Selected quad for the lemma: religion_n
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A64922
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A view of the differences between France and Spain in which is shown the present posture of the affaires of Europe· English't by a person of honour.; Judicious vievv of the businesses which are at this time between France and the house of Austria.
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Person of honour.
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1684
(1684)
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Wing V362C; ESTC R222550
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100,105
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246
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Kingdomes as we shall say in the following Chapter And these distinguisht into three general Jurisdictions of Castilia Arragon and Portugal It is true that since the late Wars the revolts of Portugal and Catalonia have clipt so much of his Domtnions and the French have taken from him the County of Roussillon 2. Upon the coasts of Spain he possesseth the two Baleares Mallorca and Minorca and the two Ilands in old time called Ophiusae now Ivica and Fromentera 3. In Italy he hath all the Kingdom of Naples which is almost the half of it and the most Easterly part from Cajeta or Fondi to the golph of Tarento and the Strait of Messina 4. In the same Italy he hath the Dutchy of Milan with the territories of Pavia Tortona Cremona c. 5. Upon the coasts of the Tuscan Sea he hath Final Piombino Porto Hercule and Orbitello Of late the Prince of Monaco hath shaken off his yoak In Toscana the great Duke of Florence doth him homage for the Common-wealth of Siena and oweth him service 6. In that Sea about Italy he hath the Isles of Sardinia and Sicily and is soveraign of the Isle of Malta which the old Geographers reckon among the African Ilands The great Master of that Iland oweth him some homage for it 7. In the Celtique Gaule he hath the Franche County or the County of Burgundy and in the Dutchy of Burgundy he hath the County of Charrolois 8. In the Belgique Gaule he hath possest till the end of the last age all that was comprehended under the name of the seventeen Provinces He keeps to this day the Dutchies of Luxemburg Limburg the Dutchy of Brabant but pared about by the losse of Maestritcht the Bose Breda and Bergupzom part of the Dutchy of Guelders the Counties of Namur Hainant Artois and Flanders all maimed with the losse of some limbs by our late Wars Also the Marquisat of the holy Empire which is Antwerp and the Principality of Mechlen The remnant of these seventeer Provinces is in the hand of the States of the united Provinces besides that which the King of France hath taken In all that large extent of Lands the Spaniard suffereth the exercise of no Religion but the Roman Though he go for a great soveraign yet many of his Lands depend from oâ— other Princes The See of Rome hath great pretences upon the soveraignty of Arragon He acknowledgerh without contradiction the soveraignty of the Church over his Kingdom of Naples Yet it is pretended that he oweth the same homage for Sicily For the Dutchy of Milan and other Lands which he holds in Italy he must acknowledge the Empire from which he hath received the investiture of the same Franche County is an imperiall fee as also the Provinces of Netherland not depending of France did owe homage to the Empire And in the year 1608. when the truce was made between Spain and Holland these two States disputing of their soveraignty in the first Article the Emperour Rodolphus framed an opposition against that Article and claimed the soveraignty as belonging to the Empire but the Treaty past without any reflection to that claim Finally although the Spaniard acknowledge our Kings no more neither for Flanders nor for Artois it is not well resolved yet by what right he hath shaken off the yoak and the French pretend that the Treaties of Madrid Cambray and Crespy in Valois which contain that cession have not been authorized by the generall States of France The King of Spain being possessor of such a great extent of Lands is a neighbor to most of the Christian Princes as will be shewed more at large in the second Chapter and hath alwaies some difference with them The now King of Spain is Phillip the IV. of the Roman Religion Paragraphe III. Here we will look upon the King of France whose state is comprehended in the old Gally Narbonensis Aquitanica Celtica and Belgica yet doth he not possess them all the whole Narbonensis belongs to him excepting Avignon Nice Savoy Geneva and Orenge The whole Aquitanica is his since the small principality of Bearn which with small reason hath been pretended to be soveraign in her Rights and Customs hath been united to the Crown and began to have the same Prince by the coming of Henry the fourth to the Crown The whole Celtica belongs likewise to the King of France excepting onely the Franch County and the imperial Town oâ— Besancon Of the Belgica the King of France hath the least part The I le of France Pays de Caux Boulonnois Picardi Beau-voisis Champagne Brie And by good or bad title the Towns of Mets Thoul and Verdun of which in the first invasion he declared himselfe Protector onely By the late Wars he hath made himself Master of most part of Lorrain of the Town of Brisach and of other Towns of Alsatia beyond the Rhine The subjects of the King of France are commonly Roman Catholiques yet Protestants are tolerared in the State The King of France is neighbouring upon Spain by the Pyrencan hills On that side the French and the Spaniards have not much troubled one another but of late yeares in which the French have unfortunately attempted Spain about Fontarabie but fortunately about Roussillon and Catalonia But about the Low Countries and Franche County which lie open to both the Nations there hath been much stir and action On the side of Provence and Daulphine the Duke of Savoy is neighbour to France for Savoy and Piemont joyn to the foresaid Provinces The County of Avignon belonging to the Pope is inclosed within Provence By Daulphine the French touch the Common-wealth of Geneva By the Country of Bresse and the Bailliages of Gez and Verromey they enter within Switzerland into the Canton of Berne By Champagne they have the Duke of Lorraine for their neighbour but now they are possest of his Country So all their neighbours are weak the King of Spain excepted The present King of France is Lewis the XIV of the Roman profession Paragraphe IV. In this Paragraphe we will set downe all the Princes contained within the ancient Gaules besides the King of France 1. In Gallia Narbonensis the Duke of Savoy holds the Dutchie of Savoy the Countries of Chablais and Tarantaise and the Towne of Chambery and upon the Sea coast neare the River of Var the Town and County of Nice which was sometimes a member of Provence and being upon the River of Var it is partly in France partly in Italy 2. The Pope holds the County of Venaissyn or Avignon an ancient member of Provence with the four Bishopricks belonging to it Avignon Carpentras Cavaillon and Vezon There also is Orenge belonging to the House of Nassau 3. The City of Geneva with her Territory made her selfe a soveraign Common-wealth about the year 1535. when the Duke of Savoy the Bishop of Geneva and the City being in contention about their right the Citizens changed Religion forced the Bishop to
bring no confusion to the affaires of the Councell he desisted from that right upon condition that this his protestation should be inserred into the Acts of the Councell so that they could not be printed nor otherwise publisht without it and that a Copy signed by the Legates should be given him by the Secretary of the Councill Having said these words he went to take his place appointed for him near the Table of the Secretary of the Councell The French Ambassadors sitting by the Imperial answered that if it was thought that the place where they sat was not the most honourable next to that of the Emperour as it had been acknowledged in all the Councell before the last of which were that of Constance and that of Lateran under Leo the X Or if the place assigned to Count de Luna might be a prejudice against them they desired the Councell to prevent it speedily by orders commands excommunications or other wayes practised in such a case without acception of persons But because none answered any thing and the Imperial Embassadors connived to that novelty although their interesse was to hinder it least their place should be once disputed they added That without injury to the honour of King Philip and the alliance betweene the two Crowns they protested against that proceeding as unjust requiring that their protestation should be inserted in the Acts of the Council and that a Copy of the same should be delivered unto them None of the Fathers spake one word upon these disputes And the silence was broken by a Spanish Doctor called Frontidon who made a Latin Oration in the name of Count de Luna whereby he exalted the greatnesse of the King of Spain his zeal towards the Church and Religion with such impertinent words so much contempt of other Princes that the Embassadors of the Emperour made great complaints about it to Count de Luna who had no other shift to excuse it than saying that the Oration had displeased him more then any The Promoter of the Councell having answered the Oration suddenly the Embassador of Spain went out of the Assembly not expecting the rising of the Legates to avoid a dispute with the French and the same he observed in the following Congregations sitting by himself and going out alone But that Order could not be kept in the Church the day of the Session because the manner of sitting there was not alike and some more precise ceremonies were used about the preference as that of the pax and the censer at the Masse Wherefore the Legats consulted the Pope before the Session and he being won by the Spaniards thinking that the French would again run into another weaknesse writ to the Legate that in the Session they should assign a place apart to the Spaniard and that the pax and the censer should be given to both the Ambassadours at the same time but that the businesse should be kept secret till the point of the action that the French might not storm at it The day of the Session being come which was Saint Peters day the 29. of June after the Bishop of Valdaosta in Savoy had begun the Masse of the Holy Ghost presently a Chair of black Velvet was brought out of the Vestry which was placed between the last Cardinall and the first Patriarck where Count de Luna sate The Cardinall of Lorrain with the French Ambassadours made a great noise about it and rose to withdraw when at the same time they heard the order given about it and for the Censer the Pax. But for fear of troubling the action they contented themselves to protest against it and to declare that their Masters right did not consist in the equality but in the precedence The Gospell being read whilst a Divine went up into the Pulpit to make a speech the Legats with the Cardinal of Lorrain and the other Cardinalls the Ambassadour of the Emperour and Ferrier one of the French Ambassadours went into the Vestry into which they called the Archbishop of Granada a Spaniard and two French Bishops to sind some accommodation After many disputes and many goings and commings and messages to Luna it was concluded that the Masse should be ended without receiving the Censer and the pax After which Luna came out of the Church with his Spaniards triumphing for that first step so advantagious to his Master This action was very scandalous to the French and the Legats not able to bear the envy of it were constrained to produce the command which they had from Rome about it The injury was more resented because it was done to a King in his minority it was Charles the IX and one that was afflicted with Hugonots and entangled in a civill War The Cardinal of Lorrain writ very smart letters to the Pope about it yet without violating the respect due to him But Ferrier a violent and stout man cryed out every where that unlesse at the next publique Mass the preference of the Censer and the Pax was given to his Master he would protest aloud not against the Legats who had obeyed the Popes Orders nor against the Councel whose hands were manifestly bound nor against King Philip who took his advantage where he might nor against the Roman Church toward which he should never lose the due respect but against the very person of the Pope whom he would prove to have bought the pontificat and would appeal from him to a lawfull Pope and to a true and free Councel And that his Master would celebrate a Nationall Councel as numerous and as Generall at that of Trent It is certain that Ferrier Pibrac for Lansac was returned into France had prepared a most bloody speech against the Pope and against that innovation Ferrier was to pronounce it and at the same time command all the French Bishops and Doctors to leave the Councell with a promise to return whensoever God had given a lawfull Pope to his Church and restored to the Councels their antient and full liberty The speech was printed but not pronounced Ferrier spread it among the Fathers because Count de Luna boasted that the Legats had promist him that at the first Mass hee should be admitted to the equality of the Pax and Censer The Legates fearing lest this quarrell should come to some sad issue because the Ambassadour of Poland declared that if the King of France should depart from the obedience of the Councel the King of Poland would soon do the like and many other Princes The Legates I say and the wisest of the Council especially Madruvio Cardinal of Trent of the Imperial party thought it expedient that thereafter publique Masses should be said without the Pax and the Censer and made Count de Luna approve of it And the King of Spain hearing all this proceeding thought he had got a great advantage But the Pope lost by it for the affront done to the French in that Councel hindred the publication of it in France