Selected quad for the lemma: religion_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
religion_n	church_n	pope_n	rome_n	5,434	5	6.6788	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33329	The lives & deaths of most of those eminent persons who by their virtue and valour obtained the sirnames of Magni,or the Great whereof divers of them give much light to the understanding of the prophecies in Esay, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel, concerning the three first monarchies : and to other Scriptures concerning the captivity, and restauration of the Jews / by Samuel Clark ...	Clarke, Samuel, 1599-1682.	1675 (1675)	Wing C4537; ESTC R36025	412,180	308

other Doctors of the Church He resided also at Paris that he might have opportunity of conferring with learned men There he erected a goodly University which he furnished with as learned men as those times could afford and endowed it with great priviledges For he had an exceeding great care to make it a Nurcery for the holy Ministry that from thence the Church might be supplied with able Teachers whence also grew so many Colleges of Cannons with sufficient revenues annexed thereunto Thus Charlemagne spent three years happily in the only care of his Soul leaving an illustrious example to all Princes to moderate and ennoble their greatness with Piety and so to enjoy their Temporal estates as in the mean time not to neglect their eternal concernments and to think of their departure out of this Life in time Foreseeing his Death whereunto he prepared himself by these exercises he made his last Will and Testament leaving his Son Lewis the sole Heir unto his great Kingdoms and bequeathed to the Church much Treasure But all things and Persons in this World have an end His Testament was but the Harbinger to his Death for presently after he was taken with a pain in his side or Plurisie and lay sick but eight days and so yielded up his Spirit unto God that gave it Anno Christi 814. and of his Age seventy one and of his Reign forty seven including fifteen years of his Empire His Body was interred in a sumptuous Church which he had caused to be built in the City of Aquisgrave or Aix la Capelle where he was born and his memory was honoured with a goodly Epitaph He was one of the greatest Princes that ever lived His virtues are a pattern to other Monarchs and his great successes the subject of their wishes The greatness of his Monarchy indeed was admirable For he quietly enjoyed all France Germany the greatest part of Hungary all Italy and a good part of Spain At the time of his Death he was in peace with the other Kings of Spain as also with the Kings of England Denmark Bulgary with the Emperour Leo of Constantinople and with all the Princes of that time This Noble Prince was endued with so many excellent Virtues that we read of very few in antient Histories that excelled him so that he may be justly compared with the best of them For in Martial Discipline in Valour in Dexterity in Feats of Arms there are none that exceeded him He obtained as many Victories fought as many Battels and subdued as many fierce and Warlike Nations as any one we read of and that both before and after that he was Emperour He was tall of Stature very well proportioned in all his members passing strong of a fair and grave countenance valiant mild merciful a lover of Justice liberal very affable pleasant well read in History a great Friend of Arts and Sciences and sufficiently seen into them and a man who above all loved and rewarded Learned men He was very charitable in his Kingdoms yea in his very Court he harboured and relieved many Strangers and Pilgrims In matters of Faith and Religion he was very zealous and most of the Wars which he made were to propagate and enlarge the Christian Faith He being mis-led by the darkness of the times wherein he lived superstitiously honoured and obeyed the Church of Rome and the Pope that was Bishop thereof together with other Bishops and Prelates commanding his Subjects also to do the like He was also very devout and spent much of his time in Prayer Hearing and Reading In his Diet he was very temperate and a great enemy to riot and excess and though he was Rich and Mighty yet fed he his Body with what was necessary and wholesome not rare costly and strange And yet his Virtues were not without their blemishes as the greatest commonly are not without some notable Vices For in his younger dayes he was much given to Women adding Concubines to his lawful Wives by whom he had divers children but this was in the time of his Youth For afterwards he contented himself with his Wife and for a remedy of this imperfection though he was three or four times a Widower yet he ever married again the Daughter of some great Prince or other To conclude all he was an excellent Emperour that loved and feared God and died when he was very Old and full of Honour leaving Lewis the weakest of his Sons the sole heir of his great Empire but not of his Virtues So that this great building soon declined in his posterity He had engraven upon his Sword Pro Deo Religione For God and Religion He used to set his Crown upon the Bible as our Canutus sometime put his Crown upon the Rood both of them thereby intimating that as all honour was due to God so true Religion was the best Basis of Government and that Piety was the best Policy The Epitaph which I spake of was this Sub hoc conditorio situm est Corpus Caroli Magni atque Orthodoxi Imperatorisqui Regnum Francorum nobiliter ampliavit per annos Quadraginta septem foeliciter tenuit Decessit Septuagenarius Anno Domini 814. Indicti one 7. Quinto Calend. Febr. Under this Tomb lieth the Body of Charles the Great and Catholick Emperour who most Nobly enlarged the Kingdom of the French and most happily ruled it for the space of forty and seven years He died in the seventy and one year of his Age In the year of our Lord eight hundred and fourteen the seventh Indiction on the fifth Calend of February He had five Wives the first was called Galcena the Daughter of the King of Galistria by whom he had no Children The second was Theodora the Sister or as others say the Daughter of Didier King of Lombardy whom he kept not long but repudiated her for sundry reasons The third was Hildebranda Daughter of the Duke of Suevia whom he loved exceedingly and had by her three Sons viz. Charles his Eldest whom he made King of the greatest and best part of France and Germany Pepin his Second whom he made King of Italy Bavaria c. Lewis his Youngest to whom he left the Empire intire his Brothers being both dead in their Fathers Life time This Lewis was sirnamed Debonaire or the Courteous He had also three Daughters the Eldest was called Rothruda the Second Birtha and the Youngest Giselia who would never marry His fourth Wife he had out of Germany called Fastrada And his fifth and last was also a German Lady called Luithgranda of the Suevian Race by whom he had no Children He shewed his love to Religion by having one during his Meal-times that either read to him some part of the Holy Scriptures or else some part of Saint Augustines Books especially that De Civitate Dei or some History He was also a great Friend to Learning and therefore erected three

Fathers virtues and Valour leaving behind them Lewis their Brother with large Territories and few vertues to Govern so great an Estate After the Death of these two great Princes many enemies rose up against old Charlemagne who seemed as it were to have lost his two Arms as the Sarazins in Spain the Sclavonians and the Normans in the Northern Regions But he vanquished them all and brought them into his obedience and subjection old and broken as he was Charlemagne all his Life time held the Church in great reverence and had imployed his Authority to beautify it and bountifully bestowed his Treasure to enrich it But this great plenty joyned with so long and happy a Peace made the Church-men to live losely Charlemagne being himself well instructed in Religion knowing of what great importance it was to have such as should instruct others to be sound in the Faith and holy and exemplary in their lives he at sundry times called five Councels in sundry Places of his Dominions For as yet the Popes had not challenged that power to belong to them for the Reformation and good Government of the Church As at Mentz at Rheimes at Tours at Chaalons and at Arles and by the advise of these Ecclesiastical Assemblies he made and published many Orders for the good of the Church which were gathered together in a Book called Capitula Caroli Magni A worthy President for Princes who seek true Honour by virtue whereof the care of Piety is the chiefest Foundation In the Preface to this Book he thus saith that he had appointed these constitutions with the Advice of his Presbyters and Counsellers and that herein he had followed the Example of King Josias who endeavoured to bring the Kingdom which God had given him to the worship of the true God Some of his constitutions are these He commanded to look to and to try the learning and conversation of such as were admitted into the Ministry He forbad private Masses Also the confusion of Diocesses requiring that no Bishop should meddle in anothers Diocess He forbad that any Books should be read publickly but such as were approved by the Councel of Calcedon He forbad the worshipping of Saints He commanded Bishops not to suffer Presbyters to teach the People other things then what are contained in or according to the holy Scriptures And lib. 2. ch 3. he saith Although the Authority of the Ecclesiastical Ministry may seem to stand in our Person Yet by the Authority of God and Ordinance of man it s known to be so divided that every one of you in his own place and order hath his own power and Ministry Hence its manifest that I should admonish you all and you all should further and help us He admonished Bishops especially to teach both by Life and Doctrine both by themselves and the Ministers that were under them as they would answer the contrary in their accounts at the Great Day He Ordained that the Bishop of the first See should not be called the Prince of Priests or the highest Priest or have any such Title but only should be called The Bishop of the first See That none can lay another foundation then that which is laid which is Christ Jesus and that they which lay Christ for their foundation it s to be hoped that they will be careful to shew their Faith by bringing forth good Works He held also a great Councel in the City of Frankfort of the Bishops of France Germany and Italy which himself honoured with his own presence where by general consent the false Synod of the Greeks they are the words of the Original untruly called the seventh was condemned and rejected by all the Bishops who subscribed to the condemnation of it This was that Counsel spoken of before called by Irene at Nice wherein the bringing of Images into Churches for devotion was established In a Word if Charlemagnes medling with Italy and his advancing the Pope for confirming that which he had taken could be excused he was unto all Princes a pattern of magnificence of Zeal in Religion of learning eloquence temperance prudence moderation c. Alcwin saith of him Charles was a Catholick in his Faith a King in power a High Priest in preaching a Judg in his equity a Philosopher in liberal Studies famous in manners and excellent in all honesty He was so temperate that notwithstanding his great revenues he was never served at the Table with above four Dishes at a Meal and those of such Meat as best pleased his taste which he used to the same end for which God created them which was for sustenance and to support his Body not for shew and pomp His ordinary exercise was hunting when he was at leisure in time of War and in times of Peace he attended to such as read Histories to him and sometimes he heard Musick with which he was much delighted having good skill therein himself He was very charitable and a bountiful Alms-giver and so careful to provide for the poor Cristians that in Syria in Africa and in Aegypt and in other Provinces of the Infidels where Christians lived he found means to have Almes-houses and Hospitals erected and endowed for those thar were Poor But there fell out a new accident which drew out Great Charles again to Arms in his old Age and that was this Alphonso King of Navarr surnamed the Chast by reason of his singular and signal temperance in that kind did inform and advertise him that there was now a very fit opportunity and means offered for him utterly to subdue the Sarazins in Spain Charlemagne who infinitely desired to finish this work which he had so often attempted with no great success gave ear to the information and advice whereupon he raises an Army and marches into Spain relying on the Spaniards favour and assistance they being Christians Indeed Alphonso meant plainly and sincerely but so did not his Courtiers and Nobles nor Associates who feared Charles his forces no less than they did the Sarazins and if Charles prevailed the most confident of Alphonso's Servants and Officers doubted to be dispossessed of their places and Governments by a new Master and therefore they laboured to cross Alphonso and to countermand Charles but the Lot was cast his Army was in the Field and he was resolved to pass on But when he was entred into Spain he encountered with so many difficulties that being discouraged he returned back into France and so concluded and put a period to all his Warly enterprises embracing again the care of the Church and of Religion as a fit subject for the remainder of his days Charlemagne was threescore and eight years old when he left the Wars after which he spent three whole years in his study to prepare himself for Death in which time he read much in the Bible and read over also St. Augustines Works whom he loved and preferred before all the

fell the Romans by heaps under their Enemies Swords and were beaten down as well fighting as flying so that of thirty six thousand there escaped no more than ten thousand of all sorts The remainder of this broken Army was collected by Scipio who got therewith into Placentia stealing away the same Night which was very rainy Sempronius escaped with great danger and fled to Rome where he did his Office in choosing new Consuls for the year following and then returned to his Province with a fresh supply against Hannibal The Winter proved very sharp and unfit for service which well pleased the Romans who lay warm in Placentia and Cremona Yet did not Hannibal suffer them to lie very quiet but vexed them with continual Alarms assaulting divers places and taking some He also wan the Lygurians to him who to testifie their faithful love presented him with two Roman Questors Treasurers two Collonels and five young Gentlemen the Sons of Senators These and all his other Prisoners Hannibal held in streight places loaden with Irons and miserably fed But there followers he intreated courteously and sent them to their own Countries without ransome protesting that he undertook the War in Italy to free them from the oppression of the Romans By these means he drew many to his party and assistance But some of the Gauls fearing that their Country should be made the seat of War conspired against his Life others discovered the danger to him who yet soon after were ready to practice the same which enforced Hannibal to use Perukes and false Beards the better to conceal himself from them At length when Summer was come he resolved to leave these giddy Companions and so passed the Appenine Hills that he might approach nearer to Rome So away he went having his Army much recruted with Ligurians and Gauls and to prevent the obstructions in the ordinary way he chose to travel through the Fennes of Tuscany In those Marshes and Bogs he lost all his Elephants save one with one of his own eyes through the moistness of the Air and by lodging on the cold Ground Yet at last with much ado he recovered the firm and fertile Plains and Quartered about Arretium where he somewhat refreshed his weary Army and heard news of the Roman Consuls C. Flaminius and Cn. Servilius were newly chosen Consuls for this year The first a tractable man wholly governed by the Senate the other a hot-headed man who fearing some obstruction gat him out of the City before the day of Election that he might as soon as he was chosen take possession of his Office fearing lest he should lose his Honour which he hoped to gain in the War The Senators were so displeased at this that they sent for him back but he neglected their Command and hasted to meet with the Carthaginians whom he found at Arretium Hannibal was well pleased with the fiery disposition of this Consul and therefore provoked him by many indignities hoping thereby to draw him to fight ere Servilius came with the rest of the Army For which end he put to Fire and Sword all the Country round about him even under the Consuls Nose By this Flaminius thought his Honour to be much impaired and therefore advanced towards the Enemy Many advised him to stay for his Colleague but he would not be perswaded Then he commanded the Army to march All the Territory of Cortona as far as to the Lake of Thrasymene was on a light Fire which whilst Flaminius thought to quench with his enemies blood he pursued Hannibal so unadvisedly that he fell with his whole Army into an Ambush from thence he was charged unaware from all sides so that he knew not which way to turn nor how to make resistance There was he slain in that place accompanied with the Carcasses of fifteen thousand of his Countrymen About six thousand of his Vantguard took courage out of desparation and breaking through their Enemies they recovered the tops of the Mountains but being discovered there Maharbal was sent after them who overtook them by Night in a Village and surrounded them with his Horse and so they yielded rendring up their Arms upon promise of life and liberty This accord Hannibal refused to confirm and so made them all Prisoners At this time he had about fifteen thousand Prisoners all that were not Romans he set free without ransome still protesting that for their sakes he came into Italy But the Romans he kept in streight Prison and held them to hard meat Presently after the Battel of Thrasymene C. Sempronius with four thousand Horse came neer to Hannibals Camp He was sent from Ariminum by Servilius the other Consul to encrease the strength of Flaminius but coming too late he only encreased the misadventure Hannibal sent out Maharbal to intercept him who finding them amazed at the ill news of the late loss charged and brake them killing almost half of them and drew the rest simply to yield to mercy Servilius hearing of the overthrow and death of his Colleague hasted to Rome for the defence of it Greatly were the Romans amazed at these disasters and their approaching danger Wherefore they had recourse to a remedy which had been long out of use and that was to choose a Dictator whose power was above the Consuls and scarcely subject to the Control of the whole City And now they chose Q. Fabius Maximus the best reputed Man of War in the City and Fabius chose M. Minutius Rufus Master of the Horse who was as the Dictators Lieutenant The first act of Fabius was the reformation of somewhat that was amiss in matter of Religion then were the Walls and Towers of Rome repaired and fortified the Bridges upon Rivers were broken down and all care taken for the defence of Rome it self Four Legions the Dictator raised in hast and from Ariminum he received the Army which Servilius had conducted thither With these he marched apace after Hannibal not to fight but to affront him He always lodged upon high grounds and of hard access knowing that the Roman Horse were far inferiour to the Numidians Hannibal in the mean while pursued his Victory and ranged over all the Countries using all manner of cruelty towards the Inhabitants especially those of the Roman Nation of whom he put all to the Sword that were able to bear Arms. Passing by Spoletum and Ancona he encamped upon the Adriatick shores refreshing his diseased and over travelled Army and armed his Africans after the Roman manner and made his dispatches for Carthage presenting his Friends which were very many with part of the Spoils that he had gotten Having refreshed his Army cured his wounded and fed his Horses he followed the course of the Adriatick Shore towards Apulia a Northern Province of the Kingdom of Naples spoiling all that lay in his way Yet took he not one City in all those Countries Indeed he assaied Spoletum but finding it

Pope And Didier suffered himself to be so far abused by the insinuations and perswasions of Hunalt touching the means to attempt something against the Estates of Charlemagne that holding Italy undoubtedly for his own he plotted a War and assured himself of a certain Victory in France Thus Ambition and Covetousness hastens mens ruin The Pope having no other defence to secure his Estate but his Excommunication which against Didier proved but Brutum fulmen a meer scare-crow he was forced to have recourse to Charlemagne as to his Sacred Anchor or last Hope intreating speedy aid from him in this his great necessity Charlemagne had great reason to Arm against Didier who had always crossed his affairs fed and fomented his Brothers jealousies entertained his Widow and Children and laboured to have them chosen Kings of France and all to trouble or ruin his estate He had also received his rebellious Subjects and with their aid practice to make a War against him The sollicitation and request also of the Roman Church was a great incentive to induce him to Arm against him who professed himself to be an open Enemy to the Christian Religion whereof the former Kings of France had shewed themselves Protectors and Guardians But that he might not attempt any thing rashly he first sent his Ambassadours to the Pope to assure him of his good will and promising not to be wanting to him in his necessity Yet withal to tell him that he thought it best first to use mildness before he attempted force against the Lombard He therefore sent also his Ambassadours to Didier to summon him to restore what he had taken from the Pope and to suffer him to live in Peace Didier who relied much upon his Policy gave good words to the Ambassadours promising them to perform all that Charles required but in effect he would have the Pope to accept of conditions of Peace from him and that the Children of Caroloman should be declared Kings of France These demands were judged so unreasonable that the Treaty was broken and the French Ambassadours returned home And Didier prosecutes his War against the Church more eagerly than he did before and having spoiled all the Territories of Ravenna he took Faenza Ferrara Comachia Campagnia and Romandiola Towns of the six Governments or Hexarchy Charlemagnes Ambassadours upon their return inform their Master that the War with the Lombard could not be avoided and they found Charles in a Posture fit to invade Italy For he had Levyed a goodly Army to suppress the rebellious Saxons who impatient of the French yoke revolted daily from his Obedience which Army was now ready to be imployed against the Lombard Yet was not Charlemagne willing to attempt any thing in a matter of such importance without the advise of his Estates and therefore he presently summoned a Parliament and being loath to lose time in the mean season he caused his Army to march and to make their Rendevouz at Geneva a Town under his Obedinece and in the way to Italy and having divided his Army into two Parts he seized upon the Passages of Mount Cenis and St. Bernard which are the two entrances from France into Italy The Estates at their meeting having found the Causes of War against Didier King of Lombardy to be just Charlemagne caused his Army to advance with all speed and to adjoyn near to Verceil There Didier attended him and gave him Battel But at the first encounter he was vanquished by Charlemagne After which the Lombard rallying and re-enforcing his Army fights him again and was again beaten and so shattered were his Troops that he was enforced to suffer his Enemy to be Master of the Field which proved an infallible Harbinger to his total ruin Thus having tumultuously trussed up what he could in such haste he sent his Son Aldegise to Verona with the Widow and Children of Caroloman and cast himself into Pavia which he had diligently Fortified as the Fortress or Dungeon rather of his last Fortune Charlemagne pursues him at the heels and with all his Forces besieged him in Pavia resolving to have it at what price soever And to make his resolution the more manifest he sent for his Wife and Children into Italy to the end that the Italians who hitherto were doubtful to whom to adhere might know his mind and without attending any new occurrents might resolve to obey the Victor Having thus cooped up Didier in Pavia and seised upon all the avenues he resolved to attempt Verona also which they held to be the strongest place in all Lombardy So leaving his Uncle Bernard to continue the siege of Pavia he marched with part of his Army to Verona His beginnings being so successful and this Check given to Didier who was now as it were shut up in Prison gave a great alteration to the affairs of either party amongst these people of divers humours The Spoletines and Reatines and those of Ancona of Fermo and of Ossino striving as it were which should be first yielded to Charlemagne and detested the wretched and forelorn estate of Didier as a worthy reward of his Treachery Injustice and Violence The Venetians who were Neuters and Spectators of this Tragedy and had never dealt in any sort with Didier offered amity and succours to Charlemagne who desired them to keep the Seas quiet lest the Emperour of Constantinople should espouse Didiers quarrel and cause any new disturbance Charlemagne staid not long about Verona before the City began to think of yielding and Berthe the Widow of Caroloman was the chief Instrument to draw them to a surrender the French Forces being as she said very formidable Aldegise the Son of Didier seeing the Citizens so unanimous in their resolutions to open their Gate to the Conquerour and being unable to relieve his Father he secretly stole away and fled to the Emperour of Constantinople Then did Ver●na yield to Charlemagne upon composition who received both the Inhabitants and Berthe to mercy keeping his agreement punctually with them upon Berthe and her Children he inflicted no punishment but only blamed them for their uncivil rashness and enjoyned them to return into France there to do better and to live more honourably This being about Eas●er Charlemagne took the opportunity to go to Rome where yet he stayed only eight days to visit the most remarkable places and to confer with Pope Adrian The Pope made Charles a Patrician of Rome which was a step to mount him to the Empire From thence he hasted and came to Pavia which had now been besieged for the space of then months and being pressed by War without and by the Famine and Pestilence within it at last yielded upon composition and Didier who had hated Charles without cause and attempted War rashly fell into his enemies hands who yet shewed himself Prudent in undertaking the War and mild and modest in his use of the Victory Thus Charlemagne having begun