master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n come_v aboard_o our_o ship_n to_o signify_v to_o the_o ambassador_n from_o their_o majesty_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n mother_n the_o satisfaction_n they_o receive_v at_o his_o arrival_n but_o before_o he_o can_v deliver_v his_o compliment_n we_o escape_v â—ery_o narrow_o from_o be_v cast_v away_o for_o have_v weigh_v our_o anchor_n in_o the_o morning_n to_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o wind_n that_o be_v something_o favourable_a the_o pilot_n double_v a_o point_n to_o gain_v the_o great_a benefit_n by_o it_o the_o vessel_n on_o a_o sudden_a run_v so_o near_o the_o rock_n the_o pilot_n in_o a_o great_a fright_n be_v force_v to_o tack_n immediate_o with_o all_o the_o dexterity_n he_o be_v able_a which_o be_v not_o so_o great_a but_o the_o ship_n strike_v with_o her_o poop_n as_o she_o be_v turn_v about_o but_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n it_o be_v do_v without_o any_o other_o mischief_n than_o a_o concussion_n that_o wake_v and_o affright_v too_o all_o 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ambassador_n their_o majesty_n have_v join_v several_a of_o their_o gentleman_n page_n and_o footman_n to_o his_o train_n the_o livery_n my_o lord_n ambassador_n have_v in_o this_o place_n be_v new_a livery_n bring_v he_o with_o several_a other_o good_n by_o mr._n watson_n to_o riga_n they_o be_v like_o those_o which_o they_o wear_v at_o moscow_n of_o scarlet_a cloth_n the_o king_n of_o england_n colour_n but_o trime_v up_o after_o another_o fashion_n according_a to_o the_o mode_n at_o that_o time_n and_o in_o all_o point_n very_o rich_a and_o handsome_a of_o the_o ambassador_n residence_n at_o stockholm_n his_o excellence_n have_v spend_v but_o five_o week_n in_o this_o town_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v many_o â—hings_n to_o speak_v upon_o occasion_n of_o this_o embassy_n â—he_v principal_a end_n whereof_o be_v to_o declare_v in_o â—he_n behalf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o sincere_a desire_n his_o majesty_n have_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o â—ricter_a correspondence_n with_o the_o king_n of_o swedeâ—and_n but_o before_o we_o enter_v upon_o this_o subject_n â—t_a will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o premise_v a_o word_n or_o too_o concern_v this_o court._n the_o word_n stockholm_n be_v proper_o the_o name_n of_o the_o isle_n in_o which_o the_o city_n be_v build_v which_o â—sland_n be_v call_v stockholm_n which_o signify_v the_o â—sle_n of_o the_o tronk_fw-mi or_o body_n of_o a_o tree_n holmeâ—ignifying_v â—ignifying_z a_o island_n and_o stock_n the_o trunk_n of_o a_o tree_n for_o the_o capital_a city_n be_v burn_v of_o â—ld_v they_o which_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o do_v it_o as_o they_o relate_v it_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o â—hrew_v the_o trunk_n of_o a_o tree_n into_o the_o water_n and_o resolve_v that_o at_o what_o island_n soever_o the_o same_o trunk_n first_o rest_v in_o that_o place_n they_o will_v â—uild_v their_o town_n and_o the_o trunk_n rest_v in_o â—his_fw-la place_n the_o town_n be_v according_o build_v â—here_o and_o call_v stockholm_n as_o the_o island_n also_o â—s_a the_o town_n be_v very_o compact_v but_o even_o with_o â—he_n suburb_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o big_a as_o rovenâ—n_n â—n_z france_n the_o building_n be_v most_o of_o stone_n yet_o some_o also_o of_o wood_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n there_o be_v several_a very_o magnificent_a and_o among_o they_o that_o of_o general_n wrangel_n and_o the_o chancellor_n there_o be_v some_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v build_v off_o from_o the_o island_n stand_v like_o part_n of_o venice_n upon_o pile_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n flow_v under_o they_o the_o palace_n have_v nothing_o in_o it_o very_o remarkable_a save_v that_o it_o stand_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v a_o fair_a prospect_n of_o several_a ship_n that_o ride_v hard_a by_o and_o the_o king_n man_n of_o war_n among_o the_o rest_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o considerable_a in_o stockholm_n be_v that_o in_o so_o crag_v and_o unpleasant_a a_o place_n the_o people_n shall_v be_v so_o courteous_a and_o friendly_a and_o that_o among_o so_o many_o rock_n and_o uninhabited_a island_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o fortress_n to_o the_o town_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o court_n so_o civil_a and_o benign_a in_o moscovie_n we_o have_v experience_n of_o the_o contrary_a where_o in_o a_o country_n pleasant_a &_o beautiful_a we_o find_v a_o people_n who_o manner_n of_o live_v be_v very_o rude_a and_o austere_a whereas_o here_o in_o a_o place_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o very_a refuse_n of_o nature_n we_o find_v all_o manner_n of_o humanity_n and_o politeness_n beside_o the_o peculiar_a language_n of_o the_o country_n the_o nobility_n do_v with_o great_a industry_n addict_v themselves_o to_o the_o french_a and_o indeed_o they_o speak_v it_o as_o free_o as_o if_o it_o be_v their_o own_o their_o humour_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v have_v great_a affinity_n with_o the_o french_a also_o they_o be_v free_a and_o open_a heart_a and_o no_o less_o affector_n of_o gallantry_n as_o for_o their_o religion_n they_o follow_v as_o they_o do_v in_o denmark_n the_o doctrine_n of_o luther_n his_o excellence_n be_v arrive_v at_o this_o court_n â—e_z be_v for_o three_o day_n entertain_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n and_o on_o the_o three_o which_o be_v a_o sunday_n he_o have_v audience_n from_o his_o majesty_n i_o shall_v not_o delay_v myself_o so_o much_o as_o to_o make_v any_o description_n of_o their_o ceremony_n they_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v ordinary_o use_v in_o other_o court_n of_o europe_n this_o only_a 〈◊〉_d shall_v say_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n that_o at_o that_o time_n he_o be_v not_o full_o arrive_v at_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o yet_o be_v at_o that_o age_n endue_v with_o all_o the_o
arrive_v at_o archangel_n from_o london_n have_v without_o question_n give_v we_o fair_a recommendation_n by_o the_o report_n they_o have_v publish_v at_o this_o town_n and_o through_o the_o whole_a road_n to_o moscow_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a reception_n which_o have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n here_o i_o shall_v take_v the_o liberty_n of_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o people_n call_v samojedes_o upon_o occasion_n of_o some_o of_o they_o that_o we_o see_v at_o archangel_n they_o be_v of_o a_o country_n very_o barbarous_a but_o under_o the_o tzars_n dominion_n and_o of_o a_o long_a time_n instruct_v in_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o greek_n their_o habitation_n be_v under_o the_o freeze_a zone_n near_o the_o ancient_a scythia_n towards_o the_o ryphean_a or_o hyperborean_a mountain_n which_o be_v next_o neighbour_n to_o petzora_n which_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o the_o word_n samojedes_o denote_v what_o they_o have_v former_o be_v viz._n anthropophagi_n or_o such_o as_o eat_v mansflesh_n for_o samojedes_o be_v compose_v of_o sam_n which_o signify_v once_o self_n and_o jeda_n which_o signify_v to_o eat_v and_o indeed_o they_o do_v use_v to_o eat_v the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a friend_n with_o venison_n the_o sun_n that_o rob_v they_o of_o his_o presence_n in_o their_o country_n five_o or_o six_o month_n every_o year_n oblige_v they_o to_o make_v provision_n in_o summer_n of_o whatever_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o livelihood_n in_o so_o tedious_a a_o obscurity_n against_o which_o they_o have_v no_o better_a remedy_n than_o the_o brightness_n of_o their_o lamp_n which_o be_v feed_v with_o a_o certain_a oil_n draw_v out_o of_o fish_n it_o be_v report_v that_o their_o house_n be_v build_v half_a way_n under_o ground_n and_o that_o for_o their_o mutual_a conversation_n in_o winter_n they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v trench_n in_o stead_n of_o sheet_n and_o that_o in_o summer_n time_n they_o march_v out_o from_o their_o 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on_o the_o outside_n which_o garb_n appear_v so_o horrid_a that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n at_o first_o sight_n not_o to_o be_v fright_v to_o see_v they_o habit_v in_o fur_n like_o savage_a beast_n under_o their_o vest_n they_o wear_v shirt_n make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o young_a rhine_n deer_n which_o be_v much_o soft_a than_o linen_n and_o under_o those_o shirt_n drawer_n they_o use_v also_o a_o very_a large_a sort_n of_o bonnet_n which_o hang_v down_o round_o about_o their_o shoulder_n and_o be_v common_o make_v of_o cloth_n and_o line_v with_o fur_n their_o stature_n be_v but_o low_a their_o face_n flat_a and_o broad_a like_o the_o tartar_n and_o their_o hair_n long_o two_o or_o three_o of_o these_o samojede_n be_v bring_v to_o his_o excellency_n with_o who_o he_o entertain_v himself_o for_o some_o time_n with_o several_a question_n which_o he_o ask_v they_o touch_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v he_o have_v the_o diversion_n also_o to_o see_v they_o dance_v after_o the_o mode_n of_o their_o country_n which_o be_v the_o most_o ridiculous_a in_o the_o world_n the_o preparation_n his_o excellence_n make_v for_o his_o voyage_n up_o the_o river_n consist_v of_o six_o barge_n or_o great_a boat_n for_o his_o train_n and_o baggage_n of_o which_o one_o be_v set_v apart_o for_o his_o kitchen_n and_o a_o hearth_n and_o chimney_n contrive_v in_o it_o and_o a_o other_o for_o his_o coach_n horse_n beside_o these_o six_o there_o be_v one_o bark_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pristaff_n who_o resolve_v to_o carry_v his_o wife_n along_o with_o he_o the_o day_n of_o our_o departure_n be_v at_o hand_n his_o excellence_n and_o all_o his_o gentleman_n provide_v themselves_o with_o gown_n and_o coat_n line_v with_o fur_n some_o of_o martin_n other_o of_o sable_n beaver_n fox_n or_o squirrel_n to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o cold_a which_o be_v sufficient_o increase_v at_o archangel_n when_o we_o arrive_v there_o the_o most_o of_o they_o buy_v cap_n line_v with_o fur_n according_a to_o the_o polonian_a fashion_n some_o buy_v also_o their_o cap_n like_o the_o samojede_n other_o for_o curiosity_n sake_n buy_v whole_a suit_n ready_o make_v which_o cost_v they_o but_o about_o ten_o shilling_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n also_o will_v needs_o give_v we_o supply_n against_o the_o winter_n and_o present_v most_o of_o my_o lord_n ambassador_n domestics_n with_o sheep_n skin_v dress_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o moscovie_n and_o some_o fair_a buck_n skin_n to_o lie_v upon_o instead_o of_o quilt_n of_o his_o excellency_n voyage_n from_o archangel_n to_o vologda_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o duina_n and_o sucagna_fw-la on_o saturday_n the_o twelve_o of_o september_n his_o excellence_n depart_v from_o archangel_n with_o all_o his_o train_n and_o come_v the_o next_o day_n to_o colmogro_n and_o on_o the_o nineteenth_o to_o arsinoa_n which_o be_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n every_o verse_v be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o league_n from_o archangel_n on_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o we_o part_v from_o arsinoa_n and_o on_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o arrive_v at_o yagrish_n one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o long_a verst_n and_o from_o yagrish_n to_o vstiga_n which_o be_v one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n in_o five_o day_n the_o three_o of_o october_n we_o leave_v vstiga_n which_o be_v almost_o half_a way_n betwixt_o archangel_n and_o vologda_n and_o on_o the_o twelve_o arrive_v at_o tetma_n which_o from_o vstiga_n be_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o verst_n from_o thence_o in_o three_o day_n we_o come_v to_o chousca_n one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o verst_n and_o on_o saturday_n the_o seventeen_o of_o october_n we_o arrive_v at_o vologda_n which_o be_v ninety_o verst_n from_o chousca_n so_o as_o this_o voyage_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o league_n take_v we_o up_o five_o week_n complete_a in_o the_o relation_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v first_o speak_v something_o in_o general_a concern_v the_o manner_n of_o our_o navigation_n we_o make_v no_o use_n of_o horse_n for_o the_o hale_a our_o bark_n from_o archangel_n to_o vologda_n but_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v up_o the_o river_n we_o perform_v all_o with_o man_n so_o that_o ordinary_o we_o have_v no_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o with_o we_o the_o river_n be_v not_o very_o rapid_a but_o in_o certain_a place_n where_o we_o be_v sometime_o constrain_v to_o employ_v the_o watermen_n of_o two_o boat_n for_o draw_v up_o a_o single_a one_o against_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o stream_n but_o his_o excellence_n fear_v and_o not_o without_o reason_n the_o river_n will_v freeze_v before_o we_o can_v finish_v our_o voyage_n he_o entreat_v the_o pristaf_n bogdan_n to_o go_v before_o that_o we_o may_v have_v fresh_a waterman_n ready_a at_o our_o arrival_n in_o every_o relay_v &_o that_o all_o necessary_a provision_n be_v provide_v before_o hand_n we_o may_v have_v no_o occasion_n lo_o lose_v our_o time_n but_o this_o care_n be_v very_o ill_o second_v by_o our_o pilot_n who_o run_v we_o several_a time_n upon_o ground_n so_o that_o sometime_o we_o spend_v two_o or_o three_o hour_n in_o disengage_v a_o boat_n from_o the_o rock_n and_o sometime_o we_o receive_v so_o horrible_a concussion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n the_o barque_n be_v not_o break_v to_o piece_n under_o we_o and_o this_o give_v one_o occasion_n to_o say_v that_o peradventure_o the_o boat_n do_v break_v the_o rock_n in_o the_o night_n time_n ordinary_o the_o boat-man_n make_v fire_n in_o the_o wood_n as_o if_o they_o will_v have_v set_v all_o moscovie_n on_o fire_n and_o when_o they_o have_v do_v lay_v themselves_o down_o by_o it_o to_o sleep_v very_o civil_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n we_o have_v always_o very_o good_a provision_n of_o victual_n and_o especial_o of_o strong_a water_n of_o wine_n mead_n and_o quaz_n
the_o example_n of_o other_o country_n which_o have_v live_v and_o do_v live_v under_o the_o same_o maxim_n the_o lacedaemonian_n among_o other_o who_o glory_v and_o boast_v that_o they_o live_v under_o the_o great_a liberty_n be_v subject_a notwithstanding_o to_o this_o law_n &_o forbid_v any_o commerce_n with_o foreign_a nation_n whereas_o the_o muscovite_n be_v permit_v to_o traffic_n with_o they_o in_o their_o own_o country_n which_o give_v i_o some_o hope_n they_o will_v in_o time_n leave_v off_o that_o rustic_a and_o barbarous_a humour_n which_o be_v so_o natural_a to_o they_o and_o learn_v by_o degree_n to_o live_v with_o more_o civility_n for_o they_o be_v already_o delight_v with_o the_o conversation_n of_o foreign_a merchant_n and_o do_v please_v themselves_o very_o much_o in_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v and_o be_v they_o under_o a_o gentle_a government_n and_o have_v a_o free_a trade_n with_o every_o body_n no_o doubt_n but_o this_o nation_n will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n 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earth_n nor_o do_v any_o of_o they_o except_o some_o few_o fisherman_n expose_v themselves_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o they_o no_o far_a than_o within_o sight_n of_o the_o shore_n the_o second_o maxim_n the_o tzar_n make_v use_v of_o for_o maintain_v the_o policy_n of_o their_o estate_n be_v that_o they_o marry_v no_o foreign_a princess_n nor_o look_v out_o any_o far_a for_o a_o wife_n than_o their_o own_o proper_a slave_n the_o other_o prince_n of_o europe_n who_o be_v solicitous_a of_o nothing_o but_o the_o good_a and_o happiness_n of_o their_o subject_n do_v comport_v themselves_o clear_a otherwise_o they_o marry_v themselves_o with_o foreign_a lady_n for_o the_o alliance_n of_o their_o nation_n and_o in_o order_n to_o establish_v a_o reciprocal_a and_o perpetual_a amity_n betwixt_o they_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o both_o by_o which_o mean_v they_o avoid_v the_o insolence_n of_o their_o wife_n relation_n which_o be_v almost_o inevitable_a where_o a_o prince_n take_v a_o wife_n out_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n moreover_o it_o be_v certain_o more_o honourable_a and_o more_o worthy_a the_o majesty_n of_o a_o king_n to_o espouse_v a_o princess_n that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o number_n of_o his_o subject_n unite_n and_o mingle_v as_o it_o be_v their_o crown_n as_o well_o as_o their_o blood_n to_o produce_v a_o posterity_n perfect_o royal._n whereas_o to_o take_v a_o wife_n from_o that_o infinite_a distance_n which_o there_o be_v betwixt_o a_o king_n and_o a_o subject_a to_o join_v she_o to_o the_o crown_n to_o descend_v from_o his_o throne_n as_o it_o be_v to_o raise_v she_o up_o thither_o who_o perhaps_o be_v very_o unfit_a for_o so_o great_a a_o elevation_n be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o prostitute_v and_o debase_v the_o majesty_n of_o a_o monarch_n yet_o among_o the_o tzar_n of_o moscovy_n it_o be_v very_o usual_a lest_o by_o introduce_v a_o foreign_a princess_n she_o shall_v bring_v some_o new_a custom_n along_o with_o she_o which_o in_o time_n may_v cause_v some_o alteration_n in_o the_o state_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o this_o present_a tzar_n vouchsafe_v on_o shrove-sunday_n 1647._o which_o be_v then_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o second_o of_o his_o reign_n to_o marry_v the_o elder_a daughter_n of_o ilia-danilovitz_a miloslausky_a a_o person_n at_o that_o time_n in_o no_o excellent_a condition_n for_o to_o speak_v proper_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o beauty_n of_o his_o daughter_n to_o induce_v the_o tzar_n to_o honour_v he_o with_o so_o great_a a_o relation_n the_o three_o maxim_n by_o which_o their_o policy_n and_o religion_n be_v preserve_v be_v their_o ignorance_n of_o learning_n which_o be_v so_o well_o establish_v in_o this_o country_n that_o they_o never_o learn_v far_o than_o to_o write_v and_o read_v their_o own_o language_n and_o indeed_o experience_n do_v teach_v we_o this_o truth_n that_o sedition_n and_o revolution_n have_v not_o be_v any_o where_o so_o frequent_a as_o in_o commonwealth_n where_o learning_n be_v common_o in_o great_a esteem_n and_o even_o when_o it_o triumph_v most_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v plain_a forasmuch_o as_o ambition_n and_o pride_n march_v always_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o great_a knowledge_n whereas_o ignorance_n as_o be_v evident_a among_o the_o peasant_n and_o common_a people_n every_o where_n render_v they_o more_o supple_a and_o obedient_a and_o this_o valentian_n and_o licinius_n emperor_n of_o rome_n have_v experience_n of_o when_o they_o term_v learn_v the_o plague_n and_o poison_n of_o a_o kingdom_n lycurgus_n be_v not_o far_o from_o this_o opinion_n when_o he_o establish_a ignorance_n in_o his_o republic_n and_o we_o see_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a enemy_n of_o christendom_n triumph_v partly_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o maxim_n over_o all_o the_o monarch_n of_o this_o age._n the_o tzar_n of_o muscovie_n also_o find_v great_a benefit_n by_o this_o policy_n which_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o easy_a 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perfect_a fire_n as_o plato_n they_o leave_v nature_n to_o itself_o and_o think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o know_v who_o be_v its_o author_n to_o discover_v the_o use_n of_o thing_n by_o experience_n and_o to_o give_v god_n thanks_o as_o they_o be_v able_a they_o amuse_n not_o themselves_o to_o make_v syllogism_n after_o the_o model_n of_o barbara_n or_o of_o festino_n to_o dispute_v whether_o logic_n be_v a_o art_n or_o science_n nor_o to_o determine_v sundry_a other_o curious_a and_o impertinent_a question_n which_o though_o of_o no_o use_n but_o to_o molest_v and_o torture_v the_o brain_n be_v yet_o at_o this_o day_n among_o the_o learned_a people_n in_o great_a practice_n and_o use_v upon_o a_o mere_a principle_n of_o curiosity_n ambition_n or_o interest_n in_o stead_n of_o book_n the_o muscovite_n use_v roll_n of_o paper_n as_o the_o jew_n do_v sometime_o they_o glue_v every_o leaf_n together_o by_o the_o end_n with_o a_o certain_a glue_n they_o have_v out_o of_o siberia_n a_o province_n of_o the_o tzar_n which_o they_o moisten_v only_o with_o the_o end_n of_o their_o tongue_n and_o draw_v it_o upon_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o two_o leaf_n they_o be_v to_o join_v they_o put_v the_o edge_n upon_o one_o another_o which_o fasten_v so_o close_o it_o be_v scarce_o perceivable_a where_o they_o be_v join_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o make_v roll_n sometime_o of_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n long_o furthermore_o among_o the_o magistrate_n that_o govern_v muscovie_n in_o their_o council_n of_o state_n there_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n thirty_o nobleman_n or_o boiar_n so_o proper_o call_v which_o the_o tzar_n oblige_v to_o be_v resident_n in_o moscow_n after_o they_o there_o be_v the_o councillor_n the_o ockolnitz_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o privy_a councillor_n ockolnitz_n the_o degree_n the_o dumeny_n duorainy_n signify_v the_o same_o office_n but_o in_o low_a degree_n dumeny_n duorainy_n the_o sin_n boyarsky_n the_o chancellor_n &_o two_o
secretary_n of_o state_n there_o be_v six_o appartement_n in_o the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n the_o first_o be_v design_v for_o foreign_a affair_n the_o second_o for_o military_a the_o three_o for_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o tzar_n the_o four_o for_o receive_v the_o account_n of_o his_o factor_n and_o such_o as_o have_v the_o superintendance_n of_o the_o tavern_n the_o five_o for_o civil_a process_n and_o the_o six_o for_o criminal_n their_o council_n be_v common_o hold_v in_o the_o night_n and_o the_o tzar_n change_v the_o governor_n of_o his_o province_n every_o three_o year_n there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o subtlety_n or_o wrangle_v in_o this_o country_n they_o dispatch_v their_o suit_n in_o a_o short_a time_n according_a to_o the_o plainness_n and_o paucity_n of_o their_o law_n so_o that_o the_o attorney_n and_o solicitor_n be_v there_o of_o as_o little_a use_n and_o concernment_n as_o the_o philosopher_n among_o other_o punishment_n that_o 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the_o person_n that_o condemn_v he_o not_o much_o unlike_o the_o persian_n who_o after_o correction_n return_v and_o give_v their_o king_n thanks_o for_o his_o great_a bounty_n in_o remember_v they_o the_o muscovite_n use_v this_o kind_n of_o chastisement_n in_o their_o private_a family_n also_o especial_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v common_o great_a store_n of_o slave_n who_o without_o respect_n of_o their_o society_n be_v oftentimes_o constrain_v to_o beat_v one_o another_o till_o the_o blood_n follow_v they_o have_v another_o sort_n of_o punishment_n with_o a_o whip_n which_o be_v much_o cruel_a and_o inflict_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o executioner_n when_o the_o correction_n be_v public_a the_o whip_n be_v make_v of_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o elk_n cut_v into_o several_a thong_n which_o pierce_v the_o skin_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o at_o the_o very_a first_o lash_v it_o oftentimes_o leave_v bloody_a impression_n behind_o it_o their_o capital_a punishment_n which_o they_o use_v common_o for_o those_o that_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v scutting_a off_o their_o head_n and_o to_o extort_v evidence_n they_o use_v the_o strappado_n as_o for_o their_o money_n they_o have_v but_o one_o kind_n which_o they_o call_v copeca_n fifty_o of_o which_o make_v a_o crown_n it_o be_v of_o silver_n of_o a_o oval_a figure_n and_o so_o small_a that_o the_o value_n of_o two_o crown_n will_v scarce_o bear_v the_o bulk_n of_o four_o penny_n in_o french_a denier_n that_o which_o they_o call_v muscofske_n be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o copeca_n poluske_n be_v the_o half_a a_o alim_n be_v three_o penny_n a_o grifna_n be_v ten_o a_o rouble_n a_o hundred_o but_o these_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v of_o one_o piece_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n further_o remarkable_a in_o the_o common_a society_n of_o the_o moscovite_n one_o be_v that_o they_o begin_v their_o day_n at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o end_v it_o at_o the_o set_n so_o that_o their_o night_n begin_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v down_o and_o end_n when_o it_o rise_v by_o which_o mean_v they_o confound_v that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o natural_a day_n with_o the_o artificial_a which_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o rise_n to_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o other_o be_v that_o they_o begin_v their_o year_n the_o first_o day_n of_o september_n as_o allow_v no_o other_o epoch_n than_o from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n which_o they_o believe_v be_v in_o autumn_n and_o they_o reckon_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o greek_n five_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o and_o eight_o year_n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o the_o nativity_n of_o our_o saviour_n whereas_o we_o account_v but_o three_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o nine_o so_o that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1663._o when_o we_o arrive_v in_o moscovie_n they_o reckon_v 7175_o year_n from_o the_o creation_n whilst_o we_o account_v but_o 5686._o every_o first_o day_n of_o the_o year_n they_o have_v great_a procession_n in_o their_o considerable_a town_n and_o thus_o far_o we_o have_v give_v you_o the_o policy_n or_o public_a comportment_n of_o the_o moscovite_n in_o the_o world_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v you_o some_o hint_n of_o their_o religion_n the_o religion_n of_o the_o russes_z be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o greek_n they_o follow_v their_o faith_n their_o rite_n and_o their_o ceremony_n the_o principal_a part_n of_o their_o devotion_n after_o they_o be_v baptise_a consist_v in_o the_o invocation_n of_o their_o saint_n for_o every_o family_n have_v its_o saint_n picture_v and_o hang_v up_o against_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chamber_n with_o a_o small_a wax_n candle_n before_o it_o which_o they_o light_v when_o they_o make_v their_o invocation_n their_o church_n also_o be_v all_o adorn_v with_o picture_n very_o ill_o draw_v and_o in_o flat_a paint_n for_o they_o will_v endure_v no_o bâ—_n age_n emboss_v over_o the_o porch_n of_o their_o church_n in_o their_o market_n place_n and_o over_o the_o gate_n of_o their_o city_n they_o have_v always_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n or_o their_o patron_n st._n nicholas_n and_o among_o they_o these_o image_n be_v in_o such_o veneration_n that_o all_o that_o pass_v that_o way_n make_v a_o stand_n for_o a_o while_n before_o they_o till_o they_o have_v make_v reverence_n to_o they_o five_o or_o six_o time_n one_o after_o another_o which_o be_v perform_v by_o cross_v themselves_o with_o three_o finger_n of_o their_o right_a hand_n and_o by_o say_v with_o a_o low_a voice_n gospodi_fw-la pomilui_fw-la which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v god_n have_v mercy_n on_o i_o they_o do_v address_v themselves_o with_o the_o same_o veneration_n and_o prayer_n to_o the_o cross_n they_o meet_v by_o the_o way_n so_o that_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o stop_v themselves_o every_o moment_n and_o these_o profound_a reverence_n to_o their_o image_n and_o the_o sign_v themselves_o with_o the_o cross_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o cry_v gospodi_n pomilui_n be_v almost_o all_o the_o devotion_n the_o parent_n do_v teach_v their_o child_n when_o a_o moscovite_n enter_v into_o another_o man_n house_n he_o first_o look_v about_o for_o the_o saint_n and_o have_v pay_v his_o reverence_n there_o he_o turn_v about_o and_o salute_v the_o family_n when_o they_o buy_v any_o of_o these_o image_n they_o take_v great_a caution_n of_o say_v they_o have_v buy_v they_o but_o choose_v rather_o to_o say_v they_o have_v change_v they_o for_o silver_n when_o they_o grow_v old_a or_o rot_a they_o either_o bury_v they_o with_o some_o ceremony_n or_o throw_v they_o into_o some_o river_n and_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o current_n in_o short_a the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n be_v so_o usual_a among_o they_o that_o they_o be_v perpetual_o at_o it_o and_o do_v make_v it_o the_o ordinary_a preface_n of_o all_o their_o civil_a action_n on_o sunday_n and_o their_o festival_n day_n 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boat-man_n who_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o huddle_n into_o a_o skif_n to_o come_v to_o one_o of_o the_o bark_n and_o fall_v down_o the_o river_n suffer_v their_o boat_n to_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o stream_n with_o that_o violence_n that_o it_o fall_v foul_a upon_o one_o of_o the_o bark_n and_o be_v overturn_v and_o seven_o of_o the_o fifteen_o be_v drown_v the_o rest_n save_v themselves_o by_o swim_v another_o time_n one_o of_o our_o watermen_n fall_v off_o the_o deck_n into_o the_o river_n and_o have_v no_o skill_n in_o swim_v he_o be_v in_o the_o great_a danger_n of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o he_o be_v just_a sink_v a_o boat_n be_v present_o dispatch_v which_o take_v he_o up_o and_o after_o he_o have_v drink_v two_o or_o three_o good_a draught_n of_o strong_a water_n he_o find_v himself_o very_o well_o again_o which_o make_v i_o imagine_v that_o have_v the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n be_v aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la he_o will_v have_v think_v they_o have_v do_v he_o a_o 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these_o ceremony_n and_o the_o slowness_n of_o our_o march_n take_v up_o so_o much_o time_n that_o the_o night_n overtake_v we_o before_o we_o can_v enter_v the_o town_n our_o frequent_a stop_n and_o pawse_n have_v consume_v above_o three_o hour_n in_o go_v of_o about_o two_o mile_n therefore_o because_o the_o sun_n have_v withdraw_v himself_o before_o we_o be_v ready_a to_o appear_v in_o the_o town_n the_o citizen_n have_v make_v great_a fire_n in_o their_o street_n and_o provide_v great_a number_n of_o torch_n to_o render_v every_o thing_n visible_a about_o his_o excellence_n so_o that_o the_o night_n as_o well_o as_o the_o day_n do_v seem_v to_o participate_v in_o the_o glory_n of_o this_o entry_n and_o the_o precious_a stone_n dart_v about_o the_o ray_n of_o their_o refulgency_n make_v the_o clearness_n of_o the_o night_n in_o some_o respect_n more_o majestic_a than_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o day_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o multitude_n of_o people_n wherewith_o the_o street_n 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ceremony_n which_o be_v practise_v in_o that_o court._n in_o pursuance_n of_o which_o design_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o the_o audience_n which_o the_o tzar_n give_v the_o ambassador_n on_o the_o 11._o of_o february_n which_o be_v five_o day_n after_o our_o entry_n the_o 7._o of_o february_n which_o be_v the_o next_o day_n after_o we_o arrive_v at_o moscow_n pronchissof_n and_o the_o other_o pristaf_n offer_v the_o ambassador_n audience_n from_o the_o great_a duke_n on_o the_o nine_o of_o that_o month_n and_o pretend_v it_o as_o a_o singular_a favour_n that_o he_o can_v have_v it_o so_o soon_o nevertheless_o the_o next_o day_n they_o think_v fit_a to_o delay_v he_o two_o day_n long_o in_o which_o time_n his_o excellence_n be_v desirous_a to_o inform_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o court_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v expect_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v uncover_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o tzar_n to_o which_o they_o answer_v that_o the_o tzar_n ambassador_n be_v bare_a before_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o by_o consequence_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v so_o before_o his_o tzarskoy_n maty._n but_o the_o ambassador_n declare_v free_o to_o they_o that_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v command_v he_o to_o be_v so_o and_o for_o that_o reason_n he_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o dispute_v it_o otherwise_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o tzar_n can_v not_o so_o well_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o their_o prince_n be_v but_o his_o slave_n and_o so_o style_v by_o he_o in_o their_o very_a letter_n of_o credence_n after_o this_o he_o demand_v leave_v to_o visit_v the_o