Selected quad for the lemma: religion_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
religion_n	king_n	prince_n	queen_n	3,203	5	6.8163	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A61053	A prospect of the most famous parts of the vvorld Viz. Asia, 3 Affrica, 5 Europe, 7 America. 9 With these kingdomes therein contained. Grecia, 11 Roman Empire, 13 Germanie, 15 Bohemia, 17 France, 19 Belgia, 21 Spaine, 23 Italie, 25 Hungarie, 27 Denmarke, 29 Poland, 31 Persia, 33 Turkish Empire, 35 Kingdome of China, 37 Tartaria, 39 Sommer Ilands, 41 Civill Warres, in England, Wales, and Ireland. You shall find placed in the beginning of the second booke marked with these [3 asterisks in triangle formation] and (5) together with all the provinces, counties, and shires, contained in that large theator of Great Brittaines empire. / Performed by John Speed.	Speed, John, 1552?-1629.; Goos, Abraham,; Gryp, Dirck,; Speed, John, 1552?-1629. Theatre of the empire of Great Britaine.	1646 (1646)	Wing S4882A; ESTC R218797	522,101	219

of the Christian King of France his eldest son the Dolphin of France by their Salique Law no woman or heirs may inherit how justly I may not determine But yet the English have good reason to examine the Equitie For it cost our Edward the Third his Crowne of France to which he was heire in generall by marriage of a Daughter But the truth is we have beene ever easie to part with our hold there or at least forced to forgoe it by our civill dissentions at home else after all those glorious Victories of our Predecessors we might have had some power more to shew there as well as title FRANCE revised and augmented the attires of the French and situations of their cheifest cityes obserued by Iohn Speede. Are to be sould in Pops head alley by Geo●Humble Ano. 1626 THE SCALE OF MILLES 12 Aquitania lyeth on the West of France close upon the Pyrenaean Mountaines and Contunies 1 Another part of Biscay mentioned in the Mappe of Spaine and indeed differeth from that but very little 2 Gascoigne and Guien The first to this day keeps its name with a very little change from the Spanish Vascones The chiefe City is Burdigala or Burdeaux a Parliamentary and Archiepiscopall seat and Vniversitie of good esteeme was honoured with the birth of our Richard the second Another Citie of note is Tholouse a seate Parliamentarie and supposed to be as ancient as the Rule of Deborah in Israel This Gascoigne containes in the Earledom●s of Forie Comminges Armeniaci and the Dutch Albert. 3 Pictaria Poictu on the North of Guien a pleasant Region and a plentifull It containes three Bishopricks Poitiers Lucon and Mailazai Her chiefe Cities are Poictiers an ancient and the largest next Paris in all France Castrum Heraldi once the title of the Scotch Earles of Hamildon In this Province was fought the great Battel betwixt our Black Prince and Iohn of France where with eight thousand he vanquished fortie thousand tooke the King Prisoner and his sonne Philip 70. Earles 50. Barons and 12000. Gentlemen 4 Sonictonia severed from Poictiers but by the River Canentell and so differs but little from her fertility Her Metropolis Saints Her other chiefe Bourg Blay Marennes Saint Iohn D'angely and Anglosme Betwixt this Country Poictiers stands Rochell a place the best fortified both by nature and art of any in Europe And is at this time possest by those of the Reformed Religion where they stand upon their guard and defend their freedome of conscience against the Roman Catholikes of France 5 Limosin in limo sita saith some Maginus takes it from Liwoges her chiefe Citie toward the North which revolted was recovered by our Black Prince Her other Towns of note are Tulles and Vxerca and Chaluz where our Richard the first was shot It hath beene by turnes possest by French and English till Charles the Seventh Since we have had little hold there 6 Berry regio Biturigum from her chiefe City Bituris now Burges an Archiepiscopall See and Vniversitie It is exceedingly stored with sheepe and sufficiently well with other Merchandize of value 7 Burbone from her chiefe City Burbone heretofore Boya a Dukedome and much frequented by Princes and the Nobility of France by reason of her healthfull ayre and commodious Baths 8 Tureine the Garden of France Her chiefe Cities Bloys Amboys Trurs and a little higher upon the Loyre stand Orleance 13 Lugdunensis or Celtica lyeth betwixt the Rivers Loyre and Seyne and takes the name from Lugdunum or Lions her chiefe Citie This Province comprehends 1 Britany heretofore Armorica till subdued by Maximinus King of England about the yeare 367. since it hath had the name of Britany and for distinction from this of ours it is commonly styled Minor Britannia There is yet remaining a smatch of the Welsh tongue which it seemes the Invaders had so great a desire to settle in those parts as a trophie of their Conquests that when they first mingled in marriage with the Inhabitants they cut out their wives tongues as many as were Natives that no sound of French might be heard among their Children It hath few Rivers but that defect is in some measure made up by their neighbourhood of the Sea in so much that the Countrey is reckoned one of the most fertile in all France for Corne Wine and Wood. It breeds good Horses and speciall Dogges Iron Leade c. Her chiefe Cities are Nants Rhenes St. Brenie and Rohan It is divided into Britanniam inferiorem the base or lower Britanie Westward neerest England and Superiorem toward the Loyre Eastward Her chiefe ports are St. Malo and Breste 2 Normandie a part of the Region which was heretofore called Newstria and took the name it hath from the Norwegians Their first Duke was Rollo and the sixt from him our William the Conquerour It was lost from his Successors in the time of King Iohn Her chiefe Cities are Rhothomagus or Rhoan the Metropolis Constance and Cane memorable for the siege of our English H. the fift And Verveile besieged by Philip the second of France in the time of our Richard the first which when the King heard as he sate in his Palace at Westminster it is said he sware he would never turne his back to France till he had his revenge and to make good his oath brake through the wals and justly performed his threat upon the besi●ger Her principall parts are Harflew the first which King Henry the fift of England assaulted and New Haven given up by the Prince of Conde to Queene Elizabeth as a Pledge for such Forces as she would supply him with to maintaine Warres with the King in defence of Religion And Deepe c. 3 Anjoue regio Andegavensis a fertile Countrey and yeelds the best Wine of France excellent Marble and other faire stone for buildings Her chiefe Citie is Anjers which Ortelius takes to be Ptolemy's Iuliomagum It is now an Vniversitie To this Dukedome there are foure Earledomes which owe a kind of homage Manie Vandosme Beufort and Laval 4 Francia which gives name to the whole Kingdome and received it her selfe from the Germane Francones which before inhabited the great Forrest called Sylva Hircynia Her chief City and the glory of France is Paris or Lutetia auasi in lu●o sita in compasse twelve miles is reckoned the first Academie of Eu●rope consists of fiftie-five Colledges And here was Henry the sixt Crowned King of France and England In this Province stands St. Vincents where Henry the fift died and S●isons and the Dukedome of Valoys c. 5 Campaigne and Brye partners in the title of Earledome it is severed from Picardie onely with the River A fertile Countrey and hath many eminent Cities The principall is Rheimes where the Kings most commonly are Crowned and annointed with an Oyle sent they say from Heaven which as oft as it hath beene used never decreaseth It is the Seat of an Arch-bishop and Vniversitie of ●ote especially with our

for otherwise new Iudges would still bring new Iudgements and therefore he caused twelve to be chosen out of every Countie which should on their oath without inclining one way or other neither adding nor detracting open unto him all their ancient Laws and Customes By whose relation understanding that three sorts of Lawes formerly were in the Land Merchenlage West-Saxon-lage Dane-lage he had preferred these last himselfe and People being anciently derived from those Northern people had not all the Barons bewayling to the King how grievous it was for a Land to be iudged by those Lawes which they understood not altered his resolute purpose yet in bringing in the strange formes of Normas Processe and pleading in the French tongue which continued till Edward the thirds time that grievance was but slenderly prevented So likewise did he much alter the old Courts of Iustice where these Lawes should be ministred but whereas the ancient Kings of England according to Moses his example sate in person in the seate of Iustice to right the greater affaires of their Subjects as William Lambert sheweth in King Alfred Edgar Canutus c. and proves out of the Kings Oath out of Bracton Britain Saxon-Lawes c. King William not only continued this but besides erected some other Courts of Iustice as the Exchequer and certaine Courts and Sessions to be held foure times every yeere appointing both Iudges some to heare causes others to whom appeales should be made but none from them and also Prefects to looke to good orders Those last Polydore calleth Iustices of Peace but their institution seemes to be far later and no lesse is his errour on the other side in saying the Conquerour first instituted Sheriffes and the triall by twelve men which were both ancienter 4 And because the Conquerour for honour of Bishops caused them to remove from small obscure places to Cities of more renowne we have therefore reserved to this last place that division of this Kingdome which is according to Iurisdiction Episcopall Formerly in the yeer of salvation 636. Honorius the fift Archbishop of Canterbury first divided England into Parishes which at this day are contained under their severall Diocesans and these againe under their two Metropolitanes Canterbury and Yorke in manner following THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND YORKE Yorke Yorkshire Nottinghamshire 581. Chester Cheshire Richmondshire Cumberland part Lancashire 256. Carlile Cumberland part Westmorland 93. Durham Durham Northumberland 135. Sodor Man Iland 17. Totall Bishopricks 27. Parishes 9285. 5 To speake nothing of these twenty eight Flamins the Priests of Idolatry and the three Arch-Flamins whose seats were at London Caerlion and Yorke all of them converted by King Lucius into Christian Bishops Sees let us onely insist upon the three last by the same King appointed to be Metropolitanes over the rest among whom London is said to be chiefe whos 's first Christian Arch-bishop was Thean the builder of S. Peters Church in Cornehill for his Cathedrall as by an ancient Table there lately hanging was affirmed and tradition to this day doth hold Our British Historians doe bring a succession of fifteene Arch-bishops to have sate from his time unto the coming of the Saxons whose last was Vodius slaine by King Vortiger for reprehending his heathenish marriage with Rowen the daughter of Hengist At what time began the misery of the Land and of holy Religion both which they laid waste under their prophane feete untill Ethelbert of Kent the first Christian Saxon King advanced Christianity and Augustine to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury when London under Melitus became subject to that See 6 At Caerlion upon Vske in the time of great Arthur sate Dubritius a man excellently learned and of an holy conversation he had sate Bishop of Landaffe a long time and with Germanus and Lupus two French Bishops greatly impugned the Pelagian Heresie infecting at that time the Island very farre whose fame and integritie was such that he was made Arch-bishop of all Wales but growne very old he resigned the same unto David his Disciple a man of greater birth but greater austeritie of life who by consent of King Arthur removed his Arch-bishops See unto Menevia a place very solitary and meet for meditation the miracles of the man which are said to be many changed both the name of the place into his owne and robbed Caerlion of her Archiepiscopall seat This See of S. Davids as in an ancient Register belonging to that Church is recorded had seven Bishops Suffraganes subject unto it which were Exceter Bathe Hereford Landaffe Bangor S. Asaph and Fernes in Ireland Notwithstanding either for want of Pall carried into Britanny by Arch-bishop Sampson in a dangerous infection of sicknesse either by poverty or negligence it lost that Iurisdiction and in the dayes of King Henry the first became subject to the See of Canterbury 7 Yorke hath had better successe then either of the former in retaining her originall honour though much impaired in her circuit challenging to have beene sometime Metropolitane over all the Bishops in Scotland and although it was made equall in honour and power with Canterbury by Pope Gregory as Beda relateth and had twelve Suffragan Bishopricks that owed obedience onely foure now acknowledge Yorke their Metropolitane but Canterburie the Superiour for William the Conquerour thinking it dangerous to have two in like authoritie lest the one should set on his Crowne and the other strike it off left Yorke to be a Primate but Canterbury onely the Primate of all England 8 That Lichfield was made an Archiepiscopall See by Pope Hadrian the first at the suite of Offa the great King of Mercia is manifested by Matthew of Westminster unto whose Iurisdiction were assigned the Bishoprickes of Winchester Hereford Leicester Sidnacester Helmham and Dunwich and whose first and last Arch-bishop was Aldwin That Winchester also had intended an Archiepiscopall Pall the same Authour recordeth when Henry Bloys of the blood-royall greatly contended with the Arch-bishop of Canterburie for superiority under the pretence of being Cardinall de latere to him an Archiepiscopall Pall was sent with power and authority over seven Churches but he dying before that the designe was done the See of Winchester remained in subjection to Canterburie And that long before the See of Dorchester by Oxford had the Iurisdiction of an Arch-bishop is apparent by those Provinces that were under his Diocesse which were Winchester Oxford Lincolne Salisbury Bristow Wels Lichfield Chester and Excester and the first Bishop of this great Circuit Berinus was called the Apostle and Bishop of the West-Saxons which in his next successour was divided into two parts Winchester and Dorchester and not long after into Lichfield Sidnacester and Legecester and lastly the See removed from Dorchester to Lincolne as now it is And thus farre for the division of this Realme both Politicke and Ecclesiasticke as it hath stood and stands at this day 9 But the

the South with Dorset and Hamp-shire and upon the West is confronted against partly by Gloucester and the rest by Somerset-shires 2 The forme thereof is both long and broad for from Inglesham upon Thamesis in the North to Burgat Damarum in the South are thirtie-nine miles the broadest part is from Buttermer Eastward to the Shire-stones in the West being twenty-nine the whole in circumference is one hundred thirty-nine miles 3 For aire it is seated in a temperate Climate both sweet pleasant and wholesome and for soyle saith Iohn of Sarisbury is exceeding fertile and plentifull yea and that with variety 4 The Northerne part which they call North-Wilt-shire riseth up into delectable hils attired with large woods and watered with cleare Rivers whereof Isis is one which soone becometh the most famous in the Land The South part is more even yeelding abundantly grasse and corne and is made the more fruitfull by the Rivers Wily Adder and Avon The midst of this County is most plaine and thereby is knowne and commonly called Salesbury-Plaines and lie so levell indeed that it doth limit the Horizon for hardly can a man see from the one side to the other These Plaines grase an infinite number of sheepe whose fleeces and flesh bring in an yearely revenew to their owners 5 Anciently this County was possessed by the Belgae who are seated by Ptolemy in Hamp-shire Somerset-shire and in this Tract and they as it seemeth by Caesar were of the Belgae in Gaul These as some hold were subdued by Vespasian Lieutenant of the second Legion under Claudius when the foundations of his future greatnesse were in these parts first laid by his many victories over the Britaines And herein surely the Romans seated for besides Yanesburie Trench by tradition held to be his in many other Forts in this Shire the Tract of their footing hath beene left and the stamped Coines of their Emperours found an apparent testimonie of their abode 6 After them the West-Saxons made it a part of their Kingdome whose border was Avon as witnesseth Athelward though the Mercians many times encroched upon them whereby many great battles as Malmsbury tels us betwixt them were fought when in the young yeares of their Heptarchie each sought to enlarge his by the lessening of the next but growne unto more ripenesse they assigned their limits by a great and long ditch crossing thorow the middest of these Plaines which for the wonder therof is supposed by the vulgar to be the worke of the Devil and is called of all Wansdike undoubtedly of Woden the Saxons Ancestor and great reputed God where a little village yet standeth and retaineth to name Wodens-burg At this place in Anno 590. Ceaulin the West-Saxon received such a foyle of the Britaines and his Country-men that he was forced to forsake his Kingdome and to end his dayes in exile becomming a pitifull spectacle even unto his enemies And in this place Ina the West-Saxon joyned Battle with Ceolred the Merciā whence both of them departed with equall losse The like was at Bradford by Kenilwach and Cuthred at Wilton betwixt Egbert and Beornwolfe at Edindon where K. Elfred was vanquisher of the Danes and at Wilton where the Danes wonne the day against him With as bloudy sucesse though not happening by sword was the issue of the Synod assembled at Calne a small Towne in this Countie in the yeare of Christ Jesus 977. where being hotly debating for the single life and against the marriages of the Clergie what wanted by the Word to prove their divorce was supplyed by a Stratagem and that very bloudy for suddenly the main timber brake and downe fell the floore with the Nobles and Prelates the Gentlemen and Commons whereby a great number were hurt and many more slain onely Dunstan the President and mouth for the Monks escaped untouched the Joist whereon his chaire stood remaining most firme which confirmed the sentence of their separations whom God had conjoyned and became the fall and snare of much incontinencie in both sexes 7 The chiefest Citie of this Shire is Salesbury removed from a higher but a far more convenient place whose want of water was not so great in the mother as is supplied and replenished in the daughter every street almost having a River running thorow her middest and for sumptuous and delicate buildings is inferiour to none The Cathedrall a most rich magnificent Church was begun by Richard Poore Bishop and with fourty yeares continuance was raised to her perfect beauty wherein are as many windowes as there are dayes in the yeare as many cast pillars of marble as there are houres in the yeare and as many gates for entrance as there are moneths in the yeare Neither doth this Citie retaine true honour to her selfe but imparteth hers and receiveth honour from others who are entituled Earles of Salesbury whereof eight noble Families have been dignified since the Normans Conquest and now is enjoyed by that most wise and loyall Counsellor Robert Cecill Lord high Treasurer of England and the worthy Patron of the place whereof my selfe am a member This Cities situation is in the degree of Latitude 51.10 minntes and from the first West point observed by Mercator 18. degrees and 31. minutes of Longitude 8 Over this old Salesbury sheweth it selfe where Kenrik overcame the Britains and where Canutus the Dane did great dammge by fire This formerly had been the seat of the Romans as likewise was Lecham as by their Coines digged up is apparant so were Brokenbridge and Cosham the Courts of the Saxon Kings But Fortune long since hath turned her face from all these as lately she did from many ancient and religious foundations planted in this Province whereof Malmesbury was the most famous I will not with Monmouth avouch the foundation thereof unto Mulmutius but by true records from Maidulph a Scot a man of great learning that therein built a Cell and led an Hermits life whereof Beda calleth it the Citie of Maidulph and we by contraction Malmsbury Adelme his disciple and successour built here a faire Monasterie which Athelstan the Monarch richly endowed and left his body after death there to rest Neither hath any graced this more then William her Monk in recording to posterities the Chronicles of our Land concerning both the Church and Common-weale wherein himselfe and wrote those Histories 9 Ambresbury for repute did second this built by Alfritha King Edgar his wife to expiate the sinne of murder which she committed upon young Edward her sonne in Law that hers might be King In this place Queene Eleanor widow to King Henry the third renounced all royall pompe and devoted her selfe unto God in the habit of a Nunne Other places erected for piety were at Salesburie Lacock Stanlege Wilton Ivichurch Farnleg Bradstocke Briopune and Bromhore These

should arise 6 This County among the common calamities of the Land when it lay trampled under the feet of the Danes sustained a part and after that in the time of King Stephen when the Civill Warres thundred betwixt Maud the Empresse and himselfe the Shire-town was sore wasted with great slaughter of men so when the Barons forsooke their allegeance to King Iohn the Towne and Castle were rendred up unto their hands and lastly by King Henry the third laid levell even with the ground some ruinous wals appearing towards the Ouse but not a stone left upon the Mount where stood his foundation 7 This Towne by the Britaine 's was called Lettidur by the Saxons Bedanford and of us Bedford being the chiefest in the County from whom it taketh the name and is most fruitfull and pleasantly seated having the Ouse running thorow the Towne in the middest and a faire Stone-Bridge built over the same whereon are two Gates to locke and impeach the passage as occasion shall serve At the first entrance standeth S. Leonards Hospitall for Lazars and further inwards S. Iohns and S. Maries Churches within the Towne S. Pauls a most beautifull Church S. Cuthberts and S. Peters without the Towne standeth the Fryers S. Loyes Alhallowes and Caudwell Abbey not farre thence sometimes stood a Chappell upon the Banke of Ouse wherein as Florilegus affirmeth the body of Offa the great Mercian King was interred but by the over-swelling of that River was borne downe and swallowed up whose Tombe of Lead as it were some phantasticall thing appeared often to them that seeke it not but to them that seeke it saith Rosse it is invisible This Towne is governed yeerely by a Major two Bailiffes two Chamberlaines a Recorder a Town-Clerke and three Sergeants with Mases 8 A tale of vaine credit is reported of Dunstable that it was built to bridle the outragiousnesse of a theefe named Dun by King Henry the first but certaine it is the place was formerly held by the Romans whose Legions there lay as appeareth by the Coines there usually found which from Magintum are corruptly called Madning-money 9 Castles in this Shire are Woodhill Eaton Temsford and Amphill an honour now appertaining to the Crown And places of Religion built by devout persons but for Idolatrous abuses againe abolished were at Bedford Harwood Helenstow Newenham Chicksand Wardon Woburne and Dunstable All these with their like felt the hand of Henry the eight to lie so heavy upon them that they were not able to sustaine the weight but were crushed to pieces and fell to the ground 10 The Graduation of this Countie taken for the Shire-Towne is placed from the Equator in the degree of 52. and 30. minutes for Latitude and is removed from the first West point of Longitude 20. degrees and 16. minutes 11 Whos 's Princely Families that have borne the Titles both of Dukes and Earles within the Map it selfe by names and their Armes are inserted as thou seest and whose Counties division are into nine Hundreds wherein are seated ten Market-Townes and one hundred and sixteene Parish-Churches BEDFORD SHIRE AND THE SITUATION OF BEDFORD described with the armes of thos Honorable Familyes that have borne the titles of Dukes and Earls thereof ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Bedford-shire HVNDREDS in Bedford shire 1. STodden Hund. 2. Barford Hund. 3. Wylly Hund. 4. Wixamtree Hund. 5. Biggleswad Hund. 6. Redbornstoke Hu 7. Flitt Hund. 8. Clifton Hund. 9. Manshead Hund. A ANTHIL Redborne Arlesey Clift Ascotts Wixam. Aspley guise Mansh. Aswicke Biggle. B Barford Barford Barkmaw Parke Redbor Battledon Mansh. Beckring Parke Mansh. BEDFORD Wylly Beeston Wixam. Bletsoe Wylly Berkford Biggle. Berton Flitt BIGGLESWADE Big Billington Mans. Biscott Flitt Blunham Wixam. Bolnhurst Stod Brome Wixam. Brunham Wylly Bushmead Barford Byddenham Wylly C Caddington Flitt Calmworth Barford Cambleton Clift Cardington Wixam. Carleton Wylly Caysooe Stodden Chalgrave Mans. Chaulton Flitt Chellington Wylly Chicksend Wixam. Clapham Stodden Claphill Flitt Clifton Clifton Clipson Mans. Cranfield Redborne Crawley Husband Mans. Cuphull Wixam. D Deane over Stodden Deane nether Stodden DVNSTABLE Mans. Dunton Biggle. E Eaton Mans. Eaton Sotton Barford Edworth Biggle. Eggington Mans. Elmersham Wylly Elstowe Redborne Euerdon Biggle. Euersholt Mans. Eyworth Biggle. F Farndish Wylly Flitton Flitt Flitwick Redborne Faldo Flitt G Goldington Barford Gravenerstes Flitt Gravenhurst over Flitt Gravenhurst nether Flitt H Harwood Wylly Harlington Mans. Hatch Wixam. Hatley Port Biggle. Hatley Coking Biggle. Hawnes Flitt Haxton Flitt Heath Mans. Henlowe Clifton Hide East Flitt Hide West Flitt Higham goben Flitt Hill Wixam. Hockecliffe Mans. Holcott Mans. Holme Biggle. Houghton conquest Redborne Houghton Kings Mans. Howell Clifton K Kempfton Redborne Knotting Stodden L Lanford Biggle. Legenho Redborne LEIGHTON buzard Mans. Ligrave Flitt Limbene Flitt Littleton Redborne LVTON Flitt M Mauldon Redborne Margatt Man Melchborne Stodden Mepshall Clifton Merston morton Redborne Milbrooke Redborne Milhoe Biggle. Milton Briaw Mans. Mograrige Wixam. Miltonernes Stodden N Newnehame Wylly Norhill Wixam. O Ocley Wylly Ockley Stodden Ouse Flu. P Patenham Wylly Peggifton Flitt Pettenhull Stodden Poddington VVylly Potesgrave Mans. POTTON Biggle. Pullox hill Flitt R Radwell VVylly Ravensdon Barford Reynold Barford Ridgemond Redborne Rysely Stodden Rokkesdon Barford Ruche Mans. S Sandey Biggle. Sawford Mans. Scotfeild Clifton Segnowall Mans. Sharnbrocke VVylly Sharpenho Flitt SHEFFORD Clift Shelton Stodden Shidlington Clifton Shillington Flitt Silvisho Flitt Sondon Flitt Souldroppe VVylly Southill VVixam Stagden VVylly Stanbridge Mans. Standen over Clifton Standen nether Clifton Stanford VVixam Steppingley Redborne Steventon VVylly Stopseley Flitt Stoughton little Stodden Stratton Biggle. Stretley Flitt Studham Mans. Sundon Clifton Summers Flitt Sutton Biggle. T Taternall Mans. Tempsford Biggle. Tettworth Biggle. Tenkseke Redborne Thorncott VVixam Thurlye VVylly Tilesworth Mans. Tylbroke Stodden Tylworth Mans. Tyngrave Mans. TVDDINGTON M. Turvey VVylly W Werdon old VVixam Westning Mans. Whipsand Mans. Wildon Barford Wilshamstead Redborn Willington VVixam WOBORNE Mans. Woborne Abbey Man Wodhill VVylly Woodenden Mans. Wotton Redborne Womnleighton Biggl Wrast Flitt Wrestingworth Biggle. Wynyngton VVylly Y Yeldon Stodden BVCKINGHAM-SHIRE CHAPTER XXII BUCKINGHAM for the plenty of Beech trees there growing and those in the elder times of the Saxons called Bucken may well be supposed from them to have the Name as afterwards the whole Shire had hers from this Towne BUCKINGHAM 2 In forme it somewhat resembleth a Lion Rampant whose head or North-point toucheth the Counties of Northampton and Bedford whose backe or East-part is backed by Bedford and Hertford-shires his loynes or South-borders rest upon Barkeshire and his breast the West side is butted upon wholly by Oxford-shire The length thereof from Waisbury in the South to Bradfeld in her North are thirty nine miles the breadth at the broadest from Ashbridge in the East to Brenwood Forest in the West are eighteene the whole in circumference

one hundred thirty eight miles 3 The aire is passing good temperate and pleasant yeelding the body health the mind content The soile is rich fat and fruitfull giving abundance of Corn Grasse and Marle It is chiefly divided into two parts by the Chilterne hills which run thorow this Shire in the middest and before time were so pestered with Beech that they were altogether unpassable and became a receptacle and refuge for theeves who daily endammaged the way-faring man for which cause Leostan Abbot of Saint Albans caused them to be cut down since when those parts are passable without any great incumbrances of trees from whose tops a large and most pleasing prospect is seene The Vale beneath is plaine and champion a clayie soyle stiffe and rough but withall marvellous fruitfull naked of Woods but abounding in meadows pastures and tillage and maintaining an infinite number of sheepe whose soft and fine fleeces are in great esteem with the Turkes as farre as Asia 4 The ancient Inhabitants that were seated in this Shire were the Cattieuchlani mentioned by Ptolemie and then dispersed through the Tract of Bedford Hertfort and this These yeelded themselves with the first to Caesar under the Romanes subjection whose over-worne Empire ending in Britaine the Saxons by strong hand attained this Province and made it a part of their Mercian Kingdome yet was it first subdued unto them by Cherdike the West-Saxon whose memory is in part continued in the Towne Chersey upon the West of this Countie where in a sharpe and bloudy battle he was victor over the Britaines So also Cuthwulfe a West-Saxon at Alesberie in the yeere of Grace 592. overcame the Britaines and bare downe all things before him yet no sooner was their Heptarchie wained and their Monarchie able to stand alone but that the Danes before their strength and growth was confirmed waxed upon them and they not able in so weake a hand to hold fast that weight of greatnesse they had so grasped gave place to their Conquerours who did many harmes in this Province for in the yeere 914. the Danes furiously raged as farre as Brenwood where they destroyed the Citie Burgh the ancient seat of the Romanes afterwards a royall house of King Edward the Confessor which they utterly destroyed 5 The Shire-town Buckingham fruitfully seated upon the River Ouse was fortified with a Rampire and sconses on both bankes by K. Edward the elder saith Marianus the Scotish Writer where in the heart of the Town hath stood a strong castle mounted upon an high hill which long since was brought to the period of her estate now nothing remaining besides the signes that there she had stood The River circulates this Town on every side that only on the North excepted over which three faire stone-bridges lead and into which the springs of a Well run called S. Rumalds a child-saint borne at Kings Sutton canonized and in the Church of this Towne enshrined with many conceited miracles and cures such was the hap of those times to produce Saints of all ages and sexes This Town is governed by a Bailiffe and twelve principall Burgesses and is in the degree removed from the first point of the West for Longitude 19.33 scruples and the North-pole elevated in Latitude for the degree of 52.18 scruples 6 A Town of ancienter note is Stony-Stretford the Romans Lactorodū being built upon that ancient Causey-way which is called Watling street where remain the markes thereof even unto this day At this place Edward the elder stopped the passage of the Danes whiles he strengthned Torcester against them and herein King Edward the eldest since the Conquest reared a beautifull Crosse in memory of Eleanor his dead Queen as he did in every place where her Corps rested from Herdby in Lincolne-shire till it was received and buried at Westminster 7 Places intended for Gods true worship built by devout persons and sequestred from worldly imployments were at Launden Luffeld Bidlesden Bradwell Nothey Ankerne Missenden Tekeford Partrendune Ashbridge Alesbury Ashbridge in great repute for the blood supposed out of Christs sides brought out of Germany by Henry the eldest sonne of Richard King of the Romans and Earle of Cornwall whereunto resorted great concourse of people for devotion and adoration thereof But when the Sun-shine of the Gospel had pierced thorow such clouds of darkenesse it was perceived apparently to be onely hony clarified and coloured with Saffron as was openly shewed at Pauls Crosse by the Bishop of Rochester the twenty foure of Februarie and yeere of Christ 1538. And Alesbury for the holines of S. Edith was much frequented who having this Town allotted for her Dowrie bad the world and her husband farewell in taking upon her the veile of devotion and in that fruitfull age of Saints became greatly renowned even as farre as to the working of miracles These all in the stormes rage of the times suffred such shipwrack that from those turmoiled Seas their Merchandize light in the right of such Lords as made them their owne for wreacks indeed 8 With foure Castles this Shire hath beene strengthned and thorow eleven Market Towns her Commodities traded being divided for service to the Crowne and State into eight Hundreds and in them are seated one hundred fourescore and five Parish-Churches as in the Table annexed Alphabetically are expressed BUCKINGHAM Both Shyre and Shire towne describ ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Buckingham-shire HVNDREDS in Buckingham-shire 1. NEwport 2. Buckingham 3. Collstowe 4. Ashenden 5. Alesbury 6. Disburrough 7. Burnham 8. Stocke A Achenborow Buc. Ackeley Buck. Addington Buck. Adstocke Buck. AGMONDSHAM Bu. AYLESBVRY A. Vale of Aylesbury Ales. Apstone Dis. Ascott Coll. Ashridge Coll. Ashendon Ash. Aston clinton Ales. Aston abbotts Coll. Cold Aston Ales. Astwood New Aunslop New B Barton Buck. Beach hampton Bu. BEACONFIELD Burn. Bearton Ales. Bernwood forest A. Bidlesden Buck. Blechley New Bledlow Ales. Boreney Bur. Boreton Buck. Bostall Ash. Cold Bradfield New Bradnam Dis. Bradnam parke Dis. Bradwell New Brickhill little New Brickhill great New Bowe Brickhill New Brill Ashen Broughton Ales. Broughton New BVCKINGHAM Buc. Buckland Ales. Burnham Burn. East Burnham Burn. Burston Coll. C Calverton New Caldecott New Castlethorpe New Caveley Buck. Caversfeild Buck. Chalfont S. Peters Burn. Chalfont S. Gyles Burn. Chalwey Stock Checkmore Buck. Chechely New Cheddington Coll. Chepping wickcomb Dis. Chepping wickcomb florens Dis. Cherslie Ash. Chesham Burn. Chesham boyes Burn. Cheyneyes Burn. Chilton Ash. Chitwood Buck. Cholesbury Ales. Choldesbury Coll. Claydon middle Ash. Steeple Claydon Buck. Claydon East Ash. Clifton raines New Colbrocke in horton Stock COLBROCKE in LANGLEY S. Cold-aston Ales. Crandon Ash. North Crowly New Cublington Coll. Cuddenton Ales. D Datchet Stock Denham Stock Dorney Burn. Dorton Ash. Drayton beauchampe Coll. Drayton parslowe Coll. Dunton Coll.

with the River Ouse with the bounds of Lancashire and with the South limits of the Shire and beareth towards the West and South East-Riding bends it selfe to the Ocean with the which and with the River Derwent shee is inclosed and looks into that part where the Sunne rising and shewing forth his beames makes the world both glad and glorious in his brightnesse North-Riding extends it self Northward hem'd in as it were with the River Tees and Derwent and a long race of the River Ouse The length of this Shire extended from Harthill in the South to the mouth of Tees in the North are neere unto 70. miles the bredth from Flambrough-head to Horncastle upon the River Lun is 80. the whole Circumference 308. miles 5 The Soile of this County for the generalitie is reasonable fertile and yeelds sufficiency of Corne and Cattle within it selfe One part whereof is particularly made famous by a Quarry of Stone out of which the stones newly hewen be very soft but seasoned with winde and weather of themselves doe naturally become exceeding hard and solide Another by a kinde of Limestone whereof it consisteth which being burnt and conveyed into the other parts of the countrey which are hilly and somewhat cold serve to manure and enrich their Corn-fields 6 That the Romans flourishing in Military prowesse made their severall stations in this Countrey is made manifest by their Monuments by many Inscriptions fastned in the walles of Churches by many Columnes engraven with Roman-worke found lying in Churchyards by many votive Altars digd up that were erected as it should seeme to their Tutelar Gods for they had locall and peculiar Topick Gods whom they honoured as Keepers and Guardians of some particular places of the Countrey as also by a kinde of Bricks which they used for the Romans in time of Peace to avoyd and withstand idlenesse as an enemie to vertuous and valorous enterprises still exercised their Legions and Cohorts in casting of Ditches making of High-wayes building of Bridges and making of Bricks which having sithence been found and from time to time digd out of the ground prove the antiquitie of the place by the Romane Inscriptions upon them 7 No lesse argument of the pietie hereof are the many Monasteries Abbeys and Religious houses that have been placed in this Countrey which whilest they retained their owne state and magnificence were great ornaments unto it but since their dissolution and that the teeth of time which devoures all things have eaten into them they are become like dead carkasses leaving onely some poore ruines and remaines alive as reliques to posteritie to shew of what beautie and magnificence they have beene Such was the Abbey of Whitby founded by Lady Hilda daughter of the grand childe unto King Edwine Such was the Abbey built by Bolton which is now so razed and laid levell with the earth as that at this time it affords no appearance of the former dignitie Such was Kirkstall Abbey of no small account in time past founded in the yeere of Christ 1147. Such was the renowned Abbey called S. Maries in Yorke built and endowed with rich livings by Alan the third Earle of little Britaine in Armerica but since converted into the Princes House and is called The Mannour Such the wealthy Abbey of Fountaines built by Thurstin Arch-bishop of Yorke Such the famous Monastery founded in the Primitive Church of the East-Saxons by Wilfrid Arch-bishop of Yorke and enlarged being fallen down and decayed by Odo Arch-bishop of Canterbury Such was Drax a Religious House of Chanons Such that faire Abbey built by King William the Conquerour at Selby where his son Henry the first was born in memory of Saint German who happily confuted that contagious Pelagian Heresie which oftentimes grew to Serpentine head in Britaine These places for Religion erected with many more within this Provinciall Circuit and consecrated unto holy purposes shew the Antiquitie and how they have been sought unto by confluences of Pilgrimes in their manner of devotions The mists of which superstitious obscurities are since cleared by the pure light of the Gospell revealed and the skirts of Idolatry unfolded to her own shame and ignominie And they made subject to the dissolution of Times serving onely as antique monuments and remembrances to the memory of succeeding Ages 8 Many places of this Province are famoused as well by Name being naturally fortunate in their situation as for some other accidentall happinesse befallen unto them Halifax famous as well for that Iohannes de sacro Bosco Author of the Sphere was born there and for the law it hath against stealing and for the greatnesse of the Parish which reckoneth in it eleven Chappels whereof two be Parish Chappels and in them to the number of twelve thousand people YORK SHIRE Pomfret is famous for the Site as being seated in a place so pleasant that it brings forth Liquorice and great plentie of Skiriworts but it is infamous for the murther and bloodshed of Princes The Castle whereof was built by Hildebert Lacy a Norman to whom William the Conquerour gave this Towne after Alrick the Saxon was thrust out of it 9 But I will forbeare to be prolixe or tedious in the particular memoration of places in a Province so spacious and onely make a compendious relation of Yorke the second Citie of England in Latine called Eboracum and Eburacum by Ptolemy Brigantium the chief Citie of the Brigants by Ninnius Caer Ebrauc by the Britaines Caer Effroc and by the Saxons Euor-ric and Eofor-ric The British History reports that it took the name of Ebrauc that founded it but some others are of opinion that Eburacum hath no other derivation then from the River Ouse running thorow it It over-masters all the other places of this Countrey for fairenesse and is a singular ornament and safeguard to all the North parts A pleasant place large and full of magnificence rich populous and not onely strengthened with fortifications but adorned with beautifull buildings as well private as publike For the greater dignitie thereof it was made an Episcopall See by Constantius and a Metropolitane Citie by a Pall sent unto it from Honorius Egbert Arch-bishop of Yorke who flourished about the yeere seven hundred fortie erected in it a most famous Library Richard the third repaired the Castle thereof being ruinous and King Henry the eight appointed a Councell in the same to decide and determine all the causes and Controversies of the North-parts according to equitie and conscience which Counsell consisteth of a Lord President certaine Counsellers at the Princes pleasure a Secretary and other Vnder-officers The originall of this Citie cannot be fetcht out but from the Romanes seeing the Britains before the Romanes came had no other towns then woods fenced with trenches and rampiers as Caesar and Strabo doe testifie And that it was a Colonie of

were pulled down and suppressed in the Sepulchre of Constantius within a certaine vault or little Chappell under the ground wherein he was supposed to have been buried might beget much wonder and admiration but that Lazius confirmeth that in ancient times they had a custome to preserve light in Sepulchres by an artificiall resolving of gold into a liquid and fattie substance which should continue burning a long time and for many ages together 12 This Yorkeshire picture I will draw to no more length lest I be condemned with the Sophister for insisting in the praise of Hercules when no man opposed himselfe in his discommendation This Countrey of it selfe is so beautifull in her own naturall colours that without much help she presents delightfull varieties both to the fight and other senses THE VVEST-RIDING OF YORKE-SHIRE CHAPTER XL. THE other Division which is called the West-Riding of Yorkeshire lying towards the North-West carryeth a great compasse On the North-side it borders upon part of the North-Riding On the East upon part of the East-Riding and part of Lincoln-shire The West-side is neighboured with part of Lanca-shire The South confined with Nottingham and part of Darby-shires 2 The Ayre unto which this Countie is subject is for the most part frigid and cold much subject to sharpe winds hard frosts and other intemperate and Winter-like dispositions of weather in so much as the people of this Province are inured to maintain a moderate and ordinary heat in their bodies by an extraordinary hardnesse of labour and thereby become very healthfull and not so often afflicted with infirmities as others are that live more easily 3 Although the Soile in the generalitie be not fruitfull as lying very high and full of ragged rockes and swelling mountaines yet the sides thereof stooping in some places doe beare good grasse and the bottomes and vallies are not altogether unfertill That part that borders upon Lancashire is so mountainous and waste so unsightly and full of solitarinesse that the bordering neighbours call certaine little Rivers that creepe along this way by a contemptible name Hell becks That part againe where the River Vre cutteth thorow the vale called Wends-dale is very good ground where great flockes of sheepe doe pasture and which in some places do naturally yeeld great plenty of Lead-stones In other places where the hils are barren and bare of Corne and Cattle they make a recompence of those wants by the store of Copper Lead and Stone or Pit-coale with the which they are abundantly furnished That part where the River Swale running downe East-ward out of the West Mountaines with a violent and swift streame to unlade her selfe into the River Vre and passing along a large and open vale which derives the name from her and is called Swale-dale hath a neighbouring place full of Lead-Oare and for the lacke of woods which doth here much pinch the people they are requited againe with plentie of grasse which this place yeelds them in great abundance Thus hath provident nature for every discommoditie made amends with a contrarietie and furnished the defects of one place with sufficient supply from another 4 The ancient Inhabitants knowne unto Ptolomey and of whom there is other mention made as well in the generall and other particular divisions of Yorke-shire as in the Countries likewise joyning in proximitie unto them were the Brigantes subdued by the Romanes And because the roome best fitted for the Citie of Yorke in this Chard I have placed it whose description you may finde in the Generall so the North-riding spacious to containe the sites of the Townes Hull and Richmond are therein charged but wanting place there to relate of both I am constrained to speake of the latter here desiring my Reader to beare with these necessities Richmond the chiefe Towne of the North-Riding seated upon Swale seemed to have been fenced with a Wall whose Gates yet stand in the midst of the Towne so that the Suburbs are extended farre without the same It is indifferently populous and well frequented the people most imployed in knitting of Stockings wherewith even the decrepit and children get their own livings 5 Alan the first Earle thereof distrusting the strength of Gilling a Manor house of his not farre off called by Bede Gethling to withstand the violence of the Danes and English whom the Normans had despoiled of their inheritance built this Towne and gave it ●e name calling it Richmond as one would say The Rich Mount which he fortified with a Wall and strong Castle set upon a Rocke for Gilling ever since the time that Oswy King of Northumberland being there Guest-wise entertained was murtherously made away was more regarded in respect of Religion then for any strength it had in expiation of which murther the Monastery was founded and had in great account among our Ancestors This Towne for the administration of government hath an Alderman yeerely chosen out of twelve Brethren who is assisted by twentie foure Burgesses a Recorder foure Chamberlaines and two Sergeants at Mace The position of this place for Latitude is set in the deg 55.17 min. from the North-Pole and for Longitude from the first West-point in the degr 18. and 50 min. 6 Things of raritie and worthy observation in this Countie are those hils neere Richmond where there is a Mine or Delfe of Copper mentioned in a Charter of King Edward the fourth having not as yet beene pierced into Also those Mountaines on the top whereof are found certaine stones much like unto Sea-winkles Cockles and other Sea-fish which if they be not the wonders of nature yet with Orosius a Christian Historiographer we may deeme to be the undoubted tokens of the generall Deluge that in Noahs time over-flowed the whole face of the earth Also the River Swale spoken of before which among the ancient English was reputed a very sacred River and celebrated with an universall glory for that the English-Saxons first embracing Christianitie in one day about ten thousand men besides a multitude of women and children were therein baptized unto Christ by the hands of Paulinus Arch-bishop of Yorke A holy spectacle when out of one Rivers Channell so great a progenie sprung up for the celestiall and heavenly Citie 7 Places in elder times had in great estimation with the Romanes were Bayntbridge where they in those dayes had a Garrison lying the reliques whereof are there remaining Bowes in Antonines Itinerary called Lavatrae or Levatrae both by the account of distance and the site thereof by the high street of the Romans confirmes the antiquitie by a large stone found in the Church sometimes used for an Altar-stone with an inscription upon it to the honour of the Emperour Hadrian The first Cohort also of the Thracians lay here in Garrison whilest Virius Lupus ruled as Lieutenant Generall and Propretor of Britaine under the

fiftie pases so that the circumference cannot be great 3 The aire is not very good either for health or delight as being seated on those parts that are subject to extremitie of cold and greatly troubled with vapors and foggy mists that arise from the Seas 4 The soyle cannot be rich being rockie and full of stones and unfit for Corne and tillage It is neither commended for hils to feed sheepe nor pastures to fat cattle neither hath it vallies replenished with sweet springs or running rivellets onely one excepted descending from a standing pond The onely thing this Iland yeeldeth is a fit and accommodate aptitude for Fishing and Fowling 5 Notwithstanding this is very worthy of note concerning the same which Alcuin wrote in an Epistle to Egelred King of Northumberland namely that it was a place more venerable then all the places of Britaine and that after the departure of S. Paulinus from Yorke there Christian Religion began in their Nation though afterwards it there felt the first beginning of miserie and calamitie being left to the spoile of Pagans and Miscreants 6 It is also remembred of this Iland that sometimes there hath been in it an Episcopall See which Aidan the Scot instituted being called thither to preach the Christian Faith to the people of Northumberland being much delighted with the solitary situation thereof as a most fit place for retire But afterwards when the Danes rifled and robbed all the Sea-coasts the Episcopall See was translated to Durham 7 This Iland so small in account either for compasse or commoditie and so unpeopled and unprofitable cannot be numerous in Townes and Villages It hath in it onely one Towne with a Church and a Castle under which there is a commodious Haven defended with a Block-house situate upon an hill towards the South-East FARNE I LE THis I le South-Eastward seven miles from Holy Iland sheweth it selfe distant almost two miles from Bambrough Castle On the West and South it beareth upon Northumberland and on the North-East side it hath other smaller Ilands adjoyning to it as Wid-pens and Staple Iland which lie two miles off Brondsman and two lesser then these which are called the Wambes 2 The forme of this I le is round and no larger in compasse then may easily be ridden in one halfe of a day The bredth of it is but five miles and the length no more The whole circumference extends it selfe no further then to fifteene miles 3 The aire is very unwholesome and subject both to many Dysenteries and other diseases by reason of the mistie fogges and exhalations that are thereunto drawn up from the Ocean It is many times troubled with unusuall tempests of windes with boisterous fury of stormy raines and with severall and uncouth rages of the Sea 4 The soyle cannot be fertile being encircled about with craggy clifts neither hath it in it much matter either of pleasure or profit It can neither defend it selfe from cold lacking fuell as Wood Cole Turfs c. nor from famine wanting food as Corn Pastures Cattle c. The best commodity it yeelds is Fish and Fowle 5 This thing neverthelesse is worthy to be remembred of it which Beda writing of the life of Cuthbert Bishop of Lindisfarne that Tutelar Patron of the Northerne Englishmen reporteth namely that in this I le he built a Citie fitting his government and erected certaine houses in the same the whole building standing almost round in compasse reaching the space of foure or five pearches The wall about it he made higher then a mans height to with-hold and keepe in the wanton lasciviousnesse both of his thoughts eyes and to elevate the whole intention of his minde up to heavenly desires that he might wholly give himself to the service of God But these are all made the ruines of time as sithence many other Monuments have been of worthy antiquite 6 I cannot report that there are now many houses standing in it much lesse Townes or Villages Onely this that it hath a Tower or place of Fortification belonging unto it placed well neere in the middle part of the I le HOLY ILAND FARNE GARNSEY IARSEY GARNSEY THis Iland lyeth about five Leagues North-West from Iersey and is compassed like to her neighbour with the British Sea It lyeth in length from Plymouth Bay South-West to Lancrosse de Anckers North-East thirteene miles in bredth from Saint Martins point South-East to the Howe North-west nine miles and is in circuit thirtie sixe miles The Emperour Antonine having the rule and domination of France at that time called Gaule from whence the word Gallia is derived did name this Iland Sarnia which afterward by the change of Times and corruption of Languages was long since and is at this day called Garnsey 2 This I le in forme and fashion standeth in the Sea much like to a Parke that is incompassed round about with a Pale of Rocks being very defensible unto the Iland from the attempting Invasion of enemies 3 The Aire and Climate of this I le hath little or no difference in temper or qualitie from that of Iersey And this deserves to be remembred of it that in this I le is neither Toade Snake Adder or any other venemous creature and the other hath great plentie 4 It standeth for the most part upon a rocke very high in many places from the Sea Neverthelesse the Soile is very fruitfull yeelding forth great plentie of grasse for their Sheepe and other Cattell which they have to serve all uses Their fields in the Summer time are so naturally garnished with flowers of all sorts that a man being there might conceit himselfe to be in a pleasant artificiall garden 5 The Inhabitants are not so much given to tillage as they of Iersey though the soyle be as fruitfull They have of late taken great delight in planting and setting of trees of all sorts and especially of Apples by reason whereof they make much Cider Their commodities are alike and their helps from the Sea no lesse or rather more 6 In this I le are many great steepe rocks among which is found a hard stone called by the Frenchmen Smyris which we terme Emerill This stone is serviceable for many purposes and many Trades as Glasiers c. but especially for the Goldsmiths and Lapidaries to cut their precious stones 7 It hath a head of Land upon the North part thereof the passage into which is so narrow that a man would thinke that at every Tide the Sea beating strongly on both sides it were in a continuall danger to be sundred from the other part of the I le This place is called S. Michael in the Vale where in former times stood a Priory or a Covent of Religious persons the ruines whereof are at this day to be seene 8 The government of this I le in nature and forme resembles the other of Iersey of whom shall be said The people are in their Originall and Language alike also but

as also for the faithfull loyaltie which it hath alwayes shewed to the Imperiall Crowne of England for ever since it was wonne by Richard Earle of Pembroke it still performed the obedience and peaceable offices of dutie andervice unto the English as they continued their course in the conquest of Ireland whence it is that the Kings of England have from time to time endowed it with many large Franchises and l●berties which King Henry the seventh did both augment and confirme 8 Although since the time if S. Patricke Christianitie was never extinct in this Countrey yet the government being haled into contrary factions the Nobilitie lawlesse and the multitude wilfull it hath come to passe that Religion hath wa●ed with the temporall common sort more cold and feeble being most of them very irreligious and addicted wholly to superstitious observations for in some parts of this Province some are of opinion that certaine men are yearely turned into Wolves and made Wolfe-men Though this hath been constantly affirmed by such as thinke their censures worthy to passe for currant and credible yet let us suppose that happily they be possessed with the disease and maladie that the Physitians call Lycanthropi which begetteth and engendreth such like phantasies through the malicious humors of Melancholy and so oftentimes men imagine themselves to be turned and transformed into formes which they are not Some again embrace another ridiculous opinion and perswade themselves that he who in the barbarous acclamation and outc●y of the Souldiers which they use with great forcing and straining of their voyces when they joyne battell doth not howte and make a noise as the rest doe is suddenly caught from the ground and carryed as it were flying in the aire out of any Countrey of Ireland into some desert vallies where he feedeth upon grasse drinketh water hath some use of reason but not of speech is ignorant of the present condition he stands in whether good or bad yet at length shall be brought to his own home being caught with the helpe of Hounds and Hunters Great pitie that the soule fiend and father of darknesse should so grievously seduce this people with misbeliefe and that these c●rrours be not chased away with the truth of Christian Religion whereby as they carry much grace in their countenance● they may also not be void of the inward grace of their soules and understanding 9 This Province hath been sore wasted in the rebellions of Desmond to whose aide Pope Gregory the thirteenth and Philip K. of Spaine sent certaine companies of Italians and Spaniards who arrived not farre from Dingle fortified themselves and gave it the name of Fort de Ore sounding loud threats against the whole Countrey But Arthur Baron Grey Lord Deputie of Ireland at the first onset decided their quarrell by sheathing his sword in their bowels and Desmond●earefully ●earefully flying into the Woods was by a Souldier cut shorter by the head And againe when the Kingdome of Ireland lay bleeding and put almost to the hazzard of the last cast Don Iohn D' Aquila with eight thousand Spaniards upon confidence of the excommunications of Pius the fift Gregory the thirteenth and Clement the eight Popes all of them discharging their curses like unto thunderbolts against Queene Elizabeth of blessed memory landed neere unto Kinsal● presuming that the rebellions of Tyrone had turned the hearts of the Irish for Rome Sir Charles Blunt Lord Montjoy in the depth of Winter and with his tired souldiers so daunted their Spanish hearts that with one victory he repressed their bragging boldnesse and recovered the Irish that were ready to revolt 10 God hath oftentimes shewed his tender love and affection to this people in laying his fatherly chastisements and afflictions upon them sometimes by windes sometimes by famine and dearth and sometimes againe by opening his hand of plentie into their laps to convert them to himselfe and to divert their hearts from superstitions In the yeare 1330. about the Feast of Saint Iohn Baptist there began such a dearth of Corne in this Countrey by the abundance of raine and the inundation of waters which continued untill Michacimas following that a Cranoc of Wheat was sold for twentie shillings a Cranoc of Oates for eight shillings a Cranoc of Pease Beanes and Barley for as much The windes the same yeare were so mightie that many were hurt and many slaine ●ut-right by the fall of houses that was forced by the violence of the same The like whereof were never seene in Ireland In the yeare 1317. there was such a dearth of corne and other victuals that a Cranoc of Wheat was sold for twentie three shillings And many Housholders that before time had sustained and relieved a great number were this yeare driven to begge and many famished In the time of which famine the mercy of God so disposed that upon the 27. day of June in the yeare 1331. there came to land such a mightie multitude of great Sea-fishes that is Thurs●eds such as in many ages past had never been seene that the people were much comforted in this distresse and received great reliefe and sustenance by the same 11 Places of Religion in this Countrey were the two Abbies at Yoghall called the North-Abbey and South-Abbey The two Abbies at Limcricke S. Francis Abbey and S. Dominicke Abbey The two Abbies at Corke the Abbey of the I le and S. Francis Abbey and the famous Abbey in times past of the holy Crosse which hath had many priviledges and liberties granted unto it in honour of a peece of Christs Crosse that was as they say sometimes preserved there Thus were Christians perswaded in ancient times And it is a wonder in what Troopes and Assemblies people doe even yet conflow thither upon devotion as unto a place of holinesse and sanctitie so firmely are they setled in the Religion of their Fore-fathers which hath been increased beyond all measure by the negligent care of their Teachers who should instruct their ignorance and labour to reduce them from the errours they persevere in This Province is governed by a Lord President who hath one Assistant two learned Lawyers and a Secretary to keepe it in dutie and obedience It was in times past divided into many parts as Towoun that is North-Mounster Deswoun that is South Mounster Hierwoun that is West-Mounster Mean-Woun that is Middle-Mounster and Vrwoun that is the Front of Mounster But at this day it is distinguished into these Counties Kerry Desmond Limericke Tipperary Holy-Crosse Waterford and Corke which Countie in times past had been a Kingdome containing with it Desmond also for so in the Grant given by King Henry the second unto Robert Fitz-Stephen and to Miles de Cogan it is called in these words Know ye that I have granted the whole Kingdome of Corke excepting the Citie and Cantred of the Oustmans to hold for

Buckingham Recorders of Stafford Thomas Werswick Leichfield Iohn Rosse An. D. 606. An. D. 676. An. D. 718. An. 1148. Houses of Religion Castles Alton Carswall Chesterton Madeley Chatley Stafford Leichfield Tamworth Hely Newcastle Duddeley Tutbury Eccleshall The Saxonish names of this Shire The limits The forme Aire Soyle Severne Severne once the bounds of the North-Britaines Ordovices Caractacus Caer-Caradoc Cornavii This Shire a part of the Mercian Kingdome Henry the second Sir Hubert S. Clerc Henry Prince of Scotland King Stephen Shrop-shire the Marches of England and Wales King Henry the seaventh Prince Arthur King Henry the eight Shrewsbury the chiefe Towne Commodities Strength for warlike defence Magistracie Graduation Roxalter * Berry a Citie famous in Arthur dayes Castles 1. Whittenton 2. Ellismere 3. Oswestree 4. Wem 5. Red-castle 6. Morton-Corbeti 7. Knockin 8. Shrawerdon 9. Watlesburgh 10. Rowton 11. Brocard 12. Cause 13. Ponderbach 14. Atton-Burnell 15. Carleton 16. Dalaley 17. Tong. 18. Bridgnorth 19. Howgate 20. Bramcroft 21. Corsham 22. Clebery 23. Ludlow 24. Shipton 25. Hopton 26. Cl●n 27 Newcastle 28. Bishopscastle 29. Bruges 30. Shrewesbury 31. Holgod 32. Lavemuste The borders of Chesse-shire The forme The Ayre and Climate The Soyle The ancient Inhabitants CORNAVII CANGI Tacit. Annal. lib. 12. cap. 8. * Chester Romans Saxons Annal. Britan. Cheshire made a Principality Nic. Trevet A. D. 1255. The Gentility of Chesse-shire Cheshire chiefe of men Cheshire women very faire Ranulph Cest. lib. 1. cap. 48. An. Do. 70. Hen. Bradshaw Chester described The Minster built Henry the 4. Emperour of Almaine buried in S. Wereburgs Eadesburg Finborow Eadgar triumph Marianu● Scot●● Ioh Fik. Wil Malmes Ran. Higden Roger Hoven Alfrid Beverid Flores Hist. The Causey The Earles The confines Forme Dimensitie Ayre Soyle Commodities Woods carefully preserved in this Shire The old Inhabitant● Roman Saxon. Dane Norman Manchester Riblechester Lancaster more pleasant then full of people The grant of King Edward the third unto the Towne of Lancaster It is severed in some places by the force of the Sea Winander-mere It was last made subject to the West-Saxon Monarchy Arthur put to flight the Saxons Duke Wade put to the worst The civil wars of Yorke and Lancaster Their happy conjunction Castles Hundreds Market towns Parishes The benefits of Antiquitie Yorkeshire a great Province Mens affections most set to moderne matters Yorkeshire how bounded Full of Trees How bounded North. East West South Humber Yorkeshire divided West-Riding East-Riding North-Riding The Soile The Antiquities Columnes Altars Bric●es Abbeys Whitby Bolton Kirkstall S. Maries in Yorke Fountaines Monast. Saint Wilfrid Drax. Selby Causes of diminishing Church-livings Memorable places Halifax Pomfret Yorke Citie Yorke a pleasant Citie Egbert Arch-●ishop of York Rich. the third Hen the eight Severus Empe●our Goddesse Bellona Constantius surnamed Chlorus Osbright and Ella Ath●lstan The Citizens cost since Will. Conquerour The Magistracie of Yorke Citie The Battles Conisborough Aurelius Ambrosius Kirkstall Casterford Palme-Sunday Battle Lancastrians put to flight Places of other note Giggleswicke S. Wilfrids Needle Constantius Sepulchre An ancient Romane custome York●shire delightfull The bounds of the West-Riding The Ayre The S●yle Copper Lead Stone-Coale Lead-Oare Inhabitants Richmond the c●iefe towne The occasion of building it Oswy King of Northumberland The M●gi●tr●cie of Richmond The graduation Matters memorabl● A Copper Mine Cockles on the top of the Mountaines Swale River Paulinus Archbishop of York Places of Antiquitie Bayntbridge Bowes or Levatrae A Thracian Cohort there Exploratores band there Spittle Maiden Castle Burgh Aurelius Commodus Statue Catarick Religious Houses Richmond Cover●ham Fois Ignorance F●ith Castles Market towns The bounds of the North and East-Ridings The Aire The Soile and other Commodities H●rrings Kingstone upon Hull Stock-fish Beverly a Sanctuary Places where are stones found like Serpents Where Geese fall Where a Sea-man was c●ught Water for diseased eyes Black Amber or Jette Round stones with stone-Serpents in them The Battle of Battlebridge The Battle of the Standard David King of Scots Mowbray King Henry the second Religious houses Dunsley Gisburgh Kirkham Deirwa●d Market-Townes The bounds of this Province The Forme The Dimensitude The Ayre The Soyle Coale-pits Cambden The ancient Inhabitants The priviledge of this people S. Cuthbert The devotion of divers kings to S. Cuthbert Beda his tomb The Monks idlenesse the cause of their overthrow Hell-kettles A salt proceeding of stones Binchester Condercum Castles Hilton Bransp●th Ra●ye Durham Luml●y Wa●ton Ba●nard The bounds of Westmorland The Length The Bredth The Forme The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities Kendale the chiefe Town Earles of Kendale The Magistracy of Kendale Graduation of it Places of chief 〈◊〉 verterae Apelby Roman Coyns here sound Sessions at Apelby Castle A Romane Station at 〈◊〉 King Iohn One House of Religion Notes of Anquitie Amble side The River Ca● The Commodities of it Market towns Cumberlands bounds The forme The Ayre The Commodities The ancient Inhabitants Marian Scotus King Edmund King Stephens gift to the Scots Henry the Second Oliver S. Clere. Iames the sixt King of Scotland Carlile the chiefe Citie Edward the First Castles 1. B●w 2. Askirton 3 Scal●y 4. Nowath 5. Castlesteed 6. Castle-carock 7 Corhy 8 Lyndstok 9. Rawcliffe 10 Drumbugh 11. A●●allwat 12. The Roseca 13 High●ate 14 Wulsly 15. Clad●k 16. Haton 17 Grastok 18. Pemeth 19 Daker 20. Pape Cast. 21. Cokermouth 22. Werkinton 23 Hay 24 Egremand 25. Millum The bounds of Northumberland The Forme The Aire The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities New-castle A rich towne The occasion of naming it New-castle Richard the second Henry the sixt Barwick The situation of Barwick The Governour Battels in this Country Battels at Otterburne Anwick Brumridge Flodden-field Hexam Dilston Antiquities Halyston Busy-gap Light Horsemen A Martiall kinde of men Morpeth Market-towns Diversitie of names Forme Dimensitie Aire Soile Oaten-bread Commodities Freedom from vexation in Lawing The Magistrates manner of warrant for summoning a partie before him Bala-Curi the Bishops palace Religiousnesse of the people Matters worthy of note The womens girdles when they go abroad The manner of death for Malefactors The partition of this Isle 1 Syrric King of Man 2 Fingall 3 Godred Crovan King 4 Lagman King 5 Dopnald King 6 Olave King 7 Godred the second King 8 Raignald King of Man 9 Olave the second King 10 Harrold King of Man 11 Raignald the second King 12 Magnus King of Man Beda in the life of Cuthbert Verstegan lib. Rest●s cap. 5. Offa made M●ar between his Kingdome and Wales The breadth and length of Wales Rodericus Magnus divided it into three Regions Ann. Christ. 870. * Shrewsbury * D. Powel Gwyneth or North-wales * Anglesey * Caernarvon * M. Tate * Hist. of Wales Mon or Anglesey the first part of North-wales Beau-marish the chiefe towne of Anglesey Arvon or Caernarvon the second part of North-wales Caernarvon the Shire-towne of the Countie of Carnarvon Merioneth the third part of North-wales Y Bervedhwlad the fourth part of

de Na. ●erum lib. 2. ●u●laeus in Prod●mata Arist. Will. Malmes Annales of the Abbey of Winchester Clementin 5. See the Disceptation in the Councell printed a● Loran 1517. Armachan 5. Wil. R●shing M.S. Wadham Colledge newly builded The bounds of Glocester-shire The Length The Bredth The Forme Wil. Malmes The Soyle The Inhabitants The Commodities Market-towns Glocester City The Graduation Bristow Circester Alexander Necham Marianus Memorable places Barkley Tewkesbury Shel-fish congealed into stones Religious places Dukes and Earles of Glocester The Shires division The m●a●ure and cir●u●f●rence of this Shire The Climate The ancient Inhabitants Tacitus in vita Agricolae Sutton the Court of King Offa. Her●ford the chiefe Citie An. Dom. 1055. Bone-well Marcley Hill Iob 28 9. Esay 40.12 Religious Houses The number of Castles in this S●●●e Market-towns The anci●nt Sax●n name The bounds The forme The length b●edth ●n● circumference The Aire Aboundant in fruits Corn●lius Ta● in his description of Germany The ancient Inhabitants Worcester the chiefe Citie Can●t● D●●m●sdayes Bo●ke King Steph●n King Iohn Prince Arthur The Magistracie of the Citie Vpton Malverne Hils No certaine place is reccided of this Oke but held to be in this Shire Many Townes in other Shires belonging to this County Religious Houses Castles The Shires division and Market Townes The bounds of VVarwicke-shire The forme of the Shire The Length The Aire The Feldon Gen. 12.10 The Woodland The ancient Inhabitants The Battles * Or rather of an Elephant being not so little as a yard in length Iohn Rosse The name of Northampton-shire The forme The length The bredth The circumference Sir Tho. Mores ●topia Tacit. Annal. lib. 12. cap. 8. The Commodities of it Northampton the chiefe Towne Hen. Huntingd. King Iohn King Henry the sixt Ann. 1460. A.D. 1261. Peterborow An D. 546. An. D. 960. Katharine Dowager of Spaine Queene Mary Religious Houses King Edward the sixth Edward Richard Castles 1. Maxey 2. Fothringhay 3. B●rnwels 4. Rockingham 5. Goddington 6. Brabroke 7. Heigham 8. Northampton 9. Benifeild 10 Alderingham Market towns Ptolem. Chro. Sax●nica Iugulph Crouland● gist Abbat de Chertsey Malmes●●● Teg. Alfred Registrum S. Albam 12. Hen. 7.17 Flucux Leg. Cama Sax. Lect. divers saper Stat. de Foresta Lib. Domesday Rot. Forest. in 〈◊〉 de Comit. Rutl●nd 33. Hen. 3. Ger●●s Tilb. de n●cess obs 〈◊〉 Liber Niger in 〈◊〉 Iob. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Itine Foresiae Histor. Iornalensis Mat. West Hist. Dor. ●aus A. 7. E● 1. R●t Car. A. 28. 29. Ed. primi in arch Tur. L●nd Placit in Bane Reg. Hil. 33. Eliz. Liber Niger in 〈◊〉 33. Lib. Domesday pro Comita● Hunt S●ras●am Reg. M●●●●t S. Petri de Bargo 〈◊〉 in 〈…〉 Epi. 〈◊〉 Domes Ex Heji Elicus cap. 13. 42. Et pia a st apud Cant. 14. Ed. 1. Ex R 4. in arch T●r. Lon● de Ha●● in 〈◊〉 Hund. Ex Regi● Rom. vocat Dearslether in Sca●●ar 13. Edw. 3. f. Br●●f 241. Ex lib. rub in S●●c in quo volunt H. 2. Ex lib. Domes Ex Rot. comp in Scac. Tacitus de mor●●● Germ. Leg. S. Ed. c 7.19 Leg. H. pri c. 22. Ex Car● Hen. primi de liberta●ibus Leg H pri c. 10. Regist. Elieud 2 Leg. Her primi Ex Cart. Regis W●ll primi Remigio Ep. Lincoln Leg. Hen. 1. Gi●al 〈◊〉 in Simb Elect. Domesday in sine in com Hun. Marian Scotus Hen. Hunting Regist. Prior de Hun. Domesday Ex num 〈◊〉 antiquae Ex. cit Waltheoph com Hunt Ex Benedicto Monacho in vita Hen. 2. Ex inquisit de Feod●● milit Ex carta original● Da●id Comitis Ex cartis amiquis in Tur. Lond. Ex Rot cur augment Ex cart amiquis Itiner Iob. ●eland● Ex●ct de Quo Warranto temp Edw. primi Parliam 50. Edw. 3. Excart Reg. Iob. in Arch. Tur. Lond. Ramsey insula arictis Ex Regist. Ram. E●●lesiae Ex vita Abbat Rams Matth. Paris Hist. Major Chron. Ioh. de Walingford Monach. S. Albani Ex lib. de translat S. Iuonis Ex Regist. tertarium Monast. Ram. Cart. Hen. 3. Rot. de Quo Warrant Edw. Primi Broughton Ex protest Original sub sigil Convent Gocclinus in vita S. Iuonis Capgrave Leg. Sanct. Angliae Ex Lib. transla S. Iuonis Hist Elicus l. 2. Ex vita Episco Elicus E●●● Lib. Domes Regist. Priorat de Bernwell Ex Inquis in Arch. Tur. Lond. Ex Evident Familiae Domesday Cart. Hen. 8. Ex Certificat Com. temp H.S. Domesday Cart. Regis Iob. Ex Chron. Ab bat de Lecest. Ex Regist. S. Mar. de Lincoln Rot. Hundred de Leightoni● E. 1. Cart. Reg. Iohn Rot. Hun. Ed. 1. Ex vita S. Neai Ex Regist. Priorat S. N●ott Lib. Domesd. Eschet temp dr●ers R●g R●● H●nd temp Ed 1. Fr●sard Domesday Rot. Hund. d●●ous●and Chron. Saxon. Domesday Cart. Reg. I●hn Rot. de Quo Warranto Ed● primi Vi●a S. Ma●●u● * Ca●●ide● The bounds of this Shire The forme and occasion of the name Many places named from the nature of their soyle The dimension of it Ayre Soyle The Lord Harrington Okham Royaltie Homigers to the Lord Harrington The Earle of Lincolne The ancient people Romanes Saxons Normans King William the C●●q●●rour The 〈◊〉 of the F●rr●●s Stanford not s●●ted in this S●ire * Stanford an Vniversitie untill Augustines time Brasen-nose Colledge in Stanford Two Market-townes onely in this Shi●e The S●i●es partition At Cole Overton in Gas co●e hundred The Aire The Soyle Commodities Leicester Citie the Center of the Shire The names of Leicester Geffrey Mon● Leicester a Bishops See An. D. 914. Leicester destroyed through the Rebellion of Robert Crouch-backe Camden The Citizens grievously used King Richard the third A drinking for horses made of his stone Coffin Places of note Camden Maria. Scotus Bosworth-field in Anno 1485. August 22. Religious houses built and suppressed The Shires division The length of this Shir● The Ayre The Forme The Soyle Commodities Plin. Nat. Hist. Greg. Agric. Mineral l●b Market-Townes Lincolne the chiefe Towne An. D. 516. An. D. 940. An. D. 1140. An. D. 1217. An. D. 1123. An. 1186. Wil. Malmes Ann. 1536. Ann. 1549. Castles 1. Nicole 2. Clifford 3. Brum●e 4. Stanford 5. B●●am 6. Swin●shead The name of Nottingham The Borders The Forme The Ayre Commodities Battels Nottingham R●g Hoved. Asserius I●gul●his Hen Hunting Places of Religion erected and suppressed The Shires division The bounds of Darby-scire The forme The Length The Bredth The Circumference The Aire The Soyle The ancient people Tacit. An. l. 12. cap 8. The Commodities Pliny Darby Athelward Saint Maries Bridge Little-Chester Repton Melborne Buxton Well Elden-hole Devils Arse in the Peake Religious houses The division of Darby-shire The ancient name of this Shire The confine● of it The forme and dim●nsitude The Aire The Soyle * Cornavii the ancient people of it Tamworth An. D. 911. Beda The commodities of it Ten Rivers Stafford the chief Towne Iohn Capgrave King Iohn King Edward the sixt Dukes of