of Parliament by their industry who are so well read in Machiavell as to have learned that the best way to enjoy a Kingdome is to divide it One side affirming our Government by a fundamentall constitution a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Aristotle a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Sophocles an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Plutarch and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Strabo saith an absolute and full Kingdome wherein his Majesty was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by no meanes obnoxious to his Subjects being Supreame over all Causes and Persons accountable to none but to the blessed God as the Hebrew Barnachman hath it who saith Job shall say to Kings yee are wicked or to Princes yee are ungodly The other side asserting our constitution mixt and our Supreame power divided between the King the Lords and the Commons as Chalchondylos formerly asserted of England Arragon Nâ—varrre vide Plin. l. 6. c. 22. and some new Politicians of late who though they confesse that in the beginning Kings had all power as Pomponius and Justine out of him yet afterwards as Tacitus observes the People established Lawes which the King was to obey Tacit. 3. Annal. Cic. de rep 1. et Fenestell 3. 2. And indeed we had the best constitution of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Solon and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Lycarg is by some made to speak § 23 But upon some discontents the severall powers clashed and mistrusted each other and gave themselves over to such feares and jealousies as put each rashly upon thoughts of War which cannot be just unlesse it be necessary and therefore not to be undertaken upon every causlesse feare of uncertaine danger But then there were some with Attila that Cared not how the War begins If they could bring it to their ends This civil War was managed a while with variety of success that neither side should either presume or despaire § 24 It pleased God his Majesty suffered some disadvantage at last successe being not commanded to attend the best cause here nor miscarrage the worst greatnesse and goodnesse justice and victory being not yet married there is so much security of tâ—e happinesse of another life that Christs Kingdome was not and our hapiness is not of this World though many have been perplexed with that question Cur bonis male sit why it fares so ill with the good yet a Bible well understood hath taught them that there is neither love nor hatred to be knowne by any thing under the Sun when we goe into the Sanctuary we are taught that its unwarrantable to appeale to heaven for the decision of this or that controversy by the successe bestowed upon this party or that cause according to its righteousnesse and due merit Pluto in Aristophanes is commanded to be as favourable to the wicked as the good because if virtue were rich she should be courted more for her dowry then for her beauty so if Justice or Religion had the advantage of prosperity we should be apt to follow it as the common Souldiers more for the prey then for the canse Christ would be followed againe for loaves § 25 His Majesties unhappy affaires in England made some alterations in his Councels together with no lesse unseasonable then unlawfull interposition of those of Scotland in our affaires for since civill society was instituted its certaine the Rulers of every one have attained a speciall right in which others have no share over their own Subject so that in them onely resides the supreame power of Judgement whence there is no appeal saith Thacydides Nos quotquot hujus Colimus urbis maenia Sufficimus ipsi nostra judicia exequi Heraclides Spartam tibi quae contigit orna nobiâ— fuerit Cura mysaenae Proc. vandal 2. c. b. n. b. although when Subjects suffer what 's intollerable humane Society hath allowed and prompted one Nation to assist another so the Romans assisted the Persians so the English succoured the oppressed Dutch and French § 26 These advantages prevailed with his Majesty to order the honourable Marquesse of Ormond to bring the Rebels to a cessation upon the most advantageous termes and to spare so many of his best Regiments for English service among whom his Excellencies is brought over as one every way accomplished for the exigence of those times affaires Neither needed his Majesty make use of a Quintili Varo redde legiones So compleat are his Companies that he might reply to his Majesty with reverence to our Saviours words and of those which you have given me I have hardly lost one § 27 No sooner was he and others landed on English ground but they were entertained with a Surprize by some Parliament Forces before they had time to know which was their foe which was their friend For the Scene was altered â—nd their noble hands were to be imbrued now in Protestant and not in Popish blood their swords were to be sheathed no longer in Irish but in English bowels It had been some comfort had it been strangers that they engaged with but alas it was with those of their own and their Fathers house It was w th their familiars those w th whom they had taken sweet councell together they of their own faith one Baptisme and one hope were their aid called against aliens it were easy to resolve saith Aristides Luctrica 5. but a suddaine disaster prevented these debates they being set upon by that Person whose undertakings were more suddaine then others thoughts and sometimes then his own § 28 The Parliament were too well informed of these Regiments to give them the strengthning advantage of uniting with the Kings main body and better instructed in that maxime dum singuli pagnant vincuntur universi then to let them pass without attempts upon them singly § 29 His Excellency and others were taken Prisoners and had now nothing left them but the glory of suffering for his Majesty he is deprived of all those things that make a Souldier and now what remaines but those prayers teares that may make a Martyr And in this capacity of a Prisoner did he remaine in the Tower so long aâ— to see his Majesty utterly defeated imprisoned aâ— himselfe the anointed of the Lord was taken in their Nets under whose shadow we said we should live in peace yea and murthered too to see Monaâ—chy laid aside Parliaments forced Lawes Priviledges and Properties invaded by their own Patrons and the veyle that the uncertaine Warre kept on the Rebells face now by a certaine successe drawn off At their first entrance to England the Irish Forces were puzled Against whom to direct their loyall Swords while each side was for the King for Lawes for Liberty Property and Religion But now they were satisfyed in what they meant that fought for his Majesty against the King Now the whole World saw that they least intended what they most pretended 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer they that sit at our helme looked one way
in Ireland for though Thucydides say the Athenians did well in a case of necessity to seek aide not onely of the Grecians but of the Barbarians Yet methinks I heare Fulco of Remes in Fred. l. 4. Hist. Rhemensi c. 6. admonishing our Charles as he did another who may not be afraid seeing you covet amity with the enemies of God and to the overthrow of the Protestant name take unto you Popish armes and enter into Leagues detestable they are great offenders saith Alexauder in Arrianus who serve the Barbarians against the Greekes contrary to the Lawes of Graecia shouldest thou help the ungodly and love them that hate the Lord 2 Chron. 19. 2. O King let not the arme of Israel goe with thee for the Lord is not with Israel nor with any of the Children of Ephraim 2 Chron. 25. 7. Be yee not unequally yoked with misbeliâ—vers for what felloâ—ship hath righteousnesse with unrighteousnesse what communion hath light with darknesse 2 Cor. 6. 1. 15. § 42 His Excellency resolves upon the termes proposed by the Parliament for the Irish service in the capacity of a Collonel of Foot but first he must take the engagement when usurpation hath ravished just power it usually supports it selfe with the two Pillars of Armes and Oathes a good Man feareth an oath and therefore his Excellency upon mature deliberation made a promise equall to an oath for a noble soule of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Persians such bonae fidei as Augustus that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isoc de evag. Gunther â—Leg c. Its word is as strong as its oath that he would be true and faithfull to the Common-wealth without a King or House of Lords and he is not a Man that would not be faithfull to the interest Common-wealth and good of his own Nation as well without as with a King which was the primary favourable proper and significant import of that ingagement to the best judgements of that time § 43 He is no sooner made sure but he is sent by that Man of dispatch O. C. into whom the old Emperour of Germany thought Gustavus Adolphus his hasty soul was got by a metempsuchosis with Reynolds and others to Chester and thence wafted over by a favourable gale immediately to Dublin and made his way resolutely through the thickest of his enemies to relieve the distressed City where they staid not long but impatient both of restraint and delay they sally out for more elbow-room with that successe that they had the pursuit of the enemy for many miles untill they came upon my Lord of Ormond's whole Army ready for an overthrow such was their confusion and disorder The honourable Lord of Ormond unhappily thus associated being betrayed to that security that he is playing at Tables and his Army and cause lyes at stake After this Victoryâ— these lower Commanders are carried about with the rapid motions of O. C. that violent first mover who upon his first arrivall Jehu-like drave furiously tovvards Trogedah vvith all his Forces took the place by storm and spared neither Man Woman nor Child Indeed throughout he vvas resolved to use the highest right and lavv of War vvhich after ages may dare to call an injury strangers were not spared for by the Law of War strangers upon an enemies ground is an enemy Philo. de judice ex vetere Oraculo Malcha excerp legis nor sacred Persons my Lord Broghil hanged a Bishop notwithstanding the common clamour for their Father in God with an haec sunt vestimâ—nta patris no native escaped the severall parts jusâ—ly suffering for the guilt of the whole It s lawfull to continue the punishment of a guilty Nation for one generation after its fault Arist. Pol. 7. c. 13. Lib. in â—rat de sedit Ant. Yet it s the generall Law of War if yet it have any law and it be not true what that rash head blurted thaâ— martiall Law was as absurd as martiall peace Hâ—stis sit illâ— et quâ— extra praesidia c. Liv. 37. Baldus 1. de just Bembus Hist. 7. mercy sanctuary c. are say the Souldier for the miserable rather then for the guilty venet de Asylis Thu. 1585. Cambd. Eliz. 1593. and we tooke all his Cities at that time and utterly destroyed the Men and the Women and the little ones and we left none to remaine Deut. 2. 34. Ps. 137. ult But with this flux of blood they said they stopped a greater Sanguinis fluxum diffusa venula revocamus Tert. The very repoâ—t of this siege reduced all Ireland for immediately the two next Garrisons Trim and Dundalk are quitted such a pannick fear seizing upon the Souldiers that they were not able to endure a summâ—ns this successe is seconded with the taking of Werford Rosse Kingsale Corke Youghal Bandon-bridge Barrow and Duncannon Enistroge Carricke Waterfordâ— and now Cromwell no sooner seeth a Citty or an Army but he â—onquers it In the meane time his Excellencies particuâ—ar honour was involved in that great renown of the Generall whatever glory he acquired it was as the Civilians say for his Master § 44 Ireland now acknowledging â—â—onquest in ten months for they were there but from the midle of August 16â—9â— to the next May 1650. which ten Ages formerly durst not boast of They return by order of Parliament to England to assiâ—… them in those dangers that threatned them on every side especially from Scotland that had ingaged it selfe by a latâ—… Treaty at Breda to assist his sacred Majesty 1. In bringing the Murtherers of his late Father of blessed memory to conâ—ligne punishment 2. In recovering his royall right § 45 Cromwell being to goe for Scotland the House having now concluded that the War should be offensive and my Lord Fairfax laying down his Commission makes choice of his Excellency for one of his Commanders in that desperate expedition which he willingly undergoeth when he heard the quarrel stated by Lashley upon the account of the Old Cause ' and not upon the account of the King whom they disowned as one sticking too close to his Fathers sins forsooth his House Friends ' Judging souls thought that War was for his Majesty rather then against him that Cromwell there was loyall and that it was a great courtesy for our Soveraign to be conquered least a sad successe had gained him a Kingdome with the losse of Religion Law and Liberty however his Excellency thought it unresonable to see his Native Countrey submit its Law and Religion to the sawâ—y imposition of a neighbour Nation that had been indeed often taught to take Lawes from us but never to give us any § 46 When his Excellency was in Scotland jealous Oliver joynes with him Lambert and Okey to watch his thoughts words and actions and to check him from any designe of loyalty which he discreetly observed and therefore managed each action committed to his trust as that against the Highlanders Dundee c. with such resolution as made
by rendring their friends the Phanatiques odious to them and so useless and unservicable when he seemed to discharge Cavaleers from imployment he meant those whose actions had been more serviceable to their enemies then their friends whose rash and unadvised zeal had done more harm than their Loyalty was ever like to do good for those sober persons that were in a mean between madness and AEnthusiasme were such as we have seen manage their moderate Councils in two Moneths with more success on his Majesties behalf then others have managed their valour in twenty years 7. He commends to them Scotland as a Nation that indeed had of late deserved to be encouraged and assures them of Ireland with the persons in whose hands that Nation was 8. He commends to them a Free State for he would gladly lay down his life but he knew well that Nunquam libertas gratior extat quam sub rege pio That it is the highest freedome a State can hope for to serve a good Prince Sect. The Parliament imploy him to the City And then he withdraws to his place in the Council of State where the first thing under consideration was the reducing of the City now stiffly resolved to own no power save that of a Free and full Parliament where he saw that that Parliament and Council of State were neer a period by those strong attempts they made to keep themselves alive Morientium morsus acerrimus the last endeavour of the dying is most vigorous for they order 1. That he should march into the City with so many Horse and Foot to force them to an obedience to the Act of Assesment It s the guise of men in power to act themselves in the plausible part of their Government leaving the more offensive passages to their instruments His Excellency coming up to the City at Guild-Hall peremptorily demands the Assessement by an order from the Parliament and the Council of State to which demand proceeding from him beyond expectation the City after a little respit for extasy and amazement return this answer In Magna Charta confirmed by the Petition of Right and renewed by this present Parliament a day before their forcible dissolution upon the 11. of Octob. they were to pay no Taxes c. but by their consent iu Parliament which now they had not Yet to give no offence to the Parliament the Council of State or his Excellency desire time to consider of it and indeed those debates upon which depended the welfare of the Nation with its Liberties priveledges and properties called for time and leisure His Excellency in the mean time writes to the House to know their pleasure to which they answer that 1. He should imprison the Honourable Col. Bromfield Alder. Bludworth L. C. Jackson Maâ—or Cox c. 2. That he should remove their Chaines digge up their posts and break their Gates Which strange orders were sent not only to try his Excellencys patience and obedience but to make that emnity open which was but suspected between him and the City so did Achitophel advise Absolom to ravish his Fathers Concubines before all Israel that Israel might be assured that he and his Father were enemies And his Excellency obeys them readily thereby gaining an opportunity to discover the genius of the City which he had not otherwise there known certainly to be so resolute for and so true to Liberty and right Sect. They afterwards degrade him But the Parliament as they intended that by that imployment so offensive to the City he should weaken his Interest so they contrive that while he is busy in it he should be weakned in his power His Commission for Generalship expiring they renew it not according to his desert but impower six more of themselves to be equal with him in command that never came neer him in merits according to their interest viz. Hazslerig Walton Morley c. which when his Army heared as they were not satisfied with their late imployment so much less were they satisfied with this reward the lessening of their Generals power when they might justly expect his advancement and therefore being assured of the City by a conference at the three Tunns at Guild-Hall his Excellencies Head quarters His Officers Remonstrance thereupon They humbly remonstrate First their sence of that violence they were commanded to offer the renowned City a violence unparraleld in our worst of daies which though they made havock of most part of the Nations yet spared the ancient City for its late performances too honourable and for its antiquity too reverend to be so abused Secondly their fear of several persons eminent in this late disturbance who had their freedome within and without the City to consult plot and design what might reduce us to our former misery Thirdly their abhorrency of a late Petition delivered in the House by Praise-God Barebone so subversive of all order and power so dangerous to all Religion worship and discipline so destructive to all Lawes Statutes and Customes that to repeat it was to confute and condemne it and all sober eyes have as soon abhorred it as seen it Fourthly Their wish that the Parliament would quickly determine their session and provide for succeeding Parliaments Sect. He adheres to the City for a Free Parliament Which as soon as his Excellency had communicated to the Speaker by a Letter he marched to London for quarters declaring for a Free Parliament and caâ—ting himself upon the love and faithfulness of the City and Coâ—ntreâ— that they might stand by him in the prosecution of publick good In which resolution he persisted notwithstanding 1. The flatteries of the House caâ—oling him with the Honour of Hampâ—on Court and his Brotheâ— the Honorable Sir â— h. Clergis with the Hamper Office which was woâ—th a 1000 l. a year 2. Their sâ—ares into which had it not been for his incomparable Lady he migh hâ—ve been trappanned by a dinner to whiâ—h he was to be invited by the Council of State 3. their threatnings expressed in Haslerig 's Speeches that breathed nothing but fire and sword In the mean time taking his quarters among the Citizens he expects patiently the issue of the Parliaments debates in answer to his last Letters to them and finding they thought of nothing but the setling of their own interest and continuing of their power he desired the messengers they sent to treat with him to delay time to procure a conference between some Members of the House and some honourable patriots that were excluded from it which was granted and had before him for mutual information He heardt the controversie between the Secluded and the other Members in which he â—udiâ—iously weighed each sides reasons and arguments being all the while silent himself and conâ—luding with himself upon the result of the whole that the settlement intended by the house was upon â—oundations too naâ—…ow to bear up a publike good He admits Secluded Members to