FRANCE viz. In the Estates of the CATHO LICK KING to wit In SPAIN as The County of Rousillon where are Perpignan Elne Collioure Salces c. The County of Cerdagne Puy Cerda c. The Principality of Catalogne and County of Barcelone where are Barcelona Girona Vich Solsona Urgel Manressa Cardona Cadegues c. In the LOW COUNTRY as Part of the County of Flanders Gravelines Wasten Part of the County of Artois Arras Hesdin Bappaumes Part of the County of Haynaut Landrochy Part of the Dutchy of Luxenbourg Thionville Damvillers In the FRENCH COUNTY as Part of the Balliages of Gray Vesoul Lure c. Part of the Balliages of Salins Arbois Poligny Bletterans St. Amour Joux c. In divers Lands and Principalities the most part of which are esteemed in the Empire of GERMANY to wit In the Estate of LORRAIN as The Dutchy of Barrois Barle Duc Ligny St. Michael Pont a Moosson The Dutchy of Lorrain Nancy Mirecourt Newchasted on the Meuse Dieuze Sirke c. The Bishoprick of Metz Vic Moyen-Vic Marsal St. Avold Alberstrof Espernay About LORRAIN as The Principality of Sedan The Principality of Arches or Charleville Clermont Stenay Jametz The County of Biche In and about the PALATINATE of the RHINE as Part of the Palatinate of the Rhine Bacharach Creutznach Altzheim Oppenheim Neustat Landau Cermosheim c. Part of the Archbishoprick of Mayence Mayence Bingen c. Part of the Bishoprick of Wormes Wormes Part of the Bishoprick of Spire Spire Udenheim or Philipsbourâ— Part of the Estate of Bade Baden Durlach Pfortzheim c. In ALSACE or ALSATIA as Low Alsace Haguenau Saverne c. Higher Alsace Colmar Schlestat Brisach Newbourg c. County of Pfirt or Ferrette and Country of Sungou Ferrette Tannes Befo rt Blome Landseror c. About ALSACE as The County of Monbeliard c. The Bishoprick of Basle Porentru St. Uâ—sand Dalsperg or Delmont c. The County of Reinfield Reinfield Lanffenbourg Waldshout In the Dutchy of Wirtenberg Hohen-Wiel In Piedmont Pignerol c. In ITALY In the Estates of the Duke of SAVOY to wit In the Principality of Piedmont Turin Suze Avigliane Chivas Santja Ast Quierascq Coni Caours c. In the Marquisate of Saluces Carmagnole Demont In the Estates of MONFERRAT viz. In the Dukedom of Savoy Trin c. In the Dukedom of Mantoua Casal Aqui. On the River of GENES The Principality of Monaco or Morgues Rt. Worshipfull Sr. Iustinian 〈◊〉 of Lamport in Northamptoâ—shire Baronet 〈◊〉 Mapp is Humbly DD. by R. Blome GENERALL MAPP of the KINGDOM of FRANCE Designed by Monsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King FRANCE FRANCE is esteemed the most fertil and powerful Kingdom in Europe and the best next to England that can subsist without the help of others It is seated about the 45th degrees of Latitude It s Scituation which is in the midst of the Temperate Zone It is washed on the East with the Rhine together with an imaginary line drawn from Strasburgh to Calais on the South by the Mediterranean Seas and opens a passage to the Northern Ocean on the West by the Aquitain Sea and on the North by the British Ocean Its Bounds It extends it self from the 42 degrees of Latitude unto the 51 and from the 15th of Longitude to the 29th which makes its length and breadth to be above 200 French Leagues It is contiguous to the Low Countries on the North to Germany and Italy on the East and to Spain on the South It s Soil and Commodities It is of an extraordinary fertil Soil affording three excellent and useful Commodities in great plenty viz. Corn Wine and Salt also Oil Almonds Paper Canvass Linnen both fine and course Oade Corral Skins Nuts Stuffs and several Manufactures Toies and Curiosities It is very plentiful in all Provisions It s People It is exceeding populous and crouded with Towns and Cities once numbring 100000 Parishes which are now reduced to a less number The People are well proportionate and indifferent handsom especially the Men they are of a ready and Mercurial wit of a courteous Behaviour of a hot Brain and soon moved to Broils they are very active and given to Exercises in weighty Affairs both Civil and Martial they are not over subtle their first attempt being like thunder and their end like smoak In matters of Religion they generally follow the Church of Rome in which they are not over strict It would be too tedious to observe all the different Orders and Governments in this Kingdom we will content our selves to say that in the Assemblies of the General Estates where the Nobility Clergy and third Estate have their Seats it is divided into twelve several Government of which four are on this side or if you please Northwards of the Loire four upon and about the Loire and four beyond the South of the Loire The four on this side are Picardy Normandy the Isle of France and Champaigne the four about the Loire are Bretaigne Orleance or Orlenois Bourgogne or Burgundy and Lionois and the four beyond the Loire are Guienne and Gascoigne Languedoc Dauphin and Provence In each Government are several Parts or Countries which are taken notice of in the Geographical Tables of the Kingdom of which in order Goverment of Picardy PICARDY is divided into the Higher and Lower in both of which are divers good Towns in the Lower are 1. Calais called by Coesar Portus Iccius held by the English near 200 years and was then esteemed the Key of the Kingdom it is esteemed one of the best Ports in Picardy seated opposite to Dover in England from which it is distant about eight Leagues once a place of great Trade as being the Staple of English Wools now only of note for its being the receipt of Passengers from this Kingdom to England to and fro 2. Bulloigne a strong Frontier Town towards the Sea 3. Abbeville also a strong Frontier Town In the higher Picardy are 1. Amiens a Frontier City towards Flanaers well fortified and famous for the sudden loss and as sudden and brave regaining it by Henry the Fourth 2. St. Quintin a strong Frontier Town Dukedom of Normandy NORMANDY well watered with Rivers amongst which are the Seine Anon and Orne It is well garnished with Cities and Towns many of which are commodiously seated for Trade by reason of their vicinity to the British Ocean the chief of which are 1. Roan its Metropolis seated in the higher Normandy on the banks of the Seine over which there is a famous Bridge of Boats Here is held one of the Parliaments of France and it is a place of as great Trade as any in France being one of the three principal Towns where Exchanges are used Here the English have a publick Hall allowed them for the sale of English Woolen cloth to which place at certain days they are constrained to expose them to sale 2. Havre de Grace or Now Haven the strongest
Tunis and Tripoli to the Negroes BERDOA is no less Desart than that of Lempta Berdoa but it hath Dates about those places which are inhabited and which are well furnished with Water They count three little walled Cities and some Towns the chief bearing the name of the part Borno and Goaga BORNO and GOAGA are scarce Desart They have each their King He of Borno is of the Race of Berdoa and his People part Black part White are civil and drive some Trade But they have likewise their Wives and Children in common and scarce any Religion as formerly the Garamantes The King of Goaga descended from a Black Slave who having seized on the estate of his Master after having bought some Horses ran over the Neighbouring Countries traded for some time for Slaves against Horses whom he made mount on his and became Master of this Estate more than 200 years ago Part of his People are Christians as those of Egypt but ignorant and almost all Shepherds The chief places in Borno are Amasen Kaugha and Borno the two former seated in the Lake Semegda The chief place of Goaga bears the same The Land of NEGROES The Land of Negroes its Name People and Parts described THE Negroes are People about the River Niger which hath taken its Name from these People and these People from their Colour and not the People from the River as some have believed They are divided into many Parties or Kingdoms of which some are on this side others beyond and others between the Branches of the Niger We have placed on this side the Kingdoms of Gualata Genehoa Tombut Agades Canum Cassena and Gangara Beyond those of Melly Sousos Mandingue Gago Guber Zegzeg and Zanfara Between the Branches and about the Mouths of Niger are a great number of People Kingdoms and Signiories The principal People are the Jaloffes between the Branches of Sanega and Gambea the Casanguas between St. Domingo and Rio Grande and the Biafares beyond and along Rio Grande The most famous Kingdoms of the Jaloffes are those of Sanega and Gambea Among the Casanguas those of Casamanse and Jarem among the Biafares those of Guinala Biguba and Besegue All these Kingdoms and People and likewise the others which are about the Niger are so little known that some think it not worth the pains to set down their Names We will speak only of what shall seem most remarkable Kingdom of Gualata GVALATA is one of the least having in it not above three Towns of which Guadia is the chief besides some few Villages Fruitful in Dates they are coal black live in a mean condition and without any form of Government or settled Laws They have no Gentry among them but to their power are civil to Strangers Kingdom of Geneboa GENEHOA is rich in Grain Cotton Cattle and Gold for which they have a good trade with the Merchants of Barbary and by reason of the overflowing of the Niger the Soil is very fertil yet have they not many Towns that most known is where their King resideth who is a Vassal to the King of Tombut beareth the name of the Kingdom And here it is that their Priests Doctors and Merchants inhabit The Priests and Doctors wear white Apparel and for distinction all the rest wear black or blew Cotton It s other places are Samba-Lamech Ganar and Walade Kingdom of Tombut TOMBVT hath quantity of Gold is well watered with the Niger which makes it very fruitful especially in Grains and it hath good Pastures which feed many Cattle The chief place gives name to the Kingdom scituate on a branch of the River Niger It is the residence of their King who hath a fair Palace built of Lime and Stones all the rest of the Houses except one fair Church is made of Mud and Thatched It is well filled with Merchants who drive a good Trade betwixt this and Fez. This King within this 100 and odd years hath subdued and made tributary a great part of the Negroes is magnificent in his Court of the Mahometan Religion keeps ordinarily 3000 Horse for his Guard and hath marched against the Xeriffs of Morocco with 300000 Men. It s other places are Salla and Berissa also seated on the Niger Gugneve Carogoli and Cassali Kingdom of Agades AGADES hath great quantities of Cattle and are much given to grasing and looking to them making it their livelyhood using the Ancients custom of Tents and removing up and down for the conveniency of fresh and good Pasture for their Cattle and among their Moveable Towns their chief bears the name of the Kingdom in which the King resideth who is Tributary to him of Tombut It s other places are Deghir Mayma and Mura seated on a Lake of the Niger Kingdom of Canum CANVM besides its Cattle hath Grain Rice Cotton and Fruits hath Springs of Running-water as also a good River which issueth forth many little Rivulets it is well stored with Wood is very populous and hath several Towns the chief being Cano wherein is the Palace of their King who is also Tributary to him of Tombut This Town is environed with a Wall of Chalk-Stone of which most of the Houses are built and well frequented by Merchants Its next chief place is Germa Kingdom of Cassena CASSENA is craggy barren and very Woody yet it yields some store of Barley and Millet The People live very meanly wanting many things that the other Kingdoms have plenty of and their Houses and Towns are as poor among which Cassena is the chief next Nebrina and Tirca Kingdom of Gangara GANGARA is rich in Gold hath not many Towns the chief whereof bears the name of the Kingdom in which the King resideth being also the habitation of many Merchants and its King is very absolute and hath a great Revenue His Militia is in some esteem among the Negroes being observed to keep in continual pay 500 Horsmen and 7000 Men which use Bows and Scimitars The next is Semegonda seated on a branch of the Niger Kingdom of Melly MELLY is a spacious and fruitful Kingdom seated all along on a branch of the River Niger which makes it very fertil in Corn Cattle Dates Fruits Cotton Wool c. And by reason of the conveniency of the said River hath a good Trade for their Commodities with other Countries It s chief Town takes its name from the Kingdom containing about 6000 Houses indifferently well built but unwalled It is the Seat-Royal of their King they have likewise here a famous Colledge and many Temples which are well furnished with Priests and Doctors who read the Mahometan Law and under whom the youth of this Kingdom as also those of Tombut and other parts of the Negroes are educated These People are esteemed the most ingenious the wittiest and most civil to Strangers of all the Negroes Their King is also tributary to the King of Tombut Kingdom of Souson SOVSOS hath divers
serious to their King are very obedient true and loving in Adversity patient they are much addicted to Women are great braggers and exceeding proud though scarce Masters of a single Ryal In matters of Religion they are Roman Catholicks in which they are very devout not admitting the publick exercise of any other Religion throughout the Kingdom Spain is divided into fourteen Kingdoms or Principalities which are set down in the Geographical Table of the said Kingdom and to these fourteen Principalities we may add the Isles of Baleares seated in the Mediterranean Sea which comprehendeth Majorca Minorca and Yvisa and all these Kingdoms have formerly been reduced into three Estates which they call Castile Arragon and Portugal But to proceed to its several parts Kingdom of Leon. LEON called by some the Kingdom of Leon and Oviedo hath for its chief places 1. Leon by some called Legio as supposed that the eleventh Legion quartered here which was called Legio Germanica 2. Avilez seated on the Sea-shoar 3. Salamanca of note for having the most famous Academy or all Spain 4. Astorga and 5. Placentia Kingdom of Castile CASTILE severed into the Old and the New or first and last gained or conquered from the Moors The Old Castile is seated Northwards of the New and hath for its chief places 1. Burgos famous as contending with Toledo for the primacy of all Spain 2. Validolid a neat and fair City and a University honoured with the Birth-place of King Philip the Second who erected a Colledge for the English Papistical Fugitives 3. Numatia famous for defending it self against the Romans for fourteen years and at last left Scipio nothing else but a pile of Ashes for his Triumph and 4. Segovia a place of note for Clothing here made The New Castile boasts of Madrid for its chief place though but a Village but is the greatest in all the World and may compare with many Cities in Europe and its Territory although neither pleasant nor abundant yet is made both by the residence of the Kings of Spain 2. Yoledo seated on the Tagus and almost in the heart of all Spain a fair City beautified with stately Edifices its Walls are strong whereon are placed about fifty Towrs of Stone It is honoured with a University famous for the study of the Civil and Canon Laws 3. Alcantara of note for its Order of Knights so called 4. Alcala de Henares dignified with an University And 5. Cuenca seated at the Spring-head of the Xucar nigh to which is the stately Palace of the Escurial or St. Lawrence built by King Philip the Second a place of such magnificence that neither times past came near it nor present doth equal it In this large and stately structure are Eleven several Quadrangles every one incloistred all expressing a Peruvian Treasure to have been spent in the building them and is of such beauty and magnificence that a voyage to Spain were not lost to see it Kingdom of Navar. NAVAR for Antiquity may claim the second place of all the fourteen Kingdom It hath for its Eastern bounds the Pyrenean Mountains It s chief places are 1. Pamplona a place more famous for her Fortification than her Negotiation 2. Viana once the Title of the Prince of Navar near which Caesar Borgio was slain by an Ambush 3. Estella 4. Tudela 5. Olite and 6. Sanguessa all good Cities This Country was one of the first that with success opposed the Moors Seigniory of Biscay BISCAY by reason of its Mountainous and Woody scituation is the only Countrey of all Spain that remained unconquered by the Moors and for its many Iron-Mines is called the Armory of Spain The chief places are 1. Bilboa a Town of grat Trade Riches and much frequented by Merchants seated two miles distant from the Ocean and aboundeth in Wines Cattle and the best Blades known by the name of Bilboa-Blades 2. St. Sebastian another noted Town for Traffick 3. Andero all Sea-port Towns 4. Victoria and is Tolosetta Cities of some account Kingdom of Asturie ASTVRIE or Oviedo hath for its chief place Oviedo which gave name to the Territory which conjoyns with that of Leon. Kingdom of Gallicia GALLICIA a Mountainous Countrey like Asturie hath for its chief places 1. St. Jago de Compostella or St. Jago in honour of St. James who here lieth interr'd it is honoured with the See of an Archbishoprick and an Vniversity and in one of the Churches are kept the Relicks of St. James which are much reverenced 2. Bajona seated at the Mouth of the River Minius 3. Coronna not far from the Promontory of Nerius 4. Mondonnedo 5. Luge and 6. Tuy seated on the River Minho The Kingdom of PORTVGAL This Kingdom of Portugal as united with that of Algarve and divided from the Dominions of Castile contains the Kingdoms of Portugal and Algarve It enjoyeth a sweet and healthful Air for most part is hilly and not very grateful to the Husbandman but that defect is recompenced by their abundance of Wine Oil Fruits Hony Fish White Marble Salt Its Commodities Allom c. which are the product of the Country This Kingdom is about 320 Miles in length and about 120 in breadth Extent Number of Parishes in which compass are said to be about 1460 Parishes and many Nunneries and Religious Houses Its Fruits are excellent by reason of which here are abundance of Confectioners It is well watered with Rivers having near 200 great and small the chief of which is the Tagus The People are esteemed more honest plain It s People and of a simpler behaviour than the rest of Spain and more devout in matters of Religion The chief Places in thir Kingdom are 1. Lisbona said to be built by Vlysses in his ten years Travels seated on the Tagus convenient for Navigation and of a great resort and trade it is in compass about seven miles in which may be numbred about twenty thousand well built Houses and hath thirty and odd Parish Churches and on its Walls are about sixty Turrets and Towers which renders a pleasing shew to the Beholders towards the Continent it is seated on five small Hills betwixt which is a Valley which runs down to the River Duero whose entrance is defended by a Castle and this City being the Metropolis of the Kingdom is the residence of the Kings of Portugal and the See of an Archbishop 2. Braga once the chief of the Kingdom now dignified with the See of an Archbishop 3. Miranda seated on the Duero an Episcopal See 4. Santaren seated on the Tagus 5. Sintra upon the main Atlantick at the end of high Mountains which for the pleasure of the Woods here adjacent as also for the refreshings which come from the Sea is the usual retirement of the Kings of Portugal in the heat of Summer 6. Coimbra seated on the River Mondego of a pleasant scituation being amongst Vineyards and Woods of Olives dignified with an Episcopal
value erected by the Senators which for their Grandure are fit to lodge and entertain any Prince in Christendom most of which are seated on the Grand Canal Also the Royal and proud Palace of the Duke deserves a particular description which for its largness beauty and riches as well in its fabrick without as in its Pictures and Statues within exceeds all others then the Tribunals or Courts of Justice the Senate-house or great Hall Its Arsenal or Magazine of War being about two miles in circuit encompassed with high Walls and the Sea having but one place or Gate for entrance and only one Channel for Ships to pass in and out at and here is kept always in readiness about two hundred Gallies with all things fit for a Voyage or fight also here are kept a thousand Coats of Plate garnished with Gold and covered with Velvet but above all its Church of St. Mark which for its exteriour and interiour beauty and richness of its Ornaments have deservedly made this City famous and in this Church according to report lyeth the body of St. Mark the Patron of this City which was brought hither from Alexandria In this City are seventeen rich Hospitals 56 Tribunals 67 Parish Churches 26 Monasteries of Nuns 54 Convents of Fryars 18 Chappels and six Free-Schools for the increase of Learning It s Piazza or broad place of St. Mark adorned with sumptuous Fabricks Statues c. is a place much frequented by the Gentry This City is the only place where Policy Warfare and Merchandize have embraced one another the Gentry are here held in such esteem that it is held for the greatest honour they can bestow upon the best deserver to make him a Gentleman of this City and from them the Sonatours are chosen and out of them the Duke who in a manner is only titular not having the Regal power his Salary which is paid him out of the Common Treasury is forty thousand Duccals yearly In this Estate are two Patriarchs and 34 Bishops Dukedom of Mantoua The Dukedom of MANTOVA seated Northwards of the Estates of Venice It s chief City is so called a place of good strength encompassed on the sides with Water about a quarter of a mile broad and on the other side with a Wall it is seated on a River which emptieth it self into the Po. In this City Virgil that famous Poet was born Dukedom of Modena The Dukedom of MODENA formerly joyned to that of Mantoua hath for its chief City Modena famous for the Battle between Anthony and Augustus where Hirtius and Pansa the two Consults were slain and Anthony lost the day This place is the residence of its Dukes as Mantoua is of hers Dukedoms of Parma and Placentia The Dukedom of PARMA and PLACENTIA Northwards of Mantoua hath for its chief place Parma seated in a fruitful Plain five miles from the Appenuines It is about four miles in circuit adorned with many rich and stately Structures is very populous and well inhabited by Gentry who are much addicted to Learning and Arms it hath a fair and spacious Campagnia which feeds abundance of Sheep and here the Duke hath his Palace which is a place of great delight and state This Country boasts of its Parmasan-Cheese so much esteemed by some The chief place of Placenza is so called it is seated on the Po comodious for Traffick and famous for its Fairs in Exchanges here quarterly kept which are much resorted unto it is about five miles in compass a place of good strength and beauty being adorned with many fair and rich Structures and Churches Bishoprick of Trent The Bishoprick of TRENT whose chief City bears its names it is seated in a Plain and surrounded with Mountains of an excessive height being always covered with Snow by reason of which it is more fit for Wines than Corn. The City is not large but indifferent strong its Houses are fair and stately its Streets large its Churches beautiful and richly adorned and its Royal Palace sumptuous and stately This City is famous for the general Council there held for the establishment of the Roman Catholick Religion ITALY particularly so called The second part of Italy according to our method will contain the Estates of the CHVRCH and TOSCANE which may again be subdivided into others which are taken notice of in the Geographical Tables of which in order Territory of Ferraresse The Territory of FERRARESSE about 160 miles in length and 50 in breadth had once Dukes of its own but now belongs to the Pope its chief place is Ferrara so called from the Iron-Mines about it it is seated on the Po which serves as a Rampire to defend it on the one side as doth a strong Wall well fortified with a spacious Mote on the other side it is about five miles in compass beautifully built and adorned with superb Edifices and is accounted one of the pleasantest Cities in Italy having in the midst thereof a spacious Green into which doth open about 20 Streets most of which are about half a mile in length and so even and uniform that from thence the utmost ends of each may be easily discovered It is well inhabited rich and dignified with an Vniversity Province of Bolognois The Province of BOLOGNOIS Eastwards of Modena hath for its chief place Bologna once the head of 12 Cities it is seated on the River Aposa and in a large and fertil Territory for Corn Wine Fruits and Olives it is about five miles in circuit and begirt with a Wall This City is adorned with many fair and proud Buildings in which they observe a uniformity amongst which is the Pope's Palace for his retirement which for grandure and statelyness is fit to give entertainment to any Prince in Christendom It is dignified with the chief Vniversity of Italy famous for the study of the Civil Law it is proudly built having spacious Courts Province of Romandiola ROMANDIOLA or ROMAGNE Eastwards of Bolognese hath for its chief places 1. Ravenna seated on the Adriatick and once a place of good account having one of the fairest Havens in the World which is now choaked up This City was the seat of the Emperour Honorius and his Successors then of the Gothish Kings and lastly of its Patriarch but now as its Haven is choaked up so is the Land covered with water which makes it become useless 2. Rimini seated on the mouth of the River Rubicon 3. Cervia seated on the Adriatick Sea a place where so great quantity of Salt is made that the Popes part is valued yearly at 60000 Crowns and 4. Faenza Dukedom of urbin The Dutchy or Dukedom of VRBIN not long since fallen to the Holy Seat it lying in the midst of his Territories It s chief places are 1. Vrbin seated at the bottom of the Appennine formed like a Miter 2. Belfort seated in the Midland 3. Fano a Sea-port Town to Vrbin where the English do
Wax Commodities and excellent Warlike Horses whose Manes are said to hang down to their feet their Fruits are good and in great plenty and the Earth is inriched with Mines of several Metals It is seated in the Northern Temperate Zone between the 7th and 10th Climates which makes the longest day to be 17 hours It s People The People are well made and proportionate they are head-strong resolute in their Opinions and of no ready wit they use the Sclavonian Language they are Christians and follow the Greek Church The Kingdom at present is divided into several Provinces as in the Geographical Table of Turkey in Europe is set down all which are subject to the Grand Signior Province of Transilvania The Province of TRANSILVANIA hath for its chief places 1. Waranine far engaged towards the West and it is a frontier Town to Hungaria and of some account and strength 2. Hermensted more towards Moldavia 3. Weisenburg 4. Burges 5. and Hanyad Province of Bosnia The Province of BOSNIA hath for its chief place 1. Saraih the Metropolitan City seated in a fruitful Valley which on the North and South sides are immured with ridges of pleasant Hills of an easie ascent This City is said to contain about 80 Mescheetoes and about 20000 Houses which for the most part are but meanly built 2. Bagnialuch once the residence of the Bosnian Kings and 3. Jayeza the usual Sepulchre of those Kings Province of Servia The Province of SERVIA whose chief Cities are 1. Belgrade once the Bulwark of Christendom valiantly resisting the power of Amurath the 6th and Mahomet the Great but yielded to Solyman Anno 1520 when this whole Country became a Turkish Province 2. Stonebourgh once the Seat of its Despot and 3. Samandria Province of Bulgaria The Province of BVLGARIA hath for its chief places 1. Sofia the Seat of the Beglerbeg of Greece under whom are 21 Sangiacs seated almost in the midst of a long and fruitful Valley beautified with many fair Hanes and Baths the chief of which hath hot Fountains It s Colledge is magnificent and its Mescheetoes are many and beautiful especially that in the midst of the City which is the largest and here the doors of the houses of the Christians and Jews are not above 3 foot high which is so made to keep out the Turkish Horses who would else in their Travels make them serve instead of Stables so great is the slavery that they live under 2. Oesco 3. Novi 4. Durostoro and 5. Destor all which are seated on the Danube 6. Proslavia seated at the mouth of one of the branches of the Danube at its fall into the Euxine Sea 7. Calutra and 8. Varna both seated on the Euxine or Black Sea Province of Moldavia The Province of MOLDAVIA whose chief places are 1. Zuccania once the Seat of the Vaivod 2. Sotzowa and 3. Lazy both good Cities Country of Bessarabia To the Province of Moldavia doth belong the small Country of BESSARABIA which lieth between Podolia and Bulgaria and is commodiously seated on the Black Sea It s chief places are Kherman or Moncastro the Seat of the Turkish Sargiack seated on the River Tyras not far from its influx into the Sea and 2. Kilia also seated on the Euxine Sea Province of Walachia The Province of WALACHIA being divided from Bulgaria by the Danube and is esteemed the richest Province in all Dacia It s chief places are 1. Targovisco the Seat of the Vajuods 2. Domboviza and 3. Brailonum GREECE The Parts of Greece The rest of Turkey in Europe may be comprehended under the name of GREECE which is divided into several parts to wit Romania which answers to the ancient Thrace Macedonia whose divers parts have received divers names as that of Jamboli of Camenolitaria of Migdonia or particular Macedonia Albania and Thessaly which is now called Junna Epirus now Canina Achaia and Aetolla now Livadia and Peloponnesus now the Morea Its Bounds GREECE esteemed the Mother of Arts and Sciences hath for its Eastern bounds the Egean Sea the Hellespont Propontis and Thracian Bosphorus and for its Western the Adriatick Sea and Italy It is seated in the Northern Temperate Zone under the 5th and 6th Climates the longest day being 15 hours It s sertllity and Commoties The Soil without doubt is very rich and fruitful and would be very prositable to the Husbandman if pains were taken in tilling it but the Great Turk seizing on their Estates when and as often as he pleaseth makes them careless to cultivate it yet here are found several good Commodities which are transported to other places as Wines Oils Silk both raw and wrought into severai Manufactures as Velvets Damasks c. also Gragrams Brimstone Copper Vitriol Cottons Sopes Carpets Cute Currants Cuminseed Anniseeds c. The Ancient and present Greeks The Grecians though a scattered People since the Turks became Masters of their Country vet still retain their Name Religion Customs and Language as indeed they do in all other places where they live They were once a Nation so excellent that their Precepts and Examples do yet remain as approved Canons to direct the mind to Vertue they were Lovers of freedom every way noble in matters of Government famous in Arms glorious in Arts admirable and to whom the rest of the World were held Barbarians but since they became under the Turkish yoke for the generaliay their Spirits are so low that their knowledge is turned into ignorance their liberty into contented slavery their Vertues into Vices and their industry in Arts and Sciences into idleness They are much addicted to drink and dancing for which they had the name of Merry Greeks they are of a good proportion and of a swarthy complexion their Women are well favoured brown and excessively amorous in matters of Habit they differ little from those amongst whom they live The Christian Faith was here established by Timothy to whom St. Paul wrote two Epistles The Fathers which this Church most adhereth unto are Chrysostom Basil and the two Gregories and the Church is governed by Patriarchs one of Constantinople another of Alexandria another of Jerusalem and another of Antioch freely exercising their Religion which differeth much from the Church of Rome as I shall in place elsewhere take notice oâ— and have every where their Temples and Monasteries If a Patriarch die another is elected by the Synod of Bishops Famous Men here bred This Country hath bred several famous Men as Alexander the Subverter of the Persian Monarchy Xenophon Plutarch Herodotus and Thucydides famous Historiographers Epaminondas Pyrrhus Miltiades and Aristides Captains Plato Aristotle Socrates and Theophrastus Divine Philosophers Demosthenes Aeschines and Isocrates eloquent Oratours with several others too tedious to name but to proceed to the Provinces Province of Romania ROMANIA particularly so called a Country of it self neither of a rich Soyl nor pleasant Air more
several other Ceremonies the Bride is put in a Sledge and drawn to the Bridegrooms house where the Wedding is kept and he following her on Horseback and as soon as they are come the said Woman conducts the Bride to her Chamber undresses her and lays her in Bed during which time the Bridegroom and his Friends are seated at a Table well furnished with Meat the Bride being laid in her Bed the Woman fetches the Bridegroom from the Table who is accompanied with about eight young Men beating in their hands lighted Torches to conduct him to the Chamber which being entred they put them in the said Barrels of Corn and void the Room being each of them presented with two Martins Skins the Bride perceiving him coming gets out of the Bed putting a Gown about her and receives him very submissively and this is the first time he hath the sight of her face then they sit down at Table and having eaten go to Bed all quitting the Room and at the Door is placed one of the Old Servants who is to demand if the business is done and when he saith it is the Timbrels Trumpets c. play till such time as the Stoves are made ready where they hath themselves but apart and the two next days are spent in dancing entertainments and diversions but for Citizens and Persons of a meaner Degree less Ceremonies are used and with lesser-state and cost The Wedding being past the Bride betakes her self to a retir'd condition being not much permitted the liberty of the Streets nor do their Husbands especially the Richer sort care they should be brought to Houswifry so that they bestow their time in Idleness and playing with their Maids and as some say they are not well contented unless their Husbands gives them bâ—ating being like Spaniels the more they are beaten the better they love Divorcements are frequent amongst them for when they have a desire to part they accuse her of Adultery or want of Devotion by suborning of false Witnesses by which they are contented without answering for themselves Their Religion is the same with the Greek Church of which they are a Member Their Religion but full of Superstition as considering the Virgin Mary the Evangelists Apostles with abundance of other Saints not only as simple Intercessors but also Co-operators and Causes of their Salvation giving to their Saints and Images the same honour as is due only to God They differ from the Romish and Reformed Churches in several points as 1. Forbidding extream Vnction Confirmation and fourth Marriages 2. Denying the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son 3. Denying Purgatory but allow praying for the Dead 4. They hold it unlawful to fast on Saturdays 5. They reject graven or carved Images but allow of the painted 6. They observe four Lents every year 7. Communicating in both kinds but mixing warm Water with the Wine and using leavened Bread which they distribute both together with a Spoon 8. They admit Children of seven years of Age to come to the Sucrament 9. They admit of none to Orders but such as are married and forbidding the same to those that are in actual Orders And 10. Believing that Holy men before the Resurrection enjoy not the presence of God and for these and the like Tenents there is a great feud and hatred between them and the Papists The Moscovites suffer all Nations to live amongst them in quietness and give toleration to all Religions except the Jews and Papists whom they will not permit amongst them They are great observers of Festival-days of which they have abundance all which are not observed except by the Priests but their great Festival-days are strictly observed as also Sundays on which they go thrice a day to their Devotions Their Service consisteth in reading of Chapters and Psalms saying or rather singing of certain Prayers St. Athanasius's Creed Ceremonies observed by them together with a Homily out of St. Chrysostom they are such great Adorers of the Cross that they will undertake no business neither eat or drink before they have made the sign of the Cross also they are as great worshippers of painted Images there being scarce a Family without them and also have them placed about the walls of their Churches directing their Prayers to them and these Images are adorned with Pearls and Precious Stones and if it happen that any person is Excommunicated both He and his Images are not allowed the liberty of the Churches which are esteemed Sacred places by them and are built round and vaulted like a Dove-house in imitation of Heaven Their Devotion is performed standing or kneeling having no Seats in their Churches and in their Communions they hold Transubstantiation They are strict observers of Fasts of which they have a great many Their Fasts besides every Wednesday and Friday on which they will not eat any kind of Flesh nor that which comes from it Their Funerals In their Funerals they also observe several Ceremonies As soon as the sick person is deceased they send for all his Relations and Friends near at hand who stand by him lamenting his loss in a howling tone demanding why he would die whether he wanted any thing whether his Wife was constant to him or the like ridiculous Questions Also they send to the Priest a Present of Aqua-vitae Hydromel and Beer that he may pray for the Soul of the deceased Their Lamentations being ended they wash the Body of the deceased put a clean Shift and Shroud about him as also a pair of new Buskins on his feet and so lay him in the Coffin and carry him to Church the Priest going first who carrieth the Image of his Saint and being come to the Grave the Coffin is uncovered and whilst the Priest says certain Prayers the said Image is held over the Corps and the Wife Relation and Friends kiss him and take their last farewel in grievous Lamentations then the Priest puts betwixt his fingers a piece of Paper which is a Pass directed to St. Peter signed by the Patriarch or the Metropolitan of the place wherein is declared what he is how he lived in obedience to the Church c. as also a penny in his Mouth after which the Coffin is covered and the Corps interr'd with his face to the East then the People doing their devotions to the Images return to the House of the deceased where they dine and comfort up the Widow Their usual time of Mourning is forty days in which time they make three Feasts for the Friends of the deceased They hold Baptism of great importance Baptism insomuch that they Baptize their Children so soon as born and if it happen that through weakness the Child cannot be brought to the Church then it is baptized at home and in this they observe several Ceremonies And the Child being baptized the Priest assigns it a particular Saint the Image of which he delivers to the Godfather charging
in memory of his great Victory And 8. Issus seated on a large Bay famous for the Battel here fought between Alexander with an inconsiderable Army of Macedonians and Darius and his vast Army which consisted of about 600000 Assyrians whereof about 160000 of the Persians were slain and about 40000 taken Prisoners in which Battel the Wives and Daughters of Darius were taken Alexander not losing above 200 of his Men. On the Right-hand of Cilicia is Isauria which may bear the name of a Province It is fruitful in Vines and several sorts of Fruits having a rich Soil The chief Cities are 1. Claudiopolis into which Claudius the Emperour brought a Roman Colony And 2. Seleucia founded by Seleucus The Province of Caria bounded and its chief places described CARIA hath for its Southern bounds the Carpathian Sea It s chief places are 1. Miletus not far from the Hill Latmus the Birth-place of Thales one of the 7 Wise-men of Greece to this place St. Pauls called together the Bishops of Ephesus and other of the adjoyning Cities 2. Mindus which being but a small City and its Gates so big made Diogenes the Cynick to cry out to have them shut their Gates lest the City should run out at them 3. Milasa famous in old time for two Temples dedicated to Jupiter And 4. Borgylia where Diana also had a Temple In this Country is the Hill Latmus which was the retiring place of Endymion who by the study of Astronomy did there find out the Changes and Courses of the Moon by the Poets feigned to be her Favourite others there be who would have it that in a Cave under this Hill Jupiter hid him and casting him in a deep sleep descended sometimes to kiss him The Province of Ionia bounded with its chiefest places IONIA bounded on the West with the Aegean Sea Places of note in this Country are 1. Ephesus famous for many things as First for being the Burial-place of St. John the Evangelist who as some say went here alive into the Grave Secondly for the Temple of Diana which for its Greatness Furniture and stately Workmanship was accounted one of the Wonders of the World Thirdly for St. Pauls directing an Epistle to the Inhabitants thereof Fourthly for being the Episcopal See of Timothy the Evangelist first Bishop hereof And Fifthly for its Ecclesiastical Council here but now much ruined from its ancient beauty it being now reduced to a small Village 2. Smyrna which is now the only City of Trade in these parts famous for being one of the 7 Churches of Asia to which St. John dedicated his Revelation being one of those 7 Cities that strove for the Birth of Homer where in a Cave hard by he is said to have writ his Poems But now violated by the Mahometans her Beauty is turned into Deformity her Religion into Impiety and her knowledge into Barbarism This City is seated on the bottom of a Bay or Gulph called the Gulph of Smyrna where the English French and Venetians keep Consuls to protect their Merchants and keep up their Trade it being under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Signior 3. Colophon another of those Cities which strove for the Birth of Homer Here the People are so well skill'd in Horsemanship that whose side soever they took in War were sure to gain the Victory 4. Erythra the habitation of one of the Sibyls from whence called Sibylla Erythraea 5. Ipsus remarkable for the great Battel betwixt Antigonus and Seleucus two of Alexanders chief Commanders wherein Antigonns lost both the day and his life 6. Lebedus of note in ancient times for those Plays here yearly held in honour to Bacchus 7. Priene the Birth-place of Bias one of the 7 Wise-men of Greece And 8. Clazomene seated on a small Ilet near the shoar beautified with a Temple dedicated to Apollo The Province of Aeolis and its chief places AEOLIS North of Ionia hath for its chief places 1. Cuma the habitation of Sibylla Surnamed Cumana 2. Elaea on the Mouth of Caicus being the Port-Town to Pergamus 3. Myrina which in honour to Augustus is called Sebastopolis 4. Pitane not far from the Aegean Sea and here they had an art in making Bricks that would swim above water The Province of Lydia and its chief places LYDIA It s chief Cities are 1. Sardis in which was one of the 7 Churches in Asia being the Royal Seat of Croesus and the Kings of Lydia until it was subdued by the Persians and 2. Philadelphia on the Banks of the River Caystrus It s People are said to be the first Inventers of Dice Chess and other such Games as also the first Hucksters Pedlers and the first Coyners of Mony The Country by reason of the great plenty of gallant Rivers renders it very fruitful and pleasant being enriched with Mines of Gold and Silver as also precious Stones The Province of Phrygia Major bounded and its chief places PHRYGIA MAJOR bounded on the East with Galatia The chief places are 1. Gordion the Seat of Gordius which from the Plough-tail was taken and chosen King of this Kingdom who tied such a Knot called the Gordian-knot which Alexander the Great cut in pieces when he could not unty it 2. Midium the Seat of Midas Son to this Gordius who covetously petitioned Bacchus that whatsoever he touched should be turned into Gold which was granted but soon was forced to lose the benefit of it else he would have been starved his Victuals turning into Gold and falling into a second oversight in Judgment in preferring Pan's Pipe before Apollo's Harp he for his small Judgment in Musick was rewarded with a comly pair of Asses-ears 3. Colossi to whom St. Paul writ one of his Epistles 4. Pesinus where the goddess Cybele was worshipped being called Dea Pesinuncia This City is placed in the Borders of Galatia The Country is very rich pleasant and well watered with Rivers the People being anciently more Superstitious than in any other place of Asia as is manifest by the Rites used in their Sacrifices of Cybele and other of their goddesses being accounted such as use Divination They are a People which much delight in Effeminacy Here Reigned Tantalus who wanting wisdom to make use of his great Riches is by the Poets feigned to stand in Hell up to the chin in water under a Tree whose Fruit doth touch his Lips but yet cannot reach them The Province of Phrygia Minor bounded with its chief places PHRYGIA MINOR bounded on the South with the Aegean Sea Places of most note viz. 1. Dardanum or Dardania being the Town and Patrimony of Aeneas 2. Troy seated on the Banks of the River Scamander famous for having sustained a Ten years Siege against the Greeks in which time the Trojans lost 860000 Men and the Grecians 666000 Men being then so famous a City that it might be counted the glory of the East from whence all Nations desire to derive their beginning but now
of the enjoyment of Men and they so much of them In their Apparel as also in the furniture of their Houses they are very costly The Women are here delivered without pain and not having the use of a Midwife or any one but her self and no sooner is she delivered but she is about her occasions not observing the custom among us in keeping their Chamber a month together Most of them live to the age of 100 years and that in perfect health but these are not the Portugals but are the Natives which are Pagans and Benjans To this City do resort Merchants from Arabia Persia Armenia Cambaya Bengala Siam Pegu China Java Malacca and from several other Countries it being the Staple of all Indian Commodities In the heart of the City is a Street where every morning from seven to nine not only the Merchants meet for the vending and buying of Commodities which are here set forth for sale like our Fairs but also the Gentry of the City meet as well to hear news as to satisfie their fancies in the sight of the Commodities And besides this Street every Trade hath its particular Street one Trade not intermixing with another Besides Goa the Land of the Bardes the Islles of Salsette of Coran of Divar and some other Lands about Goa are the Portugals As likewise the City of Chaul on the Coast where they have a great Trade of Silk and from these places they have their provision brought them and that at very easie rates for the Island of it self is so barren that it will scarce produce any thing Decan taken altogether hath one King alone which they call Idolcan or Dialcan The Great Mogoll hath taken from him some places in the particular Decan and the Portugals Goa Chaul and some other places on the Coast This Prince is yet powerful at least in regard of the Indians He hath taken Dabul from the Portugals and ruined it He once besieged Chaul and divers times Goa leading in his Armies near 200000 men In fine he made Peace with the Portugals the Vice-Roy of the East-Indies for the Crown of Portugal having always an Ambassador at the Idolcans Court and the Idolcan having one at Goa with the Vice-Roy And though this Prince is so powerful in men and so well provided with Ammunition and his Artillery greater and better then any Prince about him yet is he become Tributary to the Great Mogoll Its Commodities All the Country is good fruitful watered with several Rivers hath store of precious Stones of Cotton and Silk of which they make divers Manufactures of Pepper of Fruits and other Commodities The Inhabitants or Natives of the Country are Pagans and for the most part Benjans but eat any kind of Flesh except that of an Ox Cow Buffe Swine or Wild-Bore A Swine they abhor but have a great veneration for a Cow or an Ox. But as to the manner of their life as in their Marrriages Interments Purifications and other Ceremonies in their Religion as also in their Habits and Houses which are very mean their Houses being made of Straw and withal small and low having no light but what enters in at the door which is not so high as a mans Waist In which their chiefest furniture and houshold-stuffs are Mats to lie upon in the night on which they also eat their Meat their Dishes Drinking-cups c. are made of Fig-leaves which they daub and plaister together In these and the like Ceremonies and Customs they imitate the Benjans aforementioned The rest of the people which here inhabit are Mahometans and Jews which here enjoy the freedom of their Religion but the Subjects of the King of Portugal are Catholicks those of the English Protestants GOLCONDA The Kingdom of Golconda its bounds and extent THe name of GOLCONDA hath been known but for few years nevertheless this is a powerful and rich Kingdom but which hath been confounded with the name of Orixa It is upon the Gulph of Bengala which it regards towards the East and South neighbouring on the Mogolls and the Kingdom of Bengala towards the North. It stretches 200 Leagues on the Coast in length and near 100 up in the Land in breadth It yields 20 Millions of yearly Revenue is very well peopled and its People addicted to all sorts of Manufactures They make Cotton Pintado's so artificially and with such lively colours that it is esteemed better than Silk They build great Ships trade to Mecca Aquem Bengala Pegu and throughout all the Indies It s chief places or Fortresses There are in this Estate 66 Castles and Fortresses where the ordinary Garrisons are kept and these Castles are on inaccessible Rocks which they call Conda Golconda which the Persians call Hidrabrand is the chief and residence of the King it is distant from the Port of Musulipatan about 60 Leagues which is a fair City seated on an Arm of the Sea adjoyning to the Kingdom of Bisnagar and not far from Cape Guadavari Hath its Air pleasant its Soil fruitful of about 5 or 6 Leagues circuit nor doth its King yield much to the Great Mogoll in Riches precious Stones in store of Elephants or all sorts of magnificence But his Estates being much less and his People less warlike constraineth him to send him every year 400000 Pagodes in form of Tribute The Country rich in Diamonds and Precious Stones This Country moreover hath no Mines of Gold Silver or Copper some it hath of Iron and Steel but many of Diamonds and other precious Stones so rich and abundant that in 1622 the King caused it to be shut up and the labour to cease fearing lest the too great quantity should make them neglected Others say for fear it should draw the Great Mogoll into his Estates Condapoli its chief Fortress is so great that in circumference it contains six others and these six are one above the other each having Wood Fruits and Land sufficient to maintain the Garrisons destined for their defence which amount to 12000 Men. Candavara is another Fortress 15 or 16 Leagues from Condapoli and thence at certain intervals there are Towers on which with certain Lights they give signal of all that passes in the Country On the Sea-Coast or Gulph of Bengala are seated several Towns some of which are well known by Merchants as Guadavari which gives name to a Cape on which it is seated Vixaopatan Narsingapatan Pulacate Palhor Manicapatan Calecote Caregara on the Cape Segogora or Das Palmas Polarin Contiripatan and others The Portugals have a Fortress at Masulipatan which is one of the best Ports of the Country the City is not walled and belong to the Prince The Air and fertility of the Country The Air is every where healthful the Soil fertil producing twice or thrice a year Grains Fruits c. almost all different from ours Their Seasons are distinguished in three manners they have very great heats in March April May and June and that is
Gueyes Timocoves c. who have in part taken and received the manners and barbarousness of the Tartars their Neighbours Its parts and chief places Cochin-china likewise is divided into Chiampaa and Cochin-china Chiampaa between Camboja and Cochin-china regards the Isles of Sonde towards the South the Philippines towards the East and touches on Tunquin to the North. It s principal City bears the same name according to most Authors but according to others Pulocacein It hath nothing which is not common to Cochin-china and therefore we shall say no more Cochin-china particularly taken is better known than all the neighbouring Countries because it is wholly upon the Sea having 150 Leagues of Coast and not above 40 or 50 in breadth between the Mountains of Kemois a barbarous People and the Sea Its Provinces are descending from North to South Sinuva Cacciam Quangiva Quingin or Pulacambis and Ranran The two first touch upon Tunquin the last touch on the Kingdom of Chiampaa The King makes his ordinary residence in the Province of Sinuva or at Cacciam Cities of the same name with their Provinces It s fertility commoditiâ— temperature and people All the Country is fertil abounding in Rice Fruits and Herbs breeding many Fowls and Beasts and the Sea excellent Fishes It produces Cinnamon Pepper Lignum Aquilae Calamba and Benjamin It s temperature is pleasant though under the Torrid Zone the Air healthful and the Soil so abundant in all things that the Inhabitants have no knowledge either of Contagion or Famine They have Gold Silver Silk Porcelain and divers other valuable Commodities All sorts of Nations frequent its Coast by reason of the goodness of its Ports and because its Inhabitants are Courteous Liberal kind to Strangers and faithful in their dealings They are couragious and more warlike than those of Tunquin or China handling all sorts of Arms with no small activity They are Idolaters Christianity was introduced in 1620 and began to flourish but their Kings have of date very much persecuted them Amongst the particularities and rarities of the Country we must place the Lutt an Inundation which in Autumn covers with its Waters almost all the Country it renews from 15 to 15 days remaining only 3 days at a time making the Earth so fruitful that it brings forth its increase twice or thrice a year Their Saroy-Boura Several Rarities here found or matter wherewith certain Swallows make their Nests which after those Birds leave dry and hardned they gather in great quantities which being steeped and moistned in Water serves for Sawce to all sorts of Meat and as formerly Manna communicating such a variety of taste that it seems to be composed of Cinnamon Cloves Pepper and other Spices Their Lignum Aquilae and Calamba come from the same Tree the first from the Trunk of a young Tree the last from the Trunk of an old Tree but this last is much more esteemed than the other both for its odour and vertue A pound of it on the place where it is beaten down is worth 5 Ducats being brought to the Port 15 or 16 and if transported to Japan 200. If some piece be found to make a whole Pillar it is worth 3 or 400 Ducats the pound The Lignum Aquilae amongst other things serves to burn the dead Bodies of their Kings Princes and Priests Wood as heavy as Iron and which consumes not except burnt Among the Wood they use for Buildings there are two sorts which they call uncorruptible whether in Water or Earth their Trees they call Thins the Wood of the one is near as black as Ebony the other near the colour of Yew Both the one and the other taken out of the Bark is smooth and glib so solid and weighty that it sinks to the bottom of the Water and serves also for Anchors for Ships They make Pillars on which they erect their Buildings and before the time of the Lutt they drive Joists and Planks between those Columns and with Canes and Reeds accommodate divers Apartments which they take away in the time of those Inundations that the Water may run the freer TVNQVIN THe Kingdom of TVNQVIN is part on the Sea and part on the Main Land The Kingdom of Tunquin its bounds extent and scituation it bounds on the Sea at the bottom of the Gulph of Cochin-china there where it divides China from Cochin-china and hath about 150 Leagues of Coast On the Land it extends it self from the seventeenth degree of Latitude on this side the Equator unto the twenty third which are likewise 150 Leagues from North to South Its breadth being only about 100 Leagues from East to West Its Parts This Kingdom contains Seven Provinces of which the three most Southernly are Bochin Gehan and Tinhoa the four most Northernly are Beramar Kedom Kenam and Kethay Bochin touches on Cochin-china and the two other advance along the Gulph towards the North amongst the four last Beramar and Kedun are towards China Kenan and Kethay towards the People Layes The King very powerful The King of Tunquin ordinarily entertains a Militia of 50000 Men taken from the three Southernly Provinces and paid by the four Northern because these last lately revolted and the other remained in obedience It s chief Places Kecchio is the chief City of the Kingdom where the King ordinarily resides It is not above twenty miles in circuit but hath a Million of Inhabitants Some Authors will have it called Tunquin that is the Court of the West and that the Kingdom took its name from it The Land hath beautiful Plains and watered with many great Rivers which with the Rains and melting of the Snow which descends from the Mountains that separates it from the Layes the Kingdom of Ciocangue China and Cochin-china make it fruitful by their Inundations rendring it better and more abundant than Cochin-china Yet hath it neither Corn Vines nor Olive Trees It s fertiliy and commodities but they gather Rice twice a year of which they make Bread they fetch in Wine and instead of Oil make use of the matter taken from Swallows Nests of which they have no less quantity than Cochin-china They have neither Asses nor Sheep but many Horses Elephants and Rhinocerotes whose Flesh Skins Bones Teeth Nails and Horns serve for Antidotes against Poyson they have so much Pullain Pigeons Turtles and other Fowl that they give them almost for nothing Amongst their Fruits they have fair Pomgranates which beyond the ordinary excellency of that Fruit hath here a particular and delightful Juice For Fish they make account that in the Seasons there daily goes 10000 Barks out of their Ports to Fish They embrace Christianity The Catholick Religion was so introduced here some years past that there was esteemed to be more than 200000 Christned Souls 200 great Churches and a great quantity of Chapels and Oratories there hath since happened divers changes In these Kingdoms the Portugals have several
one Will in Christ After the receiving of the Sacrament they hold it unfitting to Spit until Sun-fet Those Beasts which in the Old Law are held unclean are so esteemed with them They keep their Sabbath-day on Saturdays they allow their Priests no yearly means or slipends neither do they suffer them to beg but they are forced to get their livelyhoods by the sweat of their brows and labour of their hands They accept only of the three first General Councils They have moreover a Book which is writ in eight Volumes and as they say by the Apostles assembled at Jerusalem for that purpose the Contents thereof they most strictly keep We have divided AETHIOPIA into the Higher and Lower esteemed the Higher that which is towards the North and the East the Lower that which is towards the South and West We have succinctly discoursed of the Parts of the Higher proceed we now to the Lower Lower Aethiopia its extent and bounds This Lower AETHIOPIA extends it self from the River of the Camaronts where the bottom of the Gulph of St. Thomas is and so turning about the Capes of Negro Bona Esperanza and Des Carientes into the River of Cuama which bounds it from Zanguebar part of the Higher Aethiopia as the other doth from the Kingdom of Benim part of Guiny which is in Libya Interior We have like wise subdivided this Lower Aethiopia into three parts It s division and parts viz. into Congo Monomotapa and the Country of the Cafres We may yet subdivide these three Parts each into two others which will make six The first shall be what is between Guiny and Congo the second Monomotapa and Mona-Emugi and the last the Land of Cafres on this side and Westward and the Land of Cafres beyond and Eastward of the Cape of Good Hope Between Guiny and the Kingdom of Congo there are divers Kingdoms and divers People The Ambosins and Camarones are on the Sea then the Kingdoms of the Capones the Country of Angra the three Kingdoms of Cacombo Gabom and Pongo of which this last is most powerful Among these Estates are the Capes of Lopo Gonsalves up in the Land are the Kingdoms of Biafra Medra Dauma c. The Land of AMBOSINS and CAMARONES are near the River of Camarones a Country very fertil The Lands of Capones and Angra are pleasant because of the many fresh Streams which water them The first are poor the Capones are malicious those of Angra addicted to Arms. The Estates or Kingdoms which are about the Cape of Gonsalves It s People have their People of the same Tongue the same Religion who are Idolaters and the same Manners and their Kings and Lords are in peace and in good intelligence with one another Those nearest the Sea are the most courteous and civil by reason of the confluence of Strangers and when they trade with those of Europe they white their Faces with Chalk their beautiful Garments are made of Mats tissued with the Rind of certain Trees and properly accommodated Those of Biafra more advanced in Land are very barbarous addicting themselves to Witcherafts and sometimes sacrificing their Children to Devils Those of Medra Dauma and some others further off are almost quite unknown and possibly not worth regard The Portugals traded here alone a long time and possessed several Parts on this Coast within few years the Hollanders have taken divers places from them some of which they have since retaken The Kingdom of CONGO Kingdom of Congo with its Parts or Kingdoms described BEyond the Equinoctial Line and unto Cape Negro lies the Kingdom of CONGO under the name of which we comprehend many others which have been Subjects Tributaries or Allies to the King of Congo as are the Kingdoms of Loanga and the Anziquaines to the North of Cacongo and the People Gallas or Giaquas to the East of Angola Malemba Mataman and others to the South Kingdom of Loanga described The Kingdom of LOANGA hath its principal City of the same name others say Banza Loango or simply Banza it is seated on the Sea as is Quilongo Quanvi and Majumba It comprehends six Provinces and is throughout indifferent fertil in Grains affords excellent Fruits Wine of Palms breeds many Cattle and all things necessary for life is found here it is well stored with Elephants having more than any other Country in these parts they have quantity of Ivory but have neither Gold nor Silver The Country is very hot by reason of its lying under the Line but indifferent healthful and well peopled Their King once subject writes himself now but Ally to the King of Congo and is called Mani-Loango and the Governours of the six Provinces likewise Mani that is Lord of such or such a Province Their Subjects are all Bramas who by Religion are Heathens Kingdom of Congo and its Provinces The Kingdom of CONGO may be said to be the fairest of the Lower Aethiopia though those of the Monomotapa and Mono-Emugi have more extent yet hath he alwaies been esteemed the most Polite hath had all his neighbours Subjects and the most part yet his Allies It may have in length 200 Leagues and about 120 on the Coast It is subdivided into six great Provinces to wit Bamba Songo Sunda Pango Batta and Pemba which together hath 30 or 40000 little Towns Songo Sunda and Pango lies upon and mounting from the Sea up the River Zaire Bamba Pemba and Batta are towards the River of Coanza and the Lake of Aquilonda these three last making the most Southern parts the three other the most Northern of the Kingdom and all take their names from the principal places where the Governours of the Provinces reside The Country of BAMBA is well stored with Beasts and Birds Bamba both tame and wild well watered with Rivers hath Mines of Silver and its People exceeding strong It s chief places are Bamba on the River Loze Motole on the River Dorati Bengo also Pavo Lengo and Mussulo on the Sea SONGO lies on both sides the River Zaire Songo which sends forth many turbulent Streams and hath so many Islands that one part of it hath very little to do with the other its chief places are Sonho nigh to Cape de Pedro and on a branch of the Zaire also Bommo Matinga Cabinde Malemba and Cascais which three last are on the Sea SVNDA is indifferent fertil Sunda hath several rich Mines of Metals among the rest the Inhabitants set the greatest esteem upon Iron by reason that of it they make their Materials for War it is parted by the Zaire This Country furnishes forreign Merchants with several rich Furs as Sables Martrons c. It s several chief places are Sunda Betequa Iri and Quincasso PANGO is but barren Pango its Inhabitants barbarous but strong in Arms It s chief places are Pango Cundi-Funquenes and Angote and this Country is watered with the River Zaire BATTA is
like feigned Names and Placeâ— EUROPE with its Kingdoms Isles c. may be considered in three times three parts and then The three most Southern parts are SPAIN with its Kingdoms or Principalities viz. Castile Madrid Leon Leon Navarr Pampelona Bisâ—ay Bilboa Asturie Oviedo Gallicia St. Jago de Compoâ—â— Portugal Lisbon Algarve Pharo Andaloufia Sevill Granada Granada Muâ—cia Murcia Aâ—â—agon Caragosa Valencia Valencia Catalonia Barcelona the Isles of Baleares Majorca ITALY with Its several Estates and Principalities the Chief of which are Piedmont Turin Millain Millain Genoua Genoua Parma Parma Mantua and Modena Mantua Venice Venice Toscany Florence Estare of the Church Rome Naples Naples Isle of Sicily Messina Isle of Sardiny Calari Isle of Corsica Bastia TURKEY in EUROPE with its several Estates the Chief of which are those of Bosnie Jaycza Servie Belgrad Bulgarie Sophia Romania Constantinople Macedonia Salonichi Thessalie Armicho Epire Perveza Achaia Selines Pelopornesus Petras Dalmacie Rhagusa Sclavonia Posega Illyris Zatha Croatia Sisseg Together with several Isles as they lie in the Aegean or Grecian Seas as Negroponte Creâ—e the Isles of Cyclades c. Ionian Seas as Zant Zeffalonia Corfu c. Aâ—riatick Seas as Zara Lesina Curzola Lissa c. The three Innermost parts and within the Continent are FRANCE with its twelve Governments or General Estates viz. Picardy Amiens Normandy Roen or Roven Isle of France Paris Champâ—gne Troys Brelagne Nantes Orlenois c. Orleans Bourgogne Dijon Lyonnois c. Lyon Guyenne and Gascogne Bourdeaux Languedoc Toulouse Provence Marseille Dauphin Grenoble The several Estates which lie between France the Catholick Low Countrey Anvers Lorrain Metz the French County Besansons Savoy Cambery Germany the Low Countreys or the United Provinces Amsterdam Rotterdam the Swisses Basle the Grisons Coire GERMANY with its several Estates and Principalities the chief of which are On this side the Rhine Strasbourg Beyond the Rhine Cologne Westphalia Munster Franconia Noremberg Sovabe Ansbourg Bavaria Munchen Austria Vienna Bohemia Prague Higher Saxony Dresden Brandenbourg Berlin Pomerania Stetin Lower Saxony Hamburgh POLAND with its several Estates the chief of which are Polonia Cracow Prussie Dantzick Mazovie Warzaw Lithuania Wilna Volhynia Kyovia Podolia Kamieniec Russia Nigra Loewenberg And some Estates or Principalities towards the Danube and Black-Sea as Hungaria Buda Transylvania Hermenstat Valaquie Targovisko Moldavia Soczowa Little Tartaria Nigropoli The three most Northern parts Kingdoms and Isles are SCANDINAVIA where are the Kingdoms and Estates of Danemark Danemark Capenhagven Norway Trondhem Sweden Gothland Calmar Sweden Stockholm Finland Abo Livonie Riga MOSCOVIA with its several Kingdoms Dutches and Provinces the chief of which are Moscovy Mosco Wolomodire Wolodomer Dwine St. Michael Archaâ— Cazan Kingdom Cazan Astracan Kingdom Astracan The ISLES of GREAT BRITAIN where are the Kingdoms of England London Scotland Edinburgh Ireland Dublin To the high and Mighty Prince James Duke of Yorke Albury Marquesse of Ormond Earle of Ross of Arismanoch L d High Admirall of England Kt of the most noble order of the Garter sole Brother Privi Councellor to his most Sacrid Ma.ty K Charlas the 2d this Mapp is humbly Dedicated by Rich Blome A MAPP of EUROPE Designed by Mounsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King and Rendred into English and Illustrated by Ric Blome By his Majets Espesiall Command London Printed for Rich Blome it EUROPE EVROPE is one of the three parts of our Continent of which Asia makes the most Eastern Africa the most Southern and Europe in regard of them is between North and West Its Bounds It is for the most part bounded by the Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea that which we call the Septentrional or Frozen Ocean on the North and the Occidental or Atlantick Ocean on the West The Mediterranean Sea which is but an Arm of the Ocean lies on its South and separates it from Africa but from Asia it is separated towards the East by divers Seas which fall into the Mediterranean by several Streights between these Seas to wit the Archipelago the Sea of Marmara the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque Between the Archipelago and the Marmara is the Streight of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles of old Hellespontus between the Marmara and the Black Sea is the Streight of Constantinople or the Channel of the Black Sea and between the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque is the Streight of Caffa or Vospero Then the Rivers of Don Wolga and Oby compleat the division of Europe from Asia by drawing a line from the one to the other Scituation The scituation of Europe is between the 35 and 72 degrees of Latitude and between the 10 and 100 of Longitude though it fill not all this space and it is almost all in the Temperate Zone no part in the Torrid but some under or near the Frozen Zone But the Ocean together with the divers Seas which encompass and divide the parts of Europe have given so great an advantage to its People that they are long since become the most expert in the World in Navigation all Arts and Sciences and in Arms and Military Discipline It s Division We will consider Europe in Nine or three times three principal parts And of these the first three shall be Spain Italy and the Estates of Turkey in Europe and these possess the Southern part of Europe the second three parts shall be France Germany and Poland and these take up the middle part of Europe and the third shall be Scandinavia where are the Estates of Denmark and Sweden Russia Alba or Muscovia and the Isles of Great Britain and Ireland and these are most Northward As to the several small Isles I shall comprehend them under one and the other of these 3 parts and that according to their scituation or vicinity unto them Besides these 9 parts there will remain some Estates and Lands between France Germany and Italy likewise between Germany Poland Turkey and Moscovia and some in Turkey which shall be described as occasion presents The Languages or Speeches But before we proceed to the Parts let us consider that there are 3 principal Tongues and as many principal Religions in Europe viz. the Latin which extends it self into Italy France and Spain though in divers Idioms the Teutonick into Germany the British Isles and Scandinavia the Sclavenian into Poland Moscovy in good part of Turkey Bohemia c. though still in several Idioms and Dialects The other Tongues are much less general as the Greek Albanian Hungarian and the Tartaresque in the Eastern parts and lastly the Basque Welsh Irish and Laplandish in the most Western and Northern parts Religions The Religions are the Protestant which hath spread it self where the Teutonick Tongue is spoken the Roman Catholick is almost every where with the Latin Schism alone and every where amongst the People speaking Sclavonian and Greek the Mahumetan Religion is among the Natural Turks of Europe But to proceed to its Parts SPAIN
SPAIN with its fourteen Kingdoms or Principalities whereof Two are in the midst of the Country to wit LEON Beyond the River Douro or Dovere Leon Avilez Astorga Placentia On this side the Douro Salamanca Cuidad Rodrigo CASTILE The Old Burgos Valadolid Numantia Segovia Calahorra Soria Osma Siguenca Avila Placentia Coria The New Toledo Madrid Alcantara Alcala de Henores Cuenca Guadalasara Cuidad Real Merida Badajox Three are towards the North as NAVARRE which hath the Merindades of Pamplona Viana Estella Tudela Olite Sanguesa BISCAY where are Biscay Bilboa St. Andero Guipuscoa St. Sebastiano Andero Victoria Tolosetra ASTURIE or Oviedo Oviedo Santillano Three are towards the West viz. GALLICIA St. Jago de Compostella Bajona Coronnâ— Mondoâ—nedo Lugo Tuy The Kingdom of PORTUGAL Between the River Minho and the Douro Braga Miranda Porto Bragansa Between the Douro and the Tajo or Tagus Lisbona Santara Sintra Lamego Guarda Coimbra Alen Tajo or between the Tajo and the Guadiana Evora Portalegre Leirla Beja ALGARVE Pharo Tavila Silves Lagos Three are towards the South to wit ANDALOUSIA and ESTREMADURA Sevill Cordova Marchena Medina Sidonia Xeres de la Frontera Cadiz GRANADA Granada Malaga Almeria MURCIA Alicant Carthagena Murcia Three are towards the East viz. ARRAGON Caragosa or Saragoz Lerida Huesca Mosons Jacca Borio Calatajud Daroca CATALOGNE or CATALONIA Rousillon Perpignan Elna Catalogue Barcelona Girona Taragona Tortosa Lerida and Solsona VALENCE or VALENCIA Valencia Morvedre Segobre or Segorbia Xativa Together with the Isles of Baleares or MAJORCA Majorca Palomera MINORCA Citadelli and Mahon YVISA Yvisa and Magno All the Estates of the CATHOLICK KING may be comprised under The Estates of the Crown of CASTILE which are In SPAIN the Kingdoms of Leon Leon Castile the Old Burgos Valadolid the New Toledo Madrid Biscay Bilboa Asturie Oviedo Gallicia St Jago de Compostella Andalousia Sivil Granada Granada Murcia Alicant Navarte Pamplona Towards FRANCE The Catholick Low Countrey Anvers or Antwerp Brussels Arras The French County Dolâ— In ITALY The Estate of Milan Milan Pavia On the River of Genes Finale On the Coast of Toscany Orbetello In AFRICA On the Coast of Barbary Oran Marsalquibir le Penon de Velez The Canary Isles Canary In ASIA The Philippine Isles Maâ—ille In AMERICA Septentrionale or Mexicane The Isles Antilles St. Domingo in Hispaniola Havana in Cuba Florida St. Augustino Mexico or New Spain Mexico los Angelos Canada or New France Guadalajara Compostella Guatemala St. Jago de Guatemala Leon de Nicaragua Meridionale or Peruviane Terra Firma Porto Bello Panama New Kingdom of Granada Cartagena St. Marta St. Fee de Bogata Peru Popayan St. Francisco de Quito Lima or Los Reyes Cusco Ios Charcas la Plata Potessi Chili St. Jago de Chili Valdivia Rio de la Plata Assumption Cordovade Tucuman And towards Austriales The Isles of Solomon Isabella The Estates of the Crown of ARRAGON which are In SPAIN the Kingdoms or Principalities of Arragon Saragoz or Caragoss Lerida Huesca Jorca Catalogne or Catalonia Barcelona Perpignan Taragona Lerida Valencia Valencia Morvedre The Isles of Majorca Minorca Yvisa Majorca Citadelli Yvisa In ITALY the Kingdoms c. of Naples Naples Cosence or Cozenza Lecce Aquila Isle of Sicily Messina Palermo Siracusa Isle of Sardiny Cailari Oristagni And divers small Isles Ischia Capri Lipari The Estates of the Crown of PORTUGAL which are In SPAIN the Kingdoms of Portugal Lisbona Braga Evora Coimbra Algarve Pharo In AFRICA and thereabouts On the Streight of Gibraltar Ceute On the Coast of the Negroes Arguin of Guinee St. George de la Mine of the Caffres Cuama or Sophala of Zanguebar Mosambique Melinde And the Isles of Madera Funghal the Azores Angra Cape Verd St. Jago St. Thomas Cuidad or Pavoâ—sanâ— In ASIA and thereabouts On the Coast of Persia Ormus India Diu Goa Malacca And part of the Isles of Ceylan Colombo of the Moluccoes Nostro Senioro del Rosario In AMERICA Brazil St. Salvador Olinda Parayba The Estates of the Crown of CASTILE are About EUROPE as In SPAIN to wit In the midst of the Countrey the Kingdom of Leon Leon Astorga Kingdom of Castile Burgos Valadolid Toledo Madrid Towards the North the Signiory of Biscay Bilboa Kingdom of Asturie Oviedo Kingdom of Gallicia St. Jago de Compostella Towards the South the Kingdom of Andalousia Sivilla Cordova Cadiz Kingdom of Granada Granada Malaga Towards France the Kingdom of Murcia Alicant Kingdom of Navarre Pamplona FRANCE to wit The LOW COUNTREYS where are the Dutchy of Brabant Louvain Brusselles Dutchy of Limbourg Limbourg Dutchy of Luxembourg Luxembourg Thionville Dutchy of Gueldres Ruremonde Gueldres County of Flanders Gand or Gaunt Lisle County of Artois Arras St. Omer County of Haynaut Mons. County of Namur Namur Marquisate of the Empire Anvers or Antwerp Seigniory of Malines The FRENCH County where are the Balliages of Dole Gray Salins In ITALY to wit The Estate of the Dutchy of MILAN viz. Milanese Milan Pavese Pavia Cremonese Cremona Alpesre Come Alexandrin Alexandria de la Paille On the River of GENES the Estates of Finale and Pontremoli On the Coast of TOSCANY are the Estate of the Presidii Orbetello Porto Hercole Protection of the Seignory of Piombino In AFRICA as Terra Firma on the Coast of Barbary Marquisate of Oran and the Oran Masulquivir Penon de Valez In the Western Ocean The CANARY Isles The Great Canary Canary In ASIA as In the E. Ocean The PHILIPPINE Isles Luson or Manilla Manilla Towards the Land of AUSTRALES The Isle of SALOMON or of New Guinee Isabella In AMERICA as SEPTENTRIONALE or MEXICANE where are the Audiences of St. DOMINGO Isles of Antilles S. Domingo in Hispaniola Havana in Cuba St. Jean de Puerto Rico. Florida St. Augustino MEXICO or NEW SPAIN Mexico Mexico Mechoacan Valadolid Panuco St. Estevan del Puerto Tlascala los Angeles Guaxaca Antequerra Jucatan Merida Tavasco Neustra Seniore de la Victoria GUADALAJARA or New GALLICIA Guadalajara Guadalajara Xalifco Compostella Chiametlan St. Sebastian Culiacan St. Michael Cinaloa St. John Ro. los Zacatecas los Zacatecas New Biscay Indies GUATEMALA Guatemala St. Jago de Guatemala Soconufco Guevetlan Chiapa Guidad Real Verapax Verapax Honduras Valadolid Nicaragua Leon de Nicaragua Costarica Cartago MERIDIONALE or PERUVIANE where are the Audiences or Regions of PANAMA Veragua La Conception Panama Porto Bello Panama New Kingdom of GRANADA Cartagena Cartagena St. Martha St. Martha New Kingdom of Granada St. Fe de Bogota Rio de la Hacha Nost Sen. de los Remedios Venezuela Venezuela or Cori. New Castile Cordova la Nueva PERU Popayan Popayan Cali. Quito St. Francisco de Quito los Quixos Bacsa Pacamores St. John de las Salinas Lima Lima or los Reyes Cusco los Charcas la Plata Potessi la Sierra St. Cruz de la Sierra CHILI Chili St. Jago de Chili la Imperiale PARAGUAY Rio de la Plata Tucoman l'Assumption St. Jago del l'Estero Cordova de Tuconan The Estates of the Crown of ARRAGON are