indeed_o simple_o as_o it_o be_v flesh_n without_o any_o other_o respect_n for_o so_o it_o be_v not_o give_v neither_o will_v it_o profit_v we_o but_o as_o it_o be_v crucify_v and_o give_v for_o the_o redemption_n of_o the_o 26._o world_n neither_o do_v it_o hinder_v the_o truth_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o this_o eat_n of_o christ_n body_n be_v spiritual_a and_o that_o by_o it_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o not_o their_o stomach_n be_v feed_v by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n for_o this_o none_o can_v deny_v but_o they_o who_o be_v stranger_n to_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o divine_a virtue_n can_v savour_v only_o carnal_a thing_n and_o to_o who_o what_o be_v spiritual_a and_o sacramental_a be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o a_o mere_a nothing_o 7._o as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n in_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n we_o that_o be_v protestant_n and_o reform_a according_a to_o the_o 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presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n prove_v by_o public_a confession_n and_o the_o best_a of_o authority_n 1._o so_o then_o none_o of_o the_o protestant_a church_n doubt_v of_o the_o real_a that_o be_v true_a and_o not_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n in_o the_o sacrament_n and_o there_o appear_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o man_n shall_v suspect_v their_o common_a confession_n of_o either_o fraud_n or_o error_n as_o though_o in_o this_o particular_a they_o have_v in_o the_o least_o depart_v from_o the_o catholic_n faith_n 2._o for_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o produce_v the_o consent_n of_o reform_a church_n and_o author_n whereby_o it_o will_v clear_o appear_v to_o they_o that_o be_v not_o wilful_o blind_a that_o they_o all_o zealous_o maintain_v and_o profess_v this_o truth_n without_o forsake_v in_o any_o wise_a the_o true_a catholic_n faith_n in_o this_o matter_n 3._o i_o begin_v with_o the_o church_n of_o england_n wherein_o they_o that_o be_v in_o holy_a order_n be_v bind_v by_o a_o law_n and_o canon_n never_o to_o teach_v preach_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o people_n to_o be_v by_o they_o believe_v in_o matter_n of_o religion_n but_o what_o agree_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n and_o what_o the_o catholic_n father_n and_o ancient_a prelate_n have_v gather_v and_o infer_v out_o of_o it_o under_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n if_o they_o transgress_v trouble_v the_o people_n with_o contrary_a doctrine_n it_o teach_v therefore_o that_o in_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v give_v take_v and_o eat_v so_o that_o to_o the_o worthy_a receiver_n the_o consecrate_a and_o break_a bread_n be_v the_o communication_n 1562._o of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o likewise_o the_o consecrate_a cup_n the_o communication_n of_o his_o blood_n but_o that_o the_o wicked_a and_o they_o that_o approach_v unworthy_o the_o sacrament_n of_o so_o sacred_a a_o thing_n eat_v and_o drink_v their_o own_o damnation_n in_o that_o they_o become_v guilty_a of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o same_o church_n in_o a_o solemn_a prayer_n before_o the_o consecration_n pray_v thus_o grant_v we_o gracious_a lord_n so_o to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o thy_o dear_a sonjesus_n christ_n and_o to_o drink_v his_o blood_n that_o our_o sinful_a body_n may_v be_v make_v clean_o service_n by_o his_o body_n and_o our_o soul_n wash_v through_o his_o most_o precious_a blood_n and_o that_o we_o may_v evermore_o dwell_v in_o he_o and_o he_o in_o we_o the_o priest_n also_o blessing_n or_o consecrate_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n say_v thus_o hear_v we_o o_o merciful_a father_n we_o most_o humble_o beseech_v thou_o and_o grant_v that_o we_o receive_v these_o thy_o creature_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n according_a to_o thy_o son_n our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n holy_a institution_n in_o remembrance_n of_o his_o death_n and_o passion_n may_v be_v partaker_n of_o his_o most_o bless_a body_n and_o blood_n who_o in_o the_o same_o night_n that_o he_o be_v betray_v take_v bread_n and_o when_o he_o ibid._n have_v give_v thanks_o he_o break_v it_o and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n say_v take_v eat_z this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o likewise_o after_o supper_n he_o take_v the_o cup_n and_o when_o he_o have_v give_v think_v he_o give_v it_o to_o they_o say_v drink_v you_o all_o of_o this_o for_o this_o be_v my_o blood_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o you_o and_o for_o many_o for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n do_v this_o as_o oft_o as_o you_o shall_v drink_v it_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o the_o same_o when_o he_o give_v the_o sacrament_n to_o the_o people_n kneel_v give_v the_o bread_n say_v the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n which_o be_v give_v for_o thou_o preserve_v thy_o body_n and_o soul_n unto_o everlasting_a life_n likewise_o when_o he_o give_v the_o cup_n he_o say_v the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o thou_o preserve_v thy_o body_n and_o soul_n to_o everlasting_a life_n afterward_o when_o the_o communion_n be_v do_v follow_v a_o thanksgiving_n almighty_a and_o ever_o live_a god_n we_o most_o hearty_o thank_v thou_o for_o that_o thou_o do_v vouchsafe_v to_o feed_v we_o who_o have_v due_o receive_v these_o holy_a mystery_n with_o the_o spiritual_a food_n of_o the_o most_o precious_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o thy_o son_n our_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n with_o the_o hymn_n glory_n be_v to_o god_n on_o high_a etc._n etc._n also_o in_o the_o public_a authorize_v catechism_n of_o our_o church_n appoint_v to_o be_v learn_v of_o all_o it_o be_v answer_v to_o the_o question_n concern_v the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o it_o be_v the_o body_n catech._n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v very_o and_o indeed_o take_v and_o receive_v by_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o in_o the_o apology_n for_o this_o church_n write_v by_o that_o worthy_a and_o reverend_a prelate_n jewel_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n it_o be_v express_o affirm_v that_o to_o the_o faithful_a be_v true_o give_v in_o the_o sacrament_n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o lifegiving_a flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n which_o quicken_v our_o soul_n the_o bread_n that_o come_v from_o heaven_n the_o food_n of_o immortality_n grace_n and_o truth_n and_o life_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n that_o we_o may_v abide_v in_o he_o and_o he_o in_o we_o and_o that_o we_o may_v be_v ascertain_v that_o the_o flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v the_o food_n of_o our_o soul_n as_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v of_o our_o body_n 4._o a_o while_n before_o the_o write_n of_o this_o apology_n come_v forth_o the_o dialectic_a of_o the_o famous_a dr._n poinet_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n concern_v the_o truth_n nature_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n write_v on_o purpose_n to_o explain_v and_o manifest_v the_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o that_o point_n in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o show_v that_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n be_v not_o only_o the_o figure_n but_o also_o contain_v in_o itself_o the_o truth_n nature_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n and_o that_o those_o word_n nature_n and_o substance_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v reject_v because_o the_o father_n use_v they_o in_o speak_v of_o that_o mystery_n second_o he_o inquire_v whether_o those_o expression_n truth_n nature_n and_o substance_n be_v use_v in_o this_o mystery_n by_o the_o ancient_n in_o their_o common_a acceptation_n or_o in_o a_o sense_n more_o particular_a
lest_o not_o only_o heretic_n but_o also_o stubborn_a catholic_n read_v the_o book_n with_o the_o more_o greediness_n and_o cite_v it_o with_o the_o more_o confidence_n because_o it_o be_v forbid_v and_o so_o it_o do_v more_o harm_n by_o be_v prohibit_v than_o if_o it_o be_v leave_v free_a what_o patch_n then_o will_v they_o sow_v to_o amend_v this_o in_o bertram_n those_o thing_n that_o differ_v be_v not_o the_o same_o that_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o die_v and_o rise_v again_o and_o be_v become_v immortal_a die_v no_o more_o be_v eternal_a and_o impassable_a but_o that_o which_o be_v celebrate_v in_o the_o church_n be_v temporal_a not_o eternal_a be_v corruptible_a and_o not_o incorruptible_a to_o this_o last_o mention_v passage_n they_o give_v a_o very_a commodious_a sense_n namely_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o corruptible_a species_n of_o the_o sacrament_n or_o of_o the_o sacrament_n itself_o and_o the_o use_n of_o it_o which_o will_v last_v no_o long_o than_o this_o world_n if_o this_o will_v not_o do_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o leave_v it_o all_o out_o to_o blot_v out_o visible_o and_o write_v invisible_o and_o this_o what_o the_o creature_n be_v in_o substance_n before_o the_o consecration_n they_o be_v still_o the_o same_o after_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o outward_a appearance_n that_o be_v the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n though_o they_o confess_v that_o then_o bertram_n know_v nothing_o of_o those_o accident_n subsist_v without_o 〈◊〉_d substance_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o thiâ—_n latter_o age_n have_v add_v out_o of_o the_o scripture_n witâ—_n as_o great_a truth_n as_o subtlety_n how_o much_o easy_a have_v it_o be_v at_o one_o stroke_n to_o blot_v out_o the_o whole_a book_n and_o so_o make_v short_a work_n with_o it_o as_o the_o spanish_a inquisitor_n do_v iâ—_n their_o index_n expurgat_fw-la let_v the_o whole_a epistle_n fine_a say_v they_o of_o udalricus_n bishop_n of_o ausburg_n be_v blot_v out_o cencern_v the_o single_a life_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o let_v the_o whole_a book_n of_o bertram_n the_o priest_n about_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v suppress_v what_o be_v this_o but_z as_o arnobius_n say_v against_o the_o heathen_a to_o intercept_v public_a record_n and_o fear_v the_o testimoy_n 3_o of_o the_o truth_n for_o as_o for_o that_o which_o sixtus_n senensis_n and_o possevin_n affirm_v that_o sac._n that_o book_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v write_v by_o oecolampadius_n under_o the_o name_n of_o bertram_n it_o be_v so_o great_a a_o untruth_n that_o a_o great_a can_v be_v find_v 36._o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o ten_o century_n wherein_o beside_o those_o many_o sentence_n of_o catholic_n father_n against_o innovater_n in_o what_o concern_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n collect_v by_o herigerus_fw-la 9â—0_n abbas_n lobiensis_fw-la we_o have_v also_o a_o ancient_a easter_n homily_n in_o saxon_a english_a which_o bib._n then_o use_v to_o be_v read_v public_o in_o our_o church_n out_o of_o which_o we_o may_v gather_v what_o be_v then_o the_o doctrine_n receive_v among_o we_o touch_v this_o point_n of_o religion_n but_o chief_o out_o of_o that_o part_n wherein_o be_v show_v many_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o consecrate_a host_n for_o thus_o it_o teach_v the_o people_n there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o that_o body_n wherein_o christ_n suffer_v and_o that_o wherein_o the_o host_n be_v consecrate_v that_o body_n wherein_o christ_n suffer_v be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n consist_v of_o blood_n and_o bone_n skin_n and_o nerve_n humane_a member_n and_o a_o rational_a soul_n but_o his_o spiritual_a body_n which_o we_o call_v the_o host_n be_v make_v of_o many_o unite_a grain_n of_o corn_n and_o have_v neither_o blood_n nor_o bone_n neither_o member_n nor_o soul_n afterward_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o once_o die_v and_o rise_v again_o shall_v die_v no_o more_o but_o remain_v eternal_a and_o impassable_a but_o this_o host_n be_v temporal_a and_o corruptible_a divide_v into_o part_n break_v with_o the_o tooth_n and_o swallow_v down_o into_o the_o stomach_n last_o this_o mystery_n be_v a_o pledge_n and_o a_o figure_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v that_o very_a truth_n what_o be_v see_v be_v bread_n but_o what_o be_v spiritual_o understand_v be_v life_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sermon_n of_o bishop_n wulfinus_n to_o the_o clergy_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o a_o synod_n of_o priest_n wherein_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o doctrine_n be_v explain_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o host_n be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n not_o corporal_o but_o spiritual_o paschali_fw-la not_o that_o body_n wherein_o he_o suffer_v but_o that_o body_n whereof_o he_o speak_v when_o he_o consecrateâ—_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o a_o host_n which_o to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n we_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o catholic_n truth_n 37._o and_o so_o hitherto_o we_o have_v produce_v the_o agree_a testimony_n of_o ancient_a father_n for_o a_o thousand_o year_n after_o christ_n and_o have_v transcribe_v they_o more_o at_o large_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o every_o one_o that_o be_v not_o blind_a that_o the_o true_a apostolic_a doctrine_n of_o this_o mystery_n have_v be_v universal_o maintain_v for_o so_o long_o by_o all_o man_n some_o few_o except_v who_o more_o than_o eight_o hundred_o year_n after_o christ_n presume_v to_o dispute_v against_o the_o ancient_a orthodox_n doctrine_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o christ_n presence_n and_o of_o his_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o sacrament_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o positive_o determine_v any_o thing_n against_o it_o now_o what_o more_o concern_v this_o point_n we_o refer_v to_o the_o next_o chapter_n lest_o this_o shall_v be_v too_o long_o chap._n vi_o show_n more_o at_o large_a that_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o transubstantiation_n and_o answer_v the_o romish_a objection_n vain_o allege_v out_o of_o antiquity_n 1._o many_o more_o proof_n out_o of_o ancient_a chapter_n record_n may_v have_v be_v add_v to_o those_o we_o have_v hitherto_o bring_v for_o a_o thousand_o year_n but_o we_o desire_v to_o be_v brief_a have_v omit_v they_o in_o each_o century_n as_o in_o the_o first_o after_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o work_n of_o 29._o clemens_n romanus_n commend_v by_o the_o papist_n themselves_z and_o those_o of_o philadel_n st._n ignatius_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n and_o martyr_n be_v much_o against_o transubstantiation_n in_o the_o second_o likewise_o 2._o st._n theophilus_n four_o bishop_n of_o antioch_n after_o ignatius_n christ_n athenagoras_n and_o diaty_n tatianus_n scholar_n to_o justin_n martyr_n in_o the_o three_o 2._o clemens_n alexandrinus_n tutor_n to_o origen_n and_o octavio_n minutius_n felix_n a_o christian_a orator_n in_o the_o four_o 2._o eusebius_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n 4._o juvencus_n a_o spanish_a priest_n 37._o macarius_n egyptius_n syn._n st._n hilary_n bishop_n of_o poitiers_n 3._o optatus_n bishop_n of_o milevis_n chr._n eusebius_n emissenus_fw-la gorg._n gregorius_n nazianzenus_n 1â—_n cyrillus_n alexandrinus_n ancorato_n epiphanius_n salaminensis_n 26._o st._n hierom_n 2_o theophilus_n alexandrinus_n and_o 2._o gaudentius_n bishop_n of_o brixia_n in_o the_o five_o paul_n sedulius_n a_o scotch_a priest_n 25._o gennadius_n massiliensis_n and_o epith_n faustus_n bishop_n of_o regium_n in_o the_o six_o ferrand_n fulgentius_n africanus_n â—_o victor_n antiochenus_fw-la cor._n primasius_n bishop_n and_o 9_o procopius_n gazeus_n in_o the_o seven_o 6._o hesychius_n priest_n in_o jerusalem_n and_o dion_n maximus_n abbot_n of_o constantinople_n in_o the_o eight_o orthod_n johannes_n damascenus_n in_o the_o nine_o 6._o nicephorus_n the_o patriarch_n and_o remig._n hincmarus_n archbishop_n of_o rheims_n last_o in_o the_o ten_o adeodat_n fulbert_n bishop_n of_o chartres_n and_o to_o complete_a all_o to_o these_o single_a father_n we_o may_v add_v whole_a council_n of_o they_o as_o that_o of_o 2._o ancyra_n of_o 13._o neocesarea_n and_o beside_o the_o first_o of_o 30._o nice_a which_o i_o have_v mention_v that_o of_o 25._o laodicea_n of_o 24._o carthage_n of_o 4._o orleans_n the_o four_o of_o 17._o toledo_n that_o of_o 2._o bracara_n the_o sixteen_o of_o 6._o toledo_n and_o that_o of_o 32._o constantinople_n in_o trullo_n out_o of_o all_o these_o appear_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n be_v not_o yet_o spread_v over_o the_o christian_a world_n but_o that_o the_o sound_a doctrine_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o their_o true_a yet_o spiritual_a not_o carnal_a presence_n in_o the_o eucharist_n with_o the_o element_n still_o the_o same_o in_o substance_n after_o consecration_n be_v every_o where_o own_a and_o maintain_v and_o though_o the_o father_n use_v both_o way_n
reason_n that_o they_o be_v inseparable_a one_o from_o the_o other_o mere_a nonsense_n for_o as_o long_o as_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n i._n e._n the_o shaâ—â—_n and_o taste_v and_o colour_n etc._n etc._n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a 3._o be_v so_o long_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n inseparable_o join_v with_o they_o wherefore_o if_o the_o accident_n in_o their_o nature_n pass_v into_o the_o belly_n or_o be_v cast_v out_o by_o vomit_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n itself_o must_v of_o necessity_n go_v along_o with_o they_o and_o for_o this_o cause_n pious_a soul_n i_o repeat_v their_o own_o word_n do_v frequent_o eat_v again_o with_o great_a reverence_n the_o part_n of_o the_o host_n cast_v out_o by_o vomit_v other_o answer_v also_o 3._o that_o a_o beast_n eat_v not_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n sacramental_o but_o accidental_o as_o a_o man_n that_o shall_v eat_v a_o consecrate_a host_n not_o know_v that_o it_o be_v consecrate_v 3._o they_o inquire_v about_o musty_a and_o 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to_o hold_v it_o because_o the_o pope_n xi_o have_v forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v maintain_v under_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n therefore_o the_o modern_a schoolman_n 1â—_n add_v that_o if_o any_o shall_v hold_v the_o contrary_a after_o the_o pope_n determination_n he_o shall_v be_v condemn_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o be_v nay_o they_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o point_n of_o faith_n which_o none_o may_v doubt_v of_o because_o the_o contrary_a doctrine_n have_v be_v condemn_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o eleven_o 5._o they_o ask_v concern_v the_o accident_n whether_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v under_o they_o when_o they_o be_v abstract_v from_o their_o subject_n this_o be_v against_o logic_n or_o whether_o worm_n be_v gendr_v or_o mouse_n nourish_v of_o accident_n and_o this_o against_o physic_n 6._o whether_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n can_v at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n move_v both_o upward_o and_o downward_o one_o priest_n lift_v up_o the_o host_n and_o another_o 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in_o this_o dunghill_n 26._o no_o wonder_n therefore_o if_o this_o new_a doctrine_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o be_v liable_a to_o such_o foul_a absurdity_n and_o detestable_a abuse_n few_o man_n can_v be_v persuade_v in_o the_o fourteen_o century_n that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v real_o or_o by_o transubstantiation_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n as_o it_o be_v record_v by_o our_o countryman_n 1350._o robert_n holkot_n who_o live_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o that_o century_n as_o also_o 6._o thomas_n aquinas_n report_v of_o some_o in_o his_o time_n who_o believe_v that_o after_o consecration_n not_o only_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n but_o its_o substantial_a form_n remain_v and_o albertus_n magnus_n himself_o who_o be_v thomas_n his_o his_n tutor_n and_o write_v not_o long_o after_o innocent_a the_o three_o speak_v of_o transubstantiation_n as_o of_o a_o doubtful_a question_n only_o nay_o that_o it_o be_v absolute_o reject_v and_o oppose_v by_o many_o 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necessity_n the_o bread_n be_v change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n for_o we_o must_v hold_v that_o declaration_n of_o faith_n which_o the_o pope_n declare_v must_v be_v hold_v thus_o among_o the_o papist_n if_o it_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o imperious_a pope_n as_o be_v innocent_a the_o three_o doctrine_n of_o faith_n shall_v now_o and_o then_o increase_v in_o bulk_n and_o number_n though_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v most_o contrary_a to_o holy_a scripture_n though_o they_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n and_o though_o from_o they_o such_o consequence_n necessary_o follow_v as_o be_v most_o injurious_a to_o christ_n and_o his_o holy_a religion_n for_o after_o innocent_a the_o three_o the_o roman_a faith_n be_v thus_o much_o 24._o increase_v by_o the_o determination_n of_o pope_n gregory_n the_o eleven_o 1371._o that_o if_o it_o so_o happen_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o consecrate_a host_n may_v descend_v into_o a_o rat_n belly_n or_o into_o a_o privy_a or_o any_o such_o foul_a place_n 28._o in_o the_o fifteen_o century_n the_o council_n 1415._o of_o constance_n which_o by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o the_o sacramental_a cup_n from_o the_o people_n and_o from_o the_o priest_n when_o they_o do_v not_o officiate_v do_v wrongful_o condemn_v wiclif_n who_o be_v already_o dead_a because_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o have_v teach_v with_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v material_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o that_o in_o the_o same_o sacrament_n no_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v without_o a_o substance_n which_o two_o assertion_n be_v most_o true_a 29._o cardinal_n cameracencis_n who_o live_v 1420._o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o own_o the_o decree_n of_o pope_n innocent_a as_o
and_o proper_a to_o the_o sacrament_n because_o we_o must_v not_o only_o observe_v what_o word_n they_o use_v but_o also_o what_o they_o mean_v to_o signify_v and_o to_o teach_v by_o they_o and_o though_o with_o the_o father_n he_o acknowledge_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o its_o natural_a form_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n and_o that_o mystic_a body_n present_a in_o the_o sacrament_n yet_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o put_v that_o difference_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o presence_n and_o exhibition_n than_o in_o the_o subject_n itself_o that_o be_v the_o real_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o no_o other_o body_n be_v give_v to_o the_o faithful_a in_o the_o sacrament_n than_o that_o which_o be_v by_o christ_n give_v to_o death_n for_o their_o redemption_n last_o he_o affirm_v according_a to_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o father_n that_o this_o matter_n must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o spiritual_a sense_n banish_v all_o grosser_n and_o more_o carnal_a thought_n 5._o to_o bishop_n poinet_n succeed_v in_o the_o same_o see_v the_o right_n reverend_a doctor_n t._n bilson_n and_o l._n andrews_n prelate_n both_o of_o they_o thorough_o learn_v and_o great_a defender_n of_o the_o primitive_a faith_n who_o make_v it_o most_o evident_a by_o their_o print_a write_n that_o the_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n agreeable_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o as_o to_o what_o regard_v this_o mystery_n the_o 4._o first_o treat_v of_o it_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o apology_n of_o cardinal_n alan_n and_o the_o 11_o last_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o apology_n of_o cardinal_n bellarmine_n where_o you_o may_v find_v thing_n worthy_a to_o be_v read_v and_o note_v as_o follow_v christ_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n in_o this_o the_o object_n we_o be_v agree_v with_o you_o the_o manner_n only_o 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than_o in_o baptism_n how_o the_o blood_n of_o christ_n wash_v we_o or_o in_o the_o incarnation_n of_o our_o redeemer_n how_o the_o divine_a and_o humane_a nature_n be_v unite_v together_o we_o put_v it_o in_o the_o number_n of_o sacred_a thing_n or_o sacrifice_n the_o eucharist_n itself_o be_v a_o sacred_a mystery_n whereof_o the_o remnant_n ought_v to_o be_v consume_v with_o fire_n that_o be_v as_o the_o father_n elegant_o have_v it_o adore_v by_o faith_n but_o not_o search_v by_o reason_n 6._o to_o the_o same_o sense_n speak_v be_v causabon_n perron_n in_o the_o epistle_n he_o write_v by_o order_n from_o king_n james_n to_o cardinal_n perron_n so_o do_v also_o hooker_n in_o his_o ecclesiastical_a polity_n book_n 5._o 13._o §_o 67._o john_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n r._n montague_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n against_o bullinger_n james_n primate_n of_o armach_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o irish_a jesuit_n francis_n bishop_n of_o eli_n and_o william_n laud_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o their_o answer_n to_o fisher_n print_v john_n overall_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n and_o many_o other_o in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n who_o never_o depart_v from_o the_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o ancient_a catholic_n father_n which_o be_v by_o law_n establish_v and_o with_o great_a care_n and_o veneration_n receive_v and_o preserve_v in_o our_o church_n 7._o to_o these_o also_o we_o may_v just_o add_v that_o famous_a prelate_n antonius_n de_fw-fr domino_fw-la archbishop_n of_o spalleto_n a_o man_n well_o verse_v in_o the_o sacred_a write_n and_o the_o record_n of_o antiquity_n who_o have_v leave_v italy_n when_o he_o can_v no_o long_o remain_v in_o it_o either_o with_o quiet_a or_o safety_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o intimate_a friend_n paulus_n venetus_n take_v sanctuary_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n which_o he_o do_v faithful_o follow_v in_o all_o point_n and_o article_n of_o religion_n but_o be_v daily_o vex_v with_o many_o affront_n and_o injury_n and_o weary_v by_o the_o unjust_a persecution_n of_o some_o sour_a and_o overrigid_a man_n who_o bitter_o declaim_v every_o where_o against_o his_o life_n and_o action_n he_o at_o last_o resolve_v to_o return_v into_o italy_n with_o a_o safe_a conduct_n before_o he_o depart_v he_o be_v by_o order_n from_o the_o king_n question_v by_o some_o commissionated_a bishop_n what_o he_o think_v of_o the_o religion_n and_o church_n of_o england_n which_o for_o so_o many_o year_n he_o have_v own_v and_o obey_v and_o what_o he_o will_v say_v of_o it_o in_o the_o roman_a court_n to_o this_o query_n he_o give_v in_o write_v this_o memorable_a answer_n i_o be_o resolve_v even_o with_o the_o danger_n of_o my_o life_n to_o profess_v before_o the_o pope_n himself_o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v a_o true_a and_o orthodox_n church_n of_o christ_n this_o he_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o faithful_o perform_v for_o though_o soon_o after_o his_o departure_n there_o come_v a_o book_n out_o of_o the_o low_a country_n false_o bear_v his_o name_n by_o who_o title_n many_o be_v deceive_v even_o among_o the_o english_a and_o thereby_o move_v to_o tax_v he_o with_o apostasy_n and_o of_o be_v another_o eubolius_fw-la yet_o when_o he_o come_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v most_o kind_o entertain_v in_o the_o palace_n of_o pope_n gregory_n the_o fifteen_o who_o former_o have_v be_v his_o fellow-student_n he_o can_v never_o be_v persuade_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o other_o who_o daily_o throng_v upon_o he_o neither_o to_o subscribe_v the_o new-devised-tenet_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n or_o to_o retract_v those_o orthodox_n book_n which_o he_o have_v print_v in_o england_n and_o germany_n or_o to_o renounce_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o who_o defence_n he_o constant_o persist_v to_o the_o very_a last_o but_o present_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o pope_n gregory_n he_o be_v imprison_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o inquisitor_n in_o castle_n st._n angelo_n where_o by_o be_v barbarous_o use_v and_o almost_o starve_v he_o soon_o get_v a_o mortal_a sickness_n and_o die_v in_o a_o few_o day_n though_o not_o without_o suspicion_n of_o be_v poison_v the_o day_n follow_v his_o corpse_n be_v by_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o inquisition_n tie_v to_o a_o infamous_a stake_n and_o there_o burn_v to_o ash_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o that_o he_o refuse_v to_o make_v abjuration_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o subscribe_v some_o of_o the_o lately-made-decree_n of_o trent_n which_o be_v press_v upon_o he_o as_o canon_n of_o the_o catholic_n faith_n ay_o have_v take_v occasion_n to_o insert_v this_o narration_n perhaps_o not_o know_v to_o many_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o reverend_a prelate_n who_o do_v great_a service_n to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n may_v just_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n let_v we_o hear_v therefore_o what_o he_o teach_v and_o write_v when_o he_o be_v in_o england_n in_o his_o book_n the_o repâ—b_n eccl._n lib._n 5._o cap._n 6._o num._n 20._o for_o a_o thousand_o year_n together_o say_v he_o the_o holy_a catholic_n church_n content_a with_o a_o sober_a knowledge_n of_o divine_a mystery_n believe_v sober_o and_o safe_o do_v teach_v that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n due_o consecrate_a the_o faithful_a do_v own_o receive_v and_o eat_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o by_o the_o sacred_a bread_n and_o wine_n be_v give_v to_o they_o but_o as_o to_o the_o particular_a manner_n how_o that_o precious_a body_n and_o blood_n be_v offer_v and_o give_v by_o that_o mysterious_a sacrament_n the_o church_n
sacramental_a figure_n no_o more_o can_v the_o bread_n be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n 5._o as_o to_o what_o bellarmine_n and_o other_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a the_o word_n of_o christ_n can_v be_v true_a but_o by_o that_o conversion_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n call_v transubstantiation_n that_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v it_o will_v first_o deny_v the_o divine_a omnipotency_n as_o though_o god_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n present_a and_o true_o to_o give_v it_o in_o the_o sacrament_n whilst_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n remain_v 2._o it_o will_v be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o divine_a benediction_n which_o preserve_v thing_n in_o their_o proper_a be_v 3._o it_o will_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o a_o sacrament_n which_o always_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n and_o last_o it_o will_v in_o some_o manner_n destroy_v the_o true_a substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v of_o bread_n and_o wine_n by_o a_o priest_n without_o a_o most_o high_a presumption_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n remain_v constant_a and_o can_v be_v defend_v without_o overthrow_v so_o many_o other_o great_a truth_n suppose_v a_o testator_n put_v deed_n and_o title_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o heir_n with_o these_o word_n take_v the_o house_n which_o i_o bequeath_v thou_o there_o be_v no_o man_n will_v think_v that_o those_o write_n and_o parchment_n be_v that_o very_a house_n which_o be_v make_v of_o wood_n or_o stone_n and_o yet_o no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o the_o testator_n speak_v false_o or_o obscure_o likewise_o our_o bless_a saviour_n have_v sanctify_v the_o element_n by_o his_o word_n and_o prayer_n give_v they_o to_o his_o disciple_n as_o seal_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n whereby_o they_o be_v as_o certain_o secure_v of_o those_o rich_a and_o precious_a legacy_n which_o he_o leave_v to_o they_o as_o child_n be_v of_o their_o father_n land_n and_o inheritance_n by_o deed_n and_o instrument_n sign_v and_o deliver_v for_o that_o purpose_n 6._o to_o the_o sacred_a record_n we_o may_v add_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n for_o those_o orthodox_n and_o holy_a doctor_n of_o our_o holy_a religion_n those_o great_a light_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n do_v all_o clear_o constant_o and_o unanimous_o conspire_v in_o this_o that_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v only_o mystic_a and_o spiritual_a as_o for_o the_o entire_a annihilation_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o the_o wine_n or_o that_o new_a and_o strange_a tenet_n of_o transubstantiation_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v or_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o nay_o the_o constant_a stream_n of_o their_o doctrine_n do_v clear_o run_v against_o it_o how_o great_a soever_o be_v the_o brag_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o papist_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o if_o you_o will_v hear_v they_o one_o by_o one_o i_o shall_v bring_v some_o of_o their_o most_o note_a passage_n only_o that_o our_o labour_n may_v not_o be_v endless_a by_o rehearse_v all_o that_o they_o have_v say_v to_o our_o purpose_n on_o this_o subject_n 7._o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o that_o holy_a and_o ancient_a doctor_n justin_n martyr_n who_o be_v one_o 144._o of_o the_o first_o after_o the_o apostle_n time_n who_o undoubted_a write_n be_v come_v to_o we_o what_o be_v believe_v at_o rome_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o his_o time_n concern_v this_o holy_a mystery_n may_v well_o be_v understand_v out_o of_o these_o his_o word_n after_o that_o the_o bishop_n have_v pray_v and_o bless_v and_o the_o people_n say_v amen_o those_o who_o we_o call_v deacon_n or_o minister_n give_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o that_o be_v present_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z bread_n and_o wine_n and_o that_o food_n we_o call_v the_o eucharist_n for_o we_o do_v not_o receive_v it_o as_o ordinary_a bread_n and_o wine_n they_o receive_v it_o as_o bread_n yet_o not_o as_o common_a bread_n and_o a_o little_a after_o by_o this_o food_n digest_v our_o flesh_n and_o blood_n be_v feed_v and_o we_o be_v teach_v that_o it_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n therefore_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n remain_v and_o remain_v corruptible_a food_n even_o after_o the_o consecration_n which_o can_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v say_v of_o the_o immortal_a body_n of_o christ_n for_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o turn_v into_o our_o flesh_n neither_o do_v it_o nourish_v it_o as_o do_v that_o food_n which_o be_v sacramental_o call_v the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n feed_v our_o soul_n unto_o eternal_a life_n 8._o after_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o be_v write_v by_o that_o holy_a martyr_n irenaeus_n bishop_n much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o bread_n 160._o which_o be_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v no_o more_o common_a bread_n after_o the_o invocation_n of_o god_n upon_o it_o but_o be_v become_v the_o eucharist_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n 34._o the_o one_o earthly_a and_o the_o other_o heavenly_a there_o will_v be_v nothing_o earthly_a if_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v remove_v again_o as_o the_o grain_n of_o wheat_n fall_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o die_v rise_v again_o much_o increase_v and_o then_o receive_v the_o word_n of_o god_n become_v the_o 12._o eucharist_n which_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n so_o likewise_o our_o body_n nourish_v by_o it_o lay_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o dissolve_v shall_v rise_v again_o in_o their_o time_n again_o we_o be_v feed_v by_o the_o creature_n ibid._n but_o it_o be_v he_o himself_o that_o give_v it_o he_o have_v ordain_v and_o appoint_v that_o cup_n which_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o his_o blood_n also_o and_o that_o bread_n which_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o also_o his_o body_n and_o so_o when_o the_o bread_n and_o the_o cup_n be_v bless_v by_o god_n word_n they_o become_v the_o eucharist_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o from_o they_o our_o body_n receive_v nourishment_n and_o increase_n now_o that_o our_o flesh_n be_v feed_v and_o increase_v by_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n can_v be_v say_v without_o great_a impiety_n by_o themselves_o that_o hold_v transubstantiation_n for_o natural_o nothing_o nourish_v our_o body_n but_o what_o be_v make_v flesh_n and_o blood_n by_o the_o last_o digestion_n which_o it_o will_v be_v blasphemous_a to_o say_v of_o the_o incorruptible_a body_n of_o christ_n yet_o the_o sacred_a element_n which_o in_o some_o manner_n be_v and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n yield_v nourishment_n and_o increase_n to_o our_o body_n by_o their_o earthly_a nature_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o by_o virtue_n also_o of_o the_o heavenly_a and_o spiritual_a food_n which_o the_o faithful_a receive_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o material_a our_o body_n be_v fit_v for_o a_o bless_a resurrection_n to_o immortal_a glory_n 9_o tertullian_n who_o flourish_v about_o the_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o christ_n when_o 200._o as_o yet_o he_o be_v catholic_n and_o act_v by_o a_o pious_a zeal_n write_v against_o martion_n the_o heretic_n who_o among_o his_o other_o impious_a opinion_n teach_v that_o christ_n have_v not_o take_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n the_o very_a nature_n and_o substance_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n but_o only_o the_o outward_a form_n and_o appearance_n out_o of_o which_o fountain_n the_o romish_a transubstantiator_n seem_v to_o have_v draw_v their_o doctrine_n of_o accident_n abstract_v from_o their_o subject_n hang_v in_o the_o air_n that_o be_v subsist_v on_o nothing_o tertullian_n dispute_v against_o this_o wicked_a heresy_n draw_v a_o argument_n 40._o from_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n to_o prove_v that_o christ_n have_v not_o a_o fantastic_a and_o imaginary_a but_o a_o true_a and_o natural_a body_n thus_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n prove_v it_o to_o be_v natural_a for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o figure_n of_o a_o ghost_n or_o a_o phantasm_n but_o say_v he_o christ_n have_v take_v the_o bread_n and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n make_v it_o his_o body_n by_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n that_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o my_o body_n now_o it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v a_o figure_n except_o the_o body_n be_v real_a for_o a_o mere_a appearance_n a_o imaginary_a phantasm_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o a_o figure_n each_o part_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v true_a and_o contain_v a_o necessary_a conclusion_n for_o 1._o the_o bread_n must_v remain_v bread_n otherwise_o martion_n will_v have_v return_v the_o argument_n against_o tertullian_n say_v as_o the_o
christ_n 17._o let_v the_o champion_n of_o transubstantiation_n strut_v and_o vapour_n now_o with_o their_o two_o and_o thirty_o stout_a second_o v._n who_o have_v stand_v for_o they_o as_o they_o say_v before_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o for_o what_o 1_o innocent_a the_o three_o decree_v and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n 4._o define_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n that_o the_o bread_n be_v so_o change_v into_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n vanish_v away_o only_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n shall_v remain_v under_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n not_o only_o as_o to_o the_o name_n but_o as_o to_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v whole_o destitute_a of_o the_o patronage_n of_o antiquity_n and_o left_a to_o shift_v for_o itself_o indulg_n alphonsus_n à _fw-fr castro_n say_v that_o in_o ancient_a writer_n mention_n be_v make_v very_o seldom_o of_o transubstantiation_n have_v he_o say_v never_o it_o have_v be_v more_o true_a for_o so_o our_o jesuit_n 4._o in_o england_n confess_v that_o the_o business_n of_o transubstantiation_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v by_o the_o ancient_a father_n which_o be_v very_o true_a as_o will_v appear_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o century_n from_o who_o we_o may_v easy_o deduce_v and_o trace_v the_o history_n of_o papal_a transubstantiation_n 1._o what_o manner_n of_o pope_n they_o be_v in_o those_o time_n 2._o the_o unhappy_a age_n wherein_o divine_n be_v divide_v about_o the_o point_n of_o the_o eucharist_n 3._o the_o opinion_n of_o fulbertus_n 4._o follow_v by_o his_o disciple_n berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v oppose_v by_o other_o 5_o 6._o the_o doctrine_n of_o berengarius_fw-la defend_v 7._o the_o roar_n of_o leo_n the_o nine_o against_o berengarius_fw-la 8._o the_o synod_n of_o tours_n under_o victor_n the_o second_o which_o clear_v berengarius_fw-la as_o free_a from_o error_n 9_o pope_n nicolas_n the_o second_o gather_v another_o synod_n against_o berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o wondrous_a kind_n of_o recantation_n 10._o the_o author_n of_o the_o ordinary_a gloss_n censure_v the_o recantation_n impose_v on_o berengarius_fw-la 11._o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v violent_o compel_v to_o make_v it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v put_v to_o death_n lanfrancus_fw-la and_o guitmundus_n write_v against_o he_o 12._o of_o pope_n hildebrand_n and_o his_o roman_a council_n whereinis_fw-la berengarius_fw-la be_v again_o cite_v and_o condemn_v in_o vain_a 13._o the_o doctrine_n of_o st._n bernard_n approve_v 14._o the_o opinion_n of_o rupertus_n 15._o lombard_n can_v define_v nothing_o of_o the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o reason_n poor_o upon_o the_o independency_n of_o the_o accident_n 16._o otho_fw-la frisingensis_n and_o those_o of_o his_o time_n confess_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v in_o the_o eucharist_n 17._o p._n blesensis_n and_o st._n eduensis_n be_v the_o first_o that_o use_v the_o word_n of_o transubstantiation_n 18._o of_o the_o thirteen_o century_n wherein_o pope_n innocent_n the_o three_o publish_v his_o decree_n of_o the_o transubstantiation_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n 19_o and_o 20._o the_o wonderful_a pride_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o the_o lateran_n council_n determine_v nothing_o concern_v that_o point_n 21._o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o same_o innocent_a who_o by_o the_o rack_n and_o the_o fire_n seek_v to_o establish_v his_o new_a doctrine_n 22._o what_o gerson_n say_v of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o his_o time_n many_o more_o invention_n proceed_v from_o transubstantiation_n inextricable_a and_o unheard_a of_o question_n 23._o new_a order_n of_o monk_n and_o of_o the_o schoolman_n 24._o of_o their_o fine_a wrangle_n and_o dispute_v 25._o the_o sacrament_n abuse_v most_o gross_o by_o the_o patron_n of_o transubstantiation_n 26_o and_o 27._o holkot_o aquinas_n albertus_n magnus_n and_o other_o schoolman_n though_o sometime_o they_o be_v not_o for_o transubstantiation_n yet_o they_o whole_o submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pope_n 28._o of_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n which_o take_v the_o cup_n from_o the_o laity_n 29._o cardinal_n cameracensis_n deny_v that_o transubstantiation_n can_v be_v prove_v by_o holy_a scripture_n 30._o of_o the_o council_n of_o florence_n and_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o armenian_n by_o pope_n eugenius_n the_o four_o 31._o the_o papal_a curse_n in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n not_o to_o be_v fear_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o book_n 1._o we_o have_v prove_v it_o before_o that_o the_o leprosy_n of_o transubstantiation_n do_v not_o begin_v to_o spread_v over_o the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n in_o a_o thousand_o year_n after_o christ_n but_o at_o last_o the_o thousand_o year_n be_v expire_v and_o satan_n loose_v out_o of_o his_o prison_n to_o go_v and_o deceive_v the_o nation_n and_o compass_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o saint_n about_o then_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o christian_a peace_n and_o religion_n they_o begin_v here_o and_o there_o to_o dispute_v against_o the_o clear_a constant_a and_o universal_a consent_n of_o the_o father_n and_o to_o maintain_v the_o new-started_n opinion_n it_o be_v know_v to_o they_o that_o understand_v history_n what_o manner_n of_o time_n be_v then_o and_o what_o be_v those_o bishop_n who_o then_o govern_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n sylvester_n two_o john_n xix_o and_o xx_o sergius_n iv_o benedictus_fw-la viii_o john_n xxi_o benedict_n ix_o sylvester_n iii_n gregory_n vi_o damasus_n two_o leo_fw-la ix_o nicolas_n two_o gregory_n vii_o or_o hildebrand_n who_o tear_v to_o piece_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n with_o grievous_a schism_n cruel_a war_n and_o great_a slaughter_v for_o the_o roman_a pontificat_fw-la be_v come_v to_o that_o 10._o pass_n that_o good_a man_n be_v put_v by_o they_o who_o life_n and_o doctrine_n be_v pious_a be_v oppress_v none_o can_v obtain_v that_o dignity_n but_o they_o that_o can_v bribe_v best_a and_o be_v most_o ambitious_a 2._o in_o that_o unhappy_a age_n the_o learned_a be_v at_o odds_o about_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n some_o defend_v the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n and_o some_o the_o new-sprung_a up_o opinion_n 3._o fulbert_n bishop_n of_o chartres_n be_v tutor_n 1010._o to_o berengarius_fw-la who_o we_o shall_v soon_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o and_o his_o doctrine_n be_v altogether_o conformable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o primitive_a church_n as_o appear_v clear_o out_o of_o his_o epistle_n to_o adeodatus_n 1608._o wherein_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o mystery_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o eucharist_n be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v on_o with_o our_o bodily_a eye_n but_o with_o the_o eye_n of_o our_o mind_n for_o what_o appear_v outward_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v make_v inward_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n not_o that_o which_o be_v taste_v with_o the_o mouth_n but_o that_o which_o be_v relish_v by_o the_o heart_n affection_n therefore_o say_v he_o prepare_v the_o palate_n of_o thy_o faith_n open_v the_o throat_n of_o thy_o hope_n and_o enlarge_v the_o bowel_n of_o thy_o charity_n and_o take_v that_o bread_n of_o life_n which_o be_v the_o food_n of_o the_o inward_a man_n again_o the_o perception_n of_o a_o divine_a taste_n proceed_v from_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o inward_a man_n whilst_o by_o receive_v the_o save_a sacrament_n christ_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o soul_n all_o this_o be_v against_o those_o who_o teach_v in_o too_o gross_a a_o manner_n that_o christ_n in_o this_o mystery_n enter_v carnal_o the_o mouth_n and_o stomach_n of_o the_o receiver_n 4._o fulbert_n be_v follow_v by_o berengarius_fw-la 1030._o his_o scholar_n archdeacon_n of_o anger_n be_v in_o france_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n by_o the_o holiness_n both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o doctrine_n as_o platina_n vincentius_n bergomensis_n and_o many_o more_o witness_v this_o encomium_n write_v soon_o after_o his_o death_n by_o hildebert_n bishop_n of_o man_n a_o most_o learned_a man_n be_v thus_o record_v by_o our_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n 3._o that_o berengarius_fw-la who_o be_v so_o admire_v although_o his_o name_n yet_o live_v be_v now_o expire_v he_o outlive_v himself_o yet_o a_o sad_a fatal_a day_n he_o from_o the_o church_n and_o state_n do_v snatch_v away_o o_o dreadful_a day_n why_o do_v thou_o play_v the_o thief_n and_o fill_v the_o world_n with_o ruin_n and_o with_o grief_n for_o by_o his_o death_n the_o church_n the_o law_n and_o all_o the_o clergy_n glory_n do_v receive_v a_o fall_n his_o sacred_a wisdom_n be_v too_o great_a for_o fame_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v too_o little_a for_o his_o name_n which_o to_o its_o
proper_a zenith_n none_o can_v raise_v his_o merit_n do_v so_o far_o exceed_v all_o praise_n then_o sure_o thou_o be_v blessed_v nor_o do_v thou_o less_o heaven_n with_o thy_o soul_n earth_n with_o thy_o body_n bless_v when_o i_o go_v hence_o o_o may_v i_o dwell_v with_o thou_o in_o thy_o appoint_a place_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v now_o this_o berengarius_fw-la be_v not_o only_a archdeacon_n 3._o of_o anger_n be_v but_o also_o the_o scholasticus_n or_o master_n of_o the_o chair_n of_o the_o same_o church_n which_o dignity_n be_v ever_o enyoy_v by_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n for_o his_o office_n be_v in_o great_a church_n to_o teach_v the_o clergy_n and_o instruct_v they_o in_o sound_a doctrine_n all_o this_o i_o have_v produce_v more_o at_o large_a to_o manifest_v the_o base_a and_o injurious_a calumny_n cast_v upon_o this_o worthy_a and_o famous_a man_n by_o latter_a writer_n as_o 1040._o john_n garetius_n of_o louvain_n 21._o william_n alan_n our_o countryman_n and_o other_o who_o not_o only_o accuse_v he_o of_o be_v a_o heretic_n but_o also_o a_o worthless_a and_o a_o unlearned_a man_n 5._o berengarius_fw-la stand_v up_o valiant_o in_o defence_n of_o that_o doctrine_n which_o 170_o year_n before_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o god_n word_n and_o the_o holy_a father_n in_o france_n by_o bertram_n and_o john_n erigena_n and_o by_o other_o elsewhere_o against_o those_o who_o teach_v that_o in_o the_o eucharist_n neither_o bread_n nor_o wine_n remain_v after_o the_o consecration_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o either_o believe_v or_o teach_v as_o many_o false_o and_o shameless_o have_v impute_v to_o he_o that_o nothing_o more_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o lord_n supper_n but_o bare_a sign_n only_o or_o mere_a bread_n and_o wine_n but_o he_o believe_v and_o open_o profess_v as_o st._n austin_n and_o other_o faithful_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n have_v teach_v out_o of_o god_n word_n that_o in_o this_o mystery_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a be_v true_o feed_v by_o the_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n to_o life_n eternal_a nevertheless_o it_o be_v neither_o his_o mind_n nor_o his_o doctrine_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v reduce_v to_o nothing_o or_o change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n or_o as_o some_o than_o will_v have_v have_v the_o church_n believe_v that_o christ_n himself_o come_v down_o carnal_o from_o heaven_n entire_a book_n he_o write_v upon_o this_o subject_n but_o they_o have_v be_v whole_o suppress_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o now_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v yet_o what_o we_o have_v of_o he_o in_o his_o great_a enemy_n lanfrank_n i_o here_o set_v down_o by_o the_o euch._n consecration_n at_o the_o altar_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v make_v a_o sacrament_n of_o religion_n not_o to_o cease_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v but_o to_o be_v change_v into_o something_o else_o and_o to_o become_v what_o they_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o what_o st._n ambrose_n have_v teach_v again_o there_o be_v two_o part_n in_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o church_n this_o be_v according_a to_o st._n irenaeus_n the_o visible_a sacrament_n and_o the_o invisible_a thing_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n item_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v consecrate_a remain_v in_o their_o substance_n have_v a_o resemblance_n with_o that_o whereof_o they_o be_v a_o sacrament_n for_o else_o they_o can_v not_o be_v a_o sacrament_n last_o sacrament_n be_v visible_a sign_n of_o divine_a thing_n but_o in_o they_o the_o invisible_a thing_n be_v honour_v all_o this_o agree_v well_o with_o st._n austin_n and_o other_o father_n above_o cite_v 6._o he_o do_v not_o therefore_o by_o this_o his_o doctrine_n exclude_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n from_o the_o sacrament_n but_o in_o its_o right_a administration_n he_o join_v together_o the_o thing_n signify_v with_o the_o sacred_a sign_n and_o teach_v that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o eat_v with_o the_o mouth_n in_o a_o carnal_a way_n but_o with_o the_o mind_n and_o soul_n and_o spirit_n neither_o do_v berengarius_fw-la alone_o maintain_v this_o orthodox_n and_o ancient_a doctrine_n for_o editum_fw-la sigibert_n bedae_n william_n of_o malmesbury_n 1037._o matthew_n paris_n and_o annum_fw-la matthew_n of_o westminster_n make_v it_o certain_a that_o almost_o all_o the_o french_a italian_n and_o english_a of_o those_o time_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v say_v write_v and_o dispute_v in_o its_o defence_n by_o 6._o many_o man_n among_o who_o be_v bruno_n than_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o church_n of_o anger_n be_v now_o this_o great_o displease_v the_o papal_a faction_n who_o take_v great_a care_n that_o those_o man_n write_n shall_v not_o be_v deliver_v to_o posterity_n and_o now_o do_v write_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o berengarius_fw-la own_v by_o the_o father_n and_o maintain_v by_o many_o famous_a nation_n sculkt_v only_o in_o some_o dark_a corner_n or_o other_o 7._o the_o first_o pope_n who_o oppose_v himself_o to_o berengarius_fw-la be_v leo_n the_o 9_o nine_o a_o plain_a man_n indeed_o but_o too_o much_o lead_v by_o humbert_n and_o hildebrand_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v desire_v citato_fw-la he_o pronounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o berengarius_fw-la absent_a and_o unheard_a and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o call_v a_o council_n at_o verceil_n wherein_o john_n erigena_n and_o berengarius_fw-la man_n be_v condemn_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o they_o shall_v say_v that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o bereng_n eucharist_n be_v only_o bare_a sign_n which_o be_v far_o from_o their_o thought_n and_o far_a yet_o from_o their_o belief_n this_o roar_a therefore_o of_o the_o lion_n fright_v not_o berengarius_fw-la nay_o the_o etc._n gallican_n church_n do_v also_o oppose_v the_o pope_n and_o his_o synod_n of_o verceil_n and_o defend_v with_o berengarius_fw-la the_o oppress_a truth_n 8._o to_o leo_n succeed_v pope_n victor_n the_o second_o ii_o who_o see_v that_o berengarius_fw-la can_v not_o be_v cast_v down_o and_o crush_v by_o the_o fulmination_n of_o his_o predecessor_n send_v his_o legate_n hildebrand_n into_o france_n and_o call_v another_o council_n at_o tours_n where_o berengarius_fw-la be_v cite_v do_v free_o appear_v and_o whence_o he_o be_v free_o dismiss_v after_o he_o have_v give_v it_o under_o his_o hand_n that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o church_n be_v not_o shadow_n and_o empty_a figure_n and_o that_o he_o hold_v none_o other_o but_o the_o common_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n for_o he_o do_v not_o alter_v his_o judgement_n as_o modern_a papist_n give_v out_o but_o he_o persist_v to_o teach_v and_o maintain_v the_o same_o doctrine_n as_o before_o as_o lanfrank_n complain_v of_o he_o 9_o yet_o his_o enemy_n will_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v ii_o with_o this_o but_o they_o urge_v pope_n nicholas_n the_o second_o who_o within_o a_o few_o month_n that_o stephen_n the_o ten_o sit_v succeed_v victor_n without_o the_o emperor_n consent_n to_o call_v a_o new_a council_n at_o rome_n against_o berengarius_fw-la for_o that_o sensual_a manner_n of_o presence_n by_o they_o devise_v to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o christ_n be_v reject_v by_o berengarius_fw-la and_o he_o teach_v as_o he_o do_v before_o that_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n be_v not_o present_a in_o such_o a_o sort_n as_o that_o it_o may_v be_v at_o pleasure_n bring_v in_o and_o out_o take_v into_o the_o stomach_n cast_v on_o the_o ground_n tread_v under_o foot_n and_o bit_n or_o devour_v by_o any_o beast_n they_o false_o charge_v he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v deny_v that_o it_o be_v present_a at_o all_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirteen_o bishop_n come_v to_o the_o 1059._o council_n to_o obey_v the_o pope_n mandate_n berengarius_fw-la come_v also_o and_o as_o 1059._o sigonius_n and_o 33._o leo_n ostiensis_n say_v when_o none_o present_a can_v withstand_v he_o they_o send_v for_o one_o albericus_n a_o monk_n of_o mont_n cassin_n make_v cardinal_n by_o pope_n stephen_n who_o have_v ask_v seven_o day_n time_n to_o answer_v in_o writing_n bring_v at_o last_o his_o scroll_n against_o berengarius_fw-la the_o reason_n and_o argument_n use_v therein_o to_o convince_v his_o antagonist_n be_v not_o now_o extant_a but_o whatever_o they_o be_v berengarius_fw-la be_v command_v present_o without_o any_o delay_n 18._o to_o recant_v in_o that_o form_n prescribe_v and_o appoint_v by_o cardinal_n humbert_n which_o be_v thus_o 42._o ay_o berengarius_fw-la etc._n etc._n assent_n to_o the_o holy_a roman_a and_o apostolic_a see_v and_o with_o my_o heart_n and_o mouth_n do_v profess_v that_o i_o hold_v that_o faith_n concern_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n table_n which_o our_o lord_n and_o venerable_a pope_n nicholas_n and_o this_o sacred_a council_n have_v