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A61145 The history of the city and state of Geneva, from its first foundation to this present time faithfully collected from several manuscripts of Jacobus Gothofredus, Monsieur Chorier, and others / by Isaac Spon ...; Histoire de la ville et de l'état de Genève. English Spon, Jacob, 1647-1685.; Godefroy, Jacques, 1587-1652.; Chorier, Nicolas, 1612-1692. 1687 (1687) Wing S5017; ESTC R12216 245,550 265

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not hear him He died at length being aged Eighty years and was interred in the Cloyster where is a kind of Epitaph or Testament which he left to his Children Composed by himself which is as well remarkable for its Latin as ingenuity of matter It was about this time that the Swede entred into Germany The Chevalier Rache was sent to the Switzers to engage them in this party He had likewise an order to visit Geneva to assure that City of the Kings good will. He was received with extraordinary respect and stayed there some time A while after there was a person executed whose death caused as great a noise as that of Servetus His name was Nicholas Antoine who had Apostatized from the Christian Religion Some people murmured and were displeased at the proceedings saying they were too severe to put people to death meerly for an opinion But the Council considered him not only as an Apostate and Blasphemer who treated the Blessed Trinity as a Cerberus or three-headed monster but likewise as a seditious Impostor and perjured Villain who Preached his false Doctrine contrary to the Oath which he had taken at his reception Here follows an account of his Tryal and Condemnation by which it may be judged whether the Genevoises were to blame in their proceedings against him A Criminal Process Made and formed before Us the most Honourable Lords Syndicks and Counsellors of this City at the instance and pursuit of the Lord Lieutenant in those Causes against Nicholas Son of John Anthony of Berry in Lorrain who being committed Prisoner hath freely confessed That from his Youth he had diligently set himself to the study of Philosophy and conceived damnable and execrable Opinions touching our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ ITEM That about seven or eight Years since he had applied himself to the study of the false doctrine of the Jews and for to be the better instructed in it he had addressed himself to them of the City of Metz who after several Conferences had sent him to other Jews and namely to them of Venice Item He hath confessed That had it not been for fear of being discovered he had undertaken to have perswaded his Kindred and Relations to return to Judaism Item That about five Years past he went to Sedan and there perverted a young Student of that place and inticed him along with him into Italy entertaining him in their way thither with the Articles of his abominable Creed Item That being arrived at Venice they went and visited the Jews the said Anthony desiring them to admit him into their Synagogue and to Circumcise him but they refused him fearing lest they should fall under the Magistrates severity Whereat he remained satisfied being told by them That he might live amongst the Christians and yet be a Jew in his heart and that he was told the same by the Jews of Padoua Item That embracing this detestable doctrine he came to this City under pretence of studying Divinity and offered to dispute in Philosophy and for some time had exercised the charge of chief Regent in a Colledge yet all this while counterfeiting himself a Christian although privately he lived and prayed after the Jewish manner not daring to make an open profession of his belief Item That being called by a Church near the City to be their Minister after his examination and consent to the Doctrine of the Orthodox Religion he took an Oath to live and teach according to the confession of the reformed Churches although in his heart he believed in the Jewish Faith and by a cursed equivocation his meaning was different from his Oath Item That instead of preaching Jesus Christ according to the Oath he had taken he had only insisted in his Pulpit on the explication of the Old Testament and falsly wrested and applied passages thereof pointing to our Saviour and appropriated them to other Persons and above all in his last Sermon from whence it followed by the just Judgment of God that he the said Anthony became deprived of his Senses and ran about the Field like a distracted person and came bare-legged into the City uttering horrid blasphemies against our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Item That after he had been under the hands of Physicians and carefully looked after in the Hospital of this City coming again to his Senses and being out of his mad fits he had persisted in his blaspemies against the Holy Trinity and the Person of our Blessed God and Saviour maintaining as well by word of mouth as writing That Jesus Christ was an Idol and that the New Testament was but a meer fable Item He hath confessed That in Administring the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper in the Exhortation to the People he said only Remember your Saviour And that in reciting the words of the Apostles Creed where our Saviour is mentioned he pronounced not those words but muttered them betwixt his Teeth Finally That notwithstanding the serious exhortations and remonstrances which have been made him since he hath been in custody as well by the Magistrates as venerable Pastors of this Church tending to perswade him to renounce these cursed and damnable Opinions yet hath he persisted in his horrible and impious blasphemies having compiled and signed a Treatise in which he endeavours to combat and overthrow the Holy Trinity still obstinately denying the Deity and Incarnation of our Blessed Saviour having several times renounced his Baptism as it plainly appeared at his Trial. Here follows his Sentence The Sentence of Condemnation against Nicolas Anthony which was read and executed on the 20th of April 1632. WEE the most Honourable Lords Syndicks and Council of this City having seen the Criminal Process made and formed before Us at the instant suit of the Lord Lieutenant in the said Cases against Nicolas Anthony by which and by his own confessions it appeareth That he forgetting the fear of God hath been guilty of the crime of Apostasie and High Treason against God his Creator and Saviour having fought against the Holy Trinity denied our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ blasphemed his Holy Name renounced his Baptism for to imbrace the Jewish Religion and hath been perjured in dogmatising and teaching his damnable doctrine a case and crime deserving the greatest punishment For these and other causes moving the said Lords sitting in the Tribunal of their Ancestors according to ancient custom having the fear of God and the Holy Scriptures before their Eyes and having invoked his Holy Name that they might thereby be able to make a right Judgment beginning in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost do by this final Sentence which they have committed now to writing condemn the said Anthony to be bound and led to the place of Plein-Palais to be there fastned to a stake on a pile of Wood and strangled according to the usual manner and afterwards to have his Body burnt and consumed to ashes and thus
having broken it open were not a little displeased at some passages in it especially where he tells Viret That they of Geneva would govern without God and that he had to do with Hypocrites Being sent for to answer for this before them he justified his complaint by the instances of several debauched Persons who were suffered to scoff at the Word of God and to slight their Instructions He left the City at the same time Farel departed from Neuf-chatel to go to Zurich to be present at a Synod composed of Divines from Switzerland and Grisons the Points debated there have been since Printed At his return he set forth his Commentaries on the Epistle of St. Paul to Titus which he dedicated to Farel and Viret in consideration of the strict friendship and unity betwixt them Galeacius Caracciola Marquiss of Vico in the Kingdom of Naples where he had left his Estate and Family withdrew to Geneva upon the account of Religion Before his arrival some Persons spread a report that he came as a Spy but his conversation gave sufficient proofs of the contrary Bolsec a Carmelite who had left the Order and under pretence of embracing the Protestant Religion had betook himself to the profession of Physick and Divinity contradicted the Minister in a full Congregation charging the Protestants with making God the Author of sin and by that means contributing to the condemnation of the wicked as if God had been a Jupiter or a Tyrant alledging farther That S. Augustin was forcibly drawn into be a Patron of this Doctrine although 't is certain he was not of that opinion of which he warned them to take heed it being a new and dangerous Doctrine and of which he charged Laurentius Valla to be the Author Calvin being present at the Meeting he heard Bolsec discourse with an admirable patience and after he had said as much as he could Calvin presented himself and answered most ingeniously to every Article for the space of an hour and besides an infinite of places which he cited out of the Holy Scripture he quoted so many passages out of S. Augustine as would make any Man believe he had studied no other Author so that every one admired it and shut up all with this saying Would to God that he who hath so much cited S. Augustin had seen more of him than his covering Farel who was then at Geneva made a distinct Oration to confirm what Calvin had said before him and to shew that they were to blame who charged them with error Bolsec was thereupon committed to Prison where Calvin endeavoured to convince him of his error as well by personal Conferences as by Letters A while after by the consent of the Churches of Switzerland he was banished the City 'T is reported That ten Years after he recanted in a full Synod at Orleans but yet writ a Book of Calvin's Life wherein he very much injures his Reputation which occasioned Calvin's setting forth a Treatise concerning Predestination and Providence which the Magistrates of Berne did neither approve nor condemn prudently forbidding their Ministers to preach to the People a Doctrine which they and all Men else so little understood Troillet who had been an Hermit openly censured likewise Calvin's Institutions The Council enjoyned him to be silent but yet this hindred not often disturbances about this matter The young people of the City accusing Calvin of Pride and too much Severity About this time came Michael Servetus a Spaniard who had escaped out of Prison from Vienna to Geneva where he began to dogmatize He had composed a Book Intituled Christianismi restitutio full of execrable Heresies He annulled the distinction of the three Persons in the Godhead affirming the Son and Holy Ghost to have been Created in the beginning of the World. That the Essence of God was common to all Creatures even those who were inanimate which brought forth in Man a free will yet did not this hinder but that the knowledge of good and evil was stifled in him till he was twenty years of age before which time a man could not commit any mortal sin That it was sufficient to believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God it not being absolutely necessary to lay hold on his promises All men both Jews and Heathens being justified by their good moral works That Baptism of Infants was but a meer foppery At first he was countenanced by some of the Magistrates who hated Calvin so that besides his natural maliciousness he was so rude in maintaining his Blasphemy as to give Calvin the lye above fifty times in one discourse and as often calling him wicked wretch and Simon Magus The Council could no longer endure his impudence and therefore committed him to Prison and Articles were drawn up against him which were sent to the four Protestant Cantons for their concurrence after which he was burnt alive not shewing the least sign of repentance but only a great fear of death Several were not displeased that so dangerous a person was rooted out who had sowed his wicked Doctrine for the space of thirty years amongst Christians Others thought he was punished too severely his Fact being only a matter of opinion which was at the bottom of it but only a mixture of Judaism and Anabaptism and that it were better to have expected his repentance which occasioned the setting forth of a Book De non puniendis haereticis gladio composed as it was thought by Castalion under the name of Martin Bellius which Book was answered by Theodore Beza The Magistrates of Geneva and Switzerland who had condemned Servetus considered him as an Apostate a Seducer and an Atheistical person Calvin likewise set forth a Book wherein he confuted his Heresies and exposed all the proceedings against him In the Year following Matthew Grybalde Sieur of Farges spread the same errors but he would not enter into a publick conference with Calvin but withdrew into the Countries of Berne where he made his Recantation yet living as before to the Year 1564. when he died of the Plague The City was fortified and the poor People of Merindol and Cabrieres who had fled for refuge to Geneva were employed about the work the reason of this precaution was That they had notice given them by the Bernoises that the French had some design upon them and that which occasioned this suspicion was The great multitude of French men who had withdrawn thither The Libertines of thè City bore them ill-will and were not willing to grant them the Burgership as they had done to others They designed one Night to massacre them all the Captain-General Amy Perrin a seditious and factious Person being the chief of their Party But the Council getting notice of it took care to hinder them There were some of them made severe examples Thirty of them fled and were sentenced though absent And thus the City was