¶ THE COVRSE of Christianitie or As touching the dayly Reading and Meditation of the holy Scriptures very requisite and necessary for all Christians of what estate or condition soeuer TVVO BOOKES Translated out of Latine into English by Iohn Ludham Vicar of Wethersfeld 1579. The commaundement of God in the olde Testament Deut. 6. 11. These wordes whyche I commaunde thee this daye shall be in thine heart and thou shalte rehearse thē continually vnto thy children and shalt talke of them when thou tariest in thine house and when thou walkest by the waye when thou lyest down and when thou risest vp c. The commaundement of God in the nevve Testament Ioan. 5.39 Searche the Scriptures for they they be that testifye of mee Printed at London by Henry Bynneman 1579. TO THE RIGHT VVorshipful Vertuous and my very good Lady the Lady Mary Wroth late vvife to the right vvorshipful Sir THOMAS WROTH Knight of godly memorie deceassed Iohn Ludham wisheth continuaunce of health and al things prosperous in Christe Iesus WHat greate cause there is right worshipfull and my very good L. why all men of all sortes should be exhorted and earnestly excited to the daily readyng and meditation of the holy Scriptures the infinite perilles and calamities wherevnto we are al of vs continually subiect do moste plainely and plentifully declare For why who seeth not howe combersome and perillous a state they enter into that take vpon thē to trauaile in the Wildernes in the night season without the helpe either of Moone or Starres or any other light to direct them by Goe they not oftentimes out of the way Doe they not manye tymes stumble and stagger like men berefte of their senses Are they not euer and anone caughte in the Bryars and there pitiously tattred and torne Be they not like from time to time to run themselues either againste some Rocke Blocke or Tree standing before them wherby they get one while perhaps a shrewde rushe on the sides an otherwhile a curst thwacke ouerthwarte the shinnes now and then a sore bounse on the breaste by and by a dreadefull duste on the necke and shoulders straightwayes and odde blowe crosse the face and euen immediately an auke rap vpon the nose or some one dash or other in the eies eares or teeth But what are these in comparison of the rest very fleabitings For if they escape either with some or with all these hurts and annoyances which we haue now mētioned they may say and that truly they haue played the tall fellowes But ouer and besides these they light many tymes vppon some daungerous quagmire foregrowne Lake or Pitte wherein they sticke faste and are not able to winde themselues out againe no not to the death What shall I say of the huge multitude of Beastes so fierce and terrible in their kindes Are they not like euery moment to be deuoured of them Howe is it possible they should escape so many roaring Lions so many rauening Wolues so many bloudy Beares boy sterous Bulles cruell Tygres Panters Pardals Leopardes Serpentes Dragons and suche like and not become a pray vnto them I say nothing all this while of a daunger as greate as any other namely of the theeues and robbers cormorants and caytifes that lurke in obscure places gaping for the spoile of wayfaring men of whom notwithstanding they are cruelly rifled and haue oftetimes their throates miserably cut But who is able to expresse all the harde happes and hazardes whyche they throw themselues into that iourny by night in the Desart as is aforesaide Verily I suppose not Syluanus hymselfe Nowe then if incace the state of these menne be so difficulte and daungerous that are in hazarde onely of a bodily death howe muche more perillous and pernitious is the case of all those that remaine in suche continuall ieopardy bothe of bodye and soule Suche doubtelesse is the plighte of all Adams children euen from the tyme of their byrth to the daye of their death Such is the case and conditiō both of high and low rich and poore noble and base bonde and free Iewe and Gentile al and some one and other For why so soone as wee are borne we enter into thys worlde as into a huge Wildernesse where we are eftesoones environed with innumerable straites of the body with innumerable perplexities of the soule As touching the bodye we come naked into the worlde without either mantell to couer vs or strength to defende vs or discretion to guide vs or prouision to succour vs in whiche behalfe the very brute beastes do far-away surmount vs And wee be no sooner crawled foorth of our mothers womb but wee sette oute oure throates and crye euen thereby bewraying bothe oure present misery and oure wretchednesse to come As we growe vppe in yeares so increase oure troubles Troubles within vs troubles withoute vs troubles aboue vs troubles beneath vs troubles behinde vs troubles before vs troubles on the righte hande troubles on the lefte and euerye where troubles Within vs all manner of maladies and disseases proceedyng of inwarde causes whyche in verye deede are so manye in number as the verye Phisitions themselues coulde neuer as yet find oute propre names ynoughe for them much lesse prescribe any sitte remedies to heale them Without vs all kinde of outwarde crosses and distresses as hunger thirst colde nakednes woundes soares botches blaynes blindenesse lamenesse deafnesse dumbnesse perills of sworde perilles of fyre perilles of water c. Aboue vs are the Heauens as yee woulde saye armed againste vs the Firmament frownyng vppon vs the Ayre distempered the Windes wrastling the Thunders roaring the Lightnings flashing the Comettes and blazing Starres lowting the Sunne eclipsed the Moone depriued of hir light and all tokens of calamities vnto vs. Beneath vs is the earth oftetimes trembling and quaking many times sindged and scorched diuers times ouerflowen surrounded sometimes opening and swallowing vp all that euer is not seldome times breathing out pestilent vapours and exhalations to the destruction of whole Cities and Townes Behinde vs are al troubles vnlooked for Before vs all troubles foreseene On the right hande our friendes On the lefte hande oure foes Yea and which way soeuer we turne vs troubles vppon troubles trials vpon trials one vexation vppon an other and euen death it selfe cōtinually pursuing vs And thus fareth it with vs as touchyng our bodies But as concerning our soules the case is so muche the more dangerous as the enimies are pernitious and calamities grieuous whervnto they are subiect Subiect I say not by creatiō but by deprauatiō or rather by originall corruption For in deede if they be considered accordyng to that excellent nature wherein they were first created before the fall of Adam it will appeare that as in substance spirituall and in qualitie immortall so were they indued also with singular ornaments and heauēly vertues as whereby they resembled the image euen of God himselfe But alas euer since that fatall ruine and dismall
shew mercy iudgement and righteousnesse in the earth and in these things I delight saith the lord And as touching the knowledge of his sonne the same God Esay 53. sayeth By hys knowledge shall my righteous seruant iustifie many and he shall beare their iniquitie But all this matter our sauiour CHRIST dispatcheth very roundly where he speketh to his father in these words Iohn 17. This is eternal life that they know thee to be the onely true GOD and whome thou hast sent IESVS CHRIST But now remaineth this thing to be discussed will some man say to witte from whence we haue to fette the knowledge of GOD the Father and of his sonne CHRIST and from whence we may readily learne how GOD will be worshipped of vs This matter is easily answered and determyned And soothly it is best for vs in thys behalfe to heare men inspired with the spirite of GOD rather than any other else whatsoeuer Therefore the authour of the 19. Psalme would haue vs to flee to the very law and testimonie vttered by GOD himselfe The Lawe of the Lord sayth he is vndefiled conuerting the soule the testimonie of the Lorde is sure and giueth wisedome to the simple The statutes of the Lord are right reioycing the hearte the commaundement of the Lord is pure and giueth light vnto the eyes The fear of the Lord is clean and endureth for euer the iudgements of the Lorde are true and righteous altogither More to be desired are they than golde yea than muche fine gold sweeter also than hony and the hony combe Moreouer by them is thy seruaunt taught and in keeping of them there is great rewarde Many things spoken to this effect in the 119. Psalme I purposelye passe ouer In Esay Chap. 8. Whosoeuer by GODS disposition do offer themselues vnto CHRIST to be taught as being desirous to learne the trueth are commaunded to resort for councel to the lawe and to the testimony And he whose integritie is renoumed in the Sermons of the Prophets Apostles I meane Abraham the common father of all the faythfull Luke 16. to those that are carefull to prouide and foresée least they fall into endlesse paines and torments giueth in charge that they heare attentiuely Moses and the Prophetes Last of all CHRIST speaketh expreselye Iohn 5. saying Searche the Scriptures for they are that testify of mee Then the matter is brought to this pointe that so many Kings and Princes as are desirous to rouze vp men to the purchasing of the knowledge of the true and euerlyuing GOD and of hys sonne IESVS CHRIST and to bring them home to a sounde and sincere religion haue néede especiallye for manye greate causes and considerations to become authours themselues vnto all their subiectes and euen to as manye as they maye that they and euery of them to the vttermost of their power maye applye their diligence continuallye to the reading hearing examining and meditating of the holy Scriptures Other waye than this wherein a man might walke safely as in respecte of knowing the true GOD and of puchasing saluation without feare of erroure or anye other daunger can none be shewed And vndoubtedly this businesse is in it self of such great excellencie dignitie that it is a thing well worthy wherof Christian Kings and Princes shoulde by a speciall regarde make decrées in their publike edictes and actes of Parliament Neyther in verye déede are they ignoraunt how it is the moste sage and sacred commaundemente of GOD himselfe that so manye as are desirous to bée enrolled and registred in the blessed Common weale and Citie of GOD shoulde continuallye exercise themselues in learning and meditating the lawe of GOD that is to saye the holy Scripture These words whiche I coÌ„maund thee this day sayth GOD alwayes our most noble Emperoure Deutronomie 6. shall be in thyne hearte and thou shalte rehearse them continually to thy children and shalte talke of them when thou tariest in thy house and when thou walkest by the waye when thou lyest downe and when thou risest vp Which decrée we finde to be repeated in the 11. Chapter of the same Booke that euen hereby it may be apparant that it is a matter very earnestly vrged of god Wherfore if Christian Magistrates doe at any tyme make lawes for theyr people wherein they shall no lesse seuerelye than grauelye commaunde that all and euerye householder and gouernours of familyes shall daylye in theyr seuerall houses ordinarilye reade heare and examine from tyme to tyme certaine Chapters of the holye new Scriptures they can not bée sayd to attempt anye matter or straunge from theyr office and callyng but with all faythfull diligence to propounde commende and putte in execution the moste aunâ—â—ent ordinaunce and decrée euen of GOD hymselfe by whose grace and fauoure they so ofte confesse themselues to be aduaunced to theyr hyghe and moste honourable estate And in good sooth if Magistrats woulde duely consider with themselues by howe solemne an othe and for howe manye causes they are bounde and beholden vnto GOD againe if they woulde call to minde howe néedefull a thyng it were especiallye in these dayes for all menne to bée trayned vppe in the doctrine of true Religion and besydes howe manyfolde commodities myghte by this moste holesome enterprise redounde vnto all estates they coulde by no meanes abyde to be counted slacke or negligente in thys behalfe But rather they woulde wyth all godlye care and so long time putte foorth Lawes touching the reading and meditation of the Scriptures vntyll they shoulde sée menne to bée more in loue with Diuine matters than nowe they are to profitte somewhat like in the Doctrine of Fayth and Christianitie and to amende their manners whyche we sée nowe euerye where oh vnhappye age of ours to be ouermuche corrupted and plainely abhominable And questionlesse it becommeth Magistrates wyth greate courage and constancye to goe forwards in thys office for so muche as they vnderstande that it is euen by name enioyned vnto them also of GOD that they shoulde continuallye be occupyed in readyng the sacréed Bookes For thus doeth GOD the supreme lawgiuer Deutronomie 17. say vnto them When the king shall sitte vpon the throne of his kingdome then shall he write him a copie of this Lawe in a booke by the Priestes of the Leuites and ye shal be with him and hee shall reade therein all the dayes of his life that he maye learne to feare the Lorde his GOD and to keepe al the wordes of this Lawe and these ordinaunces for to doe them That his hearte bee not lifted vp aboue his brethren and that he turne not from the commaundemente to the right hande or to the lefte but that hee maye prolong his dayes in his kingdome hee and hys sonnes in the middest of Israell They then are more grosely deceiued thaÌ„ that they shal néed with any long processe to be confuted whosoeuer they be that imagine this commaundement to belong in no wise vnto Christian Magistrates
hée without anye knowledge of good letters hadde both perfitely learned withoute Booke the holy Scriptures by hearing them redde I vse the wards of Sainct Augustine in the beginning of his worke of Christian Doctrine and also wisely vnderstoode them by pondering and considering of them but it were no wisedome for others that are vtterly voyde of the knowledge of the Scriptures so to speake The summe therefore of the matter is this that in Nature are séene onely certayne pictures and as a man would say counterfettes of things in Scripture the thing and truth it selfe and therefore that all opinions as touching Religion whiche are to be accompted firme and stable ought to be ratifyed by the warrante and defence of the holye Scriptures THIRDELY Séeing men are to be taught and enstructed all must néedes graunte that the written Booke of GODS WORDE is most fitte for oure vnderstanding and capacitie For truly to marke the things that happen in thys visible worlde to ensearche the causes thereof Further to examine what signification they haue as touching the power the righteousenesse and goodnesse of god Agayne what thyngs ought to bée followed and imbraced in vndertaking of duties of functions is a thing very difficulte and gyuen to verye fewe men but sith these and suche lyke things are appararantly discussed in the monumentes of wryters and that in a simple and knowen phrase of speaking it can not bée but that euen the rude and playne readers or hearers maye spéedily atteyne vnto them And for this cause verily it is why the custome is commonlye receyued that the rules of euerie Arte and discipline are of Authoures penned and written in certayne Bookes Yea and Sainct Hierome in hys Preface to the waylings of Ieremy is bolde to saye That the doctrine of Bookes shall no sooner ceasse and haue an ende than wee in a better state of lyfe shall bee wyth Chryste and become lyke vnto the Angels Wherefore if so bée wée wyll vprightlye weygh and consider these thrée causes truelie they maye worthylie moue vs to loue and embrace the Booke of holy Scripture before all other Bookes and euen wyth earnest desyre to be occupyed in it daye and nighte Admitte if you wyll that the Booke of the nature of things is wonderfull and in manye respectes hyghly to bée estéemed yet no man is ignorante of thys that among dyuers Bookes offered that especiallye is to bée preferred before the reste whyche wée sée to excell both in weyghtynesse of the contentes in the methode and playnenesse of teachyng and for manye causes to bée most expediente for vs Good Scholemaysters are accustomed to propounde and commende to theyr hearers suche Bookes as they suppose to bée moste profitable for them and hée that is a thriftie Scholer despiseth not the iudgemente of hys Mayster but prouideth them desirously exerciseth hymselfe in them and maketh greate accompte of them considering that vnlesse hée so doe it wyll come to passe that hée shall with shame bée thrust out of the Schole and shall haue hys name vtterlye razed oute of the register of the learned Tell mée therefore séeyng GOD oure Scholemayster both most wyse and also most desirous of oure profiting dothe commende vnto vs more than canne bée vttered in wordes the Booke of holy Scripture and wée oure selues maye iudge the same farre to surmounte all other Bookes shall not gréeuous punishmente worthely bée alotted vnto vs if wée neyther prouide nor endeauour to reade the holye and sacred Bible Wherefore to the ende I maye stirre vppe as wyth a watchworde and an alarum gyuen all the professors of Christian Religion to the diligente reading of thys Booke wherein are written the verye wordes of GOD I wyll assay to sette downe in order certayne reasons as they shall come to hande hauyng this especiallye in my prayers that so manye as is possible whylest they shall giue themselues to the reading and meditation of the holye Scriptures maye both become greater fauourers of sincere Religion and also better giuen in their liues and conuersation For I am fully persuaded of this and I couet to haue all men persuaded of the lyke that it can not be that anye man shoulde oftentimes and attentiuely reade or heare redde the holye Scripture but that he shall féele himselfe dayly to goe forwarde and to profyte somewhat in amendmente of lyfe and in the exercises of goolinesse For why it is not for nothing that GOD himselfe in the Prophete Esay Chap. 55. sayth Like as the rayne and the Snow cōmeth downe from Heauen and returneth not thither agayne but watereth the earth and maketh it to bring foorthe and budde that it may giue seede to the sower and bread vnto him that eateth euen so shall my word be that goeth out of my mouth it shall not returne vnto me voyd but it shall accomplish that which I will and it shal prosper in the thyng whereto I sende it And truely experience teacheth vs that the matter is euen so as the Prophete sayeth For as muche as wée alwayes sée for the moste parte that oute of the heartes of those that vse reuerentlye to reade or heare the worde of GOD wonderfull not onely floures but fruites also of Faith and loue doe procéede As therefore wée shewed at the beginning that all the sorte of vs ought to learne matters of Diuinitie and the will of GOD for that we are men created of GOD so for bycause it is euidente that all that knowledge is to bée gotten out of that Booke wherein the wordes or Sermons of GOD are described and conteyned it is worthilie required of manne to whome alone it is gyuen to vtter distinctlye wordes of signification to write the same wordes to reade the same being written to heare and vnderstand to learne any thing by words sentences againe to teache it is worthily required I say of man that he shoulde with all possible diligence be occupied and conuersant in the saide Booke For truly by the power of speaking and vnderstāding of wordes man excelleth all other creatures Whiche benefite it is requisite that we acknowlege to be so much the more notable by howe muche more wee are all moued by nature to griefe so ofte as we looke vpon anye that are endued with the shape of men yet voyde of the vse of communication and reason For we make accounte of them to be in no better case than bruite beastes than stockes stones or dumbe images Therefore GOD who hathe created all things by his word would haue man whom he made ruler ouer all creatures in conceiuing of godlinesse to be exercised with a moste noble gifte that is to saye speache or vtteraunce of wordes and he himselfe woulde teach and enstruct him by words For this cause GOD the father suche is the greate loue he beareth to man is recorded oftentimes to haue talked very louingly with his electe the Patriarches and Prophetes And GOD the sonne who hathe greate delighte to be conuersant with
knowlege of Christe Let vs sée now what was done in certaine ages folowing It is the fashion of some of the common sorte wheÌ„ there is anye newe doctrine or maner of teaching especially in Philosophie firste sette abroache to flocke by by togither by heapes to be sodainely inflamed with a feruent desire of learning But as soone as they haue receiued any smacke or tast fo suffer their heate by little little to waxe colde in continuance of time to be quyte extinct aswel their doctrine as their whole secte if anye were risen to vanish away Much like as if a greate fire being kindled after it hathe for a certaine space shewen forth a huge light bin séene a great waye off by little little ceasseth to caste foorth any sparke or flame and last of all hath nothing lefte but smoake ashes whereof yet the one goeth into the ayre and the other are scattered with the winde But so muste we not iudge of the holy Scriptures For albeit the Apostles died were buried yet was by no means the studie Diuinitie buried with them The Iewes had an antient custome among them namely throughout euerie Citie when they come togither in their Sinagogues on the Sabaoth dayes to recite publikely certaine Chapters oute of the Lawe the Prophets which forthwith some one or other expounded in a familiar kinde of order to the capacitie and instruction of the hearers The selfe same forme of reading and interpreting was by the Apostles brought into the congregations or assemblies whiche in respecte of that time the faithfull were suffered to haue as maye appeare Luc. 4. Act. 13 15. 1. Corinth 14. That which the Apostles obserued in their time their successours the Pastors of Churches neuer suffered to be intermitted or broken off no not so muche as turn then when the affaires of the Christians were broughte into greate extremities and Tyrantes soughte by all meanes to worke their decaye For they neuer ceassed to haue their méetings and assemblies as appeareth euen by the testimonie of Plinie in his Epistle to Traiane the Emperoure They vse sayth he before day light to come ordinarily togither What was accustomed to be done in these assemblies manye credible writer doe reporte Iustine who liued in the yeare of Christes incarnation 1â—0 in his seconde Apologie which he wrote for the Christians hath these words On the day whiche is called Sunday all that remaine in the townes or fieldes doe come togither into one place where the bookes of the Prophets or Apostles are read so long as an houres space will suffer Then when hee which readeth leaueth off hee that is chiefe among vs admonisheth and exhorteth that wee shoulde diligently follow and embrace those good lessons that are read theÌ„ rise we all and praye togither Clemens Alexandrinus who florished Anno. 200 lib. 7. Stromatum sayeth that the sacrifices whiche they vsed in those dayes were prayers and thanksgiuings and lessons of the Scriptures which they read before meate From these Disagréeth not Tertullian who liued Anno. 230. Apologetici Cap. 39. Wee come togither sayth he to the reading of the holy Scriptures if the qualitie of the times present enforceth vs to forewarne or reknowlege any thing Forsooth with holy words we feed our faith we erect our hope we establish our trust and neuerthelesse with often repetitions and suggestions we confirme the discipline of preceptes Dionisius also the author of the Ecclesiastical hierarchie about the. 300. yere of our Lord entreating of the mysterie of the Lords supper saith very plainly By the office of the Ministers is orderly recited the lesson of the holy Scriptures And a little after The most sacred songs and readings of the Scriptures do minister vnto them directions as touching the gouernement of life and whiche in order goeth before teacheth the amendment of their corrupte affections and most pernicious nature Who wold require no witnesses to be produced And séeing Iustine liued in Asia as borne in Nicopolis a town of Palestine as Ierom reporteth was conuersant at Rome and else where in Europe Tertullian in Affrica Clemens at Alexandrîa in Egipt for as touching Dyonisius wée haue as yet no certaintie It is euident hereby that there was euery where in those daies so far forth as concerned the reading of the holy Bible a greate wonderfull consent But when as after the stormes and tempestes of persecutions were once by the singular prouidence of God appeased assuaged the godly had a time of respite graÌ„ted vnto them the Churches beganne nowe to be increased which came to passe if not in the time of Philip the Emprour Anno. 250. whom Eusebius lib. 6. cap. 25. Orosius lib. 7. cap. 20. doe reporte to haue bin the firste Christian Prince of any power that euer was after Christe yet certes vnder Constantine aboute the yere of Grace 320 thou shouldest haue séene if a man may credite Eusebius high and stately temples builded vp to the Lord wherein were practised the selfe same things that late before wer vsed in priuate houses And leaste that anye thing in this behalfe shoulde at any time be confusedly or negligently done there were appointed in all Churches readers vnto whom was enioined by the Bishop the office of Reading who deliuered vnto them in the presence of all the people the holy and sacred Bible As touching whiche matter thou mayste reade in the 8. canon of the fourthe councell of Carthage and in Gratian distinct 23. Moreover leaste any other Bookes than those that are accompted to be Canonicall shoulde be read it was prouided by the councell of Laodicea whiche was helde anno 370. canon 59. and by the third councel of Carthage canon 47. And that Iohn Chrisostome and many others who were afterwarde of great authoritie in the Churche first supplied the office of Readers before they aspired to anye higher promotions maye be auouched verye clearely by Histories Nowe the Homilies that is to saye the Sermons diuised and made by the holy fathers whyche are extante euen from the time of Origen to the Empires of Charles the greate during whose raigne Alcuinus and Beda two of the laste Authors in a maner of these Sermons flourished do proue euidentlye that the same custome whiche wée spake of euen now was obserued in all Churches Reade I pray you but the beginnings only of the homilies of Origen vpoÌ„ the bookes of Moses certain others reade likewise the beginnings of Chrisostome prefixed before his expositions vpon a good part of the bookes of holy Scripture made vnto the people reade the dyuers sundrie entries of Sermons of Saint Augustine especially where he entreateth De verbis Domini Serm. 15.33 De verbis Apostoli Serm. 1. Again very many of Maximus the Bishop Bede and other moâ— and euen forthwith in the very shorte exordiums or beginnings of their Sermons ye shall perceiue howe by them though they were Doctours of diuers times and
and especially in the exercises of holye Scripture or take anye long and greate paines in the Schooles of Learning when he smelleth that there will be no publike vse thereof and foreséeth that no manner of rewardes shall bée allotted to his laboures in Churches I appeale to the testimonies of a great number of good menne whyche can remember that in Churches verye greate and notable there haue not béene scarce foure Sermons throughoute the whole yeare made vnto the people and yet if there happened to be anye it was spente for the moste parte eyther in a fruitelesse narration of Myracles and those commonlye false or else in some subtill disputation sauoring more of Aristotle than of the Prophetes and Apostles Verily I remember that I hearde ouce in Fraunce one beyng old and hoareheaded and a man of singular modestie tel and reporte that he was declared Doctor of Diuinitie in the Sorbon Schoole at Paru when as hée had neuer in all his life read ouer so muche as thrée Chapiters of the holy Bible and further that he was afterwarde the Pastor of no obscure Churche and althoughe he dayly descanted vppon the hundreth and ninetéenth Psalme wherein is wonderfully commended the study efficacie and vse of Gods worde and here and there also be repeated these wordes In the lawe of the Lorde wil I meditate day and night yet notwithstanding that it neuer came into his minde one whit to peruse the Bookes of holy Scripture with a desire of vnderstaÌ„ding the truth nor neuer made also any Sermon oute of the Scriptures to the people Whyche thinges he not wythout an honest kinde of shame callyng to remembraunce bothe bewayled the vnhappinesse of the tyme past and also complayned of the shamefull ignorance of the men of his coate and calling Yea and moreouer in dyuers Countries where I haue trauailed I haue séene many Priestes as my manner is in euery place to enquyre diligently of the state of Churches whyche when they were vtterly voyde of learning and very Drones had no Churche wherein they mighte lawfully minister But out of their Masses as they call them whych they beyng hyred daylye sayde they sucked out no small gaine and aduantage sustained themselues in their filthy ydlenesse Furthermore we sée it euerye where commonly receiued not by custome but as yée woulde saye by a lawe established that Priestes are made wythoute choyce no more as they were in times past to teache but onelye to say Masse As who should say forsooth this way do the holy Byshops followe the holy Cannons whyche forbidde that without a title for so they speake any man shoulde be ordered Distinction 70. C. Neminem Sanctorum Canonum c. Therefore as touching the Doctrine of Religion there is among them no further question but it maye be sayde as Ierome speaketh expounding the thirtéenth Chapiter of Ezechiel that for the sinnes of men the word of GOD is vtterly loste and that grieuous calamitie sent downe into the worlde that GOD by the Prophet Amos Cap. 8 threatneth namely a cruell hunger thirste and scarcitie of hearing the worde of GOD. The other inconueniences whyche haue flowed oute of that fountayne to witte the false perswasion of the Ministery to consiste in bare Songs and Ceremonies I ceasse to make any further reckening of But to procéede where Bishops do not prouide that the Scriptures be continually readde and expounded in Churches and yet giue orders to a greate number of suche as they knowe haue neyther bestowed any time before in studying the holy Scriptures neyther can or will do hereafter I leaue it to be considered of euerye man whether suche either Byshops or Priestes can rightly chalenge to themselues the power Ecclesiasticall and kayes of the kingdome of Heauen as granted vnto them of God or no. We haue learned forsooth out of the Sermons of Christ and the Apostles that there is a double power of the Churches or that there be two kayes the one of Doctrine whyche consisteth in teachyng that is to saye in interpreting the Scriptures and administration of the Sacramentes whiche are annexed to the worde and euen a certaine portion of the worde like as in very déede they are acomplished by the worde the other is prepared to giue iudgement and to binde and loose But nowe howe shall he â—â—â—â—ly teache in the Churche all the chiefe poyntes of Christian Doctrine oute of the Law and the Gospell How agayne shall be wisely giue sentence as well of sinnes for whiche the obstinate must be bounde as also of faith and repentance for the witnessing whereof it behoueth them to be loosed that were bounde which neuer exercised himselfe in the monumentes of the Prophets and Apostles neither intendeth at any time to beginne Certesse that no keyes of Christes Church are committed to vnlearned Priestes it is well proued by the iudgement of those Prelates that ouer and besides that they haue deputed a good parte of the rabblement of Priestes only as I sayde to the execution of Masserites and Ceremonies haue moreouer deuised certaine cases which they name Reserued whereof some they wil haue referred to the Bishops only of euery Church othersome only and alone to the Bishop of Rome Now there shoulde be no néede to trudge for counsell to the higher Prelates if so be they déemed the Priests which themselues had made fitte to giue iudgement of matters incident and sufficiently furnished to bind and lose But that which the authours of reserued cases haue openly protested touching certayne Priestes the same may we interprete worthily to be vnderstoode of all in generall whether they be Bishops or Priestes that are founde voyde and destitute of all furniture of learning Héereby then we shall be inforced to suspect that many Churches haue of long time wanted and bin altogither withoute keyes For the vnderstanding and interpretation of the Scriptures being once loste it coulde not be chosen but that the keyes must néedes haue bin lost also And in what state the house is that is neyther opened nor shutte at any tyme with keyes but hauing as yée woulde saye the lockes and dores broken all to fitters standeth on euery side and alwayes and to euery one that commeth wide open in the very same state we suppose the Churches to haue bin and to be in whiche is had no consideration at all of the handling of the holy Scriptures But we shall haue lesse cause to maruayle that Priestes haue not hitherto bin carefull of receyuing the true keyes if in case we consider that a number of them haue not bene accustomed to go in and out by the dore but by some other way and that there haue appeared in them more liuely markes of hirelings than of anye true Shepheardes It remayneth therefore that whosoeuer hauing gotten any dignitie in the Churche of God wyll also purchase to himselfe credite and authoritie and be acknowledged in very déede for a true Shepheard hauing interest in the keyes and skill to vse
simply a Brightnesse or Cléerenesse and Thummim Innocencie Integritie Perfection Besides all thys the Prelates of the Christian Churches not intending to beare with so greate a reproche of ignoraunce and blindnesse haue put forthe dyuers and sundrye Cannons whereby they giue commaundement that such as are chosen to the gouernment of the Church in cace they be founde not sufficiently learned and especiallye ignorante of the holy Scriptures shoulde be remeued from their place and dignitie There are extante ouer and beside the Cannons of generall Councelles sundry prescriptes of Byshoppes sentences also and resolutions of certayne of the fathers as maye appeare Distinction 36.37.38 againe in the Decretalles as touchyng the election and power of the elected as touchyng the age and qualitie of those that are to receyue orders The Histories in like manner and Epistles of the Byshoppes doe testifye that some haue nowe and then bin deposed from the Ecclesiastical Ministery among whome was the Byshoppe of Catina deposed by Honorius the thirde of whome wée maye reade in the Decretals Can. Quamuis multa And vnlesse that euen in these our dayes also that laudable custome of excluding vnfitte and vnable Ministers maye as it were after long banishement be reduced into oure Churches it is not likely that theyr aucthoritie can any long time continue in safety Euery vnlearned ydeot do now offer themselues to the Ministery and are admitted wythoute any difference no lawfull triall beyng had before of theyr profyting in Diuine knowledge and being once admitted they then thinke that they are cocke sure as they saye and euen conclude wyth themselues that they can neuer afterwarde bée remoued By whyche reasons and consideration it is too too euident that they are bothe hardened in slouthfulnesse and in contempte as yée woulde saye of all good studies and exercises and also enboldened to atttempt and committe any euill and disorder whatsoeuer thoughe neuer so shamefull and desperate And certes I do not alittle maruaile oftetimes with my selfe that no Ministers of Churches in a manner can with so manye reasons hitherto aleadged â—ée rouzed vppe and prouoked to the loue and practise of the holy Scriptures They haue the manifest precepts of GOD they haue the exhortations promises threatnings of the Prophetes and Apostles they haue the decrées published in councelles by Byshoppes Moreouer they sée and perceyue that they are contemned and derided of all men for their ignoraunce they sée that they are troubled and ouercrowed of Laye menne and Heretikes whyche doe obiecte for themselues the Scriptures but for the moste parte wickedly wrested they sée a number of Churches vtterlye decayed and to be wythout possibilitie of any repayring or amending excepte sounde Doctrine be restored againe to hir former puritie they sée that they cannot gyue a fitte answere to those that aske a question and requyre anye counsell or comforte at their handes they sée finallye that they can by no meanes performe the thynges that pertayne to theyr office and callyng so long as they are destitute of the knowledge of the Propheticall and Apostolike doctrine I saye nothyng all thys whyle as touchyng the oportunitie of learnyng whyche nowe by the wonderfull goodnesse of GOD is offered euerye where in greate measure For GOD hathe vouchsafed to rayse vppe as a man woulde saye from Hell the studies of good Artes and Disciplines whyche were before euen as good as deade and of long tyme vtterly buryed barbarous Sophistry and vaine iangling subtilties doe no more kéep a quoyle in the Schooles as tofore they haue done againe in manye places the studies and exercises of Diuinitie are méetely well scowred from many corruptions so that men hauing ouersayled the maine Sea of colde questions and doubtes flowing from the sentences of Peter Lombard they are come directly to the cleare and swéete fountaines of the sacred Scripture moreouer in manye Countries and Regions the mindes aswell of the teachers as of the learners are effectually long since stirred vppe by Gods spirite to embrace and sette forth the holy Scriptures yea and the tongues prophecie and other spirituall giftes wherewyth it behoueth Churches to bée enlightned and adorned are séene dayly more and more as it were wyth full streame to breake in into them also to the furtheraunce hereof serue not alittle the godlye desires of a greate number of good menne and theyr incredible expectation as touchyng the reformation of the Churche Certainely they that with these and suche like reasons and argumentes féele not themselues to bée awaked and stirred vppe muste néedes bée verye senselesse and blockishe But if they doe féele the force of them and yet wyll not yéelde vnto them then muste they of necessitie bée verye wicked and insolent I for my parte woulde suppose them to bée intoxicate wyth nightshade or some suche like poyson and in verye déede to bée rightelye madde as Pâ—inie speaketh and to bée vtterlye bereafte of theyr righte minde For why that it is no small or light offence to neglecte the occasion offered to despise so manye and so excellent giftes of the holye Ghoste euerye one of you maye easilye consider thoughe I holde my peace The Ciuilians to the intente they maye gette commendation in their kinde of studies sticke not to spende whole twentye yeares togyther in the huge and intricate Volumes of the Imperiall Lawes It grieueth not the Phisitions to bestowe a good parte of theyr tyme in reading of Hipocrates and the tedious workes of Galen Where if it so were that they had al the rules of theyr profesion comprised in so small a Booke as is the holy Bible I beléeue verilye that they woulde then konne them all and euerye of them perfectlye at theyr fingers endes and wée shoulde sée those I mean the Lawyers to be able out of hand and quickly and as it were wyth one breathe to recite the lawes bothe olde and newe and these namely Phisitions no lesse promptely and readily to repeate Aphorismes and preceptes as touchyng any matter propounded or fallyng into question whatsoeuer Those that woulde gladly be counted Ciceronians doe as wée maye sée apply themselues continually to the Bookes of Cicero and often tymes reade them al ouer not slightly and by startes but wyth so great attention and indeuour as that they obserue not onely the matters but also euerye word and sentence and as well the sense and meaning as also the order and placing of them Whiche trauaile and diligence though it bée very painefull and not greately néedefull to the ordering of the Church or Common weale yet we sée that it is verye well lyked and approued of all learned men If then the case standeth thus why doe not those that oughte to be Doctors and Teachers of Christian Churches vse the lyke diligence in learning the small yea easie and passable worke of the holy Bible by the opening whereof not onelye Churches but also common weales may verye muche be furthered and holpen A foule shame is it for Ministers of
they may become most like to their godly Christian king In vayne do some lay for excuse the troubles impedimeÌ„ts of the Courte and I wote not what heapes of businesse besides wherewith they are ouerwhelmed It is not the place but the mind whervpon to make thée studious of Gods worde the point of the whole matter depeÌ„deth And very easily may he find a place time houres coÌ„uenient to reade studie in that hath at the least a desire to séeke them Obadias gouernour of the wicked King Achabs house is read 1. King. 18. to haue bin vehemeÌ„tly addicted to the word of God and to his Prophetes the interpretours of it of which Prophets he had a hundred at the least in caues notwithstanding Iezabels crueltie who sought to slea theÌ„ priuily ministred vnto their necessities And the Pagan Eunuch treasourer to Candace Quéene of the Aethiopians found the meanes to get oportunitie of reading the holy Scriptures euen whilest he trauelled by the way was caried in a Coach as we may reade Acts. 8. But why doe I not to reproue the detestable dulnesse slouth of some men set downe the words of Iohn Chrisostome as touching the diligence of this Eunuch written in the beginning of his 34. Homilie vppon Genesis These they are That Barbarous Eunuch of the Aethiopian Qu. which was in so great glory was caried in a Chariot euen at that time neglected not reading but taking the Prophet in his hands vsed great studie and diligeÌ„ce though he knew not what was conteyned in the booke and hee broughte with him whatsoeuer was in him namely a good desire cheerefulnesse of minde and aduizednesse in marking For consider I pray thee what a thing it was not to omitte reading so muche as in the time of trauelling and especially sitting in a Chariote Therefore well worthy are they of blame that can not be perswaded thus to do wheÌ„ they sitte quietly at home in their owne houses but supposing such maner of reading to be superfluous bycause either they keepe coÌ„pany with a woman or are appoynted to warfare or bee charged with childreÌ„ and seruaÌ„ts or otherwise intangled with businesse they thinke it no parcell of their charge to apply themselues to the reading of the diuine Scriptures Behold he was an Eunuch or gelded man and hee was a Barbarian which both were sufficieÌ„t to make him negligent and carelesse and yet besides he was in greate honour abounded in riches Adde herevnto also that he was in his iourney and was caried in a Coach. For to him that in this wise trauelleth by the way it is no easie matter to be occupyed in reading nay it is very harde and troublesome Neuerthelesse he through the wonderfull desire and care that he had ouercomming all lettes and impedimentes gaue himselfe intentiuely to reading Wherevpon it followeth that he vttered not those wordes that a great number nowe adayes haue in their mouthes namely when they vse to saye I vnderstand not the things that are written I can not conceiue the deepe meaning of the Scriptures wherfore theÌ„ shuld I bestow my time in vayne I reade and haue no body to direct me As for him he thought no such matter being in language a Barbarian in mind a Philosopher but he considered rather that he should not be shakeÌ„ off but holpeÌ„ with grace froÌ„ aboue so that he brought with him that which in him lay a true indeuour I meane and diligence whome also let vs imitate c. These thinges hath he in that place Séest thou not with howe greate sharpnesse and grauitie Chrisostome cutteth off and beateth backe the cold and senselesse reasons that some deynty toothed Cockneys are wont to vse to the intent to cast from them the care of heauenly things Truely they are ouerwise nay rather very vayne in this behalfe They proue themselues to be guiltie of a most gréeuous crime who when they can find a time to bestow in banquetings and bellychéere in dicing and carding in tossing to and fro of balles in huntings in hawkings in idle ridings vp and downe yea in deuising wayes to oppresse the innocents and to spoyle good Citizens of that which they haue to speake of nothing else more bitter doe yet denie that they haue any spare time or leysure left wherein to be occupyed in reading and vnderstanding the word of god But with Clubs vndoubtedly I had almost sayd with forkes or roddes and scourges are those most perstilente flatterers worthy to be beaten that are not afrayde to whisper in the cares of soft and delicate men and of suche as are ouer-lighte of credite that the studie of the holy Scriptures is altogither vnméete for a noble man as though forsooth that true Nobilitie coulde stande withoute the knowledge of true vertues whiche the Scripture alone doth rightly teache or any noble enterprises bée happilye atchieued where the foundation of Fayth is not layde out of the worde of God as thoughe that whyche God hymselfe hathe defyned to bée fayre and expediente in a Kyng that by mans authoritie ought to bée déemed foule and vnséemely in a Noble manne But rather to lette passe these shâ—melesse and treacherous flatterers all true Nobilitie in déede hath respect to those worthy men whome especiallye the holye Ghoste than holye and godly men doe wonderfully for their studye of GODS worde and sanctimony of lyfe commende and sette forthe So doeth the Scripture celebrate hym whom we spake of namely Obadias likewise Naaman the Syrian 2 King. 5. diuers Princes beléeuing in Christe Ioan. 12. certaine Centurians Math. 8. Luke 7. Actes 10. a Ruler Ioan. 14. the Eunuch Act. 8. Ioseph of Arimathia Math. 27. Sosthenes Act. 18. the noble men of Thessalonica and Berrhoea Act. 17. certaine of the family of Caesar Philip. 4. I passe ouer very many godly Kings and Potentates mentioned in the olde Testament neither do I declare what manner of examples of a Courtelye life and conuersation maye fruitfully be gathered and obserued out of the Bookes of Genesis Kings Esther Daniel Of some holy fathers in their Commentaries and Histories are greatelye extolled Apollonius an Ecclesiasticall writer Abdomênus Senna Tertnl Chrisostome Nectarius Byshoppe of Constantinople Ambrose Byshoppe of Millan Hillary Byshoppe of Orleance Cassiodorus Author of the Tripartite History Boetius Seuerus Sulpitius and others who besides that they were noble by the pedigrée of their Auncestors and likewise in that they were of greate aucthoritie in the Churche or Common weale obtayned also an Honorable name and reporte by theyr handlyng of the holy Scriptures The consideration of these times of ours compelled mée inasmuche as I sée nowe euery where the Nobilitie in lamentable sorte to be farre awaye withdrawen from the Doctrine of Religion to saye more to Noble men than I was purposed to haue done Lette vs nowe therefore passe forward to the other degrées If thou be a Iudge Consull or Pretor surelye séeyng it belongeth to thy office to take vppe
controuersies risen among men wisely to publish and set forth lawes and ordinaunces to reléeue the afflicted especiallye widowes fatherlesse children and all persons in generall that are vnworthily oppressed and neither for fauoure nor for hatred to tourne aside from equitie to take vpon thée the defence indifferently both of the poore and riche weake and mightye small and greate it shal become thee before all men continually to reade the holye Scripture wherein are founde moste waightie examples and preceptes which maye in all thine actions and dealings putte thée in remembraunce of Iustice and equitie Reade in especially Exod. 18.23 Leuit 19 Deut. 1.10.15.16.17.22.24.27 Iudg. 2.3.1 King. 1.2 Paral. 19. Prouerb 18.24 Psalm 82. Ies 5. Iere. 5.22 and other places moe else where So highly oughte all good men to estéeme of the worde of GOD that they shoulde couet to haue the lawes putte forthe by Emperours and Kings tried and examined by the rule thereof and if anye clauses be founde not throughly to agrée wyth the doctrine of Christ that those then either to be corrected or vtterly to be excluded from the compasse of Christian equitie But howe shall anye Iudge perceiue whether the ciuil lawes doe aunswere to the rule of that doctrine or no if so bée he hathe neuer at any time bestowed any study in it for if a man shall content himselfe onely with the lawes once broughte in and established and without anye further triall of them haue no regarde at all to the sacred Scripture verily this man maye bée iudged to be in no better case thâ—n a Pagan or Miscreante But it pleased the moste godly and wise Princes Constantine Valentinian Theodosius Lotharius and manye others otherwise to determine Who séeyng many lawes to be more hard and sharpe than that they ought to enioine Obedience to men that professe Christ and true Religion chaunged some of them and othersome they vtterly abolished For in déede they truly iudged according as the case requyreth that the worde of GOD oughte to be preferred before all mannes lawes whatsoeuer and that inferioure lawes cannot be taken for iuste and vpright that are founde in anye parte to varie from the highe and supreame Lawe of GOD. But if thou professe thy selfe to be a Souldiour then soothly euen for this cause forsomuche as nowe in these dayes through the negligence of Captaines the good ordinaunces of warlike discipline are for the moste parte disanulled thou standest in more néede to taste of the holye Scriptures and euen by little and little to drinke them in as I may so saye with full draught For oute of them shalte thou learne to stande in awe of GODS Maiestie and shalte be admonished verye earnestlye not so vngratiouslye héereafter to abuse as Souldiors doe nowe euerye where common souldiours especially more vile than anye barbarous and hyred Carian one while the moste holye name of GOD and otherwhile other thinges whyche oughte to be moste highlye estéemed of all and not withoute a certaine reuerence and signification of Honoure and Feare once to be named or spoken of O howe horrible and vnspeakeable blasphemies doe these common Campe followers and sellers of all manner of riffraffe daylye vomite oute of their mouths Verily I whollye quake and tremble and am afraide leaste the earth shoulde open so ofte as I stande or sitte in companye where some thinges are discoursed as touching the vncredible crueltie of these newe kinde of Souldioures for doubtlesse to the people of old time I suppose that such were not known Why do they not therfore at the length take the holy Scriptures into their handes and oute of Moses Deut. 11.12.13 oute of Iehosua 23. oute of the Psalme 144. oute of Iohn Baptiste Luke 3. and other places moe learne with what fidelitie integritie and discipline they oughte to be conuersant in warre and with what conditions to looke for ioyfull victory at the hands of Almighty GOD If by no other meanes yet truelye euen by the vngodlynesse alone of the souldiors of thys tyme GOD beyng prouoked to anger iustely sendeth downe vpon the earth which now al prouinces do féele and bewayle euen the vttermoste of all extremities and calamities Doubtlesse I am persuaded that it cannot come to passe that those Chieftaines shoulde euer obtaine anye glorious victory and triumphe ouer their enimies being garded and enuironed with wicked souldiours and now and then fighting without cause why caste themselues headlong into wonderfull daungers For the sinne of one false harted souldiour whiche had priuily kept to hymselfe some of the thinges that were commaunded to be destroyed all the whole hoste of GODS people was broughte into greate hazarde Iehosua 7. Then what may we looke for where so huge a rablement of moste vile and treacherous souldioures are dayle hyred for the warres But I remember that whyche Anacharsis on a time demaunded of one namely Whether those that saile ought to be counted among the quicke or deade And hée added the cause that when they are thought to be in greatest safety of all they are no further off from death than the thickenesse of the shippe borde that is a three of foure fingers breadth Whiche reason Iuuenall in his Satire 12. forgate not to render saying Goe nowe thy waye and to the Windes thy lyfe and soule commit And truste vnto a brittle borde as thoughe full safe on it Thou mightste remayne when further off from death thou shalte not be Than ynches foure or seauen at moste Be et nere so large a tree And surely euen as doubtfull and vncertayne is the life of those men that serue vnder the standerdes of any Emperoure or Capitayne whatsoeuer within the sight of their enimies Campe. For among so manye weapons of the enimies so many Darts and Halberds so many Swordes and as nowe the manner is amongst innumerable bullets of Gunnes whyche are shotte verye swiftely and very farre off who can be sure of hys life so muche as one moment of an houre Alas howe often commeth it to passe that a manne sitting in his Tent dores or being in the Towne and Castell besieged or at home in hys house doyng of some worke and thinking of nothyng lesse than of death is sodainely taken awaye with one of these bullets There is no regards or difference of the Emperoure Marshall of the hoste Standerd-bearer common Souldiour pezaunt Scullion Moreouer as nowe adayes for the moste parte warres are made and Souldiors doe liue all verye dissolutely and intemperatelye ofte tymes it happeneth that contagious disseases doe spreade abroade throughe all the troupes and bandes by means whereof many moe are consumed with burning agues with inflamations with perillous flixes wyth the pestilence wyth hunger wyth thyrste with colde than wyth the force of theyr 〈◊〉 Wherefore like as in tymes paste there were some that counted it a happy thyng in case they mighte dye in battell and winne as greate renowne after their deathe as didde the Latines or worthy Romaynes whereby
the Heretikes or Gentiles For to say the truth there is greater continencie founde among them though in schisme then among the Christians He therefore that will knowe whiche is the true Church of Christ how shal he know but only by the Scriptures The Lord knowing then that so great a confusion of things should happen in the later times therefore commaundeth that the Christians whiche are in the state of Christianitie and desirous to embrace the stedfastnesse of the true faith should haue recourse to no other thing than to the Scriptures Otherwise if they shall haue regard to any other matters they shal be offended and perishe not vnderstanding whiche the true Church is Thus much there Yea moreouer the same Father is bold to say that Heresies doe then chiefelye budde forth when men neglect to reade the holy Scriptures A great defence and bulwarke against sinne saith he in his 3. Homilie of Lazarus is the reading of the Scriptures a great downefall a daungerous pitte is the ignorance of the Scriptures a greate losse of saluation it is to know nothing of Gods lawes this thing hathe ingendred heresies this thing hathe broughte in corrupte life this thing hath turned all things vpside downe For it can not be no it can not be I say that any man should depart without fruite that is delighted with the continuall reading of the Scriptures The counsel therfore that we sée Chrisostome gaue the selfe same no doubte did other of the holye fathers giue also as Origen Hierome Augustine and suche like who then especially exhorted al men to the reading of the Scriptures when as Heresies euery where waxed rife In these sentences then as well of the Apostle Paul and also of Chrisostome and others laying forthe the lawfull vse of the holy Scriptures we wil willingly reste and if any shall be founde hereafter to the high reproche and slaunder of GODS diuine maiestie to crye out that the sacred Scripture doth minister matter and occasion of Heresie those vnlesse they wil be conuicted of high treason against the holye GHOST the author of the holye bookes we will commaunde and charge to hold their peace But if they shal go forward to speake blasphemies againste the holy GHOST then will wée with the martyre Polycarpus for so doth Iustine write of him to Florinus stoppe our eares with our fingers and turning vnto GOD saye O merciful GOD what tymes hast thou brought vs into that we should heare these things If euer at any time then vndoubtedlye at this time which ingendreth sectes not a fewe whereby the ignorant multitude is infected it were to be prouided that out of the most plentifull storehouse of the holy GHOST against the pestilent ayre of wicked opinions all good men would diligentlye procure to themselues in time preseruatiue remedies gathered out of the most excellent rules of the olde and newe Testamente whiche in déede ought to be preferred before all maner of costly and swéet smelling spices whatsoeuer Where if so bée anye malapert merchaunt or craftye cousiner be founde to abuse the Scriptures of themselues moste notable and most holesome to his own and other mens destruction there can nothing here truely be imputed to the Scriptures but what euill or mischiefe so euer bée taken it muste of necessitie be ascribed to the peruerse nature of men as well of the deceiuers as of the deceyued There is nothing at any time so excellent profitable and holesome that Satan and his Disciples dare not subtilly counterfayte and apply to another end than it ought to be but especially to do hurt Euil men make the ayre sunne fire water earth meate drinke to become hurtfull vnto them when they will not vse them aright The like iudgement is to be giuen of the worde of GOD which in the holy Scriptures is called a light a lanterne breade meate foode fire But indéed like as the Apostle saith that he preacheth CHRIST crucified vnto all that are called both of the Iewes Grecians the power of GOD and wisdome of GOD albeit the vngodly either Iewes or Gentiles should neuer so muche be offended and laugh him to scorn euen so is the course of our talke directed to the commendation of GODS worde to the intente the Godlye minded may receyue life thereby though the wicked and vngodly do snatch it and violentlye wrest it how and whithersoeuer they list themselues Againe howe many Christians may we finde whiche doe not now and then diuerse wayes ouershoote thēselues and fowly also fall If we say that we haue no sin we deceiue our selues and ther is no truth in vs as saith S. Iohn in the first Chapter of his first Epistle whervnto it behoueth vs al to subscribe For why it is requisite that euen the saints also do pray dayly as oure Lord and maister CHRIST hath taught and commanded saying Forgiue vs our debtes And the excellent Prophete Dauid Psal. 33. sayeth that all the holy ones shall cal continually vpon GOD to obtayne pardon for their sinnes I wil acknowledge sayth he my sinnes vnto the Lorde and thou hast pardoned my vnrighteousnesse For this cause shall all the godly pray vnto thee Wherefore there is no man liuing that standeth not in néede oft times of a controller or Iudge which may diligently admonish rebuke chasten and bring him into order But if it so fall out that men dare not reproue thée being a sinner or they vouchsafe it not or they doe it not so franckly and courteously as were to be wished and that peraduenture bycause thou art grieued if any doe deale with thée in that order then truely there remayneth this only aduice namely that thou reade with an attentiue minde the preceptes contained in the holye Scriptures the sentences the threatnings vttered of GOD againste sinners likewise the Sermons of the Prophetes and Apostles wherin the sinnes of all men and therefore thine also are openly and seuerely reproued humbly transfer vnto thy self whatsoeuer things thou findest agréeable to thy state By this meanes euen alone thou maist in good earnest be brought to the knowledge of thy sinnes from this knowledge secondly to repentaunce and from repentance finally to faith and amendment of life Adde moreouer that the Scripture doth finde out and condemne those secret sinnes in thée which men know not off and which thou wouldest be ashamed to confesse and so coulde neuer be reproued by the liuely sounding voyce of any man Therfore the holy Scripture when thou readest it speaketh only vnto thée alone it is a faithful kéeper of thy secrets it wil admonish thée of most weyghty affayres it wil not put into thy minde but those things that are excellent and of whiche peraduenture thou shouldst neuer haue heard anye thing of any man liuing For in good sooth this very worde whilest it is reuerently and with a feruent affection read or heard recited of another becōmeth quick and mighty in operation so that it pearceth to the very marow
the sonnes of men reioyceth to be named 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to saye the Word and the same preaching without intermission or ceasing hath declared the wil of his heaueÌ„ly father Prouerb 8. Ioan. 1. Heb. 1. And moreouer amongst the things that are exercised in the Church the Word holdeth the chiefe place yea and euen the very force and dignitie of the mysticall actions or Sacramentes dependeth vppon the worde of god Wherevppon it pleased some of the learned fathers and especiallye Augustine vppon Iohn in his Sermon 80. and against Faustus booke 19. Cap. 16. to tearme the same very Sacramentes visible wordes What néede anye long circumstaunce GOD by his worde openeth bothe himselfe and all his benefites and graces vnto man and by faith in the worde man is ioyned vnto GOD and made partaker of eternall blessednesse Wherefore we maye moste truely auouch that to reade the holy Scripture with a godly affection is euen all one to talke and conferre with GOD and to heare God talking and conferring with vs Certes as often as thou readest of precepts exhortations promises threatnings iudgements rewardes punishmentes and other things of like sorte so ofte doest thou heare God himselfe of a truth speaking vnto thée Againe as ofte as thou readest of any confession of sinnes crauing of pardon prayer giuing of thanks or anye suche like so ofte dost thou thy selfe speake vnto god For in these pointes chiefly do consist the naturall commonings betwixte God and men and in these things resteth the substaunce of all sacred sayings and sentences Wherefore then to goe aboute to forbidde or withholde anye man from the reading hearing and vnderstanding of the holy Scriptures is euen as much in effecte as to commande him to dissemble or deny himselfe to be a man that so he mighte be depriued of the power of speaking and of the fruite and benefite of reason Hierome maruelleth and stomacketh the matter and counteth it intollerable if anye man shoulde so presume Forsomuch saith he in the proheme of his exposition of the Epistle of Saint Paule to the Ephesians as we differ from all other creatures in this point chieflg that we are endued with reason and haue the vse of speaking and al reason and holy speach is contayned in the bookes of God by which we both learne to know God and also to what ende wee be created I maruaile greatly at some who either giuing themselues to slouthfulnesse and slepe wil not learne the things that are excellent or else seeke to reproue others that bend themselues that waye Which men whereas I might more straightly stop their mouths shortly send theÌ„ packing either eased or pleased in vouching that it is much better to reade the Scriptures than to gape so greedily after the encreasing and hourding vp of riches I will content my selfe onelye in saying this whiche I maye obtaine euen before a moste incompetent Iudge namely that my vocation from labor and quiet solitarinesse of mind is more pleasant vnto me than al other solemnities whatsoeuer Hitherto Hierome Where if so be nowe it belongeth to mans duetie to loue and learne the words of God declared at large in the holy Scriptures forasmuche as we haue giuen vnto vs of God the power and vse of speaking howe muche more ought we wholly to be addicted vnto them which professe our selues to be ChristiaÌ„s For truly how honorable the name of Christian is and what thinges it putteth vs in minde of it shoulde be good for vs oftentimes and déepely in minde to consider He that nameth a Christian comprehendeth in one worde whatsoeuer maye be added to the dignity of a man He that nameth a Christian vnderstandeth a man to be of the number of those whome God himselfe hath pronounced to be a chosen generation a kingly Priesthoode a holy Nation a people freely purchased Exod 19.1 Pet. 2. He that nameth a Christian signifieth a man to be choseÌ„ of God the father before the foundations of the worlde were layed to bée deliuered by the son of God Iesus Christ out of most miserable captiuitie and out of the bondage of most cruell Tirants the Diuel Sinne and Death to be regenerate by the holy Ghost into the Churche of CHRISTE to bée adorned wyth newe Righteousnesse wyth Fayth Loue and other vertues and spirituall graces vnto whome lastely is appointetd prayse and immortall glorie and also eternall felicitie bothe of bodye and soule bringing with it more bountifull and large benefites than the eie of anye man can sée the eare heare or the hart be able to conceiue Ephes 1. Rom. 8. Esay 64.1 Corinth 2. Suche and so greate is the excellencie of a Christian man But whence I praye you taketh a Christian this name Thou wilt say I am sure of CHRIST Act. 11. But howe then commeth a Christian man by those incomparable benefites and by euerlasting blessednesse Forsooth euen by the knowlege of GOD the father and of his sonne oure sauiour IESVS CHRIST This is eternall life saith our sauiour Christe Ioan. 17. To knowe thee the onely true GOD and Iesus Christe whome thou haste sente And Peter Act. 4. saith There is no other name giuen vnto men vnder Heauen wherein wee can bee saued but onely the name of Iesus Christe Paule in like maner 1. Corinth 1. saith CHRIST became vnto vs the wisedome of GOD and righteousnesse and sanctification and redemption But there is no maÌ„ that can distinctly and without ambiguitie know GOD the father or his sonne Iesus Christe the authour and beginner of Christianitie oute of that former booke Concerning the nature of things or out of anye inuentions of mans wisedome whatsoeuer but onely and alone by the reading of the holy Scripture reuealed from aboue Whiche thing to be true oure Sauioure Christe himselfe testifyeth Ioan. 5 saying Search the Scriptures for they are they that testifye of mee And to the intents the sonne oure Sauioure might be the better knowen of his Disciples he interpreteth many places of the Scriptures as touching his owne person The like did the Apostles also and Euangelistes with greate diligence Therefore whosoeuer he be that desireth to be saluted by the name of a Christian and to be accounted among those that knowe Christe and that looke for saluation promised in Christe him truely it standeth vppon to acquainte himselfe with the holy Scriptures and to make them as familiar vnto him as is possible As no manne can make the Iewes beléeue that he is of the Iewish secte which holdeth none of the traditions of their Thalmud and as the Turkes will receiue none for a worshipper of Mahomet that cannot alleage at the leaste some of his decrées oute of their Alcoran â—o is it not likely that he in good earnest and from his hearte shoulde be a Christian that cannot in some measure oute of the bookes of the Prophets and Apostles declare who Christe is and what inestimable benefites he hathe purchased to mankinde For in verie
behoofe of many ages and to be short turne thē into diuers and sundry languages and finally transport them ouer withoute any businesse into Countreys and Prouinces both farre and néere This most holesome purpose and aduise therefore accomplished by the wonderfull prouidence of God and taken in hand for our incomparable benefite that man vndoubtedly séemeth ouermalapartly to despise that maketh not accompte of the Bookes of holy Scripture as he ought to doe and so refuseth eyther to reade them or heare them But as oft as I call to remembrance the diligence of the auntiente Fathers whiche liued long before the Bookes were published by GODS commandement and againe consider the great sloth and sluggishnesse of the people of our time verily I am vehementlye moued in mind and do in a maner whollie quake for feare Neyther doe I sée by what force of spéeche or with what thundering words so great dulnesse may I say of ours or malice or rather both ioyned togither can sufficientlie bée dashed and ouerthrowen The very first maysters and teachers of our Religion whiche were Adam and suche as liued in his time conceyued the diuine misteries alonely by the instiction of the holy GHOSTE and of them were other immediately taught by a liuely expressed voyce who agayne by a long continuance of time as it were from hand to hand louingly imparted the same vnto others and so whereas they had all of them but memorie onely in stead of Bookes they neuerthelesse for the space of many hundred yeares kept and reteyned in their families doctrine polluted with no maner of blemishes or defilements at all So feruente a care was in them of Religion so greate constancie faithfulnesse consent and diligence both in learning and teaching But as for vs we haue Bookes wherein wée may reade the selfesame doctrine both cléerely and purely expressed We haue Bookes Printed and put forth in the very same tong that those auntiente Fathers spake in we haue Bookes most faithfully translated into sundry languages we haue the Bookes not only of Moses and the other Prophets but also of the Apostles and Euangelistes wherof the one sort were vtterly vnknowen to all that went before Moses the other sort altogyther vnheard of as many as were before CHRISTES incarnation we haue Bookes that doe most plenteously and wyth incredible perspicuitie declare whatsoeuer is necessarie to our saluation we haue Bookes in all places and at all times most easie with little cost in such readinesse and yet notwithstanding this most excellente and soueraigne benefite of Bookes wherewith GOD hath enriched and after a sort blessed vs before an innumerable multitude of our holy auncesters we do in no wise worthelie weigh and cōsider yea verily as though we neyther euer heard of them at any time nor yet saw them we doe wyth deafe eares and blinde eyes passe ouer many great commodities we lette slippe from vs manyfolde occasion of profiting we suffer sincere doctrine to shrinke and fall downe to the grounde And finally which the very vnworthinesse of the thing compelleth me to adde a number but suche as are Christians onely in name doe vtterly contemne all Religion scoffe at it speake againste it and euen by all possible meanes trample it vnder their féete O strange ingratitude oh monstrous malice oh wickednesse worthy of GODS hastned vengeance But what shall we thinke a great number of vs would do if so be we had no Bookes of holy Scripture at all verily I beléeue we would not so muche as thinke of GOD or of any thing belonging vnto GOD all our life long neyther should we liue in any better estate than that wretched Nabuchadnezar who as we may reade in Daniel 4. kepte companye for certayne yeares with brute Beastes was depriued of reason and vnderstanding wente groueling vppon the ground and susteyned himselfe with fodder and grasse But why doe we not at the length rouze vp our selues lay to oure eares open our eyes by the example of the said Nabuchadnezar and lift them vp to heauen that being restored to our right mind we may more attentiuelie behold the greatnesse of the benefite whereby GOD hathe enriched vs with the Bookes of holy Scripture and being stirred vp and enlightened with the reading of them may prayse him giue him thanks glorifye him to be short may religiously vse and enioy the same holye Bookes to all those endes and purposes where vnto it is euident GOD so ordeyning they are written and putte 〈◊〉 Now it may be that some subtill trifeler séeking the defence as well of his owne as of others slouthfulnesse and coueting to vndermine the felicitie of the faithfull will make exceptions and say that the commandement of God whiche a little before was recited out of Deuteronomie perteyned only to the Iewes and dothe in no case bind the Christiās to the obseruation of it but such are in no wise to be heard or hearkned vnto for why no man is ignorant that of the precepts of the law whereof some are Morall some Ceremoniall and other some Iudiciall the two later kindes onely are abrogate for the one kind conteyned nothing else than types and shadows of things afterward to be accōplished by CHRIST Heb. 10. the other was giuen peculiarly to the nation for the framing and well ordering of their common weale Wherfore seing all things lōg agone shadowed in rites and Ceremonies are now throughly perfited finished by CHRIST and séeyng againe that their whole common wealth is vtterlie subuerted and ouerthrowen it followeth that those two kindes of lawes likewise are vtterly repealed and taken away It remayneth then that the preceptes of the firste sort or kinde I meane as touching maners are yet still in force and common to all as well Christians as Iewes But that in these or within the compasse of these commandements ought to be placed that which we alleadged before out of Deuteronomie who can denye yea and whatsoeuer is auaileable to the declaration of oure Faith in GOD and the loue toward our neyghbour and briefely to the framing of a godly and vnblamable life that whether it be found discussed in the Bookes eyther of the old or newe Testament let euery Christian man knowe assuredly to belong also to himselfe to the intente he shoulde whollie kéepe and obserue the same But nowe dothe our Sauiour CHRIST himselfe repeate the selfesame commaundemente and will haue it for euer ratifyed and established whilest in the fifth of Iohn he commandeth vs to Search the Scriptures which do paynte him forth in their couloures and declare hym to be the Sauiour and protector of mankinde Whyche words if a man would contend that they were vttered onely to the Iewes and therefore alleadge that they agrée not vnto Christians that man as Saincte Augustine doth learnedly gather entreating De verbis Domini sermone 45. might as wel saye that he woulde neyther knowe Christe nor be acknowledged of CHRISTE Wherefore Saint Peter dealing as an interpreter
of that commaundemente speaketh thus vnto all Christians We haue sayeth he a most sure worde of the Prophets to the which ye do well that ye take heede as vnto a light that shineth in a darke place vntil the day dawne and the day Starre arise in your hearts And the holye Apostle Paule commaundeth exhorteth and leaueth nothing vnattempted whereby he might allure all men to loue and frequent the wrytings of the Prophetes and Apostles Colossi 3. Let the worde of Christe sayeth he dwel in you plentifully with all wisdome and teach and admonishe one another Last of all what things soeuer do offer themselues in the New Testament to the commendation of the holy Scripture or worde of GOD the same oughte to be taken of vs as preceptes and exhortations inuiting vs to the readyng of the sacred bookes Therefore it behoueth vs patientlye to heare GOD the Father speakyng in the olde Testamente CHRIST hys sonne Peter Paule and so manye as followe theyr steppes speakyng in the Newe and as for all false deceyuers and Sophysters perswading the contrarye lette them departe farre off and for euer from the fellowshippe and societye of the Godlye To followe the aduice of wyse and honeste councellours and according to theyr councels to searche and examyne the lawe of the Lorde that is to saye the holye Scriptures with suche diligence and deuotion as is requisite is a point of very great wisdome Prouerbs 2.4 Ieremie 9. But wyth what alacritie and chearefulnesse of minde all true Christians haue euen from the begynnyng obeyed the Apostles so greatelye vrgyng the studye of the holye Scriptures and wyth what great feruencie all haue endeauoured to reade the Diuine mysteries the Historye of the Apostles Actes doâ—th sufficientlye declare The noble menne of Berea among those that were it Thessalonica when they had receyued the word with all readinesse of minde searched the scriptures dayly coueting to trie whether the things whyche they heard of the Apostles were so or no. Act. 17.11 The example of the men of Berea admonisheth vs that it is not ynough for vs to heare Sermons coÌ„tinually in publike assemblies but also verye necessarye duely to discusse examine priuately with our selues all the things whiche we haue hearde to the intente we may become the more sure and certaine of our religion This tryal and examination of doctrine is accomplished by comparing togither of diuerse places out of the holy Scriptures in which it behoueth vs so long time to be occupyed vntill we may plainely perceyue whether the things that are spoken of the teacher or of any other doe agrée with the places of Scripture or no. The Doctrine that men vse to put forth deserueth not to be accounted for sounde and Catholike excepte it be aunswearable to the rule and squire of the Prophetical and Apostolike writings And this manner of discerning in times paste was common to all hearers and besides there was receyued in euerye Churche well neare a certaine publike forme and patterne thereof For proofe whereof make the words of the Apostle 1 Corin. 14. where he saith As oft as yee come togither euery one of you hath a song hath a doctrine hath a tongue hath a reuelation hath an interpretation let all things be done to edifying And a little after Let two or three of the Prophetes speake and let the residewe determyne Further if anye thing be reuealed to another that sitteth by let the firste holde hys peace For ye maye all seuerally prophecie that all may learne and all receyue comforte and the spirites of the Prophetes are subiect to the Prophetes And againe 1. Thessa. 4. he sayeth Quench not the Spirite despise not prophesiying Trye all things holde that which is good Some therefore doe priuately to theyr owne comforte and instruction determine of prophesies and discerne the true and natiue sense from the false and counterfayte othersome whiche especiallye doe excell others in iudgement and giftes of the spirite are required euen in publike meetings that they woulde louinglye declare theyr minde as touching the doctine put forth And vndoubtedly those only can readily and fruitefullye wyth commendation do any thing in this behalfe the haue exercised theÌ„selues at home with coÌ„tinual reading of the scriptures The Apostle moreouer in the same place to the Corin. addeth another coÌ„maundement as concerning the duety of husbands But if the women will learne any thing Let theÌ„ aske sayth he their husbandes at home To the wife therfore demanding a question it behoueth the husbande to make answere render a reason out of the Scriptures euen in like case as euery Prophet or preacher doth wheÌ„ he is questioned with of manye in open publike place Neyther did the goodmaÌ„ of the house in those days performe this duetie alonlye to his wife but also to all his householde of what age or condition soeuer they were especially when there was good hope the so many as should bée instructed in the word of GOD might be made modest sober vigilant much more faithful diligent in doing of their businesse afterward than they were before It is euident also that parentes did then nouzel and instructe euen their tender little ones in the principles of godlynesse Christian religion Continue thou saith the Apostle in the 3. Chap. of his 2. epist. to Timothy in the things which thou hast learned which are committed vnto thee knowing of whoÌ„ thou hast learned theÌ„ that thou hast known the holy scriptures of a child And in the 1. Chap. of his 1. Epi. he putteth Timothy in remeÌ„braunce that he had receiued examples of Faith and godlynesse of life of his mother Eunica and of his grandmother Lois Neither ought any man to maruayle when we saye that all the beléeuers in that age did bothe often and exactlye reade the holye Scriptures and also greatly profitte by readyng of them For as Peter in hys Sermon Actes 2. truelye interpreteth that whyche was long before spoken of the Prophete Ioel it behoued that the same Prophesie shoulde then be fulfilled and that the holy Ghoste being powred into the heartes of a greate number should by and by so instruct them as that they might loue and imbrace the holye Scriptures try and examine them and finally with wonderfull dexteritie expounde and declare the meaning of them whiche benefite was afterwarde made common to all the Godlye but chiefely to those that feruentlye faithfullye and wythout staggering craued true and perfitte Wisdome of GOD the father of lightes as the Apostle saint Iames saith For it behoueth the promise of of GOD to be firme immutable which is extant in the Prophetes and wonderfully commended of CHRIST They shall all sayth he be taught of GOD. And The godlye are annointed of the holy Ghost Esay 54 Iere. 31. Iohn 6.1 Ioan. 2. Hebr. 8. Wherefore Chrisostome vpon Genesis homelie 35 is bold to say That it cannot bee that he which with greate care and feruent desire
giueth himselfe to the reading of the holy Scriptures should alwayes be neglected or go without fruite for as much as albeit wee are destitute of mans direction yet the Lorde himselfe comming downe into our heartes from aboue doeth illuminate our minde lighteneth our reason reuealeth the things that are hidden and becommeth a teacher of those things that we know not so as we only will bring with vs such things as we haue Cal no mā maister sayth he vpon earth Whensoeuer therefore wee take into our handes the booke of life let vs casting aside all worldly care bridle our affections and restrayning our minde that it wander not hither and thither let vs with great deuotion and attentiuenesse apply our selues to reading that so we may be guyded by the holy ghost to the true vnderstanding of the Scriptures and receyue therby much fruite Thus much Chrisostome But what doe I stande in recompting the Christians of that age A number of the Gentiles who had neyther oute of the Lawe nor oute of the Gospell anye knowledge at all of Christe gaue themselues in those dayes to the reading of the holy bookes All of them in generall were of opinion that this care especiallye became them whosoeuer at leaste were anye thing at all desirous of honesty and their own welfare The Eunuch Lieutenaunte of Caudace Quéene of the Ethiopians hauing as it is verie likely not hearde any thing as yet of CHRIST passed his tyme not onely at home when his leysure serued hym but also when he trauailed abroade and was throwen to and fro with the iotting of his Chariot in reading of the Prophet Esay Act. 8. Whiche diligence and godly disposition was so wel liked of GOD oure heauenly father who euermore beholdeth from aboue all oure studies and actions that he sente forthwith vnto hym in verye good season Philippe the Apostle that hée shoulde open vnto hym the harde places and sette downe a compendious summe of tree Religion of and concerning CHRIST his sonne Neither is it to be doubted but that GOD woulde haue the Bookes of holy Scripture long before translated out of the Hebrewe tongue into the Gréeke to the intente they mighte afterwarde be read not onely of the Iewes whiche vnderstoode the Hebrewe speache alone but also of the Gretians that is of all mortall men whatsoeuer For why that vnder the names of Iewes and Gretians all mankinde is ofte tymes comprehended wée maye learne oute of the Apostle in more than one place or two Romaines 1.2.3.10 1. Corinth 1. Galathians 5. And that the Gréeke tongue was in the Apostles time euerie where knowen and muche sette by the Historiographers doe not obscurely declare All Asia for the moste parte sounded the Greeke hauing long before felte the force of Gréekish conquerours and in the selfe same Country the Iewes loathing as a man woulde saye their Hebrews language wrote and compiled bookes in the Gréeke stile as Iosephus Philo and others In Affrica the cunninger that euerie one was in the Gréeke the excellenter he was compted as bothe the Schoole and Librarie of Alexandria doe testifye in Europe ouer and besides that a number of Gréekes doe inhabite and dwell euen Italy also and Rome it selfe as being verye ambitious and not contented with the furniture of hir owne Countrey speach hath maintained as Strabo reporteth lib. 4. verye manye Gretians and brought foorth suche as haue written whole bookes and Commentaries in Gréeke So farre foorthe that a man might well saye that the Athenienses are frée Denizens at Rome But in very déede howe muche more we maruaile at and as méete it is extoll the diligence and industrie as well of the Christians as of the Gentiles of that age in reading the bookes of holy Scripture which were found written alonely in the Hebrewe and Gréeke tongue so muche the more vehemently ought we openly in the sight of all men to deteste and abandon the greate slouth and negligence of the people of oure dayes For leaste that any man should pretend that by reason of his ignorance in the Gréeke or Hebrewe tongue he is letted front reading the holy Scriptures We haue all the Bookes of holy Scripture extant in the Latine tongue which is vsed and frequented of a greate number no lesse happilye than faithfully expressed and that of diuers and the same moste learned Interpreters which Saint Augustine reporteth also of his time entreating De Doctrina Christiana lib. 2. Cap. 5. And not onely in the Latine tongue but in others also which in times past were accompted not without contempte barbarous and vnciuill yea and there is in a maner no coaste or prouince in the whole worlde in whiche maye not be found the holy Bible turned into the same Countrey language The Italians Germaines Frenchemen Spaniards likewise Britaines Danes Rutters Polonians Swezians Slauoniās to be short all other Christians whatsoeuer haue among them to be solde and may easily come by the olde and newe Testament translated into the selfe same phrase and language that they themselues doe vnderstand Therefore like as the Apostle acknowledgeth and giueth thankes vnto God for his incomparable benefite whereby he spake with many tongs 1. Corinth 14. so is it méete requisite likewise that Christians be thankefull vnto God to euerie of whome it is graunted in their owne proper and peculiar tong to reade the holy and sacred Scriptures This onelye we oughte to be carefull for namely that we bée not founde slacke and slouthful in reading When oure Lorde Iesus Christe shal come at the laste day to iudgement peraduenture some of the Gentiles that liued in the Apostles time will goe aboute to excuse themselues that in those dayes were extant onely the Copies of the Gréekes tongue alone oute of whiche they shoulde haue learned by reading the doctrine of the Law and the Gospell But who will auouche that that excuse shall goe for payment That dare no manne doe as I thinke Then what shall become of the men of oure time that doe beholde the selfe same doctrine expressed in so manye tongues at this daye and yet do not care for it but reiect and abandon it Truely I am afraide that there will be lefte vnto them no manner of pretence at all whereby they maye cleare or defende themselues Where if so be we imagine that it will come to passe by some prerogatiue or straunge priuiledge that wée alone withoute the reading and knowledge of Gods word shal in time to come be memored with the faithful we are far wide as they say do vtterly deceiue our selues without Christ there is no passage for any mā into Heauen forasmuch as he is the dore the waye the truth and the life but the way to Christe the Scripture it selfe pointeth forth as it were with the finger For truly is it said of Hierom in his preface to the first booke of his cōmentaries vpon Esai To be without the knowledge of the Scriptures is to be without the
togither let vs giue good heede to the things that are read that hauing reaped the greater fruite thereby we maye so depart And not much after he addeth That wee oughte so to giue our selues to the studies of holye Scripture as that we maye haue things not only sufficient for our owne vse but what also wee maye minister vnto others as well sayth he in reforming of our wiues children and seruants as also of our neyghbours friends and enimies For such is the nature of spiritual doctrines that they may be propounded in common to al there is no diuersitie in them except it be when one bringeth a minde more attentiuely bente than another and whē one surmounteth another with a more feruente desire c. Neyther can I ouerpasse the chiding speache or expostulation that the same holye father in his thirtéenth Homily vppon the Gospell of Iohn sometyme vsed although it be somewhat long and tedious Let vs blushe sayeth he and be ashamed the woman that had had fiue husbandes and was a Samaritane vseth so greate diligēce in learning that shee coulde neyther in the time of the daye nor by any other lettes or occasions be withdrawn from the doctrine of Iesus Whereas wee doe not onlye not enquire after any thyng that might tende to oure instruction in heauenly things but also are verye carelesse in all thynges and alwayes like affected and therefore passe for no manner of thyng that good is Which of vs I praye you when hee commeth home taketh in hande anye worke worthy of a Christian who searcheth for the meaning of the Scriptures None truely but as for dice and tables we finde them commonly bookes verye seldome which yet if any haue they keepe as though they hadde them not close in theyr Coffers or else all theyr studye consistes in setting forth the leaues and couers and in making the letters beautifull to the eye not to the intent to reade them neyther to gette any profite by them but to vaunte of their riches to shewe their ambition therefore studye they in them So greate is their vaine glorie I heare of no ambitious person that vnderstandeth his booke but hee is in loue onely with the glittering glose of the golden letters What gaine call yee this I beseeche you The Scriptures are not therefore giuen vs that we should haue them in bookes alone but that we shoulde engraue them in our heartes Therefore this outwarde possession of bookes is a token of the ambitiousnesse of the Iewes to whom the commaundemēts were giuen in letters to vs are they not so giuen but in fleshly tables of the heart Howbeit I forbidde no manne to buye bookes but I admonishe and with all my heart desire that we may buye them yet so as we maye oft times ponder both the letters and their meanings in our mindes and by thys meanes haue a pure minde wrought within vs For if in what house so euer the Gospell be there the Diuel dare not enter then how muche lesse power shall the Diuell or Sinne haue ouer that soule that is acquainted with it by continuall readings Sanctify therefore they soule san̄ctifye thy body this shall come to passe if thou haue alwayes the Gospell both in thy heart and tongue Where if the filthinesse of thy tong defyleth the soule if it call vppon Diuels it is euident that by spirituall reading the same is sanctified and the grace of the holy Ghost abundantly powred into it The Scriptures be as it were diuine charmes From them let vs fetch a remedy for our griefe for the maladies of our soule the vtilitie wherof if we would consider we should with attentiuenes apply oure study in them These things I oftentimes touch Is it not a thing very preposterous that common market menne shoulde beare in minde the names of Cartars and Dauncers their kinds countreis actions maners and tell likewise of the prowesse of horses and what euerye one coulde doe and they that come hither goe their wayes knowing nothing at all no not so muche as the number of the holy Bookes Thus muche hath this most excellent Preacher questionlesse in that place who in other places also ofte times singeth the selfe same song as in verye déede that song is neuer thoughte to be oute of season whych is acceptable to the eares of all men especiallye of suche as are skilfull in Musicke and is of it selfe verye swéete and delectable for in his two and fiftith Homilie vppon Iohn he againe wisheth all men to haue the Bookes of holye Scripture in their houses and diligentlye to peruse them throughe In hys fourtéenth Homilie hée requireth greate diligence to be bestowed in searching of the Scriptures And euerye where in the beginnings of hys Sermons and likewise in the latter endes or perorations hée entreateth of the manifolde vse of the Scriptures Vppon whyche occasion hée eftesoones vrgeth requyreth enforceth and pricketh forwarde all menne that whensoeuer oportunitie shall serue they woulde as well at home as abroade conferre togither of the doctrine of godlynesse that they would as touching doubtfull places both aske the opinion of others and also now and then shew their owne iudgement that they would draw this practise as a custome and perpetually kéepe it in vre But what if yée shoude haue hearde Chrysostome himselfe vttering his owne words for let it be lawfull to me I beséeche you to vsurpe the selfesame words of this mā that Aeschines sometimes did of Demosthenes whome he enuied onely for desire of glorie Albeit we haue this priuiledge after a sort graunted vnto vs euen to heare hym also whylest the things whiche he moste swéetely pronounced in the chiefe Citie and seate of a most mightye Empire we may reade in Authētical writing published throughout the whole worlde euen in like sorte as the edictes and proclamations of kings and princes are out of one notable place heard a farre off and take effect in all prouinces But least any man shoulde suppose that the Gréeke writers and Doctours of the East Churches whome otherewise some affirme let them sée with what iudgemēt and with what right they speake it to disagrée and erre in many things from the Latines and west Churches were only and altogither of this minde heare I beséech you likewise the voyces of the Latine writers as touching the selfe same cause What accompt makest thou of Hierom what of Augustine Thou grauntest them I am sure to be of the number of the chiefe and principall Diuines Then marke what Hierome hathe noted vppon those wordes of the second Epistle to the Corinthians the thirtéenth Chapter Laste of al my brethren fare yee well bee perfect be of good comforte It is to be noted sayth he that writing to the whole Churche he telleth them they oughte to be perfite and that the Laitie ought one to exhort an other Again vpon those words of Paule to the Colossians Cap. 3. Let the word of Christ dwel in you Here it is shewed that
thy mind this taske perform thou to thy Lorde and mayster Neither giue thy members to reste before thou haste filled the hamper of thy breaste with this oufe And not contented with this diligence he willeth widowes oftentimes to reade the commentaries of learned men to aske counsell of learned men After the holy Scriptures sayeth he reade the treatises of learned men of those especiallye whose faythe is known Thou hast neede to seeke gold in clay with many precious stones purchase one pearle Stande vpright as Ieremy sayth in many wayes that thou mayst come to that way that leadeth vnto peace Transferre the loue of collers iewels and silken garments to the knowlege of the holy Scriptures Againe Thou hast Exuperius of an approued age and Fayth which may oftimes enstruct thee with his godly admonitions He commēdeth moreouer Furiaes sister for hir exquisite knowlege in the holy Scriptures O that thou sawest sayth he thy sister mightest but heare face to face the sweete eloquence of hir sacred mouth thou shouldest see in a litle body what wonderfull courage of minde there were Thou shouldest heare the plentifull furniture of the olde and newe Testament to flame out of hir heart What a number of Epistles furthermore doeth the same Ierome wryte to diuerse virgins and matrones and the same stuffed with manifolde doctrine of godlynesse with sundry places of Scripture expounded and declared and with many pretye knottes and questions dissolued and loosed He wryteth to Laeta to Demetriades to Saluina to Furia to Geruntia the widowe to Celantia to Mercella to Principia the virgin to Eustochium to Paula to Theodora to Brisilla to Castorina to Nitia to Asella to Sunia to Fretela to Hedibidia to Algasia to Vrbica What maye be sayde of thys moreouer that he dedicateth certaine of his workes wherein he expoundeth many of the bookes of holy Scripture to Paula to Eustochium and Marcella and rendereth a reason of this his doing in his preface to Sophony the Prophete And in all these to whō he writeth he alwayes for the moste parte either prayseth or accounteth prayse worthy partly their loue and study of the holy Scriptures partlye their knowledge and vnderstandyng or whyche is leaste of all to the intent they myghte endeauour to bring to passe somethyng worthye of commendation in perceyuing the doctrine of religion hée both beséecheth them by commaūdyng and commaundeth them by beséeching In many other places besides when occasion serueth he handleth the selfsame cause In the proeme of his thirde booke of Commentaries vpon the Epistle to the Ephesians and euen incontinentlye in the enarration it selfe againe in the tenth Chapter of Ecclesiastes he saith that al ought to get wisedome by dayly reading of the Scriptures and to meditate without ceassing in the Lawe of the Lorde In his exposition of the firste Chapter of the Epistle to Titus he blameth them whyche doe contemne those that are studious of holye learning as vnprofitable and vaine But that is very worthy the noting and properly to be vnderstanded of our times whyche in the end of his Commentarie vpon Nahum the Prophete he sayth woulde come to passe namely that aboute the comming of Christ to execute iudgement the people euery where shoulde flocke togither to learne the holye Scriptures Now then that the comming of Christ is euen at hand it is forsooth more certaine and sure than that it is lawfull for any man to doubt Furthermore frō Ierome disagréeth not Au. thē who for the defence of sound doctrine against the treacheries of Heretickes no man hath sustayned more paineful labours He therefore writing to volusianus in his Epistle 3 auoucheth that the Scriptures are to be redde not only of the learned but also of the vnlearned and euen of all sortes of men whatsoeuer For why it was prouided by GOD that the holy Oracles should be written in a simple and playne kynde of speache leaste anye manne should pretende that hee vnderstoode nothing in them The very phrase of speaking saith he wherein the holy Scripture is indited albeit it be easie vnto al yet are very fewe able to pierce into it the thinges that are apparant are as a familiar friend speaking without guile to the hearte as well of the learned as vnlearned But those thinges whiche the holy Ghost wrappeth in misteries neyther doeth hee lyfte vp with proude eloquence anye otherwise than euen the drooping and vnlearned soule may be bold to approch as a poore man to a ritche but he inuiteth al men with his lowly maner of speeche whome hee doth not onelye feede with manifest truth but also exercise in secrete veritie being of like nature in things easie as he is in things hidden But least the things that are open plaine should breed contempt the same again are hiddē to the end they should be longed after being longed after should after a sort be renued being renued should sweetely be embraced Hereby are bothe crabbed wits holsomly corrected small wits norished great wits delighted That mind is an enimy to this doctrine that either throgh error knoweth it not to be most holsome or in being sicke hateth to bee healed Thus much in the place It is thoght also the some of the fathers did of a set purpose put forth certaine of their workes in a homely kind of stile to the intent euery one euen among the common sorte and vnlearned artificers vnto whome notwithstanding the Latine tongue was at that time euerye where familiar howbeit somewhat corrupted might the more willingly peruse them ouer and all both learned and vnlearned enioye in common togither the commodities of godly doctrine As touching whych matter D. Erasmus Roterodamus as moste sharpe and seuere Iudge if euer there were anye of an other mans stile in writing hathe discoursed at large in an Epistle whyche hée prefixed before the Commentaries of Arnobius vppon all the Psalmes The same man where hée sheweth his iudgement as touching sundrye bookes of Saint Augustines admonisheth that there is a booke extant of the maners of the Catholike Church compiled and written by Saint Augustine in a wonderfull elegant stile but in that whiche followeth as concerning the maners of the Mainchees that the forme of spéech is debaced to the capacitie and vnderstanding of the vulgare people Thou wouldest suppose that it were not the same Authors but Charitie whereby they acknowledge themselues with the Apostle to be debtors both to the learned and vnlearned Rom. 1. couet indifferently to prouide for all men alike enforceth them to vse diuers and sundrye kindes of speaking But that we may retourne to the iudgement of Saint Augustine as touching the reading of the holye Scriptures he in the seconde booke and. 38. Chapter of his Retractations testifyeth that Laie men studious of the diuine Oracles had sent vnto him certaine writings concerning the doctrine of Religion and that the againe as was méete and conuenient had made aunswere vnto them
Vppon whiche occasion hée affirmeth that his worke De fide operibus tooke the beginning And that in those dayes the Laitie was accustomed of their owne accorde to handle the holy Scriptures that they had scarce anye néede of admonitions this may be a proofe suffcient that Augustine like as Hierome also before hym was often tymes â—nen of Virgins and women not only louers of the holy Scriptures but also expert in them earnestly called vpon by letters to resolue them in certaine doubtes and that for their sakes he one while declared hard and perplexed questions whiche they didde putte sooth an otherwhile did some other thing to prouoke and help forwarde the study of godlinesse Reade hys Epistles to Paulina Demetriades Fabiola Felicia Prota 〈◊〉 Edith Florentina a mayde and Maxima a widowe of Italy In his seconde Booke De anima â—â—â—â—igme hee telleth of one Peter an olde Prieste that he learned manye things of a young man of the Laitie and that hée reioyced excéedingly and gaue harty thanks vnto GOD therefore Seing then that by these and such like reasons S. Augustine witnesseth abundantlye that the studye of holy Scripture was in his tyme verye common and familiar among men and that the people of al sorts sexes and ages were able then godlye and expressely bothe to question and make aunswere as touching the affayres of religion it should be superfluous to enterlace in these our wrytings the exhortations to the same study whyche are to be founde in his workes verye frequent and forceable Verily out of one onely Sermon which is entituled Of the study of Wisdome meditation of Gods lawe as out of one bed I will gather certaine floures whereby euery manne maye easily coniecture what maner of posies of the same sorte are to be founde in the rest of hys Sermons We haue yet saith he a good comfort in reding the holy Scripturs bicause the reding of the holy Scripturs is no small foreknowlege of the diuine blessednesse For in them as in a certaine glasse a man maye consider of himselfe what hee is or whether he goeth Continuall reading purifyeth all things it causeth feare of hel sire it stirreth vp the heart of the reader to long after heauenly ioyes Hee that will alwayes be with GOD ought often to pray and reade For when we praye wee talke with GOD and when we read GOD talketh with vs The reading of the holy Scriptures bringeth with it a double commoditie either for that it instructeth the vnderstanding of the soule or bycause it leadeth a man froÌ„ the vanities of the world to the loue of GOD the labour bestowed in reading is commendable auayleth much to the clensing of the minde For like as the flesh is nourished with carnal meates so is the inner man nourished and fed with the diuine Oracles of GOD as sayeth the Psalmest How sweet are thy testimonies to my mouth oh Lord yea they are sweeter than hony and the honye combe But he is moste blessed of all that so readeth the holy scriptures as he turneth them into practise Hitherto hée Soothly these words are well worthy to be written of the godly in golden letters and to be painted in those bookes whych they dayly beare about them to the intente they maye oftentimes learne exactly to weygh and consider euery one of them Saint Ambrose whom whilest he liued S. Augustine most willingly hearde and reuerenced with all dutifulnesse in his Sermon 35 entituled Of the fasting of the Lord in the desert and that man liueth not by bread only againe where he expoundeth Psal. 118. in his SermoÌ„ 21. exhorteth al the faithful to the diligent reading of the Scriptures and in his booke of Offices Chapter 22. hée sayeth That our wordes and communications oughte chiefely to bee framed of the Scriptures We myghte moreouer call to remembraunce the notable sayings of other famous men as touching this matter but I feare me least these which we haste noted already may séeme to be ouer manye and too too tedious to the queysie stomackes of some How beit I could doe no lesse but out of those most excellent authours describe some things euen word for word and that partly to the intent we myght testifye to the world that we with all faithful sincerity and according to the iudgements of most holy men doe handle this cause partely to the ende we might stoppe the mouthes of some arrogant persons whiche as soone as they perceyue a man to differ from them in opinion do grinne by and by exclayme without measure and accuse him of heresie not considering in the meane time that whilest they condemne vs they condemne likewise the most excellent and antientest diuines whose voyces haue now bene heard But sithence they haue thus defined determined the were of all other in a maner as the coÌ„moÌ„ schoolemasters and teachers I meane Origen Chrisostome Hierome Augustine Ambrose it cannot be doubtfull to no man that all their Scholers in like manner maintained the selfe same opinion and wheresoeuer they became with incredible diligence commanded it and set it forth For that a gentle and discréete Disciple shoulde vary and disagrée from his faithfull Schoolemayster professing the truth is a thing verye rare or at leaste verye vncomely and vnciuill And vndoubtedly their Epistles written to Laye menne of diuers nations likewise vnto Virgins matrones widowes in al prouinces where they dwelte doe declare that there were a great number that applied themselues lustily to the reading fo the holye Scriptures Certes Hierome writing to Sunia and Fretela proueth that in Germany and eueÌ„ among the people called Gete where they inabited the common opinion is that the Getes towarde the North possessed the bancke of the riuer Fistula and Suedeland with the Marchesse adioyning wherein of the name of Getes came the Gothes the couetrey of Gothlande to bée so called to this daye the study of the holy Scriptures and likewise of the Gréeke and especiallye the Hebrewe tongues was at that time muche made of and highly estéemed Who would beleeue this sayth hée that the barbarous tonged Getes shoulde seeke after the trueth of the Hebrewe and that whilest the Greekes slepte naye rather laboured to the contrarye Germany woulde searche out the oracles of the holy Ghoste O good God what a Worlde was that wherein the Laitie bothe men and women were founde euerye where skilfull in Diuine matters How swéetely didde such reason and conferre togither of the doctrine of the Lawe and the Gospell and of all the dueties of godlinesse Certes I beléeue the godly in those dayes tried among themselues moste honeste maysteries as family to be founde in which there was not eyther the maister or mistresse eyther the sonne or the daughter or at leaste wise some one or other of the householde that coulde not at appointed times reade certaine Chapters of the holy Bible and indifferently wel expounde all the profitablest places in them The holy bookes were at
the maners that nowe are vsed ioyned with so great contempâ—e of GODS worde I can hardlye I saye beléeue that they would account vs for their posteritie or take vs in anye wise for Christians So farre forth are wée all for the most part degenerated and gone out of kinde from that godly sinceritie of our elders Neither truely had Lay men and women onelye a colde and slender taste of Gods holy mysteries but a number of them went forwarde with so greate zeale and enforcement of minde in searching the holy Scriptures that by little and little they attayned to suche ripenesse that they became not onely excellently well learned themselues but also were able to teach and instructe others By profiting in the holy Scriptures by prophecie that is to saye by a learned and reuerende interpretation God will haue his Churche as by a certaine marke and peculiar token to be disseuered and discerned from the assemblies of the wicked wherfore to this marke did all the godly bothe in times past ayme and nowe oughte all to leuell to the intente they may not onely become wise prouident for themselues but also for others by admonishing I say by teaching and by what meanes soeuer they can besides Moses when it was tolde him Num. 11. that Heldad and Medad did prophecie or preache the worde of God in their tentes and some looked that he woulde haue forbidden them hée was so farre off from forbidding them that excellent office that hée rather wyth feruent desires sayde Woulde God that all the Lordes people were Prophets and that the Lorde woulde gyue hys Spirite vnto them Paule the Apostle 1. Corinth 14. in saying That all maye prophecie one by one gyueth to vnderstande that there were in olde time a greate number and that at all tymes there should be some in the Churche whiche by the benefite of the holye Ghoste shoulde be adorned with gret grace and dexteritie in teaching and for that their giftes shoulde not vanish away without fruite but rather be encreased thoroughe exercise that there should a place to teache not vnwillingly bée graunted vnto them so that nothing were done confusedly or vnaduisedly but all directed to the edifying of the Church Whosoeuer therfore were from that time forwarde but namelye enlightned with the giftes of the holye Ghoste leaste they shoulde alwayes like children craule vppon the grounde and neuer declare themselues to haue consideration of Gods benefites chéerefully and couragiouslye applyed their wittes to teache and enstructe others For therevnto it is that Saint Chrisostome laboureth to moue his hearers in his seauenth Homilie vppon Genesis whilest hée willeth them al to be of good courage and to prepare themselues to the painefull trauailes of teaching I woulde haue you sayth he yea and I beseeche you all to be in the nuÌ„ber of teachers and not only to be hearers of our sayinges but also to minister our doctrine vnto others and to seke after those that stray that they may returne into the waye of truth and as Paule saith 1. thess. 5. Exhorte yee one an other and edifye one an other and with feare and trembling worke oute youre owne saluation So it will come to passe that GOD shal encrease our number and your shall more plenteouslye bee enriched with his grace hauing greate care and consideration of youre members For in deede GOD woulde not haue a Christian man to be conteÌ„ted only with himself but that hee shoulde also edify others and that as well by doctrine as also by his life and conuersation So saith hée It is euident therefore that whilest the hearers were oftentimes pricked forward after this manner some of the Laitie what by hearing reading and friendelye conferring one with an other aspired to that degrée of Learning and Erudition that they were able as well publikely as priuately wisely to entreate as touchyng the affayres of Religion For verily to some of them it was permitted in Councelles lawfully called and before the whole assemblye of Byshoppes to dispute with the aduersaries othersome were not onely admitted to teache the people in the Churche but also verye gently inuited by the Byshoppes themselues And a greate sorte of them no doubte spedde very well and deserued no small commendation for their godlye diligenâ—e And as touching Disputations that this was founde true in the Nicene Synode Nicephorus Callistus declareth very plainelye in the eighte Booke and fourtéenth Chapiter of hys Ecclesiasticall Historie There are besides two notable examples sette forth in the Tripartite Historie the seconde Booke and thirde Chapiter the one oute of Socrates Constantinopolitanus of a certaine young manne the other oute of Sozomenus of an olde man oute of them bothe it is declared that by means of the Laitie studious of the holye Scriptures and modestly propounding certaine things the pride subtiltie of the Logitians Philosophers was wonderfully detected and beaten downe Albeit we cannot dissemble that they broughte more to passe by the excellencie of their faith and prayers than by the helpe and furtheraunce of Learning in so muche that all theyr dooyngs may séeme rather to be after a sorte miraculous than to procéede of any knowlege Furthermore as touching Laie men that haue taughte publikly in the Church there are extant in Eusebius book 6. Chap. 15. the words of Alexander Bishop of Ierusalem out of a certaine Epistle written to Demetrius Bishop of Alexandrîa I maruell saith he that in your letters you wil seme to affirme that it was neuer heard or done that Laie man shoulde dispute and expound the Scripures in the Churche when the Byshops were present when as this custome was commonly receiued that if there were found any in any place that could instruct the brethren in the Church coÌ„fort the people thei wer alwaies entreated of holy Bishops to haÌ„dle the Scriptures So was Euelpius inuited of oure brother Neon among them of Larandra and so was Paulisius of Celsus at IconiuÌ„ and Theodorus of Atticus at Synada And there is no doubte but that many other also in other places if any there were that coulde conueniently fulfill the worke of God in word and doctrine were to the selfe same end inuited of holy Byshoppes Hitherto Alexander of Ierusalem And that the same thing was euerye where drawen into a custome the councell holden in the time of S. Augustine at Carthage doeth not obscurely proue For thus we reade it enacted in the saide Councell A Laie man in the presence of Clearkes excepte they require him therevnto shall not presume to teache And this they did not for that they accompted it vnlawfull for Laie men to teache but forsomuch as a number of them were learned and alwaies fit and ready to teach they meant to prouide Firste that no manne shoulde vnaduisedly when and where he lifted and wythoute hauing regard of dutie to the Bishops or Clarks yea and peraduenture contrary to their mindes inuegled by Heretikes take vpon him to teach or preache Secondly
eueÌ„ to those that were ouercome than if we shoulde perpetuallye striue with them by the doubtefull dint of sword It falleth not out alwayes well on our sides when wée indeauor to driue away force perforce craft with craft and as it is sayde in the prouerbe one nayle with another It behoueth a wise man first to trye all things before hée fall to they hazard of battel But especially when the case concerneth the affayres of religion or the saluation of soules then of necessitie must swordes giue place to doctrine rage to reason crueltie to humanity warres to peace In the Counsell holden at Vienna a Citie of Gallia Narbonensis in the yeare 1310. it was ordeyned that in al the noblest vniuersities of Europe thâ—re should be maintained professors of the Arabicke tong whyche tongue it is certaine that the Turkes doe vse in their Ceremonies and this cannot I construe to be done for anye other cause or consideration than that our Countreymen mighte be prouided and enstructed aforehande to common and treate at one time or other with the Turkes especially in the cause of religion But it belongeth not to this place to search ouer busily how the Turkes being the sworne enimies of our religion maye be reduced to a better minde and conioyned with vs in rites and doctrine It shal be good rather to speake vnto those that do proudely challendge to themselues the surname of Christians and yet in the meane time of nothing are lesse carefull all theyr life long than of the knowledge of CHRIST out of the holy Scriptures Gladly therefore woulde I learne of you what mindes ye would be off what aduice ye woulde take if at anye time being helde Captiue vnder the yoke of the Turkes yée should be driuen to such a straight as that ye should be suffred neyther to haue any bookes nor yet to heare any Christian preachers Truely I praye vnto GOD that hée woulde vouchsafe to withholde so great a mischiefe froÌ„ the neckes of all Christians neuerthelesse séeing there is none of vs all that oughte to stande in feare of the same or not muche vnlike misfortune distresse there is good cause why euery man should at the least in thoughte consider and deuise with himselfe what he woulde doe if at any time he were in that estate Thou therefore being driuen into miserable bondage and perchaÌ„ce fast fettered in yrons if thou shouldest heare dayly villanous opprobries vomited out against the sacred name of CHRIST if thou shouldest heare al the parts of our religion to be shamefullye intreated and misused wyth tauntes and mockes if sundry arguments should dayly be obiected to carry thée away from godly sinceritie if thou shouldest continually be commpelled to sée heare and doe those things that are altogither vnméete for Christians that is to say for Godly vertuous minds tell me I pray thée how and by what meanes wouldst thou then confirme and establishe thy hearte in Faith how any by what meanes wouldest thou be comforted in the middest of so many temptations that from thy childhode neuer learnedst anye thing at all out of the Bookes of the Prophets and Apostles that mighte help thée therevnto I am sure and certayne whosoeuer will weigh and consider these things vprightely as is méete he shall be enforced to confesse that in very déede there is nothing more miserable than a Christian man oppressed and consumed in a manner wyth suche anguishes both of body and mind and all bycause he is vtterly destitute of all solace and coÌ„fort of GODS word For as muche therefore as it is very playne and euident that the diligence of Laie men in learning the holye Scriptures is verye requisite and necessarie as well to the conseruation of the succession of ministers in Churches as also most profitable and commodious to the adorning of Common Weales and to the amplifying or rather pacifying of Kingdomes and Empires Let all both Kings and Prelates not withoute good cause in a common Councell determine and declare that all Christians withoute exception of what estate or condition soeuer they be ought so long time to be instructed in the holy Scriptures as they maye atteyne at the least some indifferent knowledge of the articles of our Religion and become able after a sorte to declare the same vnto others And would to God that all good men and especially those that are in authoritie aboue the rest would sufficiently consider how necessarie it were for them oftentimes to consult and deliberate about this matter No man is ignorant how in certaine ages past Churches were possessed of vnlearned ideotes and of meÌ„ without all religion such for the most parte as haue lepped out of Kings and Bishops Courtes Pantries Buttries wrastling places banquetting houses nourceries by whose meanes the pure doctrine of the Gospell yea all the whole order of preaching hath bin vtterly banished out of holy assemblies neyther did they busie themselues about any thing else saue the stincking traditioÌ„s of men and a number of colde ceremonies whereof in some there was a great deale more superstition I had almost said sacrilege than was in times past in the fond obseruatioÌ„s of the Heathen And as for the Scholes theÌ„selues what should a maÌ„ haue found in them but vgly rudenesse holding the highest roome togither with vnsauery and yet subtill sophistrie Againe the Romaine Empire hath with shame ynough for the space of these 4. C. yeares bin thrust out of ioynt shakeÌ„ torne in sunder and the partly by the Turkes who taking occasioÌ„ by our sinnes haue purloined froÌ„ vs now these prouinces nowe those partly by Christian Princes themselues through whose vnquenchable discordes the sinewes of the Christian coÌ„mon weale haue bin cut asunder and the whole strength therof vtterly wasted and consumed to speake nothing in the meane time of a million of mischiefes broughte into Europe by the ambition pride of certain Bishops To be short such hath of loÌ„g time bin the state of things amoÌ„g Christians as we reade to haue bin amoÌ„g the Iewes when they were oppressed with the hard yoke of Ieroboam Achab Manasses the Kings of Babylon and such like for why ouer besides most cruell warres innumerable slaughters common calamities not to be named the sincere worship of the true GOD hath bin quite and cleane abolished superstitioÌ„s haue borne the greatest sway faithfull teachers haue bin flayne or thrust out of their places finally the very Bookes of holy Scripture themselues haue bin vtterly lost and rare in very déede was that man to be founde that thoughte anye better of Religion than did godlesse Diagoras For soothly so it is when it pleaseth GOD to punishe barbarous and faithlesse men he strippeth them starke naked as a man would saye and depriueth them of all power But when he determineth to punish his own those people whether they be of the Iewes or Gentiles he bereaueth them of the noble and pretious treasure of his worde whyche
prouide remedies by reading of the holye Scriptures There foloweth more to the same effect but bicause I couet to be briefe I haue thought good to omit it He entreateth also more at large touching the self same matter in his 3. homily of Lazarus the rich man. And I knowe not whether those wordes of his as they are generally spoken will satisfye all men or no. For it is a very harde matter to stoppe the mouthes of curious and obstinate men with a short and generall kinde of speach and there wyll some complaine peraduenture such especially as desire to séeme sharpe witted beyond the reste that we haue not aunswered to euerye member of theyr obiection Wherefore I suppose it wil be grately to the purpose if I deuide the obiectioÌ„ aforegoing as it were into parts and speake somwhat more exactly of euery of them in order I will graunte them therefore first and formost yea and I will recken vp many causes also for the whiche it shal be necessary that so many as haue addicted themselues to the Ecclesiasticall function shoulde before all other Christians apply their diligence to the vnderstaÌ„ding of the misteries of the holy Scriptures Secondly I wil proue very plainely that for the rest whyche they call Laitie it is by no meanes lawful to caste from them the selfe same studye but rather as it behoueth the states of men to be diuided so there is prescribed to euery one in the holye Scriptures a certaine rule of godly liuing and that those alone finally do substantially performe their dueties that haue thoroughly learned out of the same scriptures how to fear and loue GOD and howe to behaue themselues in all the actions and dealings Thirdlye I will adde to the rest certayne reasons whych maye moue the conscience of euery one to confesse that there is no man that maketh any at least to Christian Religion that can liue altogither destitute and ignorant of the Trueth and Doctrine contained in the Scriptures Whyche thyngs beyng thus once declared may stand the godly in greate steade to confute other obiections also if any chaunce to be made and put forthe Therefore they do greatly erre and abuse contrary to our meaning all that hath of vs hitherto béen said whiche suppose that any that at least-wise acknowledge themselues to be Christians are excepted from the study and reading of the holy Scriptures But of all other wée doe leaste of al exclude them that prepare themselues to the Ministery of the Church or that are alreadye conuersaunte in it For why that of these is first and chiefly required the exacte knowledge of Gods holy will I take it to be so apparante vnto all men as that it néedeth not once to bée touched of vs For who knoweth not that it is the duety of a faithfull Shéepehearde to procure all thinges that are auaileable to the féeding and preseruation of the shéepe of hys folde whether we haue regarde to the pastures or waters or shadowings or curings of diseases or defeÌ„ce against Wolues or anye suche like thing else beside and that it behoueth the father or goodman of the house to goe before all his familie in wisedome and discreation in prouiding and disposing of thinges necessary and that the Schoolemayster ought to be better learned than his Scholers and to appoint vnto them a forme or methood of Doctrine and finally that the Emperoure or Capitayne of an haste shoulde excell in warlike knowledge al hys souldyors fighting vnder his standerd Herevppon forsooth it followeth that those also which are placed ouer the Churche if they couet wholsomly to féede the mindes of the people committed to their charge carefully to gouerne them truely to teache them directly to bring them to saluation oughte to bée farre better séene in the doctrine of the holy Scriptures than any other of the common sorte If any man yet doubteth lette him beléeue God who in Leuitic 10. and in other places moe gaue commaundement to the Priestes and Leuites that they shoulde faithfully teache the people the Lawe and Statutes whyche hée had deliuered vnto them Let hym heare Malachy the Prophet in hys seconde Chapiter saying The Priestes lippes shall kepe Knowledge and they shall requyre the Lawe at hys mouth Let hym credite Christe who calleth the teachers of the Gospell the Light of the worlde and the Salte of the earth Let hym credite the Apostle Paule who woulde haue euery Bishop and Minister of the Churche to be suche a one as were Didacticos that is to say apte to teache as hadde a forme and patterne of wholesome Doctrine as coulde rightly cutte and diuide the worde of Trueth as were able to holde faste the Worde which is according to Doctrine and to exhorte by sounde Knowledge and conuince the gaine-speakers 1. Tim. 3.2 Tim. 1. 2. Ch. vnto Tit. 1. for vndoubtedly as it standeth other in hand to heare learn the word of God so is it the chief part duty of those the haue the ouersight of Churches to expound teach the same and that not slightly for fashions sake but learnedly grauely so as many may reape profite thereby And therefore verye subtilly haue they abused the Worlde that wyth duckyng downe theyr heades and wyth their eyes countenaunce voice and gesture wholly set to semble and dissemble haue not bene ashamed to auouche that the Ecclesiasticall Ministery consisteth onelye in the bare recitall of certayne Psalmes Hymnes Proses and that written in a tongue knowen to very few and scarce also to the Singers themselues againe in the imitation of certain ceremonies which mans wisdome without the warrant of GODS word hath inuented one after an other doe no whit auaile either to the mouing of mens mindes or to the establishing of any order or decencie For nowe during certaine ages men haue thought the whole substaunce of ReligioÌ„ forsooth to stand in these two things Singings I say not vnderstoode colde ceremonies yea and those Churches to be very wel ordered wherein euen these alone haue with a cunning kinde of Hipocrisie bin practised of their craftsmaisters Truly it is to he maruailed that any men I saye not excellent and learned but euen so much as of the coÌ„mon sorte coulde be brought to that passe namely to beléeue those deceiuers when in the meane time they perceyued in very déede that al the sincere worshipping of GOD which â—s Christ his Apostles haue prescribed consisteth in true inuocation prayer in the pure preaching of the Gospell dispensation of the Sacrements haue vtterly in a manner thorough the preuailing of those shrill squeakings dumb ceremonies bin cast out of Churches and suppressed For howe coulde it otherwise be but that the handling of the Scriptures béeyng ouce driuen oute of Churches and Congregations the studies likewise of good letters in the Schooles shoulde vtterly fall downe decaye For what man would then séeme to bestowe hys trauel in sundry disciplines
goe forward in patience faith and hope as for example when war beséegemeÌ„t tumults fires flouds famine pestileÌ„ce or other contagious sicknesses perils by Heretikes crueltie of Tirants or other strange calamities do on euery side oppresse and in a manner destroy Churches and Common Weales But muche more ofteÌ„ do priuate meÌ„ as in déede infinite are the kinds of temptatioÌ„s dangers wherinto we wretched creatures are alwayes ready to fall require the easementes of coÌ„fort and consolation Therfore the Minister of the Church shall haue in a readinesse to all euents purposes great store of coÌ„solatioÌ„s out of the Scriptures vnlesse he wil be coÌ„tent to heare his owne doome namely that he vtterly forsaketh euen betrayeth a greate number of men terrified and gréeued with the burthen of their sinnes and that euen then when they haue most of all néede of his help and so dryueth them to vtter impacience and from impacience they are caried headlong into furie from furie into horrible mischiefes which they commit either vpoÌ„ themselues or vpoÌ„ some others after mischeuous actes they incurre the blotte of infamy from infamy they fall finally into desperation which is the most vnhappie winding vp of al miseries ending in euerlasting damnatioÌ„ Now if any through ignoraÌ„ce of the holy Scriptures shall become the authour of so great mischiefes vnto others thinkest thou the he caÌ„ be able to giue accoÌ„pt vnto GOD of the charge coÌ„mitted vnto him Verily I confesse with all my hearte that there is great dignitie and true glorie attributed as in déede it ought to the Ecclesiasticall office but on this conditâ—oÌ„ that so manye as are placed in it be founde skilfuâ—â— in the holy Scriptures The honour commeth not of the persons but of the functions For what is it to haue the name and title of a thing without the thing it selfe As for those I meane names and titles anye Bishoppe or Suffragan can easily giue at his pleasure who hathe himselfe peraduenture of late boughte with a greate summe the vayne title of a Bishopricke lying in the further part of all Asia But vndoubtedly as touching the thing it selfe he can no more giue that than can the maker of a Play or Enterlude who whilest he is busie in setting forth of a Comedie or Tragedie appoynteth to this man for the while the person of a King to that man of a Prince to another of a Iudge in the Theatre and yet that any one of these should at any time be aduanced publikely to so high a degrée of honour he can by no meanes bring to passe If so be then thou haue nothing else saue the idle name of a Pastor and art in very déede farre distant from the thing it selfe with what face darest thou be so bolde as to gather the fruites not due but to those that do faithfully execute their office Who hathe authorized thée to reape corporall things that by reason thou arte ignorante of the Scriptures canst not sow spirituall things Why wilt thou milke or sheare the Shéepe that thou hast not fedde It is coÌ„monly saide If thou wilte needes reape the gaine then must thou needes also take the payne Whosoeuer desireth to haue the guerdons of honour allowed him it is right reason that he susteine also the difficulties of the burtheÌ„ Which thing séeing it is so thou oughtest to iudge that thou canst by no meanes receyue tithes first fruites oblatioÌ„s and other duties by what name title soeuer they be called if being placed in the ministerie of the word thou doest not labour take paynes in the word They the receyue wages meate and drinke and apparel of noble meÌ„ do know very well and professe that those things are bestowed vppon them to the intent they shoulde euerye moment be in a readinesse to accomplishe the thynges that are commaunded them to doe and truly they brag not a little albeit they endure sometimes labours very full of daungers that they are entertayned into the fauoure and protection of so honorable personages and in that behalfe thinke themselues to be in very happy and fortunate estate After the same sorte so often as thou puttest on thy apparell takest thy meate receyuest tithes or other thynges into thine house thou oughtest to thinke and reioyce wyth thy selfe that all these thyngs doe happen vnto thée for and in consideration of thy diligent study bestowed in the holye Scriptures As ofte likewise as anye honour or dignitie do befall thée thou oughtest to consider with thy selfe that that chiefly commeth to passe by reason of thy knowledge of the holye Scriptures in respecte whereof thou arte aduaunced to the gouernement of the Churche and by the direction only wherof thou arte able to discharge thine office arighte Where if at length thou féelest thy selfe to be altogether vnfitte for the office of teachyng the worde of GOD my counsell is that thou rather giue ouer the Ecclesiasticall function than to receyue the fruites that thou deseruest not For this is the verye commaundement of GOD hymselfe hauyng grieuous threatnings ioyned wyth it againste all those that wyll not subscribe thereunto For why the Prophete Osée in hys fourth Chapter after hée had complayned that there was neither Trueth nor Honesty nor knowlege of GOD lefte vppon earth turning to the Priests and Prophetes sayth My people bee cutte downe bicause they are wythout Knowledge and forasmuche as thou haste refused knowledge I haue also refused thee that thou shouldest not be my Priest In which place manye thynges are spoken to the same effecte Ieremy Chap. 23. calleth the ministers of the Church whyche are ignoraunte and negligent in the worde of GOD and whyche in steade of the worde doe obtrude vnto the people their owne fonde and fantasticall dreames burthens that muste be caste awaye from the presence of the lord In Ezechiel Chap. 22. 44. the Lord requireth suche to be Ministers of the Temple as among other thinges can teache also the people what difference there is betwyxte Holy and Prophane those that cannot so do he vtterly excludeth and wil haue them to be marked with a perpetuall blotte of infamy and shame And like as the Lorde doeth greatelye commende Malach 2. the Leuites and Priestes from whose mouth is hearde the exposition of the Lawe euen so on the other side so many as caÌ„not performe that thing but become rather occasions to the people of erring straying from the right way he vtterly discrediteth maketh theÌ„odious vnto al And wheÌ„ as about the same time Ezra Nehemias after the retourne oute of the captiuitie of Babilon had ordayned a Church and Common weale they prohibited so long the Leuites from eating of the Sanctum Sanctorum that is the holiest of all vntill there arose a Prieste wyth Vrim and Thummim that is to saye as the LXX Interpreters haue translated it Exod. 28. The declaration or manifestation of the Trueth except some peraduenture hadde rather call Vrim
thee to sende thy children to learning and to prouide them Scholemaysters and to see that nothing bee wanting for their instruction and in the meane time not to bring them vp in the nourture and chastisement of the Lorde Therefore do euen we first of all reape the fruite of this thing that is to say through our owne defaulte we haue harebraynd vngracious disobediente and vnmanerly children Let vs not then thus do but let vs obey this blessed Apostle who giueth vs good councell let vs bring them vp in the instructiō and information of the lord Let vs set before them an example causing them from their tender youth diligently to apply the reading of the Scriptures Wo is me whilest I am thus continuallye speaking I seeme to do nothing else but trifle howbeit I will not ceasse for all that to do that which mine office bindeth me to do These things hath he All that Sermon of his is very worthye to be read as in whiche hée sheweth with manye reasons that those when all is said do best prouide for their children and lay open vnto them the way to riches peace and tranquilitie of life happie estate and to preferment in Princes courts whiche haue a care ouer them that they be instructed euen from their infancie in the holy Scriptures To bée short the husbande and the wife the parentes and children the maisters and seruantes the mistresses and maydes may find in the holy Bookes infinite as well preceptes as examples whiche it is not néedefull to rehearse as touching all those things that it behoueth euery one of them to doe in their seuerall state and calling The same must thou thinke to be spoken both vnto widowes and virgins of whose care and diligence like as also of the instruction of children in the holye Scriptures we haue aboue somewhat discoursed So far-forth therefore is that true which Saint Augustine sayth De verbis Domini Sermone 19. namely that vnto all estates of mē there is prescribed in the sacred bookes a rule to liue by and that all and euery sexe age and degree is prouoked to leade an vprighte and godly life Therefore as we began to saye before not onely those that are appoynted to the Ecclesiasticall ministerie but also generally all Christians of what estate or condition soeuer they be ought dayly to bestow sometime at the least in reading and pervsing the Bookes of the Prophets and Apostles The continuall meditation of the Scriptures is not the priuate and peculiar office of some fewe persons but the common and publike dutie of all Christians I graunt in déede that the godly and learned Pastors of Churches shoulde goe before but yet muste all other states and degrées followe after There is none neyther one nor other that can bée debarred from this daunce There is no man in this life in all respectes so perfite vnto whome remayneth not some thing more to be learned no man so exactly accomplisheth his dutie but that some good man for I speake not of anye slaunderous and enuious cauiller may say vnto him this would be amended Wherefore I beléeue there is not any man liuing whiche by the rules and exhortations of the holy Scriptures may not onely become better learned but also better qualified and which by reading of the word of God may not bée made more strong and couragious to all good actions of life whatsoeuer A greate offence it were doubtlesse to surmise that the Philosophers or anye other persons besides shoulde be able better to prescribe what euerie one ought to do or to leaue vndone than God himselfe Certes the Philosophers Lawmakers and other worldly wise men when they dispute of duties doe oftentimes erre Euidente proofes héereof we haue in Plato Aristotle Panaetius Cicero and such like whyche doe commonly one carp and controll another Neyther doe they commend any thing as comely and honest but so far-forth as it is déemed to be suche by the opinion of men But the Prophetes and Apostles coulde not erre bicause they were taught by the holy Ghost who is the spirit of truth and voyd of all error yea they so vrged commanded all things as they knew the same to be allowed of god But to frame the life and maners in suche wise as God maye be pleased with them is no doubte a most soueraigne thing highly to be desired of all men And in déede the Philosophers cā after a sort tell vs what one man oweth vnto another but what mā oweth vnto god how God shuld rightly be worshipped of true faith in God remissiō of sins of the inward spirituall righteousnesse of the heart of other things like vnto these they do not so much as make any mētion at al much lesse cā they perfitly declare thē As oft as in the writings of the Philosophers ther happen any place as touching God or as touching the duty of man towards God we sée how coldly slenderlye and obscurelye they runne ouer it Which truely that it shoulde so come to passe God vndoubtedly had ordeyned that eyther for bycause they were conuicted in their owne cōsciences and stayed not vpō any sure foundation in these their disputations or else for that it was not their proper charge but was reserued for others the Prophets I meane Apostles their Disciples and finally for so much as God would haue all men to be admonished by this meanes that the perfite knowledge of God and of his will is to be learned not out of the Bookes of the Philosophers but only and alone out of the holy Scriptures And this is that in effect whiche the Apostle meaneth 2. Timoth. 3. when he saith That the holy Scripture inspired of God is profitable to instruct in righteousnesse that the man of God may be perfect and prepared to all good works Wherevnto Sainct Augustine hauing respecte in hys 2. Sermon vpon the 90. Psalme very wittily said That the holy Scriptures are letters patents sent downe from the heauenly Citie to vs which do exhort vs all to lyue well Wherfore whosoeuer coueting to reade the holy Bible wherein is most absolutely cōprised all the discipline cōcerning the duties of all and euery Christian as wel towards God as towards men and to reforme his maners accordingly requireth the same Bible to bée reached vnto him he shal more truely a great deale say of it Giue me my Maister then long ago Cyprian vsurped the like saying as oft as he meant or spake of the most famous writer Tertullian if we may credit Hierome But I will procéede somewhat further to speake of certayne dueties which are common to all Christians and yet in the meane time can not rightly be performed of any man without the reading and knowledge of the Scriptures Howbeit I will speake only of the chiefe principall wherevpon depend other almost infinite In the explication whereof we will gather togither those reasons wherewith the consciences I hope of
and defende their own slouthfulnesse withall To be shorte there is no state or condition no function or office no laboures no causes incident either to publike or priuate dealings that can minister anye excuse sufficiently lawfull to discharge anye Christian from the reading and pervsing of the Sacred Bookes Nowe sith it is euident that no excuse or allegation whatsoeuer wyll goe for payment it is méete and requisite that euery man doe so distribute the times houres of hys actions as of them he may giue some daylye to the searching of the writings of the Prophets and Apostles And in good sooth it is not likely that the thinges shoulde otherwise be well done that are not accomplished in order and in a tyme appointed Some things are fit to be done in the nighte othersome in the dawning othersome in the morning othersome at noonetide othersome in the euening And looke howe muche more laborious the businesses are or labours busie whych it behoueth to deale withall so muche more duly shalte thou seuer and diuide them and indeuoure to execute euerye thing in certaine houres and peculiar distances of times and seasons We reade in Ammianus Marcellinus that Alexander the greate Iulius Caesar and the Emperour Iulianus who laboured to immitate those former in manye thinges diuided the nightes while they laye in their campes into thrée partes wherof the first parte they gaue vnto rest and to the satisfaction of nature the seconde to the doing of things néedefull the thirde to the studye of good artes and sciences But why doe we not rather turne our consideration vnto Christian princes Therefore to speake of Alfred king of Britain who first of all founded the famous schole at Oxforde we finde it recorded that he in like manner disseuered all the time into thrée portions and gaue eight houres dayly to the minde to read pray and meditate in other eight to the administration of his kingdome and the residue to bodily exercises Not muche vnlike vnto this man was Charles the great who vsed to féed his minde with good studies and meditatiōs but especially with the reading of the holy Scriptures and which not a fewe haue reported of him in the time of dinner and supper he wold alwayes haue some things recyted as well out of the sacred Bible as also out of the workes of Saint Augustine It is plain and euident that many other princes mo besides haue in learning the duties of godlynes out of the holy Scriptures troden the salfe same pathe Why do not euery one of vs therefore after the example of so worthy men especially of Alfred and Charles kings that deserued excéedinglye wel of Christian religion take counsel by by as touching ordinary houres to be appointed to the reading of the holy Bible I doe very willingly and euen purposely rehearse the factes of kings and princes in this cause partly to the intent the kings princes and noble men of our days may perceiue that they also are prouoked by the authoritie princely presidents of their auncestours to the like diligence in learning the doctrine of religion and partly to the ende that inferioure persons who are by no meanes like princes surcharged and in a maner ouerwhelmed with the waues of manifolde and difficult affayres may vnderstand and wil they nil they confesse that they haue no manner of excuse left vnto them wherby they might pretend that they want fit time and oportuniti to reade the holy Scriptures Be it therefore concluded and determined that it is no harde matter for any Christian to finde fit places times and houres to pervse ouer the bookes of the heauenly Philosophy that at leastwise considering what other excellent men haue done in the same matter will not sticke valiantlye to pricke forwarde himselfe to the doing of the like Therefore now as one letting his sute fall and acknowledging himselfe to be vanquished and ouercome some man demaundeth and would gladly learne of vs what time or what houres we déeme conuenient to be chozen to the reading of the sacred bookes I wil in few wordes declare what I thinke to be moste expediente The choyse ought especially to be in thy selfe to determine of the houres according to the manner of the fūction whiche thine office or kinde of life doeth require Doubtlesse GOD himselfe séemeth greatly to commend the time of the morning and euening when a Deut. 6. and 11. he sayth ye shall lay vp my words in your heart and in your soule And ye shall teache them your children speaking of them when thou sittest in thine house when thou walkest by the way when thou liest down and whē thou risest vp Thou séest the times to be pointed out which euery man euen without any informer shoulde effectuallye in déede consecrate vnto prayers thankesgiuing and meditation of things spirituall and heauenly Albeit where the Lorde addeth that when a man sitteth at home in his house and when he trauelleth by the way he oughte to talke of his word he doth not obscurely signify that not only in the morning and euening but also at all other times and houres whatsoeuer men may profitably be excused in learning the lawe of God and therefore that it muste be leafte frée to euerye manne to appoint certaine houres accordyng to the trade of hys lyfe and varietie of businesses whyche happen therein That whyche is of it selfe holesome and fruitefull at what time soeuer it be done is well done Let thy chiefe studye and care be this that what houres thou haste once appointed thou mayste without interruption and manger all lettes and impedimentes perpetually obserue For why all things that shall once in this behalfe reuerently be decréede are as by an inuiolable lawe and yet withoute superstition to be reteyned and kepte And if at any time peraduenture some odde businesse and vnlooked for doe fall out to the contrary then it behoueth theé very carefully to prouide that at some other tyme the want be supplied But againe thou askest howe muche shall I reade euerye daye in what space shall I once peruse ouer all the whole Bible I aunswere that as I vnderstand it was an ordinary matter with oure auncestours once in a yeares space to haue the Bible from the beginning to the ende publikely recited in holy assemblies to the common instruction of all that were present For to the intēt that thing might the more commodiously be done they admitted in those daies no other Psalmes or Books of Scripture in the sayde assemblies but suche as were Canonicall as wée haue shewed in the former Booke And that the same moste commendable vsage was kepte and continued manye ages following it is not to bée doubted For euen Gratian himselfe distinct 15. declaring what Bookes of holy Scripture were wonte to be read in hys tyme that is to say about the yeare after Christes byrth .1160 signifyeth that there was made onelye a verye small chaunge From Septuagesima sayth he
thorough with it once in a tweluemonths space If thou pervse ouer ten Chapters thou shalt go thorough with it twice and one only day shal be left to spare If fiftéene Chapters thou shalt accomplishe it thrice If twentie thou shalte accomplish it foure times These things being thus declared it remayneth that euery godly man do repute with himselfe howe oft hée will reade ouer the holy Psalmes howe ofte the bookes of the olde Testament howe oft the newe Testamente in a yeares space Of whiche pointe when he hath once determined then shall it be néedefull for him to limit out the Chapters of the bookes according to the wéekes and dayes of the yeare after that forme and order whiche wée haue shewed in the premisses Howbeit partly to the intent the godlie disposed may the more willingly and easilye imbrace our counsayle and aduice partly leaste those that haue alreadye attempted to reade dayly the holye Byble at houres appointed should alleage for excuse that they do sooner than a man would thinke fayle and misse in the order or number of the Chapters I haue prouided a Calendar wherein for euery daye in euery moneth are noted and set downe certaine Chapters as wel of the worke of the Psalmes as of the other bookes of the old and new Testament and the same truely so digested and distincted in number that thou mayste verye well reade and pervse ouer once or oftner in a yeare as thou thinkest good al the said bookes of the holy Bible or at leastwise so many of them as thou hast most fancie to and canst best like of And in this order is this Calendar made First and foremost we haue giuen to euerye moneth two litle pages or sides of a leafe the one answering to the other and either of them with lines from aboue drawn directly downewarde disseuered and diuided into Columnes or pillers In the former page of the left side are drawen two suche lines betwéen which for as muche as they represent and make a very small and slender piller there is no greater space or distaunce than that by descending from the heade to the foote the letters A. b.c.d e. f g. A b.c. c whereby are wont to be noted in common Calendars the spaces of the wéekes and number of the dayes maye be writen But before this same piller towarde the left side there are set down certaine notes of numbers which whilest they aunswere to the sayde letters doe at the firste sighte declare what day of the moneth euerye daye in the wéeke is From the seconde line to the vttermost parte of the same side towarde the right hande is a great deale of space left wherein whosoeuer list maye at his owne choyce and libertie note the publike feasts and holydayes hapning throughout the whole yeare Though I who am fully resolued to consecrate this labour whatsoeuer it bée to the reading of the Scriptures and for this cause haue willinglye called it a Calendar of the holy Scripture do set downe the things memorable whiche the holy bookes reporte to be done on certaine dayes adding also some things in some places whiche the opinion onely of the learned warranteth to be done on the same dayes of which sort are the natiuitie and death of CHRIST the murther of Stephen the calling of Paule c. as touching whych things verile the holy Scripture expresseth no certain dayes and yet by the common consentes of all menne there are some certaine dayees appointed Thus much of the former â—age On the other side or page which stretchesh towarde the right hande there follow foure other distaunces or pillers marked out with fiue lines let downe to rights in manner of a plum line And of all of them well néere the bredth is alike sauing that the first is discerned to be somwhat narrower Whiche first is appointed only to the worke of the Psalmes and it conteyneth in suche wise the number and order of Psalmes affixed on certaine dayes as all men may pervse them ouer once euerye yeare But if a man be disposed to reade them twice or thrice or fouretymes in a yere there is no cause to the contrary but that he by his own choyce and industry multiplying the numbers of the Psalmes according to the rate and proportion of euery wéeke may frame to himselfe papers with columnes or pillers correspondent and fixe them in a table to his own vse concerning which thing we haue touched somewhat also aboue Next foloweth the seconde Columne wherein are placed the bookes of the olde Testament whiche our auncesters the most holy gouernours of Churches haue acknowledged to be Canonicall The names therefore of these bookes we haue sette downe in a decent order and likewise what and howe manye Chapters of them maye conuently be reade euerye daye The third Columne we haue giuen to the bookes of the Olde Testamente no numbred in the Canon wherof the titles and Chapters are in a number certaine distributed throughout the wéekes of euerye moneth And we haue purposelye sundered these bookes from the former neyther woulde wée mingle them togither in one and the selfesame distance For it came to my remembraunce to feare that that woulde not onely haue bin vnséemely but also to some very gréeuous For what if some mans stomacke could not well brooke the Bookes of the latter kinds or at least not thinke them worthy the reading euery yere Truely I for my parte will interprete my successe to be happy and my labour and diligence not to be vtterly loste if so be I shall obtaine but thus muche of good folkes namely that they will euen once in a yere reade ouer all the Canonicall Bookes Furthermore the fourth columne is dedicated to all the Bookes whyche are nowe euery where by a custome receiued ascribed to the new Testament the Chapters whereof we haue in such wise digested and disposed as that they may once in a yeares space be read ouer without any paines But if any mans minde shall be inflamed with so seruent a desire of reading the holy mysteries that he wyll assay to attempt greater matters and like as the Psalmes so peraduenture also couet to go through a twice or thrice wyth the Canonical Bookes of the olde and newe Testament it shall be an easie matter for him by doubling the numbers whiche we haue put or by conueying them somewhat otherwise to deuise an other way fit and profitable for hys purpose and to make another Calendar Moreouer aboue these Columnes in the pages of euery moneth there are fixed of vs in steade of pillar coronets certaine titles The firste and highest line extended throughout both the pages containeth the name of euery moneth in Latine and English then next how the Hebrues do call the same how many it is with theÌ„ in number finaly howe it is termed in the Atticke tongue of the Gréeks The line that is vnderneath this I meane in the former page ouer and aboue the firste
the minde oughte alwayes to be intentiuely fixed and set vppon those fiue fountaines or Chapiters to the whyche the Apostle hymselfe auoucheth that al things contained in the holy Scriptures are to be referred For thus wée reade 2. Timoth. 3. The holye Scriptures are able to make thee wise vnto saluation through the faith whiche is in Christ Iesu For the whole Scripture is inspired of God and is profitable to teache to improue to correct and to instructe in righteousnesse that the maÌ„ of God may be made absolute perfect to al good works Likewise 1. Corinth 10. They are written to admonish vs vppon whome the endes of the worlde are come Againe to the Rom. 15. Whatsoeuer things are written aforetyme they are written for oure learning that wee through patience and comforte of the Scriptures might haue hope Of these fiue fountaines therfore I meane Teaching Reprouing Instructing Correcting Comfortyng al persons when they reade the Scriptures or heare them read shal very carefully consider Neither in sooth will it be a harde matter in passing throughe these fountaines as by steppes and in meditating deuoutlye vppon them to find out and gather those things that are agréeyng and answerable to euery one of them And in very déede they may rightly be taken for places as yée woulde saye of Diuine inuention For the fountaine as touching Doctrine or Teaching doeth admonishe that thou shouldest intentiuely looke about thée whither any thing out of the place of Scripture which thou hast gone through in reading may be drawen forth as pertayning to the chiefe principles and common places of the doctrine of our Religion He that knoweth and can saye by hearte the preceptes of the Decalogue the articles of the Faith as they call them the effect and meaning of the Sacraments and other pointes vsually taughte vnto yong beginners and learners in religion this man shal easily in a manner at the first sight be able to discerne the principall parts of Doctrine what they are For vpon those fountaines or welheads séeing they are to be accounted for the ground-worke and foundation are built al the rules of Christian religion whatsoeuer Going forwardr to the seconde fountaine as concerning Reprouing thou shalte wyth all diligence and indeuour weigh and consider whether in the place or sentence by thée read anye thyng bée reposed as auaileable to impugne heresies and any false doctrine whatsoeuer either olde or newe for euen at this daye the more is the pitie are hearde ouer many thynges euen among the common sorte contrary and repugnant to the trueth Whatsoeuer shall betide proper to thys kinde sée thou bestowe and laye vp in thy minde from thence when occasion shal be offered to bring it forth as a preseruatiue againste the pestilent poyson of Heretikes Next in the thirde fountayne whych is as touching Instruction we are willed out of the words and sentences of Scripture wisely to gather those things aparte whyche tende to the passing of the life in righteousnesse and true holinesse and generally which are any thing auaileable to the good administration of Churches of pollitike or housholde affayres For why that knowledge is barren and vnfruiteful that bringeth not a man to such dealings in the common trade of hys life as are both holesome and commendable To Correction whyche obtayneth the fourth place and is after a sorte contrarye to Instruction hée that is desirous to finde fit matter muste first looke about hym and consider with what faultes either priuie or apparant he hymselfe is infected then nexte wyth what corruptions and defilementes the Churches euerye where are blemisted and impaired also the common wealth and priuate houses or families howe in these on euerye side discipline is lette loose and to be shorte howe lewde and corrupte the maners and conditions of al sortes of menne are If therefore the place of Scripture whyche thou haste in hâ—nâ—e doeth minister anye thing to the controlling eyther of thine owne faultes or other mens and to the reprouing and amending as well of publike as priuate enormities then shalte thou with verye good right accompte all that among Corrections Whosoeuer furthered by Gods greate goodnesse intendeth earnestlye to leade a godlye life and with all inforcement to detefie and abandon sinne hée shall bée able wyth iudgement to gather oute of the diuine Oracles bothe Instructions and also corrections Last of al to heape vp matter of Comfort or Consolation it is not so busie a labour Hee that is grieued wyth a sore or vexed wyth anye other maladie whatsoeuer that manne diligentlye séeketh and serapeth togither medicines wheresoeuer he can come by them so likewise hée that is touched wyth anye sense or féeling of publike or priuate calamities whereof vndoubtedly euerye one of vs haue dailye experience and do taste of many in some measure and that not of one sorte or kind wil studiously note and gather euery where in reading plentiful matter comfort against all perils and daungers whatsoeuer But those men that by their dayly dealings and experience of many thynges haue gotten to themselues anye wisedome they can muche better than a number of others gyue sentence as touching all these pointes For Wisedome as wel in al other affayres as also in the consideration of diuine matters maketh men attenâ—â—â—e and circumâ—pect and helpeth them greatelye to the finding out of the vse of those thinges as that whyche hâ—â—deth vp a Torche in the darke and goeth commâ—â—lye before them That man in like care shall not a little profite in this exercise and shal get the Garland from a greate many that hathe been some space conuersant in â—eating the holy Scriptures Yea and he also shall be able to performe something worthy of commendation in this behalfe that hathe bin happily furthered wyth the acquaintance and familiar conferences touchyng Religion of learned and Godlye menne But the readyest and moste certayne waye of all is to obserue with great care and industrye in Sermons made by faythfull Teachers to the people in Sacred assemblies howe and by what meanes in the discourse of euerye parte of the Propheticall and Apostolike writings whyche are there declared one while a manifolde Doctrine as touching true opinions an other whyle Controlementes of false opinions an other while Instructions or Exhortations vnto Vertue an other while reprehensions of Faultes an other whyle Consolations all them applyed to the presente state of thyngs and so farre foorthe as may be to the times places and persons are vttered and produced and wyth no small cunning Clearklinesse and indeuoure inculked and repeated Lyke as those children doe putte vs in good hope and expectation of theyr towardnesse whyche wée sée willinglye and vncompelled to goe to the Schooles wherein the fyrste poyntes of Learning are taughte so we dare be bolde to saye that those shall easily vnderstand al the whole vse of Christian ReligioÌ„ that do chéerefully laying all other matters aparte resorte to the Churche
decay of our great vnhappy graundfather Adam they haue not onely bin depriued of all those ornamēts and graces which before they had but also infected with contrary vices and deformities so as in stedde of light they are become darke in stedde of pure they are become obscure in stedde of holy they are become prophane in stedde of vprighte iust perfit happy blessed the image of the eternall God they are become pieuish peruerse vnperfect vniust accursed the Image of the infernall Sathan And this forsooth generally is the state wherein we stand both in respect of our soules and bodies For the more manifest proofe wherof the Scriptures are plentifull especially where they painte foorth man in his naturall coloures and set him vp as it were on a stage to be seene For they teache that there is no sounde or whole parte in him from the crowne of the heade to the soale of the foote For why VVe are all the sorte of vs corrupte we haue all gone astray wee are all become abhominable there is none that vnderstandeth or seeketh after God there is none that doth good no not one Our mindes are distract within vs our memories are maymed oure reason vnreformed our vnderstanding vnperfite our wisedome foolishnesse oure heartes vncircumcised our iudgementes vniuste oure wils waywarde oure thoughtes vaine oure imaginations wicked our conceites carnall our fansies frustrate oure affections euil oure lusts vnbrideled our throats an open sepulchre our tongs haue vsed deceit the poison of Aspes is vnder our lippes our mouths are full of cursing and bitternesse oure handes are filled with cruelty and our fingers with iniquitie our feete are swifte to shed bloude destruction and calamitie are in oure wayes the way of peace we haue not knowen and there is no feare of God before oure eies These and such like are the excellent titles and prerogatiues wherewith the holy Ghost adorneth vs in the Scriptures These are in deede the true markes and monuments of our antiquitie the peculiar badges of our brauery the right Coat-armour of al Adams offspring Whereof leaste any man shoulde doubte and pretende I wote not what priuiledges for himselfe as thoughe he were exēpted out of the common aray of all fleshe the Scripture dealeth yet more plainely with vs and telleth vs that we are not only wretched and miserable by nature as being all conceiued of vncleane seede and all borne the children of wrath and perdition but also that wee haue al sinned where this worde All is referred to euery particular person whether he be Iewe or Gentile and are depriued of the glory of God that we are al workers of wickednes al shrinking and rebellious children lyars and lighter than vanitie it selfe all hatchers of Cokatrice egges and weauers of the Spiders webbe as the Prophet speaketh and to be shorte all subiect to the curse and malediction of God and so consequentlye to endlesse confusion both of soule and body For the rewarde of sinne is death and euery soule that sinneth shal dye saith the Lorde These things thus brieflye premised although they may seeme sufficient to strike as it were an Alarum into al mens consciences and to make them looke about them if haply they may espy any remedy yet ouer and besides these if wee will weigh and consider what an vnmercifull number of spirituall ennimies we haue to deale and encounter with how subtilly they lye in wayte to entrappe vs howe vncessantly they assayle vs howe greedily they gape to deuoure vs wee shall bee muche more inflamed as I thinke to prepare oure selues to the battaile and to stand vppon our guarde if at leaste we haue either anye care of oure owne welfare or dread of our own distruction For if so be wee haue not vnfitly compared the worlde vnto a Wildernes where men wander in the middest of innumerable dāgers are euen subiect cōtinually to a thousande deathes then maye it appeare sufficientlye what oure lotte and portion is in this life and howe hardlye we are like to be dealte withall vnlesse wee walke maruellous warily and circumspectly and bee throughlye fenced and fortified at all assayes We haue to consider that as there the wayes and pathes are verye doubtefull and vncertaine by reason of manifolde crinkes and turnings so here we are to mete with infinite Mazes Labyrinths of superstitions and false opinions so as there is nothing more harde and difficult than for a man amongst them to keepe the straighte course to eternall saluation Againe as the desart places are ful of horrible daungers as well in respecte of the wilde and fauage beastes as also of the Theeues and Robbers that lurke in them euen so are wee in this worlde enuironed about on euery side with farre more grieuous enimies as which for their crueltie and more than bloudy desire of destroying all that euer come in their wayes doe far-awaye exceede the saluagest beastes and cruellest cut-throates that bee For euen amongest vs rangeth that olde manqueller the Diuell who as Peter sayth goeth aboute like a roaring Lion seeking whom he may deuoure And hee is not alone but hee hathe an infinite rable and euen the Deuill and all of wicked Angels and vncleane Spirites to do him seruice so as he is not without good consideration called a Potentate the Prince of darknesse the Gouernour of this world the spirite that ruleth in the Ayre c. to note vnto vs the wonderfull force and puissance that he is of like as in other places for his malice and subtilty he is termed a Serpent for his crueltie a Lion and for all togither a greate redde Dragon hauing seauen heades and ten hornes and seauen Crowns vpon his heads c. There are also belonging to his hellish conduct and Kingdome an innumerable sorte of wicked doers whiche hauing vtterly reiected all sense of Humanitie and Godlinesse are degenerated into wilde saluage beastes For we may see euery where a ranke route of leacherous monsters to grunt like Hogges and Swine a huge throng of wrathfull Termagaunts to yell out lyke Beares a beastly company of Backbiters to barke abroade like Dogges a rauening sorte of Cormorants to houle out like Wolues a fierce and frantike multitude to take on like vntamed Tygres a number to play the parts of the nimble sighted Lynxes a slie and subtill sorte to fare like Foxes a tetchy and kicking kinde of Asses to bray a venemous sighte of Serpents to hisse and to be shorte such a huge rabble of stinking Goates bellowing Bugles puffing Panters and all manner of vncleane Beastes that a man shall walke muche safer in the Wildernesse amongst the wilde beastes in deede than hee can doe in the world amongest men of so beastly conditions neyther haue we to feare so great danger from the very Beasts themselues as we haue to doubt and dreade those that are of the selfe same nature with vs Insomuch that the olde fathers said not without a cause
One man is become a VVolfe to an other Further as the Desart is waste and barren and besides ouergrowen with Bushes Bryars and Thornes so is thys World manured with no knowledge of God at all but is altogither barren and vnapte to yeelde foorth anye good fruite nay contrariwise scrawleth euerye where ful of the briars of Sinnes and Vices whereby we are so grieuously mangled and torne that commonlye and for the most parte we keepe the scarres of them to oure dying daye I might stande here to shewe howe some of vs nay all in a maner are choaked with the cares of this world and with the deceitfulnesse of riches some caughte in the pitfall of Pride and Ambition some snared wyth the Thornes of Couetousnesse some ouer heade and eares in the Bryars of Voluptuousnesse some saped in the suddes of Sensualitie some smouldered wyth the smoake of Vanitie some drenched in the dregges of Drunkennesse some be-smeared wyth the mudde of Maliciousnesse some imbrued with the bloude not of Beastes but of Men and in a worde not some but a great summe stifled in the stench of all Sinne and Wickednesse I mighte shewe in like maner howe there is nothing vnder the Sunne so excellent no worke of God so wonderfull no blessing so bountifull no creature so beneficiall holesome and good but that through the malice of Sathan and our owne miserable corruption it is tourned cleane contrarye vnto oure greate harme and discommoditie yea euen into a present poyson to infecte vs wythall and into a Scorpion as it were to sting vs to death As much might be said of our own selues in whom there is no parte nor power either of soule or bodye but that through sin they are become euen so manye deadly enimies to hale vs to destruction And herein forsooth appeareth by the way the strangenesse or rather vnnaturalnesse as I may so say of our warfare cleane contrary to the warfare of the worlde For whereas worldly Souldiours take weapon in hand chiefly against forrainers and strangers but neuer againste their owne persons wee on the other side muste not looke so muche what oure enimies do abroade as we muste haue an eye what traytours are at home I meane in our own bosoms that so letting others goe in peace by vs wee maye bende all oure whole force and artillery to the battery of oure owne selues Not as though it were lawfull for anye man to cutte himselfe shorte by vntimely death as manye diuellishe and desperate persons doe but to the intent to gette the mastery ouer our affections to bridle oure lustes to mortify oure olde man to kill oure concupiscence to subdue oure nature and finally to submit all our wil wisedome reason vnderstanding and all that euer we haue either within vs or without vs to the rule and obedience of Gods holy Worde and to the gouernment and direction of his holy Spirite But I feare leaste I haue exceeded alreadye the compasse of an Epistle I will therefore bee as briefe as is possible We haue seene then if I be not deceyued how wofull our originall state and condition is what infinite perils and calamities wee are subiecte vnto what mightye and vnrestfull enimies wee are continuallye matchte wythall and howe little refuge or succoure wee haue to looke for in this worlde or in any thing belonging to the Worlde For the VVorlde passeth awaye and the luste thereof but hee that doeth the will of God abideth for euer The vse of all whyche thynges is to teache euery one of vs howe earnestly we oughte to laboure and contend euery man according to his present necessitie to learne well the lesson taughte vnto Nicodemus namely to be borne againe and to be renued in the spirite of our minde so as we may couet the sincere milke of the word to the intent to grow thereby to be remoued I say from the loue of these earthly things here belowe and to stye vp by the wings Fayth into Heauen where Iesus Christe sitteth on the right hande of God the father finally to purchase the certaintie of a better inheritāce and the assuraunce of a better Country by cause as the Apostle saith VVee haue here no continuing Citie but wee seeke for one to come To the obtayning of all whiche graces as Faith alone in the word and promises of God is sufficient so attaine wee to Faith by no other meanes than by conceyuing the free mercy of God in Christe through the reading hearing and meditation of the holy Scriptures The reason is bycause that Iesus Christe beeing the onelye obiect of oure faith and substance of the whole Scripture we apprehend in him all the treasures of knowledge and wisedome and what soeuer else is necessary to eternall saluation For Hee is of God made vnto vs wisedome and righteousnesse and sanctification and redemption and euen all in all as the Apostle speaketh Who seeth not then what incomparable treasures in comparison whereof all the pompe and glory of the Worlde is nothyng but dung and drosse are comprised in the sacred Scriptures But I maye not stand to amplify this point as by occasion otherwise iustly I mighte considering in very deede a Preface will not beare it I must therefore of necessity referre all this whole matter to the consideration of the godly Reader who may finde euery where in reading plentifull furniture tending to this purpose Only thys I wil adde by way of conclusion that forsomuch as al the holy Scripture is giuen by inspiration of God and is profitable as Paule saith to teach to conuince to correct and to instructe in righteousnesse that the man of God may be absolute and made perfite to al good workes and againe that whatsoeuer things are written aforetime are written for oure learning that we throughe patience and comforte of the Scriptures mighte haue hope that therefore I say it behoueth al sortes and degrees of men and women whatsoeuer if at leastwise they stand in neede to be taught and informed in the wayes of the Lorde if they haue neede of dayly correction and amendment of life if they be desirous of continuall comforte and consolation and finally of eternall happinesse and saluation to be in loue with the holy Scriptures to embrace them to reuerence them to reade them to heare them to meditate in them and aboue all to liue after thē and euē to expresse them in their whole lyfe and conuersation Whiche godly diligence and indeuour as I wishe vnfainedly from my very hearte to be wrought effectually in mine owne selfe so make I mine humble prayers vnto the Lord that he would vouchsafe in his great mercy to kindle and stirre vppe the same in the heartes of all people to awaken them out of the sleepe of sinne and securitie to drawe them out of the dirty dregges of Popery and superstition wherein Sathan hath of long tyme and yet still keepeth a great number to scatter the cloudes and mistes
perfourming or accomplishing of it But vndoubtedly it is requisite that the true Christian do excell in both that is to saye not onely in knowledge but also in holy actions of life and conuersation so farre forth as is possible Howbeit the knowledge of GOD and of his diuine will a Christian man can not from anye other where eyther more certaynely or plentifully atteyne vnto than out of the word of GOD it selfe whiche by the Prophetes and Apostles is faithfully committed to writing and so conueyed ouer to posteritie For it pleased GOD that hys will béeyng cléerely expressed should remayne extant in a fewe Bookes to the whyche man béeing otherwyse compassed about on euerie syde with the Cloudes of ignorance so ofte as he coueteth to knowe what is pleasing to GOD mighte as vnto a Chest full of all manner of precious iewels haue recourse to draw out from thence whatsoeuer is wholesome and profitable for hym for in déede of the Bookes of holy Scripture it may woorthely bée sayde that in them are layde vp and conteyned all the treasures of wisedome and knowledge euen so much and so manyfolde in effecte as maye bée had of GOD in this life Whiche thing séeing it is so verily I can not but greately maruell howe it commeth to passe that where as all Christians are gréedilie gyuen to heare yet appeare they beyonde measure colde and dull to reade and heare the sayde Bookes For where shall a man fynde one amongst a greate number that hathe those holy Bookes at home in hys house and if it be so that some haue them yet how manye bée there of them can say that they haue reade them ouer at any tyme or tymes in all theyr lyues And how shall wée beléeue I beséeche you that the wyll of GOD is diligentlye accomplished of those menne of whome it is not certaynely knowen as yet whether they euer vouchsafed to learne it out of the sacred Bookes or no for thys cause therefore I supposed that I shoulde take vpon me a thyng both acceptable to GOD and also most profitable to men if I admonished all Christians of what estate or condition soeuer they be to prepare themselues to the diligente reading of the holye Scriptures out of whyche alone the wyll of GOD is to bée knowen and dayly to reade ouer certayne Chapters of them or at least to heare them attentiuely readde of others Whyche parcell of dutie whatsoeuer it bée certesse I doe interprete my selfe to owe as well vnto GOD to the aduancemente of whose glory vppon earthe wée oughte all the sorte of vs to endeauour our selues to the vttermost of oure powers as also vnto men whome for so muche as wée may sée nowe euery where to haue as a man woulde say broken in sunder the barres of godlynesse and honestie and by that meanes which is greatly to be lamented to leade their liues very dissolutely and licentiously it is requisite and necessarie for vs by as many meanes as we maye to reclayme and bring backe to the righte way Nowe I haue determined to deuide thys worke into two Bookes whereof in the former I wyll declare that it belongeth to all sortes and degrées of men whatsoeuer whyche at the least couet the name of Christianitie both to reade and heare wyth greate aduisemente the Bookes of the holye Bible In the latter I will shewe by what meanes euery man maye readily without lette in a yeares space orderly turne ouer all the sayd Bookes by reading and pervsing dayly certayne Chapters of them Firste and formost therefore that we are men wée oure selues both confesse and doe not a little glorye so to bée called and by thys very name that wée are vehemently moued to the searching after GOD and the knowledge of hys will it is more cléere and manyfest than that it can be wincked at or dissembled Looke I pray you vppon the body of man so cunningly and excellently deuised and made that in it the head in whiche as in a high Tower are placed the organicall powers of the senses dothe perpetually of the own accord reach vpward toward heauen where the seate of GOD is vnderstoode to be In consideration whereof al the olde Poetical writers pronounced man to be happier and in better case than the brute beasts For where all Creatures else beside saith a certain Latin Poete that bin of brutish kinde Are aye with groueling face to gaze vpon the ground assignde To man is giuen a stately grace and loftie looke whereby He may behold the haughtie Heauens and eke the Starrie Skie Further to the body is added the mind whereby man so ofte as he listeth may surmounte and ouerreach the very Firmamente and Startes and euen there beholde and looke vpon the Maiestie of GOD himselfe for why the minde is the most noble parte of man giuen downe from GOD into the body as into a Pauilion or rather gorgeous Temple by the whiche the diuine power of GOD dothe at all times wonderfully display it selfe in vs For certesse by the mind GOD indureth into vs all as the Apostle speaketh Actes 17 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lyfe and breath By the minde through GOD we moue and haue oure being Through the minde the Poet Aratus was bolde to sing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For we are his ofspring or generation Now by the diuers and sundrie powers of the mind as namely vnderstanding reason memorie and suche like by the direction whereof man accomplisheth great and waightie matters wée may perceyue euidently that GOD is not farre from euery one of vs as in déede if we woulde diligentlye searche we might euen grope I gladly vse the Apostles wordes and find him out Neyther is anye other thyng meante by those common sparkes of knowledge naturally engraffed in all menne whereby we beléeue that there is a GOD that all things come to passe and are gouerned by his prouidence moreouer that some actions are honest and pleasing vnto GOD whyche we oughte to embrace that other some are dishonest and displesing vnto GOD which we ought to abhorre And these and such like impressions of knowlege are so plain euident that there was no man euer foūd so barbarous or brutishe that vtterlye denyed them so déepe also do they sticke printed and as it were seared in our mindes that they can neuer altogither be blotted or scraped out Wherevpon the Apostle-Rom 2. sayth When the Gentiles whiche haue not the Lawe doe by nature the things conteyned in the law they hauing not the lawe are a lawe vnto themselues which shew the effect of the lawe written in their heartes their conscience also bearing them witnesse and their thoughtes accusing one an other or excusing Therfore what man so euer he be that is partaker of his right minde and féeleth himselfe at anye time perced with the sting of his owne conscience he maye verye well perceyue without the instruction of anye other that he carrieth aboute with him a number of things
hys worde but he prouided especially by his wonderfull prouidence that the same shoulde be committed to writing and so commended to euerlasting memorye For GOD him selfe wyth hys owne finger wrote his Lawe in two tables of stone and then commaunded that by Moyses and the reste of the Prophetes hys sayings and doings shoulde be putte in wryting Exodus 17.24.34 Deutronomie 6.31 Iosue 24. Ieremie 36. Psalme 102. By these what thyngs so euer are written they are called by the name of Scripture Whervpon Christ himselfe by the Scripture vnderstandeth the bookes of Moyses of the Prophetes and of the Psalmes Iohn 5. Luke 24. To the same bookes do the Apostles and Euangelistes wyl vs to haue recourse whylest to the confirmation of theyr owne assertions they oftentimes and that desirouslye alleage the Testimonies of Scripture But wée muste knowe that euen the Bookes of these also are accounted wyth the reste in one and the selfe same order of Scriptures whether they beare the name and tittle of Gospels or Actes or Epistles For it is out of all doubte and controuersie that whatsoeuer is comprehended in the whole bodye of the Canonicall bookes is the verye true and healthsome worde of GOD published and putte forthe by his commaundemente All Scripture sayeth the Apostle 2. Timoth. 3. is enspired of GOD. And Peter in his 2. Epistle Chap. 1. Prophesie sayeth hée came not in olde time by the wyll of man but holy men of GOD spake as they were moued by the holy GHOST And like as the writers as well of the Olde as of the Newe Testament receyued a commaundement from one and the selfe same GOD and our and the selfe same spirite enspired theyr myndes gouerned theyr handes and pennes Psalme 68. Actes 2.1 Corinth â—â— Ephes 4. euen so all the whole Scripture is in a manner one Booke reuealing wyth wonderfull consente thyngs moste diuerse and manifolde as Ieremie expounding the 29. Chapter of Esay and Saint Augustine in hys preface to the 150. Psalme doe learnedly gather Whyche things séeing they are so we doe with greate cause vehementlye speake in the commendation of thys Booke not in respecte of the paper or parchmente and of thys or that tongue or of one kinde of letter or other or of the Golde or diuersitie of colour wherwyth it is garnished and sette forthe but euen in respecte that it conteyneth the moste holye and sacred wordes of GOD hymselfe and therefore doe affirme that out of it men ought to learne both by reading and hearing what GOD hathe decréed of vs and of oure saluation For we muste knowe that to this ende especiallye all Bookes are written euen that they shoulde diligentlye be reade and by often reading ouer be fullye vnderstoode that so desyred fruytes myghte redounde to the vnderstanders of them Nowe there be thrée special causes why we shoulde bestowe more diligence in pervsing this latter Booke than the former FIRST Greater is the dignitie of GODS word than of the whole worlde The world in déede was created of the same that the word came from which we so greatly commende and eyther Booke is indifferentely called the Booke of GOD yet neuerthelesse the latter excelleth for so much as wée finde recyted in it the selfe same worde that GOD vsed when he made the worlde of nothing For we reade GOD sayde Let there bee light and the lighte was made Againe God sayde Let there be a firmamente and there was made a firmament and so forth of other things And whereas by the former Booke we perceyue onely that there is a worlde by the latter we maye perceyue what was before the worlde and from whence and by what meanes the same tooke beginning Therefore whether we were neuer able to aspire in searching of causes by the conducte of naturall reason thyther are wée broughte by Faith whyche Faith is intentiuelye fixed on the worde of GOD reuealed read or harde For Faith commeth by hearing of the worde and by Faith wee vnderstande that the worlde was ordayned throughe the worde of GOD so that the thyngs which are seene were made of things that appeared not Rom. 10. Heb. 11. SECONDLY Whatsoeuer thyngs are necessary to be knowen as touching the will of GOD and oure saluation are clearelye and expreslye declared in the written worde of GOD but howe farre shorte should we come to thinke that the same are as apparantly represented in the frame of the worlde Greate is the darkenesse of mennes mindes and oft times euen in those thyngs that are supposed to be moste manifeste by Nature they are more blynde than is the Owle in the noone dayes And then doe we all commonlye moste fouly ouershoote and deceiue our selues when we beginne once to dispute of GOD and of matters appertayning to saluation For proofe whereof are so manye and so absurde fonde and fantasticall I wyll not saye ridiculous opinions whyche the Philosophers deuised as touching GOD and their Summum bonum whereof the number grewe as Marcus Varro recounteth in Augustine in his Booke 19. Chapter 1. Of the Citie of GOD to a hundred fourescore and eighte And Hermias a Christian Philosopher reconed vp some of them and laugheth them well fauouredlye to scorn in his booke entituled A deriding of the prophane Philosophers But vndoubtedly hée shall at length be frée from all error and shall gather to hymselfe substantiall knowledge that neuer at anye tyme departeth from the footesteppes of the Prophetes and Apostles It were a haynous offence to determyne anye thyng of Religion or of the state of a better lyfe onlye by the direction of Nature excepte the censure bée giuen out of the tables of GODS worde and as well the Scripture it selfe as nature bee founde to sumpe togyther in one And therefore wisely the Prophete Psalme 19. After discourse hadde of the glory of GOD to be discerned by the workemanshippe of the Heauens and of the Firmamente addeth immediately a commendation of the Lawe and written worde of god The Lawe of the Lorde sayeth he is vndefyled conuerting the soule the testimonie of the Lorde is sure giuing wisedome to the simple the Statutes of the Lorde are right reioycing the heart the precepts of the Lorde are pure giuing light to the eyes As though he shoulde say we can by no meanes atteyne to the Sanctuarie of the eternall and simple truth without the brighte brands of Scripture burning before vs Which thing no doubte was signifyed by those wise men who comming from the East parts of the worlde although for a space they rightly followed the Starre as the rule of reason yet was it néedefull for them to the intente they myghte fynde out CHRIST the Kyng and worship him to be resolued out of the Oracles of the Prophetes as concerning the place where hée shoulde bée borne Math 2. The holy man Antonius myghte in déede saye wyth a safe conscience that thys huge and vnmeasurable Worlde was to him in stead of a Booke for so muchâ— as
places it is not obscurely signified firste that the Bookes of holy Scripture were in times paste by Readers from an hyghe Pulpit with a cleare voice whyche all myghte heare and in the common tongue whyche all might vnderstande accustomed to be recited Secondlye that by name were rehearsed Moses the residue of the Prophets the Psalmes the Gospels the Actes of the Apostles the Apostolicall Epistles and that for the moste parte these bookes were read through from the beginning to the ende Lastly that this order was obserued that the reading wente alwaies before and then followed a more large declaration of the thinges that were read by some one that was excellent in the gifte of Prophecie In the meane time the godly Doctors and Teachers neuer ceassed to exhorte their godlye hearers that they woulde daylye also reade ouer the holy Scriptures at home at their owne houses that they woulde priuatelye call to minde the things that they hadde publikely heard and that by the example of those of Berea they would duly weigh and examine them by the ballaunce and touchstone of the Scriptures And of the peoples diligence profiting at that time in reading the holy Scriptures this is no doubtfull argument for that it was not néedfull for the Doctours themselues thoughe some men in these oure dayes doe very weywardly and importunately vrge it to expresse at all times the names of the Authours and Chapters of the holy bookes In as much as the people themselues so soone as they hadde hearde any place alleaged and broughte forth by and by vnderstood in what Author in what booke and in what parte of the booke the same was to be founde as they that were verye well exercised by reason of their daylye and domesticall reading Therefore the thinges that in so many ages and in euerie place were with singular care great commendation and with no lesse fruite accustomed to be done in sacred assemblies or méetings wherevnto all Christians of all estates and degrées whatsoeuer vsually came togither We may iudge also to be verye séeming and sitting for all the professours of Christianitie in these oure dayes neither can we suppose them to bée within the compasse of Christes flocke or folde that shall contemptuouslie refuse eyther to heare the holy Scriptures in the Churche or to reade them oftentymes at home by themselues Wherefore if thou dwellest in suche a place where as the Propheticall and Apostolique writings are not accustomed to bée recited in holy publike assemblies then forsooth is it most requisite and necessarie that thou shouldest prescribe vnto thy selfe a perpetuall and vnchangeable Lawe as touching the dayly reading of them at home at thy house But if thou dwellest where they are publikelie recited in a tong knowen vnto thée it is well and thou hast good cause to reioyce wyth thy selfe as one in farre more happie estate than infinite thousands of men whome a man may finde euery where in Cities Townes Villages and stréetes vtterly voyde and destitute of the knowledge of Heauenly and Spirituall thyngs but thou must prouide neuerthelesse with all possible diligence that thou mayest profite and goe forwarde in the wholesome doctrine of GODS worde not onely in the Lordes house or Temple but also in thine owne priuate house by all occasions and to the vttermost of thy power according to the holye admonitions of godly and learned Pastors For true Christianitie consisteth not in thys that a man doth oftentimes conueygh hymselfe bodilie from hys House to the Churche but in that a man both at home and in the Churche shoulde bende hys whole heart and mynde to the true vnderstanding of the mysteries of GODS holye worde But why doe we not alleadge some of the exhortations that the holy Fathers vsed to make to their hearers when they coueted to stirre them vp to the priuate reading of the sacred Scriptures forsooth I trust they wyll no lesse profite now a great number than it is certayn they profited in times past For they prouided their painefull workes both for vs and our whole posteritie And certes for mâ—ne owne part I confesse I coulde not deuâ—se either more pithy or profitable exhortations than thâ—irs are OrigeÌ„ therfore about the yeare of our Lord 230. being a Doctor of the famous schole and Church of Alexandria from when his voyce sounded into the whole world namely whilest out of his Auditory there came on euerye side innumerable wise gouernours of Churches whom also Mammea mother of AlexaÌ„der Seuerus the Emperor called vnto hir for a time to Antioch whilest hir desire was to be instructed of hym the same OrigeÌ„ I say expounding the booke of Leuiticus in his homilie 9. hath these words For those only doeth the high Priest aduocate propitiator Christ pray that are the Lords inheritaunce that wayte for him before the gates that depart not froÌ„ the teÌ„ple but giue theÌ„selues to fasting and prayer Dost thou thinke that scarcely coÌ„mest to the Church on holy and festiual dayes neyther giuest thy selfe to heare the word of God nor applyest thy diligeÌ„ce to keepe his coÌ„maundements that the Lords inheritance can light vpon thee Neuerthelesse we wish that by the hearing of these things you would bend your selues not only in the Church to hearken to the worde of God but also in your own houses to be exercised and to meditate in the law of the Lord day night for Christ is eueÌ„ there also and euery where present to all those that seeke after him For therfore is it commaunded in the law that wee should thinke vpon it when we go by the way when we sit in the house and when we ly in our bed and when we rise vp and this is in very deed truely to waite before the dores for the high Priest tarying within in the holye place and to become the Lords inheritaunce Againe in the self same homilie not much after he inueigheth sharply against those the when they heare the Scriptures red do not as they ought to do giue diligent héed vnto theÌ„ And at length hauing exhorted theÌ„ to bridle the flesh to stir vp the spirite he addeth immediatelye these wordes as touching the hearing reading of the word of GOD If thou coÌ„mest often to the Church loke thou giue eare to the hearing of the holy scriptures see thou takest hold of the meaning of the heauenly coÌ„maundements For as the flesh is nourished with meat drinke eueÌ„ so is the spirite strengthned with the liuely sense and working of the word of God which being made more stroÌ„g wil enforce the flesh to stoop vnto him to be obedieÌ„t to his laws The nourishments therfore of the spirite are the reading of the Scriptures coÌ„tinual prayers teaching coÌ„ference of the word With these meats it is norished with these it is streÌ„gthned with these it getteth the vpper haÌ„d Which things bycause ye do not loke ye coÌ„plaine not of the infirmitie of your flesh The same
coÌ„tinually reading coÌ„mitting many things to memorie his often questioning enquiring gréedie receiuing of answers Who is able to vtter in wordes the godly affectioÌ„s of the father so gently applying himselfe to the capacitie of his child and yet in the meane time priuilie wondering with himselfe inwardly reioycing But it is much better for you that are fathers of families whom GOD hath blessed with déere childreÌ„ to cast coÌ„sider with your feitâ—â—s what great say gladnes should happen vnto you if you might but sée youre little ones through your coÌ„tinual alluremeÌ„ts exhortatioÌ„s to profit in the knowledge of GODS word after the same maner the Origen did I am sure certaine that no man coulde prosecute in words the superabounding spirituall say of your godly hearts Eusebius Bishop of Emisa flourished as some write about the yeare of CHRISTES incarnatioÌ„ 350. He in a certaine Homily vpoÌ„ the Gospell of the fourth Sunday after the Epiphanie hath left in writing as followeth Christians ought to haue this custome among theÌ„ namely to come daily to the Church to reade daily theÌ„selues or if they be not able to do it to heare others reade As touching which Eusebius Georgius Laodicenus reporteth that he was euen froÌ„ his childhod nouzeled in the sacred Scriptures after the custome of his CouÌ„try as one borne at Edessa a Citie in Mesopotamia There passed 170 yeares at the least froÌ„ the death of Origen that is to the yeare of our Lord. 400. at what time the Scepters were in the haÌ„ds of Honorius Arcadius Emperours and behold among the Doctors of the Church Iohn Chrisost Bish of ConstaÌ„ti held the chief soueraigne place whom it behoueth vs to acknowlege not to be a Pericles of Greece vpoÌ„ whose lips Pitho the Lady of eloquence is said to haue sitteÌ„ but far more excelleÌ„t thaÌ„ any Pericles the euer was séeing that all posterities after him euen to these our dayes by reason of his woÌ„derful grace in speaking teaching do honor him by the name title of Chrâ—sostomos that is to say Golden mouth How abuÌ„dantly therfore with what magnificeÌ„cie both of matter sentence he was accustomed in Preaching to stirre vp and prouoke all sorts of people to the reading of the holy Scriptures innumerable places in his popular sermoÌ„s which are euen yet in mens hands do euidently proue which if I would take in hand to set downe in order I should bée constreyned to fill vp no small Booke or volume It shall be sufficient therefore to adde only a few of them out of which euery man may take as it were a tast of the rest In his Homilie 9. vpon the Epistle to the Colossians entreating of these words Let the word of Christ dwell in you plenteously Hearken sayeth he yee men of the world euen so many of you as are heere presente and haue the ouersight of wiues and children how it is commaunded euen to you especially to reade the Scriptures and that also not slightely nor slackly but with greate heedefulnesse and diligence For like as he that is ritch in substance may well away sometime with losse and hynderance euen so may he also that is ritch in wisedome take well in worth not only pouertie but all other calamities likewise whatsoeuer and that so muche the more easilie And after a fewe wordes Neyther weigh thou sayth he anye other teacher Thou hast the Oracles of GOD no man can teach thee like vnto them Some other peraduenture may ofttimes eyther through vaineglory or through enuie keepe backe manye things from thee Heare I beseeche you all yee worldly men purchase to your selues the Bible as a medicine for your soule if you will not be at all that cost buy at the least the New Testamente the Actes of the Apostles the Gospels and Epistles to be youre continuall teachers and instructers If trouble come resort hither as to a storehouse of remedies and medicines from hence take vnto you the easemente of your griefe the comforte of your crosse whether it be hurt or hinderance or death or losse of goodes or losse of friends that happen vnto you nay resorte not hither and looke in only but turne al things ouer and ouer and conteyne them in your mindes This finally is the cause of all euils euen the ignorance of the Scriptures We goe to the battell without weapons and how can we be safe Armed men are wont to get the vpper hand and to saue themselues so are naked men neuer Caste not al things vpon our shoulders Yee are sheepe yet not withoute reason but reasonable Paule committeth many thinges to you also They that are sente to instructe others reste not alwayes vppon this that they might learne otherwise they shoulde not learne well If thou alwayes bee a learner thou shalte neuer bee learned Come not in suche order as thou wouldest alwayes bee taughte for so thou shalte neuer come to knowledge but as one that woulde at length make an ende of learning and so teache others in the same Arte or Skill Againe in the same place to the fathers of housholdes he sayeth It behoued you onely to be instructed by vs and youre wiues and children to bee instructed by you But you leaue all thinges to bee accomplished of vs and therfore susteine wee no little griefe Teache sayeth the Apostle and admonishe you one another in Psalmes and Hymnes and spirituall songs Where hee giueth vs to vnderstande also that it is the duetye of parentes to teache their children Psalmes and Songs The same Authour expounding publikely to the people the Booke of Genesis Homilie 29. sayeth thus I pray and beseeche you that you woulde repayre hither oftentimes and gyue diligent heede to the reading of the holye Scriptures and that not onelye when yee come hither but at home also at youre houses take the Bible into your handes and wyth a greate care and industrie receiue the profite contayned therein For why thereby shall yee reape muche gaine For firste of all by readyng is the tongue reformed then nexte the soule taketh wings and mounteth alofte and by the beames of the Sunne of Righteousnesse is illuminated and made light and during all that time is ridde from the enticementes of vncleane thoughtes and enioyeth muche quietnesse and tranquilitie Moreouer loke what strength sensible meate giueth to the bodye the same giueth readyng to the soule For it is a spirituall nourishment and maketh the soule strong and constanter and more desirous of wisedome not suffering it to be ouertaken with foolysh cogitations but making it light and nimble with wings translateth it as is sayde into heauen it selfe So greate a gaine therefore I beseech you let vs not loose throughe our negligence but let vs both at home apply our selues to the reading of the diuine Scriptures and also being here present let vs not spende the time in trifles and vnprofitable communications but weyghing wherfore we come
the Laitie ought to haue not onely sufficiently but abundauntly also the worde of Christe dwelling in them and that they ought to teache or admonishe one an other But what me thinketh thou bitest in thy lippe and couertly mockest me crying out against me that there is not so muche as one crumme of Hieroms meaning in those Commentaries Go to verily if thou wilte be it so But what if we sette downe other things whiche thou neuer darest to reiect as straunge or counterfaite and yet haue the selfe same meaning that the wordes goyng before haue Heare what hée sayth expounding the seconde Chapiter of the Epistle to Titus Lette the senses bee exercised and the minde dailye fedde with diuine readings and so shall our questions not become foolishe There is no man in a manner but knoweth the learned and long Epistle of Hierome written to Paulinus In this is contayned a huge heape of moste excellent reasons prouoking to the study of the holy Scriptures where are so digested and putte in order that the whole Epistle séeth not to bée written to Paulinus alone but generallye also to all Christians In consideration wherof it came to passe also that our auncestours nowe for certaine ages paste whoulde haue the same as a most profitable instructiō like as it is in very déed to be prefixed set before the holy Bible And albeit in the same Epistle he somwhat sharply inueyeth against the impudency and rashnes of some men which take vpon thē to teach the Scriptures before they haue learned thē cōplayneth that they to wit the holy Scriptures are of euery pratling Gossup doting olde man babling Sophister finally of all sortes of people too too vnreuerently handled and mangled yet neuerthelesse intending to signify that no manne of what state or condition soeuer oughte to be restrayned from the reading of them hée addeth immediatelye after That in them doe therefore appeare a certaine simplicitie and basenesse of wordes to the intent the rude and rusticall people mighte the more easily bee instructed and not only the learned but also the vnlearned receiue profite euerye one according to their capacitie And to learne verily it lyeth al mē vpon indifferently to teach not so But there is moreouer in Hieroms iudgement somewhat peraduenture that the haters of holy Doctrine will more maruaile at In as muche as he doeth not onely couet to haue men to exercise themselues in reading the holy Bookes But also he exhorteth commaundeth and vehemently vrgeth that Virgins that matrones entangled with the cares of houshould matters that widowes would giue themselues to the selfe same studies of holy scripture For so he writeth to Demetriades in his Epistle or booke De Viginitate seruanda This one thing O thou daughter of God And chiefly loe this one I will thee tell and ofte thee warne The same to thinke vpon Namely that thou occupy thy mind in the loue of holy reading neither suffer the good grounde of thy hart to bee infected wyth the seede of Darnell and Tares Leaste the goodman of the house beyng asleepe which is Nous that is to saye the minde alwayes cleauyng to God the enimy come and sowe Cockle in it c. Againe he sayeth Determine with thy selfe howe many houres thou oughtest to bestowe in learning the holye Scripture howe muche time in reading not to wearye thee but to delighte and instructe thy soule Straighte after there followe preceptes as touching handye laboure as of Spinning Weauing and so forthe Then in the latter end of the same Epistle Ioine saith hée the end to the beginning neither am I content once to haue admonished thee loue the holy Scriptures and Wisedome will loue thee loue hir and shee will saue thee honour hir and shee will embrace thee Furthermore in Epistola ad Celantiam matronam whiche is entituled Of the Institution of a good Huswife for whether it bée Hieroms as some thinke or of Pautinus doyng as othersome will haue it I neyther nowe dispute neither doth it greately skill séeing it is agréede vppon among all menne that it is bothe godly and learned and also compiled in that age we reade thus Let thy chiefe and principall care bee to knowe the lawe of God by the whiche thou mayste as it were beholde the present examples of the saintes before thine eyes Learne by the counsell thereof what thou oughtest to doe and what thou oughtest to leaue vndone For the greatest furtheraunce to righteousnesse that can be is to replenishe the harte and soule with the sweete testimonies of the Lord and that which thou couetest to execute indeede alwaies to ponder and meditate in thy minde To the people yet rude and not vsed to obedience it is commaunded of the Lorde by Moses that for a token of memorie wherby they might remember the commaundementes of the Lorde they should throughout the skirtes of their garmentes haue certaine ornamentes of purple and scarlet coloure indifferently meynte that euen when they looked by chaunce hither and thither they mighte still bee putte in minde of the heauenly commaundements And straitwayes after a fewe words comming betwéene hée sayth Seeing thou keepest not nowe the preceptes of the Letter but of the Spirite thy mindefulnesse of the diuine commaundements is spiritually to bee garnished whereby thou haste not so often to recorde the precepts of the Lorde as alwayes to thinke vppon them Let the holy Scriptures therfore be euermore in thy handes and ponder them continually in thy minde thinke it not ynoughe for thee to keepe the commaundements of God in thy minde and in thy deeds to forgette them But for this cause learne to know that thou mayst do whatsoeuer thou haste learned to be done Againe in the same place So farre forth be careful for thy house as thou mayst notwithstanding bestow some tyme in caring for thy soule Choose to thy selfe some fitte place somewhat remoued from the noyse of thy family wherevnto as vnto a Hauen as a man whoulde saye oute of a huge tempeste of cares conuey thy selfe and the waues of thy thoughtes that were raysed withoute dispose thou within to tranquilitie and quietnesse See thou bestowe there so much study in holy reading so often and plentifull prayers so firme and precise consideration of things to come as that thou mayste easilye by this occasion make amendes for all the lettes of the residue of thy tyme. Thus much hathe hée there Nowe let vs sée what Hierome requireth of widowes in this behalfe ad Saluinam de viduitate seruanda hée sayeth Bee alwayes occupied in reading the holy Scriptures and vse so often and feruent prayers that al the dartes of euill thoughts wherewith youth is wonte to bee pierced thoroughe maye with this shield bee beaten backe Likewise to Furia the widowe hée sayeth When thou goest to meate remember that by and by thou oughtest to praye and euen forthwith also to reade Oute of the holye Scriptures haue a certaine number of verses fixed in
that time counted for moste precious householde stuffe and euery house was after a sorte I say not only a schole but euen a Churche also adorned and beautifyed with the dayly exercises of reading the Scriptures interpretations and prayers Of whyche houses it is certaine that the Apostlement whē to the Romaynes the sixtéenth he saluted the Churche which was in the house of Prisca and Aquila and when as writing to Philemon he wisheth well to the whole Churche that remayned in his house But what thinkest thou woulde those holye fathers saye if it were so that they might now liue again They gently friendly admonishe they seuerely cōmaunded one while publikely to all another while priuately to euery one that they shoulde themselues with all care and enforcemente fashion and conforme their mindes by the reading of the holy Scriptures and this did they at that time wherin the Common weales were on euery side afflicted with warres and tumultes wherein the Churches were with the stormes of Heresies and Schismes vtterly in a manner ouerwhelmed and torne in sunder wherin was a horrible and lamentable confusion almoste of all humaine affaires wherein men were constrained to paye verye deare for their bookes written in parchments and yet notwithstanding they had innumerable hearers of euery sort age and sexe which gently toke in good parte their godly admonitions and most willingly obeyed the same But now when as al things are indifferently quiet both at home and abroade and we inioye if no continuall rest yet at the least a releasement of many troubles when the copies of the holy Bookes by reason of the newe art of Printing found out by the prouidence of GOD are in all partes of the worlde solde for little eyther howe many prouinces may we see in which neyther Byshop nor doctour nor Pastor nor elder nor yet any other maketh any mention at all of buylding pervsing at home of the bookes of the holy Byble Nay rather whyche is farre more bitter and shamefull to be spoken as that whyche tendeth to the vnspeakeable reproche of Gods glorie and of the true and Catholike Churche there are founde in some places Prelates of Churches whiche with grieuous threatnings and penalties doe vtterly forbidde the people to reade them or once to meddle with them Yea and we haue tryed by experience that some good men haue bene sore punished of suche for that they had begunne to reade how little soeuer it were at home in their houses And whych thou mayste more maruell at when the wicked rage of some cursed persons coulde not with thys crueltie be satisfied they tooke delighte moreouer to bring to passe that the like outrage shoulde be shewed euen to the harmlesse bookes themselues For euen in our time the holy Bibles haue in some places openly and by publike officers bene cursed to the fire and consumed to ashes As who shoulde say there were come vnto vs againe from Hell Iehioachim and his rablement of flatterers presuming to burn the Sermons whiche Baruch receyued from the mouth of Ieremye Ieremie 36. As thoughe there were come againe the tyraunt Antiochus whose men of war tare the volumes of the lawe in péeres and set them on fire intendyng by that meanes to gratifye their maister whome they knewe to be fullye minded vtterly to roote out all the Iewish religion 1. Machab. 1. And as though there were come againe Dioclesian who for the hatred he bare vnto Christ and to the Christians as witnesseth Eusebius in his booke 8. Chap. 2. of the Ecclesiasticall Historie deliuered al the bookes of the Prophetes and Apostles not sparing so much as one of them to the fire to be burned How long O Lord shal these abuse thy patience Seest thou so many and so greate iniuries to be done vnto thy name and yet deferreft thou to take vengeaunce To thée oh GOD to thee that art Lord of al reuengements we leaue vengeaunce thou when thou séest thy time wilt repaie But how am I fallen into this sincke whiche the more it is stirred the more foule and pestilent sauours it breatheth forth Truely this dolefull mention as touching the burning of Bibles is slipped from mée against my will but yet it is very true and the vnworthynesse of the thing enforced me vnto it But where there be none as I began to say to stir vp the people to the reading of the scriptures there must all of necessitie sticke in darkenesse and that more grosse and palpable than was the darkenesse of Egipt and as those that are attached with the disease called the Lethargie alwayes sléepe till they snort againe in the selfe same mischife and finally without all hope of recouerie die and be buried in a miserable ignoraunce of all heauenly and spiritual things Verily whilest I behold more néerely the great slouthfulnesse negligence of our Countrymen in this behalf I féele my selfe forth with to be so disquieted that I had much liuer to wéepe than to saye any thing at al. Let the men of our time yea let a number of proude ouer masterly Prelates as they cal them the fatte engrossers of Churches be ashamed be ashamed I saye to sée that in reading of the scriptures in debating of Christiā religiō poore séely maydens women of the auntient age wherein the famous doctors a little before named liued should far away surmount excell them without al cōparision Of these maydens and matrones some led their liues in the furthest partes of all Europe toward the North and yet with no smal charge and peril they sent messengers ouer Sea and lande some to Ierome into Asia othersome to saint Augustine into Africa others to be short into other places and all to this ende and purpose that they mighte haue certaine darke and obscure places of the Scriptures more clearely opened and expounded vnto them Who I beséech you would not willinglye imbrace these godly heartes so greately inflamed with desire of perceyuing the truth And yet in these our dayes there is founde euerye where and in all sortes of men so great slouthfulnesse dulnesse ignorance barbarousnesse I knowe not well what tearme apte ynough I shoulde vse that no man will eyther come or sende to the schole open in the nexte towne by no man will repayre to the Churche standing harde before his doores and alwayes open for all men to come vnto no man wil resort to his neyghbours house thoughe neuer so neare vnto hym of purpose to require anye thing to be declared vnto hym out of the scriptures yea they oftentimes come togither vnder one and the selfesame roofe they eate dayly at one common table and yet are they so estraunged as it were with a certaine lothsomnesse and fulnesse of stomacke that one is ashamed to aske and learne any thing of another Verily I can scarcely beléeue that our auncestoures in whome there was so feruente a desire of vnderstanding the holy scriptures if they should but sée
being once taken awaye it cannot be chosen but that infinite daungers must straight and immediately follow after Nowe therefore if we cannot be contente to haue oure Churches reformed and rightlye ordered if we couet to haue our scholes brought into a good frame if we wishe with our heartes to sée all the partes of oure Common weale to florish and recouer their former beautie if wée â—ong vnfeynedly to haue those kings and peoples reconâ—led and vnite vnto vs that are hitherto seuered from 〈◊〉 in the cause of Religion if wée desire to haue a certaine happy worlde so farre forth I meane as appertayneth to the aboundance of spirituall benefites such a one perhaps as happened for a whyle vnder Salomon Iosias Ezechias Ezra c. then the presentest helpe and furtherance to the performaunce of all these things wil be euen this namely if we apply our studies and cares to the continual reading and searching of the holy Scriptures And we sée verily God be thaÌ„ked pleÌ„tiful matter and manifold furniture euery where prouided prepared for this purpose there want not helpes sundry commodities again there are set vp in al places pillers beacons to shew vs the right way wherin if we haue lust to walke we shall not hardly come to the wished marke The volumes of the holy Scriptures are none otherwise than they were in tymes paste vnder kyng Iosias 2. King. 22. or vnder Duke Ezra Nehemias 8. deliuered agayne out of the dungion of darkenesse yea and GOD thrusteth and driueth forthe into all places notable teachers whyche doe faithfully and sincerely interprete his word the brightnesse whereof so farre forth nowe euerye where shyneth and glistereth that no mortall creature can bring for excuse that hée hath not séene at the least some sparkes or beames therof Where these therefore and suche like foundations are once layde where aydes and helpes of moe sortes than one doe voluntarily offer themselues what cause is there why we shoulde not make accounte of far better things Certaine it is that if we being at any time to deale in this matter with good agréement of minds and with oure forces and strengthes ioyned togither GOD also for his parte will ayde and assiste vs more than we can aske or desire But beholde whilst we suppose our discourse to haue some weight in it and are in good hope to accomplishe something to GODS glory sodenly and at aduenture certaine as they séeme pleasaunt and mery conceyted felowes come me forth and not without floutes and scoffes laugh vs to scorne and clappe their handes at vs yea and with one only reason as with the pushe of a moste forceable Ram or rather as with the vndermyning of a trenche in the grounde take vppon them to throwe downe and subuert whatsoeuer hath of vs hytherto bene buylded vp Out vpon thée saye they wyth thy Bybles Thinkest thou that all are called to be diuines As for vs we are neither prelates nor Bishops we are neyther pastours Priests nor Deacons and to saye the truth neyther is it néedefull nor yet possible that all shoulde be suche what dost thou tel vs therfore of these things which are lay men To those that haue vowed themselues to the seruice of the Churche sing thou this song vnto whom we graunte that this burthen doth belong namely that they shoulde perpetually be occupyed about inward and spirituall affayres but as for our partes it is requisite for manye causes that we shoulde be conuersaunte in ciuill and outward businesses neyther in very déede can we otherwise choose For why one man is a King another a Prince some other a noble man or a Courtier againe this man is Iudge a Consull a Pretor a Souldior that man a Lawyer a Phisition and finally some it behoueth to be Marchauntes Artificers Husbandmen c. and wouldest thou haue all these kindes of menne to stande as it were bounde to the holy Scriptures No manne is ignorante but like as it is necessary among Christians that a diuersitie of states shoulde be had so also that dyuers and sundry dueties and actions do belong vnto euery one And of a greate number so many and troublesome are the trades and kinds of dealing that they requyre the whole man to the discharging of them No man knoweth not that those haue néede of greate forecaste counsell aduice industrie painestakyng and muche tyme that doe dayly applye themselues to the practises of Peace and Warre to Marchaundize to Handicraftes and suche like and that doe therewithal continually sustaine bothe themselues and their families Wherefore to goe about as ye woulde saye by a common decrée made so driue all the Laitie to the reading and ensearching of the holye Scriptures séemeth to be a thyng very absurde and inconuenient Yea rather necessitie it selfe requyreth that all of them shoulde be holden excused But as this excuse is knowne to be frequent and common so wyll I bring to passe that euerye man shall perceiue it to be as weake and vayne As often as exhortations are made vnto vertuous dealying and vnto all manner of good actions of life and conuersation this truely is the firste crinke and starting hole that the greatest part of men are accustomed to seeke But Chrisost in his homily 21 vpon Genes sheweth not in very manny words in déede yet suche as are graue and waightye that all lettes and impedimentes whatsoeuer are of them pretended in vayne that do not with their good willes performe any thing belonging to their duetyes For wher as the Scriptured Genesis 5. and 6. reporteth that Enoch and Noe beyng verye olde begate sonnes and daughters and yet notwithstanding worshipped GOD aright and were accepted of GOD he in good time addeth as followeth Let vs pretende neyther the gouernment of house neyther the charge of wife and children nor yet any other thyng beside as matters sufficient to excuse oure negligente and slouthfull lyfe Neyther let vs alleadge those colde wordes and saye I am a worldlyng and haue a wyfe and charge of chyldren as manye are wonte to saye if at any tyme wee exhorte them to take vppon them some vertuous labours or to apply theÌ„selues to the reading of the holy Scriptures Thys is no parte of my charge saiste thou What haue I forsaken the worlde Am I become a Monke What sayste thou O man Is it the duetie alonely of Monkes to please GOD GOD woulde haue all men to be saued and to come to the knowledge of the Trueth and that Vertue shoulde be neglected of no man For heare howe hee speaketh by the Prophete I will not the death of a sinner but that hee should be conuerted and liue Was it a lette or hinderaunce I pray you to thys iuste man he speaketh of Noe to haue the company of a wife or the charge of chyldren I beseeche you therfore that wee deceiue not our selues but by how much the more we are entangled in these cares by so much the more let vs
men shall so be stricken and pierced thorow that whosoeuer wil be counted in the nūber of Christians which make not their vaunt at the least of the vaine title maye easilye vnderstande that hée hathe of necessitie to applye himselfe diligentlye to the reading of the Scriptures Whyche thyng that wée woulde doe and accomplishe we haue once before promised alredye Tell me therefore whosoeuer thou be and haste a desire to be called a Christian I meane suche a desire as is vnfayned oughtest thou not if thou couetest in déede to be that whiche thou faine wouldest to laboure by all meanes possible to declare thy selfe to be a true and liuely member of that spirituall bodye whyche is the Churche and whereof Christe is the heade for thus we reade of all men of what age sexe dignitie or condition soeuer they be that are regenerate and borne againe in CHRIST Rom. 12. Wee being many are one body in CHRIST and euerye one seuerally one an others members 1. Corinth 12. Wee are all baptized by one spirite into one body whether wee bee Iewes or Greekes or bonde or free and we haue al tasted of one spirite And in the same Epistle and tenth Chapiter Wee that are manye are one breade and one bodye ▪ for wee are all partakers of one breade Ephes 4. One bodye and one spirite like as also you are called in one hope of youre calling One Lorde one Faith one Baptisme one GOD and father of vs all Chap. 5. Wee are members of his body whyche is the Churche Therefore thou canste not choose if so be thou wilte be counted better than an Ethnicke Iewe or Turke but testifie by some meanes that thou arte indéede a true liuelye and effectuall working member of the holye Churche of god But if thou canste not be the mouth or the eie that thou mightest sustaine the roomth of a Byshop and gouerne the Churche by commaunding ordeynyng whatsoeuer things should be profitable and necessarye if thou canste not be the tongue whereby thou mightest publikelye teache and prophecie in the Churche if thou canste not be the hande to dispose the Sacramentes or goodes of the Churche yet surely thou mayste be the eare thou mayste be the finger thou mayste be a parte of the breaste and to make an ende thou mayste and oughtest to be of that Churche whyche standeth in néede of verye manye Ministers and is alwayes occupyed aboute manye thynges some certayne member and that truelye quicke liuely stirring and suche a one as is bewtified both with féeling and mouing Onelye take héede thou dispayre not and accounte thy state to be happye if thou mayste haue place in the Churche but euen among the basest and weakest members so they be sounde and not as yet for their rottennesse to be cutte quite awaye But there is no common wealth that acknowledgeth that manne to be a Citizen and suffereth him to enioy the common priuiledges of the Countrey whyche doth not reuerence the Magistrates in it but refuseth to obey them whyche will not embrace the vprighte Lawes and excellent Statutes that are the verye sinewes of Common weales neyther promise that he will liue after them Neither in very déede deserueth hée the name of a good Citizen that careth for none of those thynges whyche pertayne eyther to the dignitie of the Common wealth wherein he liueth or to hys duetie in defending and adorning the same Howe then shall the Churche iudge thée to be a liuelye member of hirs incase thou doest not homage as thou arte bounde vnto CHRISTE hir heade incase thou neuer bethinke thy selfe to vnderstande the Doctrine of CHRISTE incase she perceyueth no lyfe of Fayth no motion of anye good actions to be in thée the Churche finally is not holpen by any duety or diligence of thine For why it is certayne that all the godlye do receiue lyfe and mouing from CHRISTE their heade and from hys worde CHRISTE is the life of the Churche who powreth abroade after a wonderfull manner his vitall powers into all hys members and the wordes whyche CHRIST speaketh are spirite and lyfe Ioh. 6. and againe by the worde of GOD the faithfull do liue Deut. 4. Math. 4. Is any of you so fonde and foolishe as to thinke himselfe for thys cause onelye to become a member of the Churche for that he doeth nowe and then or if hée will euerye daye in the wéeke repayre corporally to holye assemblies Nay it behoueth thée to be ingraffed and linked into that bodye in spirite like as in verye déede the selfe same bodye is spirituall But the spirite is nourished and sustained by the word wyth the which it hath a certaine Anologie or proportion Now therefore if so be either when thou arte present in Ecclesiasticall assemblies whiche are especiallye ordayned for the handling of Gods worde or when thou art returned home to thy house thou intentiuely readest the worde of GOD hearest it and layest it vppe in thy mind then beléeue me shalt thou bée reputed and taken in very déede for a liuely member of the Church And truely this is a verye small matter and easie to be done whyche as a testimonye of thy engraffing into the Churche wée requyre at thy handes For if thou refuse once to ensearche the Scriptures doubtlesse I doe not sée howe thou shalte bée able to perfourme anye thyng worthye of commendation Hée that cannot abide to apply himselfe to the hearing and reading of Gods worde wythout the which there is no accesse vnto Faith howe shall we suppose that he can be broughte to accomplishe anye workes or dueties of Loue flowing out of Faith for soothly where the word of GOD is there is hearing where Hearing is there is Faith where Fayth is there followe of necessitie the workes of loue Be carefull therefore to heare reade and vnderstande the worde of GOD so shalte thou haue Faith and the fruites of Faith and Workes yea and so shall all thinges redounde to the common edifying and encrease of the wholebodye of the Churche Ephes 4. But I haue further to demaunde of thée O Christian for I doe as willingly for mine owne parte attribute this glorious title vnto thée as thou for thy parte arte willing to heare it Wherefore I praye thée art thou called a Christian but bycause thou beléuest in IESVS CHRIST and haste once receyued baptisme as a seale of this thy fayth and of the Righteousnesse thereof But howe wilte thou perswade vs that thou beléeuest in CHRIST if so be thou be ignorante of the articles of Fayth if thou canst not make confession of thy Fayth and so ofte as néede is render an accompte of the same for there are certayne generall preceptes prescribed indifferently to all Christians as Hee that beleeueth shall be saued Math. 28. Rom. 10. c. He that confesseth me before men I wil confesse him before my father whiche is in Heauen Math. 10. Marc. 8. and Luke laste Againe Rom. 10. With the hearte man beleeueth
saith he more fonde than children that saye Blessed is euerye soule that is simple and hee that walketh in Simplicitie walketh in Faith. This truelye is the cause of all calamities that a great number can no skill to alleadge fitte testimonyes of Scripture for matters in question For the simple in that place is not to be taken for the Foole and for hym that knoweth nothing at all but for hym that is not euill for hym that is not craftye For if it shoulde so bee vnderstoode it hadde beene superfluous to saye Be yee wise as Serpentes and simple as Doues But nowe oughte euerye man very carefully to beware and take héede leaste he erre in anye wise in the Doctrine of Faith or be deceyued and beguiled of others The Angell of darkenesse oft times changeth himselfe into the likenesse of an Angell of lighte In these dayes are to be séene euery where greate swarmes of Hipocrites false teachers and enuious mē whiche doe breake into the Lords field by night and there sow darnell Againe there is no man priuie in his owne conscience that he is on euery side so confirmed in sound doctrine but that he may both be deceyued of others and also deceyue others yea and euen himselfe to Our firste Parentes Adam and Eue whome God had adorned as well with perfite righteousnesse as also with a most plentifull knowledge of all goodnesse and many other spirituall graces were notwithstanding beguiled of the subtil serpent and euen forthwith withoute any great striuing gaue consent to hys treacheries and illusions How and by what meanes therefore may we warrant our selues that we shall in no case be insnared or intangled when as we are both farre more weake than they and the old serpente dothe nowe no lesse craftily than in times past endeuoure by Heretikes and false teachers to intrap and circumuent vs He then may séeme rightly to be out of his wittes and euen to striue with reason it selfe whosoeuer feareth not ne standeth in doubte of suche a daunger And soothly that thou mayest arme thy selfe substancially against all pestilent opinions that thou mayst be able to auoyde to preuente and beate backe the strokes of the aduersaries who séeke on euery side with the enuenomed dartes of wicked arguments to assayle and set vpon thée and mayst stande so fast and perseuer so vnvanquishable in sound doctrine as is most méete and requisite thou hast néede to put on spirituall weapons the shield of faith the helmet of saluation but especially the sword of the spirit which is the word of God as the Apostle teacheth and commaundeth in the sixte of the Ephe. But thus doth he arme and defend himselfe that dayly and duly heareth readeth meditateth learneth the worde of GOD set forth in the bookes of holy Scripture For the Apostle Paul in the second Epistle to Timothy and third Chapter sayth very well that the Scripture is profitable to reproue and confute those that casting abrode the nettes of false opinions goe about to beguyle to maske and destroy the vnwary and weake What doctrine soeuer is first brought in it is necessarye that the same be tried by the touchstone of the holy Scripture as by a most absolute rule And there are to be found euery where in the sacred bookes as wel exhortations which do plainely shewe with what great héedfulnesse the authours of sects are to be auoyded as also counsels and certaine reasons whyche doe no lesse euidently declare how wisely and circumspectlye the same ought to be resisted Whych things do verye plainely proue that it is a most vaine toy that a number to beguile simple people withall do oft times iangle off and haue continually in their mouthes reading of the Scriptures doe by by become Heretickes But this speach is more worthy to be abhorred and abandoned than to be answered For what other thing else is this than to saye that the Phisicke wisely giuen and ministred of GOD himselfe is poyson and that sicknesse death is procured by that thing which is prouided to the furtherance of health and preseruation of life Shall we thinke him that we haue oftentimes spoken off Iohn Chrisostome to haue bene beside himselfe and voyde of reason who following the iudgement of the Apostle by howe muche more he sawe many Heresies to growe vppe in his time and in manner of the disease called the canker to créepe further and further by so muche more thought it necessarie to haue his hearers admonished that they shoulde diligently apply themselues to the reading of the holye Scriptures There were in déede at that time no small number of Heretikes as namely the Manichees the Anomaeans the Arians Aetians Eunomians Valentinians and Marcionites the Marcellians and Sabellians the Acoluthiās there were to be short Gentiles and such as following the Emperoure Iulianus had reuolted from the Tentes of the Christians for with all these it is euident that hée encountred by sharpning his penne againste them and so much the rather for that they vnmeasurably vexed the Churches of Constantinople and else where ouer all Greece and verye manye menne being otherwise not euill were seduced by them This necessitie therefore draue the most vigilant Bishoppe to stirre vp all mens mindes as well by bookes notoriously written as also by publike preachings and Sermons to the continuall reading of the propheticall and Apostolicke wrytings as wée haue more than once or twice here alreadye And in one place hée pronounceth that is we intende to resiste Heresies and to descerne the true Churche from the conuenticles of Heretikes we haue néede especially to the doing of it of the ayde and furtheraunce of the Scriptures Hys words in the exposition of the foure and twentie Cha. of Math. Homilie 49. are these In these dayes since Heresie inuaded the Churches there can no triall bee hadde of true Christianitie neyther is there any other refuge for Christians desirous to knowe the variety of Fayth than the holy Scripture of god Before indeed it was shewed many wayes whych was the Churche of CHRIST and whiche was Gentilitie but nowe it can no waye bee knowen of anye whyche is the true Churche of CHRIST but onely by the Scriptures And why Bycause that all these thyngs whyche are properlye Christes in trueth those Heresies haue also in Schisme they haue Churches alike and the holy Scriptures themselues they haue Bishops alike and other orders of Clearkes they haue Baptisme alike they haue the Eucharist alike and al other things and finally euen Christ himselfe A man therefore desirous to know which is the true Chuche of Christ howe shall he knowe in so great a confusion of likenesse but only and alone by the Scriptures Againe before tyme the Churche of Christ was knowen by hir very maners and conditions when the conuersation of Christians either of al or of the most was holy and blamelesse which was not so among the vngodly But nowe Christians are become as euill or worse than are
of the bones and to the innermost entrayles of the heart and euen leaueth behynde it certaine strings sticking fast of long tyme after in the minds of the readers whiche thyng to be true Sainct Augustine in his booke of Confessions and other holy meÌ„ do auouch that they haue tryed by experience And Iohn Chrysostome in his thirde Sermon of Lazarus presumeth to saye That men euen only by the outwarde viewe of the holy bookes are afrayde to commit sinne and that wheresoeuer the spirituall books are from thence is expelled the force of the Diuell and all things become there safe and sound But he that heareth not GOD in the Scriptures by a certaine priuye violence but yet with great absolute authoritie briefely ripping vp sinnes though neuer so secret and hidden how will he heare man when he accuseth controlleth or also by a certain graue kind of speaking condemneth them But if there be any person that neyther admitteth man to be his counseller nor yet hearkeneth vnto GOD continually speaking in the Scriptures that such a one from his hearte shoulde be a Christian no man I am sure but he that is ouer lightly carried away with wordes and willingly suffereth himselfe to be deceyued wil euer graunt or allow Therefore to the intente thou mayst declare that thou arte at the least vnfeynedly sory for that thou remaynest fast fettered in the bandes of sinne and that thou couetest to heare GOD louingly and with a fatherlye affection talking with thée admonishing thée and calling thée backe into the righte waye before thou be vtterly destroyed thou wilt if thou wise be invre thy selfe dayly to reade the holy Scriptures and in them as in a glasse beholde and learne more familiarly to knowe not so muche what GOD is as what thou thy self art But howe large a fielde shoulde be opened incase I mighte speake of consolations whereof in the holye Scripture are expressed innumerable and the same most certayne and sound For albeit Philosophye hathe nowe long since béene commended of hir retayners for many causes but especiallye for that she ministreth in aduersitie a present comforte yet are all Philosophicall reasons found to be very faint barren colde weak if they be compared with those whyche the holy Scriptures do afford Truly I haue oftetimes sorrowed with my self and complayned that as well Tullius Hortensius with which worke Saint Aug. confesseth himselfe to haue bin wonderfully stirred vp in his 3. booke and 4. Chap. of Confessions as also his booke of Comforte likewise the excellent and moste cleare Consolatory workes of other Philosophers beside are vtterly loste But my minde somewhat stayed with thys cogitation I againe confirmed interpreting that this thing came not to passed wythoute the prouidence of GOD namely to the intent that men when they sée themselues depriued of the necessarye ayde of suche writings mighte take occasion to flye more studiously to the holy bookes out of which onely and alone the remedy against euery heauy happe and all lamentable and dolefull euents is to be taken For to this ende especially is the Scripture before all other disciplines put foorth that it mighte supply in the families and asseÌ„blies of wretched creatures the moste néedefull and commendable office of comforting Whervpon to the Romaines 15. the Apostle affirmeth that whatsoeuer thinges are reuealed in the holy Scriptures are reuealed for oure learning to the intent that by the worthye examples of Patience and by the notable Sermons of comfort made euery where by the Prophetes Christe and Apostles wée might be encouraged and supported to the holding faste of oure hope in daungers and to the inuincible goyng forwarde in all godlinesse and vertue And who is he I beséeche you that will not iudge that a man ought rather to gyue credite and to staye hymselfe vppon the comfortable perswasions that are giuen from the holye Ghost that is from GOD himselfe and which by reason of the dignitie power and goodnesse of God must of necessitie by all meanes be effectuall and fruitefull than vpon those that are vttered and put forth of men whiche do themselues wauer and are oft-times deceyued neuer able to perfourme the things that they promise and to be shorte being taken for very tall men of their hands do commonly stande in néede to be comforted and encouraged by others If there be anye thyng sayth Hierome in the Preface of his Commentaries on the Epistle to the Ephesians that holdeth vp a wise man in this life and perswadeth him to abide paciently among the troubles and vexations of the world then is it euen this specially in my iudgement namely the meditation and knowledge of the Scriptures Whyche things séeing they are thus verily I am not afrayd to saye that like as God hathe so appoynted that no man whether he bée in noble or base condition should be vtterly voyde and frée from all dangers so also is it to bée determined that no man in what state or calling soeuer he bée can wante or bée withoute the reading hearing and vnderstanding of the Scriptures Let there come forth amongst vs some odde Christian and tell vs that he was neuer at anye time assayled with the dartes of temptations eyther inward or outwarde that he was neuer héeretofore plunged in anye troubles or perturbations or that he neuer néedeth to feare any héereafter let such a one I saye come forthe and he shall make vs beléeue that hée is one alone that wanteth no comforte and to whome we ought to graunte that hée maye liue and dye in the ignorance of the Scriptures But woulde to God that miserable and tenne tymes wretched men compassed aboute on euerie side with innumerable calamities could sufficiently consider partly their owne weakenesse farre vnfiâ—te to susteyne the burthen of so many miseries continuallye oppressing them partlye the most bountifull helps and comforts which they may receyue out of the holy Scriptures then out of all doubt shuld their sâ—ates be in farre better case than they be and we shoulde not sée so many dayly as we doe to cast themselues headlong into the déepe gulfe of desperation and with theyr endlesse shame and confusion to die not onely in thys worlde but also in the world to come But the tyme would fayle me if I shoulde procéede anye further to discourse of the necessitie vtilitie and efficacie of consolations to be gathered out of the Scriptures wherefore I thinke it requisite euen héere to make an ende Therefore O yée Christians all of what state or condition soeuer ye bée I hartily pray and beséeche you by the precious bloud of our Lord and Sauiour IESVS CHRIST that yée woulde throughly perswade youre selues that the things whiche haue hitherto of me bin treated of do tende first to the sanctifying and celebrating of Gods name héere on earth and next to the stirring vp of euery one of you to the intente you maye become diligente in procuring the businesse of youre owne euerlasting saluation
by what meanes a man may pick out leysure and oportunitie to reade the holy Scriptures Verily I dare auouch that there is no kind of calling so vnwrapped or intangled in businesses wherein may not be had a conuenient respite to think vpon and accomplish somthing for the safetie and preseruation of the soule Among the offices that are full of difficulties and daungers maye be reckoned the kingdome the state of Consuls Lieutenauntes Iudges the gouernement of armies and if there bée anye honourable function besides in a great and mightie Commonwealth And it is euident that a greate number of men béeing in the sayde seuerall authorities verye famous and renoumed euen in the troublesome state of things and in the greatest flouds of cares and perplexities gaue notwithstanding a certaine portion of time to reading writing meditation consultatioÌ„ of coÌ„cerning difficult weighty affaires Examples of the Gentiles if any be delighted to heare he shall not néede to séeke farre for them It is reported that Alexander the Greate euen whilest he was busie in leadyng aboute his royall army of souldiours vsed to reade and write diuers and sundrye things and that if at anye tyme he was to ioyne battell with his enimy he woulde snatche vp some one booke or other for his purpose and reade whereby as by a counsailer and encourager he might be made both more apt and also more couragious to fight Octauius the Emperour if we maye credite Suetonius in a moste cruell battaile holden at Mutina a Citie of Gallia read wrote and declaymed dayly in the night time being awaked oute of sléepe he vsed a reader of Commentaries and when he was at home he would recite certaine writings of his owne to his familiar friends as vnto hearers in the Schooles Iulius Caesar as he happily fought sundry battells so put he the same himselfe as elegantly in writing and that euen in his Tentes in the noise of Trumpettes and in the confused clattering of armour and weapons so farre foorthe that a man maye doubte by whether of the two things he attained greater commendation And before thys man Cato Censorius famous for his skil both of warre and peace read very much year learned the Gréeke tong perfectlye when he was an olde man as afterwarde his graundchilde whome they called Vticensis wayting in the Courte till the Senate shoulde come togyther hadde his Bookes with him leaste any parte of the hour-glasse shoulde come forth without fruite Plinius Veronensis albeit hée was intangled with the affaires of the Courte of the lawe and of warfare yet didde hée neuer refraine hymselfe from Philosophie and from the insearching of hidden thyngs but whither he were taking his meate or iorneying or doing of some other thing he eyther read or hearde one reading wrote or indighted to one writing for him But omitting these Gentiles in whom no doubt shineth forth a wonderful industrie and care of good learning I thinke it muche better for godly and Christian people to haue the examples of godly men expounded that euen for the likenesse of religion and doctrine which they follow the mindes of all may become the more prompt and readie to imitate and imbrace the same Set before your eyes therefore the noble king Dauid a man strong and valiaunte both in war and in peace and right notable in battels and conquestes For hée whether it were so that flying the tyraunt Saule he one while wandered in obscure and forborne places another while susteyned woful banishment with the king of Geth or whither that he feared himselfe by reason of his sonne Absolon kindling the coaâ—s of ciuill warre against him or whither he should stande to the triall of battell abroade with his enimies or whither he ruled at home the raines of his kingdom was not only bent and inclined continually to the law which he had always about with him by gods coÌ„mÌ„adement but also in those most dolefull troublesome turmoyles he wrote and sang manifolde Psalmes Hys sonne and successour Salomon so administred his kingdome that he brought the same to a peaceable and most flourishing estate he was in his owne person the chiefe dealer in matter of iustice and equity the ambassadors whych kings and Princes sent vnto him as desirous to heare his wisdome and Councels he most wisely aunswered he builded moreouer most gorgiously and sumptuouslye but in al these things he omitted nothing as touching his manner of reading and pervsing the holy lawe yea he put forth parables and verses or sentences in great number he disputed most sharpely as touching summum bonum or the chiefe ende of man as is to be séene in Ecclesiastes as touching trées and plantes of beastes of birdes of wormes of fishes 1. King. 4. And what thinke yée did Ezechias and Iosias during the time of their seuerall gouernements in the studye and meditation of the holye Scriptures who to the reforming and preseruing as well of the Churche as of the common wealth vsing the counsell and aduice of the wisest of the Priestes and Prophets that age was ennobled by the excellent Prophetes Esaias Hoseas Micheas Ieremias lefte no way vnsoughte nor no stone vnturned But yet before a greate number of other that honourable Eunuch for his wonderfull diligence deserueth commendation who was the chiefe treasourer to a Quéene and alwayes occupyed in giuing and taking in casting and recasting of accomptes whyche is a moste troublesome office especiallye in a womans Courte and yet not so muche as euen then whâ—â— hée iourneyed by the waye and rode in a Chariot suffered hée the time to passe awaye withoute the reading of the Scriptures Of whome forbycause we haue spoken before nowe it shall be sufficient briefly to haue repeated thus much Notable is the praise of Cornelius the Centurion Captaine of the Italian band whom Luke Acts 10. setteth forth to haue béen a louer of sincere religion to haue feared and worshipped GOD wyth al his house which himselfe no doubt had so taught enformed to haue giueÌ„ willingly almes to the poore and finally wyth feruent prayers to haue called vpon God withoute ceassing But that he was suche a one withoute the reading and vnderstanding of the Scriptures wée canne by no means suspect séeing that euen Peter in his oration whiche he made to those that were assembled in the house of Cornelius saith playnely that the word which the Lord sent to the children of Israel preaching Peace by Iesus Christe the Lorde of all men was knowen vnto them Thou sést therfore that Kings and Princes Courtiers Lieutenaunts Capitaines whome no man can deny to be euermore distracted into manye and diuers affayres euen at what time they were in a maner oppressed with the waighte and burthen of businesses coulde finde some oportunitie to the readyng and meditation of Gods word how can then the colde and far fetched reasons take place that a number doe alleadge in greate plenty and I wote not withoute what coloured pretences to excuse
so great plentye and varietie of things maye be refreshed and therefore is the one only booke of the Psalmes before al other thought worthy to bée learned yea and to be kaÌ„ned by hart of all men This booke moreouer consisteth of prayers prepared for euerye euent and purpose of thankesgiuing it minstreth doctrine of greate importaunce and excelleÌ„cie there be in it exhortations sharpe and seuere it aboundeth with most swéete consolations yea al things are so handled and deliuered in it that in euerye parte thereof both the glorie of GOD is celebrated and set forth and the minde of man informed to godlynesse of life and conuersation Wherefore euen they also are wonte that absteyne froÌ„ other books of holy scripture not vnwillingly to exercise themselues in reading reciting dayly both morning and euening certaine of the Psalmes Which things séeing they are thus we do not without good cause and consideratioÌ„ set down our aduertisement apart by it selfe as touching the reading and substanciall learning of the Psalmes Now the Psalmes doe amount in number to a hundred and fifty and the whole yeare consisteth of two fiftie wéekes one day If therfore thou be disposed to reade ouer the booke of Psalmes once in a yeares space thou shalt read euery wéeke thrée Psalmes so shal there remayn two wéeks to spare or if thou wilt thou maist pervse only two Psalmes in euery of the last 6. wéekes But if thou be determined to read ouer the Psalmes twice in one yeare then shalt thou reade euery wéeke sixe Psalmes which will most conueniently be done if thou repeate euery day after the Lords day one Psalme Howbeit so againe will be left two wéekes voyde vnlesse peraduenture it liketh thée in euerye of the foure laste wéekes to reade only thrée Psalmes Where if incase now by obseruing the selfsame order thou wilt recite euerye wéeke nine Psalmes then shalte thou reade ouer the whole Psalter thrice in one yeare vsing a Prouiso in the meane time that in some of the latter wéekes thou distribute the number of the Psalmes according to the proportion specified in the premisses Albeit thou mayst also in suche wise diuide and participate this labour as namely in one wéeke thou mayst recytâ— eight Psalmes and in an other nine and so goe on with like proportion to the reste and at the length thou shalt perceyue fiftéene Psalmes to be kept in store to the last wéeke Last of all when thou shalt be minded to reade ouer the booke of Psalmes foure times in a yeare it is requisite that thou reade euerye wéeke eleuen Psalmes and in euery of the foure last wéekes fiftéene Psalmes and so there will remayne one only daye frée from reading Thou séest therefore an easye and open waye whereby thou mayste in twelue monthes space reade ouer the whole booke of the Psalmes once or twice or thrice or fouretimes euen as thou lyst thy selfe And is this so greate and troublesome a labour wherein thou accustomest to saye thrée Psalmes in a wéeke or euery daye one or two Psalmes and the one perhaps in steade of a prayer in the morning when thou risest and the other at nighte when thou goest to bed Let vs procéed now in like maner to the other bookes called Canonicall There are founde in these seauen hundred thréescore and seaâ—entéene Chapters Wherfore if a man wil reade euery wéeke fiftéene Chapters he shal dispatch al bookes which a litle before we numbred once in a yeares space and there shall remayne two dayes onlye to spare And it will be a very easye matter to dispatch the reading of fiftéene Chapters if in some one day of the seauen thou repeate thrée Chapters and in euery of the rest twayne Who is hée therefore that can iustly complayne that hée hath euen by this meanes an ouer heauye and importable burthen layde vpon him Nowe then as it shall please thée to multiply the number of the Chapter so will it be easye for thée to accompte how and in what order thou maist in a yeares spaces pervse ouer either twice or thrice all the bookes of the old Testament But in what estimation sayeth some man shall the bookes called Apocrypha be had Shall it be good to spende any time in reading of them also Why shoulde wée not say I whensoeuer oportunitie serueth euen extraordinarily reade them Or if it please thée to applye the reading of them to certaine peculiar tymes appointed there is no let but thou mayst do it Let vs therfore rehearse as well the names as Chapters of the sayde bookes and fragments Tobias hath Chapters 14 Iudith hath Chapters 16 Susanna hath Chapters 1 Bell dragon hath Chapters 1 Song of the threée children hath Chapters 1 Fragmentes of Esther hath Chapters 8 Ezra 3. hath Chapters 9 Ezra 4. hath Chapters 16 Machabees 1. hath Chapters 16 Machabees 2. hath Chapters 15 Baruch hath Chapters 6 Wisedome hath Chapters 19 Ecclesiasticus hath Chapters 51 The summe of the Chapters amounteth to a hundered thréescorne and thirtéene Reade therefore euerye wéeke thrée Chapters but the laste wéeke of the yeare saue one tenne Chapters and the laste of all thirtéene and thou shalt verye well dispatche all the whole matter But there is no cause as I haue also admonished before why thou shouldest bestow so much study in these as in those which the church hath long agone auouched to bée Canonicall Nowe it is requisite that we speake of the Bookes of the newe Testament And they are in this order by a receyued custome which no man wil lightly finde fault with placed and disposed Mathew Contayning Chapters 28 Marke Contayning Chapters 16 Luke Contayning Chapters 24 Iohn Contayning Chapters 21 Actes of the Apostles Contayning Chapters 28 Epistle of S. Paul to the Romaines Contayning Chapters 16 To the Corinthians the first Contayning Chapters 16 To the Corinthians the seconde Contayning Chapters 13 To the Galathians Contayning Chapters 6 To the Ephesians Contayning Chapters 6 To the Philippians Contayning Chapters 4 To the Colossians Contayning Chapters 4 To the Thessalonians the first Contayning Chapters 5 To the Thessalonians the secoÌ„d Contayning Chapters 3 To Timothy the first Contayning Chapters 6 To Timothy the second Contayning Chapters 4 To Titus Contayning Chapters 3 To Philemon Contayning Chapters 1 To the Hebrues Contayning Chapters 13 The Epistle of Iames Contayning Chapters 5 Of Peter the first Contayning Chapters 5 Of Peter the second Contayning Chapters 3 Of Iohn the first Contayning Chapters 5 Of Iohn the second Contayning Chapters 1 Of Iohn the third Contayning Chapters 1 Of Iude Contayning Chapters 1 Apocalyps Contayning Chapters 22 The Chapters in all are two hundred thrée score For in what place the Epistles of Peter the seconde of Iohn the seconde and thirde and one of Iude deserue to be put I do not nowe dispute who professe my selfe to followe the common opinion or rather custome Now if thou readest euery wéeke in the Newe Testament fiue Chapters thou shalt go