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A84654 [Pharmako-basanos]: or, The touch-stone of medicines. Discovering the vertues of [brace] vegetables, minerals, & animals, by their tastes & smells. : In two volumes. / By Sir John Floyer ... Floyer, John, Sir, 1649-1734. 1687-1690 (1690) Wing F1388A; ESTC R7125 262,701 788

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alone teaches us the Vertues of Mithridate Treacle c. In these confused Compositions the Taste of the Simples is altered and no particular Taste is discernible therefore each particular Taste has its Nature and Vertue altered by the Fermentation which happens in such Mixtures and also by the Contrariety of one Taste to another The End of the First Volume ADVERTISEMENT By the Publishers THus much of the Third Part relating more nearly to Vegetables was thought proper to go along with the Part that treats of them The next Volume now in the Press and which will be Publish'd next Michaelmas-Term shall begin with the Remainder of the Third Part which treats of Salts and the Mineral Kingdom The Animal Kingdom will be also considered Specificks shall be Classed Plants shall according to their Tastes be reduced to their Summa genera and according to the Compositions of their Tastes and distinguishing Smells they shall be sub-divided into Species And as to usefulness What follows That which is here hinted will exceed what you have already The AUTHOR 's absence from the Press must entitle him to an Excuse from its Errata but especially his late desperate Sickness is his sufficient Apology In his Recovery from which as he himself has reaped the Benefit of his own Art so let it be the good Wishes of the Sons of Art and of all good Men that he may long survive his Danger and live to have the Satisfaction while the World has the Advantages of his great Learning Skill and Industry ADDENDA ASphodelus according to Galen is Bitter in the Root like Squills and Acrid like Dragons But in the Botanicum Monspeliense it is describ'd to be Acrid with a Nauseous Sweetness I only tasted the Leaf I have given the Taste of Veronica instead of Elatine which as Mr. Ray says is a Linaria Fraxinella is like the True Dittany in Vertue being Alexipharmack and Vterine and not like Rue The Roots are chiefly us'd Nummularia is not of a Terebinthinate-Smell as I at first thought it for since I could not observe it to be so Prunella is Bitterish-Astringent in the Root Pseudo-Melanthium is rather a Lychnis than Nigella the Black Seeds tasting Sweet and Acrid Radix-Rhodia The Root smells like a Rose Vmbilicus Veneris is not Biting but may be accounted a Sedum ERRATA What hath been already said we hope will oblige the Reader to Amend or Excuse these Errors and all others that shall occurr herein to his Observation PAge 13. Line 11. for discuss inwardly are read discuss inwardly are p. 22. l. 19. f. Trees r. Plants Ibid. l. 20. dele Lilies of the Valley p. 27. l. 5. for Vrine r. Vrine p. 29. l. f. Agarick Rubarb And r. Agarick Rubarb and. p. 32. l. 16. f. Windy r. Vinous p. 82. l. 1. del by Ib. l. 3. for Object an r. Object an p. 87. l. 5. r. It is therefore a good Vulnerary and works p. 92. l. 14. f. Alder r. Elder p. 120. l. r. f. Carminative Colick r. Colick Carminative p. 164. l. 19. f. Acrid r. Acid. p. 178. l. 3. del and Willow Ib. l. 5. r. Osier and Willow p. 181. l. 17. f. Strong Bitter r. strong Bitter p. 207. l. 19. f. Arba Venenosa r. Arbor Venenosa p. 222. l. 5. f. Ale-Cost r. Costus as the English Name p. 235. l. 1. del Chamadrys has the same Taste p. 241. l. 16. f. Mastich-Thyme r. Syrian-Mastich p. 257. l. 11. f. the same r. the following Powder Ib. l. 14. f. a Scruple r. Twenty-four Grains An Advertisement of some late Books Printed for Robert Clavel at the Peacock in St. Pauls Church-Yard 1687. GRammatica Anglo-Romana or a Syncritical Grammar Teaching English Youth the Latin Tongue by few and easie Rules comparing English with Latin. With a Comment for the Use of Riper Years containing the Elegancies and explaining the difficult Phrases and Idioms which are peculiar to the Latin. Fitted to the Sense of the Learned Oxford-Commentators upon Lilly's Grammar By Samuel Shaw Master of the Free-School in Ashby-de-la-Zouch in Leicester-shire A Discourse concerning a Judge of Controversies in Matters of Religion Being an Answer to some Papers asserting the Necessity of such a Judge With an Address to wavering Protestants shewing what little reason they have to think of any Change of their Religion Written for the private Satisfaction of some Scrupulous Persons And now Published for Common Use With a Preface concerning the Nature of Certainty and Infallibility By an Eminent Author An Historical Description of the Glorious Conquest of the City of Buda the Capital City of the Kingdom of Hungary by the Victorious Arms of the Thrice Illustrious and Invincible Emperour Leopold the First Under the Conduct of His most Serene Highness the Duke of Lorrain In 9 Sheets The Plausible Arguments of a Romish Priest from Scripture Answered by an English Protestant Seasonable and Useful for all Protestant Families The Plausible Arguments of a Romish Priest from Antiquity Answered by the Author of the Answer to the Plausible Arguments from Scripture A plain and familiar Discourse by way of Dialogue betwixt a Minister and his Parishioner concerning the Catholick Church In Three Parts I. Shewing what 's the Nature of the Catholick Church II. That the Church of Rome is not the Catholick Church III. That the Scriptures and not the Church are the Rule of Faith. Which may serve as an Answer to some late Tracts upon that Argument By a Divine of the Church of England A Discourse of DUELS shewing the Sinful Nature and Mischievous Effects of them And Answering the usual Excuses made for them by Challengers Acceptors and Seconds By T. Comber D. D. Of the Authority of Councils and the Rule of Faith With an Answer to the Eight Theses laid down for the Tryal of the English Reformation in the Book that came lately from Oxford The Law and Equity of the Gospel in two plain Sermons c. By Tho. Pierce D. D. and Dean of Sarum The History of the English Monarchy shewing the benefit of Kingly Government and inconvenience of Common-Wealths c. An Historical Vindication of the Divine Right of Tithes from Scripture Reason and the Opinion and Practice of Jews Gentiles and Christians in all Ages designed to supply the Omissions Answer the Objections and rectifie the Mistakes of Mr. Seldens History of Tithes Part I. A further Vindication of the Divine Right of Tithes proved by Scripture and Antiquity and Illustrated by the Solemn Consecration and great Conveniency of them with an Answer to the Objections of other Authors against them Part II. To which is added A Discourse of Excommunication By Thomas Comber D. D. Precentor of York A Church Catechism with a brief and casie Explanation thereof for the help of the meanest Capacities and weakest Memories in order to the Establishing them in the Religion of the Church of England Sir William Dugdales Summons to all Parliaments since the 49th Year of King Henry the Third The
Dean of Durham's Counsel and Directions Divine and Moral in Letters of Advice to a Young Gentleman soon after his Admission into a Colledge in Oxford Arch-bishop Stern's Logick The Pope's Bull concerning the Damnation Excommunication c. of Queen Elizaheth with Observations and Animadversions thereon By Thomas Lord Bishop of Lincoln There is also Printed with it the Popes Bull for the Damnation and Excommunication of King Henry the Eighth The Catholick Balance or a Discourse determining the Controversies concerning 1. The Catholick Doctrines 2. The Primacy of St. Peter and the Bishop of Rome 3. The Subjection and Authority of the Church in a Christian State According to the Suffrages of the primest Antiquity Written with most Impartial Sincerity at the Request of a Private Gentleman ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟ-ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ OR THE Touch-stone of Medicines c. VOL. II. Containing Four PARTS Part the Third Of the Tastes and Virtues of Minerals and the similitude of their Principles to those of Vegetables Part the Fourth Of the Tastes and Virtues of Animal Medicines and the Origine of Animal Humors Part the Fifth Containing the Classes of Specificks distinguished by their Tastes and the Humors which they Correct Part the Sixth Contains a new Method for distinguishing Plants into Classes by their Tastes and Smells In the Appendix The Animal Medicines are reduced into a Scheme by their Tastes The Minerals are also digested under their several Tastes and many Observations are added which were omitted in the preceding Parts TO THE Right Honourable WILLIAM Lord Digby Baron Digby OF Geashil in IRELAND My Lord I Designed the subject of this Essay at Coleshil-Hall in Warwick-shire whilst I attended there as a Physician And therefore I humbly apply my self to your Lordship for the Patronage of it The great Favours I have received from your Honourable Family oblige me to make this Dedication but especially your Lordship's curiosity in reading the Philosophy of this Age and your Ingenious Studies which have given your Lordship the advantage of judging of a greater Subject I am much obliged to many Gentlemen of your Country who have Tasted many Plants with me and I desire to make this Tract more acceptable to them by this Dedication of it to your Lordship whom they justly Honour and Esteem for your Zealous concern for the Preservation of our Church and State. I will give your Lordship this short account of the design of this ensuing Book I shall assert that Minerals Animals and Vegetables have Water Earth Oyl and Acids for their Principles Of these they are compounded and into these they are ultimately resolved Generation being the mixture of Principles and Corruption the separation of them This Opinion agrees with and illustrates the Antient Hypothesis That all Bodies are compounded of Moist Dry Hot and Cool Principles The Humidity depends on the Water the dryness on the Earth the Oyl is Inflammable and the Matter of Fire in Vegetables In Minerals the Oyly Sulphur burns in Animals the Oyly Fat is Inflammable The Oyls Fat 's and Sulphurs are the same Oyly Principle but they differ by their several States Mixtures and Digestions The Acid Principle produces Coldness in Animal Humors according to Hippocrates's Observation 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And it is observable that Nitre which is Acid tastes very Cool and the Sulphureous Acid which abounds in the Air is esteemed the Principle of Cold. The Oyly Principle is the Hot Principle in Animals as Hippocrates affirms 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Because the Ancients observed these Qualities to abound in Earth Water Fire and Air they called these Elements and supposed all Bodies to be compounded of them Those Constitutions they called Dry in which Earth abounds those Moist in which Water prevails the Oyl high digested makes the Constitution Hot and a great Acidity renders the Constitution Cold. Galen describes Choler as Bitter Acrid and Detergent Phlegm as Crude Slimy and Cool The Atra bilis is described as Acid which Galen says is evacuated into the Stomach and there becomes Styptick Hippocrates affirms the Atra bilis to be Viscid 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so that by Atra bilis the Ancient Physicians understood the Slimy Acid of the Spleen which when the Spleen is obstructed is carried by the Arteries of the Stomach into its Cavity where this Slime and Acidity abounding produce the Flatus Hypochondriacus and this Acidity descending into the Guts turns the Choler it there meets into a black Colour from whence it has the name of Atra bilis From the taste of these Humors Bitter Acrid Choler Acid Lympha and Viscid Slime the Famous Sylvius deduces his Notions of all Diseases as the Ancients did from Choler Phlegm and Atra bilis But I will in this Treatise present your Lordship with a larger Scheme of Animal Humors I shall endeavour in this Tract to explain the Virtues of Mineral and Animal Medicines by their Tastes and Smells as I have done that of Vegetables Though Galen did exactly describe the Tastes of Vegetables yet he was wholly perplexed about Minerals and the same is the general fault of the Chymists who attribute wonderful Effects to their Gold Medicines but observe no Taste though the sweet Stypticity is evident in Tincture of Gold from whence it has its Vertue That Vegetables Minerals and Animals have the same kind of Taste at first may seem strange but we must consider that Vegetables receive their Juices from Minerals to prove this I need only instance in Hepatica Terrestris which smells of a Petroleum and Minerals have their Acid Sweet Slimy and Bitter Tastes Out of these the Juices for Vegetables is prepared by Fermentation and the dissolving Power of the Sulphur-Acid in the Air If this Nourishment be ill prepared it keeps its Mineral Nature and petrefies Plants hence Stoney parts are observed in Oaks whilst growing and Coral smells Earthy and Sulphureous like a Flint if two pieces be rubbed together I must farther observe that Animals have their Sweet Bitter Salt and Acrid Tastes from Vegetables which by Putrefaction acquire an Animal Nature yielding Urinous Spirits and all Vegetables become fit Nourishment for Animals by their Fermentation in the Stomach Many Marine Plants such as Sponge have a middle state of Principles betwixt Vegetables and Animals and therefore yield a Volatile Salt like Animals and Fixt like Vegetables I will give one Instance from the greatest of our English Physicians Dr. Willis to shew his Opinion of the usefulness of a Rational from the taste of an Empyrical Medicine in the Chincough from whence he framed his Methodical and Rational Cure of it He examined the Virtue of Cup-moss by the Taste and says Virtutis astrictoriae est atque particulas nonnihil acres salis volatilis copiam redolentes in se continet unde conjectari licebit usum ejus esse sanguinem figere serique fluxiones sedare ac insuper succum nerveum volatilizando diathesin spasmodicam tollere The Virtues of Medicines were first known by the Tastes