enable_v with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o tartar_n to_o do_v great_a mischief_n to_o muscovy_n the_o muscovite_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o watchful_a eye_n over_o the_o pole_n poland_n they_o be_v so_o situate_v that_o they_o may_v do_v the_o great_a mischief_n to_o muscovy_n especial_o since_o the_o pole_n be_v much_o better_a soldier_n than_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o field_n but_o the_o muscovite_n have_v at_o present_a a_o great_a advantage_n against_o poland_n since_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o smolensko_n severia_n and_o kiovia_n which_o cover_v their_o frontier_n on_o that_o side_n muscovy_n need_v not_o fear_v any_o thing_n much_o from_o that_o side_n where_o it_o border_n on_o sweden_n sweden_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v able_a enough_o to_o defend_v itself_o there_o if_o every_o thing_n be_v quiet_a at_o home_n but_o also_o because_o the_o swede_n be_v not_o ambitious_a to_o make_v any_o more_o conquest_n on_o that_o side_n since_o to_o maintain_v such_o large_a and_o far_o distant_a country_n will_v be_v more_o hurtful_a than_o profitable_a to_o their_o state_n and_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v of_o late_o show_v no_o great_a inclination_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o muscovite_n but_o if_o the_o swede_n in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o pole_n shall_v attack_v the_o muscovite_n they_o will_v put_v they_o very_o hard_o to_o it_o whereas_o also_o the_o muscovite_n may_v prove_v very_o troublesome_a to_o swedeland_n if_o they_o shall_v join_v in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o enemy_n of_o swedeland_n nevertheless_o the_o muscovite_n ought_v not_o to_o make_v any_o great_a account_n upon_o a_o alliance_n with_o denmark_n because_o they_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o and_o therefore_o can_v revenge_v themselves_o upon_o one_o another_o if_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v put_v a_o trick_n upon_o the_o other_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v obtain_v his_o aim_n leave_v the_o other_o in_o the_o lurch_n neither_o have_v the_o muscovite_n hitherto_o appear_v at_o any_o general_a treaty_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o spiritual_a monarchy_n of_o rome_n or_o of_o the_o pope_n §_o 1._o popedom_n the_o pope_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o different_a way_n first_o as_o far_o as_o the_o article_n which_o be_v teach_v by_o he_o and_o differ_v from_o other_o christian_n be_v agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a with_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o consequent_o useful_a or_o prejudicial_a to_o salvation_n which_o consideration_n we_o leave_v to_o divine_n second_o as_o far_o as_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o only_o possess_v of_o a_o considerable_a principality_n in_o italy_n but_o also_o pretend_v to_o be_v the_o sovereign_n and_o supreme_a head_n of_o christendom_n at_o least_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n and_o in_o effect_n exercise_v the_o say_a power_n in_o those_o state_n of_o europe_n which_o profess_v themselves_o of_o the_o same_o communion_n with_o he_o this_o second_o consideration_n belong_v to_o the_o politician_n for_o this_o spiritual_a sovereignty_n do_v introduce_v great_a alteration_n and_o interfere_n with_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n nay_o circumscribe_v and_o maim_n it_o wherefore_o since_o religion_n have_v be_v so_o interweave_v with_o the_o civil_a interest_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o a_o understand_a politician_n to_o be_v well_o instruct_v whence_o this_o spiritual_a monarchy_n have_v its_o original_a and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o have_v so_o mighty_o increase_v and_o be_v preserve_v from_o whence_o also_o will_v appear_v of_o what_o nature_n be_v the_o chief_a controversy_n now_o in_o vogue_n among_o christian_n in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n how_o far_o they_o be_v owe_v either_o to_o the_o various_a interpretation_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n or_o to_o worldly_a interest_n so_o that_o from_o thence_o a_o wise_a man_n may_v easy_o judge_v whether_o at_o any_o time_n these_o controversy_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v compose_v or_o not_o §_o 2._o now_o to_o look_v back_o to_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o thing_n we_o find_v that_o before_o the_o nativity_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o whole_a universe_n except_o the_o jew_n live_v in_o gross_a ignorance_n as_o to_o spiritual_a affair_n for_o what_o be_v common_o teach_v concern_v the_o god_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n involve_v in_o fable_n and_o most_o extravagant_a absurdity_n it_o be_v true_a religion_n some_o of_o the_o learned_a among_o they_o have_v pretend_v to_o give_v some_o rational_a account_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o all_o this_o in_o so_o imperfect_a and_o dubious_a a_o manner_n that_o they_o themselves_o remain_v very_o uncertain_a in_o the_o whole_a matter_n they_o agree_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o in_o this_o point_n that_o mankind_n ought_v to_o apply_v itself_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o virtue_n but_o they_o do_v not_o propose_v any_o other_o fruit_n but_o the_o honour_n and_o benefit_n which_o from_o thence_o do_v accrue_v to_o civil_a society_n for_o what_o the_o poet_n do_v give_v out_o concern_v the_o reward_n of_o virtue_n and_o punishment_n of_o vice_n after_o death_n be_v by_o these_o who_o pretend_v to_o be_v the_o wise_a among_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o fable_n invent_v to_o terrify_v and_o keep_v in_o awe_n the_o common_a people_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n live_v at_o random_n and_o what_o the_o heathen_n call_v religion_n do_v not_o contain_v any_o doctrine_n or_o certain_a article_n concern_v the_o knowledge_n of_o divine_a matter_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o religious_a worship_n consist_v in_o sacrifice_n and_o ceremony_n which_o tend_v more_o to_o sport_n and_o voluptuousness_n than_o to_o the_o contemplation_n of_o divine_a thing_n wherefore_o the_o heathen_a religion_n do_v neither_o edify_v in_o this_o life_n nor_o afford_v any_o hope_n or_o comfort_n at_o the_o time_n of_o death_n §_o 3._o religion_n at_o that_o time_n the_o jew_n be_v the_o only_a nation_n unto_o who_o god_n have_v reveal_v the_o true_a religion_n which_o can_v lead_v mankind_n in_o the_o way_n of_o salvation_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n betwixt_o that_o and_o the_o christian_a religion_n not_o only_o because_o the_o jewish_a religion_n represent_v the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o salvation_n in_o type_n and_o promise_n whereas_o the_o christian_a religion_n comprehend_v the_o reality_n and_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o same_o but_o also_o because_o the_o jewish_a religion_n be_v clothe_v with_o a_o great_a many_o and_o those_o very_a burdensome_a ceremony_n and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o that_o nation_n they_o prove_v a_o obstacle_n to_o the_o general_a reception_n of_o that_o religion_n by_o all_o nation_n this_o ceremonial_a part_n be_v like_o a_o wall_n whereby_o the_o jew_n be_v separate_v from_o other_o nation_n it_o be_v true_a all_o other_o nation_n be_v not_o exclude_v from_o receive_v salvation_n through_o the_o belief_n in_o the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n who_o be_v to_o come_v there_o be_v also_o some_o among_o the_o jew_n who_o be_v very_o careful_a and_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o conversion_n of_o such_o as_o they_o keep_v correspondence_n withal_o but_o it_o be_v not_o decree_v by_o god_n almighty_a to_o send_v all_o over_o the_o earth_n at_o that_o time_n his_o delegate_n or_o apostle_n instruct_v with_o peculiar_a gift_n to_o call_v all_o nation_n to_o unite_v themselves_o with_o the_o jewish_a church_n and_o what_o be_v do_v by_o some_o private_a person_n in_o convert_v of_o infidel_n be_v of_o no_o great_a consequence_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n beside_o this_o the_o jewish_a nation_n be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o select_a people_n of_o god_n adorn_v with_o great_a prerogative_n and_o have_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o only_a temple_n of_o god_n be_v grow_v so_o proud_a that_o the_o jew_n despise_v all_o other_o nation_n beside_o themselves_o they_o be_v also_o oblige_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o their_o ceremony_n not_o to_o converse_v too_o familiar_o upon_o several_a account_n with_o other_o nation_n this_o occasion_v a_o mutual_a hatred_n betwixt_o the_o jew_n and_o they_o which_o be_v a_o main_a obstacle_n to_o the_o propogation_n of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n neither_o can_v other_o nation_n easy_o digest_v this_o that_o as_o often_o as_o they_o be_v to_o attend_v the_o solemn_a and_o public_a divine_a service_n they_o be_v first_o to_o travel_v to_o jerusalem_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o build_v a_o temple_n equal_a to_o the_o other_o near_o home_n beside_o this_o such_o as_o receive_v the_o jewish_a religion_n be_v esteem_v among_o they_o one_o degree_n below_o the_o native_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o very_a few_o can_v resolve_v for_o the_o jewish_a religion_n sake_n to_o be_v despise_v
among_o they_o as_o foreigner_n §_o 4._o world_n but_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v not_o only_o much_o clear_a and_o also_o have_v other_o great_a prerogative_n above_o the_o jewish_a which_o consideration_n we_o will_v leave_v to_o the_o divine_n but_o it_o be_v also_o free_v from_o those_o circumstance_n which_o be_v particular_a to_o the_o jewish_a religion_n and_o endow_v with_o all_o qualification_n requisite_a for_o a_o universal_a religion_n wherefore_o every_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v and_o embrace_v it_o which_o deserve_v particular_o to_o be_v remark_v that_o hereby_o we_o may_v investigate_v and_o penetrate_v to_o the_o very_a bottom_n the_o propriety_n and_o genius_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n for_o here_o be_v no_o particular_a place_n appoint_v by_o god_n almighty_a for_o perform_v in_o public_a the_o divine_a service_n nor_o can_v any_o place_n claim_v a_o prerogative_n before_o another_o so_o that_o no_o nation_n henceforward_o have_v any_o occasion_n to_o make_v exception_n about_o the_o remoteness_n of_o the_o temple_n but_o in_o all_o place_n you_o may_v lift_v up_o holy_a hand_n unto_o he_o no_o temple_n in_o the_o world_n have_v any_o particular_a promise_n appertain_v to_o it_o that_o god_n will_v soon_o hear_v your_o prayer_n in_o that_o than_o in_o another_o no_o nation_n have_v according_a to_o the_o christian_a religion_n a_o precedency_n before_o another_o whereby_o one_o may_v claim_v a_o prerogative_n above_o the_o other_o here_o be_v no_o jew_n no_o greek_a no_o bond_n nor_o freeman_n but_o they_o be_v all_o one_o in_o jesus_n christ_n here_o be_v no_o particular_a family_n or_o tribe_n appoint_v by_o god_n for_o the_o public_a administration_n of_o divine_a service_n as_o it_o be_v among_o the_o jew_n but_o none_o be_v exclude_v here_o provide_v he_o be_v endow_v with_o the_o necessary_a qualification_n there_o be_v no_o article_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o forbid_v we_o to_o cultivate_v with_o other_o either_o familiarity_n or_o to_o render_v to_o one_o another_o the_o duty_n require_v from_o we_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v pure_o and_o by_o itself_o consider_v government_n quite_o separate_v from_o all_o worldly_a end_n and_o interest_n yet_o be_v her_o doctrine_n not_o in_o the_o least_o repugnant_a to_o or_o alter_v civil_a society_n or_o law_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o it_o rather_o though_o that_o be_v not_o her_o main_a intention_n confirm_v the_o same_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o be_v destructive_a to_o the_o end_n of_o civil_a society_n or_o which_o hinder_v we_o from_o live_v honest_o quiet_o and_o secure_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o civil_a magistrate_n or_o from_o execute_v in_o every_o respect_n the_o high_a civil_a power_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n true_a reason_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o state_n or_o from_o administer_a all_o office_n and_o perform_v such_o duty_n without_o offend_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o christianity_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o maintain_v a_o state_n establish_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o christian_a religion_n rather_o promote_v all_o these_o thing_n express_o command_v we_o strict_o to_o observe_v every_o commandment_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o especial_o those_o where_o no_o temporal_a punishment_n can_v be_v convenient_o inflict_v by_o the_o civil_a constitution_n and_o to_o perform_v our_o duty_n with_o all_o faithfulness_n and_o zeal_n as_o far_o as_o the_o same_o be_v consonant_a with_o honesty_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o wherefore_o not_o any_o philosophy_n or_o religion_n whatsoever_o be_v in_o this_o point_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o may_v be_v evident_a enough_o to_o all_o who_o will_v make_v a_o true_a comparison_n betwixt_o this_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o every_o body_n be_v therefore_o oblige_v as_o he_o hope_v to_o answer_v for_o his_o soul_n before_o god_n not_o only_o to_o receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n but_o also_o all_o sovereign_n and_o magistrate_n ought_v for_o the_o abovementioned_a reason_n and_o out_o of_o a_o duty_n belong_v to_o their_o office_n to_o introduce_v and_o maintain_v it_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v not_o so_o visible_a nor_o that_o the_o life_n and_o conversation_n of_o a_o great_a many_o christian_n be_v not_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o heathen_n and_o turk_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o fault_n be_v not_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n but_o to_o the_o inclination_n of_o such_o as_o profess_v the_o name_n of_o christian_n but_o will_v not_o in_o earnest_n apply_v themselves_o to_o alter_v their_o evil_a inclination_n and_o to_o live_v according_a to_o the_o wholesome_a precept_n of_o this_o religion_n §_o 5._o religion_n as_o what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v can_v scarce_o be_v deny_v by_o the_o more_o understand_a sort_n so_o there_o arise_v now_o a_o question_n viz._n whether_o according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n it_o be_v absolute_o requisite_a that_o the_o outward_a direction_n or_o government_n of_o the_o same_o be_v commit_v to_o another_o beside_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n in_o a_o state_n or_o which_o be_v much_o the_o same_o whether_o according_a to_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o outward_a government_n of_o it_o be_v lodge_v with_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o one_o of_o the_o clergy_n in_o particular_a independent_a of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n or_o whether_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v but_o one_o sovereign_a administrator_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n on_o who_o all_o other_o christian_a state_n ought_v to_o depend_v in_o this_o point_n or_o which_o some_o take_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n whether_o every_o state_n ought_v to_o be_v govern_v according_a to_o its_o own_o constitution_n and_o interest_n or_o whether_o all_o other_o state_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v slave_n to_o one_o and_o to_o promote_v the_o interest_n of_o that_o one_o with_o the_o detriment_n and_o ruin_n of_o their_o own_o religion_n by_o the_o outward_a direction_n or_o government_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n we_o understand_v the_o power_n of_o constitute_v certain_a person_n for_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o public_a divine_a service_n and_o the_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n over_o their_o person_n the_o supreme_a administration_n and_o direction_n of_o such_o possession_n as_o be_v dedicate_v to_o religious_a service_n the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n for_o the_o outward_a maintenance_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o determine_n of_o such_o difference_n as_o may_v arise_v among_o the_o clergy_n under_o what_o pretext_n soever_o it_o may_v be_v and_o such_o like_a we_o make_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o outward_a direction_n of_o religious_a affair_n and_o betwixt_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o church_n which_o consist_v in_o teach_v preach_v and_o administer_a of_o the_o sacrament_n all_o which_o doubtless_o belong_v only_o unto_o the_o clergy_n this_o question_n also_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o church_n already_o plant_v and_o establish_v not_o of_o a_o church_n that_o be_v to_o be_v plant_v and_o establish_v for_o since_o the_o christian_a religion_n owe_v its_o original_a to_o divine_a revelation_n no_o humane_a power_n can_v pretend_v to_o have_v any_o direction_n in_o the_o same_o before_o this_o doctrine_n be_v thorough_o propose_v and_o teach_v by_o such_o as_o have_v a_o immediate_a authority_n for_o so_o do_v from_o god_n almighty_a for_o when_o our_o saviour_n after_o his_o resurrection_n do_v send_v his_o disciple_n as_o delegate_n and_o apostle_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n to_o publish_v and_o introduce_v the_o christian_a religion_n they_o receive_v their_o commission_n for_o preach_v every_o where_o not_o from_o the_o supreme_a civil_a magistrate_n but_o from_o god_n himself_o wherefore_o king_n as_o well_o as_o the_o common_a people_n be_v oblige_v to_o acknowledge_v they_o as_o immediate_a messenger_n of_o god_n and_o obedient_o to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o doctrine_n and_o it_o will_v be_v next_o to_o a_o absurdity_n if_o any_o one_o shall_v pretend_v to_o a_o direction_n in_o such_o matter_n as_o he_o be_v not_o instruct_v in_o before_o from_o whence_o arise_v this_o consequence_n that_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o sovereign_n or_o supreme_a magistrate_n as_o themselves_o profess_v the_o true_a christian_a religion_n but_o not_o of_o those_o who_o be_v infidel_n or_o erroneous_a in_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n for_o to_o commit_v the_o direction_n of_o religion_n to_o the_o latter_a will_v be_v to_o make_v the_o wolf_n a_o shepherd_n §_o 6._o general_n this_o question_n may_v be_v consider_v in_o
three-several_a way_n first_o whether_o this_o necessity_n arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o each_o religion_n in_o general_n or_o second_o whether_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o particular_a or_o three_o whether_o the_o same_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o by_o divine_a institution_n or_o the_o particular_a command_n of_o god_n that_o it_o shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n i_o be_o in_o no_o way_n able_a to_o find_v out_o for_o reason_n do_v not_o tell_v i_o that_o if_o i_o intend_v to_o serve_v god_n i_o must_v of_o necessity_n make_v a_o division_n in_o the_o state_n and_o thereby_o introduce_v two_o different_a power_n independent_a of_o one_o another_o the_o dismember_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o such_o a_o double-headed_n sovereignty_n in_o a_o state_n administer_v continual_a fuel_n which_o at_o last_o break_v out_o into_o jealousy_n division_n and_o intestine_a commotion_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o be_v in_o no_o way_n contrary_a to_o reason_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n leave_v the_o supreme_a direction_n of_o the_o outward_a matter_n belong_v to_o divine_a service_n to_o such_o as_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o state_n if_o we_o suppose_v that_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o their_o hand_n will_v not_o impose_v any_o thing_n upon_o their_o subject_n which_o be_v false_a or_o erroneous_a it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o as_o every_o one_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o serve_v god_n also_o be_v it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o his_o power_n to_o perform_v the_o outward_a ceremony_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o he_o believe_v they_o be_v most_o please_v to_o god_n but_o after_o civil_a society_n be_v institute_v that_o same_o power_n be_v thereby_o devolve_v to_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a administration_n of_o affair_n in_o a_o civil_a society_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a father_n who_o do_v not_o live_v under_o any_o regulate_v government_n exercise_v this_o power_n in_o their_o family_n which_o use_v to_o be_v transfer_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n as_o haereditas_fw-la eximia_fw-la or_o a_o hereditary_a prerogative_n if_o the_o brother_n after_o the_o father_n death_n do_v resolve_v to_o live_v together_o in_o one_o community_n but_o when_o afterward_o civil_a society_n be_v institute_v the_o same_o power_n be_v transfer_v to_o the_o head_n of_o these_o society_n and_o that_o out_o of_o a_o weighty_a consideration_n for_o if_o every_o one_o have_v be_v leave_v to_o his_o free_a choice_n in_o this_o point_n the_o various_a and_o different_a ceremony_n in_o the_o divine_a service_n must_v needs_o have_v introduce_v confusion_n division_n and_o intestine_a commotion_n and_o though_o by_o the_o jew_n the_o public_a ministry_n be_v hereditary_a to_o one_o particular_a family_n yet_o the_o inspection_n and_o supreme_a direction_n be_v among_o they_o reserve_v to_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n in_o their_o hand_n as_o the_o same_o be_v practise_v among_o most_o other_o nation_n §_o 7._o particular_a neither_o can_v any_o reason_n be_v give_v why_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v particular_o so_o qualify_v as_o to_o imply_v a_o necessity_n that_o the_o abovementioned_a direction_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n though_o it_o contain_v something_o more_o than_o be_v teach_v we_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n since_o we_o suppose_v that_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o directive_n power_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o impose_v any_o thing_n upon_o we_o contrary_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n nor_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o priest_n in_o perform_v the_o ministry_n according_a to_o the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n neither_o can_v i_o find_v out_o any_o reason_n why_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n shall_v want_v mean_n due_o to_o qualify_v themselves_o for_o this_o administration_n or_o direction_n at_o least_o they_o may_v let_v this_o direction_n be_v exercise_v under_o their_o authority_n by_o such_o as_o have_v acquire_v sufficient_a ability_n for_o the_o same_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o sovereign_n exercise_v their_o power_n by_o other_o in_o civil_a affair_n so_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v never_o deny_v to_o appertain_v to_o sovereign_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o doctor_n or_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n aught_o to_o be_v better_o instruct_v in_o they_o than_o be_v require_v from_o a_o king_n for_o both_o in_o these_o and_o other_o matter_n sovereign_n ought_v to_o act_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o such_o as_o have_v apply_v themselves_o thorough_o to_o such_o affair_n and_o as_o it_o be_v against_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o good_a and_o wise_a king_n if_o this_o power_n be_v not_o well_o exercise_v so_o it_o be_v both_o his_o duty_n and_o interest_n to_o see_v the_o administration_n of_o religious_a matter_n well_o perform_v for_o the_o more_o zealous_a and_o earnest_a he_o be_v in_o maintain_v the_o christian_a religion_n the_o more_o obedient_a and_o better_o qualify_v his_o subject_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v and_o he_o may_v the_o better_a hope_n for_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n almighty_n neither_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v allege_v why_o god_n almighty_a shall_v not_o as_o well_o afford_v his_o assistance_n to_o a_o christian_a and_o orthodox_n sovereign_a as_o to_o any_o other_o to_o perform_v this_o government_n praise-worthy_o last_o because_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v not_o in_o any_o other_o way_n derogate_v from_o civil_a ordinance_n and_o law_n or_o from_o the_o power_n of_o civil_a magistrate_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n so_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o it_o disagree_v from_o this_o in_o this_o one_o point_n except_o a_o positive_a command_n of_o god_n can_v be_v allege_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o assertion_n whether_o there_o be_v such_o a_o command_n in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n which_o express_o forbid_v sovereign_n to_o intermeddle_v with_o this_o direction_n and_o allow_v the_o same_o to_o other_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o sovereignty_n without_o any_o dependency_n at_o all_o those_o be_v oblige_v to_o prove_v who_o endeavour_n to_o maintain_v this_o assertion_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o we_o will_v inquire_v into_o the_o first_o occasion_n and_o by_o what_o degree_n this_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n be_v establish_v in_o the_o western_a church_n §_o 8._o religion_n the_o apostle_n therefore_o have_v after_o the_o ascension_n of_o our_o saviour_n according_a to_o the_o instruction_n receive_v from_o his_o own_o mouth_n begin_v to_o spread_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o far_o distant_a country_n meet_v with_o great_a approbation_n in_o a_o short_a time_n both_o among_o the_o jew_n and_o other_o nation_n but_o more_o especial_o among_o the_o common_a people_n which_o have_v hitherto_o live_v in_o gross_a ignorance_n and_o in_o a_o miserable_a estate_n very_o joyful_o receive_v this_o doctrine_n which_o enlighten_v and_o comfort_v they_o in_o the_o misery_n of_o this_o life_n the_o apostle_n also_o themselves_o who_o be_v of_o mean_a extraction_n and_o of_o no_o great_a authority_n use_v to_o converse_v most_o among_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n as_o have_v the_o most_o easy_a access_n to_o they_o as_o their_o equal_n but_o man_n of_o quality_n and_o learning_n do_v scare_v at_o first_o think_v it_o worth_a their_o while_n to_o apply_v themselves_o diligent_o to_o search_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o religion_n and_o very_o few_o of_o they_o will_v profess_v it_o religion_n if_o we_o may_v inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o wise_a god_n to_o choose_v this_o way_n of_o plant_v the_o christian_a religion_n it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o god_n be_v not_o please_v to_o introduce_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o civil_a magistrate_n nor_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o learned_a man_n because_o it_o may_v not_o be_v deem_v hereafter_o a_o state_n trick_n or_o a_o philosophical_a speculation_n but_o that_o whenever_o a_o due_a comparison_n may_v be_v make_v betwixt_o the_o slender_a beginning_n and_o prodigious_a increase_n of_o this_o religion_n the_o world_n may_v from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o the_o whole_a be_v something_o above_o humane_a power_n and_o because_o the_o learned_a have_v prove_v unsuccessful_a with_o all_o their_o subtlety_n in_o their_o discovery_n concern_v divine_a matter_n and_o that_o socrates_n and_o some_o other_o who_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o common_o receive_v superstition_n and_o have_v condemn_v they_o as_o such_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o abolish_v those_o and_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o to_o introduce_v a_o better_a religion_n god_n almighty_n be_v willing_a to_o convince_v the_o
haldan_n sivand_a erick_n haldan_n vngrin_n regnald_n about_o the_o year_n 588._o rodolf_n be_v king_n of_o the_o goth_n but_o be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o english_a who_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o himself_o flee_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o seek_v sanctuary_n of_o dicterick_n the_o king_n of_o the_o goth_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n frotho_n either_o the_o son_n or_o else_o a_o kinsman_n of_o regnald_n be_v king_n of_o sweden_n who_o succeed_v these_o follow_a king_n fiolmus_n swercher_n valander_n vislur_n who_o be_v burn_v by_o his_o own_o son_n damalder_n who_o be_v sacrifice_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n to_o their_o idol_n at_o vpsal_n domar_n digner_n dagger_n agnius_n who_o be_v hang_v by_o his_o own_o wife_n alrick_n and_o erick_n who_o fly_v one_o another_o in_o a_o single_a combat_n ingo_n hugler_n haco_n jerundar_n hacquin_n surname_v ring_n under_o who_o reign_n that_o most_o memorable_a battle_n at_o brovalla_fw-la be_v fight_v brovalla_fw-la betwixt_o the_o swede_n and_o dane_n where_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n be_v kill_v on_o the_o danish_a and_o twelve_o thousand_o on_o the_o swedish_n side_n this_o king_n sacrifice_v nine_o of_o his_o son_n to_o the_o idol_n at_o vpsal_n and_o will_v have_v do_v the_o same_o with_o the_o ten_o who_o be_v the_o only_a heir_n leave_v to_o the_o kingdom_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o swede_n he_o succeed_v his_o son_n egillus_fw-la who_o follow_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n othar_n adel_n ostan_n ingvard_n amund_n sivard_n hirot_n or_o herolt_n who_o marry_v his_o daughter_n thera_n to_o regnerthethen_n king_n of_o denmark_n ingellus_fw-la ingellus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o amund_n succeed_v hirot_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n who_o the_o night_n after_o his_o coronation_n cause_v seven_o of_o those_o petty_a prince_n that_o be_v vassal_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n to_o be_v burn_v in_o their_o lodging_n and_o afterward_o exercise_v the_o same_o cruelty_n against_o five_o more_o of_o the_o same_o rank_n his_o daughter_n asa_n that_o be_v marry_v to_o gudrot_v a_o prince_n of_o schonen_fw-mi exceed_v her_o father_n in_o cruelty_n for_o have_v murder_v her_o husband_n and_o his_o brother_n she_o betray_v the_o country_n to_o the_o enemy_n which_o so_o exasperate_v ivan_n the_o son_n of_o regner_n king_n of_o denmark_n that_o he_o fall_v with_o great_a fury_n upon_o ingellus_fw-la who_o have_v take_v his_o daughter_n into_o his_o protection_n destroy_v all_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n ingellus_fw-la be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o daughter_n burn_v himself_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o whole_a family_n in_o his_o own_o palace_n except_o his_o son_n olaus_n who_o shelter_a himself_n in_o wermeland_n after_o the_o death_n of_o ingellus_fw-la a_o certain_a nobleman_n of_o a_o ancient_a family_n in_o sweden_n who_o name_n be_v charles_n assume_v the_o royal_a title_n and_o power_n but_o regner_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o pretend_v that_o it_o belong_v to_o his_o son_n do_v send_v a_o challenge_n to_o the_o say_v charles_n and_o have_v kill_v he_o in_o the_o combat_n transfer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n to_o his_o son_n bero_n or_o biorn_n who_o be_v hirots_n daughter_n son_n §_o 3._o bero._n under_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o bero_n or_o biorn_n ansgarius_n a_o monk_n of_o corvey_n 829._o and_o afterward_o bishop_n of_o bremen_n be_v send_v into_o sweden_n sweden_n by_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o pious_a to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o that_o kingdom_n but_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o hearken_v to_o his_o doctrine_n be_v by_o the_o swede_n banish_v the_o kingdom_n together_o with_o his_o father_n regner_n amund_n his_o successor_n amund_n do_v also_o rule_n but_o a_o very_a few_o year_n and_o have_v raise_v a_o most_o horrible_a persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n be_v also_o banish_v the_o kingdom_n the_o swede_n be_v quite_o tire_v out_o with_o amund_n tyrannical_a government_n olaus_n do_v call_v in_o olaus_n out_o of_o wermeland_n to_o be_v their_o king_n who_o to_o establish_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o regner_n to_o his_o son_n ingo_n and_o thereby_o obtain_v the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o goth_n 853._o not_o many_o year_n after_o ansgarius_n rerurn_v into_o sweden_n and_o convert_v olaus_n who_o then_o reside_v at_o birca_n a_o most_o populous_a city_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n olaus_n then_o march_v with_o a_o potent_a army_n into_o denmark_n and_o have_v commit_v the_o administration_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n ennigruus_n return_v into_o sweden_n where_o he_o be_v by_o his_o heathen_a subject_n sacrifice_v to_o their_o idol_n at_o vpsal_n his_o son_n ingo_n ingo_n the_o better_a to_o establish_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n marry_v the_o king_n of_o denmark_n daughter_n 890._o and_o afterward_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o russian_n he_o succeed_v his_o son_n erick_n surname_v weatherhat_o erick_n famous_a for_o his_o skill_n in_o witchcraft_n who_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n erick_n surname_v seghersell_v seghersell_a who_o conquer_a finland_n curland_n livonia_n and_o ehestland_n from_o denmark_n he_o retake_v halland_n and_o schonen_fw-mi and_o at_o last_o drive_v the_o danish_a king_n swen_n out_o of_o denmark_n who_o can_v not_o recover_v his_o kingdom_n till_o after_o his_o death_n mild._n his_o son_n stenchill_n surname_v the_o mild_a be_v baptise_a at_o sigtuna_n a_o great_a city_n at_o that_o time_n and_o have_v destroy_v the_o idol_n at_o vpsal_n and_o forbid_v his_o subject_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o idol_n the_o pagan_n be_v so_o enrage_v thereat_o that_o they_o slay_v and_o burn_v he_o near_o vpsal_n and_o with_o he_o the_o two_o christian_a priest_n that_o be_v send_v to_o he_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o hamburgh_n olaus_n his_o brother_n olaus_n nevertheless_o obtain_v from_o king_n etheldred_n of_o england_n several_a christain_n priest_n who_o not_o only_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o sweden_n but_o also_o the_o king_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n be_v baptise_a by_o one_o of_o these_o call_v sigfried_n in_o a_o fountain_n call_v husbye_n which_o be_v call_v st._n sigfrieds_n kalla_n well_o to_o this_o day_n this_o olaus_n be_v surname_v skotkonung_n because_o upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o english_a priest_n he_o grant_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o yearly_a tax_n against_o the_o saracen_n which_o be_v call_v romskot_v this_o olaus_n take_v from_o oluf_n tryggeso_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n which_o he_o however_o recover_v afterward_o this_o olaus_n skotkonung_n be_v also_o the_o first_o who_o make_v a_o perfect_a union_n betwixt_o the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o goth_n kingdom_n who_o have_v hitherto_o be_v often_o at_o great_a enmity_n with_o one_o another_o to_o olaus_n succeed_v his_o son_n amund_n under_o who_o reign_n the_o christian_a religion_n increase_v very_o successful_o in_o sweden_n amund_n after_o who_o reign_v his_o brother_n amund_n surname_v slemme_n slemme_fw-fr a_o man_n very_o negligent_a both_o in_o maintain_v religion_n and_o justice_n he_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n by_o cnut_n king_n of_o denmark_n near_o a_o bridge_n call_v strangepelle_n after_o his_o death_n the_o goth_n and_o swede_n disagree_v about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n red._n the_o first_o choose_v haquin_n surname_v the_o red._n the_o latter_a stenchill_n the_o young_a at_o last_o it_o be_v agree_v betwixt_o they_o that_o haquin_n be_v pretty_a well_o in_o year_n shall_v remain_v king_n during_o his_o life_n and_o shall_v be_v succeed_v by_o stenchill_n after_o the_o death_n of_o haquin_n who_o reign_v thirteen_o year_n stenchill_n stenchill_n the_o young_a olaus_n skotkonung_n sister_n son_n begin_v his_o reign_n who_o vanquish_v the_o dane_n in_o three_o great_a battle_n he_o succeed_v ingo_n surname_v the_o pious_a pious_a this_o king_n utter_o destroy_v the_o idol_n at_o vpsal_n which_o so_o enrage_v his_o pagan_a subject_n that_o they_o banish_v he_o the_o kingdom_n and_o afterward_o murder_v he_o in_o schonen_fw-mi he_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o convent_n call_v waâ—heiâ—â—_n in_o west-gothland_n after_o he_o reign_v with_o great_a applause_n his_o brother_n halstan_n halstan_n who_o succeed_v his_o son_n philip_n c._n ingo_n philip_n son_n and_o his_o queen_n ragoild_v 1086._o be_v also_o very_o famous_a for_o their_o piety_n and_o other_o virtue_n ingo_n she_o be_v after_o her_o death_n honour_v as_o a_o saint_n c._n and_o her_o tomb_n frequent_o visit_v at_o talk_fw-mi 1138._o this_o king_n leave_v no_o son_n but_o two_o daughter_n christina_n and_o margaret_n the_o first_o be_v marry_v to_o st._n erick_n the_o second_o to_o magntis_n king_n of_o norway_n he_o be_v poison_v by_o the_o east_n goth_n
to_o have_v one_o of_o his_o favourite_n get_v she_o with_o child_n thereby_o to_o secure_v the_o crown_n to_o his_o family_n there_o be_v beside_o this_o so_o strong_a a_o jealousy_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o his_o brother_n don_n pedro_n that_o the_o latter_a think_v his_o life_n to_o be_v in_o danger_n if_o he_o do_v not_o prevent_v the_o design_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o his_o favourite_n he_o therefore_o bring_v the_o nobility_n and_o people_n over_o to_o his_o party_n force_v alfonsus_n to_o surrender_v to_o he_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n reserve_v for_o his_o maintenance_n only_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o 270000_o liver_n as_o also_o the_o palace_n of_o braganza_n with_o all_o its_o appurtenance_n pedro._n don_n pedro_n will_v not_o take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v call_v regent_n of_o portugal_n in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o brother_n alfonsus_n he_o be_v incapable_a of_o administer_a the_o government_n he_o marry_v also_o upon_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o portuguese_n and_o with_o the_o dispensation_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o brother_n wife_n and_o because_o alfonsus_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o a_o capacity_n of_o raise_v any_o disturbance_n he_o be_v under_o a_o good_a guard_n conduct_v into_o the_o island_n of_o terâ—â—ra_n but_o don_n pedro_n have_v hitherto_o administer_v the_o government_n in_o peace_n and_o to_o the_o general_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o people_n §_o 8._o portuguese_n and_o to_o say_v something_o concern_v the_o genius_n of_o the_o portuguese_n and_o the_o strength_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n the_o portuguese_n be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o spaniard_n in_o pride_n and_o haughtiness_n but_o be_v not_o esteem_v so_o prudent_a and_o cautious_a as_o these_o but_o be_v over-secure_a in_o prosperity_n and_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n rash_a and_o foolhardy_a where_o they_o get_v the_o upperhand_n they_o be_v very_o rigorous_a and_o cruel_a they_o be_v mighty_o addict_v to_o be_v covetous_a and_o love_v usury_n and_o have_v search_v after_o money_n in_o all_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n some_o also_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v very_o malicious_a which_o they_o say_v be_v the_o remnant_n of_o the_o jewish_a blood_n which_o be_v intermingle_v with_o that_o of_o the_o portuguese_n nation_n this_o country_n consider_v its_o bigness_n be_v very_o populous_a as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o number_n of_o portuguese_n which_o have_v settle_v themselves_o in_o brasile_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o in_o the_o east_n indies_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o raise_v a_o numerous_a land_n army_n without_o foreign_a help_n or_o to_o man_n out_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n of_o man_n of_o war_n but_o they_o have_v enough_o to_o do_v to_o garrison_n their_o frontier_n place_n well_o and_o to_o keep_v convoy_n for_o their_o merchant_n ship_n §_o 9_o portugal_n concern_v the_o country_n which_o belong_v nowadays_o to_o portugal_n the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n by_o itself_o consider_v be_v neither_o very_a large_a nor_o very_o fruitful_a the_o inhabitant_n live_v most_o upon_o such_o corn_n as_o be_v import_v yet_o be_v the_o country_n full_a of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o have_v a_o great_a many_o commodious_a seaport_n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o portugal_n fit_a for_o exportation_n be_v salt_n of_o which_o a_o great_a quantity_n be_v from_o setubal_n or_o st._n hubes_n transport_v into_o the_o northern_a country_n as_o also_o oil_n some_o wine_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit._n the_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o they_o first_o have_v from_o those_o province_n that_o belong_v to_o they_o the_o silver_n i_o call_v guacaldane_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o 178_o quentoe_n of_o silver_n each_o quent_n be_v reckon_v to_o amount_v to_o 2673_o ducat_n 8_o real_n and_o 26_o marvedoe_n among_o those_o country_n that_o now_o belong_v to_o portugal_n the_o chief_a be_v brasile_a brasile_n be_v a_o long_a tract_n of_o land_n in_o america_n extend_v all_o along_o the_o sea_n side_n but_o very_o narrow_a and_o famous_a for_o the_o wholsomness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o its_o fertility_n here_o abundance_n of_o sugar_n be_v make_v from_o whence_o arise_v the_o main_a revenue_n of_o the_o country_n the_o portuguese_n make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o in_o preserve_v those_o excellent_a fruit_n as_o grow_v both_o in_o portugal_n and_o brasile_n brasile_v also_o afford_v ginger_n cotton_n wool_n indigo_n and_o wood_n for_o the_o dyer_n but_o because_o the_o native_n of_o this_o country_n be_v natural_o lazy_a who_o can_v by_o any_o way_n be_v force_v to_o hard_a labour_n the_o portuguese_n buy_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o especial_o in_o congo_n and_o angola_n negro_n who_o they_o use_v for_o slave_n buy_v and_o sell_v they_o in_o brasile_a as_o we_o do_v ox_n they_o be_v employ_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o hardship_n and_o drudgery_n africa_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o portuguese_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o africa_n be_v not_o now_o of_o any_o great_a consequence_n since_o the_o hollander_n have_v interfere_v with_o they_o and_o those_o place_n which_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o africa_n only_o serve_v to_o enrich_v their_o governor_n what_o the_o hollander_n have_v leave_v they_o in_o the_o east_n indies_n be_v of_o no_o small_a consequence_n to_o they_o indies_n for_o goa_n be_v a_o very_a large_a city_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a trade_n among_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n but_o the_o wise_a fort_n do_v not_o approve_v of_o the_o portuguese_n government_n in_o the_o east_n indies_n the_o portuguese_n there_o be_v give_v to_o voluptuousness_n and_o neglect_v military_a affair_n be_v so_o presumptuous_a as_o to_o imagine_v that_o nevertheless_o with_o their_o haughty_a carriage_n they_o can_v outbrave_v other_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o hollander_n find_v it_o so_o easy_a to_o drive_v this_o nation_n out_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o indies_n which_o be_v grow_v hateful_a to_o they_o all_o yet_o the_o portuguese_n enjoy_v one_o privilege_n which_o the_o dutch_a have_v not_o that_o they_o be_v allow_v a_o free_a trade_n with_o china_n where_o they_o have_v the_o city_n of_o macao_n in_o a_o island_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o continent_n and_o they_o have_v understand_v so_o to_o misrepresent_v the_o hollander_n with_o the_o chinese_n that_o they_o hitherto_o as_o far_o as_o i_o know_v they_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o obtain_v a_o free_a commerce_n with_o china_n it._n former_o the_o portuguese_n have_v a_o great_a interest_n in_o japan_n which_o be_v chief_o procure_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o jesuit_n who_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o convert_v the_o japonese_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n it_o be_v relate_v that_o above_o 400000_o of_o they_o be_v baptize_v not_o without_o hope_n that_o all_o the_o rest_n will_v at_o last_o have_v follow_v their_o example_n but_o about_o thirty_o year_n ago_o the_o dutch_a by_o their_o practice_n and_o artifices_fw-la render_v the_o portuguese_n suspect_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o japan_n have_v intercept_v a_o letter_n from_o the_o jesuit_n to_o the_o pope_n wherein_o they_o promise_v to_o bring_v ere_o long_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o japan_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a see_n the_o hollander_n interpret_v this_o letter_n in_o such_o a_o sense_n as_o if_o the_o jesuit_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o new_a convert_v do_v intend_v to_o dethrone_v the_o emperor_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o pope_n pretend_v to_o a_o authority_n of_o dispose_n of_o kingdom_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o be_v then_o master_n of_o portugal_n be_v in_o great_a esteem_n with_o he_o the_o jealous_a japoneses_n be_v easy_o persuade_v hereof_o when_o they_o consider_v with_o what_o respect_n and_o kindness_n the_o jesuit_n be_v treat_v by_o the_o new_a christian_n those_o be_v also_o very_o ready_a to_o accept_v of_o what_o these_o good_a nature_a people_n offer_v they_o and_o the_o governor_n be_v sensible_a and_o complain_v that_o their_o usual_a present_n from_o the_o subject_n decrease_v daily_o since_o the_o new_a convert_v give_v so_o much_o to_o their_o priest_n the_o hollander_n also_o show_v the_o emperor_n of_o japan_n in_o a_o map_n how_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n do_v extend_v on_o one_o side_n as_o far_o as_o manilla_fw-la on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o far_o as_o macao_n so_o that_o by_o subdue_a of_o japan_n he_o will_v have_v a_o opportunity_n of_o unite_n his_o conquest_n this_o occasion_v a_o most_o horrible_a persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n the_o japonese_n endeavour_v by_o incredible_a torment_n to_o overcome_v the_o constancy_n of_o a_o nation_n which_o be_v natural_o one_o of_o the_o
also_o be_v in_o continual_a fear_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v bend_v their_o whole_a force_n against_o hungary_n the_o persian_n may_v fall_v upon_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n or_o some_o of_o the_o bassa_n towards_o the_o east_n revolt_v from_o they_o and_o a_o well_o discipline_v army_n of_o german_n will_v scarce_o shrink_v before_o all_o the_o turkish_a force_n and_o when_o germany_n be_v resolve_v to_o stand_v the_o brunt_n the_o turk_n will_n i_o believe_v quick_o be_v weary_a of_o attacking_z it_z italy_n italy_n be_v in_o no_o way_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o germany_n either_o for_o its_o strength_n or_o number_n of_o man_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a state_n by_o which_o it_o be_v disable_v to_o attack_v any_o foreign_a state_n much_o less_o so_o potent_a a_o empire_n which_o be_v possess_v of_o some_o pass_n lead_v into_o italy_n may_v in_o time_n take_v a_o opportunity_n to_o renew_v its_o pretension_n upon_o that_o country_n the_o swisser_n be_v very_o good_a neighbour_n to_o germany_n swiss_n as_o have_v neither_o will_v nor_o power_n to_o attack_v it_o especial_o since_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o good_a horseman_n neither_o can_v poland_n compare_v its_o strength_n with_o germany_n poland_n for_o though_o the_o pole_n can_v bring_v a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n into_o the_o field_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o german_a horse_n much_o less_o their_o foot_n to_o the_o german_a infantry_n wherefore_o the_o pole_n can_v undertake_v any_o considerable_a and_o if_o the_o pole_n shall_v enter_v into_o a_o alliance_n with_o another_o prince_n and_o make_v a_o diversion_n to_o the_o german_n by_o fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o they_o it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a for_o the_o german_n to_o be_v even_o with_o they_o since_o they_o be_v not_o well_o provide_v with_o frontier_n place_n or_o any_o strong_a hold_v within_o the_o country_n which_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v a_o enemy_n whereas_o in_o germany_n they_o will_v meet_v with_o place_n which_o will_v give_v they_o sufficient_a work_n and_o in_o such_o a_o case_n perhaps_o the_o muscovite_n may_v easy_o be_v prevail_v withal_o to_o fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o such_o a_o commonwealth_n as_o this_o will_v easy_o attempt_v a_o offensive_a war_n against_o its_o neighbour_n yet_o it_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n to_o germany_n that_o poland_n may_v not_o be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o the_o turk_n or_o any_o other_o power_n and_o these_o two_o nation_n be_v able_a to_o do_v one_o another_o considerable_a service_n if_o they_o will_v with_o their_o joint-force_n attack_v the_o turk_n denmark_n have_v no_o pretension_n upon_o germany_n denmark_n and_o the_o best_a land-force_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v list_a in_o germany_n their_o army_n may_v be_v ruin_v only_o by_o the_o emperor_n recall_v the_o german_n out_o of_o that_o service_n if_o they_o shall_v attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o empire_n neither_o do_v i_o believe_v that_o germany_n but_o especial_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o high_a and_o low_a saxony_n will_v be_v so_o careless_a of_o their_o own_o interest_n as_o to_o let_v denmark_n become_v master_n of_o hamborough_n and_o lubeck_n england_n can_v do_v any_o harm_n to_o germany_n englanâ—_n except_o by_o disturb_v the_o trade_n of_o hamburgh_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o english_a rather_o to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o free_a trade_n there_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o german_n may_v do_v a_o service_n to_o the_o english_a against_o the_o hollander_n by_o land_n whilst_o these_o be_v engage_v with_o they_o in_o a_o war_n at_o sea_n holland_n have_v neither_o power_n nor_o inclination_n to_o attack_v germany_n hollaâ—d_n for_o if_o the_o german_n shall_v be_v recall_v out_o of_o the_o service_n of_o the_o dutch_a their_o land-force_n will_v make_v but_o a_o very_a indifferent_a show_n neither_o can_v they_o reap_v any_o benefit_n by_o make_v new_a conquest_n but_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v for_o their_o purpose_n to_o keep_v fair_a with_o the_o german_n that_o in_o case_n of_o a_o war_n with_o their_o neighbour_n they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o their_o assistance_n spain_n can_v pretend_v to_o do_v any_o considerable_a mischief_n to_o germany_n spâ—iâ—_n if_o the_o head_n and_o member_n be_v well_o unite_v but_o if_o it_o shall_v join_v with_o the_o head_n against_o the_o member_n it_o may_v prove_v mischievous_a especial_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o money_n but_o in_o such_o a_o case_n there_o will_v questionless_a not_o be_v want_v some_o that_o will_v oppose_v its_o design_n swedeland_n alone_o be_v not_o so_o powerful_a as_o to_o be_v in_o any_o way_n formidable_a to_o germany_n sweden_n neither_o be_v this_o kingdom_n for_o make_v any_o more_o conquest_n on_o that_o side_n since_o thereby_o it_o will_v lose_v more_o of_o its_o own_o strength_n than_o it_o can_v gain_v by_o they_o but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n to_o sweden_n that_o the_o state_n of_o religion_n and_o of_o the_o government_n remain_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o it_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o westphalian_a peace_n neithat_o germany_n be_v subject_v or_o rule_v by_o any_o absolute_a power_n france_n have_v of_o late_o make_v itself_o so_o powerful_a france_n that_o this_o kingdom_n alone_o may_v do_v more_o mischief_n to_o the_o german_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o neighbour_n france_n in_o consideration_n of_o its_o form_n of_o government_n have_v a_o considerable_a advantage_n over_o germany_n for_o the_o king_n there_o have_v all_o the_o best_a man_n and_o the_o purse_n of_o his_o subject_n at_o command_n and_o employ_v they_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a but_o however_o such_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o germany_n that_o if_o well_o unite_v it_o need_v not_o much_o dread_n france_n for_o germany_n be_v capable_a of_o raise_v as_o numerous_a if_o not_o more_o numerous_a army_n than_o france_n and_o may_v as_o easy_o recruit_v they_o beside_o this_o the_o german_a soldier_n every_o thing_n due_o consider_v will_v scarce_o turn_v their_o back_n to_o the_o french_a there_o may_v also_o be_v a_o way_n find_v out_o for_o germany_n to_o keep_v always_o a_o sufficient_a army_n on_o foot_n against_o france_n at_o least_o it_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o if_o france_n shall_v attack_v germany_n in_o good_a earnest_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n will_v be_v looker_n on_o but_o if_o germany_n be_v divide_v within_o itself_o so_o that_o either_o one_o party_n shall_v join_v with_o france_n whilst_o some_o other_o stand_v neuter_n till_o france_n have_v devour_v some_o of_o the_o neighbour_a state_n than_o nothing_o but_o fatal_a consequence_n can_v attend_v it_o chap._n ix_o of_o denmark_n §_o 1._o kingdom_n denmark_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a kingdom_n in_o europe_n which_o be_v establish_v a_o great_a many_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n but_o for_o want_v of_o good_a history_n it_o can_v be_v precise_o determine_v at_o what_o time_n it_o have_v its_o beginning_n nor_o how_o long_o each_o of_o its_o ancient_a king_n reign_v or_o what_o be_v there_o great_a deed_n we_o will_v not_o therefore_o detain_v the_o reader_n by_o insert_v here_o there_o bare_a name_n but_o only_o to_o touch_v upon_o such_o matter_n as_o be_v with_o some_o certainty_n transmit_v to_o posterity_n among_o the_o most_o ancient_a king_n iii_o frotho_n iii_o be_v most_o famous_a who_o it_o be_v say_v do_v reign_v just_a before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n and_o be_v a_o most_o potent_a monarch_n who_o rule_v over_o denmark_n sweden_n norway_n england_n ireland_n and_o other_o neighbour_a state_n the_o border_n of_o his_o territory_n be_v on_o the_o east-side_n russia_n and_o on_o the_o westside_n the_o rhine_n it_o be_v also_o relate_v that_o he_o conquer_a the_o vandal_n which_o live_v then_o in_o these_o country_n that_o now_o be_v call_v pomerania_n and_o mecklenburgh_n and_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o king_n that_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o vandal_n gotrick_n it_o be_v say_v do_v assist_v wittekind_n the_o king_n of_o the_o saxon_n against_o charles_n the_o great_a erick_n be_v common_o reckon_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o denmark_n though_o some_o pretend_v i._n that_o his_o brother_n herald_n 846._o who_o reign_v before_o he_o be_v the_o first_o under_o this_o king_n reign_v the_o christian_a religion_n be_v propagate_v in_o denmark_n by_o the_o help_n of_o ansgarius_n than_o bishop_n of_o bremen_n which_o afterward_o king_n gormo_n ii_o endeavour_v to_o root_n out_o again_o be_v force_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n sumame_v the_o bird_n ketcher_n to_o grant_v the_o free_a
the_o turkish_a subjection_n cosackâ—_n the_o cosack_v also_o use_v to_o be_v very_o serviceable_a against_o the_o tartar_n as_o live_v near_o the_o isthmus_n of_o the_o taurick_n chersonese_n and_o therefore_o be_v convenient_o situate_v to_o cut_v of_o their_o retreat_n in_o their_o return_n home_o but_o the_o pole_n by_o their_o ill_a entertainment_n have_v so_o exasperate_v the_o cosack_n that_o since_o they_o have_v do_v as_o much_o mischief_n to_o they_o as_o former_o they_o use_v to_o do_v good_a and_o if_o the_o pole_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a by_o fair_a mean_n to_o bring_v over_o the_o cosack_v again_o to_o their_o side_n and_o these_o shall_v either_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o moscovite_n or_o the_o turk_n or_o that_o these_o shall_v quite_o root_v they_o out_o then_o poland_n have_v get_v a_o incurable_a ulcer_n on_o that_o side_n which_o may_v prove_v fatal_a to_o all_o the_o neighbour_a province_n of_o the_o vkrain_n last_o the_o turk_n be_v a_o dangerous_a neighbour_n to_o poland_n who_o strength_n be_v much_o superior_a to_o that_o of_o poland_n especial_o if_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o assist_v by_o the_o cosack_n or_o by_o some_o foreign_a state_n for_o though_o the_o polish_v cavalry_n may_v not_o be_v inferior_a to_o the_o turk_n yet_o can_v i_o see_v which_o way_n they_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n such_o force_n as_o may_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o janissary_n though_o the_o negligence_n and_o domestic_a division_n of_o the_o pole_n have_v late_o be_v the_o chief_a inducement_n which_o have_v draw_v the_o turk_n so_o deep_a into_o poland_n there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n which_o will_v more_o convenient_o secure_v the_o pole_n against_o the_o turk_n than_o if_o the_o prince_n of_o moldavia_n wallachia_n and_o transylvania_n do_v belong_v to_o poland_n they_o be_v able_a to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o turk_n into_o poland_n but_o because_o the_o pole_n have_v long_o ago_o lose_v this_o advantage_n or_o rather_o neglect_v it_o it_o be_v their_o business_n now_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o turk_n do_v not_o advance_v deep_o into_o the_o country_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o pretension_n of_o a_o war_n from_o the_o turk_n it_o seem_v very_o necessary_a that_o the_o pole_n as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v do_v take_v care_n that_o the_o cosack_n do_v not_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n commit_v depredation_n upon_o the_o turkish_a subject_n for_o else_o the_o turk_n be_v not_o to_o be_v blame_v if_o endeavour_v to_o root_v out_o these_o rapacious_a bird_n they_o destroy_v their_o nest_n and_o make_v the_o vkrain_n a_o vast_a wilderness_n when_o poland_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o turk_n it_o may_v expect_v some_o subside_n from_o the_o pope_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n be_v able_a by_o make_v a_o diversion_n to_o the_o turk_n to_o give_v relief_n to_o poland_n but_o this_o house_n hitherto_o have_v not_o be_v forward_o to_o attack_v the_o turk_n if_o these_o have_v not_o be_v the_o first_o aggressor_n the_o moscovite_n also_o may_v contribute_v something_o this_o way_n if_o there_o be_v any_o hope_n of_o a_o true_a understanding_n betwixt_o these_o two_o nation_n but_o as_o the_o case_n now_o stand_v the_o pole_n must_v chief_o rely_v upon_o their_o own_o strength_n and_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o own_o affair_n be_v able_a to_o judge_n how_o far_o they_o ought_v to_o engage_v themselves_o against_o the_o turk_n chap._n xi_o of_o moscout_n §_o 1._o the_o first_o origin_n of_o this_o empire_n russia_n and_o the_o achievement_n of_o their_o ancient_a prince_n be_v very_o uncertain_a and_o obscure_a since_o what_o be_v to_o be_v find_v of_o this_o nature_n among_o a_o ignorant_a people_n be_v all_o very_a confuse_a so_o much_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o great_a empire_n be_v former_o divide_v into_o a_o great_a many_o petty_a lordship_n which_o afterward_o be_v unite_v in_o one_o body_n we_o will_v only_o relate_v in_o a_o few_o word_n that_o the_o russian_n in_o the_o year_n 989._o first_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n at_o which_o time_n their_o prince_n wolodomir_n marry_v anne_n the_o sister_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n basilius_n porphyrogenitus_n in_o the_o year_n 1237._o their_o prince_n george_n be_v slay_v by_o battus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o tartar_n whereby_o the_o russian_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o tartar_n their_o prince_n be_v dependent_a on_o they_o after_o a_o long_a time_n they_o at_o last_o free_v themselves_o from_o this_o slavery_n under_o their_o prince_n john_n john_n son_n of_o basilius_n the_o blind_a who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 1450._o under_o his_o reign_n russia_n be_v first_o unite_v into_o one_o considerable_a body_n he_o have_v subdue_v most_o of_o these_o petty_a prince_n which_o have_v divide_v russia_n among_o they_o especial_o the_o duke_n of_o tiver_n and_o of_o great_a novogrod_n in_o which_o city_n it_o be_v say_v he_o get_v a_o booty_n of_o three_o hundred_o cart_n load_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n this_o prince_n build_v juanogrod_n a_o castle_n near_o narva_n §_o 2._o basilius_n he_o succeed_v his_o son_n basilius_n who_o take_v pleskeu_o which_o be_v former_o a_o free_a city_n from_o the_o pole_n he_o also_o take_v smolensko_n but_o be_v sound_o beat_v by_o the_o astracan_a tartar_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n ransack_v the_o city_n of_o moscovy_n basilewitz_n he_o succeed_v his_o son_n john_n basilowitz_n a_o cruel_a tyrant_n 1533._o who_o conquer_v the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o casan_n and_o astracan_a and_o unite_v they_o to_o muscovy_n he_o use_v the_o livonian_o very_o â—atharously_o have_v kill_v one_o furstenbergh_n the_o master_n of_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n there_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o the_o city_n of_o reval_n and_o whole_a tethland_n surrender_v themselves_o to_o swedeland_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o livonia_n to_o poland_n he_o be_v at_o first_o victorious_a against_o the_o pole_n but_o afterward_o stephen_n batori_n take_v from_o he_o plotzko_n and_o several_a other_o place_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1584._o and_o unto_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n theodore_n juanowitz_n juanowitz_n a_o very_a simple_a prince_n against_o who_o the_o swede_n wage_v war_n about_o ingermanland_n §_o 3._o this_o theodore_n die_v without_o issue_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n boris_n guidenow_n do_v by_o his_o intrigue_n obtain_v the_o empire_n guidenow_n but_o with_o very_o indifferent_a success_n especial_o after_o the_o suppose_a demetrius_n begin_v to_o contend_v with_o he_o for_o it_o 1605._o during_o which_o trouble_n he_o die_v his_o son_n theodore_n borissowitz_n be_v proclaim_v great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n but_o the_o muscovite_n have_v afterward_o for_o the_o most_o part_n side_v with_o the_o suppose_a demetrius_n he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o murder_v after_o he_o have_v but_o six_o month_n enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o grand_a duke_n what_o become_v of_o the_o suppose_a demetrius_n 1606._o and_o how_o basilius_n zuski_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n we_o have_v relate_v before_o to_o this_o zuski_n charles_n ix_o king_n of_o swedeland_n offer_v his_o assistance_n against_o the_o second_o suppose_v demetrius_n which_o he_o at_o first_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o but_o afterward_o when_o the_o other_o begin_v to_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o he_o earnest_o desire_v the_o same_o promise_v to_o surrender_v to_o charles_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n kekholm_n the_o king_n send_v to_o his_o assistance_n pontus_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr gardie_n with_o some_o thousand_o man_n who_o be_v very_o serviceable_a to_o the_o muscovite_n nevertheless_o they_o make_v a_o great_a many_o evasion_n refuse_v to_o deliver_v up_o these_o place_n which_o they_o have_v promise_v before_o wherefore_o the_o swede_n take_v they_o by_o force_n and_o thereby_o unite_a carelia_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o ingermanland_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n how_o this_o basilius_n zuski_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o pole_n how_o the_o suppose_a demetrius_n be_v slay_v and_o vladislaus_n prince_n of_o poland_n make_v duke_n of_o muscovy_n have_v be_v relate_v before_o §_o 4._o fadorowitz_n at_o last_o michael_n fadorowitz_n son_n of_o the_o patriarch_n theodore_n mikitowitz_n bear_v of_o the_o daughter_n of_o john_n basilowitz_n maintain_v himself_o in_o the_o empire_n 1613._o who_o have_v conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o sweden_n and_o poland_n restore_v tranquillity_n to_o the_o muscovite_n 1645._o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n alexius_n michaelowitz_n michaelowitz_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1653._o fall_v upon_o the_o pole_n take_v from_o they_o smolensko_fw-mi and_o kiovia_n and_o commit_v great_a depredation_n in_o lithuania_n 1656._o and_o have_v enter_v livonia_n take_v dorpt_v koenhusen_n and_o several_a other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n but_o be_v oblige_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o riga_n with_o great_a loss_n
world_n of_o the_o vanity_n of_o worldly_a wisdom_n and_o to_o show_v how_o easy_a it_o be_v for_o he_o to_o effect_v this_o great_a work_n by_o the_o mean_n even_o of_o poor_a fisherman_n beside_o this_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o apostle_n seem_v to_o be_v full_a of_o absurdity_n to_o the_o philosopher_n and_o politician_n the_o same_o be_v found_v upon_o and_o begin_v with_o jesus_n who_o be_v crucify_v for_o it_o appear_v very_o strange_a to_o they_o that_o the_o apostle_n shall_v acknowledge_v he_o for_o the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o their_o saviour_n who_o be_v of_o a_o hate_a and_o despise_a nation_n who_o have_v live_v without_o any_o great_a splendour_n or_o perform_v any_o great_a heroic_a action_n have_v beside_o this_o not_o make_v himself_o famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n by_o long_a study_n or_o preach_v but_o have_v in_o his_o young_a year_n suffer_v a_o most_o infamous_a death_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o jesuit_n when_o they_o teach_v the_o christian_a religion_n among_o the_o refine_a chineses_n do_v not_o begin_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o christ_n but_o argue_v first_o with_o they_o out_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o natural_a religion_n and_o so_o at_o last_o come_v about_o to_o this_o article_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n but_o whether_o these_o father_n by_o this_o method_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v more_o successful_a than_o the_o apostle_n i_o will_v not_o determine_v here_o convert_v it_o may_v also_o be_v allege_v that_o god_n be_v please_v to_o deliver_v the_o common_a people_n among_o the_o heathen_n before_o great_a man_n out_o of_o their_o misery_n and_o darkness_n because_o the_o first_o be_v seduce_v by_o the_o latter_a and_o uphold_v in_o their_o superstition_n for_o these_o though_o they_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o pagan_a religion_n yet_o do_v not_o do_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o search_v after_o a_o better_o wherefore_o god_n almighty_a by_o first_o draw_v away_o the_o common_a people_n from_o paganism_n do_v undermine_v the_o whole_a structure_n which_o be_v force_v to_o fall_v of_o itself_o since_o the_o simplicity_n and_o credulity_n of_o the_o common_a people_n be_v the_o foundation_n stone_n of_o the_o pagan_a religion_n §_o 9_o church_n the_o christian_a doctrine_n therefore_o have_v be_v most_o of_o all_o at_o first_o spread_v abroad_o among_o the_o common_a people_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o it_o be_v grievous_o oppress_v and_o persecute_v afterward_o by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n for_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n it_o have_v its_o first_o beginning_n and_o chief_a increase_n one_o of_o the_o main_a occasion_n of_o these_o persecution_n be_v their_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o new_a religion_n or_o what_o be_v the_o main_a end_n of_o it_o since_o they_o see_v the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n daily_o increase_v who_o all_o despise_a the_o pagan_a religion_n the_o emperor_n thought_n it_o below_o their_o high_a station_n to_o make_v a_o due_a enquiry_n into_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o doctrine_n and_o there_o be_v very_o few_o among_o the_o first_o christian_n that_o be_v fit_o qualify_v to_o represent_v their_o doctrine_n in_o due_a form_n to_o people_n of_o quality_n christian_n these_o therefore_o use_v to_o be_v lead_v away_o by_o the_o false_a suggestion_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o christian_n who_o insinuate_v to_o they_o that_o the_o christian_n in_o their_o nocturnal_a assembly_n do_v practice_v all_o sort_n of_o debauchery_n much_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o former_o use_v to_o be_v practise_v at_o the_o festival_n of_o bacchus_n or_o else_o that_o they_o be_v then_o plot_v against_o the_o state_n there_o be_v also_o not_o a_o few_o among_o the_o roman_n it_o who_o be_v averse_a to_o any_o innovation_n whatsoever_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o since_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v stand_v in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n several_a age_n pass_v under_o the_o ancient_a religion_n the_o same_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v abrogate_a especial_o they_o do_v think_v it_o in_o no_o way_n become_v the_o common_a people_n to_o pretend_v to_o a_o innovation_n and_o to_o more_o wisdom_n than_o their_o sovereign_n the_o christian_n also_o have_v among_o themselves_o a_o certain_a form_n of_o ecclesiastical_a government_n this_o render_v they_o suspect_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o such_o that_o be_v for_o set_v up_o a_o faction_n against_o the_o state_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a society_n in_o it_o and_o so_o to_o divide_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o some_o also_o there_o be_v who_o perceive_v that_o the_o more_o the_o number_n of_o the_o christian_n increase_v the_o less_o frequent_v be_v the_o temple_n of_o the_o heathen_n and_o that_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o decline_v and_o receive_v great_a shock_n they_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o these_o misfortune_n befall_v they_o because_o those_o god_n through_o who_o assistance_n the_o roman_a empire_n arrive_v to_o the_o pinnacle_n of_o its_o grandeur_n be_v now_o despise_v among_o they_o and_o therefore_o look_v upon_o the_o christian_n as_o a_o atheistical_a generation_n endeavour_v to_o over-turn_a the_o very_a foundation_n of_o religion_n and_o because_o the_o christian_n refuse_v to_o adore_v the_o idol_n notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n command_n and_o suffer_v the_o most_o prodigious_a torture_n and_o death_n with_o constancy_n and_o even_a joy_n they_o be_v treat_v like_o a_o perverse_a and_o obstinate_a sort_n of_o people_n by_o the_o roman_n who_o increase_v their_o cruelty_n to_o maintain_v their_o authority_n against_o they_o but_o no_o sufficient_a reason_n can_v be_v allege_v for_o the_o justification_n of_o these_o persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v no_o otherwise_o than_o unlawful_a tyranny_n and_o pernicious_a abuse_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n for_o their_o subject_n have_v receive_v this_o religion_n according_a to_o the_o express_a command_n of_o god_n which_o can_v nor_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n the_o magistrate_n as_o well_o as_o the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v it_o except_o they_o will_v gross_o sin_v against_o god_n almighty_a neither_o can_v their_o ignorance_n serve_v they_o for_o a_o excuse_n since_o this_o be_v a_o new_a doctrine_n it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o take_v due_a information_n concern_v the_o same_o before_o they_o have_v send_v the_o innocent_a christian_n to_o execution_n only_o because_o they_o refuâ—ed_v to_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o their_o sovereign_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o oblige_v they_o to_o obedience_n in_o this_o point_n for_o no_o body_n ought_v to_o give_v sentence_n of_o death_n against_o any_o one_o before_o he_o be_v due_o inform_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n he_o be_v accuse_v of_o §_o government_n 10._o and_o because_o the_o sovereign_n do_v at_o first_o not_o concern_v themselves_o for_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o christian_n therefore_o do_v without_o their_o assistance_n constitute_v a_o ministry_n and_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n among_o themselves_o which_o be_v maintain_v among_o they_o as_o well_o as_o it_o can_v for_o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o society_n which_o be_v institute_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n that_o the_o member_n thereof_o be_v force_v to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o which_o way_n to_o order_v their_o affair_n best_o and_o to_o constitute_v certain_a rule_n and_o governor_n for_o the_o management_n of_o the_o society_n else_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o policy_n found_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o outward_a government_n of_o religion_n belong_v to_o the_o sovereign_n but_o because_o the_o magistrate_n will_v not_o perform_v their_o duty_n at_o that_o time_n the_o christian_n be_v oblige_v to_o constitute_v minister_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n who_o receive_v their_o maintenance_n from_o the_o charity_n of_o good_a christian_n and_o if_o any_o error_n do_v arise_v or_o other_o matter_n happen_v of_o such_o consequence_n that_o the_o same_o can_v not_o be_v decide_v by_o one_o assembly_n several_a of_o these_o assembly_n use_v to_o consult_v among_o themselves_o concern_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n or_o leave_v the_o determination_n to_o a_o assembly_n of_o such_o miinister_n as_o be_v next_o at_o hand_n though_o it_o be_v certain_o else_o not_o to_o be_v allow_v in_o a_o state_n that_o private_a person_n shall_v constitute_v a_o society_n among_o themselves_o consist_v especial_o of_o a_o considerable_a number_n yet_o the_o assembly_n and_o synod_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v deem_v unlawful_a meeting_n since_o their_o only_a aim_n be_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n which_o be_v command_v they_o by_o god_n ought_v not_o
to_o have_v be_v oppose_v by_o any_o human_a power_n neither_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o because_o the_o magistrate_n be_v careless_a both_o of_o their_o duty_n and_o their_o own_o salvation_n the_o rest_n also_o who_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n shall_v lose_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o salvation_n against_o which_o no_o civil_a power_n ought_v to_o extend_v its_o jurisdiction_n and_o as_o it_o be_v allowable_a for_o every_o body_n to_o defend_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o weapon_n if_o magistrate_n either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o protect_v he_o so_o if_o a_o sovereign_n will_v not_o do_v his_o office_n as_o to_o the_o preservation_n of_o my_o soul_n i_o have_v as_o much_o more_o right_a to_o take_v care_n of_o it_o without_o he_o as_o the_o soul_n be_v dear_a to_o i_o than_o the_o body_n and_o as_o by_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n my_o fellow_n subject_n be_v less_o endanger_v than_o by_o a_o violent_a defence_n of_o my_o own_o person_n for_o no_o body_n by_o become_v a_o subject_a in_o a_o civil_a society_n do_v thereby_o renounce_v the_o privilege_n of_o take_v care_n for_o his_o soul_n and_o body_n otherwise_o no_o doubt_n be_v to_o be_v make_v that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n to_o introduce_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n these_o will_v with_o their_o command_n have_v assist_v the_o apostle_n in_o their_o office_n throw_v down_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n abolish_v the_o pagan_a idolatry_n and_o will_v according_a to_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o apostle_n have_v constitute_v the_o outward_a church_n government_n and_o maintain_v it_o afterward_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a enough_o that_o this_o have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v as_o to_o this_o point_n in_o other_o country_n where_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v be_v first_o introduce_v into_o the_o state_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o sovereign_n §_o thence_o 11._o nevertheless_o because_o the_o first_o christian_n be_v oblige_v when_o the_o magistrate_n fail_v in_o their_o duty_n to_o regulate_v and_o constitute_v a_o church_n government_n among_o themselves_o this_o have_v occasion_v the_o rise_n of_o several_a error_n which_o be_v of_o no_o small_a consequence_n for_o some_o have_v from_o thence_o endeavour_v to_o make_v this_o inference_n that_o the_o people_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o opposition_n to_o sovereignty_n have_v a_o original_a and_o inherent_a right_n to_o elect_a church_n minister_n it_o be_v true_a a_o minister_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v obtrude_v upon_o a_o assembly_n against_o their_o will_n especial_o if_o they_o have_v a_o lawful_a exception_n against_o he_o because_o he_o will_v edify_v but_o little_a in_o his_o station_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v not_o from_o hence_o to_o be_v conclude_v that_o because_o some_o assembly_n have_v be_v oblige_v to_o provide_v themselves_o with_o minister_n when_o the_o magistrate_n do_v neglect_v their_o duty_n therefore_o the_o same_o right_n be_v ever_o since_o original_o in_o the_o people_n for_o without_o this_o supposition_n a_o assembly_n have_v as_o little_a right_n to_o call_v and_o constitute_v a_o church_n minister_n as_o to_o dispose_v of_o public_a office_n and_o employment_n in_o the_o state_n and_o if_o in_o some_o place_n the_o common_a people_n or_o some_o other_o have_v such_o a_o right_n it_o be_v enjoy_v either_o by_o connivance_n or_o a_o concession_n from_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n who_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o christian_a and_o orthodox_n some_o also_o have_v be_v endeavour_v to_o draw_v from_o thence_o this_o conclusion_n viz._n that_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n be_v separate_v and_o distinct_a from_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n and_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v administer_v either_o by_o the_o whole_a clergy_n or_o else_o to_o depend_v absolute_o on_o one_o single_a person_n of_o the_o clergy_n so_o that_o according_a to_o this_o supposition_n there_o must_v be_v in_o each_o christian_a state_n two_o distinct_a body_n independent_a of_o one_o another_o one_o of_o which_o must_v be_v call_v the_o ecclesiastic_a ecclesia_fw-la the_o other_o the_o politic_a state_n civitas_n and_o each_o of_o they_o to_o be_v sovereign_a in_o its_o government_n but_o though_o this_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o sometime_o when_o magistrate_n be_v quite_o negligent_a of_o their_o duty_n this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v into_o consequence_n when_o magistrate_n be_v ready_a due_o to_o execute_v their_o office_n neither_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o same_o power_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o apostle_n at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o church_n be_v first_o to_o be_v establish_v be_v now_o devolve_v to_o such_o church_n minister_n as_o have_v not_o a_o immediate_a vocation_n from_o god_n in_o the_o establish_v church_n for_o the_o office_n of_o the_o apostle_n be_v particular_a and_o very_o different_a from_o the_o church_n ministry_n as_o it_o be_v exercise_v now_o adays_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n be_v very_o different_a from_o the_o ministry_n and_o as_o every_o lawful_a church_n minister_n be_v therefore_o not_o immediate_o a_o apostle_n so_o the_o king_n be_v therefore_o not_o immediate_o a_o priest_n and_o though_o the_o christian_a religion_n owe_v its_o original_a to_o god_n and_o be_v above_o human_a reason_n nevertheless_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n may_v be_v capable_a of_o have_v the_o outward_a direction_n over_o it_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o such_o person_n as_o be_v best_a verse_v in_o such_o affair_n and_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v this_o conclusion_n may_v be_v make_v viz._n that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n as_o to_o this_o point_n of_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n be_v not_o to_o be_v make_v a_o perpetual_a and_o universal_a rule_n of_o the_o church_n government_n in_o a_o state_n which_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o christian_a and_o orthodox_n magistrate_n for_o that_o practice_n be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o affair_n then_o but_o where_o both_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o the_o sovereign_n have_v receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n the_o case_n be_v quite_o different_a and_o imply_v not_o any_o necessity_n that_o the_o state_n shall_v thereby_o become_v a_o body_n with_o two_o head_n §_o 12._o church_n after_o constantine_n the_o great_a have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n the_o church_n begin_v to_o get_v another_o face_n the_o sovereign_n be_v then_o fit_o qualify_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o outward_a church_n government_n nevertheless_o the_o say_v outward_a church_n government_n can_v not_o be_v so_o immediate_o and_o regular_o order_v as_o if_o from_o the_o first_o beginning_n the_o sovereign_n have_v receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n for_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o remnant_n leave_v of_o the_o former_a provisional_a church_n government_n which_o afterward_o occasion_v great_a abuse_n in_o the_o western_a or_o latin_a church_n for_o it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a for_o these_o emperor_n who_o pass_v then_o but_o for_o novice_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n to_o make_v use_n at_o first_o of_o their_o power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n and_o to_o bridle_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n that_o be_v very_o backward_o to_o part_v with_o it_o they_o be_v rather_o oblige_v to_o keep_v fair_a with_o they_o and_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o assistance_n to_o establish_v themselves_o in_o the_o throne_n since_o most_o of_o their_o subject_n be_v then_o become_v christian_n pay_v a_o profound_a veneration_n to_o their_o priest_n the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n also_o make_v use_n of_o several_a minister_n and_o officer_n in_o their_o court_n who_o be_v as_o yet_o pagan_n wherefore_o it_o seem_v not_o just_a that_o matter_n concern_v the_o outward_a church_n government_n shall_v be_v determine_v by_o a_o council_n whereof_o some_o member_n be_v heathen_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o vocation_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastic_n be_v perform_v for_o the_o most_o part_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n introduce_v before_o bishop_n and_o not_o only_o such_o controversy_n as_o arise_v concern_v certain_a article_n of_o faith_n but_o also_o of_o such_o as_o have_v a_o relation_n to_o the_o outward_a order_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o all_o other_o difference_n of_o moment_n among_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o council_n or_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o clergy_n where_o these_o do_v pretend_v alone_o to_o have_v the_o right_n to_o preside_v and_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o not_o only_o the_o right_n of_o call_v they_o together_o belong_v to_o the_o sovereign_n who_o also_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n have_v exercise_v that_o power_n but_o also_o the_o
all_o the_o rest_n viz._n the_o archbishop_n of_o rome_n patriarch_n constantinople_n antioch_n and_o alexandria_n these_o be_v then_o the_o four_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v add_v to_o their_o number_n because_o of_o the_o ancient_a holiness_n of_o that_o city_n and_o though_o the_o emperor_n phocas_n out_o of_o a_o spite_n against_o the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n who_o who_o will_v not_o approve_v of_o the_o murder_n commit_v upon_o mauritius_n do_v grant_v the_o precedency_n to_o boniface_n iii_o the_o then_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o do_v thereupon_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o ecumenical_a bishop_n yet_o this_o prerogative_n do_v not_o extend_v any_o further_a than_o to_o bare_a precedency_n nor_o do_v imply_v any_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o rest_n which_o the_o other_o patriarch_n never_o acknowledge_v and_o a_o considerable_a time_n before_o when_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n pretend_v to_o put_v his_o command_n upon_o the_o bishop_n of_o africa_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n allege_v a_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o oliva_n which_o be_v falsify_v they_o send_v he_o back_o a_o very_a smart_n answer_v and_o in_o the_o whole_a business_n there_o be_v no_o footstep_n of_o a_o divine_a institution_n to_o be_v meet_v withal_o power_n the_o same_o be_v pure_o human_a nor_o can_v any_o reason_n be_v allege_v why_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n possess_v the_o first_o rank_n other_o than_o why_o he_o of_o antioch_n have_v the_o three_o among_o they_o and_o because_o one_o state_n can_v prescribe_v law_n to_o another_o therefore_o if_o any_o prerogative_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n or_o the_o ancient_a council_n which_o be_v nothing_o former_o but_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o same_o do_v not_o oblige_v any_o other_o state_n nor_o can_v they_o extend_v beyond_o the_o bound_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a empire_n but_o if_o we_o put_v the_o case_n that_o some_o christian_a prince_n or_o state_n have_v afterward_o allow_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o certain_a power_n over_o the_o church_n in_o their_o dominion_n this_o be_v either_o do_v because_o they_o either_o understand_v not_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o power_n or_o because_o they_o be_v deceive_v by_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v deem_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o treaty_n or_o alliance_n with_o the_o pope_n the_o better_a to_o administer_v the_o church_n affair_n with_o the_o pope_n direction_n such_o a_o treaty_n or_o alliance_n as_o it_o original_o proceed_v from_o the_o consent_n of_o that_o state_n so_o the_o same_o may_v be_v annul_v again_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o other_o alliance_n be_v whenever_o it_o prove_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o state_n or_o the_o pope_n begin_v to_o abuse_v the_o authority_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o state_n but_o if_o the_o pope_n have_v either_o by_o fraud_n or_o imposition_n obtain_v his_o power_n over_o other_o state_n these_o so_o misguide_a and_o thus_o surprise_v state_n have_v a_o right_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v discover_v the_o fraud_n and_o be_v convince_v of_o their_o error_n to_o shake_v off_o such_o a_o unjust_a usurpation_n and_o beside_o may_v demand_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o these_o imposture_n §_o sovereignty_n 16._o neither_o can_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n extend_v their_o power_n over_o the_o western_a part_n all_o at_o once_o but_o it_o be_v introduce_v from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o degree_n and_o by_o various_a artifices_fw-la and_o under_o several_a pretence_n for_o when_o they_o have_v once_o fasten_v their_o paw_n they_o do_v not_o retreat_v till_o they_o have_v obtain_v their_o pretension_n though_o they_o be_v several_a time_n deny_v admittance_n they_o do_v very_o wise_o take_v hold_v of_o that_o opportunity_n which_o present_v itself_o and_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o in_o my_o judgement_n when_o the_o emperor_n begin_v to_o choose_v other_o place_n of_o residence_n beside_o rome_n it_o since_o by_o their_o constant_a presence_n there_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v keep_v under_o the_o ambitious_a design_n of_o the_o bishop_n for_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n who_o questionless_a be_v no_o less_o proud_a and_o ambitious_a than_o those_o of_o rome_n can_v never_o gain_v this_o point_n the_o next_o thing_n which_o main_o contribute_v to_o this_o power_n be_v that_o afterward_o the_o western_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a new_a kingdom_n erect_v by_o barbarous_a and_o pagan_a nation_n and_o these_o have_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o romish_a church_n think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o her_o a_o profound_a respect_n and_o to_o honour_v she_o as_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o western_a part_n to_o recite_v all_o the_o particular_n here_o be_v not_o for_o our_o purpose_n bishop_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o touch_v upon_o some_o of_o the_o main_a point_n it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v remark_v that_o since_o the_o five_o century_n the_o bishop_n which_o live_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n use_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o visit_v the_o sepulcher_n of_o s._n peter_n and_o s._n paul_n out_o of_o a_o superstition_n or_o a_o devotion_n very_o common_a in_o those_o day_n or_o because_o they_o thereby_o intend_v to_o testify_v their_o firm_a adherency_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n this_o voluntary_a devotion_n be_v afterward_o by_o degree_n change_v into_o a_o necessity_n and_o such_o as_o neglect_v it_o use_v to_o receive_v severe_a rebuke_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o pope_n afterward_o to_o pretend_v that_o the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o receive_v their_o confirmation_n from_o rome_n some_o other_o bishop_n and_o church_n also_o that_o be_v novice_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a church_n use_v to_o refer_v themselves_o to_o and_o ask_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n concern_v some_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o the_o true_a use_n and_o interpretation_n of_o the_o canon_n and_o when_o they_o once_o perceive_v at_o rome_n that_o their_o answer_n be_v take_v as_o decision_n they_o begin_v to_o send_v their_o decree_n before_o they_o be_v demand_v under_o pretence_n that_o rome_n be_v the_o first_o seat_n of_o the_o christian_a bishop_n it_o ought_v to_o take_v effectual_a care_n that_o the_o canon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v due_o put_v in_o execution_n under_o the_o same_o pretence_n they_o make_v themselves_o immediate_a judge_n over_o the_o difference_n arisen_a betwixt_o the_o bishop_n and_o encroach_a upon_o the_o right_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o metropolitan_o use_v to_o depose_v such_o bishop_n as_o according_a to_o their_o opinion_n have_v not_o a_o right_a ordination_n or_o such_o as_o be_v accuse_v of_o some_o enormous_a crime_n they_o oblige_v to_o appear_v before_o they_o at_o rome_n to_o defend_v their_o cause_n and_o if_o there_o be_v some_o that_o pretend_v to_o a_o prerogative_n or_o to_o obtain_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o canon_n they_o do_v travel_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o be_v kind_o receive_v and_o encourage_v in_o their_o demand_n whereby_o the_o staple_n of_o dispensation_n and_o favour_n to_o be_v grant_v be_v establish_v at_o rome_n and_o if_o any_o one_o have_v lose_v his_o cause_n before_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n he_o use_v to_o appeal_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v kind_o receive_v and_o encourage_v the_o french_a historian_n relate_v that_o because_o the_o emperor_n henry_n have_v make_v the_o city_n of_o arles_n the_o capital_a city_n over_o seven_o province_n the_o pope_n constitute_v the_o archbishop_n of_o the_o say_a city_n his_o vicar_n in_o france_n for_o fear_n lest_o the_o say_a archbishop_n may_v by_o degree_n attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o patriarch_n of_o france_n and_o this_o archbishop_n choose_v rather_o to_o have_v the_o inspection_n though_o precarious_o over_o seventeen_o province_n into_o which_o france_n be_v divide_v at_o that_o time_n than_o to_o be_v the_o head_n only_o of_o seven_o in_o his_o own_o right_n this_o man_n to_o add_v the_o more_o authority_n to_o his_o commission_n do_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o be_v endeavour_n to_o establish_v the_o pope_n authority_n there_o afterward_o in_o the_o eight_o century_n when_o great_a disorder_n and_o debauchery_n be_v become_v frequent_a among_o the_o monk_n and_o clergy_n winifred_n a_o english_a friar_n who_o name_n be_v winifred_n and_o who_o afterward_o call_v himself_o boniface_n do_v out_o of_o a_o particular_a zeal_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o life_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o do_v endeavour_v to_o establish_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o several_a part_n
v._n the_o present_a king_n of_o denmark_n 327_o he_o make_v war_n upon_o sweden_n p._n 327_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o sweden_n 328_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v proper_a for_o all_o the_o world_n 370_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o civil_a government_n 371_o no_o other_o religion_n or_o philosophy_n comparable_a to_o it_o 372_o concern_v the_o outward_a government_n of_o religion_n 372_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o question_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n and_o of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o particular_a 374_o 375_o first_o propagation_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o by_o what_o method_n it_o be_v establish_v 376_o persecution_n of_o the_o first_o church_n and_o the_o calumny_n raise_v against_o the_o primitive_a christian_n 378_o the_o first_o church_n government_n 379_o constantine_n the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n 382_o can_v not_o quite_o alter_v the_o former_a state_n of_o the_o church_n 382_o of_o preside_v in_o counsel_n 383_o abuse_n in_o counsel_n 384_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n 394_o croisado_n by_o what_o politic_n carry_v on_o 395_o how_o the_o church_n be_v free_v from_o all_o power_n over_o it_o 399_o general_a counsel_n to_o bridle_v the_o pope_n power_n 409_o cardinal_n cajetan_n and_o his_o ill_a conduct_n 418_o calvin_n and_o zwinglius_fw-la 421_o the_o conclave_n 431_o the_o college_n of_o cardinal_n 433_o cardinal_n patroon_n 434_o celibacy_n of_o the_o clergy_n 435_o their_o number_n 436_o ceremony_n 439_o half_a communion_n 440_o union_n make_v at_o cilmar_n betwixt_o sweden_n denmark_n and_o norway_n 478_o christopher_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n make_v king_n of_o sweden_n denmark_n and_o norway_n 482_o church_n land_n reduce_v in_o sweden_n 494_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n 525_o continue_v the_o war_n in_o germany_n 526_o make_v a_o alliance_n with_o france_n 528_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n 527_o and_o afterward_o with_o denmark_n 530_o charles_n gustave_n king_n of_o sweden_n 533_o siege_n of_o copenhagen_n 534_o charles_n ix_o the_o present_a king_n of_o sweden_n 534_o his_o force_n rout_v by_o the_o elector_n of_o 〈…〉_z 534_o d._n the_o dutch_a sail_n to_o the_o east-indies_n 92_o the_o dane_n first_o come_v into_o england_n 102_o dauphine_n unite_v with_o france_n 192_o denmark_n a_o very_a ancient_a kingdom_n 316_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o danish_a naâ—ion_n 328_o neighbour_n of_o denmark_n 330_o dispute_n in_o england_n about_o the_o investiture_n of_o bishop_n 403_o e._n the_o first_o sea_n voyage_n into_o the_o east-indies_n under_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n 89_o ancient_a state_n of_o england_n 99_o england_n conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n 99_o edward_n the_o confessor_n king_n of_o england_n 103_o edward_n i._n king_n of_o england_n 114_o his_o war_n with_o scotland_n 115_o his_o war_n with_o france_n 116_o edward_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n 116_o edward_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n 117_o his_o pretension_n to_o the_o french_a crown_n 117_o his_o expedition_n into_o france_n 118_o the_o english_a decline_n in_o france_n 201_o 1â—5_n the_o english_a drive_v out_o of_o france_n 202_o 127_o edward_n iu_o of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n king_n of_o england_n 128_o edward_n v._n king_n of_o england_n 130_o edward_n vi_o king_n of_o england_n 139_o elizabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n 141_o she_o assist_v the_o huguenot_n 144_o refuses_n the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o netherlands_o twice_o offer_v to_o her_o 145_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 164_o the_o english_a form_n of_o government_n 169_o the_o power_n and_o strength_n of_o england_n 171_o the_o east-india_n company_n in_o holland_n 283_o 270_o england_n and_o france_n declare_v war_n against_o the_o dutch_a 279_o evangelical_n union_n in_o germany_n 301_o erick_n declare_v king_n of_o sweden_n denmark_n and_o norway_n 477_o 321_o of_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n 384_o concern_v excommunication_n 385_o increase_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n 391_o what_o contribute_v to_o it_o 391_o dispute_n in_o england_n about_o the_o investiture_n of_o bishop_n 403_o erasmus_n favour_n luther_n 416_o excommunication_n and_o inquisition_n 445_o erick_n fourteen_o king_n of_o sweden_n introduce_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o that_o kingdom_n 498_o f._n ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n and_o isabel_n 42_o france_n and_o its_o ancient_a state_n 174_o the_o frank_n come_v out_o of_o germany_n 175_o france_n be_v divide_v 177_o french_a pretension_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n 187_o french_a pretension_n upon_o milan_n 196_o francis_n i._n king_n of_o france_n 210_o he_o aspire_v to_o the_o empire_n 210_o his_o italian_a war_n 211_o 212_o his_o defeat_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o paviae_n where_o he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n upon_o very_o hard_a term_n 212_o francis_n ii_o king_n of_o france_n 218_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o french_a 247_o the_o government_n of_o france_n 250_o strength_n of_o france_n in_o regard_n to_o england_n and_o the_o other_o neighbour_a prince_n 251_o 252_o frederick_n henry_n i._o prince_n of_o orange_n 274_o frederick_n elector_n palatine_n ill_a success_n 302_o ferdinand_n i_o emperor_n of_o germany_n his_o proclamation_n concern_v church-land_n 302_o frederick_n i._n king_n of_o denmark_n 324_o frederick_n iii_o king_n of_o denmark_n his_o war_n with_o sweden_n 326_o be_v declare_v absolute_a and_o the_o crown_n hereditary_a 327_o battle_n fight_v in_o the_o island_n of_o fuhnen_a 534_o g._n grease_n p._n 6_o gothick_n empire_n and_o its_o downfall_n in_o spain_n 29_o granada_n take_v 43_o gaul_n subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n 174_o by_o the_o barbarian_a nation_n 174_o germany_n divide_v from_o france_n 180_o the_o gabel_n first_o introduce_v into_o france_n by_o philip_n of_o valois_n their_o king_n 192_o the_o treaty_n of_o ghent_n betwixt_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o netherlander_n 264_o germany_n and_o its_o ancient_a condition_n 282_o the_o gvelf_n and_o gibellin_n faction_n in_o italy_n 291_o german_a war_n and_o their_o origin_n under_o mathias_n 300_o gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o sweden_n his_o death_n 303_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o german_n 306_o form_n of_o government_n in_o germany_n 307_o its_o commodity_n 307_o its_o strength_n and_o weakness_n 308_o its_o neighbour_n 312_o gregory_n pope_n of_o rome_n excommunicate_v the_o emperor_n henry_n iu._n 402_o endeavour_n to_o subject_v the_o emperor_n 403_o the_o german_a prince_n dissatisfy_v with_o the_o pope_n 417_o the_o gothick_n nation_n and_o its_o first_o founder_n 461_o the_o goth_n and_o swede_n unite_v in_o one_o kingdom_n 461_o gustavus_n i._n king_n of_o sweden_n 489_o gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o sweden_n 511_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o muscovite_n 512_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o pole_n in_o ponâ—ria_n 513_o engage_v in_o the_o german_a war_n 515_o land_n his_o force_n in_o germany_n and_o make_v a_o alliance_n with_o france_n 517_o be_v kill_v 525_o h._n henry_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n 113_o the_o war_n with_o the_o baron_n 114_o henry_n iu_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n invade_v england_n 121_o after_o great_a difficulty_n surmount_v become_v king_n of_o england_n 122_o henry_n v._n king_n of_o england_n 122_o he_o invade_v france_n to_o prosecute_v his_o claim_n to_o that_o crown_n 123_o the_o battle_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o french_a fight_v near_o agincourt_n 123_o henry_n vi_o king_n of_o england_n 124_o be_v proclaim_v king_n of_o france_n 125_o be_v crown_v in_o paris_n 125_o henry_n vii_o earl_n of_o richmond_n invade_v england_n 131_o be_v make_v king_n and_o unite_v the_o white_a and_o red_a rose_n 132_o henry_n viii_o king_n of_o england_n 133_o his_o divorce_n with_o queen_n catharine_n 135_o he_o abrogate_v the_o pope_n supremacy_n 136_o marry_v anna_n bullen_n 136_o demolish_v the_o monastery_n 137_o cause_n anna_n bullen_n to_o be_v behead_v 138_o his_o other_o wife_n 138_o hugh_n capel_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o present_a royal_a family_n in_o france_n 182_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o france_n 215_o his_o expedition_n into_o germany_n 216_o his_o project_n to_o unite_v scotland_n with_o france_n miscarry_v 217_o huguenot_n war_n in_o france_n under_o charles_n ix_o the_o first_o second_o three_o four_o and_o five_o 221_o 222_o 223_o 224_o henry_n iii_o king_n of_o france_n 224_o the_o holy_a league_n under_o his_o reign_n 225_o huguenot_n war_n in_o france_n the_o six_o seven_o and_o eight_o 225_o 226_o 227_o henry_n iii_o force_v from_o paris_n by_o the_o league_n 227_o he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o huguenot_n against_o the_o league_n 228_o henry_n iu_o king_n of_o navarre_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n 228_o his_o difficulty_n a_o account_n of_o his_o religion_n 228_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n 230_o change_n his_o religion_n 231_o be_v assault_v and_o wound_v by_o a_o russian_a 231_o
they_o make_v convert_v 423_o the_o pope_n temporal_a state_n his_o dominion_n force_n how_o he_o stand_v with_o relation_n to_o germany_n spain_n and_o france_n 424_o 425_o popish_a monarchy_n as_o spiritual_a its_o particular_a constitution_n 426_o why_o it_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o monarchy_n 429_o why_o it_o must_v be_v elective_a 430_o why_o the_o pope_n be_v to_o live_v in_o the_o state_n of_o celibacy_n 431_o popish_a doctrine_n suit_v to_o the_o state_n 436_o penance_n 439_o purgatory_n 441_o prayer_n to_o saint_n 441_o the_o main_a pillar_n of_o the_o popish_a monarchy_n 451_o the_o pope_n inclination_n towards_o the_o protestant_n 452_o no_o peace_n to_o be_v expect_v betwixt_o the_o roman_a catholic_n and_o protestant_n 453_o strength_n of_o the_o protestant_n and_o papist_n 454_o the_o protestant_a religion_n estabished_a in_o sweden_n 495_o r._n room_z a_o warlike_a city_n 13_o it_o be_v military_a institution_n 15_o religion_n of_o the_o roman_n 17_o roman_a king_n expel_v and_o a_o new_a form_n of_o government_n erect_v 19_o defect_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n 21_o in_o rome_n be_v two_o distinct_a body_n 23_o the_o rom._n monarchy_n can_v not_o be_v of_o long_a continuance_n 25_o rome_n take_v by_o charles_n v._n 49_o the_o roman_n conquer_v england_n 99_o richard_n i._n king_n of_o england_n 111_o his_o expedition_n into_o the_o holy_a land_n 111_o richard_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n 120_o richard_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n 131_o rebellion_n begin_v in_o england_n under_o charles_n i._n 157_o richlieu_n make_v chief_a minist_n of_o state_n under_o lew._n iii_o 235_o rochel_n take_v from_o the_o french_a huguenot_n 235_o rudolf_n earl_n of_o habsburgh_n the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o present_a house_n of_o austria_n 292_o the_o reformation_n in_o germany_n 297_o the_o roman_a spiritual_a monarchy_n 368_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o politic_a reason_n against_o the_o primitive_a christian_a church_n 378_o rome_n why_o it_o be_v make_v the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n 389_o relic_n 441_o reformation_n begin_v in_o sweden_n 491_o s._n sparta_n 7_o spain_n and_o its_o ancient_a state_n 28_o spain_n conquer_v by_o the_o west_n goth_n 28_o by_o the_o saracen_n 30_o great_a division_n in_o spain_n 34_o the_o sicilian_a vesper_n 188_o 39_o first_o begin_v of_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n 43_o spanish_a armado_n destroy_v 145_o 56_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o spaniard_n 67_o the_o spanish_a west-indies_n 69_o it_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o its_o riches_n 71_o 72_o sardinia_n and_o sicily_n 74_o spanish_a netherlands_o 74_o strength_n and_o weakness_n of_o spain_n 75_o its_o condition_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o neighbour_n 77_o the_o saxon_n come_v into_o brittany_n 100_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n 101_o the_o scotch_a defeat_v by_o the_o english_a 119_o the_o scotch_a covenant_n 154_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n 165_o spain_n enter_v into_o the_o holy_a league_n in_o france_n 226_o the_o slinger_n in_o france_n 239_o the_o swisser_n and_o the_o first_o original_n of_o their_o commonweal_n 273_o their_o first_o union_n 274_o their_o genius_n 279_o their_o strength_n and_o weakness_n 279_o league_n at_o smalkald_n 298_o stephen_n batori_n make_v king_n of_o poland_n 342_o he_o put_v the_o cosack_n in_o good_a discipline_n 342_o sigismond_n iii_o king_n of_o poland_n 343_o his_o war_n with_o the_o muscovite_n 343_o his_o oversight_n during_o the_o trouble_n in_o muscovy_n 345_o siâ—â—_n venial_a and_o mortal_a 438_o state_n that_o be_v tie_v by_o a_o particular_a interest_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 448_o 449_o sweden_n the_o most_o ancient_a kingdom_n in_o europe_n 461_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n first_o teach_v in_o sweden_n 464_o celibacy_n of_o clergy_n introduce_v in_o sweden_n 468_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n make_v hereditary_a and_o the_o popish_a religion_n abolish_v 497_o a_o new_a swedish_n liturgy_n introduce_v 504_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o sweden_n 506_o be_v depose_v 510_o the_o nature_n and_o qualification_n of_o the_o swedish_n nation_n 535_o their_o condition_n strength_n and_o neighbour_n 536_o 537_o t_o truce_n with_o holland_n make_v by_o philip_n iii_o k._n of_o spain_n 60_o the_o tripie_a alliance_n 66_o the_o templar_n suppress_v in_o france_n 189_o truce_n betwixt_o the_o emperor_n charles_n v._o and_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o france_n 216_o the_o tartar_n make_v the_o first_o inroad_n into_o poland_n 338_o theodore_n ivanowitz_n czar_n of_o muscovy_n 362_o tradition_n 438_o first_o translation_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n into_o swedish_n 492_o v._n the_o union_n of_o utrecht_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o seven_o unite_a province_n 265_o they_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o english_a 267_o uladislaus_n iu_o king_n of_o poland_n obtain_v a_o signal_n victory_n over_o the_o muscovite_n 348_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o cosack_n under_o his_o reign_n 348_o the_o university_n have_v promote_v the_o popish_a sovereignty_n 442_o w._n have_v betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o their_o first_o rise_n 44_o war_n betwixt_o charles_n v._o and_o france_n 47_o war_n betwixt_o holland_n and_o portugal_n 93_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 104_o he_o conquer_v england_n 184_o 105_o intestine_a war_n in_o france_n under_o king_n francis_n ii_o 218_o william_n prince_n of_o orange_n 256_o be_v murder_v at_o delft_n 267_o william_n ii_o prince_n of_o orange_n 275_o he_o make_v the_o two_o de_fw-fr wit_n prisoner_n 276_o they_o be_v murder_v 280_o william_n iii_o prince_n of_o orange_n 277_o war_n betwixt_o the_o english_a parliament_n and_o the_o dutch_a 277_o a_o second_o war_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_n 278_o war_n betwixt_o charles_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o the_o swisser_n 276_o war_n betwixt_o france_n and_o the_o swisser_n 277_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n 304_o winifred_n the_o monk_n 393_o war_n betwixt_o the_o muscovite_n and_o swede_n 5â—2_n war_n betwixt_o the_o swede_n and_o pole_n in_o livonia_n 511_o zwinglius_fw-la and_o calvin_n 421_o a_o introduction_n to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o chief_a kingdom_n and_o state_n now_o in_o europe_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o ancient_a monarchy_n and_o more_o especial_o of_o the_o roman_a out_o of_o who_o ruin_n arise_v several_a kingdom_n and_o state_n §_o 1._o no_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n imagine_v that_o at_o the_o first_o propagation_n of_o mankind_n mankind_n there_o be_v such_o government_n as_o be_v among_o we_o at_o this_o time_n but_o in_o those_o time_n each_o father_n without_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o superior_a power_n govern_v his_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n as_o a_o sovereign_n nay_o it_o seem_v very_o probable_a to_o i_o that_o even_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n there_o be_v no_o magistracy_n or_o any_o civil_a constitution_n but_o that_o the_o government_n be_v lodge_v only_o in_o each_o father_n of_o his_o family_n for_o it_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o such_o abominable_a disorder_n can_v have_v be_v introduce_v where_o the_o power_n of_o magistrate_n and_o law_n be_v exercise_v and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o after_o once_o the_o rule_n of_o government_n be_v constitute_v we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o mankind_n in_o general_n do_v run_v into_o the_o same_o enormity_n of_o which_o god_n almighty_a be_v oblige_v to_o purge_v the_o world_n by_o a_o universal_a punishment_n though_o the_o root_n of_o the_o evil_n be_v remain_v as_o well_o after_o as_o before_o the_o deluge_n it_o seem_v also_o that_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n after_o the_o deluge_n this_o paternal_a government_n continue_v in_o the_o world_n §_o 2._o society_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o father_n of_o family_n leave_v this_o separate_a way_n of_o live_v and_o join_v in_o a_o mutual_a civil_a society_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o among_o the_o neighbour_a family_n sometime_o quarrel_n use_v to_o arise_v which_o be_v often_o decide_v by_o force_n draw_v along_o with_o they_o very_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o prevent_v which_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n among_o neighbour_n to_o refer_v the_o decision_n of_o such_o matter_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o of_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o considerable_a among_o they_o after_o the_o increase_n of_o mankind_n it_o be_v also_o easy_o to_o be_v observe_v how_o difficult_a it_o will_v prove_v for_o a_o single_a family_n to_o defend_v itself_o against_o the_o joint_a conspiracy_n of_o a_o malicious_a party_n to_o oppose_v which_o the_o neighbour_n live_v so_o near_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o assist_v one_o another_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o society_n mutual_o to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o their_o common_a enemy_n that_o they_o may_v do_v this_o with_o the_o better_a success_n the_o
most_o able_a and_o wealthy_a citizen_n shall_v do_v service_n as_o soldier_n and_o equip_v themselves_o either_o with_o light_a arm_n or_o complete_a armour_n according_a to_o their_o ability_n and_o whereas_o former_o every_o body_n without_o distinction_n be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v the_o public_a in_o the_o war_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n the_o poor_a sort_n afterward_o be_v never_o make_v use_n of_o but_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o though_o riches_n do_v not_o make_v a_o man_n the_o more_o valiant_a yet_o be_v it_o but_o reasonable_a since_o every_o body_n be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v without_o pay_n that_o those_o who_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o maintain_v themselves_o shall_v be_v spare_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v but_o beside_o this_o their_o wealth_n be_v a_o pledge_n of_o their_o fidelity_n for_o he_o that_o have_v nothing_o to_o lose_v but_o his_o life_n carry_v all_o along_o with_o he_o and_o have_v no_o such_o strict_a obligation_n to_o face_n death_n beside_o that_o he_o may_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o desert_v his_o own_o party_n if_o he_o meet_v with_o a_o prospect_n of_o a_o better_a fortune_n among_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o contrary_a a_o wealthy_a man_n fight_v with_o more_o zeal_n for_o the_o public_a interest_n because_o in_o defend_v that_o he_o secure_v his_o own_o and_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o betray_v his_o trust_n for_o if_o he_o desert_n he_o leave_v his_o possession_n behind_o he_o with_o uncertain_a hope_n of_o a_o recompense_n of_o his_o treachery_n from_o the_o enemy_n and_o though_o this_o custom_n grow_v out_o of_o fashion_n under_o the_o emperor_n yet_o in_o lieu_n of_o that_o they_o always_o keep_v part_n of_o their_o arrear_n behind_o to_o assure_v themselves_o of_o their_o fidelity_n and_o these_o be_v never_o pay_v till_o they_o be_v dismiss_v it_o be_v also_o remarkable_a that_o though_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v often_o signal_o beat_v in_o the_o field_n yet_o do_v they_o never_o despair_v or_o accept_v of_o any_o disadvantageous_a condition_n of_o peace_n except_o what_o they_o do_v with_o porsenae_n and_o the_o gaul_n call_v the_o terror_n to_o the_o first_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o give_v hostage_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o make_v any_o ironwork_n except_o what_o be_v requisite_a for_o tilling_n the_o ground_n of_o which_o shameful_a peace_n the_o roman_a historian_n have_v cautious_o avoid_v to_o speak_v in_o their_o write_n and_o the_o gaul_n be_v within_o a_o inch_n of_o have_v put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o very_o be_v of_o rome_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v buy_v off_o with_o money_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o capitol_n reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n by_o famine_n for_o what_o be_v relate_v that_o camillus_n come_v up_o just_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o weigh_v out_o of_o the_o gold_n and_o drive_v the_o gaul_n from_o the_o capitol_n some_o look_n upon_o as_o a_o fabulous_a relation_n upon_o all_o other_o occasion_n they_o have_v always_o bear_v their_o public_a misfortune_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a constancy_n for_o notwithstanding_o that_o hannibal_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n have_v reduce_v they_o to_o the_o last_o extremity_n yet_o be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o peace_n mention_v at_o rome_n and_o when_o their_o general_n by_o claudius_n and_o numantia_n have_v agree_v upon_o shameful_a condition_n with_o the_o enemy_n they_o choose_v rather_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o general_n to_o the_o enemy_n than_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n they_o use_v also_o common_o to_o have_v but_o a_o small_a regard_n and_o rare_o to_o redeem_v such_o as_o be_v make_v prisoner_n among_o they_o to_o teach_v thereby_o the_o roman_a soldier_n to_o expect_v no_o deliverance_n but_o from_o their_o own_o sword_n as_o this_o custom_n do_v oblige_v the_o soldier_n to_o fight_v till_o the_o last_o so_o do_v their_o constancy_n stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n among_o other_o nation_n for_o he_o that_o show_v himself_o once_o fearful_a of_o his_o enemy_n must_v expect_v to_o be_v attack_v by_o he_o as_o often_o as_o opportunity_n present_v itself_o §_o 14._o roman_n it_o be_v also_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o touch_v a_o little_a upon_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n which_o though_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o greek_n yet_o the_o roman_n know_v much_o better_o how_o to_o accommodate_v it_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o state_n it_o be_v therefore_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n a_o constant_a rule_n at_o rome_n not_o to_o begin_v any_o public_a affair_n of_o moment_n without_o good_a indication_n or_o presage_n because_o that_o the_o event_n of_o thing_n be_v common_o suppose_v to_o happen_v according_a to_o the_o approbation_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o think_v themselves_o assure_v of_o the_o good_a will_n of_o god_n undertake_v and_o effect_v thing_n with_o a_o great_a courage_n these_o indication_n be_v common_o take_v from_o bird_n which_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a superstition_n which_o take_v its_o rise_n from_o a_o opinion_n of_o the_o heathen_n that_o the_o god_n have_v their_o place_n of_o residence_n immediate_o above_o the_o region_n of_o the_o air_n do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o creature_n of_o the_o next_o adjoin_v element_n for_o their_o interpreter_n these_o indication_n also_o be_v think_v particular_o useful_a because_o the_o same_o be_v at_o hand_n at_o all_o time_n and_o the_o motion_n and_o chirping_n of_o the_o bird_n may_v be_v various_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o exigency_n of_o the_o time_n and_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o state_n the_o cunning_a augr_n or_o soothsayer_n make_v use_v of_o these_o prediction_n from_o the_o flight_n of_o bird_n to_o inspire_v the_o ignorant_a multitude_n either_o with_o hope_n or_o despair_n valour_n or_o fear_n according_a as_o it_o seem_v most_o suitable_a and_o convenient_a to_o the_o public_a affair_n wherefore_o cato_n the_o elder_a who_o be_v a_o augur_n himself_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o say_v he_o do_v wonder_v how_o one_o augur_n meet_v another_o can_v forbear_v laugh_v because_o their_o science_n be_v build_v upon_o so_o slight_a a_o foundation_n what_o the_o roman_n do_v call_v religion_n be_v chief_o institute_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o state_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v the_o better_o be_v able_a to_o rule_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o conveniency_n and_o exigency_n of_o the_o state_n quite_o in_o another_o manner_n than_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v which_o be_v institute_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o future_a happiness_n of_o mankind_n wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a head_n or_o article_n of_o religion_n among_o the_o roman_n whence_o the_o people_n may_v be_v instruct_v concern_v the_o be_v and_o will_n of_o god_n or_o how_o they_o may_v regulate_v their_o passion_n and_o action_n so_o as_o to_o please_v god_n but_o all_o be_v involve_v in_o outward_a ceremony_n viz._n what_o sort_n of_o sacrifice_n be_v to_o be_v make_v what_o holiday_n and_o public_a game_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v etc._n etc._n for_o the_o rest_n the_o priest_n be_v unconcern_v as_o to_o what_o the_o people_n do_v believe_v or_o not_o believe_v of_o divine_a matter_n or_o whether_o after_o this_o life_n the_o virtuous_a and_o wicked_a be_v to_o expect_v reward_n according_a to_o their_o several_a desert_n or_o whether_o the_o soul_n perish_v together_o with_o the_o body_n for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o heathen_n have_v speak_v very_o dubious_o concern_v these_o matter_n and_o the_o wise_a of_o they_o have_v take_v these_o thing_n for_o invention_n wherewith_o to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o awe_n but_o in_o their_o ceremony_n they_o be_v most_o exact_a perform_v the_o same_o with_o great_a pomp_n and_o outward_a show_n and_o rare_o admit_v of_o the_o least_o alteration_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o same_o all_o this_o be_v institute_v to_o please_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o multitude_n which_o be_v most_o move_v with_o those_o thing_n which_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n and_o strike_v strong_o on_o the_o sense_n wherefore_o their_o temple_n and_o sacrifice_n be_v not_o only_o extraordinary_a magnificent_a but_o the_o priest_n also_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o most_o noble_a family_n which_o serve_v to_o increase_v the_o reverence_n of_o the_o people_n that_o common_o judge_n of_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v about_o they_o yet_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v another_o mystery_n in_o it_o for_o because_o they_o make_v use_v of_o their_o religion_n only_o as_o a_o instrument_n of_o state_n to_o make_v the_o people_n pliable_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o their_o ruler_n it_o be_v by_o all_o mean_v necessary_a that_o such_o priest_n be_v make_v use_n of_o as_o understand_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n and_o do_v
in_o coin_v of_o cruisadoe_n after_o this_o alfonsus_n have_v great_a contest_v with_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n and_o isabel_n there_o be_v a_o promise_n of_o marriage_n make_v betwixt_o he_o and_o johanna_n the_o suppose_a daughter_n of_o henry_n iv._o king_n of_o castille_n but_o as_o it_o be_v report_v beget_v in_o adultery_n but_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o consummate_v she_o be_v alfonsus_n sister_n daughter_n though_o at_o last_o the_o pope_n give_v his_o dispensation_n which_o he_o have_v refuse_v at_o first_o alfonsus_n under_o this_o pretence_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n and_o arm_n of_o castille_n surprise_v several_a city_n assist_v by_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o castille_n who_o side_v with_o he_o lewis_n xi_o also_o king_n of_o france_n send_v he_o some_o auxiliary_n but_o these_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o enable_v he_o to_o undertake_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n wherefore_o ferdinand_n retake_v all_o the_o place_n from_o the_o portuguese_n rout_v they_o also_o near_o toro_n and_o near_o albuhera_n 1476._o so_o that_o alfonsus_n despair_v of_o obtain_v his_o end_n 1479._o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o ferdinand_n wherein_o he_o renounce_v both_o castille_n and_o the_o bride_n johanna_n she_o be_v promise_v in_o marriage_n to_o john_n son_n of_o ferdinand_n who_o be_v then_o a_o child_n but_o she_o perceive_v that_o this_o be_v only_o do_v to_o elude_v she_o 1479._o go_v into_o a_o nunnery_n portugal_n sustain_v considerable_a loss_n in_o this_o war_n and_o alfonsus_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1481_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v out_o of_o grief_n because_o he_o have_v lose_v the_o hope_n of_o his_o bride_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n ii_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n john_n ii_o against_o who_o a_o most_o horrid_a conspiracy_n be_v discover_v for_o which_o ferdinand_n duke_n of_o braganza_n and_o james_n duke_n of_o visco_n lose_v their_o life_n the_o latter_a be_v kill_v by_o the_o king_n be_v own_o hand_n this_o king_n john_n be_v the_o first_o who_o find_v out_o the_o way_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o east_n indies_n indies_n have_v not_o only_o order_v a_o exact_a survey_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o african_a coast_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n but_o also_o send_v some_o by_o land_n into_o the_o east_n indies_n to_o inform_v themselves_o concern_v the_o condition_n of_o those_o country_n he_o build_v also_o the_o castle_n of_o mina_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o guinea_n but_o before_o this_o intend_a voyage_n to_o the_o east_n indies_n can_v be_v begin_v this_o king_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1495_o leave_v no_o heir_n behind_o he_o §_o 5._o emanuel_n john_n ii_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o cousin_n emanuel_n son_n of_o ferdinand_n duke_n of_o visco_n grandchild_n of_o king_n edward_n with_o he_o contend_v for_o the_o succession_n the_o emperor_n maximilian_n who_o mother_n eleonora_n be_v a_o daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n but_o the_o portuguese_n declare_v for_o emanuel_n who_o for_o his_o extraordinary_a qualification_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n be_v extreme_o belove_v by_o they_o he_o the_o better_a to_o establish_v himself_o at_o home_n marry_v isabel_n elder_a daughter_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_n out_o of_o which_o marriage_n a_o young_a prince_n be_v bear_v who_o name_n be_v michael_n who_o if_o he_o have_v live_v will_v have_v be_v heir_n to_o all_o the_o spanish_a kingdom_n portugal_n except_o that_o of_o navarre_n to_o please_v his_o bride_n he_o by_o his_o proclamation_n banish_v all_o the_o jew_n and_o moor_n out_o of_o portugal_n by_o a_o prefix_v time_n under_o penalty_n for_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v stay_v behind_o to_o be_v make_v slave_n for_o ever_o whereupon_o the_o moor_n immediate_o retire_v into_o africa_n but_o from_o the_o jew_n they_o take_v their_o child_n which_o be_v under_o the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o and_o baptize_v they_o against_o their_o will_n and_o as_o for_o the_o old_a one_o they_o be_v so_o plague_v and_o vex_v every_o where_o and_o stop_v or_o hinder_v in_o their_o journey_n that_o most_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o these_o vexation_n and_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o slavery_n be_v baptize_v retain_v nevertheless_o in_o their_o mind_n their_o ancient_a superstition_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n portugal_n arrive_v to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o its_o greatness_n indies_n the_o design_n of_o the_o east-india_n voyage_n round_a africa_n which_o be_v project_v by_o the_o former_a king_n be_v now_o accomplish_v by_o vascus_n de_fw-fr gama_n 1497._o who_o first_o arrive_v at_o calicut_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o portuguese_n begin_v to_o draw_v into_o their_o country_n the_o trade_n of_o spice_n they_o be_v oppose_v especial_o by_o the_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n because_o former_o these_o commodity_n use_v to_o be_v convey_v through_o egypt_n to_o venice_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n from_o which_o both_o these_o country_n draw_v vast_a profit_n wherefore_o the_o venetian_n stir_v up_o the_o sultan_n there_o send_v he_o great_a store_n of_o metal_n to_o make_v cannon_n of_o and_o shipwright_n to_o build_v ship_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o hope_v to_o drive_v the_o portuguese_n out_o of_o the_o indies_n but_o the_o portuguese_n who_o do_v not_o much_o trust_n the_o barbarian_a king_n of_o the_o indies_n begin_v to_o build_v fort_n and_o strong_a hold_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n wherein_o they_o meet_v with_o little_a opposition_n partly_o because_o the_o indian_n be_v terrify_v by_o the_o vastness_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o thunder_n of_o the_o cannon_n of_o the_o european_n partly_o because_o they_o be_v not_o aware_a of_o what_o consequence_n they_o may_v prove_v one_o day_n against_o they_o indies_n the_o duke_n of_o albuquerque_n especial_o do_v mighty_o advance_v the_o power_n of_o the_o portuguese_n in_o the_o indies_n who_o take_v the_o city_n of_o ormuz_n malacca_n cochin_n and_o goa_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o portuguese_n governor_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o thus_o the_o portuguese_n engross_v to_o themselves_o the_o whole_a trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o africa_n and_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o asia_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o most_o commodious_a port_n and_o place_n not_o only_o on_o the_o western_a side_n of_o africa_n in_o mauritania_n guinea_n congo_n angola_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n thomas_n and_o some_o other_o but_o also_o on_o the_o east_n side_n in_o manzambique_n melinde_a mombazo_n zafala_n and_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o japan_n from_o whence_o incredible_a riches_n be_v convey_v into_o portugal_n beside_o all_o this_o do_v pieter_n alvanus_n capralis_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o americus_n vesputius_n discover_v the_o country_n of_o brasile_n in_o america_n america_n whither_o the_o portuguese_n send_v 1500_o several_a colony_n and_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n emanuel_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1521_o portugal_n increase_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o his_o reign_n be_v call_v the_o golden_a age._n iii_o after_o he_o reign_v his_o son_n john_n iii_o under_o who_o reign_n portugal_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o flourish_a condition_n indies_n this_o king_n send_v francis_n xavier_n and_o some_o other_o jesuit_n into_o the_o east_n indies_n who_o be_v to_o settle_v the_o christian_a religion_n among_o the_o barbarian_n the_o jesuit_n common_o boast_v of_o great_a number_n of_o heathen_n convert_v by_o they_o but_o whether_o they_o deserve_v a_o entire_a credit_n in_o this_o or_o whither_o perhaps_o a_o great_a many_o of_o these_o have_v not_o rather_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o name_n than_o the_o faith_n of_o christian_n those_o be_v best_a able_a to_o judge_v who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o those_o place_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1557._o §_o 6._o sebastian_n john_n iii_o have_v for_o his_o successor_n his_o grandson_n sebastian_n a_o child_n of_o three_o year_n of_o age_n who_o tuition_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o cardinal_n henry_n his_o uncle_n because_o his_o grandmother_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o government_n through_o the_o over-forwardness_n of_o this_o young_a prince_n portugal_n receive_v such_o a_o blow_n that_o it_o fall_v from_o the_o pinnacle_n of_o its_o greatness_n for_o some_o of_o his_o court_n favourite_n do_v put_v this_o magnanimous_a and_o ambitious_a prince_n upon_o such_o erterprise_n as_o be_v far_o surpass_v both_o his_o age_n and_o power_n and_o be_v in_o no_o way_n suitable_a to_o the_o present_a juncture_n of_o affair_n so_o that_o his_o whole_a mind_n be_v bend_v upon_o warlike_a exploit_n and_o how_o by_o martial_a exercise_n to_o revive_v the_o ancient_a valour_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o by_o peace_n and_o plenty_n have_v be_v more_o addict_v to_o commerce_n be_v of_o
afterward_o lose_v his_o head_n §_o 21._o mary_n queen_n mary_n cause_v the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o mass_n which_o be_v abolish_v in_o her_o brother_n time_n popery_n as_o also_o the_o pope_n authority_n to_o be_v restore_v in_o england_n she_o use_v the_o protestant_n very_o hardly_o of_o who_o a_o great_a many_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n yet_o be_v she_o not_o able_a to_o restore_v the_o church_n revenue_n for_o fear_v of_o exasperate_a the_o great_a family_n who_o have_v they_o in_o their_o possession_n the_o pope_n do_v also_o send_v cardinal_n poole_n to_o reunite_v the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o holy_a see_v of_o rome_n this_o queen_n mary_n be_v marry_v to_o philip_n son_n of_o charles_n v._n spain_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o spain_n yet_o under_o these_o condition_n that_o she_o shall_v have_v the_o sole_a disposal_n of_o all_o office_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o if_o a_o son_n be_v bear_v he_o shall_v beside_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n inherit_v burgundy_n and_o the_o netherlands_o don_n carlos_n who_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o former_a wife_n shall_v be_v heir_n of_o spain_n and_o all_o the_o italian_a province_n and_o in_o case_n he_o die_v without_o issue_n this_o shall_v also_o inherit_v his_o part_n but_o no_o child_n come_v of_o this_o marriage_n mary_n be_v pretty_a well_o in_o year_n for_o she_o be_v thirty_o year_n before_o propose_v in_o marriage_n and_o there_o be_v some_o who_o be_v dissatisfy_v at_o this_o match_n raise_v tumult_n among_o who_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n father_n of_o jane_n behead_v who_o have_v hitherto_o be_v a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n but_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n guildford_n and_o her_o father_n pay_v with_o their_o head_n for_o it_o it_o be_v within_o a_o ace_n but_o that_o elizabeth_n who_o be_v afterward_o queen_n have_v also_o undergo_v the_o same_o fate_n if_o philip_n and_o the_o spaniard_n have_v not_o intercede_v for_o she_o not_o out_o of_o any_o affection_n to_o her_o person_n elizabeth_n but_o because_o they_o know_v that_o after_o she_o the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v mary_n queen_n of_o scotland_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o dauphin_n of_o france_n they_o fear_v lest_o by_o this_o mean_v england_n and_o scotland_n may_v be_v unite_v with_o france_n among_o other_o article_n in_o the_o marriage_n contract_v of_o queen_n mary_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o engage_v herself_o in_o the_o war_n which_o her_o husband_n philip_n shall_v carry_v on_o against_o france_n notwithstanding_o which_o when_o philip_n afterward_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o france_n she_o send_v to_o his_o assistance_n some_o of_o her_o best_a force_n who_o by_o their_o bravery_n chief_o obtain_v the_o victory_n near_o st._n quintin_n quintin_n for_o which_o reason_n philip_n give_v the_o city_n to_o be_v plunder_v by_o the_o english_a henry_n ii_o king_n of_o france_n take_z hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n lose_v assault_v the_o city_n of_o calais_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o duke_n de_fw-fr guise_n which_o be_v not_o well_o garrison_v he_o take_v in_o a_o few_o day_n and_o oblige_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o quit_v the_o city_n and_o to_o leave_v behind_o they_o all_o their_o gold_n silver_n and_o jewel_n he_o also_o take_v afterward_o the_o two_o castle_n of_o guisnes_n and_o ham_n and_o thereby_o drive_v the_o english_a quite_o out_o of_o france_n not_o long_o after_o this_o loss_n queen_n mary_n die_v 1558._o §_o 22._o elizabeth_n elizabeth_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o sister_n be_v unanimous_o proclaim_v queen_n maintain_v her_o authority_n and_o govern_v with_o great_a prudence_n and_o glory_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o great_a many_o threaten_a danger_n to_o the_o very_a end_n in_o the_o beginning_n philip_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o keep_v england_n on_o his_o side_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o propose_v a_o marriage_n betwixt_o elizabeth_n and_o himself_o marriage_n promise_v to_o obtain_v a_o dispensation_n from_o the_o pope_n which_o be_v nevertheless_o oppose_v by_o the_o french_a in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n elizabeth_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o disoblige_v so_o great_a a_o prince_n who_o have_v well_o deserve_v of_o she_o yet_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o same_o scruple_n which_o have_v cause_v her_o father_n to_o be_v divorce_v from_o catharine_n of_o arragon_n by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n do_v remain_v with_o she_o she_o consider_v especial_o that_o the_o say_a divorce_n must_v needs_o be_v esteem_v unjust_a if_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n be_v allow_v of_o since_o it_o have_v be_v allege_v as_o a_o fundamental_a reason_n of_o the_o say_a divorce_n that_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o power_n to_o dispense_v in_o any_o case_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o god_n law_n she_o resolve_v therefore_o not_o to_o have_v any_o further_a concern_v with_o the_o pope_n and_o to_o give_v a_o friendly_a refusal_n to_o philip._n then_o she_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n constitute_v the_o protestant_a episcopacy_n yet_o not_o at_o once_o but_o by_o degree_n take_v away_o from_o the_o papist_n the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o under_o several_a penalty_n and_o fine_n oblige_v every_o one_o to_o frequent_v the_o protestant_a church_n on_o sunday_n every_o body_n also_o be_v oblige_v by_o a_o solemn_a oath_n to_o acknowledge_v she_o the_o supreme_a governor_n in_o england_n even_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n which_o oath_n be_v among_o 9400_o who_o be_v possess_v of_o church_n benefice_n take_v by_o all_o except_o 189_o who_o refuse_v the_o same_o among_o who_o be_v fourteen_o bishop_n she_o keep_v steadfast_a to_o the_o establish_a episcopal_a church_n government_n though_o she_o meet_v with_o great_a opposition_n from_o two_o sort_n of_o people_n viz._n paritaus_n the_o papist_n and_o puritan_n these_o have_v conceive_v a_o great_a hatred_n against_o episcopacy_n and_o all_o other_o ceremony_n which_o have_v the_o least_o resemblance_n of_o popery_n be_v for_o have_v every_o thing_n regulate_v according_a to_o the_o way_n of_o geneva_n though_o their_o number_n increase_v daily_o yet_o the_o queen_n keep_v they_o pretty_a well_o under_o but_o the_o papist_n make_v several_a attempt_n against_o her_o life_n and_o crown_n for_o her_o envious_a enemy_n do_v erect_v several_a seminary_n or_o school_n for_o the_o english_a nation_n in_o foreign_a country_n seminary_n viz._n at_o dovay_n at_o rheims_n at_o rome_n and_o valedolid_n all_o which_o be_v erect_v for_o the_o instruct_v of_o the_o english_a youth_n in_o these_o principle_n viz._n that_o the_o pope_n have_v the_o supreme_a power_n over_o king_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o a_o king_n be_v declare_v a_o heretic_n by_o he_o the_o subject_n be_v thereby_o absolve_v from_o their_o allegiance_n due_a to_o he_o and_o that_o it_o be_v meritorious_a work_n to_o murder_v such_o a_o king_n out_o of_o these_o school_n emissary_n and_o priest_n be_v send_v into_o england_n who_o business_n be_v there_o to_o propagate_v the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n but_o more_o especial_o to_o instruct_v the_o people_n in_o the_o abovementioned_a doctrine_n to_o these_o associate_v themselves_o some_o desperado_n who_o after_o pope_n pius_n v._o have_v excommunicate_v the_o queen_n be_v frequent_o conspire_v against_o her_o life_n but_o most_o of_o they_o get_v no_o other_o advantage_n by_o it_o than_o to_o make_v work_n for_o the_o hangman_n and_o occasion_v that_o the_o papist_n be_v strict_a keep_v than_o before_o scotland_n marry_o also_o queen_n of_o scotland_n raise_v abundance_n of_o trouble_n against_o queen_n elizabeth_n she_o be_v the_o next_o heiress_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n do_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o guise_n endeavour_v to_o have_v queen_n elizabeth_n declare_v by_o the_o pope_n illegitimate_a which_o the_o spaniard_n underhand_o oppose_v and_o both_o she_o and_o the_o dauphin_n assume_v the_o arm_n of_o england_n which_o undertake_v prove_v afterward_o fatal_a to_o queen_n mary_n for_o elizabeth_n side_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o murray_n natural_a brother_n of_o queen_n mary_n who_o main_a endeavour_n be_v to_o chase_v the_o french_a out_o of_o scotland_n and_o to_o establish_v there_o the_o protestant_a religion_n both_o which_o he_o effect_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n this_o queen_n mary_n be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o francis_n ii_o return_v into_o scotland_n be_v marry_v to_o her_o kinsman_n henry_n darley_n one_o of_o the_o handsome_a man_n in_o england_n by_o who_o she_o have_v james_n vi._n but_o her_o love_n to_o he_o grow_v quick_o cold_a for_o a_o certain_a italian_a musician_n who_o name_n be_v david_n ritz_n be_v so_o much_o in_o favour_n with_o the_o queen_n that_o a_o great_a many_o persuade_v henry_n that_o she_o keep_v unlawful_a company_n with_o he_o he_o be_v thus_o
may_v not_o be_v devour_v by_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o prevent_v with_o all_o his_o may_v this_o be_v certain_a that_o his_o preparation_n be_v great_a than_o seem_v to_o be_v requisite_a only_o for_o the_o business_n of_o juliers_n for_o he_o and_o his_o ally_n have_v get_v 120000_o man_n together_o and_o prodigious_a sum_n of_o money_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n do_v not_o make_v the_o least_o preparation_n just_a as_o if_o it_o have_v fore-known_a the_o fatal_a blow_n which_o happen_v soon_o after_o the_o army_n be_v march_v towards_o the_o netherlands_o and_o the_o king_n ready_a to_o follow_v in_o a_o few_o day_n have_v cause_v the_o queen_n to_o be_v crown_v and_o constitute_v her_o regent_n during_o his_o absence_n when_o the_o king_n go_v along_o the_o street_n in_o paris_n in_o his_o coach_n which_o be_v fain_o to_o stop_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a crowd_n of_o the_o people_n ravillac_n be_v by_o a_o desperate_a ruffian_n who_o name_n be_v francis_n ravillac_n stab_v with_o a_o knife_n in_o his_o belly_n so_o that_o he_o without_o utter_v one_o word_n die_v immediate_o 1610._o there_o be_v some_o who_o make_v no-question_n of_o it_o but_o that_o this_o villain_n be_v set_v on_o to_o commit_v this_o fact_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o do_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o queen_n herself_o and_o so_o fall_v this_o great_a hero_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o profligate_n wretch_n after_o he_o have_v surmount_v great_a difficulty_n in_o ascend_v the_o throne_n and_o have_v avoid_v above_o fifty_o several_a conspiracy_n which_o be_v most_o contrive_v by_o the_o priest_n against_o his_o life_n be_v all_o timely_a discover_v his_o death_n prove_v very_o pernicious_a to_o the_o kingdom_n because_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o his_o son_n the_o power_n of_o the_o great_a man_n and_o also_o of_o the_o huguenot_n do_v extreme_o increase_v §_o 23._o his_o son_n lewis_n xiii_o succeed_v he_o xiii_o be_v scarce_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n and_o under_o the_o tuition_n of_o his_o mother_n mary_n de_fw-fr medicis_n she_o endeavour_v to_o preserve_v peace_n abroad_o by_o alliance_n and_o at_o home_n by_o clemency_n and_o liberality_n towards_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o nevertheless_o several_a time_n raise_v disturbance_n whereby_o they_o make_v their_o own_o advantage_n the_o queen-regent_n be_v not_o powerful_a enough_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n by_o force_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n have_v take_v upon_o himself_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n 1617._o he_o cause_v concini_n marshal_n d'_fw-fr ancre_fw-fr who_o be_v bear_v a_o florentine_a to_o be_v kill_v he_o have_v be_v in_o great_a power_n during_o the_o queen_n regency_n and_o by_o his_o pride_n riches_n and_o power_n draw_v upon_o himself_o the_o hatred_n of_o the_o subject_n by_o his_o death_n he_o hope_v to_o appease_v the_o dissatisfied_a multitude_n the_o queen-mother_n be_v send_v away_o from_o court_n to_o blois_n from_o whence_o she_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o duke_n d'_fw-fr espernon_n and_o these_o commotion_n be_v at_o last_o appease_v by_o bestow_v liberal_a present_n among_o the_o great_a men._n 1619._o about_o the_o same_o time_n richlieu_n play_n afterward_o make_v a_o cardinal_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o great_a esteem_n in_o court_n who_o advise_v the_o king_n to_o establish_v his_o authority_n and_o to_o take_v up_o by_o the_o root_n the_o intestine_a evil_n of_o france_n he_o lay_v this_o down_o as_o a_o fundamental_a principle_n that_o he_o shall_v take_v from_o the_o huguenot_n the_o power_n of_o do_v he_o any_o mischief_n consider_v that_o such_o as_o be_v dissatisfy_v at_o any_o time_n or_o that_o be_v of_o a_o turbulent_a spirit_n take_v always_o refuge_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o they_o the_o first_o beginning_n be_v make_v in_o the_o king_n be_v patrimonial_a province_n of_o bearn_n where_o he_o cause_v the_o catholic_n religion_n to_o be_v re-establish_v the_o huguenot_n be_v great_o dissatisfy_v thereat_o begin_v to_o break_v out_o into_o violence_n whence_o the_o king_n take_v a_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v several_a place_n from_o they_o but_o sustain_v a_o considerable_a loss_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o montauban_n till_o at_o last_o peace_n be_v make_v with_o the_o huguenot_n under_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v demolish_v all_o their_o new_a fortification_n except_o those_o of_o montauban_n and_o rochel_n in_o the_o year_n 1625_o cardinal_n richlieu_n be_v make_v chief_a minister_n of_o france_n state_n about_o which_o time_n also_o the_o second_o war_n with_o the_o huguenot_n be_v end_v but_o this_o peace_n do_v not_o last_v long_o because_o those_o of_o rochel_n will_v not_o bear_v that_o the_o fortress_n call_v fort-lewis_n shall_v be_v build_v just_a under_o their_o nose_n richlieu_n therefore_o have_v take_v a_o resolution_n at_o once_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o war_n by_o the_o take_n of_o rochel_n besiege_v it_o so_o close_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n that_o the_o english_a who_o have_v have_v very_o ill_a success_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o rhée_n where_o they_o land_a can_v bring_v no_o succour_n into_o the_o place_n take_v their_o obstinacy_n be_v at_o last_o overcome_v by_o famine_n of_o 18000_o citizen_n there_o have_v be_v not_o above_o 5000_o left_a for_o they_o have_v live_v without_o bread_n for_o thirteen_o week_n with_o this_o stroke_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o huguenot_n be_v break_v montauban_n upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o cardinal_n have_v demolish_v its_o work_n the_o cunning_a duke_n of_o rouen_n also_o at_o last_o make_v his_o peace_n after_o he_o have_v be_v sufficient_o troublesome_a to_o the_o king_n in_o languedoc_n under_o condition_n that_o the_o city_n of_o nismes_n and_o montpelier_n shall_v demolish_v their_o fortification_n but_o for_o the_o rest_n enjoy_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o thus_o the_o ulcer_n which_o have_v settle_v itself_o in_o the_o very_a entrail_n of_o france_n be_v happy_o heal_v up_o war_n it_o be_v relate_v by_o some_o that_o these_o civil_a war_n have_v devour_v above_o a_o million_o of_o people_n that_o 150_o million_o be_v employ_v in_o pay_v of_o the_o soldier_n that_o nine_o city_n 400_o village_n 20000_o church_n 2000_o monastery_n italy_n and_o 100000_o house_n be_v burn_v or_o lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n then_o france_n apply_v all_o their_o care_n towards_o foreign_a affair_n 1628._o the_o king_n assist_v the_o duke_n of_o nevers_n in_o obtain_v the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o by_o right_a of_o succession_n but_o who_o the_o spaniard_n endeavour_v to_o exclude_v from_o the_o same_o as_o be_v a_o frenchman_n in_o this_o war_n the_o siege_n of_o casal_n be_v most_o famous_a in_o the_o defence_n of_o which_o place_n the_o french_a give_v incredible_a proof_n of_o their_o bravery_n at_o last_o the_o business_n be_v greatness_n through_o the_o wise_a management_n of_o the_o popish_a nuncio_n mazarini_n who_o then_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o his_o future_a greatness_n in_o france_n compose_v and_o the_o duke_n of_o nevers_n afterward_o by_o the_o treaty_n make_v at_o chierasco_n establish_v in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n and_o montferrat_n the_o king_n also_o buy_v pignerol_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n french_a that_o so_o the_o french_a may_v not_o want_v a_o door_n into_o italy_n france_n have_v also_o before_o take_v part_n with_o the_o grison_n against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o valteline_n who_o have_v revolt_v be_v assist_v by_o the_o spaniard_n whereby_o he_o prevent_v this_o country_n from_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o so_o matter_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o former_a state_n in_o the_o year_n 1631_o france_n make_v a_o alliance_n with_o sweden_n allow_v to_o that_o king_n a_o yearly_a pension_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o oppose_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n but_o when_o king_n gustavus_n adolphus_n begin_v to_o be_v formidable_a on_o the_o rhine_n he_o take_v the_o elector_n of_o treves_n into_o his_o protection_n put_v a_o garrison_n into_o hermanstein_n which_o nevertheless_o in_o the_o year_n 1636_o trouble_n be_v force_v to_o a_o surrender_n by_o famine_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o queen-mother_n and_o the_o king_n brother_n the_o duke_n of_o orleans_n envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o richelieu_n have_v raise_v some_o tumult_n with_o they_o also_o side_v montmorency_n who_o pay_v for_o it_o with_o his_o head_n and_o put_v a_o inglorious_a end_n to_o his_o noble_a family_n which_o boast_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o noble_a family_n that_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o france_n and_o though_o this_o business_n be_v afterward_o compose_v the_o queen_n mother_n be_v receive_v into_o favour_n again_o yet_o be_v she_o so_o
interest_n of_o the_o empire_n will_v have_v be_v his_o rule_n and_o it_o will_v have_v be_v his_o business_n not_o to_o side_n with_o either_o of_o these_o two_o potent_a and_o courageous_a nation_n of_o the_o french_a and_o spaniard_n but_o to_o have_v look_v upon_o they_o like_o a_o arbitrator_n and_o whilst_o they_o have_v be_v fight_v together_o to_o have_v according_a to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o affair_n sometime_o balance_v one_o sometime_o another_o so_o that_o one_o may_v not_o become_v master_n of_o the_o other_o and_o thereby_o gain_v such_o advantage_n as_o may_v prove_v prejudicial_a to_o germany_n for_o it_o be_v a_o far_o different_a case_n whether_o i_o come_v in_o betwixt_o two_o party_n as_o a_o mediator_n or_o whether_o i_o be_o engage_v to_o one_o certain_a party_n for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n i_o can_v engage_v myself_o as_o deep_a as_o i_o think_v fit_a and_o at_o least_o take_v care_n to_o come_v off_o harmless_a but_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n i_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o loser_n let_v thing_n go_v how_o they_o will_v and_o at_o last_o another_o shall_v reap_v the_o fruit_n of_o my_o labour_n and_o to_o give_v a_o specious_a colour_n to_o these_o consequence_n burâ—undy_n so_o perjudicial_a to_o germany_n charles_n v._o do_v gain_v this_o point_n at_o the_o diet_n of_o augsburgh_n upon_o the_o estate_n at_o that_o time_n 1548._o when_o have_v bring_v the_o protestant_n very_o low_a no_o body_n dare_v oppose_v it_o that_o they_o shall_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o guarantie_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o burgundy_n whereby_o germany_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v always_o engage_v in_o the_o war_n betwixt_o spain_n and_o france_n and_o with_o its_o treasure_n and_o man_n to_o assist_v the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o netherlands_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o interest_n of_o germany_n to_o see_v these_o country_n fall_v altogether_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o france_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o estate_n in_o germany_n shall_v ruin_v themselves_o for_o their_o sake_n since_o there_o be_v other_o also_o who_o be_v better_a able_a and_o have_v the_o same_o interest_n that_o germany_n have_v to_o preserve_v these_o province_n the_o attempt_n which_o charles_n v._o make_v against_o the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o germany_n be_v a_o true_a spanish_a design_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v here_o the_o notorious_a falsity_n in_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n i_o can_v for_o my_o life_n see_v what_o can_v move_v the_o emperor_n if_o his_o aim_n have_v be_v for_o the_o sole_a interest_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o general_a inclination_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o not_o rather_o to_o take_v hold_n of_o this_o so_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o free_v himself_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o pope_n who_o for_o several_a age_n together_o have_v trample_v upon_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o with_o the_o superfluous_a church-land_n to_o increase_v his_o own_o and_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o at_o least_o to_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o bishop_n to_o marry_v without_o quit_v their_o church_n benefice_n if_o the_o emperor_n will_v have_v give_v a_o help_a hand_n the_o reformation_n will_v have_v be_v as_o easy_o settle_v in_o germany_n as_o it_o be_v in_o sweden_n england_n and_o denmark_n after_o these_o spanish_a state_n maxim_n have_v lie_v a_o while_n dormant_a maxim_n they_o be_v at_o last_o revive_v and_o that_o with_o more_o vigour_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o ferdinand_n ii_o beside_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o misery_n which_o do_v from_o thence_o accrue_v to_o germany_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o estate_n of_o germany_n to_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v for_o foreign_a aid_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n but_o it_o have_v be_v questionless_a more_o advantageous_a to_o germany_n not_o to_o have_v want_v the_o assistance_n of_o foreigner_n who_o be_v not_o forgetful_a to_o make_v their_o own_o advantage_n by_o it_o now_o if_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v some_o remnant_n of_o the_o spanish_a leaven_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v conjecture_v what_o jealousy_n and_o distrust_n must_v be_v betwixt_o the_o member_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o how_o contrary_a and_o different_a their_o counsel_n and_o action_n must_v needs_o be_v and_o though_o perhaps_o by_o settle_v a_o good_a understanding_n betwixt_o the_o supreme_a head_n and_o estate_n a_o medium_n may_v be_v find_v out_o to_o obviate_v this_o and_o some_o other_o inconvenience_n yet_o theâ—e_n reign_v various_a and_o great_a distemper_n among_o the_o estate_n themselves_o which_o seem_v to_o render_v the_o best_a remedy_n and_o counsel_n either_o ineffectual_a or_o at_o least_o very_a difficult_a among_o these_o must_v be_v count_v the_o religious_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o catholic_n and_o the_o protestant_n in_o general_a which_o difference_n do_v not_o only_o depend_v on_o the_o several_a opinion_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n but_o also_o on_o a_o worldly_a interest_n the_o catholic_n endeavour_v upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o recover_v such_o possession_n as_o be_v take_v from_o they_o since_o the_o reformation_n and_o the_o protestant_n be_v resolve_v to_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o they_o wherefore_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o sometime_o the_o roman_a catholic_n have_v be_v more_o guide_v by_o their_o particular_a interest_n and_o by_o their_o clergy_n than_o by_o that_o of_o the_o public_a nay_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o if_o germany_n shall_v be_v vigorous_o attack_v by_o a_o potent_a foreign_a enemy_n that_o some_o of_o the_o popish_a bigot_n will_v not_o be_v so_o backward_o in_o submit_v themselves_o under_o the_o yoke_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o lose_v one_o eye_n provide_v the_o protestant_n may_v lose_v both_o beside_o the_o protestant_n be_v again_o subdivide_v into_o two_o party_n protestant_n there_o be_v among_o they_o some_o difference_n concern_v several_a article_n of_o faith_n which_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v widen_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o both_o party_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o ruin_n the_o great_a number_n of_o estate_n augment_v the_o distemper_n it_o be_v next_o to_o a_o impossibility_n that_o among_o so_o many_o there_o shall_v not_o be_v some_o who_o either_o prompt_v by_o their_o passion_n obstinacy_n or_o for_o want_n of_o understanding_n may_v not_o deviate_v from_o the_o true_a interest_n or_o be_v mislead_v by_o ill_a counselor_n to_o act_v against_o the_o same_o so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o miracle_n to_o see_v so_o many_o head_n not_o well_o unite_v the_o estate_n be_v also_o very_o unequal_a in_o power_n from_o whence_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o some_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a be_v for_o be_v like_o sovereign_n and_o therefore_o be_v incline_v rather_o to_o act_v according_a to_o their_o particular_a interest_n and_o grandeur_n than_o for_o the_o public_a they_o make_v little_a account_n how_o they_o ruin_n the_o less_o powerful_a these_o therefore_o when_o they_o see_v that_o the_o law_n can_v protect_v they_o be_v at_o last_o oblige_v to_o take_v more_o care_n of_o their_o own_o preservation_n than_o of_o the_o public_a liberty_n as_o think_v it_o indifferent_a by_o who_o they_o be_v oppress_v not_o to_o mention_v here_o the_o jealousy_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o three_o college_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o several_a pretension_n and_o difference_n which_o be_v among_o some_o of_o the_o estate_n i_o can_v wish_v that_o i_o can_v find_v out_o as_o easy_a a_o remedy_n against_o these_o and_o some_o other_o the_o like_a disease_n as_o i_o have_v enumerate_v they_o and_o demonstrate_v their_o pernicious_a consequence_n §_o 22_o as_o to_o the_o neighbour_n of_o germany_n 〈…〉_z the_o turk_n border_n upon_o stiria_n croatia_n and_o hungary_n the_o two_o last_o do_v not_o proper_o belong_v to_o germany_n but_o yet_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o be_v like_o a_o bulwark_n to_o it_o so_o that_o germany_n be_v much_o concern_v in_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n have_v great_a revenue_n out_o of_o his_o vast_a territory_n and_o perhaps_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n than_o the_o german_n can_v do_v nevertheless_o he_o be_v not_o so_o formidable_a to_o they_o for_o the_o hungarian_a war_n be_v very_o troublesome_a to_o the_o turk_n turk_n because_o the_o asiatic_a force_n and_o other_o supply_n of_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n be_v not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n carry_v so_o far_o neither_o can_v these_o force_n be_v put_v into_o winter_n quarter_n there_o as_o be_v not_o use_v to_o so_o cold_a a_o climate_n the_o neighbour_a depopulate_v province_n be_v also_o not_o able_a to_o maintain_v they_o the_o turk_n
exercise_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n throughout_o his_o kingdom_n his_o son_n harald_n be_v attack_v by_o the_o emperor_n otto_n i._o from_o who_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o jutland_n and_o holland_n have_v get_v the_o name_n of_o otten_n sound_v because_o the_o emperor_n there_o throw_v in_o his_o lance_n to_o mark_v the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o his_o expedition_n oâ—ttâ—_n his_o son_n sven_v otto_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o year_n 980._o who_o be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o jutin_n be_v redeem_v by_o the_o woman_n who_o give_v their_o gold_n and_o silver_n ornament_n for_o his_o ransom_n in_o recompense_n of_o which_o he_o grant_v they_o this_o privilege_n that_o whereas_o they_o use_v only_o to_o have_v a_o small_a portion_n in_o money_n out_o of_o their_o father_n inheritance_n they_o for_o the_o future_a shall_v have_v a_o equal_a share_n with_o the_o males_n he_o also_o conquer_a a_o part_n of_o england_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1012._o his_o son_n canut_n ii_o or_o cnut_n ii_o surname_v the_o great_a be_v king_n of_o denmaâ—k_n norway_n and_o england_n have_v conquer_a the_o latter_a of_o these_o three_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n though_o england_n do_v not_o remain_v long_o under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o dane_n for_o after_o his_o death_n harald_n and_o only_a hardiknut_n reign_v in_o england_n after_o who_o death_n the_o dane_n be_v again_o chase_v out_o of_o england_n beside_o this_o magnus_n son_n of_o s._n olaus_n king_n of_o norway_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o denmark_n which_o kingdom_n however_o after_o his_o death_n sueno_n ii_o obtain_v but_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fight_v for_o it_o against_o harald_n hardrode_n than_o king_n of_o norway_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1074._o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n harald_n vii_o who_o reign_v but_o two_o year_n and_o canute_n iu._n this_o king_n do_v give_v great_a power_n to_o the_o bishop_n in_o denmark_n and_o grant_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o clergy_n at_o which_o the_o jute_n be_v exasperate_v 1087._o slay_v he_o at_o oden_n sea_n but_o the_o clergy_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o favour_n bestow_v upon_o they_o place_v he_o in_o the_o number_n of_o saint_n and_o his_o memory_n be_v afterward_o celebrate_v with_o full_a cup_n at_o their_o feast_n by_o those_o who_o call_v themselves_o the_o knutgylden_n from_o he_o his_o brother_n olaus_n iv._o succeed_v he_o who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1095._o and_o after_o he_o reign_v his_o brother_n erick_n ii_o who_o take_v jutin_n at_o that_o time_n a_o great_a city_n in_o pomerania_n he_o die_v in_o the_o ille_fw-la of_o cyprus_n in_o his_o pilgrimage_n to_o jerusalem_n §_o 2._o after_o his_o death_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v in_o great_a confusion_n especial_o when_o three_o at_o once_o fight_v for_o the_o crown_n viz._n sueno_n iii_n canute_n vi_o and_o waldemar_n i._o these_o after_o they_o have_v wage_v war_n together_o for_o many_o year_n do_v at_o last_o agree_v to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n into_o three_o part_n but_o canute_n have_v be_v assassinate_v by_o sueno_n and_o sueno_n again_o have_v be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o waldâ—mar_n i._n he_o get_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n into_o his_o possession_n he_o subdue_v the_o rugian_o and_o vandal_n 1157._o who_o have_v hitherto_o prove_v very_o mischievous_a to_o denmark_n he_o also_o destroy_v the_o city_n of_o julin_n 1164._o it_o be_v relate_v that_o he_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzwick_n and_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n absalon_n bishop_n of_o roshild_n first_o begin_v to_o build_v the_o city_n of_o copenhagen_n waldemar_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1182._o vi._n he_o succeed_v his_o son_n canute_n vi_o who_o wage_v great_a war_n against_o the_o vandal_n and_o at_o last_o force_v their_o prince_n to_o be_v his_o vassal_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o the_o vandal_n or_o slave_n he_o take_v from_o adolf_n earl_n of_o holstein_n among_o other_o place_n the_o city_n of_o hamburgh_n which_o however_o twenty_o seven_o year_n after_o do_v shake_v off_o the_o danish_a yoke_n he_o have_v also_o conquer_v esthonia_n and_o livonia_n the_o christian_a faith_n be_v establish_v in_o these_o country_n by_o his_o mean_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1202._o after_o he_o reign_v his_o brother_n waldemar_n ii_o who_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v a_o very_a fortunate_a and_o potent_a prince_n and_o have_v under_o his_o subjection_n beside_o denmark_n the_o country_n of_o esthonia_n livonia_n curland_n prussia_n pomerania_n rugen_n meckâ—enburgh_n holstein_n stormar_n ditmarsen_n and_o wagern_n as_o also_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n and_o lavenburgh_n but_o he_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o again_o by_o the_o follow_a occasion_n henry_n earl_n of_o swerin_n have_v undertake_v a_o journey_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n have_v commit_v during_o his_o absence_n his_o lady_n and_o country_n to_o the_o care_n of_o waldemar_n but_o have_v be_v inform_v after_o his_o return_n that_o the_o king_n have_v live_v in_o adultery_n with_o his_o lady_n he_o to_o revenge_v this_o affront_n take_v he_o prisoner_n by_o stratagem_n and_o after_o he_o have_v keep_v he_o three_o year_n in_o prison_n dismiss_v he_o make_v he_o pay_v for_o his_o ransom_n the_o sum_n of_o 45000_o mark_n of_o fine_a silver_n the_o country_n of_o mecklenburgh_n and_o pomerania_n and_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n and_o duntzwick_n take_v hold_n of_o this_o opportunity_n revolt_v from_o waldemar_n adolf_n earl_n of_o shavenburgh_n take_v from_o he_o holstein_n and_o stormar_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o cross_n take_v esthonia_n and_o livonia_n and_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v these_o country_n he_o be_v vanquish_v in_o a_o battle_n fight_v near_o bornhove_v 1227._o by_o the_o earl_n of_o shavenburgh_n yet_o he_o recover_v reval_n and_o esthonia_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1241._o §_o v._n 13._o his_o son_n erick_n v._o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n though_o he_o have_v also_o give_v some_o part_n of_o it_o to_o his_o other_o son_n viz._n to_o abel_n sleswick_n to_o canute_n bleckingâ—n_n and_o to_o christopher_n laland_n and_o falster_n these_o be_v each_o of_o they_o for_o be_v sovereign_n in_o these_o country_n but_o erick_n pretend_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v his_o vassal_n there_o be_v great_a commotion_n in_o denmark_n till_o erick_n be_v miserable_o murder_v by_o his_o brother_n abel_n abâ—l._n and_o abel_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v two_o year_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o friselander_n and_o ditmarsians_n 1250._o who_o succeed_v his_o brother_n christopher_n i._o aganist_n this_o king_n the_o archbishop_n of_o lunden_n raise_v abundance_n of_o trouble_n 1252._o and_o the_o king_n have_v imprison_v he_o i._o he_o be_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n excommunicate_v and_o with_o he_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o at_o last_o the_o king_n be_v by_o they_o poison_v 1259._o as_o it_o be_v think_v with_o the_o host_n after_o he_o reign_v his_o son_n erick_n vi_o vi._n who_o be_v at_o variance_n with_o the_o bishop_n and_o engage_v in_o war_n against_o sweden_n and_o norway_n at_o last_o he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o a_o battle_n by_o erick_n duke_n of_o holstein_n 1286._o and_o be_v barbarous_o murder_v by_o some_o of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n vii_o he_o leave_v the_o crown_n to_o his_o son_n erick_n vii_o who_o immediate_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v great_a contest_v with_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n who_o have_v give_v protection_n to_o to_o the_o murderer_n of_o his_o father_n he_o also_o have_v some_o other_o difference_n with_o some_o of_o the_o neighbour_a state_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1319._o he_o succeed_v his_o brother_n christopher_n two_o two_o who_o get_v his_o son_n crown_v in_o his_o life_n time_n this_o king_n be_v banish_v the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o subject_n who_o under_o pretence_n of_o be_v oppress_v with_o tax_n elect_v in_o his_o stead_n waldemar_n duke_n of_o sleswick_n their_o king_n but_o they_o grow_v also_o quick_o weary_a of_o he_o and_o recall_v christopher_n who_o afterward_o in_o a_o battle_n fight_v against_o this_o waldemar_n lose_v his_o son_n erick_n under_o 1332._o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n schonen_fw-mi being_z sore_o oppress_v by_o the_o holsteiner_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o it_o surrender_v itself_o to_o magnus_n king_n of_o sweden_n and_o john_n duke_n of_o holstein_n perceive_v that_o he_o can_v not_o maintain_v it_o by_o force_n sell_v all_o his_o right_n and_o title_n to_o it_o for_o 70000_o mark_n fine_a silver_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n denmark_n be_v tear_v into_o so_o many_o piece_n that_o very_o few_o place_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1333._o
own_o name_n which_o he_o make_v his_o place_n of_o residence_n ii_o who_o young_a son_n lechus_n ii_o to_o obtain_v the_o principality_n murder_v his_o elder_a brother_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o fact_n be_v discover_v he_o be_v banish_v the_o country_n after_o he_o rule_v a_o virgin_n who_o name_n be_v venda_n venda_fw-la the_o only_a daughter_n leave_v of_o the_o child_n of_o cracus_n 750._o who_o have_v vanquish_v one_o ritiger_n a_o german_a prince_n that_o pretend_a marriage_n to_o she_o out_o of_o a_o blind_a superstition_n drown_v herself_o in_o the_o river_n of_o weixel_n after_o her_o death_n the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n return_v again_o to_o the_o governor_n or_o vayvod_n which_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o pole_n elect_v again_o for_o their_o prince_n a_o goldsmith_n call_v premislus_n who_o be_v also_o call_v lescus_n i._o i._n because_o he_o have_v by_o a_o stratagem_n defeat_v the_o moravian_o who_o have_v make_v a_o irruption_n into_o poland_n but_o he_o leave_v no_o issue_n behind_o he_o a_o horse_n race_n be_v institute_v with_o condition_n that_o the_o victor_n shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o government_n one_o of_o the_o competitor_n have_v lay_v iron_n hook_n in_o the_o ground_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o other_o horse_n have_v be_v â—amed_v he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o come_v to_o the_o goal_n but_o the_o fraud_n be_v discover_v he_o be_v kill_v upon_o the_o spot_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o a_o certain_a poor_a fellow_n on_o foot_n have_v run_v the_o race_n and_o be_v the_o next_o to_o the_o impostor_n who_o the_o pole_n declare_v their_o prince_n 776._o his_o name_n be_v lescus_n ii_o and_o as_o some_o say_v be_v slay_v in_o the_o war_n against_o charles_n the_o great_a ii_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n lescus_n iii_o 804._o who_o have_v appease_v charles_n the_o great_a iii_o with_o present_n make_v peace_n with_o he_o either_o as_o a_o unequal_a ally_n or_o else_o by_o acknowledge_v himself_o his_o vassal_n i._n he_o leave_v poland_n to_o his_o son_n popiel_n who_o he_o have_v beget_v in_o wedlock_n but_o to_o his_o natural_a son_n he_o give_v the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o pomerania_n mack_n caâ—â—ubia_n with_o some_o other_o ii_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n popiel_n ii_o a_o ill_a man_n who_o upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o his_o lady_n murder_v his_o father_n brother_n it_o be_v report_v that_o out_o of_o their_o dead_a body_n come_v forth_o mouse_n which_o devour_v popiel_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n §_o 3._o 820._o after_o his_o death_n there_o be_v a_o interregnum_fw-la full_a of_o trouble_n till_o the_o pole_n declare_v piastus_n piastus_n a_o country-fellow_n bear_v at_o crusswitz_n their_o prince_n from_o who_o ever_o since_o such_o of_o the_o native_n as_o obtain_v the_o royal_a dignity_n be_v call_v piasti_fw-la his_o posterity_n have_v reign_v for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o poland_n from_o who_o also_o descend_v the_o race_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lignitz_n and_o brieg_n in_o silesia_n which_o be_v but_o late_o extinguish_v it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o be_v 120_o year_n old_a before_o he_o die_v zicmovitus_fw-la his_o son_n zicmovitus_n begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 895._o a_o warlike_a and_o brave_a prince_n who_o succeed_v his_o son_n lescus_n iu._n iu._n a_o good_a and_o peaceable_a prince_n much_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n be_v his_o son_n zicmovistus_n 902._o who_o begin_v to_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n 921._o zicmovistus_n this_o prince_n have_v but_o one_o son_n who_o be_v blind_a be_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o age_n in_o which_o year_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n his_o head_n be_v to_o be_v shave_v and_o he_o to_o receive_v his_o name_n restore_v to_o his_o sight_n which_o be_v then_o take_v for_o a_o omen_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v enlighten_v with_o the_o christian_a faith_n 〈◊〉_d his_o name_n be_v micislaus_n i._o and_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 962._o he_o have_v a_o great_a many_o wife_n and_o no_o child_n occasion_v in_o he_o a_o desire_n to_o turn_v christian_a for_o some_o german_n represent_v to_o he_o that_o if_o he_o leave_v the_o heathenish_a superstition_n he_o will_v certain_o beget_v child_n he_o be_v persuade_v by_o they_o to_o remove_v his_o heathenish_a wife_n which_o he_o do_v and_o marry_v dambrateca_n the_o daughter_n of_o bogislaus_n duke_n of_o bohemia_n before_o he_o marry_v she_o he_o be_v baptize_v himself_o and_o first_o introduce_v the_o christian_a religion_n into_o poland_n 965._o as_o also_o that_o custom_n which_o have_v obtain_v since_o there_o that_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v in_o the_o mass_n the_o man_n half_o draw_v their_o scimitar_n to_o signify_v that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o fight_v for_o the_o christian_a faith_n §_o 4._o 999._o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n boleslaus_n chrobry_n who_o be_v by_o the_o emperor_n otto_n iii_o poland_n dignify_v with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n who_o also_o remit_v unto_o he_o all_o the_o pretension_n which_o the_o former_a emperor_n have_v upon_o poland_n and_o this_o in_o consideration_n for_o the_o kind_a entertainment_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o boleslaus_n in_o his_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o grave_a of_o albart_n bishop_n of_o gnicsen_n which_o be_v then_o very_o famous_a for_o some_o miracle_n be_v visit_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o fulfil_v his_o vow_n which_o he_o have_v make_v during_o a_o precedent_a sickness_n this_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n behave_v himself_o very_o brave_o in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o red_a russian_n the_o bohemian_n saxon_n and_o prussian_n he_o also_o institute_v twelve_o senator_n as_o his_o assistant_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n ii_o but_o his_o son_n miccislaus_n lose_v for_o the_o most_o part_n his_o father_n conquest_n moravia_n have_v among_o the_o rest_n be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o bohemian_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 1025._o and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1034._o leave_v but_o one_o son_n behind_o he_o who_o name_n be_v casimir_n i._n who_o be_v a_o infant_n his_o mother_n rixa_fw-la administer_v the_o government_n for_o a_o while_n but_o the_o pole_n be_v dissatisfy_v with_o she_o she_o flee_v with_o her_o son_n into_o germany_n who_o in_o his_o journey_n in_o france_n assume_v the_o order_n and_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n during_o his_o absence_n there_o be_v great_a disturbance_n in_o poland_n maslaus_n have_v about_o that_o time_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o masuria_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o remain_v independent_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n at_o last_o the_o pole_n prevail_v upon_o casimir_n to_o leave_v his_o monastery_n and_o accept_v the_o crown_n and_o to_o persuade_v the_o pope_n to_o absolve_v he_o from_o his_o vow_n they_o promise_v that_o for_o each_o head_n except_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n they_o will_v contribute_v yearly_o a_o farthing_n towards_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o perpetual_a burn_a lamp_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o rome_n and_o cause_v their_o head_n to_o be_v shave_v above_o their_o ear_n like_o monk_n after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o beat_v maslaus_n and_o the_o prussian_n and_o restore_v the_o kingdom_n to_o its_o former_a tranquillity_n his_o son_n boleslaus_n surname_v the_o hardy_a hardy_a do_v at_o first_o wage_v war_n against_o his_o neighbour_n the_o prussian_n bohemian_n and_o russian_n with_o great_a success_n 1058._o but_o afterward_o give_v himself_o over_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o debauchery_n and_o have_v be_v check_v for_o that_o reason_n by_o stanislaus_n the_o bishop_n of_o cracau_n who_o also_o at_o last_o excommunicate_v he_o he_o cut_v he_o to_o piece_n before_o the_o altar_n then_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o perceive_v himself_o to_o be_v hate_v by_o every_o body_n leave_v the_o kingdom_n and_o at_o last_o murder_v himself_o §_o 5._o 1082._o he_o succeed_v his_o brother_n vladislaus_n who_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o the_o pope_n will_v not_o at_o first_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n he_o meet_v with_o great_a trouble_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o which_o however_o he_o overcome_v at_o last_o iii_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n boleslaus_n iii_o a_o brave_a soldier_n 1103._o who_o obtain_v a_o signal_n victory_n over_o the_o emperor_n henry_n v._o in_o a_o battle_n fight_v in_o the_o dogsfield_n near_o breslau_n there_o be_v never_o a_o prince_n in_o poland_n more_o famous_a for_o military_a achievement_n than_o himself_o it_o be_v relate_v of_o he_o that_o he_o fight_v forty_o five_o battle_n all_o with_o good_a success_n except_o the_o last_o of_o all_o fight_v against_o the_o red_a russian_n which_o be_v lose_v by_o the_o cowardice_n of_o the_o vayvod_n of_o cracovia_n unto_o who_o the_o king_n for_o a_o
direction_n and_o presidentship_n of_o such_o assembly_n council_n whatever_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v debate_v there_o do_v at_o least_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n if_o their_o decree_n shall_v pass_v afterward_o for_o and_o have_v the_o power_n of_o a_o law_n or_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n in_o the_o state_n indeed_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n no_o more_o than_o the_o clergy_n can_v pretend_v to_o a_o right_a of_o introduce_v new_a article_n of_o faith_n or_o of_o explain_v the_o scripture_n according_a to_o their_o own_o pleasure_n nevertheless_o the_o whole_a duty_n of_o a_o christian_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o whole_a scripture_n which_o god_n have_v command_v to_o be_v publish_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n and_o not_o to_o be_v commit_v like_o sibylline_a oracle_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o certain_a priest_n and_o since_o other_o as_o well_o as_o the_o clergy_n have_v the_o opportunity_n to_o comprehend_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n it_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o contrary_a to_o reason_n that_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n shall_v have_v at_o least_o the_o supreme_a direction_n of_o these_o assembly_n where_o matter_n concern_v the_o different_a interpretation_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v to_o be_v debate_v from_o hence_o also_o this_o benefit_n will_v accrue_v to_o the_o public_a that_o thereby_o the_o extravagant_a heat_n and_o immoderate_a passion_n which_o be_v common_o obvious_a in_o these_o dispute_n may_v be_v moderate_v matter_n may_v be_v debate_v with_o prudence_n and_o not_o stretch_v too_o high_a out_o of_o a_o fondness_n of_o contradict_v nor_o that_o any_o one_o by_o malicious_a interpretation_n of_o his_o word_n and_o opinion_n may_v fall_v under_o slander_n and_o censure_n or_o the_o excommunication_n be_v thunder_v out_o without_o necessity_n against_o the_o innocent_a and_o because_o the_o first_o christian_n emperor_n do_v either_o neglect_v this_o their_o right_n or_o have_v no_o opportunity_n of_o exercise_v it_o this_o occasion_v great_a confusion_n in_o some_o council_n councilâ—_n from_o hence_o also_o the_o pope_n take_v a_o opportunity_n after_o he_o have_v set_v himself_o above_o the_o western_a bishop_n and_o council_n themselves_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o a_o authority_n to_o decide_v controversy_n even_o concern_v article_n of_o faith_n to_o introduce_v such_o canon_n or_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o the_o church_n as_o he_o think_v most_o proper_a for_o his_o interest_n and_o state_n and_o by_o pretend_v to_o the_o high_a jurisdiction_n to_o exempt_v the_o church_n from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n for_o when_o once_o this_o opinion_n be_v establish_v that_o all_o these_o matter_n do_v belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o clergy_n only_o without_o have_v any_o respect_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n the_o pope_n do_v pretend_v to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o same_o right_n by_o which_o he_o have_v set_v himself_o above_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o whole_a church_n §_o jurisdiction_n 12._o beside_o this_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o ancient_a christian_n that_o they_o very_o seldom_o plead_v their_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o admonition_n of_o s._n paul_n before_o the_o pagan_a judge_n but_o in_o case_n of_o difference_n among_o themselves_o they_o use_v to_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o bishop_n that_o by_o their_o contest_v they_o may_v not_o give_v any_o occasion_n of_o scandal_n to_o the_o heathen_n since_o it_o may_v seem_v unbecoming_a that_o those_o who_o make_v profession_n of_o despise_v worldly_a riches_n shall_v quarrel_v among_o themselves_o about_o the_o same_o this_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v very_o useful_a and_o praiseworthy_a at_o that_o time_n so_o because_o it_o be_v not_o abrogate_a but_o rather_o confirm_v afterward_o by_o the_o christian_a emperor_n though_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v then_o govern_v by_o christian_a judge_n the_o bishop_n afterward_o pretend_v to_o a_o formal_a jurisdiction_n which_o do_v not_o only_o derogate_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o temporal_a judge_n but_o also_o the_o bishop_n be_v thereby_o divert_v from_o perform_v such_o duty_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o their_o office_n there_o be_v also_o another_o custom_n among_o the_o first_o christian_n that_o if_o a_o scruple_n arise_v concern_v nearness_n of_o blood_n in_o marriage_n marriage_n they_o use_v to_o take_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o priest_n in_o this_o case_n and_o if_o any_o difference_n do_v arise_v betwixt_o marry_a people_n it_o use_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o the_o priest_n who_o at_o the_o time_n also_o when_o the_o nuptial_n be_v celebrate_v use_v to_o give_v they_o their_o benediction_n and_o pray_v with_o they_o this_o if_o in_o itself_o consider_v very_o good_a beginning_n furnish_v a_o occasion_n of_o great_a abuse_n afterward_o the_o pope_n have_v from_o hence_o take_v a_o pretext_n to_o subject_v all_o matrimonial_a affair_n concern_v divorce_n nullity_n of_o marriage_n succession_n inheritance_n and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o great_a consequence_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n who_o to_o render_v his_o pretension_n the_o more_o plausible_a do_v make_v marriage_n a_o sacrament_n beside_o this_o excommunication_n the_o first_o christian_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o recommend_v their_o religion_n to_o the_o heathen_n by_o a_o holy_a and_o innocent_a life_n especial_o since_o some_o sort_n of_o vice_n be_v not_o punishable_a according_a to_o the_o pagan_a law_n wherefore_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n if_o any_o one_o have_v give_v a_o public_a scandal_n by_o his_o vicious_a life_n a_o certain_a church_n penance_n be_v lay_v upon_o he_o which_o at_o the_o utmost_a do_v amount_v to_o this_o that_o he_o be_v exclude_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o christian_n which_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a so_o it_o may_v be_v of_o good_a use_n in_o a_o christian_a state_n provide_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n have_v the_o supreme_a direction_n and_o take_v care_n that_o such_o a_o censure_n be_v not_o abuse_v out_o of_o obstinacy_n or_o private_a end_n and_o passion_n especial_o since_o these_o censure_n have_v have_v such_o a_o influence_n upon_o civil_a society_n that_o in_o the_o eight_o age_n no_o body_n will_v converse_v with_o any_o one_o that_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o this_o power_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o absolute_a disposal_n of_o any_o one_o except_o to_o the_o sovereign_n if_o you_o will_v not_o divide_v the_o sovereignty_n but_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o pope_n have_v afterward_o abuse_v this_o censure_n and_o extend_v it_o even_o to_o the_o excommunication_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o whole_a commonwealth_n and_o by_o forbid_v the_o public_a exercise_n of_o divine_a service_n absolve_v the_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o bestow_v their_o kingdom_n upon_o other_o have_v force_v they_o to_o a_o compliance_n against_o their_o own_o interest_n be_v sufficient_o know_v out_o of_o history_n yet_o in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n these_o abuse_n do_v not_o grow_v up_o to_o the_o same_o height_n for_o the_o emperor_n at_o constantinople_n do_v at_o least_o so_o far_o maintain_v their_o authority_n against_o the_o clergy_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o pretend_v to_o domineer_v over_o they_o beside_o that_o the_o eastern_a bishop_n want_v a_o opportunity_n to_o set_v themselves_o one_o above_o the_o other_o because_o the_o bishop_n at_o constantinople_n have_v no_o other_o prerogative_n allow_v he_o but_o precedency_n of_o rank_n above_o the_o other_o without_o his_o diocese_n but_o not_o any_o jurisdiction_n §_o pope_n 14._o but_o in_o the_o western_a part_n the_o church_n afterward_o take_v quite_o another_o face_n since_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v project_v a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o a_o monarchy_n which_o by_o degree_n he_o bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o have_v not_o have_v its_o parallel_n ever_o since_o the_o memory_n of_o mankind_n it_o be_v found_v upon_o quite_o other_o principle_n and_o uphold_v by_o very_o different_a mean_n from_o other_o state_n the_o more_o influence_n this_o monarchy_n have_v have_v for_o several_a hundred_o year_n together_o upon_o the_o state_n and_o affair_n of_o europe_n and_o have_v be_v maintain_v with_o great_a zeal_n by_o one_o and_o oppose_v by_o the_o other_o party_n the_o more_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o while_n to_o dive_v into_o the_o first_o origin_n and_o constitution_n of_o it_o and_o to_o allege_v some_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o last_o age_n this_o monarchy_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o totter_a condition_n but_o have_v recollect_v its_o vigour_n in_o we_o from_o whence_o a_o wise_a man_n also_o may_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v what_o success_n may_v be_v hope_v for_o from_o the_o project_n of_o those_o who_o be_v for_o reconcile_a the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o protestant_n and_o papist_n wherefore_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o towards_o the_o increase_n of_o this_o monarchy_n so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n
have_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v though_o afar_o off_o the_o barbarity_n and_o ignorance_n it_o which_o after_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v spread_v itself_o over_o the_o western_a part_n for_o bad_a ware_n be_v best_a vent_v in_o the_o dark_a or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o dim_a light_n and_o a_o ignorant_a person_n be_v soon_o prevail_v upon_o to_o believe_v ridiculous_a story_n than_o a_o wise_a man_n verse_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o science_n there_o be_v several_a cause_n ignorance_n which_o promote_v this_o barbarity_n which_o do_v degenerate_a afterward_o into_o the_o worst_a sort_n of_o pedantry_n whereas_o the_o former_a age_n have_v be_v sufficient_o instruct_v with_o learned_a men._n one_o of_o the_o principal_a one_o be_v the_o invasion_n make_v upon_o the_o western_a province_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o those_o nation_n who_o tho_o sufficient_o brave_a be_v ignorant_a of_o learning_n which_o occasion_v for_o one_o or_o two_o age_n after_o great_a change_n in_o the_o government_n bloody_a war_n horrible_a disorder_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o learn_v be_v the_o product_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n it_o be_v little_o regard_v in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o during_o the_o distraction_n of_o a_o state_n since_o then_o there_o be_v but_o little_a leisure_n time_n give_v for_o the_o use_n of_o book_n the_o school_n be_v common_o destroy_v and_o the_o teacher_n oblige_v to_o make_v shift_n where_o best_o they_o can_v a_o musket_n be_v at_o such_o time_n of_o more_o use_n than_o a_o school_n satchel_n the_o schoolmaster_n especial_o be_v force_v to_o shut_v up_o shop_n at_o such_o time_n if_o the_o victorious_a enemy_n be_v ignorant_a of_o learning_n and_o make_v no_o account_n of_o book_n there_o be_v also_o some_o who_o affirm_v that_o the_o clergy_n be_v accessary_a to_o this_o barbarism_n for_o because_o the_o philosopher_n have_v under_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n prove_v very_o mischievous_a to_o they_o and_o afterward_o under_o the_o christian_a emperor_n continue_v to_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o clergyman_n especial_o these_o have_v conceive_v such_o a_o hatred_n against_o philosophy_n and_o against_o all_o such_o as_o profess_v it_o that_o they_o not_o only_o infuse_v the_o same_o into_o their_o auditor_n but_o also_o remove_v out_o of_o the_o school_n and_o take_v from_o the_o young_a student_n who_o be_v commit_v to_o their_o care_n the_o pagan_a author_n under_o pretence_n that_o they_o may_v otherwise_o be_v again_o infect_v with_o the_o erroneous_a principle_n of_o the_o pagan_n and_o that_o it_o can_v not_o but_o be_v sinful_a for_o christian_n to_o read_v such_o book_n as_o be_v fill_v every_o where_o with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pagan-idol_n which_o they_o will_v not_o have_v as_o much_o as_o name_v by_o christian_n they_o relate_v a_o story_n concern_v s._n hierom_n how_o that_o he_o be_v whip_v in_o a_o vision_n with_o rod_n dream_n because_o he_o use_v frequent_o to_o read_v the_o work_n of_o cicero_n and_o about_o the_o year_n 400._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o council_n of_o carthage_n forbid_v the_o bishop_n the_o read_n of_o pagan_a author_n and_o learn_v be_v in_o those_o miserable_a time_n become_v almost_o useless_a except_o to_o those_o who_o intend_v to_o profess_v divinity_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o learning_n be_v lodge_v therefore_o among_o the_o clergy_n the_o main_a institution_n in_o the_o school_n be_v only_o direct_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o young_a disciple_n be_v not_o very_o forward_o to_o dive_v much_o into_o the_o secret_n of_o ancient_a learning_n and_o that_o ignorance_n and_o barbarism_n have_v great_o promote_v the_o establishment_n of_o popery_n be_v evident_a enough_o to_o those_o who_o will_v consider_v that_o in_o a_o learned_a age_n those_o decretal_n which_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o first_o pope_n can_v never_o have_v pass_v muster_n which_o nevertheless_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o persuade_v the_o people_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v exercise_v a_o authority_n from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o christianity_n to_o prescribe_v law_n ot_fw-mi the_o christian_a world_n but_o when_o afterward_o the_o time_n prove_v more_o favourable_a in_o europe_n school_n and_o the_o pope_n perceive_v that_o some_o among_o the_o most_o considerable_a nation_n of_o europe_n can_v not_o be_v long_o keep_v in_o a_o gross_a ignorance_n they_o introduce_v into_o the_o school_n over_o which_o they_o have_v assume_v the_o supreme_a direction_n the_o most_o miserable_a sort_n of_o pedantry_n which_o be_v also_o maintain_v by_o their_o creature_n with_o great_a earnestness_n in_o their_o school_n to_o this_o very_a day_n but_o above_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o policy_n have_v have_v a_o main_a stroke_n in_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o popery_n for_o want_v of_o which_o they_o be_v not_o then_o due_o instruct_v concern_v the_o foundation_n nature_n and_o perfection_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n and_o that_o no_o state_n can_v be_v esteem_v well_o establish_v where_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n be_v either_o divide_v or_o diminish_v monarchy_n and_o the_o grecian_a and_o roman_a politician_n themselves_o have_v divulge_v most_o pernicious_a doctrine_n concern_v the_o division_n and_o mixture_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n whereby_o they_o have_v enamour_v the_o people_n with_o a_o aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a sort_n of_o government_n but_o infuse_v into_o they_o such_o a_o hatred_n against_o monarchy_n that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a maxim_n among_o they_o that_o the_o more_o they_o can_v encroach_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o more_o it_o must_v turn_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o state_n in_o this_o pernicious_a opinion_n a_o great_a many_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o tyrannical_a proceed_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o be_v mortal_o hate_v by_o most_o of_o their_o subject_n it_o be_v therefore_o no_o great_a wonder_n that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o general_a ignorance_n the_o knowledge_n of_o true_a policy_n be_v not_o teach_v among_o the_o christian_a clergy_n since_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v repugnant_a to_o their_o profession_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o by_o degree_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a sovereignty_n be_v lay_v few_o do_v thorough_o understand_v of_o what_o consequence_n this_o undertake_n be_v and_o how_o prejudicial_a it_o will_v prove_v to_o the_o supreme_a civil_a power_n when_o ever_o it_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o we_o see_v even_o to_o this_o day_n that_o in_o those_o school_n which_o be_v under_o the_o care_n of_o the_o popish_a clergy_n the_o principle_n of_o true_a policy_n be_v either_o neglect_v or_o at_o least_o so_o disfigure_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v hurtful_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n but_o rather_o serve_v to_o support_v it_o §_o monarchy_n 15._o but_o the_o chief_a reason_n why_o rome_n be_v choose_v for_o the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o this_o city_n have_v a_o particular_a prerogative_n of_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n where_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o first_o have_v its_o râ—se_n and_o increase_v for_o what_o be_v relate_v concern_v s._n peter_n chair_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o vain_a pretence_n which_o may_v be_v easy_o see_v from_o thence_o that_o afterward_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n have_v the_o next_o place_n assign_v he_o after_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n only_o because_o that_o city_n be_v then_o the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o new_a rome_n and_o when_o afterward_o the_o western_a roman_a empire_n be_v come_v to_o decay_v and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n have_v lose_v its_o former_a lustre_n the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n dispute_v the_o precedency_n with_o the_o roman_a bishop_n after_o the_o persecution_n which_o the_o christian_n have_v endure_v under_o the_o pagan_a emperor_n be_v cease_v and_o they_o afterward_o enjoy_v their_o full_a liberty_n the_o clergy_n begin_v under_o pretence_n of_o introduce_v a_o wholesome_a order_n in_o the_o church_n to_o establish_v a_o particular_a sort_n of_o government_n or_o hierarchy_n the_o bishop_n have_v then_o begin_v to_o claim_v a_o great_a prerogative_n above_o the_o priest_n the_o bishop_n also_o be_v make_v subordinate_a to_o one_o another_o so_o that_o common_o the_o inspection_n over_o the_o bishop_n in_o a_o certain_a province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n metropolitan_n who_o be_v then_o call_v metropolitan_n do_v afterward_o viz._n about_o the_o eight_o century_n most_o of_o they_o assume_v the_o name_n of_o archbishop_n four_o of_o they_o be_v most_o eminent_a above_o
they_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n who_o he_o install_v before_o they_o have_v take_v holy_a order_n iu._n and_o when_o the_o emperor_n resolve_v to_o maintain_v his_o ancient_a right_n and_o title_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o stir_v up_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o estate_n of_o germany_n against_o he_o who_o make_v he_o so_o much_o work_v that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o resign_v his_o right_n of_o constitute_v of_o bishop_n the_o pope_n under_o this_o pretext_n do_v not_o only_o intend_v to_o exempt_v the_o bishop_n from_o the_o emperor_n jurisdiction_n but_o the_o main_a point_n be_v to_o make_v himself_o sovereign_a over_o italy_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o other_o prince_n submit_v to_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o design_n may_v have_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n consider_v that_o europe_n be_v at_o that_o time_n divide_v into_o so_o many_o principality_n and_o most_o of_o these_o prince_n be_v not_o very_o potent_a may_v either_o out_o of_o a_o devotion_n or_o to_o avoid_v fall_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o more_o potent_a prince_n submit_v themselves_o under_o the_o pope_n protection_n and_o pay_v he_o tribute_n it_o be_v therefore_o not_o improbable_a that_o if_o three_o or_o four_o pope_n have_v succeed_v one_o another_o instruct_v with_o sufficient_a capacity_n to_o cover_v their_o design_n with_o the_o cloak_n of_o holiness_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n to_o uphold_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n against_o the_o oppression_n of_o their_o prince_n the_o pope_n may_v have_v make_v themselves_o absolute_a sovereign_n both_o in_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a affair_n neither_o do_v the_o pope_n only_o pretend_v to_o free_v himself_o from_o the_o emperor_n jurisdiction_n over_o he_o emperor_n but_o also_o endeavour_v to_o make_v he_o his_o subject_n for_o he_o pretend_v to_o be_v his_o judge_n he_o summon_v he_o before_o he_o to_o make_v answer_n to_o the_o complaint_n of_o his_o subject_n excommunicate_v he_o and_o declare_v he_o to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o right_n and_o title_n to_o the_o empire_n and_o though_o his_o son_n the_o emperor_n henry_n v._o do_v endeavour_v to_o recover_v what_o be_v forcible_o take_v away_o from_o his_o father_n and_o make_v pope_n paschal_n a_o prisoner_n who_o he_o force_v to_o restore_v to_o he_o the_o right_a of_o constitute_v of_o bishop_n yet_o be_v the_o whole_a clergy_n in_o europe_n so_o dissatisfy_v hereat_o and_o raise_v such_o commotion_n 1122._o that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o resign_v the_o same_o again_o into_o the_o pope_n hand_n much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v great_a dispute_n concern_v this_o point_n in_o england_n bishop_n which_o be_v compose_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o the_o power_n of_o invest_n of_o bishop_n but_o that_o these_o shall_v do_v homage_n to_o he_o 1107._o the_o last_o of_o which_o the_o pope_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o grant_v who_o will_v fain_o have_v have_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v quite_o independent_a of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o he_o express_o forbid_v the_o bishop_n in_o france_n to_o follow_v this_o example_n but_o king_n lewis_n vi_o and_o his_o successor_n do_v maintain_v their_o right_n with_o so_o high_a a_o hand_n that_o the_o pope_n be_v never_o able_a to_o establish_v their_o pretend_a right_n in_o france_n neither_o do_v the_o pope_n think_v it_o advisable_v to_o fall_v out_o at_o once_o with_o the_o emperor_n and_o france_n but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v more_o secure_a to_o have_v one_o at_o hand_n to_o uphold_v they_o against_o the_o other_o especial_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o weaken_v of_o france_n because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o near_o concern_v with_o that_o kingdom_n as_o for_o humble_v the_o emperor_n that_o be_v potent_a in_o italy_n and_o pretend_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n neither_o be_v germany_n so_o entire_o unite_v as_o france_n and_o most_o prince_n of_o europe_n be_v then_o very_o jealous_a of_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o join_v with_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o emperor_n under_o pretence_n of_o uphold_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n and_o papal_a chair_n it_o be_v true_a the_o two_o emperor_n frederick_n i._n and_o ii_o do_v afterward_o endeavour_v to_o restore_v the_o ancient_a imperial_a right_n but_o be_v not_o able_a to_o attain_v their_o aim_n especial_o since_o italy_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o two_o faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n and_o gibelline_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v for_o the_o pope_n the_o latter_a for_o the_o emperor_n which_o cause_v such_o a_o confusion_n in_o italy_n that_o the_o emperor_n can_v never_o afterward_o reduce_v italy_n to_o a_o entire_a obedience_n and_o because_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n ii_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v during_o that_o long_a vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n put_v into_o great_a confusion_n and_o disorder_n the_o succeed_a emperor_n find_v so_o much_o work_v in_o germany_n that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o look_v after_o italy_n whereby_o the_o pope_n have_v sufficient_a leisure_n give_v he_o to_o make_v himself_o sovereign_a both_o as_o to_o his_o own_o person_n and_o over_o the_o possession_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n §_o 22._o they_o but_o the_o pope_n not_o be_v contend_v to_o have_v attain_v this_o degree_n of_o grandeur_n quick_o set_v on_o foot_n another_o doctrine_n which_o be_v of_o far_o great_a consequence_n viz._n that_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o indirect_a power_n over_o prince_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o his_o own_o right_a to_o take_v care_n how_o they_o govern_v and_o manage_v their_o affair_n for_o though_o they_o do_v not_o express_o pretend_v in_o gross_a term_n that_o prince_n do_v depend_v on_o they_o in_o civil_a affair_n yet_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o supreme_a ecclesiastical_a power_n do_v entitle_v they_o to_o a_o authority_n to_o judge_v concern_v the_o action_n of_o prince_n whether_o the_o same_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a to_o admonish_v they_o to_o correct_v they_o and_o to_o command_v what_o be_v fit_v and_o to_o forbid_v what_o be_v unfitting_a to_o be_v do_v if_o therefore_o prince_n wage_v war_n against_o one_o another_o the_o pope_n pretend_v to_o have_v a_o authority_n to_o command_v a_o truce_n to_o be_v make_v betwixt_o they_o to_o bring_v their_o difference_n before_o he_o and_o refer_v they_o to_o his_o decision_n not_o without_o threaten_n that_o he_o will_v not_o only_o excommunicate_v they_o in_o their_o person_n but_o also_o forbid_v the_o exercise_n of_o divine_a service_n and_o administration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n throughout_o their_o whole_a kingdom_n they_o also_o do_v believe_v it_o belong_v to_o their_o office_n to_o obviate_v all_o public_a scandal_n to_o defend_v such_o as_o be_v oppress_v and_o to_o see_v justice_n do_v to_o all_o the_o world_n it_o be_v from_o this_o pretention_n that_o they_o receive_v the_o complaint_n of_o all_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o be_v oppress_v nay_o they_o go_v further_o for_o they_o sometime_o take_v information_n concern_v the_o injury_n do_v by_o prince_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o concern_v some_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o the_o people_n whereby_o the_o people_n think_v themselves_o aggrieve_v which_o they_o forbid_v to_o be_v levy_v upon_o they_o under_o the_o penalty_n of_o excommunication_n sometime_o they_o use_v to_o declare_v the_o possession_n of_o such_o as_o be_v excommunicate_v forfeit_v expose_v their_o person_n to_o danger_n and_o release_n the_o subject_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n under_o pretence_n that_o the_o government_n of_o a_o christian_a people_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v to_o the_o management_n of_o such_o as_o have_v rebel_v against_o the_o church_n this_o have_v be_v attempt_v against_o a_o great_a many_o crown_a head_n and_o put_v in_o execution_n against_o some_o of_o they_o this_o abominable_a pretention_n as_o they_o persuade_v the_o ignorant_a be_v found_v upon_o their_o fictitious_a decretal_n upon_o which_o they_o have_v build_v their_o canon-law_n power_n which_o grant_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o unlimited_a power_n over_o christian_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o may_v as_o the_o common_a father_n send_v out_o his_o command_n to_o all_o believer_n and_o admonish_v they_o concern_v all_o such_o matter_n as_o belong_v to_o religion_n and_o their_o salvation_n and_o in_o case_n of_o disobedience_n lay_v punishment_n upon_o they_o for_o that_o the_o predecessor_n of_o gregory_n vii_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o this_o power_n they_o say_v be_v because_o the_o precede_a emperor_n either_o keep_v themselves_o within_o their_o bound_n or_o else_o the_o pope_n live_v a_o ungodly_a life_n to_o give_v specious_a colour_n to_o these_o pretension_n
year_n present_v the_o pope_n with_o a_o white_a horse_n and_o some_o thousand_o of_o ducat_n what_o other_o pretension_n the_o court_n of_o rome_n make_v be_v out_o of_o date_n for_o the_o rest_n these_o country_n be_v indifferent_o populous_a and_o fertile_a have_v several_a city_n of_o note_n out_o of_o which_o the_o pope_n receive_v a_o revenue_n of_o two_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o pope_n minister_n take_v effectual_a care_n that_o their_o subject_n may_v not_o be_v overgrow_v in_o riches_n perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o good_a soldier_n maintain_v out_o of_o the_o ecclesiastic_a estate_n force_n but_o his_o military_a strength_n be_v scarce_o worth_a take_a notice_n of_o since_o he_o make_v use_v of_o quite_o other_o mean_n to_o preserve_v his_o state_n than_o other_o prince_n do_v he_o maintain_v about_o twenty_o galley_n which_o have_v their_o station_n at_o civita_n vecchia_n the_o chief_a state_n maxim_n of_o the_o pope_n as_o a_o temporal_a prince_n be_v that_o peace_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o italy_n and_o that_o italy_n may_v remain_v in_o the_o same_o state_n as_o it_o be_v now_o and_o especial_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v introduce_v any_o other_o sovereign_a power_n which_o may_v prove_v so_o formidable_a as_o to_o domineer_v over_o the_o rest_n he_o must_v take_v great_a care_n that_o the_o turk_n may_v not_o get_v foot_v in_o italy_n and_o in_o case_n of_o a_o invasion_n from_o the_o turk_n not_o only_a italy_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o join_v against_o they_o but_o also_o whole_a christendom_n must_v be_v call_v in_o to_o help_v to_o chase_v out_o these_o barbarian_n since_o no_o christian_a prince_n will_v be_v content_v that_o this_o delicious_a country_n shall_v fall_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o pope_n have_v nothing_o to_o fear_v more_o from_o the_o german_a empire_n france_n as_o long_o as_o it_o remain_v upon_o the_o same_o foundation_n but_o if_o it_o shall_v fall_v under_o the_o government_n of_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n it_o be_v likely_a he_o may_v attempt_v to_o renew_v the_o ancient_a pretension_n spain_n and_o france_n be_v the_o two_o kingdom_n which_o be_v most_o formidable_a to_o the_o pope_n against_o they_o the_o pope_n make_v use_v of_o this_o maxim_n that_o he_o either_o set_v they_o together_o by_o the_o ear_n or_o at_o least_o keep_v up_o the_o balance_n betwixt_o they_o that_o one_o may_v not_o become_v quite_o master_n of_o the_o other_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o pope_n will_v be_v glad_a with_o all_o his_o heart_n that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o italy_n especial_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n but_o it_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o by_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o french_a in_o this_o case_n will_v be_v to_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o frying-pan_n into_o the_o fire_n therefore_o all_o what_o the_o pope_n can_v do_v be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o spain_n may_v not_o encroach_v upon_o other_o in_o italy_n and_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o if_o the_o spaniard_n shall_v attempt_v any_o such_o thing_n france_n and_o all_o the_o other_o italian_a state_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o oppose_v their_o design_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v please_v to_o the_o pope_n if_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v get_v so_o much_o foot_n in_o italy_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o sway_v matter_n there_o according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n which_o the_o pope_n ought_v to_o prevent_v with_o all_o his_o might_n the_o pope_n need_v not_o fear_n much_o from_o the_o other_o state_n of_o italy_n for_o though_o some_o of_o they_o be_v under_o hand_n his_o enemy_n and_o dread_v his_o spiritual_a power_n some_o of_o they_o also_o have_v be_v chastise_v by_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n nevertheless_o they_o must_v at_o least_o in_o outward_a appearance_n pay_v to_o the_o pope_n a_o due_a veneration_n neither_o dare_v they_o as_o much_o as_o devise_v to_o make_v any_o conquest_n upon_o the_o pope_n notwithstanding_o this_o they_o will_v not_o look_v with_o a_o good_a eye_n upon_o the_o pope_n if_o he_o shall_v pretend_v to_o make_v any_o conquest_n upon_o his_o neighbour_n and_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n this_o refine_a nation_n be_v extreme_o jealous_a and_o desirous_a to_o keep_v up_o the_o balance_n betwixt_o the_o state_n of_o italy_n §_o 30._o spiritual_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o pope_n second_o as_o the_o spiritual_a monarch_n of_o christendom_n and_o the_o vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ_n upon_o earth_n we_o meet_v in_o this_o spiritual_a state_n with_o such_o surprise_v and_o subtle_a piece_n that_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n there_o have_v not_o be_v set_v up_o a_o more_o artificial_a fabric_n than_o the_o popish_a monarchy_n it_o have_v require_v the_o more_o sagacity_n to_o erect_v and_o sustain_v this_o structure_n the_o more_o the_o end_n of_o this_o sovereignty_n be_v quite_o different_a from_o the_o end_n of_o all_o other_o state_n in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o more_o feeble_a the_o title_n appear_v upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v for_o it_o be_v the_o main_a end_n of_o other_o commonwealth_n to_o live_v in_o security_n and_o peace_n for_o the_o maintain_n of_o which_o the_o subject_n contribute_v a_o share_n out_o of_o their_o good_n and_o possession_n nay_o venture_v their_o life_n that_o they_o may_v sufficient_o provide_v against_o the_o attempt_n of_o malicious_a people_n and_o live_v in_o security_n and_o without_o danger_n from_o their_o enemy_n and_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o subject_a to_o take_v care_n that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o maintain_v himself_o out_o of_o his_o own_o revenue_n or_o by_o his_o labour_n and_o industry_n but_o the_o popish_a monarch_n chief_a design_n be_v that_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o clergy_n may_v live_v in_o plenty_n and_o splendour_n in_o this_o world_n all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v maintain_v at_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o other_o people_n who_o must_v be_v persuade_v to_o part_v with_o their_o money_n by_o several_a shine_a argument_n and_o artificial_a persuasion_n and_o whereas_o other_o state_n be_v fain_o to_o maintain_v their_o force_n and_o garrison_n with_o great_a expense_n the_o pope_n on_o the_o contrary_n entertain_v his_o militia_n without_o any_o charge_n but_o rather_o with_o profit_n to_o himself_o and_o whereas_o it_o be_v also_o a_o state_n maxim_n among_o the_o wise_a prince_n not_o to_o extend_v their_o conquest_n too_o far_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o occasion_n to_o imitate_v they_o in_o this_o point_n since_o it_o be_v neither_o dangerous_a nor_o troublesome_a to_o he_o though_o he_o extend_v his_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o east_n and_o west_n indies_n the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v found_v upon_o evident_a and_o undeniable_a principle_n and_o divine_a institution_n since_o without_o it_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o mankind_n shall_v live_v honest_o secure_o commodious_o and_o decent_o but_o to_o find_v out_o the_o same_o necessity_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o pope_n sovereign_a authority_n and_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o as_o the_o peace_n and_o welfare_n of_o mankind_n can_v subsist_v without_o a_o supreme_a civil_a power_n so_o the_o christian_a world_n can_v be_v without_o a_o supreme_a ecclesiastical_a power_n be_v in_o my_o mind_n impossible_a to_o be_v do_v he_o that_o be_v unwilling_a to_o believe_v this_o let_v he_o find_v out_o a_o demonstrative_a proof_n and_o he_o will_v be_v the_o miracle_n of_o the_o world_n but_o if_o the_o pope_n champion_n pretend_v to_o a_o positive_a command_n from_o god_n almighty_a they_o be_v oblige_v to_o prove_v by_o clear_a and_o evident_a proof_n and_o that_o in_o all_o its_o clause_n and_o determination_n out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o our_o saviour_n when_o he_o send_v his_o disciple_n all_o over_o the_o world_n to_o preach_v the_o christian_a faith_n do_v give_v they_o full_a power_n not_o only_o to_o propagate_v the_o christian_a doctrine_n among_o all_o nation_n and_o not_o to_o be_v dependent_a on_o any_o humane_a power_n in_o their_o office_n so_o as_o thereby_o to_o be_v hinder_v from_o preach_v or_o force_a to_o add_v or_o retrench_v any_o thing_n from_o their_o doctrine_n which_o power_n be_v unquestionable_a but_o also_o that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n grant_v they_o to_o put_v into_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o that_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o magistrate_n though_o the_o same_o profess_a the_o true_a christian_a religion_n as_o many_o and_o who_o they_o please_v that_o they_o also_o may_v grant_v to_o these_o again_o full_a power_n to_o increase_v their_o order_n to_o such_o a_o number_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a themselves_o without_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o the_o
money_n it_o be_v report_v of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o barbarini_n that_o at_o the_o death_n of_o vrban_n viii_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o 227_o office_n and_o church-benefice_n most_o of_o they_o reckon_v at_o three_o five_o eight_o and_o ten_o thousand_o seudi_fw-la a_o piece_n whereby_o it_o be_v say_v they_o get_v together_o a_o treasure_n of_o 30_o million_o of_o scudi_n this_o have_v be_v represent_v as_o a_o very_a scandalous_a thing_n by_o some_o but_o if_o due_o consider_v it_o be_v a_o great_a folly_n to_o suppose_v that_o since_o the_o main_a intention_n of_o the_o popish_a sovereignty_n be_v to_o enrich_v the_o clergy_n the_o pope_n shall_v stifle_v their_o natural_a inclination_n towards_o their_o kindred_n and_o not_o make_v hay_n whilst_o the_o sun_n shine_v this_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o common_a infirmity_n that_o favourite_n and_o other_o whilst_o they_o be_v fortunate_a be_v envy_v by_o other_o who_o be_v vex_v because_o fortune_n be_v not_o so_o favourable_a to_o they_o beside_o that_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o pope_n since_o they_o need_v not_o entertain_v any_o considerable_a army_n scarce_o know_v how_o to_o employ_v they_o better_o since_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n vrban_n viii_o a_o custom_n have_v be_v introduce_v to_o make_v one_o of_o the_o pope_n nephew_n chief_a minister_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n who_o they_o call_v cardinal_n patroon_n cardinal_n patrono_fw-la among_o other_o reason_n patroon_n why_o the_o pope_n commit_v the_o management_n of_o affair_n to_o one_o of_o his_o nephew_n this_o be_v allege_v for_o one_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n of_o blood_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o other_o and_o that_o by_o so_o do_v the_o pope_n person_n be_v better_a secure_v against_o any_o attempt_n which_o be_v soon_o make_v upon_o his_o life_n than_o of_o other_o hereditary_a prince_n who_o death_n their_o successor_n be_v able_a to_o revenge_v how_o fearful_a the_o pope_n be_v of_o poison_n may_v be_v judge_v from_o thence_o that_o as_o often_o as_o the_o pope_n receive_v the_o sacrament_n his_o chaplain_n who_o be_v to_o administer_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v oblige_v to_o taste_v of_o both_o before_o the_o the_o pope_n it_o be_v also_o pretend_a that_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o nephew_n this_o advantage_n be_v obtain_v that_o the_o other_o minister_n and_o governor_n have_v not_o so_o much_o opportunity_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o to_o put_v one_o another_o out_o of_o place_n which_o be_v the_o common_a custom_n in_o elective_a state_n for_o their_o nephew_n be_v few_o in_o number_n and_o therefore_o soon_o to_o be_v satisfy_v neither_o will_v they_o easy_o suffer_v that_o other_o shall_v enrich_v themselves_o since_o they_o be_v sensible_a that_o all_o the_o hatred_n fall_v upon_o themselves_o they_o be_v also_o very_o serviceable_a to_o the_o pope_n in_o that_o they_o more_o free_o can_v disclose_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o several_a prince_n to_o he_o than_o other_o minister_n who_o be_v not_o so_o near_o ally_v to_o he_o and_o that_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o be_v more_o circumspect_a in_o their_o management_n of_o affair_n for_o fear_n leave_v they_o may_v one_o time_n or_o another_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v their_o business_n so_o to_o oblige_v one_o prince_n or_o another_o that_o they_o may_v upon_o all_o occasion_n be_v sure_a of_o his_o protection_n beside_o that_o by_o their_o assistance_n affair_n may_v be_v carry_v on_o with_o much_o more_o secrecy_n than_o otherwise_o and_o if_o the_o pope_n be_v destitute_a of_o their_o counsel_n he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o cardinal_n who_o most_o common_o be_v very_o partial_a be_v most_o of_o they_o engage_v to_o foreign_a prince_n either_o by_o pension_n or_o benefice_n §_o 32._o clergy_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o ecclesiastical_a monarchy_n may_v commodious_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o several_a sort_n the_o first_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a clergy_n the_o second_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o christendom_n as_o far_o as_o the_o same_o profess_v the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o laiety_n the_o first_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o stand_a army_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o thereby_o manitain_v his_o conquest_n the_o rest_n be_v to_o be_v deem_v as_o subject_n that_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v those_o stand_a force_n at_o their_o charge_n the_o first_o have_v this_o particular_a obligation_n upon_o they_o that_o they_o must_v abstain_v from_o marriage_n this_o be_v do_v under_o pretence_n of_o a_o special_a holiness_n and_o that_o thereby_o they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o fit_a to_o perform_v their_o duty_n without_o any_o hindrance_n but_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o prefer_v the_o interest_n and_o welfare_n of_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n before_o that_o of_o the_o church_n and_o in_o consideration_n thereof_o not_o side_n with_o those_o prince_n under_o who_o jurisdiction_n they_o live_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o enrich_v their_o child_n with_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n but_o be_v the_o more_o ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o execute_v the_o pope_n will_n especial_o against_o such_o prince_n under_o who_o protection_n they_o live_v for_o since_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v esteem_v the_o dear_a pledge_n not_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o a_o enrage_a enemy_n they_o can_v the_o easy_o despise_v the_o anger_n of_o their_o prince_n if_o they_o have_v no_o other_o care_n to_o take_v but_o for_o themselves_o a_o single_a man_n not_o need_v to_o fear_v a_o livelihood_n in_o any_o place_n whatever_o and_o it_o have_v be_v the_o main_a endeavour_n of_o the_o pope_n to_o exempt_v the_o clergy_n by_o all_o mean_n from_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n and_o to_o make_v they_o only_o dependent_a on_o himself_o beside_o this_o the_o avaricious_a clergy_n will_v not_o have_v make_v so_o good_a a_o harvest_n if_o it_o have_v be_v take_v for_o grant_v among_o the_o people_n that_o the_o same_o be_v collect_v for_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n whereas_o now_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o they_o receive_v not_o for_o themselves_o but_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o church_n but_o those_o who_o have_v be_v so_o busy_a to_o force_v celibacy_n upon_o the_o clergy_n be_v forgetful_a in_o not_o prescribe_v they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o recipe_n against_o incontinency_n and_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o stand_v in_o great_a need_n of_o how_o vast_a a_o number_n there_o be_v of_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n number_n may_v be_v best_a judge_v out_o of_o what_o be_v relate_v of_o pope_n paul_n iu._n who_o use_v to_o brag_v that_o he_o have_v 228000_o parish_n and_o 44000_o monastery_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n if_o he_o do_v not_o mistake_v in_o his_o account_n especial_o as_o to_o the_o monastery_n the_o clergy_n may_v again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o two_o sort_n viz._n those_o who_o be_v bare_a priest_n and_o ecclesiastic_n and_o those_o who_o have_v engage_v themselves_o by_o a_o particular_a vow_n viz._n the_o monk_n and_o jesuit_n who_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o pope_n praetorian_a band_n they_o receive_v for_o their_o pay_n honour_n and_o dignity_n great_a revenue_n a_o quiet_a life_n without_o any_o great_a labour_n and_o live_v always_o near_o a_o good_a kitchen_n but_o those_o who_o have_v addict_v themselves_o to_o a_o more_o strict_a order_n be_v feed_v with_o the_o vain_a belief_n of_o holiness_n great_a merit_n and_o particular_a prerogative_n above_o other_o §_o 33._o sâ—â—e_z the_o pope_n make_v use_v of_o this_o artifice_n to_o keep_v the_o laiety_n in_o obedience_n that_o he_o persuade_v they_o to_o receive_v and_o consider_v his_o ecclesiastical_a troop_n as_o the_o chief_a promoter_n of_o their_o salvation_n and_o master_n over_o their_o conscience_n which_o serve_v like_o a_o bridle_n to_o lead_v and_o turn_v they_o about_o according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o that_o every_o thing_n may_v be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o this_o spiritual_a monarchy_n several_a article_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v be_v by_o degree_n stretch_v or_o patch_v up_o with_o new_a addition_n and_o any_o one_o that_o will_v due_o weigh_v these_o matter_n wherein_o they_o differ_v with_o their_o adversary_n will_v soon_o find_v that_o in_o those_o point_n there_o be_v general_o a_o mixture_n of_o interest_n as_o to_o the_o authority_n power_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o clergy_n among_o those_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n whereby_o they_o pretend_v to_o set_v he_o above_o council_n and_o make_v
near_o newport_n siege_n of_o ostend_n 1601._o the_o conquest_n on_o both_o side_n a_o truce_n of_o 12_o year_n 1609._o a_o quarrel_n about_o the_o duchy_n of_o juliers_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o remonstrant_n and_o contra-remonstrants_a afterward_o manage_v by_o state_n policy_n 1629._o the_o spanish_a war_n renew_v 1621._o prince_n maurice_n die_v 1625._o prince_z frederick_z henry_n i._n 1627._o a_o league_n offensive_a between_o france_n and_o holland_n 1635._o 1636._o prince_n william_n ii_o peace_n conclude_v at_o munster_n 1648._o war_n with_o portugal_n division_n in_o holland_n dam_fw-la witt_n and_o other_o make_v prisoner_n by_o the_o prince_n the_o birth_n of_o prince_n william_n iii_o war_n with_o the_o english_a parliament_n a_o peace_n 1654._o difference_n with_o swedeland_n 1660._o the_o second_o war_n with_o england_n 16â—5_n england_n and_o france_n declare_v war_n with_o holland_n the_o du_n wit_n murder_v 1674._o 1676._o 1677._o the_o constitution_n their_o genius_n the_o nature_n of_o 〈◊〉_d country_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o commerce_n east-india_n company_n the_o west-india_n company_n strength_n and_o weakness_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n form_n of_o government_n prince_n of_o orange_n 1675._o whether_o it_o be_v their_o advantage_n to_o have_v a_o sovereignty_n other_o defect_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n 1665._o the_o neighbour_n of_o holland_n england_n france_n spain_n portugal_n the_o northern_a crown_n first_o original_a of_o this_o commonwealth_n thâ—_n first_o vnâ—on_n of_o he_o switz_n the_o bâ—â—â—el_n near_o morgarten_n to_o fiâ—st_v design_n of_o this_o confederacy_n battle_n near_o sempach_n war_n wiâ—h_o charles_n dukâ—_n of_o burgundy_n their_o ally_n some_o oâ—her_n war_n of_o thâ—_n swisser_n 1499._o thâ—ir_a war_n with_o france_n 1513._o 1515_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o soil_n the_o genâ—ns_n of_o this_o nâ—tion_n their_o strength_n and_o weakness_n their_o neighbour_n te_o ancient_a condition_n of_o germany_n charles_n tâ—e_v great_a lewis_n the_o pious_a lewis_n k._n of_o germanâ—_n c._n crassus_n 8â—7_n 894._o 899._o lewis_n the_o child_n 9â—5_n 9â—1_n cunrad_n henry_n the_o falconer_n otto_n the_o great_a â—62_n otto_n ii_o otto_n i_o 1001._o 1024._o conrade_n ii_o 1034._o henry_n iii_n henry_n iu._n the_o pope_n give_v he_o great_a trouble_n 1084._o hâ—â—_n sâ—n_n râ—â—els_v 1106._o henry_n v._n 1122._o 1125._o lotharâ—us_o the_o saxâ—n_n fredrick_n i._n 1189._o henry_n vi._n philip_n 1208._o otto_n vi._n frederick_n ii_o the_o juelf_n and_o gâ—bâ—â—lins_n 1245._o 1254._o a_o long_a inteâ—regnum_fw-la 1255._o râ—dâ—lph_n â—arl_n of_o habsbuâ—â—h_n 1273._o adolph_n albert_n i._n 1308._o 〈◊〉_d vii_o 〈◊〉_d by_o â—_o monk_n 〈…〉_z excommunicated_a bâ—â—â—â—e_a pope_n charles_n iu._n tâ—e_v golden_a bull._n wenceslaus_n 1400._o 1400._o fredâ—rick_n oâ—_n bruâ—sâ—ick_n rupert_n sigismond_n 1393._o albert_n ii_o fredrick_n iii_o maximilian_n i._n charles_n v._n 1517._o the_o reformation_n 1521._o 1529._o the_o rise_n of_o the_o name_n of_o protestant_n 1530._o the_o league_n at_o smalkald_n 1546._o 1552._o a_o peace_n conclude_v 1552._o 1555._o a_o insurrection_n of_o the_o boor_n 1525._o 1532._o he_o resign_v ferdinand_n i._n maximilian_n ii_o 1567._o râ—dolph_n ii_o 1612._o mathias_n origin_n of_o the_o german_a war_n thâ—_n evangelical_n union_n the_o bohemian_a tumult_n 1618._o ferâ—inand_n i_o tâ—e_v crown_n of_o bohemia_n offer_v to_o the_o elector_n palatin_n the_o ill_a success_n of_o the_o elector_n palatin_n 1620._o thâ—_n war_n spread_v in_o geâ—maâ—y_n 1626._o 1629._o the_o proclamation_n concern_v church_n lanâ—s_v 1629._o gustavus_n aâ—olphus_n 1630._o 1632._o gustavus'â—_n dâ—â—th_v thâ—_n waâ—_n continueâ—_n 1634._o 1635._o peace_n of_o osnâ—â—rugge_n and_o france_n 1648._o 1637._o ferdinand_n tâ—e_v three_o leopold_n 1659._o war_n with_o the_o turk_n war_n with_o france_n peace_n of_o nimâ—eâ—â—n_n 1679._o the_o genius_n oâ—_n this_o nation_n nature_n of_o 〈◊〉_d soil_n its_o commodity_n form_n of_o government_n strength_n and_o weakness_n of_o this_o empire_n whâ—_n the_o emperor_n quit_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arclat_a what_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o elector_n the_o conduct_n of_o charles_n of_o the_o gaâ—ranties_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o burâ—undy_n 1548._o ferdinand_n pursue_v thâ—_n spanish_n maxim_n tâ—â—_n difference_n betwixt_o hâ—_n protestant_n 〈…〉_z tâ—e_v turk_n italy_n â—hâ—_n swiss_n poland_n denmark_n englanâ—_n hollaâ—d_n spâ—iâ—_n sweden_n france_n 〈…〉_z kingdom_n 〈◊〉_d iii_o ericâ—_n i._n 846._o sven_v oâ—ttâ—_n canut_n ii_o 1087._o waldemar_n i._n 1157._o 1164._o canute_n vi._n 1227._o erick_n v._n abâ—l._n 1250._o 1252._o christâ—ph_n i._o 1259._o erick_n vi._n 1286._o erick_n vii_o christoph_n two_o 1332._o wald._n iii_o olaus_n vi._n 1396._o eric_n pomerar_n 1438._o christopher_n 1439._o chrisâ—ian_n 1_n 1458._o 1463._o john_n 1497._o 1513._o christian_n ii_o crown_a k._n of_o swedeâ—_n 1520._o 〈…〉_z of_o his_o own_o kingd_v 1532._o 1546._o 1559._o frederick_n i._n christian_n iii_o 1556._o fredâ—rick_n two_o 1560._o 1570._o christian_n iu_o 1613._o 1625._o 1629._o 1643._o 1645._o frâ—â—erick_n iii_o 1657._o war_n with_o sweden_n 〈…〉_z câ—penhagen_n 1659._o a_o peace_n conclude_v thâ—_n king_n declare_v absolute_a a_o tâ—e_v crown_n hereditary_a christian_n v._o 1675._o hâ—_n make_v war_n upon_o swedâ—n_n a_o peace_n the_o genius_n oâ—t_o be_v nâ—tion_n the_o norwegian_n nature_n of_o the_o soil_n iâ—s_n defect_n neighbour_n of_o denmark_n germany_n swâ—â—en_n holland_n england_n thâ—_n muscovite_n poland_n france_n origine_fw-la of_o the_o kingd_a of_o poland_n lechus_n twelve_o vayvod_n or_o governor_n 700._o cracus_n lechus_n ii_o venda_fw-la 750._o lescus_n i._n 776._o lescus_n ii_o 804._o lescus_n iii_o popiel_n i._n popiel_n ii_o 820._o piastus_n zicmovitus_fw-la lescus_n iu._n 902._o zicmovistus_n micislaus_n 〈◊〉_d 965._o 999._o boleslaus_n chrobry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n miccislaus_n ii_o casimir_n i._n boleslaus_n the_o hardy_a 1058._o vladislaus_n 1082._o boleslaus_n iii_o 1103._o 1139._o vladislaus_n ii_o boleslaus_n iu._n 1146._o miccislaus_n iii_o 1174._o casimir_n 11780._o lescus_n v._n 1213._o the_o first_o inroad_n oâ—_n tâ—e_v tartar_n bâ—lesiaus_n v._n 1226._o lâ—scus_n vi_o 1279._o premislus_n 1291._o vladisl_n iii_o 1300._o casimir_n iii_o lewis_n jagello_n orvlaâ—isl_n iv._o how_o lithuania_n be_v unite_v of_o poland_n vladisl_n v._o 1445._o casimir_n iu._n john_n albert._n alexander_n sigismond_n sigismond_n be_v augustus_n 1552._o henry_n of_o valâ—â—s_n duke_n of_o anjou_n 1574._o steph._n batori_fw-la thâ—_n cosacks_n sigism_n iii_o 1592._o 1605._o thâ—_n occasion_n of_o he_o war_n between_o poland_n and_o mâ—scâ—vy_n 1605._o 1606._o basil_n great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n 1086._o sigismond_n make_v his_o a_o 〈…〉_z of_o these_o trouble_n in_o muscovy_n 1609._o 1610._o the_o policy_n oâ—_n the_o muscovite_n the_o oversight_n of_o sigismond_n the_o pole_n defeat_v in_o moldavia_n 1617._o a_o war_n betwixt_o the_o pole_n and_o turk_n 1621._o the_o invasiof_n gustavus_n adolpâ—_n we_o 1625._o vladis_fw-la iv._o 1634._o 1635._o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o cosack_n john_n casimir_n 1647._o the_o pole_n defeat_v by_o â—he_n cosâ—â—â—s_n the_o muscovite_n join_v wâ—th_v the_o câ—sacks_n 1653._o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n invade_v poland_n the_o battle_n of_o warsaw_n ragozi_fw-fr prince_n of_o transylvania_n invade_v poland_n 1606._o michael_n witsnowizki_n 1670._o john_n sobieski_n tâ—e_v genius_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n etc._n etc._n its_o commodity_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o kingdom_n their_o weakness_n their_o form_n of_o government_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o king_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n neighbour_n of_o poland_n germany_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o particular_a the_o interest_n of_o poland_n and_o germany_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o turk_n brandenburg_n denmark_n and_o sweden_n moscovy_n the_o tartar_n moldavia_n the_o cosackâ—_n the_o ancient_a state_n of_o russia_n john_n basilius_n john_n basilewitz_n 1533._o theodore_n juanowitz_n boris_n guidenow_n 1605._o 1606._o michael_n fadorowitz_n 1613._o 1645._o alexius_n michaelowitz_n 1656._o theodore_n alexowitz_n the_o genius_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n and_o commodity_n form_n of_o government_n strength_n of_o the_o country_n neighbour_n of_o muscovy_n the_o persiant_a tartar_n poland_n sweden_n politic_a reflection_n upon_o popedom_n the_o blindness_n of_o heathen_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n the_o constitution_n of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v proper_a for_o all_o the_o world_n not_o contrary_a to_o civil_a government_n no_o other_o religion_n or_o philosophy_n comparable_a to_o it_o concern_v the_o outward_a government_n of_o religion_n what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o external_a government_n of_o religion_n the_o consideration_n of_o this_o question_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o particular_a first_o propagation_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o method_n of_o god_n in_o establish_v the_o christian_a religion_n way_n the_o mean_a first_o convert_v persecution_n of_o the_o
as_o a_o instruction_n to_o young_a man_n viz._n that_o this_o interest_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o a_o imaginary_a and_o real_a interest_n by_o the_o first_o i_o understand_v when_o a_o prince_n judge_v the_o welfare_n of_o his_o state_n to_o consist_v in_o such_o thing_n as_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o disquiet_v and_o be_v injurious_a to_o a_o great_a many_o other_o state_n and_o which_o these_o be_v oblige_v to_o oppose_v with_o all_o their_o power_n as_o for_o example_n the_o monarchy_n of_o europe_n or_o the_o universal_a monopoly_n this_o be_v the_o fuel_n with_o which_o the_o whole_a world_n may_v be_v put_v into_o a_o flame_n num_fw-la si_fw-la vos_fw-la omnibus_fw-la imperare_fw-la vultis_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la servitutem_fw-la accipiant_fw-la if_o you_o will_v be_v the_o only_a master_n of_o the_o world_n do_v it_o thence_o follow_v that_o all_o other_o shall_v lay_v their_o neck_n under_o your_o yoke_n the_o real_a interest_n may_v be_v subdivide_v into_o a_o perpetual_a and_o temporary_a the_o former_a depend_v chief_o on_o the_o situation_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o the_o people_n the_o latter_a on_o the_o condition_n strength_n and_o weakness_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n for_o as_o those_o vary_v the_o interest_n must_v also_o vary_v whence_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o whereas_o we_o be_v for_o our_o own_o security_n sometime_o oblige_v to_o assist_v a_o neighbour_a nation_n which_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v oppress_v by_o a_o more_o potent_a enemy_n we_o at_o another_o time_n be_v force_v to_o oppose_v the_o design_n of_o those_o we_o before_o assist_v when_o we_o find_v they_o have_v recover_v themselves_o to_o that_o degree_n as_o that_o they_o may_v prove_v formidable_a and_o troublesome_a to_o we_o but_o see_v this_o interest_n be_v so_o manifest_a to_o those_o who_o be_v verse_v in_o state-affair_n that_o they_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o one_o may_v ask_v how_o it_o often_o time_n happen_v that_o great_a error_n be_v commit_v in_o this_o kind_n against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a administration_n of_o affair_n be_v oftentimes_o not_o sufficient_o instruct_v concern_v the_o interest_n both_o of_o their_o own_o state_n as_o also_o that_o of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o yet_o be_v fond_a of_o their_o own_o sentiment_n will_v not_o follow_v the_o advice_n of_o understanding_n and_o faithful_a minister_n sometime_o they_o be_v misguide_v by_o their_o passion_n or_o by_o time-serving_a minister_n and_o favourite_n but_o where_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o minister_n of_o state_n it_o may_v happen_v that_o these_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o discern_v it_o or_o else_o be_v lead_v away_o by_o a_o private_a interest_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o that_o of_o the_o state_n or_o else_o be_v divide_v into_o faction_n they_o be_v more_o concern_v to_o ruin_v their_o rival_n than_o to_o follow_v the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n therefore_o some_o of_o the_o most_o exquisite_a part_n of_o modern_a history_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o one_o know_v the_o person_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_n or_o the_o minister_n which_o rule_v a_o state_n their_o capacity_n inclination_n caprice_n private_a interest_n manner_n of_o proceed_v and_o the_o like_a since_o unpon_o this_o depend_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o good_a and_o ill_a management_n of_o a_o state_n for_o it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o a_o state_n which_o in_o itself_o consider_v be_v but_o weak_a be_v make_v to_o become_v very_o considerable_a by_o the_o good_a conduct_n and_o valour_n of_o its_o governor_n whereas_o a_o powerful_a state_n by_o the_o ill_a management_n of_o those_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n oftentimes_o suffer_v considerable_o but_o as_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o matter_n appertain_v proper_o to_o those_o who_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o management_n of_o foreign_a affair_n so_o it_o be_v mutable_a consider_v how_o often_o the_o scene_n be_v change_v at_o court_n wherefore_o it_o be_v better_a learn_v from_o experience_n and_o the_o conversation_n of_o man_n well_o verse_v in_o these_o matter_n than_o from_o any_o book_n whatsoever_o and_o this_o be_v what_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o touch_v upon_o in_o a_o few_o word_n in_o this_o preface_n the_o table_n a._n ancient_a state_n of_o mankind_n p._n 1_o the_o assyrian_a empire_n 3_o alexander_n the_o great_a 9_o america_n discover_v 44_o peace_n make_v at_o aix_n la_fw-fr chapelle_n 244_o a_o association_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o the_o netherlands_o 259_o the_o duke_n de_fw-fr alva_n be_v send_v into_o the_o netherlands_o 261_o he_o cause_v the_o earl_n of_o egmont_n and_o hoorn_v to_o be_v behead_v 261_o don_n john_n de_fw-fr austria_n make_v governor_n of_o the_o netherlands_o 264_o the_o duke_n of_o alenson_n constitute_v sovereign_a over_o the_o netherlands_o 266_o archduke_n albert_n governor_n of_o the_o spanish_a netherlands_o 269_o avignon_n why_o once_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o pope_n 410_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n most_o zealous_a for_o popery_n 424_o albert_n duke_n of_o meclenburgh_n king_n of_o sweden_n 475_o b._n the_o duke_n of_o braganza_n proclaim_v king_n of_o portugal_n under_o the_o name_n of_o john_n iu._n 65_o 92_o brasil_n first_o discover_v in_o america_n 90_o 〈◊〉_d near_o crecy_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o french_a 191_o 118_o battle_n near_o poitiers_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o french_a p._n 192_o 119_o the_o battle_n of_o st._n quintin_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o french_a 140_o the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n 198_o brittainy_a unite_v with_o france_n 204_o battle_n of_o pavia_n betwixt_o charles_n v._o emperor_n of_o germany_n and_o francis_n i._o king_n of_o france_n 212_o marshal_v de_fw-fr biron_n conspiracy_n against_o henry_n iv._o king_n of_o france_n 233_o briel_n take_v by_o the_o banish_a netherlander_n 262_o battle_n near_o nieuport_n betwixt_o the_o spaniard_n and_o dutch_n 270_o the_o bohemian_a tumult_n under_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n i._n 301_o the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n offer_v to_o frederic_n elector_n palatine_n 301_o boteslaus_n chrobry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n 335_o the_o battle_n fight_v near_o warsaw_n in_o poland_n 351_o boris_n goudenaw_n czar_n of_o muscovy_n 362_o of_o make_v bishop_n 383_o battle_n fight_v near_o leipzick_n in_o germany_n 520_o battle_n fight_v near_o lutzen_n in_o germany_n 524_o battle_n of_o norelingen_n in_o germany_n 527_o a_o second_o battle_n fight_v near_o leipzick_n 530_o battle_n fight_v in_o the_o island_n of_o fuhnen_a 534_o c._o carthage_n 12_o constantinople_n the_o imperial_a seat_n of_o the_o eastern_a emperor_n 26_o castille_n make_v a_o kingdom_n 33_o castille_n and_o arragon_n unite_v under_o ferdinand_n and_o isabel_n 42_o charles_n v._n 46_o his_o war_n with_o france_n 47_o charles_n v._o take_v rome_n 48_o charles_n v._o wage_n war_n against_o the_o protestant_n in_o germany_n 52_o charles_n abdication_n 53_o his_o death_n 53_o catalonia_n rebel_n against_o spain_n 63_o charles_n ii_o king_n of_o spain_n 66_o the_o canary_n island_n 73_o the_o corfew_n ball_n 106_o calais_n take_v by_o edward_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n 119_o charles_n i._n king_n of_o england_n 148_o his_o war_n with_o france_n 149_o his_o war_n with_o spain_n 148_o commotion_n in_o england_n and_o the_o true_a cause_n thereof_o 149_o the_o conduct_n of_o king_n charles_n i._n 151_o he_o be_v make_v a_o prisoner_n 158_o he_o be_v sentence_v to_o death_n and_o execute_v 159_o charles_n ii_o son_n of_o king_n charles_n i._o rout_v near_o worcester_n 160_o cromwell_n make_v protector_n of_o england_n 161_o charles_n ii_o restauration_n to_o the_o kingdom_n 162_o his_o war_n with_o holland_n 163_o charles_n surname_v the_o great_a king_n of_o france_n 179_o be_v proclaim_v emperor_n of_o the_o roman_n 179_o the_o carlinian_n family_n extinguish_v in_o france_n 182_o charles_n vi_o king_n of_o france_n 195_o charles_n vii_o king_n of_o france_n 199_o charles_n viii_o king_n of_o france_n 204_o conquer_v naples_n 205_o loses_n naples_n 206_o charles_n ix_o king_n of_o france_n 221_o the_o first_o second_o three_o four_o and_o five_o huguenot_n war_n under_o his_o reign_n 221_o 222_o 223_o 224_o charles_n the_o great_a 282_o charles_n iu_o emperor_n of_o germany_n cause_v the_o golden_a bull_n to_o be_v compile_v 295_o charles_n v._o emperor_n of_o germany_n 297_o he_o resign_v the_o empire_n 299_o christian_n i_o the_o first_o king_n of_o denmark_n out_o of_o the_o owen_n burgh_n family_n 322_o christian_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n crown_v king_n of_o sweden_n 323_o he_o be_v drive_v thence_o and_o afterward_o out_o of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n 324_o christian_n iu_o king_n of_o denmark_n his_o defeat_n near_o kings-luttern_a 325_o the_o siege_n of_o copenhagen_n 326_o christian_a