounded_n rule_n there_o may_v a_o easy_a accommodation_n be_v make_v between_o his_o doctrine_n and_o i_o as_o to_o this_o particular_a but_o his_o zeal_n against_o the_o cobweb_n scheme_n some_o modern_a schoolman_n have_v weave_v transport_v he_o to_o ravel_v that_o excellent_a frame_n of_o notion_n which_o both_o nature_n and_o art_n have_v give_v we_o and_o as_o cartesius_n and_o other_o have_v do_v to_o model_n all_o philosophy_n upon_o a_o new_a though_o less_o solid_a or_o rather_o far_o from_o solid_a foundation_n 9_o that_o i_o may_v say_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o ideist_n it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o they_o find_v by_o experience_n thing_n notion_n be_v as_o their_o idea_n do_v represent_v they_o and_o that_o they_o succeed_v as_o we_o by_o mean_n of_o our_o idea_n do_v forecast_n they_o therefore_o real_a knowledge_n may_v be_v have_v by_o mean_n of_o idea_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o this_o agreement_n they_o have_v between_o what_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o out_o of_o it_o will_v equal_o nay_o better_o be_v explicate_v be_v the_o thing_n themselves_o in_o the_o mind_n and_o not_o the_o idea_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v no_o argument_n for_o the_o reality_n of_o their_o knowledge_n by_o idea_n only_o beside_o i_o deny_v that_o when_o their_o idea_n be_v not_o true_a natural_a notion_n but_o fancy_n they_o experience_v they_o or_o any_o effect_n of_o they_o as_o in_o vacuum_n or_o duration_n before_o or_o after_o the_o world_n second_o i_o answer_v that_o experience_n only_o help_v they_o by_o give_v they_o knowledge_n and_o knowledge_n according_a to_o they_o can_v only_o be_v have_v by_o mean_n of_o idea_n wherefore_o they_o must_v either_o prove_v by_o other_o ground_n that_o similitude_n can_v give_v we_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o they_o do_v petere_fw-la principium_fw-la beg_v the_o question_n and_o prove_v idem_fw-la per_fw-la idem_fw-la for_o if_o mere_a representation_n can_v give_v we_o no_o true_a knowledge_n experience_n which_o only_o assist_v we_o by_o give_v we_o idea_n be_v quite_o throw_v out_o of_o door_n and_o may_v all_o be_v fantastical_a all_o be_v wrong_a and_o fall_v short_a if_o the_o first_o ground_n of_o our_o knowledge_n be_v incompetent_a and_o insignificant_a beside_o experience_n give_v we_o both_o phantasm_n which_o be_v material_a representation_n and_o our_o notion_n too_o which_o be_v spiritual_a but_o experience_n be_v not_o due_o qualify_v to_o tell_v we_o which_o be_v the_o one_o and_o which_o be_v the_o other_o though_o this_o be_v of_o the_o high_a concern_v in_o our_o case_n all_o it_o can_v do_v be_v to_o inform_v we_o that_o we_o be_v affect_v by_o some_o agent_n work_v on_o our_o sense_n nay_o of_o the_o two_o it_o more_o incline_v we_o to_o embrace_v phantasm_n for_o notion_n for_o those_o do_v make_v upon_o we_o the_o more_o sensible_a impression_n and_o cause_v a_o more_o lively_a representation_n to_o distinguish_v perfect_o between_o this_o false_a and_o true_a ground_n of_o knowledge_n be_v of_o the_o most_o weighty_a importance_n of_o all_o other_o point_n of_o philosophy_n whatsoever_o and_o yet_o i_o must_v complain_v that_o not_o the_o least_o care_n as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v be_v take_v any_o where_o in_o this_o treatise_n to_o distinguish_v they_o and_o particular_o not_o in_o this_o chapter_n which_o have_v be_v the_o proper_a place_n to_o treat_v of_o that_o subject_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o i_o have_v show_v above_o they_o be_v careless_o confound_v and_o i_o must_v declare_v that_o without_o settle_v this_o point_n well_o we_o can_v never_o have_v any_o certainty_n what_o knowledge_n be_v real_a what_o fantastic_a or_o when_o we_o do_v true_o know_v when_o only_o seem_v to_o know_v but_o there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n here_o to_o that_o purpose_n 10._o as_o for_o the_o monster_n and_o changeling_n here_o speak_v of_o i_o think_v philosopher_n shall_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o principle_n lusus_fw-la naturae_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v beside_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n but_o with_o the_o common_a course_n of_o cause_n or_o nature_n itself_o my_o judgement_n be_v too_o that_o people_n shall_v be_v very_o wary_a in_o kill_v any_o monster_n that_o approach_v to_o humane_a shape_n and_o that_o it_o be_v fit_a there_o shall_v be_v hospital_n to_o breed_v they_o till_o perfect_a observation_n be_v make_v concern_v they_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o sight_n will_v invite_v spectator_n and_o bear_v their_o charge_n unless_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v danger_n lest_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o apprehensive_a sex_n who_o see_v such_o uncouth_a shape_v or_o hear_v frequent_a talk_n of_o they_o shall_v by_o that_o occasion_n breed_v more_o of_o they_o what_o concern_v we_o be_v to_o look_v to_o our_o principle_n and_o not_o to_o be_v mislead_v from_o they_o by_o reflect_v on_o such_o odd_a preternatural_a production_n as_o i_o must_v think_v mr._n locke_n be_v when_o he_o think_v changeling_n to_o be_v something_o between_o a_o man_n and_o a_o beast_n the_o division_n of_o animal_n into_o rational_a and_o irrational_a be_v make_v by_o such_o difference_n as_o be_v perfect_o contradictory_n to_o one_o another_o between_o which_o there_o can_v no_o more_o be_v any_o three_o or_o middle_a than_o there_o can_v be_v a_o medium_fw-la between_z be_v and_o be_v not_o if_o then_o that_o odd_a birth_n be_v rational_a let_v the_o shape_n be_v as_o distort_v as_o it_o will_v it_o be_v true_o a_o man_n if_o it_o be_v not_o let_v it_o look_v never_o so_o like_o a_o man_n it_o be_v a_o brute_n when_o it_o be_v the_o one_o when_o the_o other_o may_v hap_v in_o some_o odd_a case_n to_o be_v doubtful_a and_o than_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o prudence_n of_o intelligent_a man_n to_o decide_v it_o or_o if_o they_o can_v it_o become_v we_o in_o christian_a prudence_n to_o act_v
wary_o indeed_o if_o the_o definition_n of_o man_n viz._n rational_a animal_n be_v questionable_a we_o shall_v as_o i_o say_v above_o be_v at_o a_o great_a loss_n to_o know_v our_o own_o kind_a which_o will_v be_v but_o a_o melancholy_a business_n and_o if_o we_o forego_v our_o principle_n distinguish_v between_o corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a nature_n we_o may_v perhaps_o grow_v in_o time_n no_o wise_a than_o the_o common_a people_n among_o the_o portuguese_n in_o brazil_n who_o conceit_n the_o ape_n and_o monkey_n there_o have_v as_o much_o wit_n as_o themselves_o have_v and_o can_v speak_v well_o enough_o too_o if_o they_o will_v but_o that_o out_o of_o a_o deep_a reach_n of_o policy_n they_o counterfeit_v themselves_o dumb_a and_o not_o to_o understand_v the_o language_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o work_v corollary_n i._o from_o this_o discourse_n and_o the_o evident_a ground_n of_o it_o all_o possibility_n of_o vacuum_n be_v clear_o confute_v vacuum_n for_o if_o the_o idea_n or_o notion_n of_o space_n be_v only_o a_o inadequate_a conception_n of_o body_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_o take_v or_o body_n conceive_v according_a to_o such_o a_o mode_n of_o it_o then_o to_o put_v space_n without_o body_n or_o where_o there_o be_v no_o body_n be_v a_o perfect_a contradiction_n corallery_n ii_o hence_o also_o though_o the_o cartesian_o can_v demonstrate_v there_o be_v innate_a idea_n which_o i_o judge_v impossible_a more_o yet_o unless_o they_o declare_v and_o prove_v by_o their_o principle_n that_o those_o idea_n be_v the_o thing_n themselves_o in_o our_o understanding_n and_o not_o resemblance_n only_o the_o same_o argument_n i_o have_v use_v against_o other_o will_v have_v equal_a or_o rather_o a_o far_o great_a force_n against_o they_o and_o conclude_v that_o they_o can_v by_o their_o principle_n have_v knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o that_o they_o know_v nothing_o and_o how_o they_o shall_v pretend_v they_o be_v the_o thing_n themselves_o if_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n be_v altogether_o inconceivable_a 11._o concern_v truth_n in_o general_n of_o which_o mr._n locke_n treat_v in_o his_o 5_o chapter_n no_o more_o can_v be_v say_v speak_v idea_n of_o natural_a truth_n but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o thing_n exist_v such_o in_o our_o mind_n as_o they_o exist_v in_o themselves_o for_o this_o put_v our_o mind_n will_v be_v conformable_a to_o the_o thing_n who_o metaphysical_a verity_n fix_v they_o to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v or_o if_o we_o speak_v of_o they_o as_o affect_v with_o any_o mode_n as_o they_o be_v whence_o our_o judgement_n concern_v they_o be_v thus_o ground_v can_v but_o be_v true_a what_o mr._n l.'s_n join_v or_o separate_n of_o sign_n etc._n etc._n have_v to_o do_v with_o truth_n be_v beyond_o my_o skill_n to_o comprehend_v for_o sign_n be_v no_o more_o truth_n than_o the_o bush_n at_o the_o door_n be_v the_o wine_n in_o the_o cellar_n i_o have_v demonstrate_v over_o and_o over_o that_o idea_n which_o he_o make_v here_o one_o sort_n of_o sign_n and_o be_v mere_a similitude_n can_v never_o give_v we_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n much_o less_o can_v truth_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o knowledge_n consist_v in_o conjoin_v or_o separate_v they_o and_o least_o of_o all_o can_v truth_n consist_v in_o the_o join_v or_o separate_v the_o other_o sort_n of_o sign_n viz._n of_o word_n without_o the_o idea_n or_o notion_n for_o thus_o consider_v they_o be_v no_o more_o but_o sound_n or_o character_n to_o discourse_v this_o point_n from_o its_o fundamental_a ground_n and_o declare_v it_o literal_o the_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o put_v into_o a_o proposition_n predicate_v the_o whole_a thing_n or_o mode_n of_o itself_o and_o affirm_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v what_o it_o be_v give_v we_o our_o first_o truth_n or_o first_o principle_n and_o all_o other_o truth_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o inadequate_a or_o partial_a notion_n or_o conception_n of_o the_o thing_n either_o as_o to_o what_o be_v intrinsecal_n or_o extrinsical_a to_o it_o be_v predicate_v either_o of_o the_o thing_n as_o in_o itself_o that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o line_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v call_v essential_a predicate_v as_o when_o we_o say_v petrus_n est_fw-fr animal_n or_o as_o it_o be_v affect_v with_o some_o mode_n consistent_a in_o the_o same_o subject_a as_o when_o we_o say_v petrus_n est_fw-fr albus_n pater_n locatus_fw-la galeatus_fw-la album_fw-la est_fw-la dulce_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a there_o can_v be_v any_o more_o sort_n of_o formal_a truth_n but_o these_o two_o for_o all_o predication_n be_v make_v by_o some_o kind_n of_o identification_n as_o be_v plain_o signify_v by_o the_o copula_fw-la be_v and_o there_o can_v possible_o be_v any_o other_o sort_n of_o identification_n but_o either_o in_o the_o whole_a or_o not_o in_o the_o whole_a that_o be_v in_o part_n or_o according_a to_o partial_a conception_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o identification_n at_o all_o of_o idea_n mr._n lock_v confess_v that_o each_o of_o they_o be_v what_o itself_o be_v and_o no_o other_o 12._o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o strange_a kind_n of_o catechresis_n to_o make_v two_o sort_n of_o truth_n montal_n and_o verbal_n and_o we_o may_v with_o as_o coincident_a good_a sense_n say_v that_o a_o tavern_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o wine_n one_o in_o the_o cellar_n the_o other_o in_o the_o bush_n at_o the_o door_n for_o word_n be_v good_a for_o nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o mere_o and_o pure_o to_o signify_v so_o that_o when_o we_o say_v a_o man_n speak_v true_a the_o sense_n of_o those_o word_n can_v be_v only_o this_o that_o the_o proposition_n he_o speak_v do_v signify_v such_o a_o thought_n or_o judgement_n in_o his_o mind_n as_o be_v real_o conformable_a to_o the_o thing_n he_o think_v or_o speak_v of_o and_o i_o wonder_v this_o great_a man_n can_v imagine_v that_o in_o our_o more_o complex_fw-la idea_n we_o put_v the_o name_n for_o the_o idea_n itself_o for_o then_o that_o name_n will_v signify_v nothing_o at_o all_o if_o neither_o the_o thing_n nor_o the_o idea_n be_v signify_v by_o it_o as_o he_o seem_v to_o hold_v again_o word_n differ_v from_o mere_a sound_n in_o this_o that_o they_o have_v some_o sense_n or_o mean_v in_o they_o and_o meaning_n be_v the_o very_a notion_n we_o have_v in_o our_o mind_n wherefore_o the_o part_n of_o this_o distinction_n of_o he_o will_v be_v coincident_a because_o all_o verbal_a truth_n be_v the_o expression_n proper_a will_v necessary_o be_v mental_a one_o and_o mr._n locke_n seem_v to_o say_v the_o same_o §_o 8._o where_o he_o make_v those_o truth_n which_o be_v bare_o nominal_a to_o be_v chimerical_a i_o grant_v too_o that_o truth_n may_v be_v distinguish_v according_a to_o their_o several_a subject_n into_o moral_a physical_a metaphysical_a etc._n etc._n but_o i_o must_v severe_o reflect_v on_o his_o describe_v moral_a truth_n §_o 11._o to_o be_v the_o speak_a thing_n according_a to_o the_o persuasion_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n though_o the_o proposition_n we_o speak_v do_v not_o agree_v to_o the_o reality_n of_o thing_n for_o since_o it_o be_v most_o evident_o know_v that_o the_o persuasion_n of_o man_n mind_n not_o only_o may_v but_o do_v frequent_o contradict_v one_o another_o by_o this_o definition_n of_o moral_a truth_n both_o side_n of_o the_o contradiction_n may_v be_v true_a which_o destroy_v truth_n by_o confound_v it_o with_o falsehood_n and_o make_v the_o art_n of_o distinguish_v ridiculous_a by_o make_v truth_n a_o genus_fw-la to_o some_o sort_n of_o falsehood_n or_o not-truth_n to_o be_v one_o kind_n of_o truth_n it_o be_v a_o very_a dangerous_a thing_n in_o philosophy_n to_o bring_v distinction_n unless_o each_o member_n of_o the_o notion_n divide_v include_v the_o notion_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la they_o be_v invent_v for_o clear_v truth_n but_o if_o ill_o make_v or_o ill-managed_a nothing_o in_o the_o world_n breed_v great_a error_n and_o confusion_n corruptio_fw-la optimi_fw-la pessima_fw-la reflection_n nineteen_o on_o the_o 6_o seven_o and_o 8_o chapter_n 1._o by_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o my_o forego_n reflection_n my_o note_n upon_o his_o 6_o chapter_n of_o universal_a proposition_n their_o truth_n and_o certainty_n will_v be_v word_n easy_o understand_v but_o i_o be_o to_o premise_v first_o that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o here_o what_o prove_v the_o truth_n of_o such_o proposition_n which_o be_v the_o work_n of_o logic_n but_o whether_o there_o can_v be_v any_o truth_n in_o they_o or_o certainty_n of_o they_o at_o all_o or_o no._n second_o that_o the_o formal_a truth_n of_o proposition_n can_v only_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n or_o that_o mental_a proposition_n only_o be_v capable_a of_o truth_n or_o falslhood_n
though_o word_n be_v needful_a to_o signify_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o must_v deny_v that_o the_o consideration_n of_o word_n be_v a_o necessary_a part_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o knowledge_n meaning_n by_o that_o word_n philosophical_a knowledge_n as_o our_o circumstance_n determine_v we_o let_v logician_n but_o take_v care_n that_o the_o word_n be_v univocal_a and_o not_o equivocal_a or_o double_o sense_v and_o all_o else_o that_o can_v be_v consider_v to_o belong_v to_o truth_n be_v to_o be_v look_v for_o in_o the_o mind_n and_o can_v be_v no_o where_o else_o hence_o i_o can_v admit_v his_o distinction_n of_o certainty_n of_o truth_n and_o certainty_n of_o knowledge_n in_o any_o other_o sense_n than_o that_o knowledge_n be_v the_o act_n and_o truth_n the_o only_a object_n of_o that_o act_n since_o nothing_o can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v what_o be_v not_o nor_o know_v to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v not_o true_a the_o generical_a notion_n certainty_n shall_v first_o have_v be_v explicate_v ere_o those_o two_o sort_n of_o it_o have_v be_v define_v otherwise_o both_o those_o definition_n must_v necessary_o remain_v unintelligible_a i_o shall_v presume_v that_o i_o have_v in_o my_o method_n show_v from_o its_o ground_n what_o certainty_n be_v viz._n the_o determination_n of_o our_o understanding_n or_o judge_v power_n by_o the_o object_n be_v actuate_a it_o or_o be_v actual_o in_o it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o self_n with_o which_o what_o his_o put_v together_o of_o word_n in_o verbal_a proposition_n have_v to_o do_v surpass_v my_o understanding_n and_o it_o be_v as_o hard_a to_o conceive_v that_o general_a truth_n can_v never_o be_v well_o make_v know_v and_o be_v very_o seldom_o apprehend_v but_o as_o conceive_v and_o express_v in_o word_n that_o general_a truth_n can_v be_v make_v know_v to_o other_o without_o word_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n as_o evident_a as_o it_o be_v that_o we_o can_v see_v one_o another_o thought_n nor_o be_v this_o peculiar_a to_o general_n truth_n for_o scarce_o can_v particular_a one_o be_v make_v know_v any_o other_o way_n but_o that_o they_o can_v be_v know_v or_o apprehend_v by_o ourselves_o which_o seem_v here_o to_o be_v his_o meaning_n but_o as_o conceive_a and_o express_v in_o word_n be_v so_o far_o from_o evident_a that_o the_o contrary_a be_v such_o for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o express_v they_o in_o word_n unless_o we_o do_v first_o apprehend_v and_o conceive_v they_o in_o our_o thought_n and_o be_v not_o this_o so_o all_o the_o while_o we_o use_v word_n in_o speak_v of_o general_n truth_n we_o shall_v do_v nothing_o but_o talk_v of_o we_o know_v not_o what_o for_o our_o thought_n and_o apprehension_n be_v ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la presuppose_v to_o the_o word_n by_o which_o we_o express_v they_o and_o to_o do_v otherwise_o be_v to_o let_v our_o tongue_n run_v before_o our_o wit._n whence_o we_o account_v they_o silly_a and_o senseless_a people_n and_o perverter_n of_o nature_n who_o make_v 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premise_n unless_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o universal_a and_o quite_o destroy_v all_o science_n which_o be_v employ_v about_o universal_a or_o general_a truth_n he_o instance_n in_o man_n and_o gold_n and_o judge_n that_o for_o want_v of_o know_v the_o extent_n of_o their_o species_n it_o be_v impossible_a with_o any_o certainty_n to_o affirm_v that_o all_o man_n be_v rational_a or_o all_o gold_n yellow_a we_o can_v indeed_o know_v this_o by_o consider_v every_o individual_a man_n by_o the_o poll_n but_o if_o by_o the_o word_n man_n we_o mean_v no_o more_o but_o a_o rational_a animal_n it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o impossible_a to_o know_v and_o affirm_v that_o all_o man_n be_v rational_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a not_o to_o know_v it_o and_o be_v it_o a_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v good_a that_o definition_n here_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v that_o it_o do_v agree_v to_o man_n and_o can_v agree_v to_o nothing_o else_o and_o therefore_o that_o definition_n be_v true_a and_o adequate_a nor_o can_v the_o contrary_n be_v sustain_v any_o other_o way_n but_o by_o unacquaint_v we_o with_o ourselves_o and_o our_o own_o kind_a and_o by_o jumble_v together_o these_o species_n which_o be_v distinguish_v by_o contradictory_n difference_n and_o confound_a the_o vastly-distinct_a nature_n and_o property_n of_o corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a being_n as_o for_o the_o species_n of_o gold_n yellowness_n which_o he_o instance_n in_o be_v not_o essential_a to_o it_o as_o rationality_n be_v to_o man_n as_o be_v but_o one_o of_o those_o accident_n by_o which_o we_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o species_n of_o mineral_n and_o i_o have_v hint_v some_o other_o former_o which_o be_v more_o intrinsical_v and_o essential_a to_o it_o than_o its_o colour_n again_o we_o be_v moreover_o certain_a by_o manifest_a and_o daily_a experience_n and_o by_o the_o constant_a and_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o world_n that_o mankind_n be_v acquaint_v with_o enough_o of_o those_o accident_n to_o distinguish_v it_o one_o bespeak_v a_o golden_a cup_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n make_v it_o for_o he_o nor_o be_v it_o ever_o hear_v that_o any_o of_o this_o trade_n do_v hope_n to_o cozen_v a_o sensible_a man_n by_o obtrude_a upon_o the_o buyer_n brass_n or_o any_o other_o metal_n for_o gold_n or_o if_o he_o do_v that_o goldsmith's-hall_n can_v not_o distinguish_v it_o nay_o if_o it_o be_v but_o a_o little_a alloyd_v there_o be_v way_n to_o find_v it_o out_o which_o show_v that_o mankind_n be_v furnish_v with_o mean_n enough_o to_o distinguish_v gold_n from_o other_o metal_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n other_o thing_n also_o though_o the_o extent_n of_o all_o the_o species_n and_o their_o precise_a bound_n be_v not_o exact_o know_v to_o those_o speculater_n who_o will_v needs_o forgo_v their_o natural_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n to_o pursue_v scrupulous_a fancy_n which_o let_v loose_a to_o fly_v at_o rover_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o their_o reason_n unestablish_v by_o 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constitute_v it_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o ens._n indeed_o if_o nothing_o will_v content_v we_o but_o superfluous_a knowledge_n for_o curiosity_n sake_n of_o each_o particular_a mode_n that_o belong_v to_o that_o essence_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o we_o labour_v in_o vain_a and_o by_o over-straining_a to_o go_v beyond_o ourselves_o in_o this_o state_n fall_v short_a of_o our_o aim_n i_o must_v confess_v that_o it_o will_v concern_v we_o much_o as_o we_o be_v to_o know_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o quality_n which_o we_o do_v not_o yet_o know_v in_o the_o thing_n inconsistent_a with_o those_o we_o do_v know_v for_o this_o will_v blunder_v our_o notion_n of_o it_o and_o make_v it_o chimerical_a but_o as_o it_o be_v impossible_a creative_a wisdom_n shall_v lay_v ground_n for_o contradiction_n so_o in_o case_n those_o quality_n be_v all_o consistent_a where_o be_v the_o harm_n not_o to_o know_v
above_o of_o the_o word_n idea_n that_o we_o can_v build_v no_o degree_n of_o certainty_n nor_o improvement_n of_o knowledge_n upon_o it_o especial_o since_o mr._n lock_v himself_o according_a to_o his_o usual_a candour_n and_o modesty_n declare_v here_o he_o do_v but_o think_v it_o true_a but_o which_o be_v the_o hard_a case_n of_o all_o to_o embrace_v this_o principle_n we_o must_v be_v oblige_v to_o quit_v all_o our_o self-evident_a maxim_n as_o of_o little_a use_n upon_o which_o ourselves_o and_o all_o the_o learned_a part_n of_o the_o world_n have_v proceed_v hitherto_o 12._o it_o be_v a_o great_a truth_n that_o it_o be_v a_o right_a method_n of_o advance_v knowledge_n to_o consider_v our_o abstract_a notion_n but_o if_o science_n these_o be_v not_o the_o thing_n nor_o as_o mr._n locke'_v complex_n idea_n be_v so_o much_o as_o like_v they_o i_o see_v not_o but_o that_o let_v we_o consider_v they_o as_o much_o as_o we_o will_v we_o shall_v be_v never_o the_o near_o attain_v any_o real_a knowledge_n by_o such_o a_o consideration_n i_o add_v that_o it_o be_v also_o as_o necessary_a to_o find_v out_o middle_a term_n that_o be_v proper_a without_o which_o no_o science_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o new_a conclusion_n nor_o consequent_o can_v we_o without_o this_o advance_v one_o step_v in_o exact_a knowledge_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a truth_n also_o that_o morality_n be_v capable_a of_o demonstration_n though_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o any_o author_n but_o mr._n locke_n and_o myself_o have_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o open_o to_o profess_v it_o the_o current_n of_o slight_a speculater_n have_v long_o endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o pass_v for_o a_o kind_n of_o maxim_n that_o there_o be_v no_o perfect_a certainty_n to_o be_v have_v but_o only_o in_o line_n and_o number_n whereas_o the_o principle_n of_o morality_n be_v as_o evident_a and_o the_o notion_n belong_v to_o such_o subject_n as_o clear_a as_o those_o in_o natural_a philosophy_n perhaps_o clear_a as_o this_o worthy_a author_n have_v show_v most_o manifest_o it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o knowledge_n may_v be_v better_v by_o experience_n but_o if_o he_o mean_v scientifical_a knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o demonstration_n i_o must_v deny_v it_o unless_o common_a principle_n of_o nature_n do_v guide_v experience_n and_o give_v it_o light_n of_o the_o true_a and_o proper_a cause_n of_o what_o experience_n inform_v our_o sense_n for_o without_o their_o assistance_n as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o my_o my_o method_n experimental_a knowledge_n can_v never_o produce_v any_o one_o scientifical_a conclusion_n i_o add_v that_o true_a science_n will_v be_v a_o thousand_o time_n more_o advance_v do_v learned_a man_n bend_v their_o endeavour_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o primary_n affection_n of_o body_n and_o thence_o proceed_v gradual_o to_o secondary_a or_o more_o compound_v one_o for_o this_o method_n will_v furnish_v studious_a man_n with_o good_a store_n of_o proper_a middle_a term_n to_o deduce_v their_o demonstration_n last_o it_o be_v true_a that_o we_o must_v beware_v of_o hypothesis_n and_o wrong_v principle_n but_o where_o shall_v we_o find_v any_o sect._n of_o philosopher_n who_o for_o want_v of_o exact_a skill_n in_o logic_n and_o metaphysic_n be_v not_o force_v to_o build_v upon_o hypothesis_n and_o those_o general_o false_a one_o too_o but_o our_o anti-ideists_a who_o i_o take_v to_o be_v true_a follower_n of_o aristotle_n in_o his_o main_a principle_n and_o the_o only_a true_a understander_n of_o his_o doctrine_n it_o be_v indeed_o scarce_o possible_a that_o those_o who_o be_v not_o well_o qualify_v with_o those_o two_o science_n shall_v be_v capable_a to_o comprehend_v his_o true_a sense_n 13._o mr._n lock_v judge_n that_o a_o man_n may_v pore_v long_o enough_o on_o those_o maxim_n use_v by_o euclid_n without_o see_v one_o jot_n the_o more_o maxim_n of_o mathematical_a truth_n self-evident_a truth_n need_v not_o be_v pour_v upon_o at_o all_o nor_o be_v they_o ever_o mean_v for_o the_o attain_n new_a knowledge_n by_o pore_v on_o those_o proposition_n single_o consider_v yet_o these_o maxim_n must_v be_v pre-supposed_n to_o be_v true_a and_o admit_v or_o the_o argument_n will_v very_o often_o want_v their_o best_a cement_n that_o give_v they_o a_o evident_a and_o necessary_a coherence_n they_o be_v prefix_v by_o euclid_n at_o first_o both_o because_o they_o may_v often_o come_v in_o play_n afterward_o as_o also_o because_o it_o will_v throw_v off_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o discourse_n to_o mention_v they_o still_o express_o every_o time_n there_o needs_o recourse_n to_o they_o whence_o it_o be_v judge_v fit_a by_o he_o and_o other_o like_v he_o to_o premise_v they_o at_o first_o and_o then_o refer_v to_o they_o let_v man_n but_o observe_v how_o and_o in_o what_o occasion_n euclid_n make_v use_v of_o they_o and_o it_o will_v then_o be_v best_a see_v what_o they_o be_v good_a for_o but_o if_o they_o be_v good_a for_o nothing_o at_o all_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o must_v be_v conclude_v that_o both_o euclid_n himself_o and_o such_o writer_n and_o user_n of_o maxim_n be_v all_o of_o they_o a_o company_n of_o vain_a idle_a fop_n to_o amuse_v their_o reader_n by_o propose_v so_o solemn_o such_o ridiculous_a trifle_n and_o dub_a those_o insignificant_a bauble_n with_o the_o honourable_a title_n of_o maxim_n and_o principle_n to_o fix_v which_o dis-repute_n upon_o he_o and_o his_o imitater_n will_n i_o doubt_v much_o scandalize_v every_o true_a member_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n reflection_n 21th_o on_o the_o fourteen_o fifteen_o and_o sixteen_o chapter_n 1._o i_o be_o sorry_a i_o must_v declare_v that_o in_o mr._n locke_n 14_o chapter_n which_o treat_v of_o judgement_n there_o be_v scarce_o one_o line_n that_o i_o can_v yield_v to_o i_o discourse_v thus_o judgement_n state_v do_v most_o evident_o import_v the_o fixure_n of_o our_o understanding_n in_o its_o assent_n to_o the_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n of_o any_o proposition_n for_o to_o say_v i_o judge_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v so_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o say_v i_o be_o full_o and_o firm_o persuade_v it_o be_v so_o now_o this_o fixure_n of_o the_o mind_n may_v arise_v from_o two_o cause_n reason_n and_o passion_n under_o the_o word_n reason_n take_v at_o large_a i_o comprehend_v all_o kind_n of_o evident_a knowledge_n whatever_o that_o can_v belong_v to_o a_o rational_a creature_n to_o passion_n belong_v all_o precipitancy_n of_o assent_n from_o what_o motive_n or_o cause_n soever_o it_o spring_v the_o former_a make_v we_o adhere_v to_o what_o we_o judge_v upon_o such_o motive_n as_o by_o their_o evidence_n do_v determine_v the_o understanding_n to_o assent_v and_o fix_v it_o in_o that_o assent_n which_o motive_n therefore_o can_v be_v only_o such_o as_o be_v pure_o intellectual_a or_o such_o as_o by_o our_o proceed_v upon_o they_o we_o see_v clear_o the_o thing_n must_v be_v so_o or_o not_o so_o as_o we_o apprehend_v the_o late_a spring_n from_o the_o will_n corrupt_v and_o bias_v by_o some_o interest_n or_o pleasure_n which_o inveigle_v our_o understanding_n to_o adhere_v to_o it_o as_o a_o truth_n because_o the_o will_n will_v have_v it_o so_o again_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o object_n man_n as_o have_v two_o nature_n in_o he_o may_v be_v employ_v about_o viz._n outward_a action_n and_o inward_a assent_n the_o former_a do_v general_o concern_v the_o external_n convenience_n or_o necessity_n of_o our_o temporal_a life_n here_o the_o late_a the_o interior_a and_o natural_a perfection_n of_o our_o soul_n which_o be_v the_o adhere_n to_o truth_n and_o reject_v of_o error_n in_o the_o former_a of_o these_o we_o can_v have_v no_o clear_a evidence_n or_o very_o seldom_o both_o because_o outward_a action_n be_v employ_v about_o particular_n of_o which_o we_o can_v have_v no_o science_n as_o also_o because_o those_o particular_n about_o which_o we_o be_v to_o act_n be_v surround_v with_o almost_o innumerable_a circumstance_n which_o we_o can_v comprehend_v and_o waylay_v by_o the_o undiscoverable_a ambush_n of_o fortune_n so_o that_o we_o can_v seldom_o or_o never_o with_o absolute_a certainty_n know_v whether_o they_o may_v or_o may_v not_o prove_v successful_a notwithstanding_o which_o danger_n when_o there_o be_v necessity_n or_o great_a conveniency_n to_o act_n outward_o we_o may_v without_o disparage_v our_o reason_n fall_v to_o act_v upon_o a_o probability_n the_o necessity_n oblige_v we_o to_o do_v so_o and_o the_o impossibility_n of_o perfect_a assurance_n acquit_v we_o of_o imprudence_n but_o of_o assent_v or_o of_o judge_v inward_o that_o a_o proposition_n be_v true_a or_o false_a there_o can_v be_v no_o necessity_n unless_o evidence_n force_v we_o to_o it_o in_o regard_n god_n goodness_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o a_o faculty_n of_o suspend_v our_o judgement_n in_o such_o case_n lest_o we_o
ens_fw-la adequate_o divide_v into_o body_n and_o spirit_n 8._o vacuum_n must_v either_o be_v res_n or_o modus_fw-la rei_fw-la otherwise_o we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o it_o 9_o the_o extravagant_a argument_n for_o vacuum_n refute_v 10._o we_o can_v set_v bound_n to_o space_n time_n and_o to_o all_o duration_n but_o god_n 11._o annihilation_n imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o omnipotency_n but_o of_o impotency_n 12._o the_o cartesian_o can_v hardly_o avoid_v vacuum_n 13._o the_o have_v a_o idea_n of_o vacuum_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o plenum_fw-la no_o argument_n to_o prove_v it_o reflection_n eight_o §_o 1._o the_o plain_a sense_n of_o the_o vulgar_a give_v we_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o time_n 2._o duration_n be_v not_o succession_n but_o rather_o opposite_a to_o it_o 3._o it_o be_v a_o strange_a paradox_n to_o say_v the_o notion_n of_o succession_n or_o duration_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o train_n of_o idea_n in_o our_o mind_n 4._o our_o not_o perceive_v duration_n when_o we_o sleep_v no_o argument_n for_o it_o 5._o this_o tenet_n be_v against_o experience_n 6._o and_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o of_o resemblance_n too_o 7._o one_o motion_n if_o know_v and_o regular_a may_v and_o must_v be_v a_o measure_n to_o another_o 8._o there_o be_v no_o show_n of_o reason_n that_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o period_n of_o duration_n can_v possible_o be_v take_v from_o the_o train_n of_o our_o idea_n 9_o this_o odd_a tenet_n not_o positive_o assert_v by_o mr._n locke_n reflection_n nine_o §_o 1._o imaginary_a time_n before_o the_o world_n a_o mere_a illusion_n of_o fancy_n 2._o they_o who_o advance_v tenet_n against_o nature_n must_v alter_v the_o mean_v of_o those_o word_n that_o express_v our_o natural_a notion_n 3._o god_n immensity_n not_o commensurate_a to_o a_o infinite_o expand_v space_n 4._o we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o a_o vacuum_n but_o a_o fancy_n only_o 5._o scripture-text_n the_o worst_a sort_n of_o argument_n for_o philosopher_n unless_o they_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o literal_o mean_v 6._o only_o self-existence_n and_o what_o flow_v from_o that_o notion_n be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n 7._o our_o natural_a notion_n assure_v we_o that_o it_o be_v mere_a fancy_n to_o explicate_v god_n attribute_n by_o respect_n to_o corporeal_a nature_n reflection_n ten_o §_o 1._o endless_a addition_n of_o number_n can_v never_o give_v we_o the_o notion_n of_o infinity_o 2._o how_o we_o come_v to_o have_v that_o notion_n 3._o and_o with_o what_o ease_n 4._o the_o notion_n of_o infinite_a be_v most_o perfect_o positive_a 5._o duration_n easy_o conceivable_a without_o succession_n reflection_n eleven_o §_o 1._o thought_n be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v sensation_n §_o 2._o think_v be_v the_o action_n and_o not_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o soul_n §_o 3._o mr._n locke_n position_n that_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o evil_a only_a in_o reference_n to_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n be_v true_a and_o solid_n reflection_n twelve_o §_o 1._o the_o due_a commendation_n of_o mr._n locke_n doctrine_n in_o this_o chapter_n of_o power_n 2._o that_o some_o spiritual_a agent_n be_v the_o first_o mover_n of_o body_n the_o will_n can_v move_v our_o body_n 3._o the_o understanding_n and_o will_v not_o distinct_a power_n 4._o man_n freedom_n or_o self-determination_n deduce_v from_o principle_n 5._o the_o difference_n between_o man_n and_o brute_n in_o their_o determination_n to_o action_n 6._o man_n natural_o pursue_v what_o be_v according_a to_o reason_n or_o virtuous_a therefore_o his_o nature_n have_v be_v pervert_v since_o his_o creation_n 7._o therefore_o supernatural_a motive_n be_v add_v to_o strengthen_v man_n weaken_v nature_n or_o reason_n 8._o supernatural_a motive_n be_v the_o strong_a will_v always_o prevail_v be_v they_o due_o apply_v to_o a_o subject_a dispose_v 9_o why_o the_o understanding_n and_o will_n must_v be_v the_o same_o power_n substantial_o 10._o how_o to_o conquer_v in_o our_o spiritual_a warfare_n 11._o it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n determin_n himself_o to_o action_n 12._o yet_o as_o predetermined_a by_o god_n 13._o determination_n to_o virtuous_a action_n do_v perfect_a and_o not_o destroy_v freedom_n 14._o good_a if_o evident_o appear_v such_o do_v certain_o determine_v the_o will._n 15._o how_o wrong_v judgement_n come_v §_o 16._o sin_n general_o spring_v from_o true_a but_o disproportionate_a judgement_n 17._o of_o uneasiness_n and_o mr._n locke_n discourse_n concern_v it_o 18._o good_a be_v the_o only_a determiner_n of_o the_o will_n and_o not_o uneasiness_n 19_o prove_v from_o our_o natural_a desire_n of_o happiness_n 20._o the_o appearance_n of_o good_a be_v of_o great_a weight_n but_o in_o a_o manner_n disregard_v by_o mr._n locke_n 21._o put_v this_o appearance_n his_o reason_n do_v not_o conclude_v 22._o prove_v because_o ease_n be_v not_o the_o perfection_n of_o a_o soul_n 23._o the_o truth_n of_o this_o point_n state_v 24._o mr._n locke_n omit_v here_o the_o idea_n of_o power_n to_o be_v a_o thing_n though_o nature_n suggest_v and_o force_v it_o reflection_n thirteen_o thirteen_o 1._o our_o mixture_n of_o our_o notion_n be_v regular_a mr._n locke'_v irregular_a and_o disorderly_o 2._o without_o know_v what_o substance_n or_o thing_n be_v we_o can_v pretend_v to_o philosophy_n 3._o all_o our_o notion_n and_o among_o they_o that_o of_o substance_n or_o res_n be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n 4._o we_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o notion_n of_o substance_n or_o thing_n 5._o we_o know_v the_o more_o inferior_a notion_n of_o thing_n less_o perfect_o and_o individual_a essence_n the_o least_o of_o all_o 6._o to_o gain_v a_o distinct_a notion_n of_o substance_n or_o thing_n we_o must_v consider_v it_o abstract_o from_o its_o modes_n single_o consider_v 7._o the_o literal_a truth_n how_o substance_n and_o its_o accident_n or_o the_o thing_n and_o its_o mode_n be_v exact_o know_v §_o 8._o it_o be_v impossible_a not_o to_o know_v extension_n it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n self-evident_a 9_o the_o cohesion_n of_o extend_v part_n be_v above_o physical_a proof_n and_o can_v only_o be_v know_v by_o metaphysic_n 10._o whence_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o seek_v for_o natural_a efficient_a cause_n for_o those_o effect_n that_o depend_v on_o formal_a cause_n 11._o we_o may_v have_v clear_a knowledge_n of_o spiritual_a nature_n by_o reflection_n 12._o the_o reason_n why_o and_o the_o manner_n how_o reflection_n fourteen_o fourteen_o 1._o the_o mind_n alone_o do_v not_o collect_v notion_n or_o compare_v they_o 2._o verbal_a relation_n come_v not_o from_o defect_n in_o our_o language_n but_o for_o want_v of_o a_o real_a ground_n 3._o what_o causality_n be_v and_o what_o ground_n the_o relation_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n 4._o the_o know_v the_o principle_n of_o individuation_n must_v antecede_v the_o knowledge_n of_o identity_n and_o diversity_n 5._o what_o give_v the_o ground_n to_o specify_v all_o notion_n 6._o what_o give_v the_o ground_n to_o our_o notion_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la 7._o how_o individual_a man_n be_v constitute_v 8._o existence_n can_v possible_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o individuation_n 9_o the_o outward_a circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n can_v conduce_v to_o constitute_v the_o individual_a essence_n 10._o a_o individual_a man_n be_v formal_o a_o individual_a thing_n of_o that_o kind_a and_o a_o individual_a person_n too_o §_o 11._o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o vulgar_a nor_o from_o extravagant_a supposition_n 12._o consciousness_n can_v constitute_v personal_a identity_n 13._o that_o consciousness_n be_v inseparable_a from_o every_o individual_a man._n 14._o yet_o angel_n who_o be_v pure_a act_n be_v constitute_v in_o part_n by_o the_o act_n of_o know_v themselves_o 15._o no_o soul_n be_v indifferent_a to_o any_o matter_n the_o notion_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la be_v essential_a the_o substance_n be_v the_o same_o though_o some_o quantity_n of_o the_o matter_n do_v come_v and_o go_v reflection_n fifteen_o §_o 1._o that_o be_v only_o true_a virtue_n which_o be_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n 2._o how_o we_o come_v to_o have_v confuse_a idea_n or_o notion_n 3._o the_o whole_a thing_n as_o it_o need_v not_o so_o it_o can_v be_v know_v clear_o 4._o the_o metaphysical_a reason_n why_o this_o complexion_n of_o accident_n which_o constitute_v individuum_n shall_v be_v almost_o infinite_o various_a 5._o we_o can_v sufficient_o know_v thing_n without_o comprehend_v full_o this_o complexion_n 6._o no_o formal_a truth_n or_o falsehood_n in_o idea_n or_o notion_n reflection_n sixteen_o sixteen_o 1._o whence_o proper_a and_o metaphorical_a notion_n and_o word_n have_v their_o origin_n 2._o the_o general_n rule_v to_o know_v the_o right_a sense_n of_o word_n §_o 3._o word_n of_o art_n most_o liable_a to_o be_v mistake_v 4._o the_o way_n how_o to_o avoid_v be_v
nice_a respect_n the_o common_a explication_n of_o extension_n defend_v ens_fw-la adequate_o divide_v into_o body_n and_o spirit_n vacuum_n must_v either_o be_v res_n or_o modus_fw-la rei_fw-la otherwise_o we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o it_o it_o preliminary_n 4._o §._o 39_o the_o extravagant_a argument_n for_o vacuum_n refute_v psal._n 103._o v_o 24._o we_o can_v set_v bound_n to_o space_n time_n and_o to_o all_o duration_n but_o god_n annihilation_n imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o omnipotency_n but_o of_o impotency_n the_o cartesian_o can_v hardly_o avoid_v vacuum_n the_o have_v a_o idea_n of_o vacuum_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o plenum_fw-la no_o argument_n to_o prove_v it_o the_o plain_a sense_n of_o the_o vulgar_a give_v we_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o time_n duration_n be_v not_o succession_n but_o rather_o opposite_a to_o it_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a paradox_n to_o say_v the_o notion_n of_o succession_n or_o duration_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o train_n of_o idea_n in_o our_o head_n our_o not_o perceive_v duration_n when_o we_o sleep_v no_o argument_n for_o it_o this_o tenet_n be_v against_o experience_n and_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o of_o resemblance_n too_o one_o motion_n if_o know_v and_o regular_a may_v and_o must_v be_v a_o measure_n to_o another_o there_o be_v no_o show_n of_o reason_n that_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o period_n of_o duration_n can_v possible_o be_v take_v from_o the_o train_n of_o our_o idea_n this_o odd_a tenet_n not_o positive_o assert_v by_o mr._n l._n imaginarytime_n before_o the_o world_n a_o mere_a illusion_n of_o fancy_n they_o who_o advance_v tenet_n against_o nature_n must_v alter_v the_o mean_v of_o those_o word_n that_o express_v our_o natural_a notion_n god_n immensity_n not_o commensurate_a to_o a_o infinite_o expand_v space_n we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o a_o vacuum_n but_o a_o fancy_n only_o scripture-text_n the_o worst_a sort_n of_o argument_n for_o philosopher_n unless_o they_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o literal_o mean_v only_o self_n existence_n and_o what_o flow_v from_o that_o notion_n be_v peculiar_a to_o god._n our_o natural_a notion_n assure_v we_o that_o it_o be_v mere_a fancy_n to_o explicate_v god_n attribute_n by_o respect_n to_o corporeal_a nature_n endless_a addition_n of_o number_n can_v never_o give_v we_o the_o notion_n of_o infinity_o how_o we_o come_v to_o have_v that_o notion_n notion_n prelim._n 4._o §_o 31_o 32._o and_o with_o what_o ease_n the_o notion_n of_o infinite_a be_v most_o perfect_o positive_a duration_n easy_o conceivable_a without_o succession_n succession_n james_n 1._o 17._o 17._o apocal._n cap._n 1._o v._n 7._o thought_n be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v sensation_n think_v be_v the_o action_n and_o not_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o soul_n mr._n l.'s_n position_n that_o thing_n be_v good_a or_o evil_a only_a in_o reference_n to_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n be_v true_a and_o solid_n the_o due_a commendation_n of_o mr._n l_n doctrine_n in_o this_o chapter_n of_o power_n that_o some_o spiritual_a agent_n be_v the_o first_o mover_n of_o body_n the_o will_n can_v move_v our_o body_n body_n preliminary_n 4._o §._o 25._o 26._o refl_fw-mi 5._o §._o 1._o the_o understanding_n and_o will_n not_o distinct_a power_n man_n freedom_n or_o self_n determination_n deduce_v from_o principle_n the_o difference_n between_o man_n and_o brute_n in_o their_o determination_n to_o action_n man_n natural_o pursue_v what_o be_v according_a to_o reason_n or_o virtuous_a therefore_o his_o nature_n have_v be_v pervert_v since_o his_o creation_n therefore_o supernatural_a motive_n be_v add_v to_o strengthen_v man_n weaken_a nature_n or_o reason_n supernatural_a motive_n be_v the_o strong_a will_v always_o prevail_v be_v they_o due_o apply_v to_o a_o subject_a dispose_v why_o the_o understanding_n and_o will_n must_v be_v the_o same_o power_n substantial_o how_o to_o conquer_v in_o our_o spiritual_a warfare_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n determine_v himself_o to_o action_n yet_o as_o predetermine_v by_o god._n determination_n to_o virtuous_a action_n do_v perfect_a and_o not_o destroy_v freedom_n good_a if_o evident_o appear_v such_o do_v certain_o determine_v the_o will._n how_o wrong_v judgement_n come_v sin_n general_o spring_v from_o true_a but_o disproportionate_a judgement_n of_o uneasiness_n and_o mr._n l_n discourse_n concern_v it_o good_a be_v the_o only_a determiner_n of_o the_o will_n and_o not_o uneasiness_n prove_v from_o our_o natural_a desire_n of_o happiness_n the_o appearance_n of_o the_o good_a be_v of_o great_a weight_n but_o in_o a_o manner_n disregard_v by_o mr._n locke_n put_v this_o appearance_n his_o reason_n do_v not_o conclude_v prove_v because_o ease_n be_v not_o the_o perfection_n of_o a_o soul_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o point_n state_v mr._n l._n omit_v here_o the_o idea_n of_o power_n to_o be_v a_o thing_n though_o nature_n suggest_v iâ—_n our_o mixture_n of_o our_o notion_n be_v regular_a mr._n l.'s_n irregular_a and_o disorderly_a without_o know_v what_o substance_n or_o thing_n be_v we_o cannos_fw-la pretend_v to_o philosophy_n all_o our_o notion_n and_o among_o they_o that_o of_o substance_n or_o res_n be_v take_v from_o the_o thing_n we_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o notion_n of_o substance_n or_o thing_n we_o know_v the_o more_o inferior_a notion_n of_o thing_n less_o perfect_o and_o the_o individual_a essence_n lest_o of_o all_o to_o gain_v a_o distinct_a notion_n of_o substance_n or_o thing_n i_o must_v consider_v it_o abstract_o from_o its_o modes_n single_o consider_v the_o literal_a truth_n how_o substance_n and_o its_o accident_n or_o the_o thing_n and_o its_o mode_n be_v distinct_o know_v it_o be_v impossible_a not_o to_o know_v extension_n be_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n self-evident_a the_o cohesion_n of_o extend_v part_n be_v above_o physical_a proof_n and_o can_v only_o be_v know_v by_o metaphysic_n whence_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o seek_v for_o natural_a efficient_a cause_n for_o those_o effect_n that_o depend_v on_o formal_a cause_n we_o may_v have_v clear_a knowledge_n of_o spiritual_a nature_n by_o reflection_n the_o reason_n why_o and_o the_o manner_n how_n how_n reflex_n 9_o §._o 7._o 7._o see_v method_n to_o science_n b._n 4._o c._n 6._o §._o 18._o the_o mind_n alone_o do_v not_o collect_v notion_n or_o compare_v they_o verbal_a relation_n come_v not_o from_o defect_n in_o our_o language_n but_o for_o want_v of_o a_o real_a ground_n what_o causality_n be_v and_o what_o ground_n the_o relation_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n the_o know_v the_o principle_n of_o individuation_n must_v anteceede_v the_o knowledge_n of_o identity_n and_o diversity_n what_o give_v the_o ground_n to_o specify_v all_o notion_n what_o give_v the_o ground_n to_o our_o notion_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la how_o individual_a man_n be_v constitute_v constitute_v method_n to_o science_n b._n 2._o l._n 1._o §._o 10._o existence_n can_v possible_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o individuation_n the_o outward_a circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n can_v conduce_v to_o constitute_v the_o individual_a essence_n a_o individual_a man_n be_v formal_o a_o individual_a thing_n of_o that_o kind_a and_o a_o individual_a person_n too_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o vulgar_a nor_o from_o extravagant_a supposition_n consciousness_n can_v constitute_v personal_a identity_n identity_n reflex_n 2._o §_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o that_o consciousness_n be_v inseparable_a from_o every_o individual_a man._n yet_o angel_n who_o be_v pure_a act_n be_v constitute_v in_o part_n by_o the_o act_n of_o know_v themselves_o no_o soul_n be_v indifferent_a to_o any_o matter_n the_o notion_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la be_v essential_a the_o substance_n be_v the_o same_o though_o some_o quantity_n of_o the_o matter_n do_v come_v and_o go_v that_o be_v only_o true_a virtue_n which_o be_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n how_o we_o come_v to_o have_v confuse_a idea_n or_o notion_n the_o whole_a thing_n as_o it_o need_v not_o so_o it_o can_v be_v know_v clear_o the_o metaphysical_a reason_n why_o this_o complexion_n of_o accident_n which_o constitute_v individuum_n shall_v be_v almost_o infinite_o various_a various_a job_n 36._o 26._o we_o can_v sufficient_o know_v thing_n without_o comprehend_v full_o this_o complexion_n no_o formal_a truth_n or_o falsehood_n in_o idea_n or_o notion_n whence_o proper_a and_o metaphorical_a notion_n and_o word_n have_v their_o origin_n the_o general_n rule_v to_o know_v the_o right_a sense_n of_o word_n word_n of_o art_n most_o liable_a to_o be_v mistake_v the_o way_n how_o to_o avoid_v be_v mistake_v in_o word_n of_o art_n even_o in_o term_n of_o art_n the_o thing_n be_v chief_o signify_v metaphysical_a word_n not_o unintelligible_a but_o most_o clear_n this_o three_o book_n concern_v word_n seem_v unnecessary_a whence_o j._n s._n be_v not_o much_o concern_v to_o