from which the Similitude is taken The second is the Root The Intention or purpose of the Parable The drift or scope of it beyond which the similitude may not be extended The third is the Fruit or profit which is to be gathered from it and that ariseth from both the former for the very Letter of the Parable will afford some good matter for heavenly meditation But in the Letter we may not rest the Rind is modesty to be put aside the Vaile is to be drawn and the spiritual Sense is especially to be perused Take we notice then of the Mystical meaning of what is here propounded to us in this Parabolical way under this Similitude A certain man had a Figg-tree Text. The Mystical sense c. By this Man understand we the God of Heaven who is so termed not that he is so or hath any humane shape but for the Capacity and comfort of men on earth he is pleased to resemble himself to man and ascribe unto himself sundry positions notions and transitions of men and so to speak in mans Language that he may be the better understood by man Lex loquitur liuguam filiocum hominum Here he resembles himself unto a Husbandman to set forth his care over his Church which is here resembled unto a Vineyard This Vineyard is the Church Catholique here on earth and so it is often termed in Scripture Psal 80.7 9. Isa 5.7 Math. 21.33 45. Psal 24.1 2 95 4 5. Deut. 9.26 29. Psal 33.12 68 9 78 62 71 79 1. 106 5. as Psal 80.8 9. Isa 5.7 Math. 21.33.45 And however the whole earth be the Lords and the fulnesse thereof as we read Psal 24.1 2 95 4 5. Yet this Vineyard the Church he termeth his Inreritance as if he counted himself to be owner onely of that Deut. 9.26 29. Psal 33.12 68 9 78 62 71 79 1 106 5. This Figg-tree planted and fited in his Vineyard is principally intended of the Jewish Nation but more generally to be extended to every Particular Church and Congregation yea to every Individium or Particular Person that professe themselves members of the Church Catholique and live within the pale of it saith Austin The Dresser of this Vineyard mentioned is to be understood of Christ principally and primarily and of the whole Company of Prophets Apostles and Ministers of the Gospel secundarily who are all the Under-Dressers of it and though many yet by an Enallage numeri are summ'd up in one Dresser not Dressers The fruit expected is faith and good works as is shewed Isa 5.2 Math. 21.34 This fruit God finds not but the contrary Isa 5.2 Math. 21.34 Isa 5.7 The three years spoken of in reference to the Jews may not amisse I conceive be understood of the time of Christs publique Ministery amongst them which had now bin three years and upwards And his comming for fruit of his several goings up to Jerusalem at three solemn Passovers year by year John 2.13 John 5.1 John 6.4 for three years together But in reference to us that live under the Gospel I understand that large proportion of time which God allowes to us for our Repentance and producing of the fruits of Faith and Obedience Three being put for many a definite for an indefinite a certain for an uncertain number as elsewhere we find 2 Cor. 12.8 2 Cor. 12.8 The Cutting down of this Figg-tree as it respected the Jewish Synagogue and state sets forth the utter subversion and extirpation of it with the destruction of the City and Temple by the Romans But as it concerns us so it notes the Lord's rejecting and casting off a people for their barrennesse according to that we read Heb. 6.8 Heb. 6.8 The year craved for sparing of it in respect of the Jews is thought by some to be that very year when as Christ propounded this Parable unto them which was the fourth current of his publique Preaching but better they who understand it of the time of the Apostles preaching amongst them after Christ's death and before the destruction of Jerusalem One year put for forty saith Cajetan And in Relation unto us we understand it of the time of Gods patient forbearing of us obtained by the Prayers of Gods faithful Servants notwithstanding our manifold provocations The Digging dunging about the Jewish Figg-tree sets forth unto us the paines and labours that Christs Apostles and faithful Servants bestowed on that people to bring them to Repentance immediately after the Death of Christ and so likewise it denotes the paines and labours that the Ministers of the Gospel now take about the Christian Figg-tree for the fructification of it All this with other particulars we shall God willing declare more fully in the Prosecution and Explication of each part in order And first of the Preface He spake also this Parable Text. Which words are the words of the Evangelist and not the immediate words of Christ Obs and yet no lesse to be esteemed the word of God then that which Christ spake with his own mouth Of all holy Writ it is Generally said 2 Pet. 1.21 Luke 1.70 Heb. 1.1 Exod. 4.12 Jer. 1.9 Acts 1.16 Holy men spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost 2 Pet. 1.21 In the old time God spake by his Prophets Luke 1.70 Heb. 1.1 I will be with thy mouth said God to Moses Exod. 4.12 I have put words into thy mouth said God to Jeremiah Jer. 1.9 The Holy Ghost spake by the mouth of David said Peter Act. 1.16 And this is true also of those who wrote the New Testament for all Scripture is given by inspiration from God 2 Tim. 3.16 saith Paul 2 Tim. 3.16 Gods spirit did suggest and dictate both for matter and manner whatsoever they wrote or delivered for Doctrine It is not you that speake but the spirt of my Father which speaketh in you saith Christ Math. 10.28 Math. 10.28 I do not say that all things which these holy men wrote were written by divine inspiration for some things which they wrote were written humanely as their humane affaires common to them with other men Robins Essay of the Holy Scripture Obs 8. required nor was all which they spake suggested by the spirit immediately neither was all wherein they were divinely inspired both in preaching and writing brought into the publique treasury of the Church and made a part of Canonical Scripture but onely so much as the Lord in wisdome saw requisite to leave to his Church as the Rule of Faith and Obedience so as that the Scripture should neither be defective through brevity nor yet burthensome by too great largenesse and prolixity But this I say that whatsoever we find written in the Holy Scripture albeit upon some special occasion penned by the Pen-men thereof as this Preface was is no lesse to be esteemed than the word of the eternal God than that which
Vineyard Text. and he came and sought fruit thereon but found none These words contain the Propounding part wherein we have considerable 1. The Subject spoken of 2 The Praedicate or what is said of that Subject The Subject matter A certain man had a Figg-Tree planted in his Vineyard Where we are to take notice First Of the Owner or Proprietor A certain man Secondly Of his Possession or the thing owned he had a Figg-Tree planted in his Vineyard The Praedicate makes known First His Visitation of that his Possession He came unto it Secondly His Acquisition He sought fruit thereon but found none A certain man Who this man was literally is not necessary to enquire Should there be no such thing in being or possibility of being as that to which a Parable hath relation De vacuo Similitudo non competit de nullo Parabola non convenit it is no Parable saith Tertullian This is a Parable and such a thing there either was or might be and that may suffice It is not materiall who it was Quidam a certain man he was be he who he would be that is not to the point nor purpose But Mystically God is this man spoken of in the Text. I hope there are none present that have so grosse and carnall a conceit of God as to imagine that God is corporeall and hath a humane body and shape as man hath which was the absurd opinion of the Sadduces grounded upon a Text of Moses for other Scripture they admitted none besides his five Books which Text was that in Exod. 33.20 22 23. where we read that God willed Moses to stay in a cleft of a rock Exod. 33.20 22. and there putting his hand upon him did shew him his back parts but would not suffer him to see his face Now inasmuch as Moses there attributed to God a right hand and other parts they concluded that God is corporeall and hath a body as man hath and of the same opinion was Tertullian as Austin witnesseth and some Heretiques besides De Orig. animar Vol 2. Tit. 23. who by Epiphanius are called Audiani and by Austin Vadiani But an opinion it is so absurd and grosse that the maintainers of it are rather to be severely punished then answered It is very true Doct. that God is resembled to man in Scripture He likeneth himself to man and speaks after the manner of men unto us And many parts of man's body are ascribed unto him as face mouth ears eyes arms feet c. And so humane affections and passions as joy grief sorrow anger And sometimes the inordinate and irregular passions and perturbations of man as drowsiness frowardnesse scorn and derision c. But it is a true Axion in School-divinity Quecunque de Deo corporaliter dicuntur dicta sunt Symbolicè Lex loquitur liaguam filiorum hominum Whatever is spoken of God bodily and humanely must not be understood literally but figuratively as setting forth some of his excellencies and attributes He speaking to men with the tongues of the sons of men say the Hebrew Doctors that men may thereby have their conceits raised up to some knowledge of him and that we bâ—ing well acquainted with the Use Office and Effects of things natural in our selves might the better be helped in the conception of that God to whom they are ascribed by Translation Use 1 Who is like unto the Lord our God saith David that hath his dwelling on high who yet abaseth himself to behold things in heaven and earth But this we speak of is a lower abasement than that he doth not onely look down from heaven but descend down from heaven take on him man's nature and become like unto us The Gods are come down unto us in the likenesse of men said the Lycaonians of Paul and Barnabas most blasphemously but we may say truly and religiously Act. 14.11 God is become like unto us in appearing to us men like Man Lord what is man that thou shouldst so regard him saith David Psal 8.1 And Job to the same purpose Psal 8.1 Job 7.17 Chap. 7.17 What is man that thou shouldst so magnifie him as to liken thy self unto him and apply thy self and words to his infirme and grosse Capacity Etiam in baculo equitare Like the loving Father who to teach his Childe will Shew himself as a Childe so Thou to teach us becomest like us Sometimes indeed God takes up terrible resemblances and exhibites himself sometimes like a Lyon Hos 5.14 Lament 3.10 Deut. 4.24 Heb. 12.29 sometimes like a Bear and sometimes like a consuming fire but this is when he hath to deal with the wicked and impenitent and when he is enforced unto it No resemblance better pleaseth him nor by any doth he more frequently and more familiarly expresse himself unto us then by this in our Text which shewes the great love that he bears unto man with whom his delight and businesse is yea so dearly is he beloved of God that we may safely say for Scripture warrants it that for his sake God loves the very ground he goes upon I took my solace saith wisdome in the compasse of the earth and my delight is with the children of men Prov. 8.31 Prov. 8.31 Use 2 Hath God thus honoured man why then let me use the Prophets words unto you Remember this and shew your selves men Isa 46.8 bring it again to mind O! ye transgressours Isa 46.8 The true Essence of humanity lies not in the outside Nebuchadnezar during the seven years of his transformation had not his outward shape changed his heart was Let his heart be changed from mans Dam. 4.16 and let a beasts heart be given him was the word of his Vision when the heart is Beastial or Diabolical in a Case of humane flesh saith our Reverend B B. Hall It is not the shape that can forbid man to be Beast or Devil This Beastly heart many have under Man's shape it were a very easie thing to find in every vicious man more Beast then hide or horn doth discover David for uttâ—ring some rash and erroneous speeches in a strong temptation saith that he was foolish and ignorant Psal 73.22 2 Pet. 2.10 12. Jude 10. and a very Beast before God in so doing What then think you are they whose lives are meerly sensual and voluptuous who walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleannesse and what they know naturally in these things they corrupt themselves as bruit beasts Are they men whose greatest delight is in drowning their reason and extinguishing the light of understanding in them which makes them men Are they men wâ—o make themselves beasts and expresse the condition of the worst beasts by returning with the Dog to the vomit and with the Sow to their wallowing in the mire It is thought that there is no beast on Earth which hath not its fellow in the Sea we may truly say there is no
the Church of God is the onely soyl for plants to thrive in And being so Have we not great cause to blesse God Vse for that the lot of our Inheritance is fallen in so good a soyle and to sing with David The Lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places Psal 16.6 yea I have a goodly heritage This was that One thing which he did with so much earnestneâ—s desire of God Psal 27.4 that he might dwell in God's house for ever Psal 24.4 The happinesse of such as have that priviledge he doth highly magnifie and set forth Psal 24.4 Psal 84.4 10. Psal 84.4 preferring a door-keeper's place in Gods house to all worldly pomp and dignity out of the bounds of the Church vers 10. It was not for nothing Gen. 9.27 that when Noah blest his Son Japhet for his filial affection and goodness in covering his nakedness he prayed onely that God would perswade Japhet to dwell in the Tents of Sem for in desiring that he desired the salvation of him and his posterity Out of the Church there is no salvation ordinarily to be had but salvation is in it The Tree of Life grew no where but in the midst of Paradise Nor is Christ to be found nor life eternal to be had other where than in the true Catholique Church of Christ His promises are only made unto his Church His Covenants only drawn up betwixt Him and the Church to be out of the Church is to be without the Promise Eph. 2.12 without the Covenant without Christ without God in the World and without these without happinesse without Salvation But the Papists say that they are the Catholique Church and that all others being out of their Church and communion Object must needs perish eternally Schismatiques and Seperatists they say that the true Church is amongst them and them only and that all other are but limbs of Antichrist false Churches and not the true one Indeed the Church of Christ whereof we confidently averr that we are members is crucified as Christ the head thereof betwixt two Theeves Resp Papists on the one hand and Schismatiques on the other and it stands us much upon and is of great concernment that we be able to justifie our standing and that we are indeed the true Church of God and that this is the true grace of God wherein we stand 1 Pet. 5.12 The safest and onely infallible way to find out the true Church is by the Scriptures as Austin shews The question is saith he Aug. de unit Eccl. c. 2. speaking of the Donatists who held their heretical and particular faction to be the true Catholique Church as the Papists at this day do theirs Where the Church should be What then shall we do shall we seek it in our own words or in the words of our Lord Jesus In my Judgment we ought rather to seek the Church in his own words for thaâ— He is the truth and knowes his own body Now we read John 4.22 in that conference that was betwixt Christ and the Woman of Samaria John 4.22 that our blessed Saviour thus determines that Question which was betwixt the Jews and the Samaritans viz. Which was the true Church of the two and who had the true worship Ye worship ye know not what saith Christ we know what we worship for salvation is of the Jews The reason that He brings to prove the Jewish worship true was this They had the word of God amongst them the doctrine of salvation giving them direction how to worship God savingly and that by salvation there is meant the word of God and the Ministery thereof appears in that it was the chief Prerogative which the Jew had above others as appears Psal 147.19 Psal 147.19 20. Rom. 3 2. 20. Rom. 3.2 and so is mentioned there by our Saviour besides it was that whereby the Jews knew how to worship God aright else there had bin no consequence in this Reason We worship that we know for salvation is of the Jews And Lastly The salvation spoken of is that which was to be derived from them to Gods people of all Nations the very same in effect with that of the Prophet Isaiah Chap. 2.3 Isa 2.3 The Law shall go from Zion and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem before Christ's coming in the flesh the Jews were the onely Church and all that professed the true Religion of God Est 8.7 Rom. 9.4 Math. 15.24 Luke 24.47 Acts 11.19 Rom. 1.16 Acts 2.41.44 Rom. 15.26 11 24. received it from them and joyned themselves unto them for to them pertained the giving of the Law Rom. 9.4 After Christ's coming in the flesh the Gospel was first Preached unto them Math. 15.24 Luke 24.47 Acts 11.19 And though many rejected the word yet many amongst them were the first that embraced it Rom. 1.16 Acts 2.41.44 And all Churches of the Gentiles gave special honour and respect unto the Church of the Jews as to their Mother Church Rom. 15.26 and were grafted into that stock Rom. 11.24 So then we cannot doubt but by Salvation in that place the Doctrine and means of salvation must be meant as it is in other places of Scripture Heb. 2.5 And from hence it is evident Heb. 2.5 that the Profession and Preaching of true Doctrine in all fundamental points is the onely proper and certain note of a true Church They of the Roman Church give us many Notes whereby the true Church may be known which they bring as Arguments to prove themselves to be the true Church and no other as Universality Antiquity Succession c. to the number of fifteen are given by Bellarmine De notis Ecclesiae supposing to do that with number which he could not do by weight but Christ doth not determine the question in the place before quoted nor else where by any of those marks but by this Note the Doctrine of salvation which was amongst the people It was a Church wherein salvation might be had and therefore the true Church of Christ This was the chief Badge and Cognizance of the Old Church whereby it was known to be the Church of God Rom. 3.2 Rom. 3.2 And this is the Cognizance of the true Church under the Gospel as appears AAs 2.42.47 Acts 2.42 47. where the Holy Ghost gives an exact pattern of a true Visible Church for all succeeding Ages to be examined by and conformed unto that if our state and standing in the Church were questioned true Believers might be able to justifie themselves and convince all false Churches whatsoever And that from the prime of the Primitive Church the first visible Church after our Saviour's Ascension and so a fit pattern for other Churches to be censured by Where the word of God is soundly and truly Preached Sacraments administred the Duties of Prayer to God and Love to our Brethren Religiously and conscionably practised there is a true Visible
Ingratitude Besides the share that we have had in those general mercies before mentioned which have not bin small Psal 68.13 Which of us all have not had many Particular nâ—eâ—cies multiplied on him by this our bountiful and gracious God Who called thee from amongst the Pots thy sooty and soylie condition to serve â—im Who planted â—hee in that fruitful Hill that Country County Town Parish Famiâ—y where thou enjoyest so plentifuâ—â—y the meanes of grace which many want Who hath protected and defended thee from the Cradle to this hour and when Father and Mother forsook thee took the charge of thee who hath cast out those â—â—ones which were naturally in thy heart Psal 27. Ezek. 11.19 36 26. Isa 4 4. 1 Pet. 2.11 Joh. 15.2 Psal 68.19 and clean ed thee from those foul lusts mortifâ—ing and subduing them in some good measure which did fight against thy soul Who was it that hath pruned thee with so many fatherly Chastisements and Corrections that thou mightest yet become more fruitful in a holy liâ—e and conversation Who is it that loadeth thee daylie with his blessings undeserved undersired unexpected every morning yea every moment renewed Hath not this good and gratious God done all this for thee and for every soul of us that stands here before the Lord this day Add unto all this that blessing of blessings Gâ—ft of all Gifts Joh. 4.10 his own Son who came down from Heaven was born in poverty lived in penury dyed with intolerable pain and sorrow and all to recover thee and me from our willful fall and to restore us to our former happinesse Now what retuâ—n have we made to God for all his mercies Hath he not great cause to say of us as David of his enemies they have shewed me hatred for my good will Psal 109.5 to the great grief of my Soul He expects Humiliâ—y and behold Pride He looks for Love and behoâ—d Envy for Liberaliâ—y and finds Covetouâ—nesse for Mâ—rcy and meets with cruelty c. Do you so requite the Lord O foolish People and unkind Math. 13.27 Heb. 6.8 We find a great complaint in Scripture of such Soyl as bâ—ings forth Thorns and Weeds and â—ares yet all these are good in their kind and useful to the wise but the worst fruit that the groaning Earth bears is man himself our sinful and unprofitable selves from whom God hath so long expected fruit but after all his cost and pains when he looks for fruit he finds none or worse bad fruit instead of good As this our Ingratitude should humble us for time past Use so we should be stirred up for time to come to make a better return to God than hitherto we have made that he may not be altogether deceived in his hopes When Showrs fall on a Dunghil they cause stink when in the Strees dirt if in desolate places they bring up weeds but if they fall in a Garden they produce herbs and flowres If in a tilled Field corn If in an Orchard fruit If the soyl of our hearts be foul with uncleannesse rank with covetousnesse sowr with lusts c. the rain which now falls upon us will cause an appearance of weeds in us but if you bring hearts thither like a well tilled Field or cultured Vineyard then you will recompense those Instructions which shall be given you with Increase of good fruit The ill requital that we have made to God for all the good we have received from him hath bin in part discovered Now give me leave to discover unto you the vilenesse of this vice Ingratitude that we may shun it and hate it And the rather because we have bin foretold that it is one of those sins that renders these times perilous 1 Tim. 3.1 I am not able with the best skill I have to draw it to the Life and Anatomize it as I ought Could we but see it in its own colours we could not but detest it I must desire you to rest satisfied with that rude draught of it which I shall present unto you And so first take notice that it is a Compounded sin it hath many poysonful Ingredients in it which makes it extreamly evil and amongst others these First Ignorance and such an Ignorance as whereunto mercy is deâ—yed Isa 27.11 He that made them will shew them no favour Isa 27.11 being a people of no understanding it being willful and affected Thus God complains of Israel Isa 1.3 Israel doth not know Isa 1.3 Hos 2.8 and Hos 2.8 She did not know The meaning is they would not know they did shut their eyes and would not acknowledge God to be the bestower of that good which they had in that respect the Oxe and the Asse is preferred to â—srael It is worâ—e then brutishnesse what Creature can you resemble an ungrateful Person unto unlesse it be to the Hog who eats up the Acorns which faâ—l from the Tree and locks not up unto it And yet though they look not up to the Tree whereon the Mast did grow they know their trough and take notice of them that use to feed them at it Secondly Idolatry Ingratitude doth not onely passe by without notice-taking of good bestowed but ascribes all to others Thus Israel ascribed all their plenty their Bread their Wine their Wool their Water c. to their Lovers or Sweet-hearts that is to their Idols and false Gods Hos 2.5 Thirdly Pride is another sinful ingredient that goes to the composition of it Hos 13.6 Their hearts were exalted saith God of ungrateful Ephraim therefore have they forgotten me Hos 13.6 And this is rendered as the reason why Hezekiah returned not to God according to that he had received his heart was lifted up in him 2 Chron. 32.25 2 Chro. 32.25 Psal 73.6 10. There is no one thing in the world that causeth unthankfulnesse so much as Pride Psal 73.6 10. It is Pride that causeth a man to undervalue the Mercy and to overvalue himself as if he deserved better thence it is that God doth so often and strictly warn Israel to beware of it Deut. 8.14 17. Prov. 6.16 Jam. 4.6 1 Pet. 5.5 is a sin that God abhors Prov. 6.16 and resists Jam. 4.6 and no marvel for it resists him other sins fly from God and decline him but this opposeth him to his very face Fourthly Envy that is the Daughter of Pride and will wait upon her Mother where the one is the other will be Non potest quisquam et invidere et gratias agere Sene. we grudge no men the praise of their kindnesse but whom we envy and hate And by experience we have found that true which Tacitus saith of extraordinary favours which lighting upon ill minds cause hatred instead of love whence arose that Proverb so often in use Save a Malefactor from the Gallows Quo plus debent magis oderint Senec. Ep. 19. and he will be the first that will
of us have any more then one minute at once given to us which is gone whilst I have bin speaking of it and another hath succeeded it which is to be esteemed ours Time is but a succession of minuts one after another and being so short need there is to make good use of it and this is the Argument Sâ— Paul useth 1 Cor. 7.29 1 Cor. 7.29 to improve our Time Thirdly The Importance and weightinesse of the Work we have to do may be another strong motive to make good use of the time allotted to us for the doing of it for albeit it be but a moment Ex hoc momento pendel Aeternitas Aug. yet Eternity depends upon it yea a double Eternity eâ—ernal happinesse or eternal misery We use to cunt our Time more or lesse precious according as the bufinesse we have to do is of more or lesse concernment Now Is any thing of greater consequence then the obtaining of heaven and the Salvation of these poor souls of ours Time is the chiefest and principal part of that Stock which God hath put into our hands to trade for Heaven with Nothing but time is properly Ours and to lose that Omnia aliena sunt tempus tantum nostrum Neh. 5.3 is to lose all our Stock at once So the answer that Nehemiah gave to his Enemies who under pretence of a parley with him would have hindered the work he was about we should give to the World Flesh and Devil which seek to make us waste our time I am doing of a great Work it concerns my Salvation so that I cannot come Why should the Work cease whilst I leave it and come to you Neh. 4.3 The Work being of so great weight Nulla Dies sine lineâ Apelles Plin. l. 35. c. 12. no day should passe without drawing some lines Fourthly Consider how long we have loytered and cast our selves behind hand much of this little time allowed for so great a Work is already past and wasted unprofitably It is often said of the godly in Scripture that they dyed full of dayes and that not onely in regard of length of time Gen. 25.8 35 29. Job 42.27 2 Chron. 14.25 1 Chron. 23.1 Act. 13.36 30.24 so that they lived so long as themselves desired But for that they had fullfilled the will of God and improved their time well and done that for which they were sent into the World Acts 13.36 20 24. Now if it be so said of them in that respect then on the contrary it must be said of the wicked that their dayes which they live are empty dayes and voyd So Carthusianus expounding those words of Job Empty months or months of vanity I have reckoned to my self Job 7.3 telleth us that every Penitent sinner may very well say that he hath wasted consumed and spent his time and dayes without Fruit and Profit Should we call to mind how long we have lived Magna pars vitae nobis perit dum nihil agimus multo maxima pars vitae dum inutilia agimus Senec. and how little good we have done how much of our time hath bin spent in superfluous Sleeping Eating Drinking more then Nature requires in in prond dressing the Body Tatling Sporting and things unprositable which might as well have bin left undone as done or if we call to mind how much of our time hath bin spent in sinful actions which ought not to be done we must needs confesse the greatest part of our life is consumed in Vanity and that our days have bin empty and it should provoke us to a careful employing of what time remaines as did that Prince Mycernius who being told that he should live but six years longer take what course he would answered that he would then make those six years twelve and he knew how to do it which was by for beating his wonted sleep and recreations by setting up Lights every night which burned continually by reading and studying c. This is the way to live much in a short time Fifthly The time that remains of our life is very swift and uncertain By three Adverbs Time is ordinarily expressed in Scripture Nunc Tunc Olim Nunc is only good debt that we can reckon upon Tunc is uncertain Olim is desperate Now as Merchants use to divide their debts some are doubtful some desperate some certain so may we devide the time of Life Time past not well spent is but a Desperate Debt Time to come is doubtful therefore the Prophet speaks of it with an If Psal 90.10 If a man lives till he be fourscore that is suppose it be so Psal 90.10 The present time of life is the only certain time and that flyes away full swiftly We are carryed to our journey's end in the Chariot of Time and we measure Time usually by the motion of the Sun when it hath gone an entire round from the East unto the Wâ—st that makes a natural day When we look upon a Sun-Dyal that discovers the motion of it every hour of the day whilst it is in our Horizon it seemeth to us to pace very slowly or to stand still rather for whilst we look upon the Dyall we cannot perceive the Sun to move albeit it runs many thousands of miles every minute no arrow can fly so swiftly nor bullet with such speed as the Sun goes could a Bird say some fly round about the compasse of the Earth in a minute of an hour yet the Sun exceeds that Bird in swiftnesse Sure it is that however we cannot perceive by steady looking on a Dyal how swiftly the Sun passeth yet we may easily gather that the Sun standeth not still by the shadow that passeth from hour to hour and by its running over all the figures from the Rising of the Sun to the Setting of it we may conclude that it is of an incredible swiftnesse Thus doth thy life passe swiftly albeit the motion be insensible to thee thou discernest not whilst it is going but in a short time thou shalt find that thy life is so far spent that it is near unto a period ere thou be aware My dayes are swifter then a Post saith Job they fly away they see no good they are passed away as swift Ships Job 9.25 26. as the Eagle that hasteth to the prey Job 9.25 26. where the gradation is well observed by some It is likened to a Post that makes haste yet sometimes stayes by the way And then to a Pyrates Pinnace which with great swiftnesse makes after the Prey yet that undersayle may be becalmed And then to an Eagle which flyes through the Aire but leaves no mention of her passage the noyse of her wings may be heard but no token of her way can be found Such is the life of man Sixthly Rev. 10.6 Consider that time is irrecoverable When this time of Life is ended Time with thee shall be no more There is then
discern There is another more ordinary way whereby he restrains the Godly from this duty in the behalf of others and that is by suffering them to be asleep as Jonas was under Hatches when the Ship is in greatest danger or else by with-drawing the Spirit of Prayer and Supplication and denying assistance to pray for such Their hearts are marvellously taken off from them so as they scarce remember them in their devotions and when they do Isa 64.7 it is but very coldly and faintly they stirr not up themselvs to lay hold upon the Lord on their behalf And when it falls out thus it is a wofull sign that God makes way for Judgment To apply this briefly If fâ—equent and faithful Prayer be so prevalent with the God of Heaven Use let it be had in high esteem with us and of great account as the chiefest means ordained of God to stay his wrath and in time of trouble to obtain deliverance for us If Prayer prevail not nothing will For such is the wonderfull working efficacy of fervent Prayer that nothing is impossible to it And that we may think more highly of it than we have done call to mind some of those mighty things that have been effected by it and recorded in History both divine and humane Do we not read in Scripture how Moses divided the red Sea and caused it to run back Exod. 14.15 so that God's Israel walked upon firm ground in the midst of it This was done by the power of his Prayer Exod. 14.15 Do we not read of the Sun 's standing still in the midst of Heaven Josh 10.13 14. not hasting to go down a whole day together so that there was no day like that before or after it This was done upon Joshuah's Prayer 2 King 20.11 And have you not read at another time of the Sun 's going back in the Firmament ten Degrees according to the shadoâ— on Ahaz his Dyall This was also done upon the Prayer of Isaiah Have we not heard of the stopping of the mouths of greedy Lyons and closing of their gnashing chapps being almost famished for want of prey Dan. 6. 3. And of quenching the violence of raging fire so that it could not sindge a haire of the Head nor leave the smell of it on the Garments Why These things have been effected by the Prayers of Daniel and the three Children Have we not read of Fire that was brought from Heaven three times together 1 King 18.38 Jam. 5.17 and how the Heavens were shut up three years so that they gave no rain and then opened again so that the clouds powred down in abundance These things were brought to passe by the Prayers of Elijah Have we not read or heard of the Earth's opening her mouth and swallowing up of Korah Mumb. 16. Dathan and Abiram with all their Goods and Families and closing again upon them This was done upon the Complaint and Prayer of Moses unto God against them for their Rebellion It were infinite to recount all the noble Acts of Prayer recorded in the Scripture as of the raising of the dead 1 King 17.21 Act. 12.5 Mat. 17.21 Oratio fidelis omnipotens Luth. Est quaedaÌ„ Omnipotentia Precum Alsted Syst Theol. lib. 4. c. 2. See my Friend at Midnight p. 432. Psal 34.15 Exod. 3.7 9. 2 Sam. 24. Exod. 8,13 opening of Prison doors and loosing the Prisoners bands healing diseases that have seemed incurable to flesh and blood casting out of Divels It is a kind of Omnipotent thing it can command Heaven Earth and Hell as I have shewed you upon another Parable Nothing under God Omnipotent but it Luther was wont to call it the great Ordnance and indeed with that we make our battery at the walls of Heaven In a moment it pierceth the Clouds and procures a Victory sometimes before the Report be heard on Earth or We imagine that it is gone out of our lips It bowes God's Ear and causeth Him to hear Psal 34.15 It opens his Eyes and causeth Him to see Exod. 3.7 9. It plckâ—s out his Sword and causeth Him to smite and on the other side it causeth Him to put it up again and smite no more 2 Sam. 24. It over-rules God in any thing that may be for the Church's good The Lord did according to the word of Moses saith the Text Exod. 8.13 That Moses did according to the Word of the Lord is evident enough and no wonder at that but that God should do according to the Word of Moses and obey the voyce of man that is strange indeed yet So it is In humane History we have many very memorable Examples of the prevailing power of Prayer with God By Prayer the good Constantius was said to strengthen his Family but Constantine his Son did hereby fortify all his Empire Euseb de Vit. Const 2.4 4.15 When his Enemy Licinius began his Warr with Exorcisms and Charms he undertook all with Prayer and holy Meditations and therefore the Lord of Heaven made him to be Lord of the Field Such comfort did he find in Prayer that he stamped upon the Coyn the Image or Effigies of himself kneeling unto his God as ascribing all his Victories to Prayer especially rather than to the Sword When Marcus Aurelius Verus the Emperour was in Germany and in the Field against 970000 Enemies Eâ—seb Eccl. Hist l. 5. c. 5. Germans and Sarmatians and in great distresse for want of Water the Legion called Melitina afterward Julineae being Christians fell down on their knees in the open field Tertul. in Apolog. Xiphilinus de Marc. Anton. Cum ipsa affuit oratione Deus Just Mart. Apol. z. Ambros de obit Theod Ruffinus Socrat. Socr. Scol Euseb l. 7. c. 22. Aug. de Civit. Dei l. 5. c. 23. and relieved him for so soon as they had prayed God was with them and sent Thunderbolts on the heads of their Enemies and a cooling showr to refresh their own wants so that the Prayers of the Church were received as a garrison into the Empire Afterwards In the time of that good Emperour Theodosius in a fought field against Eugenius when he had almost lost the day he alighted from his Horse and stepping before his Army in the face of his Enemy he kneeled down and cryed to God Ubi est Deus Theodosii Where is Theodosius his God And God gave him the day he won the field And upon another occasion at another time upon earnest Prayer to Christ made by the whole City being assembled together A grievous Tempest was suddenly turned into calmness and their former dearth and scarcity into abundance of plenty When Rhadogesius King of the Goths with a puissant Army recovered Rome and by reason of the small preparations in the City no hope could be expected from man then they cryed to the Lord and he fought for them in that their extremity and so discomfited the Enemies that in one day an
good through his blessing becoming means to draw his Elect nearer to the chiefest good yea let God's Judgments go as high as they can in this World in Plaguing of the wicked Etsi novum videtur quod dicere volo saith Origen dicam tamen Though it be-strange that I will say I will say it Etiam bonitas Dei est qui dicitur furor ejus that which we call the anger of God the wrath of God the Fury of God is the goodnesse of God Luther goes yet higher Hell it self is full of God and the chief good no lesse then Heaven for the Justice of God which shines forth in the damnation of the wicked is God himself and God is the chiefest good And thus much of the Objections made against the Doctrine delivered Let me now shew you the Grounds of it Reas 1 First God is the first and supream cause of all and all second causes are subordinate unto him and but inferiour means to work his Will and in their subordinate operations they are but in the nature of Instruments to the first cause And however there is in Nature a concatenation and linking of Causes together whereby inferiour Causes are subordinate one to another yet so as that all hold their subordination unto God who is the first and principal Cause Hos 2.21 22. I will hear the Heavens saith God and the Heavens shall hear the Earth Hos 2.21 22. and the Earth shall hear the Corn and the Wine and the Oyle and they shall hear Jezreel Man standeth in need of food food is not provided without the help of the Earth the Earth is not fruitful without the Dew of Heaven the Heavens cannot send their rain without God's appoyntment So that he is the principal Cause and first Mover who sets all inferiour means on Work one Creature stands in need of another and depends upon one anothers help none of them can help or work without the next cause to which it is subordinate but all depends upon God he hears them all and by that vertue which they receive from him the first and chief Cause they have all their vertue and efficacy without which they could do nothing In regard whereof all the Effects and Actions of secundary causes are not so properly the effects of them as of that cause which is fiâ—st and principal As the Scribe is more properly sayd to write than the pen which he writeth with and the Workman to do the work rather then the tools which he useth as his Instruments in doing of the Work So the Lord Who is the chief Agent and first Mover in all Actions may more fitly and properly be sayd to effect and bring things to passe then any inferiour or subordinate Cause they being but his Instruments that he works by Who ever then may have a hand in afflicting and punishing of us they are but Instruments as the Rod or Axe in his hand to effect his good will and pleasure he it is that works by them Reas 2 Secondly To revenge is God's Prerogative Three things he reserves to himself The glory of Works and Actions the Judgment of Secrets and the Revenge of Injuries saith one And he saith no more then what the Scripture saith in so saying For it is written Vengeance is mine and I will repay saith the Lord Rom. 12.19 Where we see Rom. 12.19 1st God's Challenge Vengeance is mine 2ly His Execution of it I will Repay 3ly His Subscription of his great name thereunto saith the Lord. And that this is the Lords true Act and Deed and a Faithful Copy out of the Original St. Paul the Register of God's Holy Spirit gives witnesse with Scriptum est It is written And so we find it Deut. 32.35 Deut. 32.35 God sometimes may send us our payment by the hand of the Ministers of the Word Who have Vengeance in a readinesse against all disobedience 2 Cor. 10.6 which Vengeance is spiritual saith the Apostle 2 Cor. 10.6 and mighty through God to the pulling down of strong holds verse 6. And is to be understood especially of the threatnings and denunciations of God's Judgments against offenders but the Execution is left to God for that we know He will repay and in his own time fullfil And sometimes that Vengeance is Corporal reaching but the Body which is partly inflicted by his substitutes the Magistrate or other Messengers of his wrath Rom. 13.4 Rom. 13.4 And partly referred to the Lords own hand immediately to inflict Particularly in this Life and Generally at the last great Day of Vengeance 2 Thes 1.8 Whether Vengeance taken 2 Thes 1.8 be mediate or immediate upon Body or Soul or both We know him that hath sayd Vengeance is mine Heb. 10.13 and I will recompence saith the Lord Heb. 10.13 Reas 3 Lastly Every good thing is of God so teacheth St. James 1.17 Jam. 1.17 Now if every punishment be a good thing though not simply in it self and in its own nature but as it is a just work and having a good end as before hath bin shewed we must needs conclude that it hath God for the Authour whoever be the Instrument But this is a Poynt that needs not so much evident Demonstration as serious Consideration and right and seasonable Application which now we fall upon Use 1 From this that hath bin delivered of God's being the principal Author and Efficient of those evils which do befall us They of the Church of Rome would make the World believe that we of the Reformed Church make God to be the Author of sin and that the Adultery of David Treason of Judas c. by our Doctrine were the proper work of God which is a Devilish slander that they cast upon us This we say that in a sinful Action there are two things Actio and Actionis irrectitudo there is an Entity Being or Action and there is of that Entity Being or Action a crookednesse obliquity or naughtinesse which is Actionis Malitia as they call it unlawfulnesse transgression pravity that in every such action is contained Prim. Secun Quest 71. Art 6. Conclus Quest 79. Art 2. Conclus Act. 17.28 And so Aquinas himself doth teach us to distinguish and illustrates the same in a lame legg wherein are two qualities ability to go but inability to go upright the going and stirring that it hath is from the virtue that moveth it from God Almighty in whom we live move and have our beeing But the lamenesse and debility of the legg belongeth to another Cause Distortion Crookedness or some other Impotency in the legg it self So the action or motion it self in every evil action is from a good Author but the evil in the action from a bad Author even from the impure fountain of man's corrupt heart whose imaginations are evil and onely evil continually But our Church hath bin justified by her Children sufficiently in this poynt I passe it Use 2 There are