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A16629 A vvatch-man for the pest Teaching the true rules of preservation from the pestilent contagion, at this time fearefully over-flowing this famous cittie of London. Collected out of the best authors, mixed with auncient experience, and moulded into a new and most plaine method; by Steven Bradvvell of London, Physition. 1625. Bradwell, Stephen. 1625 (1625) STC 3537; ESTC S115636 43,552 66

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Animall faculties Overmuch Watching also and want of Sleepe dries vp the good humors and sets them in a heat and which is most dangerous weakens the Naturall Forces Therefore obserue due Times for Sleepe Goe to bed betimes and rise betimes for that is holsomest Sleepe not vpon meate or after dinner especially if you haue fed any thing liberally and by no meanes giue way to sleepe at such times lying along but if you must needs take such repose sit in a Chaire vpright and doe but take him napping let not such a sleepe be aboue halfe an houre long for a little yeelding satisfieth and by further indulgence the head will grow the more dull and drowsie I counsell therefore rather to yeeld a little in this aforesayd manner then by striving too much against it to make the head ake But let some friend or servant within the time limited awake you gently not sodainly to make you fright or start for that would disturbe those spirits and humors which your nap had setled The night is the naturall time for Sleepe But let it be two houres at the soonest after Supper if you must sup that the stomach may haue made some good progresse in Concoction before Sleepe make holiday with the Functions of Nature And then Sleepe not aboue fiue or six houres at the most Let the Chamber wherein you lie be conveniently warme the dores and windows close shut to keepe out the evill aire of the night and before-hand perfumed to expell the Pestilent Sleepe not without dores neither sit nor lie vpon the ground or grasse in the fields or garden plots for the nearer the earth the more deadly is the Aire and the immediate stroke of the cold ground is very dangerous The sixt and last Poynt is the Passions of the Minde All kindes of Passions if they be vehement doe offer violence to the Spirits Yea though they be of the better and more naturall sort As Ioy and Laughter if they be vnbridled and too profuse doe exceedingly enervate and resolue both the Spirits and Body in so much as the breast and sides are pained the breath is streightened and many times the Soule it selfe is ready to depart So also Care Suspition Enuie Iealousie and such like vnquietnesses doe ouer-heat the Spirits and drie vp and consume the good humors But there be foure Passions more violent then the rest viz. Immoderate Ioy Sorrow Anger and Feare Immoderate Ioy by suddaine and violent dilatation of the heart le ts the Spirits fly forth so abundantly that naturall heat is left naked and so is sodainly extinguished If it breake forth into laughter the danger is as I haue alreadie said It is recorded of Chrysippus that onely vpon seeing an Asse eate figs he fell into such an vnmeasurable laughter that he fell downe and died And Zeuxis that excellent Paynter who made a most curious beautifull picture of the Spartan Helen vpon the sight of a very ill favor'd old woman burst out into such an vnmeasurable laughter that he laughed himselfe to death But somtimes this Immoderate Ioy killeth before it venteth it selfe in laughter For so Sophocles the Tragedian receiving a wonderfull applause of the people for the last Tragedy he writ was so over-ioyed at it that he fell downe and died presently And it is recorded of one Rhodius Diagoras who when he saw his three sonnes all at one time crowned with victory at the Olympian games ranne to meet them and while he embraced them in his armes and they set their garlands on his head he was so overcome with Ioy that he fell downe dead in the midst of them and so turned their Triumphs into a Funerall Sorrow on the other side afflicts the heart disturbs the faculties melts the brayne vitiates the humors and so weakens all the principall parts consumes the nourishments of the Spirits and naturall heate and somtimes brings sodaine death As Adrastus King of the Argiues being told of the death of his Sonne was taken with so sodain a Sorrow that he fell downe and died presently And so Iulia the daughter of Iulius Caesar and wife of Pompey when she heard the newes of her Husbands death fell downe also suddainly and died Anger is so furious a Passion that it worketh wonderfully vpon the spirits and faculties disturbing them exceedingly as appeareth by the shaking and tossing of the body too and fro the fiery sparkling of the eyes the colour comming and going now red now pale so that the humors appeare to be inflamed especially choller and the spirits hurried this way and that way somtime haled outward and presently driven inward againe By which violent motions an vnnaturall heat in the spirits and corruption in the humors are ingendred Hereupon many times follow Burning and cholericke Feavors Pulseys Iaundis Pleurisies and all kinds of Inflamations violent bleeding at the nose which can hardly be stanched and somtime death it selfe Nerva the Emperour being highly displeased with one Regulus fell into such a fury against him that he was stricken therewith into a Feavor whereof he died shortly after Wencestaus King of Bohemia in a furious anger conceived against his Cup bearer would needs kill him presently with his owne hand but in the endevour he was stricken with a Palsey whereof he died in few dayes after Valentinianus the Emperour in a great rage would needs destroy the whole Countrey of Sarmatia but he breathed forth his menaces with such vnbridled fury that he burst out into bleeding and died In the yeare of our Lord 1623. A poore olde Man in the North part of Devonshire dwelling in a part of a little Village called Little Poderidge came to the house of Sr Thomas Monck where I at that time was and standing at the Buttery dore to receiue some Beere which together with other victualls was every day given very liberally to all the poore thereabouts because the Butler did not presently fill his tanckerd the olde Man fell into such a furious rage against her that with the very Passion he presently fell downe was taken vp dead was with much adoe by me recovered to life and sense but never spake more and died within two dayes after Feare also gathers the Spirits to the heart and dissolues the Brayne making the humors thereof to shed and slide downe into the externall parts causing a chilnesse and shaking over all the body It abuseth the Phantasie and Senses brings a Lethargie vpon the organs of motion and depriues the heart of all spirit and vigour somtimes also it makes a Mans Will for him and vnkindly bequeaths his estate to Death As Cassander the Sonne of Antipater vpon sight of Alexanders statue fell into such a terror and trembling that he could hardly shift himselfe out of the place and had much adoe to recover his spirits againe I could relate a story of one who receiving but a slight wound in the arme in
a place of no danger and with very little losse of blood died presently with the very feare of being killed But I should be too tedious if I should reckon vp more examples Now if these Passions could be so deadly in pure Aires and holsome seasons how much more thinke we are they pernicious in pestilentiall times But in respect of Contagion there is no Passion so dangerous as Feare For by it the Spirits are enforced to retire inward to the heart to guard that Prince of life from the danger feared By this retiring they leaue the outward parts infirme as appeareth plainely by the palenesse trembling of one in great feare So that the walls being forsaken which are continually besieged by the contagious Aire in come the enemies without resistance the Spirits which are the Souldiers that should repell them having cowardly sounded a Retrait And hereby there is not onely way made for the evill Aire to enter but also the Spirits wherein is all our heat being all drawne inward doe draw in such vapours after them as are about the body even as the Sunne draweth towards it the vapours of the earth And here-hence it is that Feare brings Infection faster and sooner then any other occasion Now for Remedie against these Passions we must know that they are diseases of the Soule and the cure of them belongeth chiefly to Divines They are the Phisitians to deale inwardly with these diseases To purge out the Loue of this World and the distrust of Gods Providence and Mercies as also to minister the Cordialls of Faith Hope Patience Contentednesse c. and to ordaine the strict diet of holy Exercises a good Conversation and Walking with God Wee that are Phisitians to the Body are but Chirurgians to the Soule wee can but talke of Topicall remedies as to apply Mirth Musicke good Company and lawfull Recreations such as may take away all time and occasions for carefull thoughts and passionate affections Thus haue I brought you through that part of the Definition wherein are the Causes of the Plague discovered Now we are to lay open the Qualities of it described before in the Definition thus Which at the very first Striketh to the Heart is Venomous Deadly and Infectious At the very first it striketh to the Heart Therefore it is called Morbus Cordis A disease of the Heart And that this is first stricken is apparent by this that at the first infection the vitall facultie sinkes and languishes the whole strength of the Body is suddainly turned to weaknesse the vitall Spirits are greatly oppressed and discouraged Whereas the Animall facultie commonly remaineth for a while in good plight and perfect in the vse of sense vnderstanding iudgement memorie and motion The Naturall facultie also is not so presently hurt but there is concoction and all other actions performed by the liver stomach reyns guts bladder and other parts as Nature requireth Though indeed in a little time these and the brayne also are overcome as appeareth by the Symptoms that follow as Lethargies Frenzies Vomitings Fluxes c. That it is Venomous is graunted of all both Physitians and Philosophers And it is apparent by his secret and insensible insinuation of himselfe into the vitall Spirits to which as soone as he is gotten he shews himselfe a mortall enemie with suddain violence choking and extinguishing them Therefore his subtle entrance his sly crueltie his swift destroying the vnfaithfulnesse of his Crisis and other Prognosticke Signes and the vehemencie grievousnesse and ill behaviour of his Symptoms are manifest proofes of his venomous Qualitie For in this disease the Seidge Vrine and Sweat haue an abhominable savour the Breath is vile and noysome evill coloured Spots Pustles Blisters Swellings and Vlcers full of filthy matter arise in the outward parts of the body such as no superfluitie or sharpnesse of humors nor no putrefaction of matter without a venomous qualitie ioyned with it can possibly produce It is Deadly This needs no proofe the weekly Bills argue it and our owne eyes witnesse it while we see continuall Burialls and some die in the very streets and while we finde also that few of those that are stricken doe recover againe But that It is Infectious is among many of the common ignorant sort more disputable then among the learned Yet is it apparent enough by much experience For Garments and Houshold-stuffe haue beene infected and haue infected many as I haue shewed alreadie in the examples of a Gowne and a Feather-bed Now though this Infection be not apparent to sense as indeed the deadliest Poysons haue neither taste nor smell yet their lurking qualitie may be plainely demonstrated by such as are sensible For we know that garments will a long time retaine any strong or sweete sent wherewith they haue beene fumed or with which they haue beene layd vp now the Sent is meerely a qualitie and his substance is the Aire which is the vehiculum or seat of the Sent wherein it is carried by which it is made permanent Other experiences we haue also as liue Pageons being laid to the soares are taken away dead having not beene wounded crushed nor hurt by any hand at all And lastly many that are infected can directly tell where and of whom they tooke it But say some againe then why is not one infected as well as another I haue eaten and drunke and lyen with them that haue had it and the soares running on them And yet I was not infected I say they haue the more cause to magnifie the Mercy of God to their particular and not to obscure it by saying it is not infectious This argument is not vnlike that of the Mountebanks who tell you that such and such haue beene cured by his Medicines but conceales how many haue died by the misapplication If one should aske this man I pray you how many haue so conversed with the infected and haue so escaped I am sure they cannot name one of twentie Yea but sayth Another I hold the Plague to be nothing els but the very Influence of the Striking Angell sent of God to destroy here one and there another as Hee hath particularly fore-poynted them out Such kindes of Plagues indeed we reade of in sacred Scripture as Exod. 12. Numb 11. v. 33. Numb 16. Numb 25. and 2 Sam. 24. But there is great difference betwixt those Plagues and these of ours For in those Great multitudes suddainly and all at once as one would say in a very short space of time were both smitten and slaine The longest time of Striking being but three dayes namely that for Davids numbering the people In those plagues therefore the cause was onely supernaturall for there was no time allowed for corruption and putrefaction of the Aire But in these of ours and in very many moe in all Countreys and Kingdomes and in all Ages of the World there hath beene sufficient time