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A64087 The general history of England, as well ecclesiastical as civil. Vol. I from the earliest accounts of time to the reign of his present Majesty King William : taken from the most antient records, manuscripts, and historians : containing the lives of the kings and memorials of the most eminent persons both in church and state : with the foundations of the noted monasteries and both the universities / by James Tyrrell. Tyrrell, James, 1642-1718. 1696 (1696) Wing T3585; ESTC R32913 882,155 746

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many as you can to the belief of your Religion And accordingly he allotted them their residence in the City of Canterbury which was the Metropolis of his Kingdom neither did he hinder them from the freedom of Preaching publickly to whom they would When they came to the place provided for them they began to imitate the Innocent Life of the Primitive Christians by applying themselves to continual Prayers and Fasting and especially to the Preaching the Word of God to all that would hear them despising the things of this World as superfluous being content with the bare necessaries of Life living exactly according to the Rules they taught others the success of which was That many believed and were baptized admiring the simplicity of their Lives as well as the Purity of their Doctrine There was near this City towards the East an old ruinous Church anciently Built in honour of St. Martyn whilest the Romans inhabited Britain in which the Queen was wont to perform her Devotions Here they first began to assemble and exercise their Spiritual Functions until the King being converted they obtained a full liberty of Preaching and building Churches But when the King by the pure Lives of these Holy Men as also by the Miracles they wrought as our Author relates became convinced of the Truth of their Doctrine and was thereupon Baptised many flocking in from all Parts to hear the Gospel and leaving their Heathanism joyned themselves to the Church of Christ so powerful a Motive is the Example of a Prince to his Subjects At whose Faith and Conversion the King extreamly rejoyced yet nevertheless would not compel any to receive Christianity only those that believed he cherished with a more tender regard for he had learnt from the Authors of his Salvation That the Service of Christ ought to be voluntary and not constrained neither did he defer long the giving his Teachers places fitting for their imployment in his City of Canterbury and confer'd upon them large Possessions But this was not done till some time after being confirmed in a great Council of his Kingdom as shall be shewn in its proper place But as soon as Augustine had by his Preaching converted the greatest part of the Kentish Nation he returned into France where he was ordained Arch-Bishop of the English Nation by Eutherius Arch-Bishop of Arles according to the commands they had received from Pope Gregory but upon his coming back into Britain he sent immediately to Rome Laurence a Priest and Peter a Monk to certifie the Pope that the Christian Faith was now received by the English and that he was now made Bishop desiring also his Opinion in certain Questions he thought necessary to be resolved To all which he speedily received such Answers from the Pope as were proper to the Question proposed some of which we have thought fit to insert into our History because they shew us what was the State of Religion in the Western Church when Augustine came over hither His first Question was how the Bishops should converse with their Clergy as also concerning those things that are Offered at the Altar by the Oblations of the Faithful And how many Portions there ought to be made of them And how a Bishop ought to behave himself in the Church To these things the Pope answered to this effect That as for Bishops how they ought to carry themselves in the Church the Holy Scriptures teach and especially the Epistles of St. Paul to Timothy in which he endeavours to teach him how he ought to behave himself in the House of God also that out of every thing that shall be Offered at the Altar there ought to be made four divisions viz. One for the Bishop and his Family for Hospitality and Entertainment of Strangers the Second for the Clergy the Third for the Poor and the Fourth for Repairing of Churches But as you are well skilled in the Monastic Rules nothing ought to be possessed by any Clergy-men in particular in the English Ch●rch which lately by God's Grace is brought to the Faith but you ought to imitate the Primitive Converts among whom none enjoyed any thing as his own of those things he possessed but all things were in common among them In the second Question Agustine desires to be inform'd whether Priests not able to contain may Marry And if they shall Marry Whether they must return to the Secular Life This Question Bede hath not but preposterously joins the following Answer to the first Question Yet Sir Henry Spelman hath added it out of the Paris Edition of Councils Anno 1518. Where the Answer of Pope Gregory is thus That if there be any of the Clergy out of Holy Orders that cannot contain they ought to Marry and still to receive their Stipends concluding great care ought to be had of the Stipends of the Clergy that they may be diligent in Service and that there was no occasion of making a long discourse concerning their keeping Hospitality when all the over-plus ought to be bestowed upon Pious and Religious uses The third Question of Augustine was this that since there is but one Faith Why are there divers customs of Churches One manner of saying Mass in the Holy Roman Church and another in those of Gaul To which Pope Gregory answered to this effect You know very well the custom of the Roman Church in which you were bred but it is my pleasure That if you can find either in the Roman Church or those of Gaul or in any other Churches any thing more pleasing to God carefully choose it and what things soever you can gather from any other Churches of Good and Pious Example bring them into the English Church for things are not to be belov'd for the places but places for the good things that are in them Augustine's fourth Question was What Punishment ought to be inflicted on him that commits Sacriledge The Pope's Answer to this Question being somewhat long I shall only give you the substance of it In the first place He distinguishes between those who commit Theft out of a wicked intent and those that offend out of necessity from whence it follows that some are to be punished with Fines others with Stripes and some more severely and when says he you proceed against any with more rigour than ordinary you must do it out of Charity not out of Anger because the punishment is inflicted to this intent that the party punished may be saved Then shews the end of such punishments from the Example of Fathers correcting their Children purely for their good though they love them very well he admonishes him to use a mean in chastising them and not without the Rules of Reason But if you ask how things taken from the Church are to be restored God forbid that the Church should receive any encrease for the loss of meer Earthly things or go about to make advantage of such trifles The three following Questions concerning in