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A93131 The Quakers wilde questions objected against the ministers of the Gospel, and many sacred acts and offices of religion. With brief answers thereunto. Together with a discourse [brace] 1. Of the Holy Spirit of God, his impressions and workings on the souls of men. 2. Of divine revelation, mediate and immediate. 3. Of error, heresie, and schism: the nature, kindes, causes, reasons, and dangers thereof: with directions for avoiding the same. All very seasonable for these times. / By R. Sherlock, B D. at Borwick-Hal in Lancashire. Sherlock, R. (Richard), 1612-1689. 1655 (1655) Wing S3255; Thomason E858_1; ESTC R203556 215,435 300

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ubique ab omnibus at all times in all places by all persons Councels and Fathers and is by the merciful providence of God in spite of all opposition from Infidels Heretiques and Schismatiques brought down unto us Prov. 3.5 This Faith must be the rule according to which we must steer our interpretations of holy Scriptures not leaning to our own understanding or abounding in our own sense but ever submitting our private judgement to the publique judgement of the Church which in the Apostles own times was commanded when the gift of prophesie or interpretation of Scripture was by more immediate and extraordinary inspiration communicated yet even then the judgement of the Church was to be allowed in the interpretation of Scripture 1 Cor. 14.29 Let the Prophets speak two or three and let the other judge objection But 't is here objected Numb 16.14 Wilt thou put out the eyes of these people must we not see with our own eyes but only with those of the Church Shall we pin our faith upon any mens sleeves What need we the authority of men when we have Gods own authority for our direction and men are but men i. e. frail and liable to error so that all they affirm is not to be taken for Gospel In answer whereunto consider answer 1. That there is a great deal of difference betwixt an implicite faith and blinde obedience to the dictates of the Church and a submission to the publique judgement thereof The first deprives the people of their reason and judgement the second renders them more meek humble submissive and obedient and thereby more capable to receive the impression of the knowledge of celestial mysteries 2. Nihil carum rerum scire quae antè nascereris sacta sum hoc est semper esse puerum Cic. That we assert not the ancient and learned Fathers of the Church ut dominos sed ut duces fidei Not as Lords over our faith but as guides in the true belief And he that knows nothing of the Religion of the Fathers for his guidance and direction is most likely still to continue a childe in his religion Nor 3. Quicquid omnes vel plures uno eodemque sensu manifestè frequenter perseveranter velut quod am sibi consentiente concilio accipiendo tenendo tradendo firmaverint id pro indubitato certo ratoque habeatur Quicquid vero quamvis ille doctus sanctus quamvis Episcopus praeter omnes aut etiam contra omnes senserit id inter proprias privatas opiniunculas à communis publicae generalis sententiae authoritate secretum sit Vinc. Lyr. are we to receive for Oracle all that the ancient reverend Fathers of the Church did affirm being very few amongst them but had their particular errors and mistakes and in many particulars also 't is confessed they did contradict each other 'T is not therefore the affirmations and private opinions of particular persons we must look upon as the Doctrine of true Religion and true meaning of the Scriptures but the general and universal consent of all for that all should erre and fall from the truth is contrary to what our Lord hath promised who will undoubtedly be as good as his word Mat. 16.18 Vpon this rock I will build my Church and the gates of Hell shall never prevail against it and Mat. 28.20 I am with you alway even to the end of the world In a word in the interpretation of Scriptures and for the confirmation of holy truths thence deduced the authority of the ancient Fathers and Doctors of the Church is to be consulted and known for these reasons 1. Because they are certain and undeniable witnesses of what the Church and the people of Christ did in their respective times believe and hold for orthodox Doctrine If the same doctrine St. Augustine taught in Africk was also taught by St. Chrysostome in Greece by St. Ambrose in Italy by St. Hierome in Palestine and so in other places by holy and reverend Bishops and Pastors of the Church then this undoubtedly was the doctrine of the Church and thus were the holy Scriptures understood in those ages of the Church Ita intellexit Ambrosius ita Cyprianus c. Thus Ambrose thus Cyprian understood such or such a place of Scripture this had some weight in St. August time and St. Aug. opinion and there is no reason but that it should be of the same force still amongst us 'T is no way probable but that persons so eminent in learning and in piety so frequent in holy prayers and meditations in fastings and wailings so indefatigable in their studies and labours in the Word and Doctrine and who laid down their lives and fortunes for the doctrine they preached should more truly understand the Scriptures and the truth of Christian Religion then we who if there be any thing of Modesty and Humility in our hearts must confesse our selves far inferiour to them in the said gifts and graces of the holy Spirit Vsque adeo promiscuit imis summa longus dies c. Aug. Hath time so confounded all things is light so changed into darkness and darkness become light ut videant Pelagius c. that Haeretiques now are the only seers Et caeci sunt Hilarius Cyprianus Ambrosiùs And the learned pious Fathers of the Church become blinde The words are too much appliable to the Heretiques of the times 3. The judgement of the Fathers being so far remote from these times wherein we live must needs be impartial as to the controversies amongst us touching the interpretation of any texts of Scripture or doctrines therein delivered as being altogether disinterested and knowing nothing of our disputes and contestations thereabouts Nullas nobiscum vel vobiscum amicitias attenderunt c. Aug. contra Julian Pelag. They were neither in friendship nor in community with us or with them who in this age are of a contrary opinion to us they were neither angry with us nor them neither did they pity either of us but what they found professed in the Church they faithfully preserved what they learned they taught and what they received from their fathers they delivered unto us their children and undoubtedly Survey of the pretended discipline as a learned man of our Church observes they that contemn the learned Fathers that went before them do but open a gap to their own discredit making way thereby to be contemned themselves by all those that shall come after 4. We cannot but reasonably imagine that those holy and learned persons who lived nearer the Apostles times should proportionably know better the Apostles meaning in their writings and the doctrine they preached then any of us who live so many hundred years since Therefore saith Irenaeus Iren. l. 3. ch 4. who was the Disciple of Polycarpus the Disciple of St. John Where any question ariseth and the holy Scripture as 't is too common Vinc. Ler. is so perverted as
of Religion if he win ground in the ceremonies and make a Schism there he will not be long from the Sacraments and produce Heresies in them Thus 't was amongst the Corinthians 1 Cor. 11. From their neglect of Ceremonies sitting covered at prayer they grew as irreverent and homely with the Sacrament eating Bishop Andr. serm upon 1 Cor. 11.16 and drinking as if they had been at home so that the Apostle is fain to tell them vers 22. That they had homes to be homely at The Church the house of God was no place for such irreverent demeanor And the like is obvious to each mans observation amongst us how the decent ceremonies and publique orders of Prayer and of the Sacraments being struck at the substance of both hath not long continued free from that impetuous violence of factious and schismatical spirits 3. This will yet further appear if we consider the nature of contention which is so unruly that it knows no bounds and limits but like waters overflowing the banks which run endwise ever without return so Prov. 17.14 The beginning of strife is as when one letteth out water therefore leave off contention before it be medled with To contend for the true faith is commendable and commanded also Jude 3. but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 contention is one thing and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be contentious is another To contend for the Truth is the duty of all good Christians but to contentious about harmless ceremonies and things indifferent is not the custome of Gods Church and people If any man list to be contentious we have no such custome nor the Church of God 1 Cor. 11.16 From the cohaerence of which Text the danger of contentiousness is also observable For 1. all the contention was about ceremonies about wearing long or short hair praying covered or bare vers 13 14 15. vers 4 5 6. And being contentious about these things presently there followed Schisms or divisions amongst them vers 18. and shortly after down-right Heresies vers 19. Thus Pruritus disputandi becomes Scabies Ecclesiae the itch of contention breeds the scab of Schism and Heresie in the Church Hear from a person interested in such contentions the truth hereof confessed Baxter Saints Rest 3. Part ch 13. Publique wars and private quarrels which do usually pretend to the reformation of the Church the vindicating of the truth and the welfare of souls do usually prove in the issue the greatest means to overthrow all it is as natural for wars and contentious to produce Errors Schisms contempt of Magistracy Ministry and Ordinances as it is for a dead carrion to breed worms and vermine beleeve it from one who hath too many years experience of it both in armies and Garrisons It is as hard a thing to maintain in a people a sound understanding tender conscience a lively gracious heavenly frame of spirit and upright life in a way of war and contention as to keep a candle lighted in a storm or under the waters 4. When a Schism is once made and the communion of the Church deserted the separatists like travellers out of the beaten road finde no path to walk in and so become circular and endless in their waies or like such folks which continually toss and turn themselves upon their bed seeking that rest and repose which cannot be found till the humours of the body recover their due temper and be confin'd to their proper limits Hence it comes to pass that new doctrines and new opinions in religion are commonly broacht and set a foot by Schismaticks and this in opposition still to those ancient Truths which are the doctrines of the Church from which they have separated themselves It being the essential property of a Schismatick like Proteus to change his minde into every opinion represented to his fancy as plausible Hereunto agrees that ancient authentick father of the Church Irenaeus Alienati vero à veritate digni in emni volutantur errore fluctuati abeo aliter atque aliter per tempora de iisdem sentientes nunquam scientiam slabilem habentes Iren. l. 3. c. 4. adv Haer. When men are once alienated from the truth they deservedly wallow themselves in the mire of all kinde of errors being tossed to and fro thereby Sometime of one opinion and sometime of another even in the same things having no certain fixt and setled knowledge at all And the reason hereof why Schismatiques must need become Heretiques is rendred by S. Hierome Nullum Schisma non sibi aliquam fingit Haeresim ut rectè ab ecclesia recessisse videatur Hier. ad Tit. c. 3. No Schism saith he but will beget an Heresie that thereby the Schismatique may the better maintain his unlawful separation from the Church CHAP. V. Of the causes of Heresie and Schism and the manners of Heretiques HE that will convert an Heretique Eum qui Haereticum vult convertere oportet scire regulas sive argumenta eorum Nec n. est possibile alioui curare quosdam malè habentes qui ignorat passionem eorum qui malè valent Iren. part in lib. 4. advers Haer. saith Ireneus he must know as the arguments which they use so the Rules whereby they proceed It being not possible for any to work a cure upon another that is diseased if he know not the causes of his disease and the waies of its progresse in the infection of the humors spirits or more solid parts of the body so that to heal the distempers of Heresie and Schism 't is necessary to search out the causes and take notice of those evil waies and corrupt customes of seduced spirits 1. The first original cause of all Heresies and Schisms is pride and ambition which was the original sin both in men and Devils saith Syracides Ecclus. 10.13 Therefore he admonisheth Extoll not thy self in the counsel of thine own heart that thy soul be not torn in pieces as a wilde bull straying alone chap. 6.2 Thus Simon Magus the first Heretique in the Church of Christ bewitched the people of Samaria giving out that himself was some great one Act. 8.9 Thus Montanus as Eusebius records Eccles Hi l. lib. 5. cap. 16. being inflamed with the greedy desire of primacy and superiority yeelded to the Actings of contrary or evil spirits in himself by whom being sodainly extasied and entransed he began to utter strange and new doctrines contrary to such as were generally received in the Church pretending to the gift of prophesie by immediate Revelation Theodor. l. 1. hist eccl c. 24. Thus Arrius and Novatus being defeated of their ambitious desires of being Bishops the one of Alexandria the other of Rome became the heads and pestilent Authors of most pernicious Heresies Si n. radix elationis abscinditur rami pravae assertionis arefiunt Greg. that they might lift up themselves to be the heads and leaders of Heretiques since they could not be so of
Prayer the which is not only commanded by our Lord to be used when we pray Luk. 11.2 but by the which also we do communicate in our prayers with all holy orthodox Christians there being no time when ever we do use this prayer but many thousands of pious persons are at the same time powring forth their souls unto God in the words of the same prayer To neglect therefore much more to despise the use of this prayer if it be not a piece of disobedience to the plain and positive command of Christ and so a branch of Hecesie yet 't is a depriving our selves of the greatest benefit of the Communions of Saints and so a branch of Schism 7. As to the Sacraments that we reject what ever doth either obstruct the use or deny the efficacy either of Baptism Mat. 26 26 27 28.19 Job 6.51,53 Act. 2.38 or the Supper of the Lord The use thereof being positively commanded and the efficacy thereof as positively asserted by Christ himself These being also the seales of the covenant of grace Baptism the seale of our admission and the Eucharist of our confirmation in the most holy faith whatsover opinion therefore either opposeth the practise or disanuls the vertuous influence of these holy Christian performances makes void the commandements of Christ infringeth the seales of the new Covenant obstructs the blessed means of grace and must therefore necessarily be false erroneous and destructive to the Truth 2. Id teneamus quod semper quodubique quod ab emnibus Vinc. Lir. c. 3. A second general rule for the avoiding of errors is That in these and in all things that relate to Religion we suspect every opinion that is new and strange to be false and erroneous for 't is a certain and infallible rule That what is most ancient and generally received is most true For God who is the fountain of Truth is immutable Jam. 1.17 with him is no variableness nor shadow of turning And holy Truth being a celestial ray displayed from his sacred Majesty must needs be like unto him ever constant to it self and not liable to alteration That we may be guided in the waies of Truth hear what counsel the holy Ghost in this respect gives unto us Deut. 4.32 Aske now of the daies that are past which were before thee from the day that God created man upon earth c. and Job 8.8,9,10 For inquire I pray thee of the former age and prepare thy self to the search of their Fathers For we are of yesterday and know nothing Shall not they teach thee and tell thee And Jer. 6.6 Thus saith the Lord stand ye in the waies and see and for the old paths where is the good way and walk therein and ye shall finde rest for your souls But they said 't is the saying of all Heretiques and Schismatiques we will not walk therein we are for new waies new lights and new revelations we have itching ears and these must be scratcht with new doctrines till the scab of Heresie arise upon the soul your old Doctrines are out of date they are nauseous and offensive 2 Tim. 4.3,4 their age and antiquity makes them tedious to our souls thus sound doctrine will not be endured because men have itching ears and therefore they shall be tutned away from the truth and shall be turned unto fables and lies But Catholicorum hoc fere proprium c. Vinc. lirin It is the prophesie of all holy Catholick good Christians to hold fast the Doctrines deposited and committed by the Apostles first to the ancient fathers of the Church and by them transmitted to all posterity O Timothy keep that which is committed to thy trust avoiding profane and vain bablings profane and vain because new and strange Quae à me non audisti saith S. Hierome Hier. in loc 1 Tim. 6.20 Cum Galatae falsis Prophetis auditis nausea quadam veritatis adsecti catholicae doctrinae manna revementes haereticae novitatis sordibus oblectarentur it a se Apostolica exercuit authorit as ut summa cwn veritate decern●ret Licet nos aut angelus de coelo c. Vinc. c. 12. Doctrines which the Apostles delivered not Nay if they should deliver any doctrine strange and new or if an Angel from heaven should do it the Apostle hath said it and said it again Though we or an Angell from heaven should preach any other Gospel then that you have received let him be accursed Gal. 1.9 Let that therfore abide in you which ye have heard from the beginning if that which ye have heard from the beginning remain in you then shall ye also continue in the Son and in the Father 1 Joh. 2.24 And this same rule is again prescribed 2 Joh. 6. and the reason is given vers 7. Because many deceivers are entred into the world q. d. the way not to be deceived is to hold fast what you heard from the beginning and to walk in it Thus the Nicene Fathers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hold fast the old doctrines and usages of the Church And this was ever the cry of the Church Mos antiquus obtineat let antiquity be the judge what is true and what false He therefore that will not headlong himself into Heresie must not be new fangled in his Religion not affecting novelty but stick close to antiquity receiving nothing for truth but what was first received by our ancestors and delivered from one generation to another by continued succession from the times of the Apostles For we must not follow Religion saith the Father Nil novandum msi quod traditum est Nos religionem non quâ vellemus ducere sed quâ illa duceret sequi oportet Vinc. adv Haer. c. 9. which way we would lead it but what way Religion leads us 3. To avoid errors in Religion we must beware of extremity in opposing errors 'T is an ordinary piece of cunning in the devil as Luther hath observed Discamus hoc esse proprium diaboli artificium si non potest nocere persequendo destruendo hoc sacit corrigendo aedificando Luc. de refut Haer. that whom he cannot hurt by persecution and affliction he hath ruin'd in the way of correction aedification and reformation Thus by sad experience we have seen almost an extirpation of Religion under the notion of Reformation a blinde zeal of reforming errors hath deformed the truth it self and in stead of paring the nails hath cut off both the hands and feet of Christs spouse the Church Thus in opposition to Prelacy we have run into Anarchy and in crying out Popery popery we have cryed down many necessary Truths and banisht all decency and order in divine worship together with all Ecclesiastical Discipline and government from amongst us Thus also a pretended purity to separate from sinners hath caused many to separate from people more righteous then themselves and whilest they have presumptuously thought to leave the wicked
dictates of the holy Spirit So that hereby preaching is not only turned into foolishness indeed but into sinfulness also and that holy ordinance intended by God for the conversion and confirmation of souls in Truth is become through the abuse of unskilful and illiterate Zealots one of the Devils engins whereby he entraps the unsteady souls of men into errors and deceits And that which further hath added to increase this infection and plague of the holy and true Religion is a crying Reformation and Liberty of conscience which are necessary if righly understood and kept within their due limits under which specious pretences many necessary and useful Truths are decryed and licentiousness of opinion hath got footing every one taking liberty to believe and disbelieve what he list to be of this of that and of every opinion but what is orthodox and true and under the cloke of Religion wounding and even stabbing to the heart that sacred body through its own bleeding sides using the sharp and severe instrument of Reformation not only to pare the nails but cut off the hands and many the most principal parts and Members of the body spiritual crying down publique Prayers confessions of Sin Catechisms Creeds the Commandements Sacraments and preaching down even Preaching it self and the preachers also there being not a few who with the same breath dare both presumptuously blaspheme and sacrilegiously invade the high and holy calling of the Priesthood calling learning a mark of the Beast and lawful ordination to the Ministery a badge of Antichrist Decency and order in Gods service the painting of the strumpet and deckings of the whore of Babylon reading of holy Scriptures singing of Psalmes and all discreet forms of devotion and methods of divine service beggerly elements pieces of wil-worship and carnal Gospelling and the Scriptures themselves a dead letter and uselesse to them who understand the Mysteries of godliness by immediate Revelation It would be endless to rake into the puddle of those manifold pollutions wherewith many thousands of people in these broken and distracted times have both polluted themselves and endevoured also to profane and unhallow what ever is most sacred and dear to all discreetly pious and knowingly conscientious Christians whilest the authors of all such confusions with those grand Heretiques the spawn of Simon Magus in the daies of Irenaeus are called by themselves The elect the perfect the seed of God having an unction from the holy One being taught from above c. Whereupon their hearts are so uplifted within them that they deny all respect to their superiours speak evil of dignities despise their Mother the Church smite their brethren and fellow servants with reproaches and injurious revilings calling them the wicked of the world the seed of the Serpent the Reprobate for whom is reserved blackness of darkness c. Nor may we here justifie our selves though perhaps free from the infection of such wilde opinions and bold heaven-daring presumptions as if therefore we did contribute nothing there unto But rather in all humility and godly sorrow we must confess that both our national and personal sins have provoked the most just God to give up our holy orthodox Church to be torn and mangled by such confusions and disorders and our holy Religion to be eaten up by such vermin as our own corrupt manners have bred and nourished For when men see such as professe the Truth to be guilty of all kinde of disorderly and licentious living the truth it self becomes hereby scandalized and that Religion which such wicked persons professe is called in question and doubted whether it be of God or no. That therefore which S. Paul said unto the Jewes Rom. 2.23,24 is too much appliable to many Orthodox Christians amongst us who professe the Law of Truth and declaim much against Heresies and Schisms in Religion and yet through their lewd and exorbitant lives breaking those very Lawes of Truth which they do professe the Name of God is thereby dishonoured and that Truth whereof God is the Author is blasphemed and evil spoken of by the Heretical gainsayers and opposers thereof There are but two waies for the suppression of those Heretiques who stop their eares and harden their hearts against the Doctrine and instruction of the Church 1. A well established Ecclesiastical Government by whose coercive Lawes the people may be kept within the limits of the true faith as to the outward profession thereof in themselves and debarred the seduction of others 2. An Exemplary piety in the professors of the Truth that others may be won by their good conversation to the acknowledgement of the truth And now that the former of these viz. The arm of Ecclesiastical Government is broken and the hedge of Gods inclosed Garden thrown down which should have kept out the Foxes from eating up the Vines there is no way left us to put to silence gain-saying and seduced persons but to adorn our profession with holiness of conversation and carefully to avoid all those disorderly and licentious manners which scandalize our Religion and unhallow the blessed name of Christ which is called upon us Having your conversation honest among the Gentiles and such as oppose the truth that whereas they speak against you as evil doers that they may by your good works which they shall behold glorifie God in the day of visitation 1 Pet. 2.12 This is required of all persons whatsoever but most especially of persons of rank and quality after whose example even without command not only most of their Dependants but even of their inferior neighbours do frame their conversations Such therefore are obliged to remember that the main end why God hath plac'd them in degree above others is That as their superiority of place is a stamp of the divine Supremacy over all so their sutable demeanor should be a leading star of holy and divine perfections unto all Being followers of God in all piety and purity of life and action that therein their people and dependants may be followers of them Nor is it the least reason why God hath suffered this late upstart generation of Heretiques to deny that respect and honour which by the Lawes both of God and man is due to their superiors because superiors have not given unto God that honour which is due unto him by being as Images of his superiority so ensamples of his perfections in all holiness justice charity purity and integrity of conversation Since it is the desire therefore of all good Christians that all Heresies should be rooted out and holy Truth restored together with a respective obedience to all our superiors according to the several relations and conditions without which we must never hope either for Truth or Peace to flourish amongst us there is assuredly no readier way now left us hereunto but that every one in his place and calling make conscience of his waies or in the words of the holy Spirit himself That every one who nameth
sway with the vulgar very much but when these Sermons discourses and books come to the scanning of judicious ears and such who have the gift of discerning spirits all their preachments prove but unprofitable prattle if not profanations of Gods holy word Their discourses of Religion unreasonable and endlesse brabbles and their books fraught with impertinencies railings and lies For the sin of their mouth and the words of their lips they shall be taken in their pride for why their preaching is of cursing and lies Ps 59.12 objection 3 But do not we hear many good things come from them and many sweet truths to the great contentment and edification of the hearers answer There are many sentences and sayings in holy Scripture and other good English books which are so plain and convincing that they cannot be wrested or perverted but when these come to be formed into a Sermon or into a continued discourse by rude and illiterate persons they are generally so disorderly and confusedly delivered so maim'd and obscur'd by insignificant impertinent and erroneous expressions which like dirt or poyson intermixt with wholsome food doth choak and kill rather then nourish and edifie the souls of the hearers The word of God which is the sword of the Spirit in the mouth of an ignorant blinde zelot is like a sword in a mad mans hand wherewith he wounds both himself and others for want of judgement to use it aright or as an unskilful Physitian though he have very good books of Physick and excellent physical receits if yet he do not fully understand these books and the nature and working of these receits and the several tempers withal to whom severally they are appliable he shall more often kill then cure his Patients Even so it is with the unskilful Physitians of the soul when they understand not the holy Word of God aright nor yet how where when and to whom the several divine receits therein are appliable they convert the soul-saving Physick thereof to a soul-killing poyson And the Word which is in it self the fountain of holy truths becomes through the misunderstanding and misapplication of ignorant interpreters and deceitful workers the nursery of Haeresies and errors And as in natural things corruptio optimi est pessima The best things corrupted are of all corruptions the worst so in supernatural and divine mysteries when the word of Truth it self is corrupted and deceitfully handled by ignorant and misguided persons there is nothing more baneful to the truth of Religion nor to the souls of men whereof true Religion is the Physitian and Guide objection 4 But hath not God expresly and plainly told us in his holy Word that he makes choice of such whom you call ignorant and illiterate persons to be the instruments of his grace and salvation unto men as Mat. 11.25 I thank thee O Father Lord of heaven and earth that thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent and hast revealed them unto babes and 1 Cor. 1.26 Not many wise men after the flesh c. answer 1. With all thankfulness and devotion of soul we acknowledge Gods infinite goodness and wisdome in the choice of Apostles and first preachers of the Gospel Non sapientes c Ne traduxisse prudentia ne redemisse divitiis ne potentiae nobilitatísque authoritate traxisse aliquos videretur Ambr. in Luc. 6. 1. Not many wise lest any might seem to have been inveigled and seduc't to Christianity by the inticing words of mans wisdome 2. Not many Rich lest our redemption might seem to be purchased with gold or silver or that worldly gain should become the motive to godliness 3. Not many Noble lest the authority of earthly powers and dignities rather then the authority of Christ and the convincing power of his truth might seem the allurement of our conversion therefore God hath chosen the foolish even Fishermen to confound the Philosophers Publicans and sinners to reprove the most rigid Stoicks and morally vertuous poor weak and unarmed men to make conquest of all nations to dissolve the armed powers of the world and without any carnall weapons to be mighty through God for the pulling down of strong holds 2 Cor. 10.4 that so all the world might acknowledge the work of grace and salvation in Christ to be his Revelation not mans invention and that no flesh might glory in his presence presuming to ascribe to his own power wisdome wealth dignity c. what is the sole work of Gods grace and goodnesse But 2. It doth not hence follow that all vulgar and unlearned persons may understand and expound the Scriptures as well as the wise and learned for the reasons already alledged in answer to the first objection And because further under the notion of babes little ones foolish and weak things of the world Quid est parvos c. elegit i.e. non superbos elatos sed humiles mites Aug. is not meant so much the ignorant and unlearned as the meek lowly humble whom no spirit of pride and self-conceited knowledge and holiness had puffed up For it is not ignorance and want of learning but humility and self-dejection that enfits the soul for the impressions of Grace and Truth So that those unlearned persons who have so good an esteem of themselves as to prefer their own sense and judgement in spiritual things before that of the learned and of their Teachers cannot be of the number of those babes and little ones to whom the mysteries of Christ are revealed but rather to be rankt amongst those wise men after the flesh who are rejected objection 5 But against humane learning we are admonisht to take heed of it as dangerous Col. 2.8 Let no man spoyle you through Philosophy answer The best things may be and too commonly are corrupted and abused the holy Scriptures themselves which are given by divine inspiration for our guidance to eternal happiness have been and daily are by Hereticks and Schismaticks wrested to their own condemnation And so it fares with Philosophy and all the parts of humane learning 'T is confessed that many Philosophers opposed holy Christian Religion at the first as contradictory to some of their false erroneous positions and many Hereticks arose in the Church being seduced and seducing others with principles taken out of the heathenish Pythagorean Philosophy from the knowledge whereof they were called Gnosticks But true Philosophy is not therefore to be condemned because Heathen Philosophers held many false tenents no more then true Religion is to be condemned because some seduced professors thereof hold many Heretical and false opinions therein And herein the necessary use of Philosophy is apparent in that though many Heresies sprung from Philosophers Erasm in praefat ad Irenae yet by Philosophers they have been supprest and the truth maintained witness Moses skil'd in all the learning of the Egyptians against Jannes and Jambres with the rest of the Egyptian Magicians and
faith reverence and obedience to every Revelation from heaven how mean soever the person be that receives it as we do to any part of Gods Word already revealed though by the greatest Patriarch or Prophet that ever lived upon earth 7. All dependence upon new Revelations laies a secret stain of dishonour upon God and this in two respects 1. That God notwithstanding his several methods of divine Revelation by the Patriarchs and Prophets of old by his own Son Jesus Christ and his Apostles in these last daies should yet be defective in making known to his people the waies of his service and of their own salvation 2. All pretence to new lights and Revelations makes God the Father of Lights with whom is no variablenesse or shadow of change to vary and change his minde as oft as the fickle and deceitful mindes of men do alter Nay thus God is made to speak things quite opposite and contrary to himself whilest the several conceits secret suggestions and whispers of mens hearts which are as numerous as the sand and contrarious as light and darkness are yet all under pretence of immediate Revelation fixed upon God who changeth not 8. It doth extremely much derogate and detract from the honour of holy Christian Religion to have no better ground and foundation then either the divinity of the Heathens of old or that of the Mahometans which of later times hath so far overspread and swallowed up so many Christian Kingdomes and flourishing Common-wealths in the world and both the one and the other of these not only derive their original but also their progresse successe and present continuance doth depend upon immediate Revelations which no good Christian surely doth doubt to be any other then Diabolical Delusions The Divinity of the Heathens was such as the Priests of their respective Temples and Oracles delivered to the people in their prophetick trances for celestial Responses and divine inspirations And the more subtil and sublime of the heathen Philosophers recommend unto us an Ecstatical contemplation even to the abolition of the understanding and Reason as the highest and most perfect way of divine knowledge Mahomet began with Raptures and extasies and supposed Revelations of Angels He therefore that shall seriously consider the monstrous Idolatries of the one and the horrid Blasphemies of the other will be careful surely how he trusts unto or depends upon immediate Revelations 9. This doctrine of immediate Revelation should it be granted is not safe for sober and peaceable-minded Christians to embrace or depend upon it but is fittest rather for such persons whose destructive plots and designs under the mask of Religion are to dethrone and murder Christian Princes ruine well establisht government and governors both Ecclesiastick and Civil massacre their Christian brethren rob ruine and destroy whatever opposes their designs and private perswasions in point of faith and manners how sacred and useful soever it be such mischiefs and barbarous cruelties when open force is wanting to effect may be and too often have been effected by pretended Revelations and men of ecstatical and seduced fancies who have thought they have greatly merited thereby and done God good service by destroying the enemies of his Truth and abolishing Haeresie Superstition c. when as indeed they have made havock of a people more righteous then themselves destroy'd the truth and true worship of God open'd the way to disorder and confusion and this through perjury sacriledge murder rebellion and the breach of all the lawes of piety justice and charity 10. The neglect of the means of saving knowledge viz. learning divine and humane and to depend upon Revelation without the use of such means is the way to advance Lady Ignorance again as the mother of devotion Espencaeus to drown the world in Barbarism to reduce the Church of Christ to that sad condition wherin it was in the ninth age which was called The unlearned and the unhappy age of the Church wherein he that studied Philosophy and the Mathematicks was counted a Magician he that knew the Greek tongue was shrewdly suspected but if he understood Hebrew also he was no better then an Haeretique 'T is observed by the learned both Historians and Divines that all the ten bloudy persecutions of the Church by the Heathen Emperors did not so damage holy Christian Religion as did the subtil underminings of Julian the Apostate Euseb eccl hist l. 10. c. 32. Soz. l. 5. c. 5. Theod. l. 3. c. 7. who fought not against Christian Religion as did the rest of the persecuting Emperors with fire and faggot but by taking from them all offices of dignity and places of preferment all Ecclesiastical promotions and Church priviledges and more especially by putting down and forbidding all Schools of learning for the training up their youth in the knowledge of tongues and sciences that so the light of holy Religion might be lost in the dark of ignorance and decay of arts For Arts and Tongues are the handmaids to holy Religion these as 't were hold the candle whilest the sacred light of Truth is display'd for our direction in the waies of light and life everlasting 11. He tempts the good Spirit of God who expects to receive the knowledge of Truth by immediate Revelation and miracle which by ordinary common Dominum tentare est novo miraculo velle perficere quod aliis rationibus fieri potest and known means is attainable so the Devil tempted our Lord to feed himself with the bread of a miracle when Gods ordinary and common providence yeelded bread enough Mat. 4.3 and to cast himself down from the pinnacle of the Temple when the way to come down by steps was plain and easie without any such praecipitation That dependence upon immediate Revelation is unnecessary and consequently uselesse and unprofitable is manifest from what hath been already said from the sufficiency of Gods revealed Truth and is yet further manifest from the vain and bootlesse issue of all such dependence For what sacred Mysteries of holy Religion have been either made known or more plainly unfolded by immediate Revelation in these last daies since the time of Christ and his Apostles many Impostures and lies many Haeresies and errors many Schismes and divisions have fancied Revelations brought forth but that any sound soul-saving truth hath been of later times immediately revealed I could yet never hear or read of by any authentick witnesses and it is most just with God to give men up to the vanity of their minde and to the delusions of their own hearts who thus tempt his holy Spirit by leaving the known and beaten paths of Truth revealed to depend upon what is unnecessary useless and vain and not only so but also 12. Dependence upon immediate Revelations laies us open to the delusions of Satan 2 Cor. 11.14 who transforming himself into an angel of light insinuates his suggestions and diabolical doctrines under the shew and vizard of
smaller parcels Denique penitus inspecta omnes haereses in multis cum autoribus suis dissentientes deprehenduntur Tert. de prae cont Haer. c. 42. The Anabaptists amongst us are subdivided into Antinomians Brownists Seekers Ranters Quakers Familists c. And finally saith the Father look into all Heresies and you may easily finde them in many things dissenting even from their own authors and Founders And seldome shall you see Heretiques agree in any one point except it be to oppose and cry down the Truth as Herod and Pilat against Christ 6. From the same dark Abysse of Ignorance Neque n●… natae sunt haereses quaedam dogmata illaqueantia animos in profundum praecipitantia nisi dum scripturae bonae intelligerentur malè quod in iis non bene imelligitur etiam temerè audacter asseritur Aug. in Joh. Tract 18. under the semblance of self-conceited wisdome hath sprung that which is of all others the greatest cause of Heresies viz. The misinterpretation and mis-application of the holy Scriptures For saith the Father Heresie had never sprung up nor false doctrines bewitching and destroying the souls of men had never been broacht had not the good word of God been ill understood and that also which is but ill and weakly understood been rashly and presumptuously affirmed 'T is ever the custome of Heretiques to alledge holy Scriptures in a wrested and perverted sense making those sacred writings like a nose of wax turning and writhing them to this and to that and to every sense that best agrees with their own vain imaginations Aliter Photius aliter Novatianus c. One Heretique understands it this way and another diversly from him and a third distinct from both and all put another sense upon the words of God then ever his holy Spirit intended therein Pro voluntatis suae sensu Hilar. Vinc. Lir. adversus Haer. c. 2. The sense of their own minde and spirit not of Gods Spirit Hil de trinitate l. 2. they put upon the Scriptures which occasion'd that complaint of S. Hierome Sola scripturarum ars est quam sibi passim omnes vendicant Hanc garrula avus hanc delirus senex hanc so phista verbosus hanc universi presumunt lacerant docent ante quam discant Hier. ad Pel. l. 1. c. 6. 'T is only the Art of understanding Scriptures which all persons challenge to themselves This the pratling old wife and the doting old man and the wrangler full of words this all men presume unto and upon presumption of their interest therein they tear and wrest and abuse it at their pleasure presuming to teach the doctrine thereof before they have half learned it As in the natural creation of children too many are the issue of lust and wantonness nor is it considered when they are begotten how they shall be kept even so 't is in the spiritual brood of Heresies pride covetousness and ignorance begets them before the authors know how to maintain them but as children when they are once gotten must be kept though they pinch upon their neighbours so this heretical crew rather then the opinions which are the issue of their pride and vanity should die they will steal the sineere milk of the word to nourish them or in language of another strain rather then they will submit their vain imaginations to the truth and true meaning of Gods word the truth of that must submit to their imaginations Videtis id vos agere ut omnis scripturarum de medio auferatur authoritas suus cuique animus author sit quid in quaque scriptura probet quid improbet id est non ut authoritati subjiciatur scripturarum ad fidem sed ut sibi scripturas ipse subjiciat non ut illi ideo placeat aliquid quia hoc in sublimi authoritate scriptum legitur sed ideo rectè scriptum videatur quia hoc illi placuit Aug. cont Faust And this saith the Father is the way to rob the Scripture of its authority whilest every mans own imagination must tell him what it allowes and what it disallowes this is not to be subject to the authority of the Scriptures but to make the Scriptures subject to our imaginations so that therefore this or that is not acceptable unto them because 't is written in the word of God but therefore 't is well said or written there because 't is acceptable unto them The great danger they incur who put another sense upon the holy Scriptures then Gods holy Spirit ever intended therein is represented to us by the strange fire which that rebellious crew under the conduct of Corah Dathan and Abiram offered up unto the Lord there came out a fire from the Lord and devoured the presumptuous sacrificers Numb 16.18,35 So those unlearned and unstable souts which wrest the Scriptures do it to their own destruction 2 Pet. 3.16 As a remedy to prevent so great mischief Lat. conc secundum sess 11. the ancient Fathers thought it meet to provide saith the reverend Andrewes that they who took upon them to interpret the Scriptures should put in sureties that the sense they gave of them should be no other then what the Church in former times acknowledged So Vinc. Lirin also Propter tantos tam varii erroris anfractus necesse est ut propheticae Apostolicae interpretationis linea secundum ecclesiastici catholici sensus normam dirig a●… Vinc. Lir. advers Haer. c. 2. By reason of the manifold windings and turnings of the Scriptures for the maintenance of several errors 't is necessary to direct the line of prophetical and Apostolical interpretation according to the rule of an Ecclesiastical sense and meaning for Quis unquam Haereses c. saith the same Author Who ever brought in an Haeresie but first he disagreed from the consent of antiquity and of the ancient Catholique Church Et in laqueum sit verbum Dei saith Estius the holy Word of God becomes a snare and a stumbling block to all those who contemning the authority of the Church presume to impose their own private sense upon it And he that obtrudes his private sense of Scripture upon his hearers not only lords it over their faith Estius in Rom. 11.9 but over the faith of the universal Church of Christ nay he makes null and void the authority of holy Scriptures for Scripture is no more Scripture if not rightly interpreted 7. Another general cause of erroneous opinions in Religion is Hypocrisie when men are cold and lukewarm and too negligent in the practise which is the life of Christianity when they receive not the love of the Truth so as readily to obey and practise it then it is just with God to give them up to strong delusions Nay hereby men lay themselves open to the delusions of Heretiques because the excellency of holy Christian truths are not cannot be known but by the practise and experience thereof
Countrey-mans Catechism or the Churches plea for Tithes by R. Boreman B.D. in 4. The Regal Apologie printed at Oxford in 4. A Fair Warning to take heed of the Scottish Discipline by Bishop Bramhall in 4. Sacrosancta Regia Majestas in 4. printed at Oxford and written by the Archbishop of Tu●… The Christians Directory in 12. The Royal Slave a Play in 4 acted at Christ-Church in Oxford Devotion digested into several Discourses and Meditations upon the Lords most holy Prayer Together with additional Exercitations upon Baptism The Lords Supper Heresies Blasphemy The Creatures The souls pantings after God The Mercies of God The souls complaint of its absence from God by Peter Samwaies Fellow lately resident in Trinity Col. Camb. in 12. Of the Division between the English and Romish Church upon Reformation by H Fern. D.D. in 12. the second Edition with many Additionals Directions for the profitable reading of the Scriptures by John White M.A. in 8. The Exemplary lives and Memorable Acts of the 9 most worthy women of the world 3 Jews 3 Gentiles 3 Christians by Tho. Heywood in 4. The Saints Legacies or a Collection of Promises out of the Word of God in 12. Judicium Universitatis Oxoniensis de Solenni Lege Foedere Juramento Negativo c. in 8. Certain Sermons and Letters of Defence and Resolutions to some of the late Controversaries of our times by Jasper Mayn D.D. in 4. New Janua Linguaxum Reserata sive omnium Scientiarum Linguarum seminarium Auctore Cl. Viro J.A. Gomenio in 12. A Treatise concerning Divine Providence very seasonable for all ages by Tho. Morton Bishop of Duresme in 8. Observations upon Mr. Hobbs his Leviathan with some Observation upon Sir Walter Rawleigh's History of the World by Alex. Rosse in 12. Fifty Sermons preached by that learned reverend Divine Jo. Donne in fol. Wits Common wealth in 12. The Banquet of Jests new and old in 12. Balzac's Letters the fourth part in 8. Quarles Virgin Widow a Play 4. Solomon's Recantation in 4 by Francis Quarles Amesii antisynodalia in 12. Christs Commination against Scandalizers by John Tombes in 12. New Dr. Stuart's Answer to Fountains Letter in 4. A Tract of Fortifications with 22. Brasse cuts in 4. Dr. Griffiths Sermon preached at S. Pauls in 4. Blessed Birth-day printed at Oxford in 8. A Discourse of the state Ecclesiastical in 4. An account of the Church Catholique where it was before the Reformation by Edw. Boughen D.D. in 4. An Advertisement to the Jewry men of England touching Witches written by the Author of the Observations upon Mr. Hobbs Leviathan in 4. New Episcopacy and Presbytery considered by Hen. Fern. D.D. in 4. A Sermon preached at the Isle of Wight before his Majesty by H. Fern D.D. in 4. The Commoners Liberty or the English mans Birth-right in 4. An Expedient for composing Differences in Religion in 4. A Treatise of Self denial in 4. by a concealed Author The holy Life and death of the late Vicountesse Falkland in 12. Certain Considerations of present Concernment Touching the Reformed Church of England by H. Fern in 12. Englands Faithful Reprover and Monitor in 12. by John Allington Newly published The grand Conspiracy of the Members against the Mind of Jews against their King As it hath been delivered in four Sermons by John Allington B.D. in 12. White Salt or a sober Correction of a mad World by John Sherman B.D. a discontinuer in 12. The matching of the Magistrates Authority and the Christians true Liberty in matters of Religion by Will. Lyford B. D. and late Minister of Sherborn in Dors in 4. A compendious Discourse upon the Case as it it stands between the Church of England and those Congregations that have divided from it by Hen. Fern. D.D. New A correct Copy of some Notes concerning Gods Decrees especially of Reprobation by T. P. Preacher of Gods Word in Northamptonshire and published to prevent calumny in 4. New The History of the Church of Scotland by Joh. Spotswood Archbishop of St. Andrews in fol. New Phraseologia Anglo-Latina or English Proprieties rendred into proper Latine for the use and benefit of Grammar Scholars in 8. Dr. Cousins Devotions in 12. The persecuted Ministery by William Langley late of St. Maries in the City of Liechfield Minister in 4. THE END