secure_v they_o by_o a_o toleration_n of_o impunity_n who_o will_v not_o secure_v he_o of_o their_o loyalty_n 3._o such_o especial_o if_o their_o number_n be_v considerable_a as_o by_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n think_v all_o war_n unlawful_a as_o be_v contradictory_n to_o the_o charity_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o by_o consequence_n must_v deny_v their_o prince_n any_o personal_a assistance_n in_o his_o war_n though_o he_o and_o his_o kingdom_n be_v in_o the_o utmost_a hazard_n and_o necessity_n for_o if_o subject_n be_v once_o of_o this_o opinion_n that_o they_o will_v not_o fight_v for_o their_o king_n and_o country_n the_o prince_n be_v leave_v to_o be_v inevitable_o ruin_v by_o the_o next_o invader_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o ruin_v that_o prince_n who_o subject_n will_v not_o fight_v for_o his_o preservation_n 4._o such_o who_o although_o they_o allow_v and_o will_v take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n yet_o by_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n acknowledge_v a_o power_n which_o can_v etc._n absolve_v they_o from_o that_o oath_n and_o arm_v they_o against_o their_o prince_n depose_v he_o and_o dispose_v of_o his_o kingdom_n nay_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o prince_n can_v never_o be_v secure_a of_o their_o loyalty_n to_o he_o or_o the_o public_a safety_n against_o they_o this_o the_o papist_n do_v as_o appear_v by_o general_a declara_fw-la council_n of_o their_o own_o and_o the_o most_o authentic_a they_o have_v and_o among_o their_o great_a author_n not_o to_o trouble_v you_o or_o myself_o with_o any_o more_o etc._n bellarmine_n tell_v we_o non_fw-la potest_fw-la papa_n ut_fw-la papa_n ordinary_a principes_fw-la deponere_fw-la …_o tamen_fw-la potest_fw-la mutare_fw-la regna_fw-la &_o vim_o auferre_fw-la &_o alteri_fw-la confer_v tanquam_fw-la summus_fw-la princeps_fw-la spiritualis_fw-la si_fw-la id_fw-la necessarium_fw-la sit_fw-la ad_fw-la animarum_fw-la salutem_fw-la what_o safety_n can_v a_o prince_n have_v who_o have_v such_o people_n for_o his_o subject_n who_o acknowledge_v the_o pope_n to_o be_v summus_n princeps_fw-la above_o all_o king_n parliament_n so_o that_o they_o be_v indeed_o not_o absolute_a or_o supreme_a but_o feudatory_a prince_n and_o that_o so_o far_o above_o they_o that_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o and_o give_v away_o their_o kingdom_n si_fw-la id_fw-la necessarium_fw-la sit_fw-la ad_fw-la animarum_fw-la salutem_fw-la now_o he_o himself_o be_v judge_n of_o this_o necessity_n if_o he_o have_v power_n he_o can_v never_o want_v a_o pretence_n to_o depose_v any_o king_n especial_o if_o he_o be_v a_o protestant_n and_o so_o with_o they_o a_o heretic_n nay_o if_o he_o be_v no_o heretic_n yet_o he_o can_v depose_v he_o for_o much_o less_o fault_n so_o 16._o gratian_n tell_v we_o that_o pope_n zachary_n depose_v the_o king_n of_o france_n non_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la suis_fw-la iniquitatibus_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la tantae_fw-la potestati_fw-la esset_fw-la inutilis_fw-la nor_o be_v this_o a_o singular_a example_n for_o he_o there_o add_v quod_fw-la etiam_fw-la ex_fw-la authoritate_fw-la frequenti_fw-la agit_fw-fr sancta_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la and_o if_o this_o summus_n princeps_fw-la decree_v the_o deposition_n of_o any_o king_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a he_o be_v to_o be_v obey_v so_o pope_n stephen_n tell_v we_o in_o the_o same_o gratian_n 19_o nulli_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la velle_fw-la vel_fw-la posse_fw-la transgredi_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la sedis_fw-la praecepta_fw-la &_o c._n nor_o must_v we_o wonder_v at_o this_o for_o pope_n agatho_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o papal_a sanction_n must_v irrefragable_o be_v obey_v see_v with_o they_o the_o pope_n decretal_n pass_v for_o ibidem_fw-la canonical_a scripture_n and_o that_o in_o the_o strict_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n canonical_a as_o if_o st._n peter_n himself_o have_v write_v they_o sic_fw-la omnes_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la sedis_fw-la sanctiones_fw-la accipiendae_fw-la sunt_fw-la 238._o tanquam_fw-la ipsius_fw-la divini_fw-la petri_n voce_fw-la firmatae_fw-la and_o indeed_o the_o excommunicate_v of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o encourage_v the_o spaniard_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o her_o kingdom_n the_o murder_a of_o great_a navarre_n in_o france_n approve_v by_o the_o pope_n in_o consistory_n and_o the_o powder-plot_n in_o england_n be_v sad_a example_n of_o this_o truth_n too_o evident_a to_o be_v false_a and_o too_o fresh_a to_o be_v forget_v it_o be_v true_a bellarmine_n say_v that_o the_o pope_n can_v dispose_v of_o temporal_a kingdom_n directè_fw-la and_o ordinariè_fw-la but_o only_o indirectè_fw-la in_fw-la ordine_fw-la ad_fw-la spiritualia_fw-la and_o extraordinary_a which_o be_v no_o solution_n but_o a_o plain_a concession_n of_o what_o we_o object_n for_o if_o he_o may_v do_v it_o extraordinariè_fw-fr and_o indirectè_fw-la then_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o may_v do_v it_o in_o their_o opinion_n and_o then_o how_o can_v a_o king_n be_v secure_v against_o the_o rebellion_n of_o such_o subject_n and_o his_o own_o deposition_n that_o one_o side_n of_o the_o distinction_n can_v do_v it_o so_o long_o as_o the_o other_o may_v whether_o it_o be_v do_v directè_fw-la or_o indirectè_fw-la it_o be_v all_o one_o he_o be_v depose_v if_o my_o enemy_n shall_v tell_v i_o he_o can_v not_o run_v i_o through_o with_o the_o one_o end_n of_o his_o sword_n mean_v the_o hilt_n what_o security_n be_v that_o to_o i_o when_o he_o may_v do_v it_o with_o the_o point_n if_o i_o be_o kill_v it_o be_v no_o matter_n which_o end_n of_o the_o sword_n do_v it_o sure_o i_o be_o as_o my_o enemy_n if_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o kill_v i_o will_v make_v use_n of_o the_o point_n of_o his_o sword_n so_o the_o pope_n well_o know_v which_o side_n of_o the_o distinction_n to_o make_v use_n of_o when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o do_v mischief_n i_o do_v not_o speak_v this_o against_o all_o papist_n as_o if_o none_o of_o they_o can_v be_v good_a subject_n for_o i_o both_o believe_v and_o know_v the_o contrary_a but_o 1._o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o the_o jesuit_n and_o those_o who_o believe_v and_o own_v their_o principle_n who_o be_v indeed_o the_o puritan_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n can_v be_v good_a subject_n to_o a_o protestant_a prince_n or_o capable_a of_o a_o toleration_n without_o endanger_n the_o public_a peace_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o commonweal_n 2._o and_o that_o other_o be_v good_a subject_n as_o i_o know_v some_o be_v it_o be_v to_o be_v impute_v more_o to_o their_o piety_n and_o personal_a goodness_n than_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n divers_a of_o which_o as_o might_n easy_o and_o evident_o appear_v be_v no_o good_a disposition_n to_o loyalty_n 2._o and_o as_o no_o king_n in_o prudence_n can_v give_v a_o toleration_n to_o such_o religion_n and_o way_n of_o worship_n as_o be_v destructive_a to_o the_o civil_a state_n and_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n he_o can_v tolerate_v such_o as_o be_v destructive_a of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n or_o peace_n of_o the_o episcopis_fw-la church_n at_o least_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v so_o and_o without_o such_o restriction_n and_o qualification_n as_o may_v rational_o secure_v the_o establish_v way_n of_o worship_n for_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v be_v cruel_a to_o the_o true_a while_o by_o a_o toleration_n he_o be_v kind_a to_o a_o false_a religion_n 3._o if_o any_o religion_n or_o way_n of_o worship_n approve_v and_o practice_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o blasphemy_n theft_n perjury_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n such_o as_o all_o sober_a man_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v crime_n and_o be_v destructive_a or_o evident_o dangerous_a to_o the_o well-being_n of_o humane_a society_n i_o suppose_v no_o prudent_a prince_n shall_v give_v a_o toleration_n to_o such_o sure_o i_o be_o seneca_n tell_v we_o that_o no_o nation_n ever_o do_v grant_v impunity_n to_o such_o impiety_n 345._o in_o hoc_fw-la consensimus_fw-la say_v he_o adversus_fw-la omne_fw-la maleficium_fw-la datur_fw-la actio_fw-la &_o homicidi_fw-la veneficii_fw-la parricidii_fw-la violatarum_fw-la religionum_fw-la aliubi_fw-la &_o aliubi_fw-la diversa_fw-la poena_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la ubique_fw-la aliqua_fw-la but_o here_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o crime_n i_o now_o speak_v of_o to_o which_o i_o will_v have_v no_o impunity_n or_o toleration_n grant_v must_v 1_o be_v such_o as_o be_v clear_o and_o certain_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n so_o that_o all_o sober_a man_n general_o know_v and_o acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v such_o for_o if_o it_o be_v dubious_a whether_o they_o be_v crime_n or_o no_o or_o how_o far_o or_o what_o measure_n of_o malice_n be_v in_o they_o than_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o it_o will_v seem_v irrational_a and_o indeed_o unjust_a to_o inflict_v a_o certain_a punishment_n for_o a_o dubious_a and_o uncertain_a crime_n certa_fw-la culpae_fw-la cognitio_fw-la must_v always_o
christianae_n militi_fw-la ae_z sacramento_n liberè_fw-la obligati_fw-la as_o a_o good_a author_n tell_v i_o to_o be_v christian_n be_v to_o be_v in_o covenant_n with_o christ_n which_o can_v be_v compel_v it_o be_v essential_o consensus_fw-la mutuus_fw-la and_o where_o such_o free_a consent_n be_v want_v there_o be_v no_o covenant_n or_o real_a and_o true_a christianity_n it_o be_v tertullian_n who_o tell_v we_o hoc_fw-la ad_fw-la irreligiositatis_fw-la elogium_fw-la concurrit_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la liceat_fw-la mihi_fw-la colere_fw-la quem_fw-la velim_fw-la sed_fw-la cogar_fw-la credere_fw-la quem_fw-la nolim_fw-la it_o seem_v to_o he_o irreligious_a to_o compel_v religion_n piae_fw-la religionis_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la cogere_fw-la sed_fw-la suadere_fw-la agentes_fw-la say_v athanasius_n and_o again_o dominus_fw-la non_fw-la cogens_fw-la sed_fw-la libertatem_fw-la svam_fw-la voluntati_fw-la permittens_fw-la dicebat_fw-la quidem_fw-la vulgo_fw-la omnibus_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la vult_fw-la venire_fw-la post_fw-la i_o apostolis_n vero_fw-la numquid_fw-la ae_z vos_fw-la abire_fw-la vultis_fw-la cap._n and_o chrysostome_n on_o the_o same_o place_n of_o john_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n interrogat_v a_o &_o ipsi_fw-la velint_fw-la discedere_fw-la quod_fw-la omnem_fw-la est_fw-la amoventis_fw-la vim_o ac_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la it_o be_v a_o excellent_a passage_n in_o hilary_n to_o this_o purpose_n imperatorem_fw-la intelligit_fw-la singularis_fw-la sapientia_fw-la tua_fw-la non_fw-la decere_fw-la non_fw-la oportere_fw-la cogi_fw-la &_o compelli_fw-la in_o vitos_fw-la ac_fw-la repugnantes_fw-la etc._n etc._n idcirco_fw-la laboratis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la quibus_fw-la imperatis_fw-la dulcissimâ_fw-la libertate_fw-la potiantur_fw-la nec_fw-la alia_fw-la ratione_fw-la quae_fw-la turbata_fw-la sunt_fw-la componi_fw-la quae_fw-la divulsa_fw-la sunt_fw-la coerceri_fw-la possunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la unus_fw-la cuique_fw-la nulla_fw-la servitutis_fw-la necessitate_v adstrictus_fw-la integrum_fw-la habeat_fw-la vivendi_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la and_o again_o permittat_fw-la lenias_n tua_fw-la populis_fw-la ut_fw-la quos_fw-la voluerint_fw-la quos_fw-la elegerint_fw-la audiant_fw-la docentes_fw-la &_o divina_fw-la mysteriorum_fw-la solennia_fw-la concelebrent_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o a_o little_a after_o deus_fw-la cognitionem_fw-la svi_fw-la docuit_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la exegit_fw-la coactam_fw-la confitendi_fw-la se_fw-la aspernatus_fw-la est_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la deus_fw-la universitatis_fw-la est_fw-la obsequio_fw-la non_fw-la eget_fw-la necessario_fw-la non_fw-la requirit_fw-la coactam_fw-la confessionem_fw-la non_fw-la fallendus_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la promerendus_fw-la nolit_fw-la nisi_fw-la volentem_fw-la recipere_fw-la nisi_fw-la orantem_fw-la audire_fw-la nisi_fw-la profitentem_fw-la signare_fw-la lactantius_n thus_o 20._o defendenda_fw-la religio_fw-la non_fw-la occidendo_fw-la sed_fw-la moriendo_fw-la non_fw-la saevitiâ_fw-la sed_fw-la patientiâ_fw-la illa_fw-la enim_fw-la malorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la haec_fw-la bonorum_fw-la &_o necesse_fw-la est_fw-la bonum_fw-la in_o religione_fw-la versari_fw-la non_fw-la malum_fw-la nam_fw-la si_fw-la sanguine_fw-la si_fw-la tormentis_fw-la si_fw-la malo_fw-la religionem_fw-la defendere_fw-la velis_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la defendetur_fw-la illa_fw-la sed_fw-la polluetur_fw-la &_o violabitur_fw-la nihil_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la tam_fw-la voluntarium_fw-la quam_fw-la religio_fw-la and_o the_o same_o lactantius_n elsewhere_o non_fw-la expetimus_fw-la ut_fw-la deum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la velit_fw-la nolit_fw-la 14._o colat_fw-la aliquis_fw-la invitus_fw-la nec_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la coluerit_fw-la irascimur_fw-la quis_fw-la imponit_fw-la mihi_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la vel_fw-la colendi_fw-la quod_fw-la nolim_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la velim_fw-la non_fw-la colendi_fw-la st._n augustine_n be_v at_o first_o against_o all_o persecution_n for_o religion_n and_o will_v not_o have_v the_o emperor_n solicit_v to_o punish_v the_o donatist_n with_o secular_a and_o temporal_a punishment_n at_o last_o as_o frob._n he_o confess_v he_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n yet_o even_o then_o he_o be_v against_o punish_v any_o even_o the_o worst_a heretic_n with_o death_n ita_fw-la enim_fw-la lex_fw-la fuerat_fw-la promulgata_fw-la b_o say_v he_o ut_fw-la tantae_fw-la immanitatis_fw-la haeresis_fw-la donatistarum_fw-la cui_fw-la crudelius_fw-la parci_fw-la videbatur_fw-la quam_fw-la ipsa_fw-la saeviebat_fw-la non_fw-la tantum_fw-la violenta_fw-la esse_fw-la sed_fw-la omnino_fw-la non_fw-la fineretur_fw-la esse_fw-la impunè_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la supplicio_fw-la capitali_fw-la propter_fw-la servandam_fw-la etiam_fw-la circa_fw-la indignos_fw-la mansuetudinem_fw-la christianam_fw-la sed_fw-la pecuniariis_fw-la damnis_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v in_o lat._n eusebius_n a_o edict_n of_o constantine_n and_o licinius_n which_o give_v a_o toleration_n to_o all_o religion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n ut_fw-la tum_fw-la christianis_fw-la tum_fw-la aliis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la liberam_fw-la optionem_fw-la omnino_fw-la daremus_fw-la eam_fw-la religionem_fw-la sequendi_fw-la quam_fw-la ipsi_fw-la in_o animos_fw-la inducerent_fw-la and_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n consilio_fw-la rectissimo_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la ut_fw-la nemini_fw-la prorsus_fw-la libertas_fw-la negetur_fw-la christianorum_fw-la cultum_fw-la imitandi_fw-la &_o cuique_fw-la detur_fw-la copia_fw-la svam_fw-la mentem_fw-la ei_fw-la religioni_fw-la addicendi_fw-la quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la sibi_fw-la maximè_fw-la convehire_n censuerit_fw-la and_o he_o give_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o indulgence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la temporum_fw-la tranquillitati_fw-la &_o quieti_fw-la revera_fw-la accommodatum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la cuique_fw-la facultatem_fw-la habeat_fw-la deligendi_fw-la eam_fw-la in_o deo_fw-la colendo_fw-la rationem_fw-la quae_fw-la sibi_fw-la maximè_fw-la placuerit_fw-la hocque_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la factum_fw-la ut_fw-la nullius_fw-la religionis_fw-la authoritas_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la ulla_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la imminui_fw-la videatur_fw-la afterward_o such_o toleration_n be_v not_o grant_v but_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o imperial_a law_n sometime_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o expendat_fw-la constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o fierceness_n and_o importunity_n of_o the_o bishop_n but_o enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o this_o and_o therefore_o manum_fw-la de_fw-la tabula_fw-la he_o that_o desire_v more_o either_o say_n of_o father_n or_o imperial_a edict_n or_o constitution_n of_o particular_a church_n and_o nation_n concern_v persecution_n or_o toleration_n of_o several_a religion_n may_v have_v they_o collect_v to_o his_o hand_n by_o many_o etc._n author_n qui_fw-la plura_fw-la vellet_fw-la illos_fw-la videat_fw-la quer._n 1._o whether_o he_o that_o will_v give_v a_o toleration_n to_o several_a religion_n shall_v not_o in_o prudence_n and_o conscience_n first_o know_v what_o these_o religion_n be_v what_o point_v they_o hold_v different_a from_o that_o establish_v that_o so_o he_o may_v know_o judge_v how_o far_o he_o may_v or_o may_v not_o grant_v impunity_n for_o if_o he_o tolerate_v a_o religion_n before_o he_o know_v it_o he_o tolerate_v he_o know_v not_o what_o which_o can_v be_v a_o act_n of_o prudence_n in_o any_o magistrate_n see_v in_o this_o case_n he_o grant_v a_o toleration_n to_o that_o religion_n which_o for_o aught_o he_o know_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o tolerate_v quer._n 2._o whether_o he_o that_o do_v and_o just_o may_v tolerate_v a_o religion_n different_a from_o that_o legal_o establish_v and_o so_o compel_v none_o to_o be_v of_o his_o religion_n may_v not_o yet_o compel_v his_o subject_n to_o those_o media_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o by_o which_o may_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o reason_n and_o truth_n of_o his_o religion_n as_o for_o instance_n whether_o our_o king_n though_o he_o shall_v grant_v a_o toleration_n to_o papist_n and_o so_o no_o way_n compel_v they_o to_o be_v protestant_n may_v not_o compel_v they_o to_o come_v to_o sermon_n and_o hear_v disputation_n by_o which_o they_o may_v be_v inform_v of_o those_o truth_n we_o hold_v and_o the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o they_o as_o parent_n compel_v their_o child_n to_o go_v to_o school_n for_o information_n though_o they_o shall_v not_o can_v compel_v they_o to_o a_o assent_n and_o belief_n of_o what_o they_o be_v teach_v see_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o scripture_n we_o and_o all_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o try_v all_o thing_n and_o hold_v fast_o that_o which_o be_v good_a and_o so_o may_v by_o our_o lawful_a governor_n be_v compel_v to_o a_o examination_n and_o rational_a trial_n of_o several_a religion_n though_o not_o to_o the_o belief_n of_o any_o now_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n in_o this_o 1._o it_o be_v evident_a and_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v every_o man_n duty_n to_o make_v such_o trial_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o several_a religion_n that_o so_o he_o may_v be_v of_o the_o best_a religion_n by_o choice_n and_o not_o only_o by_o chance_n 2._o it_o be_v as_o evident_a that_o the_o end_n of_o magistracy_n be_v to_o bring_v all_o man_n under_o their_o jurisdiction_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n either_o by_o suasory_n allurement_n or_o if_o that_o will_v not_o do_v by_o compulsory_a punishment_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n he_o may_v compel_v they_o to_o such_o trial_n of_o the_o truth_n 2._o but_o after_o such_o trial_n make_v by_o hear_v sermon_n and_o disputation_n the_o magistrate_n can_v tell_v certain_o when_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n of_o several_a religion_n to_o believe_v this_o or_o that_o in_o particular_a
in_o justice_n be_v antecedent_n to_o the_o inflictio_fw-la poenae_fw-la if_o i_o hang_v a_o man_n i_o be_o sure_a he_o have_v per_fw-la modum_fw-la paenae_fw-la lose_v his_o life_n and_o therefore_o per_fw-la modum_fw-la culpae_fw-la i_o shall_v be_v sure_a of_o the_o crime_n for_o which_o i_o hang_v he_o see_v it_o can_v be_v just_a to_o inflict_v certain_a death_n for_o a_o uncertain_a crime_n 2._o they_o must_v not_o only_o be_v confess_v crime_n to_o which_o i_o now_o deny_v toleration_n but_o also_o such_o as_o be_v dangerous_a and_o noxious_a to_o humane_a society_n for_o as_o 47._o lipsus_n on_o that_o place_n of_o seneca_n well_o observe_v naturae_fw-la quodam_fw-la instinctu_fw-la ea_fw-la maleficia_fw-la coercent_fw-la homines_fw-la &_o puniunt_fw-la quae_fw-la societatem_fw-la convellunt_fw-la for_o there_o be_v many_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n as_o ingratitude_n lie_v breach_n of_o promise_n etc._n etc._n which_o yet_o in_o almost_o all_o nation_n have_v have_v a_o toleration_n and_o impunity_n and_o have_v be_v leave_v odio_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o vindictae_fw-la deorum_fw-la so_o seneca_n in_o the_o same_o place_n speak_v of_o ingratitude…_n exceptâ_fw-la macedonum_fw-la gente_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la in_o ullâ_fw-la data_fw-la adversus_fw-la ingratum_fw-la actio_fw-la magnumque_fw-la hoc_fw-la argumentum_fw-la dandum_fw-la non_fw-la fuisse_fw-la hoc_fw-la frequentissimum_fw-la crimen_fw-la nusquam_fw-la punitur_fw-la ubique_fw-la improbatur_fw-la neque_fw-la tamen_fw-la absolvimus_fw-la ingratum_fw-la sed_fw-la cum_fw-la difficilis_fw-la esset_fw-la incertae_fw-la rei_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la tantum_fw-la odio_fw-la hominum_fw-la damnavimus_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la ea_fw-la relinquimus_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la vindices_fw-la deos_fw-la remittimus_fw-la where_o you_o see_v the_o reason_n why_o ingratitude_n though_o certain_o a_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o punish_v but_o tolerated…_n quia_fw-la difficilis_fw-la erat_fw-la incertae_fw-la rei_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la it_o be_v very_o hard_o to_o know_v when_o a_o man_n be_v ingrateful_a and_o the_o measure_n of_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o therefore_o hard_a to_o punish_v it_o all_o just_a punishment_n consist_v in_o a_o proportion_n between_o the_o sin_n and_o the_o suffering_n of_o the_o person_n punish_v which_o can_v possible_o be_v know_v unless_o the_o nature_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o crime_n be_v first_o know_v it_o be_v true_a in_o thesi_fw-la that_o all_o know_v and_o confess_v ingratitude_n be_v a_o great_a crime_n but_o in_o hypothesi_fw-la whether_o titius_n be_v ingrateful_a to_o sempronius_n and_o how_o far_o it_o be_v hard_a if_o not_o impossible_a to_o know_v see_v that_o can_v be_v know_v unless_o all_o the_o courtesy_n and_o injury_n which_o each_o have_v do_v to_o other_o mutual_o can_v certain_o be_v as_o indeed_o they_o can_v be_v comprehend_v by_o the_o way_n when_o seneca_n say_v that_o in_o nullâ_fw-la excepta_fw-la macedonum_fw-la gente_fw-la adversus_fw-la ingratum_fw-la dabatur_fw-la actio_fw-la and_o so_o not_o in_o rome_n he_o speak_v this_o of_o his_o own_o time_n for_o afterward_o ingratitude_n by_o the_o maxima_fw-la roman_a law_n be_v high_o punish_v even_o with_o maxima_fw-la capitis_fw-la diminutio_fw-la by_o which_o the_o ingrateful_a person_n &_o civitatem_fw-la &_o libertatem_fw-la amisit_fw-la 4._o upon_o these_o ground_n some_o sect_n among_o we_o can_v have_v little_a reason_n to_o expect_v and_o the_o magistrate_n as_o little_a to_o grant_v a_o toleration_n or_o impunity_n as_o 1._o adamite_n such_o there_o be_v who_o hold_v a_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o woman_n 2._o quaker_n who_o give_v no_o civil_a respect_n to_o any_o no_o not_o the_o magistrate_n but_o curse_n and_o rail_v and_o damn_v all_o but_o their_o own_o disciple_n these_o crime_n be_v evident_o against_o nature_n and_o inconsistent_a with_o humane_a much_o more_o with_o christian_a society_n be_v not_o to_o be_v tolerate_v but_o severe_o punish_v it_o be_v vain_a to_o reason_n or_o dispute_v with_o such_o man_n who_o have_v cast_v off_o all_o civility_n and_o even_o humanity_n itself_o argumentum_fw-la baculinum_fw-la be_v the_o fit_a mean_n if_o not_o to_o convert_v yet_o to_o keep_v they_o within_o some_o bound_n of_o reason_n and_o civility_n that_o they_o may_v not_o make_v other_o worse_a if_o they_o will_v not_o be_v better_a themselves_o 5._o these_o thing_n consider_v which_o relate_v to_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o the_o action_n of_o person_n profess_v a_o false_a religion_n we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o main_a query_n concern_v matter_n of_o faith_n and_o false_a opinion_n query_n whether_o man_n of_o a_o false_a faith_n and_o heretical_a opinion_n may_v be_v tolerate_v and_o have_v a_o grant_n of_o impunity_n or_o whether_o the_o magistrate_n be_v to_o punish_v such_o err_a person_n suppose_v sectary_n papist_n socinian_o etc._n etc._n and_o then_o how_o far_o how_o long_o with_o what_o punishment_n and_o what_o measure_n and_o degree_n of_o they_o he_o be_v to_o do_v it_o for_o instance_n whether_o he_o may_v punish_v they_o 1._o in_o their_o purse_n only_o by_o pecuniary_a mulct_n take_v away_o some_o part_n or_o all_o their_o livelihood_n 2._o or_o in_o their_o person_n too_o take_v away_o either_o 1._o their_o liberty_n by_o imprisonment_n 2._o or_o their_o city_n the_o jus_o civitatis_fw-la by_o banishment_n 3._o or_o their_o life_n by_o capital_a punishment_n as_o the_o donatist_n and_o circumcellian_n of_o old_a and_o they_o of_o rome_n of_o late_a use_v those_o who_o common_o they_o miscall_v heretic_n consume_v those_o to_o ash_n who_o they_o can_v confute_v otherwise_o than_o with_o fire_n and_o faggot_n a_o way_n not_o only_o incongruous_a but_o impious_a and_o barbarous_a whereby_o they_o may_v make_v man_n coal_n and_o cinder_n but_o not_o christian_n i_o say_v the_o query_n be_v suppose_v those_o of_o the_o religion_n differ_v from_o that_o establish_a to_o be_v otherwise_o peaceable_a and_o good_a subject_n neither_o rebellious_o or_o seditious_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n nor_o injurious_o wrong_v their_o neighbour_n for_o in_o these_o case_n it_o be_v irrational_a for_o they_o to_o expect_v or_o the_o magistrate_n to_o grant_v impunity_n whether_o the_o magistrate_n may_v just_o grant_v they_o a_o toleration_n of_o their_o opinion_n and_o religion_n though_o at_o least_o suppose_a false_a or_o compel_v they_o by_o punishment_n to_o the_o establish_v way_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v suppose_v true_a and_o orthodox_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o answer_n though_o i_o shall_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a for_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n in_o this_o case_n to_o use_v temporal_a and_o compulsory_a punishment_n yet_o thus_o much_o give_v my_o reason_n for_o it_o i_o think_v i_o may_v safe_o and_o true_o say_v that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a for_o he_o to_o do_v it_o my_o reason_n be_v 1._o because_o we_o find_v no_o warrant_n for_o it_o in_o the_o gospel_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o precept_n or_o practice_n of_o our_o saviour_n or_o his_o apostle_n to_o compel_v any_o to_o be_v christian_n the_o mean_v they_o use_v either_o to_o convert_v pagan_n or_o continue_v and_o confirm_v christian_n be_v constant_a preach_v and_o a_o rational_a press_v that_o truth_n to_o other_o which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n and_o believe_v themselves_o a_o prudent_a and_o meek_a dispute_v and_o reason_v man_n out_o of_o their_o error_n a_o pious_a life_n and_o patient_a suffering_n for_o the_o truth_n they_o preach_v verbo_fw-la &_o exemplo_fw-la agebant_fw-la non_fw-la gladio_fw-la it_o be_v their_o christian_a patience_n not_o any_o coactive_a violence_n which_o convert_v the_o world_n it_o be_v die_v themselves_o not_o kill_a other_o which_o plant_v and_o propagate_v the_o gospel_n sanguis_fw-la martyrum_fw-la semen_fw-mi ecclesiae_fw-la it_o be_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o martyr_n not_o of_o murder_a heretic_n which_o make_v the_o field_n of_o the_o church_n so_o fruitful_a and_o by_o what_o authority_n we_o shall_v do_v that_o now_o which_o they_o think_v not_o fit_a to_o do_v then_o i_o know_v not_o certain_o as_o they_o best_o know_v what_o mean_n be_v most_o proportionable_a and_o congruous_a both_o for_o the_o plantation_n and_o propagation_n of_o the_o gospel_n so_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o those_o medium_n they_o make_v use_v of_o be_v such_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o may_v rational_o conclude_v that_o have_v there_o be_v any_o other_o mean_v as_o congruous_a and_o conducible_a to_o the_o end_n they_o aim_v at_o as_o those_o they_o use_v they_o will_v not_o have_v omit_v they_o see_v then_o neither_o christ_n nor_o his_o apostle_n ever_o command_v or_o by_o their_o example_n or_o practice_n commend_v violence_n or_o any_o coactive_a mean_n to_o make_v or_o confirm_v christian_n we_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o believe_v that_o they_o conceive_v such_o mean_n not_o congruous_a and_o if_o so_o why_o shall_v any_o think_v otherwise_o object_n it_o be_v
herculeas_fw-la ultra_fw-la quem_fw-la jactat_fw-la rauca_fw-la columnas_fw-la famasnec_fw-la officio_fw-la par_fw-fr lamen_fw-la illa_fw-la svo_fw-la en_fw-fr libi_fw-la barloum_fw-la potuit_fw-la quae_fw-la sculptor_n at_o ipsa_fw-la arte_fw-la licet_fw-la claram_fw-la vincit_fw-la ut_fw-la umbra_fw-la manum_fw-la ora_fw-la venusta_fw-la vides_fw-la et_fw-la nobilis_fw-la atria_fw-la mentis_fw-la quod_fw-la nitet_fw-la interius_fw-la nulla_fw-la tabella_fw-la dabit_fw-la the_o tully_n 〈◊〉_d several_a miscellaneous_n and_o weighty_a case_n of_o conscience_n learned_o and_o judicious_o resolve_v by_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n dr._n thomas_n barlow_n late_a lord-bishop_n of_o lincoln_n viz._n i._o of_o toleration_n of_o protestant_a dissenter_n ii_o the_o king_n power_n to_o pardon_v murder_n iii_o objection_n from_o gen._n 9_o 6._o answer_v iu_o mr._n cottington_n case_n of_o divorce_n with_o the_o judgement_n of_o dr._n allestrey_n dr._n hall_n sir_n richard_n lloyd_n sir_n richard_n raines_n dr._n oldys_n and_o the_o doctor_n of_o sorbonne_n upon_o the_o same_o v._o for_o toleration_n of_o the_o jew_n vi_o about_o set_v up_o image_n in_o church_n vii_o an_fw-mi dominium_fw-la fundatur_fw-la in_o gratiâ_fw-la with_o two_o page_n omit_v in_o the_o english_a machiavelli_n and_o his_o lordship_n censure_n thereupon_o london_n print_v and_o sell_v by_o mrs._n davis_n in_o amen-corner_n 1692._o the_o bookseller_n preface_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o reader_n may_v be_v please_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o follow_a tract_n be_v write_v by_o the_o late_a eminent_a and_o learned_a father_n of_o our_o church_n dr._n thomas_n barlow_n lord-bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o print_v from_o mss._n write_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o occasion_n these_o i._o the_o case_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o toleration_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v write_v at_o the_o request_n of_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o the_o late_a troublesome_a time_n when_o the_o jew_n make_v application_n to_o cromwell_n for_o their_o readmission_n into_o england_n ii_o the_o case_n of_o toleration_n of_o christian_a dissenter_n be_v write_v to_o and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o honourable_a and_o learned_a mr._n robert_n boyle_n 1660._o soon_o after_o the_o restoration_n of_o k._n charles_n ii_o iii_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n k._n charles_n ii_o to_o reprieve_n or_o pardon_v a_o person_n convict_v and_o legal_o condemn_v for_o murder_n write_v upon_o occasion_n of_o mr._n john_n being_n unfortunate_o convict_v for_o the_o unhappy_a death_n of_o sir_n william_n estcourt_n bar._n iv._o the_o case_n of_o murder_n in_o answer_n to_o a_o objection_n then_o make_v from_o gen._n 9_o 6._o that_o king_n have_v not_o power_n to_o pardon_v murder_n v._o mr._n cottington_n case_n concern_v the_o validity_n or_o nullity_n of_o his_o marriage_n with_o gallina_n her_o former_a husband_n then_o live_a 1671._o mr._n cottington_n apply_v himself_o and_o mr._n brent_n come_v from_o the_o then_o earl_n of_o danby_n to_o request_v his_o lordship_n opinion_n therein_o with_o a_o further_a resolution_n of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o the_o judgement_n of_o dr._n allestrey_n dr._n hall_n now_o lord-bishop_n of_o bristol_n sir_n richard_n lloyd_n sir_n richard_n raines_n dr._n william_n oldys_n and_o the_o doctor_n of_o sorbonne_n at_o paris_n in_o point_n of_o law_n and_o conscience_n upon_o the_o same_o vi_o a_o breviate_v of_o the_o case_n concern_v set_v up_o image_n in_o the_o parish-church_n of_o moulton_n in_o the_o diocese_n and_o county_n of_o lincoln_n 168_o ¼_n write_v upon_o occasion_n of_o this_o learned_a bishop_n be_v cite_v before_o the_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n for_o suffer_v such_o image_n to_o be_v deface_v etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o read_v of_o which_o case_n so_o true_o and_o evident_o state_v the_o whole_a prosecution_n which_o be_v then_o violent_o and_o virulent_o enough_o carry_v on_o against_o he_o be_v stop_v vii_o whether_o that_o dominion_n be_v found_v on_o grace_n be_v a_o tenet_n chargeable_a on_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n viii_o one_o folio_n leaf_n omit_v out_o of_o machiavelli_n in_o english_a with_o the_o bishop_n censure_n thereupon_o the_o reader_n may_v please_v to_o observe_v in_o mr._n cottington_n case_n the_o counsel_n use_v the_o name_n of_o frichinono_n for_o the_o husband_n of_o gallina_n which_o be_v his_o proper_a name_n but_o the_o bishop_n that_o of_o patrimoniale_a which_o be_v the_o title_n of_o his_o public_a office_n and_o by_o which_o latter_a he_o be_v frequent_o know_v and_o call_v by_o at_o turin_n the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n it_o be_v never_o so_o full_o state_v before_o davila_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o five_o book_n 3._o that_o hen._n 4._o be_v marry_v to_o q._n margaret_n at_o notre dame_n by_o the_o cardinal_n of_o bourbon_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n and_o she_o be_v give_v in_o 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leave_n to_o print_v they_o yet_o they_o fear_v some_o of_o they_o may_v prejudice_v his_o further_a promotion_n in_o the_o church_n in_o those_o day_n forbear_v publication_n of_o they_o though_o we_o must_v do_v his_o lordship_n this_o right_n to_o aver_v that_o he_o have_v no_o regard_n to_o that_o so_o careless_a be_v he_o of_o the_o event_n of_o any_o action_n he_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o do_v religionis_fw-la causâ_fw-la that_o he_o have_v be_v often_o hear_v to_o say_v occasional_o as_o a_o kind_n of_o principle_n viz._n he_o who_o think_v to_o save_v any_o thing_n by_o his_o religion_n but_o his_o soul_n will_v be_v a_o loser_n in_o the_o end_n and_o his_o lordship_n live_v to_o see_v the_o church_n of_o england_n of_o his_o opinion_n in_o be_v indulgent_a to_o dissenter_n for_o in_o that_o incomparable_a letter_n to_o a_o dissenter_n write_v by_o the_o best_a and_o noble_a pen_n of_o our_o age_n hallifax_n and_o upon_o the_o measure_n of_o that_o church_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n james_n ii_o the_o dissenter_n be_v tell_v in_o express_a word_n that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v convince_v of_o its_o error_n in_o be_v severe_a to_o they_o the_o case_n of_o a_o toleration_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n to_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n sir_n it_o be_v now_o a_o good_a while_n ago_o since_o you_o give_v i_o command_v for_o so_o your_o desire_n be_v and_o shall_v be_v to_o i_o to_o give_v you_o my_o opinion_n in_o writing_n concern_v the_o toleration_n of_o several_a religion_n or_o opinion_n in_o a_o well-governed_a church_n and_o state_n and_o though_o it_o matter_n not_o much_o what_o my_o opinion_n be_v and_o beside_o my_o many_o disability_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n the_o little_a time_n i_o have_v by_o read_v or_o meditation_n to_o collect_v more_o or_o digest_v those_o notion_n i_o have_v render_v i_o uncapable_a of_o say_v much_o or_o indeed_o any_o thing_n which_o you_o do_v not_o know_v already_o yet_o in_o obedience_n to_o your_o command_n something_a i_o shall_v say_v for_o cur_n i_o posse_fw-la negem_fw-la quod_fw-la tu_fw-la posse_fw-la pute_fw-la which_o may_v be_v a_o argument_n of_o my_o confide_n in_o your_o candour_n and_o goodness_n and_o of_o my_o dare_a to_o trust_v you_o with_o all_o my_o infirmity_n and_o a_o evidence_n not_o of_o my_o ability_n but_o willingness_n to_o serve_v you_o in_o short_a then_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o some_o of_o my_o thought_n concern_v toleration_n though_o not_o in_o that_o exact_a order_n and_o method_n not_o with_o that_o clear_a explication_n and_o confirmation_n of_o the_o truth_n as_o i_o real_o desire_v and_o the_o subject_n deserve_v i_o say_v then_o i._o the_o toleration_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v a_o toleration_n of_o several_a religion_n or_o several_a opinion_n concern_v it_o and_o therefore_o atheist_n if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o come_v not_o under_o it_o for_o he_o who_o acknowledge_v no_o god_n can_v possible_o be_v of_o any_o religion_n which_o essential_o
include_v both_o a_o acknowledgement_n and_o worship_n of_o a_o deity_n ii_o toleration_n of_o religion_n presuppose_v several_a religion_n or_o different_a opinion_n respectu_fw-la doctrinae_fw-la disciplinae_fw-la or_o both_o for_o without_o such_o disserent_fw-la religion_n can_v be_v different_a iii_o now_o among_o several_a religion_n in_o any_o nation_n all_o can_v be_v true_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o jamblichus_n tell_v we_o true_o truth_n be_v one_o and_o can_v differ_v from_o itself_o and_o that_o which_o be_v own_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o just_a authority_n of_o any_o nation_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o true_a religion_n it_o follow_v that_o toleration_n must_v necessary_o relate_v to_o those_o religion_n and_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v at_o least_o suppose_a false_a as_o be_v different_a from_o that_o which_o the_o nation_n that_o tolerate_v they_o own_v and_o establish_v as_o true_a i_o say_v suppose_v to_o be_v false_a for_o it_o may_v and_o 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though_o they_o conform_v not_o to_o the_o way_n of_o worship_n public_o establish_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o can_v reasonable_o expect_v the_o 493_o reward_n and_o encouragement_n which_o a_o prince_n distribute_v to_o those_o who_o cheerful_o obey_v and_o give_v conformity_n to_o the_o religion_n establish_v for_o as_o reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v the_o sepimenta_fw-la legis_fw-la the_o great_a mound_n and_o hedge_n to_o keep_v man_n to_o their_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o any_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n hope_v of_o reward_n encourage_v man_n to_o obedience_n and_o fear_v of_o punishment_n fright_v they_o from_o disobedience_n so_o they_o go_v together_o and_o be_v inseparable_a and_o belong_v only_o to_o those_o who_o be_v under_o the_o obligation_n of_o such_o law_n so_o that_o he_o to_o who_o the_o law_n be_v not_o give_v and_o to_o these_o who_o have_v a_o toleration_n it_o be_v not_o as_o he_o need_v not_o fear_v punishment_n for_o nonconformity_n the_o law_n not_o oblige_v he_o to_o it_o so_o he_o can_v expect_v or_o hope_v for_o those_o reward_n which_o be_v the_o encouragement_n of_o that_o obedience_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o give_v those_o then_o who_o be_v under_o the_o obligation_n of_o such_o law_n be_v in_o one_o respect_n in_o a_o better_a condition_n because_o they_o may_v just_o expect_v from_o their_o prince_n reward_n and_o encouragement_n proportionable_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o obedience_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o who_o have_v the_o toleration_n be_v in_o another_o respect_n in_o a_o better_a condition_n because_o they_o need_v not_o fear_v any_o punishment_n for_o their_o nonconformity_n 7._o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o it_o be_v a_o toleration_n we_o speak_v of_o not_o a_o approbation_n of_o those_o religion_n or_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o religion_n establish_v in_o a_o nation_n for_o the_o establish_v religion_n be_v always_o suppose_v to_o be_v true_a and_o as_o such_o own_a by_o the_o authority_n establish_v it_o the_o way_n of_o worship_n tolerate_v only_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v suppose_v at_o least_o to_o be_v false_a and_o so_o can_v be_v approve_v by_o that_o authority_n which_o for_o just_a reason_n do_v and_o may_v tolerate_v they_o for_o such_o a_o approbation_n of_o the_o false_a will_v be_v a_o condemnation_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n and_o so_o if_o they_o approve_v what_o they_o tolerate_v they_o condemn_v what_o they_o establish_v which_o be_v such_o a_o contradictory_n piece_n of_o indiscretion_n and_o injustice_n as_o hardly_o any_o authority_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o viii_o this_o premise_a the_o grand_a query_n will_v be_v whether_o query_n and_o how_o far_o the_o supreme_a power_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o grant_v such_o a_o toleration_n to_o religion_n and_o way_n of_o worship_n differ_v from_o that_o establish_v now_o see_v the_o grant_n of_o such_o a_o toleration_n as_o almost_o all_o other_o humane_a action_n may_v be_v good_a or_o bad_a answer_n according_a to_o the_o various_a circumstance_n and_o several_a condition_n 1._o of_o the_o power_n that_o grant_v 2._o of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o grant_n be_v make_v 3._o of_o the_o religion_n tolerate_v 4._o and_o of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o such_o toleration_n be_v grant_v it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o i_o or_o any_o body_n else_o shall_v give_v one_o absolute_a and_o categorical_a answer_n to_o the_o intite_n query_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v crave_v leave_n to_o say_v something_o towards_o a_o answer_n by_o several_a step_n and_o degree_n in_o these_o follow_a position_n 1._o then_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v who_o they_o be_v who_o desire_v such_o a_o toleration_n their_o number_n and_o quality_n at_o home_n and_o what_o friend_n and_o assistant_n they_o may_v have_v abroad_o for_o if_o the_o person_n desire_v such_o toleration_n be_v so_o considerable_a for_o number_n and_o strength_n at_o home_n or_o for_o their_o assistance_n abroad_o that_o a_o war_n or_o dangerous_a insurrection_n and_o sedition_n may_v follow_v if_o a_o toleration_n be_v deny_v to_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o common-weal_n then_o i_o think_v the_o magistrate_n in_o prudence_n and_o conscience_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o grant_v their_o desire_n and_o rather_o tolerate_v a_o false_a religion_n with_o such_o prudent_a qualification_n and_o for_o such_o time_n as_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o than_o hazard_v the_o unsettlement_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o true_a for_o as_o in_o the_o body_n natural_a we_o endure_v a_o gangren_a member_n with_o much_o pain_n and_o patience_n though_o without_o hope_n of_o cure_n when_o it_o can_v be_v cut_v off_o without_o endanger_v the_o whole_a so_o in_o the_o body_n politic_a or_o ecclesiastical_a a_o err_a part_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v endure_v and_o tolerate_v when_o the_o cut_n off_o will_v hazard_v the_o weal_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o indeed_o such_o a_o toleration_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v rather_o necessary_a than_o voluntary_a in_o the_o magistrate_n only_o he_o in_o this_o case_n make_v a_o virtue_n of_o necessity_n give_v that_o by_o way_n of_o favour_n and_o kindness_n free_o which_o probable_o they_o may_v have_v by_o force_n thus_o he_o secure_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o the_o religion_n establish_v oblige_v the_o dissenter_n by_o the_o civility_n and_o courtesy_n of_o a_o moderate_a toleration_n and_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v indeed_o but_o grant_v impunity_n when_o he_o can_v punish_v and_o this_o be_v most_o consonant_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o right_a reason_n and_o the_o perpetual_a practice_n of_o all_o nation_n for_o quod_fw-la multis_fw-la peccatur_fw-la inultum_fw-la est_fw-la when_o sedition_n have_v happen_v in_o a_o common-weal_n or_o mutiny_n in_o a_o army_n if_o the_o seditious_a and_o mutineer_n be_v many_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v think_v more_o prudent_a to_o pardon_v than_o punish_v
not_o in_o some_o case_n reprieve_n or_o pardon_v some_o who_o they_o have_v condemn_v sure_o i_o be_o that_o david_n the_o best_a of_o king_n who_o know_v the_o jewish_a law_n as_o well_o as_o any_o do_v reprieve_n joab_n who_o have_v murder_v amasa_n and_o abner_n 6._o and_o delay_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o solomon_n his_o son_n who_o do_v according_o put_v joab_n to_o death_n 30._o 2._o and_o as_o david_n reprive_v joab_n so_o he_o pardon_v absalon_n 33._o who_o have_v slay_v his_o brother_n amnon_n nor_o do_v the_o scripture_n any_o where_o impute_v the_o reprieve_n of_o joab_n or_o the_o pardon_n of_o absalon_n to_o david_n as_o crime_n or_o transgression_n of_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n but_o rather_o declare_v he_o innocent_a when_o it_o be_v expressy_a say_v that_o david_n do_v that_o which_o be_v right_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o lord_n 5._o and_o turn_v not_o aside_o from_o any_o thing_n that_o he_o command_v he_o all_z the_o day_n of_o his_o life_n save_v only_a in_o the_o matter_n of_o uriah_n the_o hittite_n now_o if_o notwithstanding_o those_o moysaicall_a penal_a law_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o david_n the_o supreme_a power_n among_o the_o jew_n to_o who_o those_o penal_a law_n be_v give_v and_o they_o bind_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o i_o say_v if_o david_n may_v lawful_o reprieve_n and_o pardon_v murderer_n how_o can_v it_o by_o those_o very_a law_n be_v unlawful_a for_o the_o christian_a supreme_a power_n and_o gentiles_n to_o who_o those_o law_n be_v never_o give_v nor_o they_o ever_o under_o the_o obligation_n of_o they_o to_o reprieve_v or_o pardon_v such_o condemn_a malefactor_n in_o short_a the_o sum_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v and_o believe_v to_o be_v true_a be_v this_o 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n which_o do_v prohibit_v and_o so_o make_v it_o unlawful_a for_o supreme_a prince_n to_o grant_v such_o reprive_v and_o pardon_n 2._o that_o the_o end_n of_o all_o penal_a law_n and_o of_o their_o due_a execution_n be_v that_o the_o honour_n of_o our_o great_a and_o most_o gracious_a god_n and_o his_o true_a worship_n and_o religion_n be_v preserve_v and_o ne_o quid_fw-la detrimenti_fw-la capiat_fw-la respublica_fw-la that_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v not_o damnify_v by_o too_o usual_a and_o frequent_a grant_v pardon_n for_o too_o great_a impunity_n will_v occasion_v and_o encourage_v impiety_n 3._o that_o all_o loyal_a and_o faithful_a subject_n be_v bind_v and_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o believe_v that_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n as_o he_o be_v god_n immediate_a vicegerent_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n and_o who_o great_a interest_n it_o be_v to_o promote_v those_o good_a end_n so_o he_o will_v careful_o endeavour_v by_o a_o due_a execution_n of_o our_o good_a law_n to_o attain_v those_o end_n 4._o that_o such_o case_n heretofore_o have_v and_o may_v again_o happen_v wherein_o the_o time_n person_n and_o all_o other_o circumstance_n due_o consider_v a_o reprieve_n may_v not_o only_o be_v lawful_a but_o necessary_a and_o wherein_o a_o pardon_n may_v conduce_v every_o way_n as_o much_o and_o possible_o in_o some_o case_n more_o for_o attain_v the_o good_a end_n of_o penal_a law_n as_o a_o perpetual_a severe_a and_o rigorous_a execution_n of_o they_o and_o of_o such_o case_n the_o king_n be_v the_o supreme_a and_o sole_a judge_n who_o if_o need_v be_v may_v call_v for_o and_o have_v the_o advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n of_o who_o prudence_n and_o piety_n he_o be_v well_o assure_v this_o be_v the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v at_o several_a time_n to_o several_a person_n to_o confirm_v they_o in_o the_o belief_n and_o encourage_v they_o to_o a_o just_a vindication_n of_o his_o majesty_n legal_a right_n and_o undoubted_a prerogative_n and_o what_o i_o have_v do_v in_o this_o be_v a_o duty_n i_o do_v owe_v to_o my_o gracious_a sovereign_n not_o only_o by_o common_a allegiance_n as_o he_o be_v my_o king_n but_o in_o gratitude_n as_o to_o my_o patron_n who_o undeserved_a favour_n and_o goodness_n have_v place_v i_o in_o the_o good_a station_n wherein_o i_o be_o and_o therefore_o that_o god_n almighty_n will_v be_v gracious_o please_v to_o bless_v and_o preserve_v his_o anoint_v from_o all_o the_o impious_a plot_n and_o conspiracy_n of_o all_o his_o enemy_n give_v he_o a_o long_a and_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o a_o temporal_a crown_n here_o and_o a_o eternal_a crown_n of_o glory_n hereafter_o be_v and_o shall_v while_o i_o live_v be_v the_o prayer_n of_o buckden_n jan._n 20._o 1684._o your_o affectionate_a friend_n and_o servant_n t._n lincoln_z mr._n cottington_n case_n concern_v the_o validity_n or_o nullity_n of_o his_o marriage_n with_o gallina_n her_o former_a husband_n then_o live_a anno._n 1671._o mr._n cottington_n case_n a_o doubt_n or_o case_n of_o conscience_n propose_v case_n the_o first_o 1._o gallina_n marry_v patrimoniale_a anno._n 1664._o life_n and_o cohabite_v with_o he_o as_o his_o wife_n a_o year_n and_o a_o half_a have_v a_o child_n by_o he_o a_o daughter_n and_o all_o this_o while_n voluntary_o give_v he_o reverence_n and_o due_a benevolence_n sine_fw-la protestatione_n aut_fw-la querelâ_fw-la without_o any_o protestation_n or_o complaint_n of_o any_o nullity_n or_o illegallity_n of_o the_o matrimonial_a contract_n by_o reason_n of_o any_o antecedent_n force_n or_o fear_v to_o make_v her_o consent_n and_o plight_a troth_n involuntary_a never_o endeavour_n to_o recede_v and_o make_v a_o escape_n from_o he_o when_o she_o be_v in_o loco_fw-la tuto_fw-la and_o have_v opportunity_n to_o make_v such_o protestation_n or_o recess_n with_o safety_n 2._o after_o this_o anno._n 1666._o the_o archbishop_n of_o turine_n by_o sentence_n give_v pronounce_v the_o say_a marriage_n void_a and_o null_a by_o reason_n of_o force_n and_o fear_v into_o which_o her_o father_n put_v she_o which_o render_v gallina_n consent_n involuntary_a as_o be_v suppose_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o conjugal_a consent_n which_o jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la ought_v to_o be_v free_a and_o spontaneous_a otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o be_v obligatory_a 3._o after_o this_o anno._n 1671_o the_o say_v gallina_n marry_v mr._n cottington_n her_o former_a husband_n then_o live_v and_o who_o be_v yet_o alive_a and_o at_o law_n and_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o arch_n claim_v he_o for_o her_o husband_n 4._o the_o court_n sententiâ_fw-la latâ_fw-la determine_v and_o declare_v that_o mr._n cottington_n and_o gallina_n be_v lawful_o husband_n and_o wife_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o turin_n sentence_n whether_o it_o be_v valid_a or_o void_a and_o enjoin_v they_o to_o cohabit_v 2._o this_o be_v the_o case_n and_o the_o query_n be_v whether_o mr._n cottington_n after_o a_o just_a and_o serious_a consideration_n of_o the_o premise_n may_v acknowledge_v query_n take_v and_o use_n gallina_n as_o a_o lawful_a wife_n without_o sin_n and_o so_o with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n and_o without_o danger_n or_o fear_n of_o offend_a god_n with_o security_n to_o his_o soul_n 3._o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o conscience_n in_o which_o my_o opinion_n be_v desire_v answer_n which_o how_o insignificant_a soever_o it_o may_v prove_v yet_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o command_n of_o that_o excellent_a and_o noble_a person_n who_o require_v it_o and_o charity_n and_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o doubt_a gentleman_n and_o discharge_v of_o my_o own_o duty_n as_o a_o minister_n i_o shall_v willing_o give_v it_o and_o plain_o set_v down_o what_o at_o present_a i_o conceive_v truth_n in_o the_o case_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o do_v so_o the_o premise_n then_o as_o before_o set_v down_o be_v suppose_v true_a and_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n grant_v with_o submission_n to_o the_o better_a judgement_n of_o person_n of_o great_a knowledge_n in_o divinity_n the_o common_a canon_n and_o civil_a law_n my_o answer_n be_v negative_a that_o mr._n cottington_n can_v with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n and_o security_n from_o sin_n acknowledge_v take_v and_o use_n gallina_n as_o his_o lawful_a wife_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o not_o only_o a_o probable_a but_o a_o certain_a and_o evident_a truth_n that_o this_o may_v appear_v i_o consider_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v certain_a and_o confess_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o matrimonial_a contract_n be_v not_o ground_v on_o any_o positive_a constitution_n of_o man_n but_o on_o the_o divine_a law_n of_o god_n and_o civil_a nature_n for_o although_o the_o contract_n can_v be_v make_v without_o the_o positive_a consent_n of_o the_o party_n yet_o the_o consent_n once_o pass_v the_o obligation_n to_o conjugal_a duty_n arise_v immediate_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o hence_o it_o be_v that_o this_o matrimonial_a contract_n while_o the_o etc._n party_n live_v be_v
of_o the_o jew_n be_v in_o itself_o indifferent_a yet_o may_v be_v make_v moral_o good_a or_o bad_a according_a to_o the_o several_a end_n the_o different_a limitation_n and_o qualification_n of_o their_o admission_n first_o the_o end_n of_o their_o admission_n may_v be_v either_o 1._o civil_a 2._o or_o sacred_a and_o religious_a 1._o for_o the_o civil_a end_n of_o their_o admission_n that_o be_v in_o general_a the_o emolument_fw-fr and_o benefit_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o commonweal_n and_o though_o 510._o becanuâ—_n the_o jesuit_n with_o a_o transparent_a piece_n of_o hypocrisy_n condemn_v this_o end_n as_o unlawful_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o his_o great_a jupiter_n capitolinus_n of_o rome_n as_o ecclesiae_fw-la one_o say_v long_o since_o of_o some_o of_o his_o predecessor_n make_v this_o a_o end_n and_o a_o principle_n one_o two_o of_o their_o admission_n and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o great_a fault_n i_o shall_v pardon_v this_o for_o second_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n may_v just_o make_v this_o one_o end_n of_o their_o admission_n for_o by_o his_o place_n and_o office_n there_o lie_v a_o obligation_n upon_o he_o to_o preserve_v the_o civil_a interest_n of_o his_o nation_n and_o the_o good_a and_o benefit_n of_o the_o common-weal_n and_o may_v propose_v it_o as_o a_o end_n by_o all_o honourable_a and_o honest_a mean_n to_o be_v attain_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o prince_n protect_v and_o encourage_v trading_n all_o merchandize_v and_o manufacture_n 2._o the_o sacred_a and_o religious_a end_n of_o their_o admission_n shall_v be_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o the_o conversion_n and_o salvation_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o endeavour_v this_o 1._o by_o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o charity_n as_o they_o be_v man_n and_o so_o our_o brethren_n who_o good_a we_o ought_v to_o promote_v especial_o that_o of_o their_o soul_n by_o all_o honest_a way_n 2._o and_o more_o particular_o as_o they_o be_v the_o reliquiae_fw-la of_o god_n own_o people_n concern_v who_o and_o their_o conversion_n there_o be_v many_o gracious_a and_o glorious_a promise_n in_o the_o gospel_n and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o happiness_n to_o we_o if_o we_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o it_o it_o be_v a_o say_v of_o martin_n luther_n 188._o se_fw-la propter_fw-la unum_fw-la judaeum_n crucifixum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la favere_fw-la judaeis_n and_o if_o we_o love_v they_o and_o desire_v their_o conversion_n and_o salvation_n as_o in_o christian_a charity_n certain_o we_o ought_v then_o the_o way_n to_o effect_v that_o will_v not_o be_v to_o banish_v they_o and_o prohibit_v their_o habitation_n among_o we_o so_o compel_v they_o to_o live_v among_o turk_n pagan_n or_o papist_n the_o image_n and_o idolatry_n of_o which_o last_o have_v undeniable_o be_v the_o great_a scandal_n and_o remora_n which_o have_v long_o hinder_v they_o from_o be_v christian_n whereas_o if_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o live_v among_o we_o that_o stumbling-block_n will_v be_v take_v away_o 2._o for_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o admission_n for_o the_o restriction_n and_o limitation_n to_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caution_n and_o christian_a prudence_n be_v to_o be_v use_v lest_o while_o we_o pretend_v their_o good_a we_o do_v mischief_n to_o ourselves_o for_o as_o to_o deny_v they_o all_o liberty_n and_o commerce_n with_o we_o may_v be_v a_o act_n of_o unchristian_a and_o indeed_o inhuman_a cruelty_n so_o to_o give_v they_o too_o much_o be_v a_o act_n of_o imprudence_n and_o folly_n and_o indeed_o we_o find_v some_o 2._o sober_a man_n not_o without_o good_a reason_n complain_v of_o the_o too_o much_o liberty_n they_o have_v in_o some_o christian_a commonwealth_n in_o short_a what_o qualification_n and_o limitation_n be_v to_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v but_o leave_v that_o to_o the_o piety_n and_o prudence_n of_o the_o state_n yet_o with_o submission_n i_o conceive_v such_o limitation_n as_o these_o will_v be_v convenient_a if_o not_o necessary_a the_o rather_o because_o i_o find_v in_o our_o history_n in_o the_o imperial_a and_o canon_n law_n and_o in_o the_o old_a capitular_o and_o canon_n of_o council_n that_o such_o restriction_n have_v be_v ancient_o lay_v upon_o they_o as_o 1._o no_o toleration_n ever_o be_v or_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la can_v be_v give_v they_o to_o profess_v or_o practise_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o no_o toleration_n shall_v be_v give_v they_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n blasphemous_o or_o impious_o against_o jesus_n christ_n and_o the_o gospel_n for_o though_o we_o may_v tolerate_v they_o in_o the_o profession_n of_o a_o bad_a yet_o not_o in_o that_o blasphemy_n judaeis_n of_o a_o good_a religion_n 3._o they_o never_o be_v nor_o shall_v be_v permit_v to_o circumcise_v 31._o child_n of_o christian_n or_o seduce_v any_o christian_n to_o their_o religion_n let_v they_o prosess_v but_o not_o propagate_v their_o religion_n 4._o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o carry_v any_o office_n judaeis_n or_o dignity_n in_o the_o christian_a common-weal_n though_o judaeis_n it_o seem_v that_o sometime_o even_o that_o be_v permit_v they_o 5._o they_o be_v not_o permit_v in_o any_o suit_n or_o difference_n between_o a_o jew_n and_o a_o christian_a to_o draw_v the_o christian_a or_o his_o cause_n before_o a_o judaeis_n jewish_a magistrate_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_v case_n in_o the_o imperial_a law_n judaeus_n actor_n vel_fw-la reus_fw-la forum_n sequitur_fw-la christianum_fw-la 6._o they_o be_v never_o permit_v to_o make_v marriage_n judaeis_n with_o christian_n and_o the_o quis_fw-la glossator_fw-la give_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o in_o law_n nuptiarum_fw-la quia_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la communicatio_fw-la divini_fw-la &_o humani_fw-la juris_fw-la whereas_o a_o jew_n and_o christian_n be_v of_o different_a religion_n can_v communicare_fw-la in_fw-la sac_n be_v and_o this_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o gospel_n which_o forbid_v we_o to_o be_v 14._o unequal_o yoke_v upon_o which_o ground_n i_o believe_v all_o marriage_n with_o papist_n to_o be_v unlawful_a that_o be_v fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debuit_fw-la it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o make_v such_o match_n though_o that_o factum_fw-la valet_fw-la when_o such_o a_o match_n be_v make_v the_o contract_n be_v valid_a 7._o their_o frequent_a judaeis_n divorce_v their_o wife_n be_v tolerate_v for_o though_o moses_n seem_v to_o suffer_v it_o yet_o the_o emperor_n by_o express_a edict_n forbid_v it_o 8._o by_o the_o imperial_a law_n judaeis_n polygamy_n and_o plurality_n of_o wife_n be_v not_o tolerate_v in_o they_o 9_o if_o any_o of_o the_o jew_n turn_v christian_n by_o 5._o civil_a law_n in_o case_n the_o jew_n endeavour_v to_o reduce_v he_o and_o malicious_o injure_v he_o they_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v for_o it_o 10._o they_o may_v repair_v their_o old_a synagogue_n but_o be_v not_o tolerate_v by_o the_o judaeis_n roman_a law_n to_o build_v new_a 11._o they_o be_v not_o tolerate_v to_o have_v any_o christian_a servant_n nurse_n or_o midwife_n can._n praesenti_fw-la 1._o extra_n de_fw-fr judaeis_n exit_fw-la concilio_fw-la malis_fw-la conenti_fw-la 12._o by_o the_o judaeis_n canon_n law_n they_o may_v not_o come_v abroad_o on_o good_a friday_n 13._o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o wear_v garment_n eadem_fw-la exact_o of_o the_o christian_a fashion_n but_o be_v to_o have_v distinct_a habit_n that_o all_o may_v know_v they_o to_o be_v jew_n 14._o they_o may_v not_o be_v 1._o physiacians_n or_o give_v physic_n to_o any_o christian._n 15._o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o be_v of_o the_o roman_a theodosiano_n militia_n though_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o be_v advocate_n by_o the_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o arcadius_n to_o romulianus_n p._n p._n 16._o the_o jew_n be_v the_o great_a usurer_n in_o the_o world_n and_o believe_v they_o may_v just_o take_v the_o high_a use_n they_o can_v get_v even_o usurae_fw-la centessimae_fw-la if_o they_o can_v have_v it_o of_o we_o gentile_n it_o be_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n they_o shall_v be_v limit_v in_o this_o particular_a and_o not_o permit_v to_o take_v more_o of_o we_o than_o the_o law_n permit_v we_o to_o take_v one_o of_o another_o 17._o they_o shall_v be_v enjoin_v to_o admit_v of_o friendly_a collation_n and_o disputation_n sometime_o about_o gospel_n truth_n and_o not_o obstinate_o to_o reject_v all_o mean_n of_o conversion_n and_o conviction_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o those_o seem_a reason_n which_o keep_v they_o off_o from_o embrace_v the_o truth_n for_o there_o will_v be_v little_a hope_n or_o possibility_n of_o their_o conversion_n if_o they_o be_v permit_v obstinate_o to_o refuse_v all_o mean_n of_o do_v it_o but_o enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o old_a 145._o law_n concern_v the_o jew_n make_v before_o