Casal situated within the Marquesship of Montferat All these controuersies partly ended his Maiestie solemnely gaue to certaine Princes the inuestitures of their fees or seruices as by them he was required The Cardinall of Constance was one of them and the Lantgraue of Hesse who receiued them by their Deligates The Abbot of Kempt being there present receiued them from his Maiestie in his owne person as also did the Marquesse Iohn Frederic of Enispach and the Prince of Anhalt The Duke of Saxonie also tooke his with the accustomed ceremonies making a magnificall and stately shew being accompanied with 1500. horse well prepared and richly furnished causing to be borne 13. Ensignes Count Palatin Elector with many other Lords receiued the like inuestitures as also did the Ambassadour of the Duke of Viuaria in the name of his Princes they all taking by this meanes confirmation of their priuiledges Those who take such inuestitures if they bee Electors they should pay nothing to the officers but if they be others they ought euery one to pay 63. markes of siluer which are distributed by the Comptroller of the Court to the officers in this sort He first retaineth for himselfe 10. markes and after that giueth 10. others to the Chancellor of the Emperiall Court to the Masters Notaries and Doctors 3. markes to the Taster of Limbourg 10. markes to the Master of the Kitchin of Noremberg 10. markes to the Vicemarshall of Papenhein 10. markes and to the Chamberlaine of Falkenstein 10. other markes prouided that such officers be then present at the Court executing their charges and in their absence those which doe their office take this profit The horse or some other beast vpon which he is mounted who requireth his inuestiture is due to the Duke of Saxonie if he be present or to the Vicemarshall if he be there and in absence both of the one and other it is due to him who then doth execute their office All these things being dispatched in this Diet the Emperor gaue order at the end thereof that all that which had been determined vpon for the warre should presently be in a readines And after hauing dismissed euery one and taken leaue of all he went to Vienna where he appointed a Diet to the subiects of his other Estates to bee held the 23. of Aprill In it his Maiestie being there present it was ordained that euery house should pay a florin that a gentleman who had more then 100. florins of reuenew by the yeere should keepe a good horse readie at his owne costs and charges that the peasants should bee sent by certaine bands and daies to Vienna to fortifie it that not any should receiue a seruant without testimonie of his life and that from his last master that for euery house the 5. the 10. the 30. if there were so many therein should be inioyned to go to the warre that throughout the whole countrie of Austria Morauia and the confines of Hungarie all should be prohibited to take pay of the enemie and that all the citizens and inhabitants of Vienna should prouide themselues of victuals for one yeere and that he who had not the meanes should depart the countrie The Archduke Charles brother to the Emperour for the same occasion assembled another Diet at Poson in Hungarie in which he found all the Hungarian Barons and Lords so disposed that they offered him all the succours which he demaunded and promised to march all in person to this warre when the Emperour or any of his brothers should there bee present We haue before written that Count Palatin the Elector was thought to be of opinion that very hardly he would accord to the great succours which Maximilian demaunded The interest which he might haue to this that such forces should not bee vnited together by the consent of all the States of the Empire was as in regard of his own particular fact he fearing least this assemblie of Princes and this armie might bee to his preiudice vnder colour and false newes of the Turks enterprises or that he changing his determination because he saw himself hindered by the Sophy or from some other place or by the meanes of some peace or truce made with the Emperour would containe himselfe from assailing Hungarie he saw then all these forces might turne vpon himselfe because that he againe had changed his religion which was conformable to the Confession of Ausbourg and had taken that which followed the opinion of Zwinglius and Caluin which was an act formally contrarie to that which was before ordained and concluded on in the yeere 1555. in the towne of Ausbourg by the States of the Empire in the presence of Ferdinand the last deceased Emperour who then was there assistant as King of the Romanes and as Lieutenant of the Emperour Charles his brother This ordinance was made the 24. of September and the tenour thereof is this The Emperour and King Ferdinand by reason of the doctrine religion and faith depending on the Confession of Ausbourg and the other Princes and Estates shall not constraine nor force any subiect of the Empire to forsake their religion their ceremonies and lawes which in their territories they haue alreadie instituted or shall hereafter institute being associated to that Confession and by any commaunds or other way not to force them to doe it and not in any thing to contemne them But shall freely permit them this religion with their goods faculties tributes tols possessions and rights in such sort that they may enioy them peaceably The controuersie which is for religion shall be composed with milde amiable and peaceable reasons Those who follow the said Confession shall in like sort beare themselues towards the Emperour King Ferdinand and other Princes and Estates confederated together in the ancient religion as well Ecclesiasticals as Seculars and towards all the other Ecclesiasticals and their Coleages into what part soeuer they are gone to make their abode so that they well and duly procure the ministrie therof as afterwards it shall be set down To these shall they permit in all libertie their religion ceremonies lawes possessions tributes and al other rites and by any meanes shall not hinder them but that they may enioy them peaceably All the suites differences and quarels which might rise betweene the one and other should be ended according to the vse custome and lawes of the Empire Those who are not either of the one or other religion are not comprised in this peace This restraint was made to withstand new troubles which easily ensue vpon the introduction of a new religion That neuerthelesse of Zwinglius being fuller of libertie and further from the ancient faith was afterwards more imbraced and notwithstanding this ordinance it hath found place in the countries and territories of the Palatin Elector as also it hath done in Polonia in Switzerland in England in Scotland and in France although that the ceremonies thereof are not in all alike
and that there is diuers opinions amongst the Doctors of it And although that in Spaine there is great seueritie vsed for the preseruation of the ancient faith yet neuerthelesse so it is that about this time in this Prouince certaine were apprehended who were conuicted by their Confession to hold and follow this new doctrine of Zwinglius and the punishment which was inflicted vpon them being accompanied with great ceremonies that they adde therevnto for a greater terror to the assistances I am willing to write the order thereof although it be from the discourse of this historie but seeing it falleth out so fit to our purpose and that in another place it may be I shall not haue the like commoditie nor occasion to set it downe in writing I desire the reader to take this in good part and to thinke that I adde and sometimes entermixe strange discourses the rather to recreate his minde then to content my selfe euen as the eye doth more delight it selfe to see in a fayre medow diuersitie of flowers then one onely kinde of colour in a corne field This exemplar punishment was performed in the towne of Valladolid in which for it there is appointed a great Scaffold by the Councell house and another adioyning thereto wherein the Princes must be About this place were also raised other Scaffolds vpon which must bee present the Councellors and persons of qualitie officers of iustice and Gentlemen not onely of the towne but almost of all the realme The abundance of people that was there was so great that in mans memorie the like was not heard of About ten of the clocke the 21. day of May the Princesse Ioane Gouernesse of Spaine and the Prince Don Charles went forth of the Palace accompanied with the Archbishop of S. Iames the great Constable and Admirall of Castile the Marquesse of Astorgne of Denigne and of Sarmia Comptroller of the Princesses house and the Counts of Miranda of Orsen of Nieua of Modecgne of Sardeigne of Zibadea of Andrade of Don Garzia of Toledo Gouernour of the Prince and of many other great persons Before them marched two Vshers with their Maces two Heraulds with the armes of Spaine the Count of Bondie carrying the Sword in his hand and all this companie conducted the Princes to the lodging which was prepared adioyning to the said great Scaffold Vpon the Scaffolds were alreadie the Archbishop of Siuill generall Inquisitor with those who were of the Councell of the Inquisition Roderic Bishop of Ciuidad the royall Councell the Inquisitors the Bishop of Oran and the Bishop of Palence The Princes being present at the windowes of their lodgings they began to carrie a Crosse couered with blacke with the Ensigne of the Office of the Inquisition and after marched the Clergie and prisoners who had bin receiued to penance and after them those who were condemned to death This procession departed from the Inquisition house by a high raised way made of purpose going vnto the said Scaffold where being all arriued and euery one set therevpon Frier Melchior who afterward was Bishop of Canaria being of the Iacobins Order began a Sermon and that ended the Archbishop of Siuill rising vp went to the Princesse and Prince and caused them to make vpon a Crosse such an oth as followeth It being ordained by the Apostolicall decrees and by the holy Canons that the Kings ought to sweare to carrie all fauour to the Catholike faith and Christian religion you conforming your selues to this holy ordinance your Highnesses sweare in the name God in the name of S. Marie and by the holy Euangelists by the signe of the Crosse vpon which you haue put your hands to yeeld all fauour and giue all necessarie helpe to the holy office of the Inquisition and ministers of the same against Heretikes and Apostataes and against all those who fauour and defend them and against all manner of persons who directly or indirectly hinder the progresse of this holy office and to constraine all your subiects to obey and obserue the constitutions and Apostolike letters giuen and published for the safetie and defence of our holy Catholike faith against Heretikes and against those who beleeue them receiue or defend them Vpon these speeches the two Princes made answer that so they would sweare And the Archbishop added these words Because of your holy oth our Lord prosper your royall persons and the Estates of your Highnesses for many and long yeeres By and by after one of the Registers who is there present demaunded of the companie whether they did not sweare the like oth They all made answere I. Then they began to reade the condemnations and iudgements giuen against them all and especially against those who were condemned to the fire And these were Doctor Augustine Cazagia his Maiesties Chaplaine and Preacher Francis d'Viuero Dame Betrix d' Viuero Dame Elenor de Viuero Alonso Perez a Priest Antonio Herrezuolo a bachelor Christopher de Occampo a Licentiate Francis de Herrera a Licentiate Iohn Garzia Christopher de Padillia Izabella de Straba Ioane Velasques Gonzala Vaes a Portugall Catherin Roman and Dame Catherin d'Ortegua These assoone as their iudgement was read were throwne into the fire But it being not possible but that some would desire to know what manner of proceeding this Inquisition is I minding therein to satisfie euery one principally in that which may bring some vtilitie with delight to the reader will here write of it as it is practised in Spaine seeing it is lesse knowne then the name thereof in other kingdomes This office was first inuented by Ferdinand King of Aragon who after he had chased or at least subdued the kingdome of Granado which as almost all the rest of the kingdomes of Spaine was for many yeeres in the hands of the Mores or Sarazins who had tamed Spaine from the time that Count Iulian called them thither to reuenge himself of the rape and forcement wherof K. Roderic of Spaine of the Gothish religion had vsed against his daughter Cana. Ferdinand hauing by ten yeeres warre reduced this kingdome vnder his puissance and permitting the inhabitants thereof to liue in their Mahometane religion afterward fearing following the aduice of his wisest Councell that this permission would bring some annoyance to the Christian religion by the frequent fellowship that these inhabitants should haue with his other subiects resolued himselfe intirely to purge this kingdome either by preachings or force Some of them chused rather to passe the sea and retire into Africke then to chaunge their religion Others by effectuall reasons or else preferring their safetie before their religion were baptized This charge to conuert them was giuen to the Iacobins These imployed their time therein with great care But seeing that their paines seemed vnprofitable to many they found a way to search out the meanes hoping that by feare they should keep them in the obseruation of the Christian faith which otherwise they
was payed to the Turke by the Hungars The Popes absolution in fauour of Ferdinand for the murther of George Raoul expulsed from his Vayuodship of Transalpinia by Mirce he recouereth it and discomfiteth Mirce The battaile betweene Raoul and Mirce Mirce ouerthrowne Tergouista the capitall towne of the Transalpinians The answer of Solyman to the request that the Hungars made for peace Letters of Solyman to Battor Vayuode of Transiluania Solyman for Queene Izabella The Transiluanians astonished at the letters of Solyman The oratiō of Castalde to those of the Diet of Wasrael The Transiluanians reanimated against the Turkes The pursuice against Aldene Queene Izabella practiseth her returne into Transiluania Peter Vicchy and Chendy for Izabella Euill intreatie caused the rebellion of the Transiluaniās against Ferdinand Duke Mauris dismissed The garrison of Deua put in route some Turkish companies Anno 1553. The Transiluanians solicite Queene Izabella to returne into Transiluania The renewing of the procuring of peace A Diet at Colosuar The Spaniards mutinie Aldene brought to Vienna Castalde retired out of Transiluania and returned to Ferdinand Castalde wrongfully accused Tocchay The Transiluanians rise in the behalfe of Queene Izabella Aldene condemned to death saued by fauour Hedin taken by the Emperour Charles from the French Castalde returned to the Emperour in Flanders The historie of the death of Mustapha Solymans eldest sonne Mustapha the eldest sonne of Solyman Rossa beloued of Solyman Mahomet Baiazet Selim Zeangir children of Solyman by Rossa Chameria daughter of Solyman maried Rostan Basha Muplety an arch Presbiter of the Mahometanes Gods reward for charitable workes done by Slaues appertaine to their masters Rossa made free To vse a free woman is sin Rossa made the spouse of Solyman The Turkish Emperours neuer marrie Rossa practiseth the death of Mustapha Rostan Basha conspireth with Rossa the death of Mustapha The eldest sonnes of the Turkish Emperours remaine not at the Court. The instructiō of the Turkish Emperours sonnes Anno 1553. The diuine resolution of Mustapha The Ianisaries obeying the signes of then Commaunders The vision of Mustapha prognosticated his death Seuen Muets executors of the Grand Seigniours pleasure The cruell words of a Tyrant Mustapha strangled Zeangir killed himselfe seeing his brother dead A great tumult in Solymans armie Solyman in danger of his person Solyman escapeth from his mutinous souldiours Bursia a towne where is the sepulture of the Turkish Emperours The innocencie of Mustapha discouered Selim killeth him who brought the newes of his brothers death Chendy excuseth himselfe to Ferdinand concerning the insurrection of Transiluania Albe-iula yeelded to Queene Izabella and all Transiluania Sigismond the 2. King of Polonia in disgrace with his mother and Polanders for his wife The Queene of Polonia retireth into Italie * A rich Barge wherein the Venetian Seigniorie expatiat themselues in the Adriatike sea neere to their citie Pappacoda entertained Bonna the Queene of Polonia A truce betweene the Emperour Charles and the King of France Charles the Emperour renounceth the Empire to the end that Ferdinand might haue it Philip came to seeke his father the Emperour Charles arriued in Spaine Valladolid The Emperor Charles instructed his little sonne Charles The place where the Emperour Charles retired himselfe to end his dates Ferdinand crowned Emperour The truce broken betweene King Henry of France and Philip King of Spaine Commaund from the Turk to Queene Izabella to chase out of her kingdome the new sects The death of the Emperour Charles Sumptuous funerals made at Bruxels by Philip King of Spaine for the Emperour his father Ambassadours of France at the Diet of Ausbourg The seate of the Emperour and Princes of the Empire in the Diets Succours graunted to Ferdinand against the Turke Tocchay taken by K. Iohn from Ferdinand Debatement of peace betweene King Iohn and the Emperour Ferdinand Albert Lasky Solyman in trouble and doubt by Baiazet his son Maximillian sonne of Ferdinand chosen King of the Romanes Solyman seeketh peace with Ferdinand Maximilian made King of Hungarie The death of Ferdinand Maximilian made Emperour Maximilian made warre vpon K. Iohn Sachmar taken by Iohn Debrezen burned by the Emperials Hadao and Atauiar taken by Iohn Lazare Schuendy Lieutenant generall in Hungarie for Maximilian Nemethy a Tutor spoileth his pupil of Tocchay The siege of Tocchay by the Emperials Nemethy slaine Tocchay yeelded Sachmar burned Eiden yeelded to the Emperials A great winter Debatement of peace betweene Maximilian Solyman Iohn Sigismond Nicholas Esdrim Counte of Serin Sachmar re-established A complot against the cōductors of the Artillerie Erdeu besieged by the Turkes Erdeu yeelded to the Turkes by composition Debrezen burned by the Emperials Newstat inriched with mynes of diuers mettals Bullets annoynted with fat cause death A continuation of the treatie of peace Paul Veidner a Phisition of a Iew became a Christian Ambassadours are not to be retained for and in place of prisoners taken in the warre Counte Salm enterpriseth vpon Alberegalis George Hossute Ambassadour for Maxilian to the Turke Newstat taken by the Turks Peasants paying custome to both parts The Estate of Germanie touching the Diets Ecclesiasticall Electors The Bishop of Salzburg rich The Bishop of Magdebourg Primate of Germanie Secular Electors The Elector of Saxonie and the Duke of Bauier the richest of them all Emperiall townes Little tribute due by the Emperiall townes to the Emperour Magdebourg puissant Lubec wealthie Ausbourg rich Danzie The policie which is held at the Diets Warre betweene the Kings of Sweden and Denmarke The King of Sweden referreth himselfe to the Emperour Maximilian Protestant Princes in rumour against Count Palatin for that he had changed his religion A negotiation for the mariage of Charles the 9. King of France Sigismond King of Polonia hindered by the Duke of Muscouia from making peace betweene the Emperour and King Iohn The Princes of the Empire arriued at the Diet. The Emperor went to meete the Elector of Mentz Succours frō the Pope to the Emperor The manner of Protestant Princes accompanying the Emperour to the Church The place and office of the Electors in publike acts The Duke of Sauoy and the Duke of Mantoa came to the ayde of the Emperor Demaunds of the Emperour in the Diet. Offers of succours made to the Emperour by the Princes of the Empire Commaundement from the Emperour to the Kings of Sweden and Denmarke The Switzes send to the Diet of Ausbourg Inuestiture is giuen by the Emperour and of that which is due for it Ordinances made in Austria to draw succours against the Turkes Occasion which might cause Count Palatin to distrust so great a preparation for warre Ordinance made in Germanie vpon the diuersitie of religion The opinion of Zwinglius or Caluin diuulged in Spaine and the punishmēt of some Sectaries thereof The notable ceremonie touching the execution which is done in Spaine against Heretikes The forme of the Spanish Inquisition King Iohn drew the Hungers to him Ainathschen taken by the Turkes
who the night before was commaunded to come from the other Campe for the same purpose Hee thought it not amisse to fight The King marueiling vpon what hope he had such courage would willingly haue disswaded him from such a purpose and demanded of him in the presence of all the Councell of what strength his forces were and the strength of the enemie For there was no doubt but that he very well knew it yea better then any other by meanes of his discouerers and spials which alwaies he sent and had in the enemies Campe and by reason also of many enemies which daily resorted to him Tomoree answered touching the first point in his iudgement he thought that there were no more but 20000. fighting men as well in the Kings Campe as in his those two being diuided as wee haue sayd but that for certaine he knew the enemie was 300000. The standers by being greatly astonished to heare their number so small in respect of the great multitude of the enemies Tomoree presently adioyned vnto his former speeches that for al their multitude they were not to feare thē in regard that their great number was for the most part without armour and not any thing acquainted with the warre The King further demaunded how many he thought the enemies were armed and in state to fight Tomoree answered that they were 70000. This number seemed yet to all ouer great in respect of the Kings armie euery one affirming that Tomoree said the Turkes had 300. great Cannons In the meane time whilest that these affaires were considered of as well by the cousell and instigation of the Fryer as by the desire and courage of all the souldiours greatly importuning to fight except such whowere I know not how possest by a foolish feare that durst not proffer themselues nor openly declare their opinions there came at that time certaine messengers from the other Campe who being admitted before the Councell sayd that they were charged to impart some matter in the behalfe of those of the other Campe as well to the King as to the Councell and then being in place apart acquainted the King with the effect of their message and after went in againe with the King to the Councell who in the name of all the rest which had sent them aduertised them not to disswade the King from fight that they were well assured of the enemies force although they were of farre greater number that the victorie was alreadie in their hands so that they would presently ayde them with that good fortune which God did present vnto them Besides they encouraged all the Lords who were of the Councell to march forward with the King and ioyne his Campe to theirs which was neerer the enemie and lodged in a place more commodious to assaile them In the end insteed of gentle perswations they vsed threatning tearmes against those who disswaded the King to the contrarie denouncing to them death and assuring them that if they would not presently ioyne the Kings Campe with theirs they would without delay march against them and force the enemies to acquite themselues from thence Vpon such speeches so vehemently vrged in the Counell the Kings presence and of all the other Lords there being also those among them who were of a founder and deeper iudgement for the good of the common weale and yet being greatly terrified by such vnciuill threatning they concluded to giue them battaile without expecting that the Vayuode Counte Christopher or the Bohemians could in time arriue at the day of battaile Francis Bathian Ban of Croatia who was at that time not farre from the fiue Churches with his troupes of Slauonians gaue some hope to be at the Campe within two daies as it afterward fell out There were some among them after all things being determined and the Councell risen that did greatly blame the resolution which was determined so suddainely to fight Francis Peren Bishop of Varadin was one of them a man young quicke and of a braue spirite who wrote and indited his letters so excellently well that not any Hungar whosoeuer did surpasse him in that art except it were Thomas Zalahazy Bishop of Vesprimia But yet he had been farre more commended if he had as well imployed his wit to vertue as he otherwaies spent his time in slourh and other friuolous matters in the which young men of good parentage doe too often take pleasure in to their owne ruine and ouerthrow of their Countrie He then as it were diuining of that which presently happened said to the King and not without great admiration of all the standers by that that day which was appointed to fight sith their resolution was such should be dedicated vnto 20000. Hungarian Martyrs the number of the Armie being no more slaine for the religion of Iesus Christ vnder the conduct of Paul Tomoree and that they should send the Chauncelor to Rome to haue them canonised as men say if so be he then escaped the battaile for that he was well knowne to the Pope and Cardinals by reason of an ambassage which he had been vsed in to his Holines I would to God that this Bishop had been a false Prophet There may be some that would accuse the Hungarians of ouer much temeritie for that they so feruently desired the Battaile and they say this hardnes ought rather to be named rashnes and foolishnes then by the name of vertue And surely I see not but that they haue reason to maintaine at this present such their sayings But yet they may be ignorant of many things which incited the Hungers thereunto whereby they might easily haue drawne vnto such a resolution yea euen the wisest and greatest Captaines among them and amongst other things this marueilous and incredible ardencie as fatall to all souldiours and the hope of victorie which euery one in his own conceite thought himselfe certaine and sure of Besides it was thought that Tomoree had some secret notice and speciall practises with many of the Turkish armie namely with those who were Christians or with such as were borne of Christian parents and also with those who had the conduct and gouernment of the artillerie part of whom were Almaignes and part Italians It was also further considered that the retraict the enemie being so nigh could not be done without putting themselues in great daunger specially the Turke hauing such nimble and swift horse to charge vpon the backe of those who should be in the rerewarde in which kinde of fight they are more strong and fierce then in an incountering charge The battaile then being thus determined and appointed order was giuen for all things necessarie thereunto First of all Tomoree went to his Campe which as we haue said was not farre from thence and with much a doe perswaded his men to retyre a little backe and that he would ioyne with the armie of the Kings The day following their Campe was ioyned with the bodie of the armie
made deniall Vpon the right hand of the King was the Archbishop of Strigonium and the Bishop of Zagrabia and the Bishop of Agria was sent from Batha to Buda Next vnto him of Zagrabia were the Bishops of Varadine the fiue Churches and of Sirmia Those of Iauarin and Vacchia were vpon the left hand Behinde the Chauncellor were placed the Bishops of Nitria and Bosnia and the Prouost of Albe after whom were the Secretaries and the Groomes of the chamber On the left side of the King and neere vnto his person there was a place voyde for the Counte Palatine who although he had the gowte and not without great paine could sit vpon his horse yet notwithstanding he did valiantly his dutie sometimes being in the Vauntgard and by and by in the battaile Whilest the Palatine continued not in his place there were certaine Barons kept themselues about the King and those two Bishops which we haue before named behind the King were Czetricz Malliart and Horuuath Master of his horse All these Lords had behind them the best and most resolute men they could chuse for their gard and defence In the midst of this battaile was seene the Ensigne royall which was borne by Iohn Dragfy Marshall of the Kings house which among the Seculars is the third dignitie next to the King This battaile was enuironed with light horse and certaine footmen vpon the flankes Vpon the right wing after the Bishops Secretaries were ranged these three rankes in which as we haue set downe was placed the Kings person The place wherein this armie was thus seated and ranged in battaile was distant from Mohacz one mile and from Danubius halfe a mile hauing neere vnto it a long and large plaine which was not any thing annoyed with wood bushes hils or water but only vpon the left hand towards Danubius there was a muddie marish and ouergrowne with rushes within the which afterward many men lost their liues Before the armie a farre off was a little hill which was of great length and in forme of a Theater behinde the which Soliman was incamped At the foote of this hill there was a little village with a Church it was named Feulduuar and in that village was planted the artillerie of the enemie with many souldiours specially of Ianisaries who on this side the houses of the village tooke vp a large place of ground by reason of their long and thicke troupes among those was Soliman as after was knowne This artillerie being thus planted was as in a valley and for that cause was lesse offensiue to the Hungars then if it had been vpon the plaine in so much that the feare thereof was more offensiue then the hurt The armie being thus ranged in good order in the morning presently after the Sunne was vp the day being cleere and calme Counte Palatine lead the King out of his place and did shew him to all the souldiours riding along the rankes of the armie as he had done the same three daies before to the end to frustrate the distrust which some had that his Maiestie was not present in the battaile openly shewing him to all with his hand and publishing aloude that the King was resolute and readie to endure all extremities and euen death it selfe for his countries weale for the vnspotted religion of Iesus Christ and for their wiues and children declaring to them on his part that they must shew themselues men and bee mindfull that they were Hungars and to be such who oftentimes as hardie and valiant defenders of the Christian publike weale had heretofore brought away so many and so excellent Trophees from such and the like enemies as these were who they saw before their eyes that they should not be astonished at the multitude of their enemies for that the victorie consisted not in the pluralitie but in the dexteritie and courge of the souldiours that God on high would assist them they fighting for his holy religion that the safetie not onely of their owne countrie which the Turks would vsurpe and tyrannize but also of all Christendome was now in their vnconquerable hands After that the King and Counte Palatine had thus reuisited all the rankes of his men of armes and footmen and vsed to all of them the like orations the King retired to his former place A great part of the day was spent in attending the enemie who hauing onely sent a small troupe of his people to skirmish he himselfe kept behinde the hils imagining as it appeared either to draw the Hungars within the straights of these hils or faining to deferre the fight vntill the next day he might in the meane time assaile them and in the night following they being vnprouided to set vpon them in their Campe which he might easily doe as well for the infinit number of his people as also for the great store of Cannon which he had or else that he might rather molest them by a protracting fight They knew not which of these three deuises the enemie would execute but all the day the Hungars were in great doubt of the Turkes resolution vntill towards euening they perceiued the troupes of the enemie to approach by a valley which was on the right hand vnder those hils being onely discouered by the tops of their launces The Frier thinking that they which now came in sight were of the Vauntgard to force and breake his Campe or to enuiron his people commaunded Iasper Raskay with two others who were appointed for the gard of the Kings person as is said before to discouer what the enemie would attempt and force them take some other way Iasper knowing what charge was committed to him to haue a speciall eye and care of the Kings person most honestly refused as much as he could that commission but in the end perceiuing the Frier did greatly presse him thereto and that the King did not contradict his commaund disdaining least the refusing he made vpon so good and iust a cause should be imputed to him as fearfull and cowardly suddenly he set spurres to his horse and with his two companions being followed of all the companies of souldiours which he commaunded aduanced themselues with this hope neuerthelesse wherof they held themselues assured that they should be able to returne in time before the King should haue need of them They being set forward although they were vncertaine whether the enemie would giue battaile that day or no for it was alreadie three houres past noone besides there were certaine of the principall of the armie who being tired with so long an expectation of fight were of opinion to sound a retraict and retire themselues to the Campe. The Frier hearing this sudden motion came with his companion towards the King and did aduise him in any case not to delay the fight alleadging that there was lesse daunger to fight now with part of the enemies armie then to stay vntill the next day at which time
know to be necessarie for you whereof I desire you not to feare to aduertise and solicite me In the meane time I recommend my selfe to your good fauour and prayers and humbly desire God to keepe you my Lord Cardinall in long health and happie life From Gaunt the 2. of September 1556. According to the contence of this letter Philip the only sonne of the Emperour came to his father at Scuebourg in Zeland whither from Gaunt he was come to imbark himselfe to sea There the father instructed him how he should gouerne the affayres of his States and how he should carrie himselfe to his subiects and his confederates after he had giuen him his blessing and imbraced him for the last time and dismissed all the Princes Ambassadours Gentlemen and Captaines who were there present his Maiestie the 14. of September a little before the sunne rising went aboord vnto a vessell prepared for him together with the two Queenes Elinor and Mary his sisters and being accompanied with 60. saile directed his course towards Biscay where with a fauourable winde he arriued within few daies hauing before passed the sea sixe other times He disimbarked at Larede a Port of that Prouince and there he was receiued with great honour by the Lords and Spanish gentlemen Some say that as soone as he set foote on land he kneeled downe thanking God for that in these last daies of his life he had shewed him this fauour to conduct him into this countrie which aboue all others he held alwaies most deare and by meanes whereof he was come to that high degree of the Empire attributing to it next to God in a manneral his victories and honours vsing these words As naked I came out of my mothers wombe so naked doe I returne to thee my second mother and in recompence of many merits which thou hast vsed to me I not being able for the present to bestow any other thing on thee I giue thee this my sicke bodie and these my feeble and weake bones After he had vsed these words notwithout shedding some teares he very kindly saluted all those Lords which were come thither to doe him that honour which they owed to him and after being put into his Litter he was conducted to the towne of Valladolid where was the Prince Charles his yong sonne In this towne which next to that of Tolledo is the principall towne of Spaine his Maiestie was resident a while during the which he exhorted this yong Prince to imitate the footsteps of his predecessors and charily to obserue and keepe the Christian and Catholike religion After that he went from thence into the Prouince of Estremadure to a Monestarie of S. Hieromes called the Heremite Friers situated in a very solitarie place and commodious to leade a holy life Hauing in this place giuen leaue to the two Queenes his sisters to depart and sent them backe to Valladolid this great Emperour chused there his last aboade and there ending the rest of his daies with few domestike officers giuing himselfe ouer to continuall contemplation of diuine things and forsaking all the affayres of this world he passed the rest of his time in prayer almes deedes and other charitable workes In the meane time Ferdinand King of the Romanes after he had receiued by the hands of the Prince of Orange the patents of the Emperour by which in his fauour he renounced the dignitie of the Empire the Scepter and Crowne with the Emperiall Mantle he went to the Diet of Franckfort accompanied with the said Prince with George Sigismond Sille Vice-chancellor and Wolfang Haller Secretarie of the Empire about the moneth of March. At this Diet were all the Electors and the ceremonies accustomed in such solemne acts being accomplished his Maiestie with all his Princes went to Aix where he was crowned Emperour notwithstanding the refusall which Pope Paul the 4. made to ratifie this election alleadging that it was not lawfull for that the Heretike Electors as he so called them intermedled therewithall But this no otherwise proceeded not from his Holines but by an occasion of a certaine deuice betweene him the King of France and others altogether against the house of Austria according vnto which the Duke of Albe was euen now come to blowes with the Captaines of his Holines and within a while after followed the breach of the foresaid truce vpon which occasion happened to the French this great losse which they sustained vpon S. Laurence his day in the moneth of August by the towne of Saint Quintins About this time the Grand Seigniour declared to the Queene of Transiluania that he vnderstood that certaine sects were crept into the religion which she held which by no meanes he would she should tolerate if she would remaine in his fauour knowing that such nouelties would bring nothing to her but tumult and losse of her kingdome and to him much trauaile and for this cause he commaunded her vtterly to extirpite them who were authors thereof and in such manner to extinguish them that there should not be any mention of them This command was not without cause For the Heretikes were alreadie nesled in this kingdome and by their preachings had sowed their darnell and withdrawne many from the vniuersall Church and if this commaund had not put them in great feare all the kingdome had been replenished with them But according to the will of the Turke and obeying thereto they were presently banished and chased from thence By which wee may see how much a sudden and readie foresight which is vsed with wisedome in things stirred vp besides and against ancient custome may infinitly profit in general at no hand preiudice in particular If this had been obserued in Germanie when the heresies there budded out this Prouince had not so much bin giuen to troubles as it was with the losse and damage of all Christendome In this same time Charles King of Spaine and not long since Emperour being fallen sicke in the Monestarie of the Hieronimite Friers after he had receiued all the Sacraments of the Church by the hands of the Archbishop of Tolledo named Bartholmew Miranda and not without the teares of those who were there present the 21. of September he yeelded his soule to God putting by his death an end to his great triumphs and victories and leauing this perpetuall memorie of him that of long time before him there was not any Emperour more valiant couragious wise and fortunate then himselfe His bodie was intombed in the towne of Granado in the place where ordinarily are buried all the Kings of Spayne His sonne Philip onely heire of all his kingdomes and seigniories after he vnderstood of his death he made a sumptuous preparation for his funerals in the Church of S. Iula at Bruxels And among other magnificences there was a great Ship which was made to goe through the streetes by art which was round about filled with goodly