to_o the_o rule_n of_o this_o holy_a religion_n that_o if_o a_o modest_a and_o honest_a heathen_a be_v to_o estimate_n christianity_n by_o the_o life_n of_o its_o professor_n he_o will_v certain_o proscribe_v it_o as_o the_o vile_a religion_n in_o the_o world_n be_v offend_v hereat_o i_o resolve_v to_o stand_v in_o the_o way_n and_o see_v and_o inquire_v for_o the_o good_a old_a way_n the_o path_n wherein_o the_o ancient_a christian_n walk_v for_o i_o can_v not_o think_v that_o this_o have_v always_o be_v the_o unhappy_a fate_n and_o portion_n of_o christianity_n 1._o and_o that_o if_o the_o footstep_n of_o true_a christian_a piety_n and_o simplicity_n be_v any_o where_o to_o be_v find_v it_o must_v be_v in_o those_o time_n when_o as_o s._n hierom_n note_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v yet_o warm_a in_o the_o breast_n of_o christian_n and_o the_o faith_n and_o spirit_n of_o religion_n more_o brisk_a and_o vigorous_a in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o design_n i_o set_v my_o self_n to_o a_o more_o close_a and_o diligent_a read_n of_o the_o first_o father_n and_o ancient_a monument_n of_o the_o church_n than_o ever_o i_o have_v do_v before_o especial_o for_o the_o three_o or_o four_o first_o centure_n for_o much_o low_a i_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o go_v because_o the_o life_n and_o spirit_n of_o christianity_n do_v then_o visible_o decline_v apace_o note_v as_o i_o go_v along_o whatever_o contribute_v to_o my_o satisfaction_n in_o this_o affair_n have_v i_o consult_v my_o own_o ease_n and_o quiet_a i_o may_v have_v go_v a_o near_a way_n to_o work_v and_o have_v take_v up_o with_o what_o i_o can_v have_v pick_v up_o of_o this_o nature_n in_o baronius_n the_o century_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o can_v not_o satisfy_v myself_o and_o i_o presume_v it_o will_v as_o little_o have_v satisfy_v the_o reader_n with_o shred_n with_o thing_n take_v upon_o trust_n and_o borrow_v at_o the_o second_o hand_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o make_v little_a use_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o saint_n especial_o in_o such_o instance_n whereof_o there_o be_v the_o least_o cause_n to_o doubt_v and_o the_o spurious_a and_o suppositious_a write_n of_o the_o father_n seldom_o make_v use_n of_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o unquestionable_a credit_n and_o authority_n and_o because_o the_o testimony_n of_o a_o enemy_n be_v ever_o account_v of_o great_a moment_n and_o regard_n i_o have_v be_v careful_a to_o add_v the_o testimony_n that_o have_v be_v give_v to_o christian_n and_o to_o their_o religion_n by_o the_o know_a and_o profess_a adversary_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n such_o as_o pliny_n lucian_n porphyry_n julian_n &c._n &c._n more_o whereof_o we_o may_v have_v be_v furnish_v with_o have_v those_o write_n of_o they_o against_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v extant_a which_o the_o zeal_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n prince_n industrious_o banish_v out_o of_o the_o world_n what_o other_o author_n of_o late_a date_n i_o have_v borrow_v any_o light_n from_o in_o this_o discourse_n i_o have_v faithful_o produce_v in_o the_o margin_n two_o book_n indeed_o i_o meet_v with_o which_o at_o first_o sight_n i_o well_o hope_v will_v have_v whole_o save_v i_o the_o labour_n of_o this_o search_n the_o one_o write_v by_o a_o person_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n 1655._o the_o other_o by_o a_o florentine_a of_o great_a name_n and_o note_n but_o my_o hope_n be_v very_o much_o frustrate_v in_o both_o quarto_fw-la for_o the_o first_o i_o no_o soon_o look_v into_o it_o but_o find_v myself_o wretched_o impose_v upon_o by_o the_o title_n his_o elder_a time_n and_o christian_n not_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o intermixture_n of_o thing_n nothing_o to_o his_o purpose_n seldom_o reach_v any_o high_a than_o the_o middle-age_n of_o the_o church_n little_a or_o nothing_o be_v remark_v of_o the_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n the_o only_a thing_n i_o aim_v at_o for_o the_o other_o which_o i_o meet_v not_o with_o till_o i_o have_v almost_o finish_v this_o 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upright_a carriage_n in_o all_o transaction_n a_o sobriety_n and_o temperance_n remarkable_a to_o the_o admiration_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o in_o short_a he_o will_v here_o see_v the_o divine_a and_o holy_a precept_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n draw_v down_o into_o action_n and_o the_o most_o excellent_a genius_n and_o spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n breathe_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o life_n of_o these_o good_a old_a christian_n here_o he_o will_v find_v a_o real_a and_o evident_a confutation_n of_o that_o senseless_a and_o absurd_a calumny_n that_o be_v fasten_v upon_o christianity_n as_o if_o it_o require_v no_o more_o than_o a_o easy_a and_o credulous_a temper_n of_o mind_n as_o if_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o kindness_n and_o indulgence_n to_o sinner_n it_o minister_v to_o all_o vice_n and_o wickedness_n celsus_n confident_o begin_v the_o charge_n there_o be_v some_o among_o the_o christian_n say_v he_o that_o will_v neither_o give_v nor_o receive_v a_o reason_n of_o their_o faith_n 282._o who_o be_v wont_a to_o cry_v out_o do_v examine_v but_o believe_v and_o thy_o faith_n will_v save_v thou_o the_o wisdom_n of_o this_o world_n be_v evil_a but_o foolishness_n good_a and_o useful_a julian_n carry_v on_o the_o charge_n somewhat_o high_o as_o if_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v not_o only_o content_a with_o a_o naked_a and_o a_o empty_a faith_n but_o give_v encouragement_n to_o sin_n by_o assure_v its_o most_o desperate_a proselyte_n of_o a_o easy_a pardon_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o caesar_n after_o he_o have_v assign_v the_o roman_a emperor_n their_o particular_a tutelar_a deity_n he_o deliver_v over_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n to_o the_o goddess_n of_o pleasure_n who_o have_v effeminate_o trick_v and_o dress_v he_o up_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o goddess_n asotia_n or_o intemperance_n where_o he_o find_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d his_o son_n constantius_n probable_o for_o the_o passage_n be_v a_o little_a disturb_a and_o obscure_a for_o which_o reason_n probable_o the_o translator_n pass_v it_o by_o and_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o it_o make_v this_o universal_a proclamation_n whoever_o be_v a_o adulterer_n 53._o or_o a_o murderer_n whoever_o be_v a_o impure_a profligate_v wretch_n let_v he_o come_v bold_o for_o i_o declare_v that_o be_v wash_v in_o this_o water_n baptism_n he_o shall_v immediate_o be_v cleanse_v nay_o although_o he_o again_o commit_v those_o sin_n let_v he_o but_o knock_v his_o breast_n and_o beat_v his_o head_n and_o i_o will_v make_v he_o clean_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n zosimus_n as_o good_a a_o friend_n to_o christianity_n as_o either_o of_o the_o former_a spiteful_o charge_v it_o upon_o constantine_n the_o great_a that_o be_v haunt_v with_o the_o conscience_n of_o his_o prodigious_a villainy_n and_o have_v no_o hope_n give_v he_o by_o the_o gentile_a priest_n
of_o god_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n to_o establish_v the_o most_o excellent_a religion_n that_o ever_o be_v communicate_v to_o mankind_n but_o he_o meet_v with_o the_o most_o fierce_a and_o vigorous_a opposition_n persecute_v and_o devote_v to_o death_n assoon_o as_o he_o be_v bear_v follow_v all_o his_o life_n with_o fresh_a assault_n of_o malice_n and_o cruelty_n his_o credit_n traduce_v and_o slander_v his_o doctrine_n despise_v and_o slight_v and_o himself_o at_o last_o put_v to_o death_n with_o the_o most_o exquisite_a art_n of_o torture_n &_o disgrace_n and_o if_o they_o thus_o serve_v the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n how_o much_o more_o they_o of_o the_o household_n the_o disciple_n not_o be_v above_o his_o master_n nor_o the_o servant_n above_o his_o lord_n therefore_o when_o he_o give_v commission_n to_o his_o apostle_n to_o publish_v this_o religion_n to_o the_o world_n he_o tell_v they_o beforehand_o what_o hard_a and_o unkind_a reception_n they_o must_v look_v to_o meet_v with_o that_o he_o send_v they_o forth_o as_o sheep_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o wolf_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o council_n and_o scourge_v in_o the_o synagogue_n and_o be_v bring_v before_o king_n and_o governor_n and_o be_v hate_v of_o all_o man_n for_o his_o name_n sake_n nay_o so_o high_a shall_v the_o quarrel_n arise_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n that_o man_n shall_v violate_v some_o of_o the_o near_a law_n of_o nature_n betray_v their_o friend_n and_o kinsfolk_n the_o brother_n deliver_v up_o the_o brother_n to_o death_n and_o the_o father_n the_o child_n the_o child_n rise_v up_o against_o their_o parent_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n this_o he_o well_o foresee_v and_o the_o event_n true_o answer_v it_o will_v be_v the_o fate_n of_o its_o first_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n and_o indeed_o consider_v the_o present_a state_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o world_n at_o that_o time_n it_o can_v not_o reasonable_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n shall_v meet_v with_o a_o better_a entertainment_n for_o the_o genius_n and_o nature_n of_o its_o doctrine_n be_v such_o as_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o escape_v the_o frown_n and_o displeasure_n of_o man_n a_o doctrine_n it_o be_v that_o call_v man_n off_o from_o lust_n and_o pleasure_n and_o offer_v violence_n to_o their_o native_a inclination_n that_o require_v the_o great_a strictness_n and_o severity_n of_o life_n oblige_a man_n to_o deny_v themselves_o to_o take_v up_o their_o cross_n and_o to_o follow_v the_o step_n of_o a_o poor_a crucify_a saviour_n and_o that_o upon_o little_a other_o encouragement_n at_o present_a than_o the_o invisible_a reward_n of_o another_o world_n it_o introduce_v new_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n unknown_a to_o those_o of_o former_a age_n and_o such_o as_o do_v undermine_v the_o receive_v and_o establish_v principle_n of_o that_o religion_n that_o for_o so_o many_o generation_n have_v govern_v the_o world_n it_o reveal_v and_o bring_v to_o light_v such_o truth_n as_o be_v not_o only_o contrary_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o man_n education_n but_o many_o of_o they_o above_o the_o reach_n of_o natural_a comprehension_n too_o deep_a for_o the_o line_n of_o humane_a reason_n to_o fathom_n or_o find_v out_o upon_o these_o and_o such_o like_a account_n christianity_n be_v sure_a to_o encounter_v with_o mighty_a prejudices_fw-la and_o potent_a opposition_n and_o to_o it_o do_v for_o no_o soon_o do_v it_o peep_v abroad_o in_o the_o world_n but_o it_o be_v every_o where_o speak_v against_o prince_n and_o potentate_n and_o the_o great_a power_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o world_n do_v for_o some_o age_n confederate_a and_o combine_v together_o to_o extirpate_v and_o banish_v it_o out_o of_o the_o world_n and_o certain_o if_o arm_n and_o army_n if_o strength_n and_o subtlety_n if_o malice_n and_o cruelty_n can_v have_v stifle_v it_o it_o have_v be_v smother_v in_o its_o infancy_n and_o first_o delivery_n into_o the_o world_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o opposition_n it_o still_o lift_v up_o his_o head_n in_o triumph_n and_o outbrave_v the_o fierce_a storm_n of_o persecution_n and_o as_o tertullian_n tell_v their_o enemy_n by_o every_o exquisite_a act_n of_o cruelty_n 40._o they_o do_v but_o tempt_v other_o to_o come_v over_o to_o the_o party_n the_o often_o they_o be_v mow_v down_o the_o fast_o they_o spring_v up_o again_o the_o blood_n of_o christian_n make_v the_o church_n soil_n more_o fat_a and_o fertile_a hereupon_o the_o great_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n betake_v himself_o to_o other_o counsel_n and_o seek_v to_o undermine_v what_o he_o see_v he_o can_v not_o carry_v by_o open_a assault_n and_o battery_n he_o study_v to_o leaven_n the_o mind_n of_o man_n with_o false_a and_o unjust_a prejudices_fw-la against_o christianity_n and_o to_o burden_v it_o with_o whole_a load_n of_o reproach_n and_o defamation_n know_v no_o speedy_a way_n to_o hinder_v its_o reception_n than_o to_o blast_v its_o reputation_n for_o this_o purpose_n all_o the_o art_n of_o spite_n and_o malice_n be_v muster_v up_o and_o christian_n confident_o charge_v with_o all_o those_o crime_n that_o can_v render_v they_o and_o their_o religion_n vile_a and_o infamous_a now_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o the_o christian_n be_v either_o such_o as_o respect_v their_o religion_n or_o such_o as_o concern_v their_o outward_a state_n and_o condition_n or_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o their_o moral_a carriage_n and_o behaviour_n with_o some_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o matter_n or_o manner_n of_o their_o worship_n we_o shall_v consider_v they_o in_o order_n and_o how_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n vindicate_v themselves_o from_o these_o imputation_n the_o christian_a religion_n at_o its_o first_o come_v abroad_o into_o the_o world_n be_v main_o charge_v with_o these_o two_o thing_n impiety_n and_o novelty_n for_o the_o first_o it_o be_v common_o cry_v out_o against_o as_o a_o grand_a piece_n of_o atheism_n and_o impiety_n as_o a_o affront_n to_o their_o religion_n and_o a_o undermine_a the_o very_a be_v and_o existence_n of_o their_o god_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o charge_n 47._o as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o ancient_a apologist_n 4_o more_o particular_o caecilius_n the_o heathen_a in_o minucius_n felix_n accuse_v the_o christian_n for_o a_o desperate_a undo_v and_o unlawful_a faction_n 7._o who_o by_o way_n of_o contempt_n do_v snuff_n and_o spit_v at_o the_o mention_n of_o their_o god_n deride_v their_o worship_n sooff_o at_o their_o priest_n and_o despise_v their_o temple_n as_o no_o better_a than_o charnel-house_n and_o heap_n of_o bone_n and_o ash_n of_o the_o dead_a for_o these_o and_o such_o like_a reason_n the_o christian_n be_v every_o where_o account_v a_o pack_n of_o atheist_n and_o their_o religion_n the_o atheism_n and_o seldom_o it_o be_v that_o julian_n the_o emperor_n call_v christianity_n by_o any_o other_o name_n 2._o thus_o lucian_n bring_v in_o alexander_n the_o impostor_n set_v up_o for_o a_o oracle-monger_n rank_n the_o christian_n with_o atheist_n and_o epicurean_o as_o those_o that_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v banish_v from_o his_o mysterious_a rite_n in_o answer_n to_o this_o charge_n the_o christian_n plead_v especial_o these_o three_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o gentile_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n incompetent_a judge_n of_o such_o case_n as_o these_o as_o be_v almost_o whole_o ignorant_a of_o the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o therefore_o unfit_a to_o pronounce_v sentence_n against_o it_o thus_o when_o crescens_n the_o philosopher_n have_v traduce_v the_o christian_n as_o atheistical_a and_o irreligious_a justin_n martyr_n answer_v laud._n that_o he_o talk_v about_o thing_n which_o he_o do_v not_o understand_v feign_v thing_n of_o his_o own_o head_n only_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o seduce_v disciple_n and_o follower_n that_o in_o reproach_v the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n when_o he_o do_v not_o understand_v it_o he_o discover_v a_o most_o wicked_a and_o malignant_a temper_n and_o show_v himself_o far_o worse_o than_o the_o most_o simple_a and_o unlearned_a who_o be_v not_o wont_n rash_o to_o bear_v witness_n and_o determine_v in_o thing_n not_o sufficient_o know_v to_o they_o or_o if_o he_o do_v understand_v its_o greatness_n and_o excellency_n than_o he_o show_v himself_o much_o more_o base_a and_o disingenuous_a in_o charge_v upon_o it_o what_o he_o know_v to_o be_v false_a and_o conceal_v his_o inward_a sentiment_n and_o conviction_n for_o fear_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v suspect_v to_o be_v a_o christian_n but_o justin_n well_o know_v that_o he_o be_v miserable_o unskilful_a in_o matter_n of_o christianity_n have_v former_o have_v conference_n and_o disputation_n with_o he_o about_o these_o thing_n and_o therefore_o offer_v the_o senate_n of_o rome_n to_o who_o he_o then_o present_v his_o
to_o nature_n and_o reason_n and_o to_o a_o life_n of_o temperance_n and_o all_o other_o virtue_n and_o the_o same_o he_o urge_v frequent_o in_o other_o place_n and_o what_o great_a kindness_n and_o benefit_n can_v be_v do_v to_o man_n 427._o do_v celsus_n call_v upon_o we_o say_v he_o to_o bear_v office_n for_o the_o good_a of_o our_o country_n let_v he_o know_v that_o the_o country_n be_v much_o more_o beholden_a to_o christian_n than_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o man_n while_o they_o teach_v man_n piety_n towards_o god_n the_o tutelar_a guardian_n of_o the_o country_n and_o show_v they_o the_o way_n to_o that_o heavenly_a city_n that_o be_v above_o which_o they_o that_o live_v well_o may_v attain_v to_o though_o here_o they_o dwell_v in_o the_o small_a city_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o do_v the_o christian_n thus_o employ_v themselves_o 428._o because_o they_o shun_v the_o public_a office_n of_o the_o civil_a life_n but_o only_o reserve_v themselves_o for_o the_o more_o divine_a and_o ncessary_a service_n of_o the_o church_n in_o order_n to_o the_o good_a and_o happiness_n of_o man_n for_o this_o they_o think_v very_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v take_v care_n of_o all_o man_n of_o they_o of_o their_o own_o party_n that_o they_o may_v every_o day_n make_v they_o better_o of_o other_o that_o they_o may_v draw_v they_o to_o the_o belief_n and_o practice_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n that_o so_o worship_v god_n in_o truth_n and_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o instruct_v other_o they_o may_v be_v unite_v to_o the_o great_a god_n and_o to_o his_o bless_a son_n who_o be_v the_o wisdom_n truth_n and_o righteousness_n and_o by_o who_o it_o be_v that_o every_o one_o be_v convert_v to_o a_o pious_a and_o religious_a life_n theodoret_n discourse_v against_o the_o gentile_n 128._o of_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n above_o any_o that_o be_v give_v by_o the_o best_a philosopher_n or_o wise_a man_n among_o the_o heathen_n give_v they_o instance_n of_o whole_a nation_n who_o christianity_n have_v bring_v off_o from_o the_o most_o brutish_a and_o savage_a manner_n he_o tell_v they_o of_o the_o persian_n who_o by_o the_o law_n give_v they_o by_o zarada_n live_v in_o incestuous_a mixture_n with_o their_o own_o mother_n sister_n and_o daughter_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o lawful_a and_o warrantable_a practice_n till_o entertain_v christianity_n they_o throw_v off_o those_o abominable_a law_n and_o submit_v to_o that_o temperance_n and_o chastity_n which_o the_o gospel_n require_v of_o we_o and_o whereas_o before_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o cast_v out_o the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a to_o be_v devour_v by_o beast_n and_o bird_n of_o prey_n since_o they_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n they_o abstain_v from_o that_o piece_n of_o inhumanity_n and_o decent_o commit_v they_o to_o the_o earth_n from_o which_o they_o can_v not_o be_v restrain_v either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o their_o country_n or_o the_o bitterness_n of_o those_o torment_n which_o they_o undergo_v the_o massagetes_n who_o think_v it_o the_o most_o miserable_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n to_o die_v any_o other_o than_o a_o violent_a death_n and_o therefore_o make_v a_o law_n that_o all_o person_n arrive_v to_o old_a age_n shall_v be_v offer_v in_o sacrifice_n and_o eat_v no_o soon_o submit_v to_o christianity_n but_o abhor_v those_o barbarous_a and_o abominable_a custom_n the_o tibarens_n who_o use_v to_o throw_v age_a person_n down_o the_o steep_a rock_n leave_v it_o off_o upon_o their_o embrace_v of_o the_o gospel_n upon_o the_o same_o account_n the_o hyrcani_n and_o the_o caspian_o reform_v their_o manner_n who_o be_v former_o wont_n to_o keep_v dog_n on_o purpose_n to_o devour_v the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a nor_o do_v the_o scythian_n any_o long_a together_o with_o their_o dead_a bury_v those_o alive_a who_o have_v be_v their_o near_a friend_n and_o kindred_n so_o great_a a_o change_n say_v my_o author_n do_v the_o law_n of_o christ_n make_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n and_o so_o easy_o be_v the_o most_o barbarous_a nation_n persuade_v to_o entertain_v they_o a_o thing_n which_o plato_n though_o the_o best_a of_o all_o philosopher_n can_v never_o effect_v among_o the_o athenian_n his_o own_o fellow_n citizen_n who_o can_v never_o induce_v they_o to_o govern_v the_o commonwealth_n according_a to_o those_o law_n and_o institution_n which_o he_o have_v prescribe_v they_o nay_o where_o the_o gospel_n do_v not_o produce_v this_o effect_n to_o reclaim_v man_n from_o their_o vice_n and_o vanity_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o over_o to_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o crucify_a saviour_n yet_o have_v it_o this_o excellent_a influence_n upon_o the_o world_n that_o it_o general_o teach_v they_o better_a lesson_n refine_v their_o understanding_n and_o fill_v their_o mind_n with_o more_o useful_a and_o practical_a notion_n about_o religion_n than_o they_o have_v before_o to_o which_o purpose_n it_o be_v main_o observable_a that_o those_o philosopher_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o christianity_n after_o the_o gospel_n public_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n write_v in_o a_o much_o more_o divine_a strain_n entertain_v more_o honourable_a and_o worthy_a sentiment_n about_o god_n and_o religion_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o their_o several_a capacity_n than_o those_o of_o their_o sect_n that_o go_v before_o they_o of_o which_o i_o conceive_v no_o account_n can_v be_v give_v so_o satisfactory_a as_o this_o that_o the_o genius_n and_o spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n begin_v then_o to_o fly_v abroad_o and_o to_o breathe_v in_o a_o free_a air_n and_o so_o can_v not_o but_o leave_v some_o tincture_n and_o savour_n upon_o the_o spirit_n of_o man_n though_o its_o most_o inveterate_a enemy_n 33._o beside_o that_o many_o of_o they_o do_v more_o near_o converse_v with_o the_o write_n of_o christianity_n which_o they_o read_v either_o out_o of_o curiosity_n or_o with_o a_o design_n to_o confute_v and_o answer_v they_o this_o doubtless_o sharpen_v the_o edge_n of_o their_o understanding_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o better_a notion_n more_o useful_a precept_n and_o rule_n of_o life_n than_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o any_o of_o the_o old_a philosopher_n witness_v those_o excellent_a and_o uncommon_a strain_n of_o piety_n that_o run_v through_o the_o write_n of_o seneca_n epictetus_n antoninus_n arrian_n plutarch_n hierocles_n plotinus_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o live_v in_o those_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n of_o which_o i_o can_v give_v considerable_a instance_n be_v it_o necessary_a to_o my_o purpose_n i_o shall_v only_o as_o a_o specimen_fw-la set_v down_o that_o prayer_n wherewith_o simplicius_n enemy_n enough_o to_o christianity_n conclude_v his_o comment_n upon_o epictetus_n and_o thus_o he_o make_v his_o address_n to_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 331._o i_o beseech_v thou_o o_o lord_n thou_o that_o be_v the_o father_n and_o guide_n of_o our_o rational_a power_n grant_v that_o we_o may_v be_v mindful_a of_o those_o noble_a and_o generous_a nature_n with_o which_o thou_o have_v invest_v we_o and_o assist_v we_o that_o as_o person_n endue_v with_o self-moving_a principle_n we_o may_v cleanse_v ourselves_o from_o all_o bodily_a and_o brutish_a passion_n that_o we_o may_v subdue_v and_o govern_v they_o and_o in_o a_o due_a and_o decent_a manner_n use_v they_o only_o as_o organ_n and_o instrument_n help_v we_o through_o the_o light_n of_o the_o truth_n accurate_o to_o correct_v our_o reason_n and_o to_o unite_v it_o to_o those_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o real_a existence_n and_o in_o the_o three_o place_n i_o beseech_v my_o saviour_n that_o he_o will_v perfect_o dispel_v the_o mist_n that_o be_v before_o the_o eye_n of_o our_o mind_n that_o according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o poet_n we_o may_v right_o understand_v what_o belong_v either_o to_o god_n or_o man_n beside_o the_o matter_n of_o this_o prayer_n which_o be_v very_o sublime_a and_o spiritual_a the_o manner_n of_o its_o composure_n be_v considerable_a consist_v of_o three_o part_n and_o those_o address_v as_o it_o be_v to_o three_o person_n answerable_a to_o those_o in_o the_o bless_a trinity_n the_o lord_n or_o father_n the_o saviour_n or_o christ_n and_o the_o light_n of_o truth_n which_o even_o in_o scripture_n be_v a_o common_a periphrasis_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n whether_o he_o intend_v this_o i_o will_v not_o say_v sure_o i_o be_o it_o look_v very_o like_o it_o but_o enough_o of_o this_o second_o that_o they_o ordinary_o wrought_v such_o miracle_n as_o be_v incomparable_o beneficial_a to_o the_o world_n in_o cure_v disease_n raise_v the_o dead_a and_o rescue_v possess_v person_n from_o the_o merciless_a rage_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o devil_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o in_o those_o primitive_a time_n there_o be_v innumerable_a multitude_n of_o possess_a person_n beyond_o what_o be_v
in_o the_o age_n either_o before_o or_o since_o the_o divine_a providence_n doubtless_o permit_v it_o to_o be_v so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n there_o may_v be_v a_o fair_a occasion_n of_o commend_v christianity_n to_o the_o world_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o which_o we_o more_o common_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n than_o testimony_n concern_v their_o triumphant_a power_n over_o evil_a spirit_n justin_n martyr_n discourse_v of_o the_o end_n of_o christ_n come_v into_o the_o world_n 45._o for_o the_o salvation_n of_o man_n and_o the_o subversion_n of_o devil_n tell_v the_o senate_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v so_o you_o may_v know_v by_o what_o be_v do_v before_o your_o eye_n for_o many_o that_o be_v possess_v by_o devil_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o even_o in_o this_o city_n of_o you_o who_o all_o your_o enchanter_n sorcerer_n and_o conjurer_n be_v not_o able_a to_o cure_v many_o of_o we_o christian_n adjure_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n christ_n who_o be_v crucify_v under_o pontius_n pilate_n have_v perfect_o cure_v and_o do_v still_o cure_v disarm_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o man_n those_o daemon_n that_o have_v seize_v upon_o they_o and_o the_o same_o he_o affirm_v more_o than_o once_o and_o again_o in_o his_o discourse_n with_o trypho_n the_o jew_n 218._o ironaeus_fw-la argue_v against_o the_o heretic_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o true_a disciple_n of_o christ_n do_v in_o his_o name_n many_o strange_a thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o other_o according_a as_o every_o one_o have_v receive_v his_o gift_n some_o so_o signal_o expelling_a devil_n that_o those_o out_o of_o who_o they_o be_v cast_v come_v over_o to_o the_o faith_n other_o foretell_v future_a event_n other_o cure_n man_n of_o the_o most_o grievous_a distemper_n by_o put_v their_o hand_n upon_o they_o and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o former_a health_n many_o that_o have_v be_v raise_v from_o the_o dead_a and_o afterward_o live_v many_o year_n among_o we_o and_o indeed_o innumerable_a say_v he_o be_v the_o gift_n which_o god_n have_v every_o where_o bestow_v upon_o his_o church_n whereby_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o crucify_a jesus_n many_o and_o great_a miracle_n be_v daily_o do_v to_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o world_n 69._o tertullian_n appeal_v to_o the_o heathen_n as_o a_o thing_n common_o know_v among_o they_o that_o they_o daily_o restrain_v the_o power_n of_o devil_n and_o cast_v they_o out_o of_o man_n 71._o and_o he_o tell_v scapula_n the_o precedent_n that_o he_o may_v be_v satisfy_v of_o this_o from_o his_o own_o record_n and_o those_o very_a advocate_n who_o have_v themselves_o reap_v this_o benefit_n from_o christian_n as_o for_o instance_n a_o certain_a notary_n and_o the_o kinsman_n and_o child_n of_o another_o beside_o divers_a other_o person_n of_o note_n and_o quality_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o mean_a sort_n who_o have_v be_v recover_v either_o from_o devil_n or_o from_o desperate_a disease_n nay_o severus_n the_o father_n of_o antoninus_n have_v be_v cure_v by_o be_v anoint_v with_o oil_n by_o proculus_n a_o christian_n he_o keep_v he_o in_o his_o palace_n till_o his_o death_n who_o antoninus_n know_v well_o have_v be_v himself_o nurse_v by_o a_o christian_a and_o in_o his_o apology_n he_o challenge_v the_o heathen_n to_o produce_v any_o possess_a person_n before_o the_o public_a tribunal_n and_o the_o evil_a spirit_n be_v command_v by_o any_o christian_a shall_v then_o as_o true_o confess_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o devil_n as_o at_o other_o time_n he_o false_o boast_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o god_n and_o elsewhere_o put_v the_o case_n that_o the_o christian_n shall_v agree_v to_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a empire_n 30._o he_o ask_v they_o what_o protection_n they_o will_v then_o have_v leave_v against_o the_o secret_a and_o invisible_a attempt_n of_o devil_n 376._o who_o make_v such_o havoc_n both_o of_o their_o soul_n and_o body_n who_o the_o christian_n so_o free_o expel_v and_o drive_v out_o 23_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a piece_n of_o revenge_n that_o hereby_o they_o shall_v leave_v they_o open_v to_o the_o uncontrolled_a possession_n of_o those_o evil_a spirit_n it_o be_v endless_a to_o produce_v all_o the_o testimony_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o may_v be_v fetch_v from_o origen_n minucius_n faelix_fw-la 13._o cyprian_n arnobius_n lactantius_n eusebius_n 220._o and_o all_o the_o old_a apologist_n for_o the_o christian_a religion_n some_o whereof_o i_o have_v brief_o note_v in_o the_o margin_n who_o constant_o plead_v this_o as_o a_o mighty_a and_o uncontrollable_a argument_n of_o the_o truth_n and_o divinity_n of_o their_o religion_n 132._o and_o of_o their_o great_a usefulness_n to_o mankind_n nay_o this_o miraculous_a power_n continue_v in_o the_o church_n some_o considerable_a time_n after_o constantine_n and_o the_o world_n be_v become_v christian_a 1339._o as_o appear_v from_o s._n basil_n nazianzen_n and_o other_o and_o though_o i_o do_v not_o give_v heed_n to_o all_o the_o miracle_n which_o be_v report_v by_o s._n hierom_n 876._o in_o the_o life_n of_o hilarion_n paulus_n and_o some_o other_o or_o by_o palladius_n in_o his_o historia_n lausiaca_n yet_o doubtless_o many_o of_o they_o be_v very_o true_a and_o real_a lat._n god_n withdraw_v this_o extraordinary_a power_n as_o christianity_n gain_v fast_o foot_n in_o the_o world_n and_o leave_v the_o church_n to_o those_o stand_a method_n by_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v manage_v and_o govern_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o case_n be_v thus_o plain_a and_o evident_a how_o much_o the_o world_n be_v behold_v to_o christian_n yet_o be_v they_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o pest_n of_o humane_a society_n count_v and_o call_v the_o common_a enemy_n of_o mankind_n 30._o as_o tertullian_n complain_v that_o they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o public_a calamity_n and_o that_o for_o their_o sake_n it_o be_v that_o vengeance_n do_v so_o often_o remarkable_o haunt_v the_o roman_a empire_n this_o be_v the_o common_a outcry_n if_o the_o city_n be_v besiege_v say_v tertullian_n if_o any_o thing_n happen_v ill_a in_o the_o field_n 2._o in_o the_o garrison_n in_o the_o island_n present_o they_o cry_v out_o '_o it_o be_v because_o of_o the_o christian_n 32._o they_o conspire_v the_o ruin_n of_o good_a man_n and_o thirst_n after_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o innocent_a patronise_a their_o hatred_n with_o this_o vain_a pretence_n that_o the_o christian_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o public_a misfortune_n and_o calamity_n if_o tiber_n overflow_v the_o wall_n if_o the_o nile_n do_v not_o as_o it_o be_v wont_n overflow_v the_o field_n if_o the_o heaven_n do_v not_o keep_v its_o accustom_a course_n if_o a_o earthquake_n happen_v if_o a_o famine_n or_o a_o plague_n present_o the_o cry_n be_v away_o with_o the_o christian_n to_o the_o lion_n thus_o demetrian_a the_o proconsul_n of_o afric_n object_v to_o s._n cyprian_n 197._o that_o they_o may_v thank_v the_o christian_n that_o war_n do_v often_o arise_v that_o plague_n and_o famine_n do_v rage_n so_o much_o and_o that_o immoderate_a and_o excessive_a rain_v hinder_v the_o kindly_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o same_o 1._o arnobius_n tell_v we_o the_o heathen_n be_v wont_a to_o object_v at_o every_o turn_n and_o to_o conclude_v it_o as_o sure_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v dictate_v by_o a_o oracle_n that_o since_o the_o christian_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n the_o world_n have_v be_v well-nigh_o undo_v mankind_n have_v be_v overrun_v with_o infinite_a kind_n of_o evil_a and_o the_o very_a god_n themselves_o have_v withdraw_v that_o solemn_a care_n and_o providence_n wherewith_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o superintend_v humane_a affair_n nay_o so_o hot_a and_o common_a be_v this_o charge_n among_o the_o pagan_n that_o when_o the_o goth_n and_o vandal_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o roman_a empire_n s._n augustine_n be_v force_v to_o write_v those_o excellent_a book_n de_fw-fr civit._fw-la dei_fw-la 52._o purposely_o to_o stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o this_o objection_n as_o upon_o the_o same_o account_n and_o at_o his_o request_n orosius_n write_v his_o seven_o book_n of_o history_n against_o the_o pagan_n aug._n omit_v some_o of_o the_o answer_v give_v by_o the_o father_n as_o be_v probable_o less_o solid_a and_o not_o so_o proper_a in_o this_o case_n such_o as_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o misery_n happen_v and_o thing_n grow_v worse_a in_o this_o old_a age_n of_o time_n the_o world_n daily_o grow_v more_o feeble_a and_o decrepit_a and_o that_o these_o thing_n have_v be_v foretell_v by_o god_n 199._o and_o therefore_o must_v necessary_o come_v to_o pass_v two_o argument_n large_o and_o strong_o plead_v by_o s._n cyprian_a that_o those_o evil_n be_v proper_o resolvable_a into_o natural_a cause_n and_o that_o every_o thing_n be_v
threefold_a apparition_n or_o manifestation_n commemorate_a upon_o that_o day_n which_o all_o happen_v though_o not_o in_o the_o same_o year_n yet_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o year_n the_o first_o be_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o star_n which_o guide_v the_o wise_a man_n to_o christ_n the_o second_o be_v the_o famous_a appearance_n at_o the_o baptism_n of_o christ_n when_o all_o the_o person_n in_o the_o holy_a trinity_n do_v sensible_o manifest_v themselves_o the_o father_n in_o the_o voice_n from_o heaven_n the_o son_n in_o the_o river_n jordan_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o visible_a shape_n of_o a_o dove_n this_o be_v ever_o account_v a_o famous_a festival_n and_o as_o s._n chrysostom_n tell_v we_o 278._o be_v proper_o call_v epiphany_n because_o he_o come_v in_o a_o manner_n into_o the_o world_n incognito_o but_o at_o his_o baptism_n open_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o be_v so_o declare_v before_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v that_o by_o his_o go_v into_o the_o river_n jordan_n he_o do_v sanctify_v water_n to_o the_o mystical_a wash_n away_o of_o sin_n as_o our_o church_n express_v it_o in_o memory_n whereof_o ibid._n chrysostom_n tell_v we_o they_o use_v in_o this_o solemnity_n at_o midnight_n to_o draw_v water_n which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o consecrate_a this_o day_n and_o carry_v it_o home_o to_o lay_v it_o up_o where_o it_o will_v remain_v pure_a and_o uncorrupt_a for_o a_o whole_a year_n sometime_o two_o or_o three_o year_n together_o the_o truth_n whereof_o must_v rest_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o that_o good_a man_n the_o three_o manifestation_n commemorate_a at_o this_o time_n be_v that_o of_o christ_n divinity_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o first_o miracle_n that_o he_o wrought_v in_o turn_v water_n into_o wine_n therefore_o it_o be_v call_v bethphania_fw-la because_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o house_n at_o that_o famous_a marriage_n in_o cana_n of_o galilee_n which_o our_o saviour_n honour_v with_o his_o own_o presence_n all_o these_o three_o appearance_n contribute_v to_o the_o solemnity_n of_o this_o festival_n but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o festival_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n keep_v in_o commemoration_n of_o martyr_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o those_o sad_a and_o bloody_a time_n when_o the_o christian_a religion_n triumph_v over_o persecution_n and_o gain_v upon_o the_o world_n by_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o constant_a and_o resolute_a suffering_n of_o its_o professor_n who_o no_o threaten_n or_o torment_n can_v baffle_v out_o of_o it_o the_o people_n general_o have_v a_o vast_a reverence_n for_o those_o who_o suffer_v thus_o deep_a in_o the_o cause_n of_o christianity_n and_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o they_o look_v upon_o confessor_n and_o martyr_n as_o the_o great_a champion_n of_o their_o religion_n who_o resist_v unto_o blood_n and_o die_v upon_o the_o spot_n to_o make_v good_a its_o ground_n and_o to_o maintain_v its_o honour_n and_o reputation_n and_o therefore_o think_v it_o very_o reasonable_a to_o do_v all_o possible_a honour_n to_o their_o memory_n partly_o that_o other_o may_v be_v encourage_v to_o the_o like_a patience_n and_o fortitude_n and_o partly_o that_o virtue_n even_o in_o this_o world_n may_v not_o lose_v its_o reward_n hence_o they_o be_v wont_n once_o a_o year_n to_o meet_v at_o the_o grave_n of_o martyr_n there_o solemn_o to_o recite_v their_o suffering_n and_o their_o triumph_n to_o praise_v their_o virtue_n and_o to_o bless_v god_n for_o their_o pious_a example_n for_o their_o holy_a life_n and_o their_o happy_a death_n for_o their_o palm_n and_o crown_n these_o anniversary_n solemnity_n be_v call_v memoriae_fw-la martyrum_fw-la the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n a_o title_n mention_v by_o cyprian_a but_o certain_o much_o old_a than_o his_o time_n 51._o and_o indeed_o when_o they_o be_v first_o take_v up_o in_o the_o church_n be_v i_o think_v not_o so_o exact_o know_v the_o first_o that_o i_o remember_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o be_v that_o of_o polycarp_n who_o martyrdom_n be_v place_v by_o eusebius_n anno_fw-la 168._o 168._o under_o the_o three_o persecution_n concern_v who_o death_n and_o suffering_n the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n of_o which_o he_o be_v bishop_n give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o church_n of_o philomelium_n 135._o and_o especial_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o have_v honourable_o entomb_v his_o bone_n they_o do_v profess_v that_o so_o far_o as_o the_o malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n will_v permit_v they_o and_o they_o pray_v god_n nothing_o may_v hinder_v it_o they_o will_v assemble_v in_o that_o place_n and_o celebrate_v the_o birthday_n of_o his_o martyrdom_n with_o joy_n and_o gladness_n where_o we_o may_v especial_o observe_v that_o this_o solemnity_n be_v style_v his_o birthday_n and_o indeed_o so_o the_o primitive_a christian_n use_v to_o call_v the_o day_n of_o their_o death_n and_o passion_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gentile_n who_o keep_v the_o natalitials_n of_o their_o famous_a man_n look_v upon_o these_o as_o the_o true_a day_n of_o their_o nativity_n wherein_o they_o be_v free_v from_o this_o valley_n of_o tear_n these_o region_n of_o death_n and_o bear_v again_o unto_o the_o joy_n and_o happiness_n of_o a_o endless_a life_n the_o same_o account_n origen_n give_v if_o that_o book_n be_v his_o a_o very_a ancient_a author_n however_o we_o keep_v say_v he_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o saint_n 2._o of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o friend_n that_o die_v in_o the_o faith_n both_o rejoice_v in_o that_o rest_n which_o they_o have_v obtain_v and_o beg_v for_o ourselves_o a_o pious_a consummation_n in_o the_o faith_n and_o we_o celebrate_v not_o the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n as_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o sorrow_n and_o temptation_n but_o of_o their_o death_n as_o the_o period_n of_o their_o misery_n and_o that_o which_o set_v they_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o temptation_n and_o this_o we_o do_v both_o clergy_n and_o people_n meet_v together_o invite_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a and_o refresh_v the_o widow_n and_o the_o orphan_n that_o so_o our_o festival_n may_v be_v both_o in_o respect_n of_o they_o who_o we_o commemorate_v the_o memorial_n of_o that_o happy_a rest_n which_o their_o depart_a soul_n do_v enjoy_v and_o in_o respect_n of_o we_o the_o odour_n of_o a_o sweet_a smell_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n under_o constantine_n these_o day_n be_v command_v to_o be_v observe_v with_o great_a care_n and_o strictness_n 536._o enjoin_v all_o his_o lieutenant_n and_o governor_n of_o province_n to_o see_v the_o memorial_n of_o the_o martyr_n due_o honour_v and_o so_o sacred_a be_v they_o account_v in_o those_o day_n that_o it_o be_v think_v a_o piece_n of_o profaneness_n to_o be_v absent_a from_o they_o therefore_o s._n basil_n think_v he_o can_v not_o use_v a_o more_o solemn_a argument_n 328._o to_o persuade_v a_o certain_a bishop_n to_o come_v over_o to_o he_o upon_o this_o occasion_n than_o to_o adjure_v he_o by_o the_o respect_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o for_o he_o yet_o he_o shall_v for_o their_o sake_n towards_o who_o it_o be_v unfit_a he_o shall_v show_v the_o least_o disregard_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o libanius_n sometime_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o christian_n under_o no_o other_o character_n than_o this_o 592._o enemy_n to_o the_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o haunt_v and_o frequent_a tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n for_o the_o time_n of_o these_o assembly_n it_o be_v common_o once_o a_o year_n viz._n upon_o the_o day_n of_o their_o martyrdom_n for_o which_o end_n they_o take_v particular_a care_n to_o keep_v register_n of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o martyr_n passion_n so_o cyprian_n express_o charge_v his_o clergy_n to_o note_v down_o the_o day_n of_o their_o decease_n annot_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o commemoration_n of_o they_o among_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n theodoret_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o do_v not_o thus_o assemble_v once_o or_o twice_o 121._o or_o five_o time_n in_o a_o year_n but_o keep_v frequent_a memorial_n oftentimes_o every_o day_n celebrate_v the_o memorial_n of_o martyr_n with_o hymn_n and_o praise_n unto_o god_n but_o i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v it_o of_o day_n appoint_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o particular_a martyr_n which_o be_v then_o very_o numerous_a their_o memorial_n be_v distinct_o fix_v upon_o their_o proper_a day_n the_o festival_n of_o s._n peter_n or_o s._n paul_n thomas_n sergius_n marcellus_n etc._n etc._n as_o he_o there_o enumerate_v they_o for_o the_o place_n these_o solemnity_n be_v keep_v at_o first_o at_o the_o tomb_n where_o the_o martyr_n have_v be_v bury_v which_o usual_o be_v in_o the_o
the_o several_a mode_n and_o garb_n of_o bravery_n among_o woman_n yet_o she_o think_v none_o so_o honourable_a as_o the_o manner_n of_o her_o life_n and_o that_o inward_a brightness_n that_o be_v lodge_v in_o her_o mind_n the_o only_a redness_n that_o please_v she_o be_v that_o which_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o blush_v and_o modesty_n no_o other_o whiteness_n but_o what_o come_v through_o fast_v and_o abstinence_n leave_v fucu_n and_o painting_n and_o live_a picture_n and_o fade_a beauty_n to_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o play_n and_o theatre_n and_o to_o such_o for_o who_o to_o blush_v and_o be_v ashamed_a be_v a_o shame_n and_o a_o disgrace_n to_o which_o i_o add_v that_o of_o tertullian_n fin_n who_o after_o he_o have_v smart_o condemn_v and_o confute_v the_o art_n of_o unlawful_a beauty_n the_o vanity_n of_o go_v in_o too_o curious_a costly_a and_o excessive_a dress_n conclude_v with_o this_o counsel_n to_o the_o woman_n of_o his_o time_n to_o clothe_v themselves_o with_o the_o silk_n of_o honesty_n the_o fine_a vesture_n of_o piety_n the_o purple_a of_o modesty_n and_o be_v thus_o beautify_v and_o adorn_v say_v he_o god_n himself_o will_v be_v your_o lover_n chap._n iu._n of_o their_o great_a temperance_n and_o abstinence_n a_o vicious_a curiosity_n about_o meat_n and_o drink_v a_o great_a temptation_n severe_o forbid_v by_o the_o christian_a law_n the_o ancient_a christian_n curious_a only_o of_o such_o diet_n as_o minister_v to_o health_n they_o gratify_v not_o ease_n and_o delicacy_n the_o great_a inconvenience_n of_o intemperance_n either_o in_o meat_n or_o drink_n their_o chief_a care_n about_o spiritual_a food_n for_o other_o thing_n content_a with_o any_o provision_n manifest_v in_o several_a instance_n a_o overnice_a and_o superstitious_a abstinence_n from_o some_o kind_n of_o food_n condemn_v the_o instance_n of_o alcibiades_n the_o martyr_n out_o of_o eusebius_n christian_n unjust_o accuse_v by_o the_o heathen_n of_o excess_n and_o prodigality_n in_o their_o feast_n thyestean_a supper_n lay_v to_o their_o charge_n the_o charge_n in_o both_o part_n of_o it_o deny_v and_o full_o refute_v by_o tertullian_n and_o other_o christian_a apologist_n among_o the_o many_o temptation_n that_o besiege_v the_o life_n of_o man_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o into_o which_o we_o be_v more_o easy_o betray_v than_o into_o a_o vicious_a curiosity_n about_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o the_o excess_n of_o a_o unruly_a appetite_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v so_o frequent_o inculcate_v upon_o we_o the_o precept_n of_o sobriety_n and_o temperance_n to_o be_v temperate_a in_o all_o thing_n to_o watch_v and_o be_v sober_a to_o cast_v off_o the_o work_n of_o darkness_n to_o walk_v honest_o as_o in_o the_o day_n not_o in_o riot_v and_o drunkenness_n not_o in_o chamber_v and_o wantonness_n not_o in_o excess_n of_o wine_n revel_n and_o banquet_n to_o take_v heed_n that_o our_o heart_n be_v not_o at_o any_o time_n overcharge_v with_o surfeit_v and_o drunkenness_n and_o that_o we_o be_v not_o as_o the_o man_n of_o the_o old_a world_n brutish_o take_v up_o with_o eat_v and_o drink_v when_o the_o flood_n come_v and_o sweep_v all_o away_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n command_v we_o to_o fast_o often_o to_o keep_v under_o the_o body_n and_o to_o make_v no_o provision_n for_o the_o flesh_n if_o nature_n regular_o govern_v be_v content_a with_o little_a religion_n will_v teach_v we_o to_o be_v content_a with_o less_o these_o rule_v the_o first_o christian_n exact_o transcribe_v into_o their_o life_n be_v the_o great_a instance_n of_o real_a abstinence_n and_o mortification_n which_o they_o both_o practise_v themselves_o and_o press_v upon_o other_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o god_n have_v give_v man_n a_o charter_n of_o freedom_n indifferent_o to_o use_v the_o creature_n and_o to_o enjoy_v they_o in_o some_o degree_n not_o only_o for_o necessity_n but_o delight_n but_o yet_o be_v afraid_a to_o go_v so_o far_o as_o they_o may_v or_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v look_v towards_o excess_n or_o argue_v a_o irregular_a and_o unsober_a mind_n they_o content_v themselves_o with_o such_o provision_n as_o be_v conducive_a to_o health_n and_o strength_n without_o any_o study_a seek_v after_o those_o that_o be_v more_o luscious_a and_o delightful_a 560._o it_o be_v very_o true_a what_o s._n basil_n observe_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o man_n different_a age_n and_o course_n of_o life_n their_o different_a temper_n and_o constitution_n of_o body_n and_o other_o circumstance_n no_o one_o fix_a and_o certain_a rule_n can_v be_v prescribe_v in_o this_o case_n but_o yet_o our_o food_n and_o diet_n ought_v for_o the_o main_a to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o general_a end_n of_o it_o which_o be_v not_o wanton_o to_o please_v the_o palate_n but_o to_o minister_v to_o health_n and_o to_o repair_v the_o weakness_n and_o decay_n of_o nature_n many_o say_v clemens_n alexandrinus_n like_o brute_n beast_n live_v only_o that_o they_o may_v eat_v 139._o but_o for_o we_o we_o be_v command_v to_o eat_v that_o we_o may_v live_v for_o food_n and_o pleasure_n be_v not_o the_o work_n and_o design_n for_o which_o we_o live_v in_o the_o world_n our_o residence_n here_o be_v in_o order_n to_o a_o incorruptible_a life_n and_o therefore_o our_o nourishment_n ought_v to_o be_v easy_a and_o simple_a and_o such_o as_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o two_o main_a end_n of_o life_n health_n and_o strength_n we_o ought_v to_o choose_v such_o food_n as_o justin_n martyr_n tell_v his_o friend_n not_o as_o may_v gratify_v our_o ease_n and_o delicacy_n 506._o but_o make_v our_o life_n useful_a and_o serviceable_a and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n overtake_v with_o want_n we_o shall_v quiet_o acquiesce_v in_o that_o state_n and_o therefore_o a_o little_a after_o he_o smart_o declaim_v against_o all_o excess_n 512_o wine_n say_v he_o be_v neither_o to_o be_v drink_v daily_o to_o excess_n nor_o to_o be_v use_v as_o common_o as_o water_n both_o indeed_o be_v god_n creature_n but_o water_n necessary_a wine_n give_v only_o to_o help_v and_o relieve_v the_o body_n which_o immoderate_o take_a chain_n up_o the_o tongue_n sparkle_v fire_n out_o of_o the_o eye_n make_v the_o leg_n tremble_v and_o the_o understanding_n be_v go_v ready_o take_v off_o its_o cup_n of_o deadly_a poison_n contrary_a to_o god_n ordination_n it_o turn_v the_o peaceful_a instrument_n of_o husbandry_n into_o sword_n and_o spear_n it_o may_v indeed_o be_v necessary_a spare_o to_o drink_n wine_n both_o winter_n and_o summer_n but_o he_o that_o drink_v it_o to_o excess_n as_o a_o man_n that_o take_v overmuch_o of_o a_o medicine_n like_o a_o dog_n or_o a_o swine_n betray_v his_o own_o shame_n but_o above_o all_o man_n in_o the_o world_n it_o least_o become_v we_o christian_n as_o if_o we_o be_v votary_n to_o luxury_n to_o abuse_v the_o creature_n of_o god_n and_o to_o make_v use_n of_o thirst_n as_o a_o pretence_n to_o drunkenness_n see_v we_o ought_v to_o drink_v no_o more_o than_o what_o will_v serve_v to_o quench_v our_o thirst_n not_o like_o those_o who_o swallow_v down_o wine_n as_o man_n do_v drink_v in_o a_o burn_a fever_n quick_o make_v a_o end_n of_o themselves_o through_o their_o intemperance_n nor_o be_v we_o less_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o gluttony_n content_v ourselves_o with_o a_o spare_a diet_n and_o such_o only_a as_o be_v necessary_a not_o give_v way_n to_o the_o infinite_a and_o unsatisfied_a crave_n of_o a_o nice_a and_o intemperate_a appetite_n which_o will_v have_v a_o thousand_o pretence_n to_o defend_v itself_o but_o rule_v ourselves_o according_a to_o the_o wise_a sentence_n of_o he_o who_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o we_o be_v to_o eat_v only_o to_o satisfy_v our_o hunger_n thus_o that_o ancient_a father_n to_o this_o purpose_n also_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n discourse_n at_o large_a tot_fw-la represent_v the_o great_a evil_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o 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question_n and_o that_o they_o have_v much_o rather_o be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o their_o religion_n than_o to_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v to_o they_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o become_v conqueror_n choose_v rather_o to_o part_v with_o their_o life_n than_o to_o do_v what_o you_o impose_v upon_o they_o let_v i_o advise_v you_o say_v he_o who_o be_v ready_a to_o despond_v with_o every_o earthquake_n that_o happen_v to_o you_o to_o compare_v yourselves_o with_o they_o they_o in_o all_o their_o danger_n be_v secure_o confident_a in_o their_o god_n while_o you_o at_o such_o a_o time_n neglect_v the_o god_n and_o have_v little_a or_o no_o regard_n either_o to_o other_o rite_n or_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o that_o immortal_a deity_n but_o banish_v the_o christian_n that_o worship_v he_o and_o persecute_v they_o unto_o death_n so_o forcible_o do_v the_o majesty_n of_o truth_n extort_v a_o confession_n from_o its_o great_a enemy_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o part._n primitive_a christianity_n 3_o or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n part_n iii_o of_o their_o religion_n as_o respect_v other_o man_n chap._n i._n of_o their_o justice_n and_o honesty_n christian_n religion_n admirable_o provide_v for_o moral_a righteousness_n do_v as_o you_o will_v be_v do_v by_o the_o great_a law_n of_o christ_n this_o rule_n high_o prize_v by_o severus_n the_o emperor_n the_o first_o christian_n account_v honesty_n and_o a_o upright_a carriage_n a_o main_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n their_o candour_n and_o simplicity_n in_o their_o word_n abhor_v lie_n and_o mental_a reservation_n though_o it_o may_v save_v their_o life_n their_o veracity_n such_o as_o no_o need_n to_o be_v put_v to_o their_o oath_n some_o few_o of_o the_o father_n against_o all_o swear_n allow_v by_o the_o great_a part_n in_o weighty_a case_n that_o they_o take_v oath_n prove_v from_o athanasius_n and_o their_o take_v the_o sacramentum_fw-la 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occasion_n of_o it_o pliny_n testimony_n of_o the_o honesty_n of_o christian_n theft_n and_o rapine_n severe_o condemn_v christian_n for_o do_v all_o the_o good_a they_o can_v their_o care_n to_o right_n and_o relieve_v the_o oppress_v the_o gentile_n charge_v christian_n with_o murder_n and_o eat_a mans-flesh_n a_o brief_a representation_n of_o the_o several_a answer_n return_v to_o it_o by_o the_o christian_a apologist_n the_o true_a rise_n of_o the_o charge_n find_v to_o spring_v from_o the_o barbarous_a and_o inhuman_a practice_n of_o the_o gnostic_n mention_v by_o irenaeus_n and_o epiphanius_n have_v give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n both_o as_o it_o respect_v their_o piety_n towards_o god_n and_o their_o sober_a and_o virtuous_a carriage_n towards_o themselves_o we_o come_v in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o consider_v it_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o carriage_n towards_o other_o which_o the_o apostle_n describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o righteousness_n under_o which_o he_o comprehend_v all_o that_o duty_n and_o respect_n wherein_o we_o stand_v oblige_v to_o other_o whereof_o we_o shall_v consider_v these_o follow_a instance_n their_o justice_n and_o integrity_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n their_o mutual_a love_n and_o charity_n to_o one_o another_o their_o unity_n and_o peaceableness_n and_o their_o submission_n and_o subjection_n to_o civil_a government_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o their_o just_a and_o upright_a carriage_n in_o their_o outward_a deal_n one_o great_a design_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n be_v to_o establish_v and_o ratify_v that_o great_a principle_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prime_n and_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n to_o hurt_v no_o man_n and_o to_o render_v to_o every_o one_o his_o due_a to_o teach_v we_o to_o carry_v ourselves_o as_o become_v we_o in_o our_o relation_n towards_o man_n next_o to_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n the_o gospel_n oblige_v we_o to_o be_v righteous_a to_o man_n sincere_a and_o upright_a in_o all_o our_o deal_n not_o go_v beyond_o nor_o defraud_v one_o another_o in_o any_o matter_n to_o put_v away_o lie_v and_o to_o speak_v truth_n to_o each_o other_o as_o fellow-member_n of_o the_o same_o christian_a brotherhood_n and_o society_n it_o settle_v that_o golden_a rule_n as_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o all_o just_a and_o equitable_a commerce_n that_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o we_o will_v that_o man_n shall_v do_v to_o we_o we_o shall_v even_o do_v so_o to_o they_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n than_o which_o as_o no_o rule_n can_v have_v be_v more_o equitable_a in_o itself_o so_o none_o can_v possible_o have_v be_v contrive_v more_o short_a and_o plain_a and_o more_o accommodate_v to_o the_o common_a case_n of_o humane_a life_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o these_o and_o such_o like_a excellent_a precept_n alexander_n severus_n the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v so_o great_a a_o honour_n for_o our_o saviour_n 568._o that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o he_o and_o to_o receive_v he_o into_o the_o number_n of_o their_o god_n and_o though_o he_o be_v overrule_v in_o this_o by_o some_o who_o have_v consult_v the_o oracle_n tell_v he_o that_o if_o it_o be_v do_v all_o man_n will_v become_v christian_n and_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n will_v be_v leave_v naked_a and_o empty_a yet_o in_o his_o most_o private_a chapel_n he_o have_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n among_o those_o of_o many_o noble_a hero_n and_o deify_v person_n 540._o to_o who_o he_o pay_v religious_a adoration_n every_o morning_n and_o particular_o for_o this_o precept_n 577._o that_o what_o we_o will_v not_o have_v do_v to_o ourselves_o we_o shall_v not_o do_v to_o other_o which_o his_o own_o historian_n confess_v he_o learn_v either_o from_o the_o jew_n or_o christian_n but_o most_o certain_o from_o the_o christian_n in_o who_o mouth_n it_o so_o often_o be_v and_o in_o who_o gospel_n it_o be_v so_o plain_o write_v he_o so_o high_o value_v it_o that_o in_o all_o public_a punishment_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v by_o a_o common_a crier_n nay_o be_v so_o huge_o fond_a on_o it_o that_o he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v write_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o palace_n and_o upon_o all_o his_o public_a building_n that_o if_o possible_a every_o room_n in_o his_o court_n and_o every_o place_n in_o the_o city_n may_v be_v a_o silent_a chancery_n and_o court_n of_o equity_n so_o vast_a a_o reverence_n have_v the_o very_a enemy_n of_o christianity_n for_o the_o gospel_n upon_o this_o account_n that_o it_o so_o admirable_o provide_v for_o the_o advance_v of_o civil_a righteousness_n and_o justice_n among_o man_n which_o however_o it_o have_v be_v slight_v by_o some_o even_o among_o christian_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o moral_a principle_n yet_o without_o it_o all_o other_o religion_n be_v but_o vain_a it_o be_v a_o strange_a piece_n of_o folly_n for_o any_o to_o dream_v of_o be_v godly_a without_o be_v honest_a or_o to_o think_v of_o be_v a_o disciple_n of_o the_o first_o while_o a_o man_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o second_o table_n sure_o i_o be_o the_o christian_n of_o old_a look_v upon_o honesty_n and_o a_o upright_a carriage_n as_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o that_o to_o speak_v truth_n to_o keep_v their_o word_n to_o perform_v oath_n and_o promise_n to_o act_v sincere_o in_o all_o their_o deal_n be_v as_o sacred_a and_o as_o dear_a to_o they_o as_o their_o life_n and_o being_n speech_n be_v the_o great_a instrument_n of_o mutual_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n shall_v be_v the_o first_o instance_n of_o their_o integrity_n they_o ever_o use_v the_o great_a candour_n and_o simplicity_n in_o express_v their_o mind_n to_o one_o another_o not_o pretend_v what_o be_v false_a nor_o conceal_v what_o be_v true_a yea_o yea_o and_o nay_o nay_o be_v the_o usual_a
orphan_n support_v the_o age_a recruit_v the_o spoil_a supply_v the_o imprison_a and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o mine_n bond_n or_o slavery_n for_o the_o profession_n of_o christianity_n this_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o primitive_a devotion_n palladius_n tell_v we_o of_o two_o brother_n histor_n paesius_n and_o esaias_n 41._o son_n of_o a_o wealthy_a merchant_n that_o their_o father_n be_v dead_a and_o resolve_v upon_o a_o more_o strict_a and_o religious_a course_n of_o life_n they_o can_v not_o agree_v upon_o settle_v their_o estate_n in_o the_o same_o way_n at_o last_o divide_v their_o estate_n they_o dispose_v they_o thus_o the_o one_o give_v away_o his_o whole_a estate_n at_o once_o settle_v it_o upon_o monastery_n church_n and_o prison_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o bond_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o a_o trade_n for_o a_o small_a maintenance_n for_o himself_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o prayer_n and_o the_o severe_a exercise_n of_o religion_n the_o other_o keep_v 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the_o wicked_a religion_n of_o the_o christian_n do_v thrive_v by_o i._n e._n by_o their_o bounty_n to_o stranger_n their_o care_n in_o bury_v of_o the_o dead_a and_o their_o holiness_n of_o life_n and_o elsewhere_o the_o poor_a say_v he_o have_v no_o care_n take_v of_o they_o 557._o the_o wicked_a galilean_n know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o make_v their_o advantage_n of_o it_o for_o they_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o humanity_n and_o charity_n and_o by_o these_o plausible_a and_o insinuative_a way_n strengthen_v and_o increase_v their_o wicked_a and_o pernicious_a party_n just_a as_o man_n cheat_v little_a child_n with_o a_o cake_n by_o two_o or_o three_o of_o which_o they_o tempt_v they_o to_o go_v along_o with_o they_o till_o have_v get_v they_o from_o home_n they_o clap_v they_o under_o hatch_n transport_v and_o sell_v they_o and_o so_o for_o a_o little_a seem_a pleasure_n they_o be_v condemn_v to_o bitterness_n all_o their_o life_n and_o no_o otherwise_o say_v he_o '_o it_o be_v with_o they_o they_o first_o inveigle_v honest_a mind_a man_n with_o what_o they_o call_v their_o feast_n of_o love_n banquet_n ministry_n and_o attendance_n upon_o table_n and_o then_o seduce_v they_o into_o their_o wickedness_n and_o impiety_n this_o as_o at_o once_o it_o show_v his_o venom_n and_o malice_n according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o man_n so_o it_o open_o bear_v witness_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o emeny_n to_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o generous_a spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n the_o other_o testimony_n be_v that_o of_o lucian_n who_o if_o not_o a_o christian_n himself_o for_o suidas_n his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v no_o way_n intimate_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o christian_a preacher_n 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o what_o the_o generality_n of_o writer_n have_v infer_v thence_o be_v yet_o however_o intimate_o acquaint_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o christian_n who_o bring_v in_o his_o philosopher_n peregrinus_n among_o other_o sect_n join_v himself_o to_o the_o christian_n 2._o tell_v we_o what_o care_n they_o take_v of_o he_o when_o cast_v into_o prison_n they_o improve_v all_o their_o interest_n to_o have_v he_o release_v but_o when_o this_o can_v not_o be_v grant_v they_o officious_o use_v all_o possible_a service_n and_o respect_n towards_o he_o in_o the_o morning_n old_a woman_n widow_n and_o child_n flock_v early_o to_o the_o prison-door_n and_o the_o better_a sort_n get_v leave_v of_o the_o keeper_n to_o sleep_v with_o he_o in_o the_o prison_n all_o night_n then_o they_o have_v several_a sort_n of_o banquet_n and_o their_o sacred_a discourse_n nay_o some_o be_v send_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n even_o from_o the_o city_n of_o asia_n to_o assist_v and_o encourage_v he_o who_o bring_v he_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n under_o pretence_n of_o his_o imprisonment_n it_o be_v incredible_a what_o readiness_n they_o show_v when_o any_o such_o matter_n be_v once_o noise_v abroad_o and_o how_o little_a they_o spare_v any_o cost_n in_o it_o after_o which_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o they_o in_o general_a 764._o that_o they_o equal_o contemn_v all_o the_o advantage_n of_o this_o life_n and_o account_v they_o common_a foolish_o take_v up_o their_o principle_n about_o these_o thing_n without_o any_o accurate_a search_n into_o they_o insomuch_o that_o if_o any_o subtle_a and_o crafty_a fellow_n that_o know_v how_o to_o improve_v his_o advantage_n come_v among_o they_o he_o grow_v very_o rich_a in_o a_o little_a time_n by_o make_v a_o prey_n of_o that_o simple_a and_o credulous_a people_n there_o be_v one_o circumstance_n yet_o behind_o concern_v the_o love_n and_o charity_n of_o those_o time_n very_o worthy_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o that_o be_v the_o universal_a extent_n of_o it_o they_o do_v good_a to_o all_o though_o more_o especial_o to_o they_o of_o the_o household_n of_o faith_n i.e._n to_o christian_n they_o do_v not_o confine_v their_o bounty_n mere_o within_o the_o narrow_a limit_n of_o a_o party_n 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novelty_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o christianity_n christianity_n except_v and_o cry_v out_o against_o as_o a_o late_a novel_a doctrine_n this_o a_o common_a charge_n continue_v when_o christianity_n have_v be_v some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n christianity_n great_o prejudice_v by_o this_o charge_n man_n loath_a to_o forsake_v the_o religion_n of_o their_o ancestor_n what_o the_o christian_n answer_v to_o it_o christian_n religion_n the_o same_o in_o substance_n and_o effect_n with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n in_o that_o respect_n by_o far_o the_o old_a religion_n in_o the_o world_n prove_v and_o urge_v by_o tertullian_n cl._n alexander_n eusebius_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v lateness_n and_o novelty_n no_o real_a prejudice_n to_o rational_a and_o unbiased_a man_n the_o folly_n and_o vanity_n of_o adhere_v to_o absurd_a and_o unreasovable_a custom_n and_o principle_n because_o ancient_a and_o of_o refuse_v to_o change_v opinion_n for_o the_o better_a a_o objection_n if_o christ_n and_o christianity_n be_v so_o great_a blessing_n to_o mankind_n why_o be_v it_o so_o long_o before_o god_n reveal_v they_o answer_v out_o of_o arnobius_n this_o artifice_n prove_v weak_a and_o ineffectual_a the_o next_o charge_n be_v its_o lateness_n and_o novelty_n that_o it_o be_v a_o upstart_n sect_n and_o but_o of_o yesterday_n stand_v not_o know_v in_o the_o world_n many_o year_n before_o whereas_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n have_v uncontrollable_o and_o almost_o universal_o obtain_v from_o age_n and_o generation_n a_o doctrine_n new_o spring_v up_o and_o come_v as_o it_o be_v from_o a_o far_a country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v in_o theophilus_n antiochenus_fw-la b._n a_o divorce_n or_o rend_v themselves_o from_o the_o institution_n of_o their_o ancestor_n 46._o as_o tertullian_n have_v it_o this_o charge_n begin_v betimes_o when_o s._n paul_n preach_v at_o athens_n 18._o we_o find_v this_o the_o first_o thing_n charge_v upon_o he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o setter_n forth_o of_o strange_a god_n because_o he_o preach_v to_o they_o jesus_n and_o the_o resurrection_n and_o it_o be_v follow_v with_o a_o loud_a cry_n in_o succeed_a time_n you_o be_v wont_n to_o object_n to_o we_o say_v arnobius_n that_o our_o religion_n be_v novel_a 40_o start_v up_o not_o many_o day_n ago_o and_o that_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n your_o ancient_a way_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o your_o country_n 5._o to_o espouse_v barbarous_a and_o foreign_a rite_n and_o eusebius_n tell_v we_o the_o heathen_n be_v wont_n to_o reason_n thus_o what_o strange_a profession_n of_o religion_n be_v this_o what_o new_a way_n of_o life_n wherein_o we_o can_v neither_o discern_v the_o rite_n among_o we_o use_v in_o greece_n nor_o among_o any_o sect_n of_o the_o barbarian_n who_o can_v deny_v they_o to_o be_v impious_a who_o have_v forsake_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o father_n observe_v before_o in_o all_o city_n and_o country_n revolt_a from_o a_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o have_v be_v universal_o receive_v from_o all_o age_n both_o by_o greek_n and_o barbarian_n entertain_v both_o in_o city_n and_o village_n countenance_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o common_a vote_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o king_n lawmaker_n philosopher_n and_o the_o great_a person_n whatsoever_o nay_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o after_o christianity_n have_v be_v settle_v for_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v become_v the_o prevail_a religion_n and_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n banish_v all_o other_o out_o of_o door_n and_o drive_v they_o into_o corner_n yet_o this_o charge_n still_o continue_v 208._o thus_o julian_n the_o emperor_n write_v to_o the_o people_n of_o alexandria_n concern_v the_o galilaean_n so_o he_o be_v wont_n in_o scorn_n to_o call_v the_o christian_n that_o he_o wonder_v that_o any_o of_o they_o dare_v dwell_v among_o they_o or_o that_o they_o will_v suffer_v these_o despiser_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o their_o country_n to_o be_v in_o any_o place_n among_o they_o call_v christianity_n the_o new_a doctrine_n that_o have_v be_v preach_v to_o the_o world_n the_o very_a same_o title_n which_o lucian_n have_v also_o long_o since_o bestow_v upon_o it_o 762._o where_o speak_v of_o our_o saviour_n he_o call_v he_o the_o great_a man_n that_o be_v crucify_v in_o palestine_n who_o introduce_v that_o new_a religion_n into_o the_o world_n 10._o so_o symmachus_n some_o year_n after_o julian_n a_o man_n no_o less_o eminent_a for_o his_o part_n and_o eloquence_n valent._n than_o for_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n 537._o be_v chief_a priest_n and_o perfect_a of_o rome_n confident_o own_v to_o the_o emperor_n themselves_o though_o they_o be_v christian_n that_o he_o do_v endeavour_v to_o defend_v the_o institution_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o settle_a right_n and_o law_n of_o the_o country_n he_o mean_v they_o of_o religion_n that_o he_o design_v to_o settle_v that_o state_n of_o religion_n which_o for_o so_o many_o age_n have_v be_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n 538._o and_o therefore_o beg_v of_o they_o that_o what_o they_o have_v receive_v when_o they_o be_v child_n 539._o now_o they_o be_v old_a they_o may_v leave_v to_o their_o posterity_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v true_a to_o the_o trust_n that_o have_v from_o so_o many_o age_n be_v devolve_v upon_o they_o and_o be_v to_o follow_v their_o parent_n as_o they_o have_v happy_o do_v their_o ancestor_n that_o have_v go_v before_o they_o so_o he_o plead_v the_o cause_n of_o paganism_n from_o its_o antiquity_n and_o prescription_n oblique_o reflect_v upon_o the_o novellism_n of_o christianity_n for_o more_o he_o dare_v not_o speak_v the_o emperor_n to_o who_o he_o make_v his_o address_n be_v themselves_o christian_n this_o indeed_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mighty_a prejudice_n against_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o its_o
first_o come_v into_o the_o world_n for_o all_o man_n as_o they_o have_v a_o natural_a reverence_n for_o religion_n so_o they_o have_v a_o great_a veneration_n for_o antiquity_n the_o custom_n and_o tradition_n of_o their_o father_n which_o they_o entertain_v as_o a_o most_o inestimable_a depositum_fw-la and_o for_o which_o they_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o oblige_v to_o contend_v as_o for_o that_o which_o be_v most_o solemn_a and_o sacred_a what_o more_o excellent_a and_o venerable_a say_v the_o heathen_a in_o minucius_n faelix_fw-la than_o to_o entertain_v the_o discipline_n of_o our_o forefather_n 5._o to_o solemnize_v that_o religion_n that_o have_v be_v deliver_v to_o we_o to_o worship_v those_o god_n the_o knowledge_n of_o who_o have_v be_v infuse_v into_o we_o by_o our_o parent_n not_o bold_o to_o determine_v concern_v the_o deity_n but_o to_o believe_v those_o who_o have_v be_v before_o we_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n lactantius_n speak_v of_o the_o heathen_n 171._o they_o go_v on_o say_v he_o most_o pertinacious_o to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v the_o religion_n derive_v down_o to_o they_o from_o their_o ancestor_n not_o so_o much_o consider_v what_o they_o be_v as_o conclude_v they_o to_o be_v right_a and_o good_a because_o the_o ancient_n convey_v they_o to_o they_o nay_o so_o great_a the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v account_v a_o kind_n of_o impiety_n to_o question_v it_o or_o inquire_v into_o it_o upon_o these_o account_n the_o gentile_n bear_v so_o hard_o upon_o christianity_n behold_v it_o as_o a_o mushroom-sect_n spring_v up_o of_o a_o sudden_a and_o as_o a_o encroach_a inmate_n undermine_v the_o establish_a religion_n of_o the_o world_n now_o we_o find_v two_o plea_n especial_o which_o the_o christian_n make_v to_o this_o indictment_n first_o that_o the_o charge_n be_v not_o whole_o and_o universal_o true_a for_o beside_o that_o many_o principle_n of_o christianity_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v for_o substance_n the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n who_o religion_n claim_v the_o precedenncy_n of_o all_o other_o in_o the_o word_n that_o the_o religion_n be_v in_o substance_n and_o effect_v the_o same_o be_v express_o assert_v and_o prove_v by_o eusebius_n etc._n the_o ancient_a patriarch_n be_v the_o christian_n of_o the_o old_a world_n who_o have_v the_o same_o faith_n religion_n and_o worship_n common_a with_o we_o nay_o the_o same_o name_n too_o as_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v from_o that_o touch_v not_o my_o anoint_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d my_o christ_n or_o christian_n and_o how_o far_o superior_a in_o age_n they_o be_v to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v record_v of_o the_o most_o ancient_a gentile_n to_o their_o old_a writer_n lib._n orpheus_n homer_n hesiord_n nay_o to_o their_o very_a god_n themselves_o be_v sufficient_o make_v good_a by_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n there_o be_v at_o the_o easy_a computation_n between_o moses_n and_o homer_n above_o 600_o year_n nay_o cadmus_n the_o first_o inventor_n of_o letter_n among_o the_o grecian_n be_v some_o age_n junior_a unto_o moses_n therefore_o origen_n tell_v celsus_n 279._o that_o moses_n and_o the_o prophet_n be_v not_o only_o more_o ancient_a than_o plato_n but_o than_o homer_n himself_o yea_o than_o the_o very_a invention_n of_o letter_n among_o the_o grecian_n who_o yet_o be_v as_o proud_a of_o their_o antiquity_n as_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n nay_o whatever_a useful_a and_o excellent_a notion_n the_o great_a master_n of_o religion_n among_o the_o heathen_n have_v among_o they_o 320._o it_o be_v plain_a they_o borrow_v or_o more_o true_o steal_v they_o from_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_n vid._n jew_n as_o be_v abundant_o demonstrate_v by_o eusebius_n at_o large_a curand_n as_o before_o he_o it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o clemens_n of_o alexandria_n princip_n and_o by_o tertullian_n before_o they_o both_o who_o show_v that_o all_o their_o poet_n and_o philosopher_n have_v drink_v deep_a of_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o have_v force_v their_o best_a doctrine_n and_o opinion_n from_o thence_o though_o subtle_o alter_v and_o disguise_v they_o to_o make_v they_o look_v more_o like_o their_o own_o so_o that_o upon_o this_o consideration_n the_o accusation_n be_v unjust_a and_o false_a and_o christianity_n appear_v the_o old_a religion_n in_o the_o world_n second_o admit_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o a_o more_o limit_v and_o restrain_v sense_n to_o be_v of_o a_o far_o late_a stand_n than_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n yet_o they_o plead_v that_o it_o be_v infinite_o reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v change_v for_o the_o better_a whenever_o it_o offer_v itself_o to_o they_o that_o novel_a truth_n be_v better_a than_o ancient_a error_n and_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v eternal_o bind_v up_o in_o old_a inveterate_a custom_n and_o principle_n when_o those_o which_o be_v abundant_o more_o reasonable_a and_o satisfactory_a be_v present_v to_o they_o you_o tell_v we_o say_v clemens_n alex._n 57_o that_o you_o may_v not_o subvert_v the_o custom_n receive_v from_o your_o ancestor_n but_o if_o so_o why_o then_o be_v we_o not_o content_a without_o any_o other_o food_n than_o our_o mother_n milk_n to_o which_o we_o be_v accustom_v when_o we_o first_o come_v into_o the_o world_n why_o do_v we_o increase_v or_o impair_v our_o estate_n and_o not_o rather_o keep_v they_o at_o the_o same_o pitch_n just_a as_o we_o receive_v they_o from_o our_o father_n why_o have_v we_o leave_v off_o those_o toy_n and_o sport_n to_o which_o we_o be_v wont_v while_o infant_n and_o child_n but_o only_o because_o year_n and_o discretion_n although_o we_o have_v no_o other_o tutor_n will_v make_v we_o quit_v those_o childish_a and_o trifle_a vanity_n that_o old_a age_n say_v s._n ambrose_n have_v true_a cause_n to_o blush_v contr_n that_o be_v ashamed_a to_o reform_v ep._n it_o be_v not_o multitude_n of_o year_n but_o the_o goodness_n of_o manner_n that_o make_v gray_a hair_n worthy_a of_o praise_n and_o honour_n 562._o no_o age_n be_v too_o late_o to_o learn_v nor_o be_v it_o shame_n to_o grow_v better_o laudato_fw-la what_o will_v thou_o do_v say_v lactantius_n to_o the_o heathen_a will_v thou_o follow_v reason_n or_o thy_o ancestor_n if_o reason_n than_o thou_o must_v needs_o relinquish_v the_o authority_n and_o institution_n of_o thy_o forefather_n because_o that_o way_n only_o can_v be_v right_a that_o be_v warrant_v and_o prescribe_v by_o reason_n but_o if_o piety_n towards_o thy_o ancestor_n sway_v with_o thou_o to_o follow_v they_o thou_o must_v confess_v both_o that_o they_o be_v fool_n in_o devote_v themselves_o to_o a_o religion_n contrary_n to_o reason_n and_o that_o thou_o thyself_o be_v unwise_a and_o simple_a in_o worship_v what_o thou_o be_v convince_v to_o be_v false_a beside_o that_o they_o have_v little_a reason_n to_o boast_v of_o those_o goodly_a ancestor_n to_o who_o they_o adhere_v so_o close_o and_o upon_o who_o authority_n they_o do_v so_o much_o depend_v as_o he_o go_v on_o to_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o that_o chapter_n that_o you_o object_n to_o we_o the_o novelty_n of_o our_o religion_n so_o arnobius_n may_v we_o not_o charge_v some_o such_o fault_n upon_o the_o first_o and_o most_o ancient_a age_n of_o the_o world_n 41._o who_o at_o first_o live_v in_o a_o very_a poor_a and_o mean_a state_n but_o by_o little_a and_o little_o change_v it_o into_o a_o more_o liberal_a and_o splendid_a course_n of_o life_n be_v it_o any_o crime_n that_o they_o change_v their_o beast_n skin_n into_o more_o comely_a and_o â—_o convenient_a garment_n or_o that_o they_o be_v no_o long_o fond_a of_o their_o thatch_a cottage_n or_o choose_v to_o dwell_v like_o wild_a beast_n in_o rock_n and_o cavern_n when_o they_o have_v learn_v to_o build_v better_a habitation_n it_o be_v natural_a to_o all_o mankind_n to_o prefer_v better_o before_o what_o be_v worse_o profitable_a before_o what_o be_v useless_a and_o to_o seek_v after_o what_o we_o be_v assure_v be_v more_o grateful_a and_o excellent_a therefore_o when_o you_o charge_v we_o with_o apostasy_n from_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_n you_o shall_v rather_o consider_v the_o cause_n than_o the_o action_n and_o not_o so_o much_o upbraid_v we_o with_o what_o we_o have_v leave_v as_o examine_v what_o it_o be_v we_o have_v entertain_v for_o if_o mere_o to_o change_v our_o opinion_n and_o to_o pass_v from_o ancient_a institution_n to_o what_o be_v more_o late_a and_o new_a be_v a_o fault_n and_o crime_n then_o none_o so_o guilty_a of_o the_o charge_n as_o yourselves_o who_o have_v so_o oft_o change_v your_o manner_n and_o course_n of_o life_n and_o by_o embrace_v new_a rite_n and_o custom_n have_v condemn_v those_o that_o go_v before_o
not_o present_o evil_a because_o it_o cross_v our_o ease_n and_o interest_n as_o arnobius_n answer_v pass_v by_o these_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n only_o of_o two_o thing_n which_o the_o christian_n plead_v in_o this_o case_n 4._o first_o that_o the_o gentile_n shall_v do_v very_o well_o to_o seek_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o these_o thing_n near_a home_n and_o to_o inquire_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o own_o sake_n that_o the_o divine_a providence_n be_v thus_o offend_v with_o they_o there_o be_v very_o just_a reason_n to_o think_v so_o tertullian_n point_v they_o to_o such_o cause_n as_o these_o 33._o first_o their_o horrible_a affront_a their_o natural_a notion_n of_o god_n that_o when_o they_o know_v god_n they_o glorify_v he_o not_o as_o god_n neither_o be_v thankful_a but_o become_v vain_a in_o their_o imagination_n 23._o and_o their_o foolish_a heart_n be_v darken_v and_o they_o change_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o uncorruptible_a god_n into_o a_o image_n make_v like_a to_o corruptible_a man_n and_o to_o bird_n and_o four_o footed_a beast_n and_o creep_a thing_n as_o s._n paul_n have_v tell_v they_o long_o before_o and_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o suppose_v 7._o that_o god_n be_v more_o angry_a with_o they_o who_o instead_o of_o he_o worship_v piece_n of_o wood_n and_o statue_n or_o at_o best_a genii_n and_o devil_n than_o with_o those_o who_o sincere_o pay_v their_o adoration_n to_o he_o alone_o second_o pass_v by_o god_n the_o great_a master_n of_o all_o goodness_n and_o innocence_n and_o the_o severe_a revenger_n of_o all_o impiety_n they_o tumble_v themselves_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o vice_n and_o wickedness_n and_o what_o wonder_n if_o the_o divine_a justice_n follow_v close_o at_o their_o heel_n 200_o you_o be_v angry_a say_v cyprian_n that_o god_n be_v angry_a as_o if_o in_o live_v ill_a you_o deserve_v well_o and_o as_o if_o all_o that_o have_v happen_v to_o you_o be_v not_o less_o and_o light_a than_o your_o sin_n and_o thou_o demetrian_a who_o be_v a_o judge_n of_o other_o but_o in_o this_o a_o judge_n of_o thy_o self_n inspect_v the_o retirement_n of_o thy_o conscience_n and_o behold_v thyself_o now_o who_o shall_v one_o day_n be_v see_v naked_a by_o all_o and_o thou_o will_v find_v thyself_o enslave_v and_o lead_v captive_a by_o some_o sin_n or_o other_o and_o why_o then_o shall_v thou_o wonder_v that_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o divine_a anger_n shall_v rise_v high_o when_o the_o sin_n of_o man_n do_v daily_o administer_v more_o fuel_n to_o it_o a_o answer_n which_o he_o there_o prosecute_v to_o very_o excellent_a purpose_n three_o their_o prodigious_a unthankfulness_n to_o god_n for_o all_o the_o former_a blessing_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v ingrateful_a they_o be_v high_o guilty_a and_o god_n can_v not_o but_o punish_v they_o have_v they_o seek_v he_o who_o in_o part_n they_o can_v not_o but_o know_v and_o be_v observant_a of_o he_o they_o will_v in_o this_o case_n have_v find_v he_o a_o much_o more_o propitious_a than_o a_o angry_a deity_n as_o tertullian_n tell_v they_o upon_o these_o and_o such_o like_a account_n they_o may_v well_o conclude_v it_o be_v that_o the_o vengeance_n of_o god_n do_v press_v so_o hard_o upon_o they_o and_o that_o therefore_o they_o have_v no_o true_a reason_n to_o lay_v the_o fault_n at_o any_o other_o door_n but_o their_o own_o second_o as_o to_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v charge_v upon_o they_o they_o point_v blank_a deny_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n especial_o first_o because_o the_o world_n have_v be_v sad_o and_o frequent_o pester_v with_o such_o evil_n and_o misery_n long_o before_o the_o christian_a religion_n appear_v in_o it_o i_o pray_v say_v tertullian_n what_o misery_n do_v overwhelm_v all_o the_o world_n 32._o and_o even_o rome_n itself_o before_o the_o time_n of_o tiberius_n i._n e._n before_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n have_v we_o not_o read_v of_o hierapolis_n and_o the_o island_n of_o delos_n and_o rhodes_n and_o cos_n destroy_v with_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n do_v not_o plato_n speak_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n and_o afric_n swallow_v up_o by_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n a_o earthquake_n drink_v up_o the_o corinthan_n sea_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o ocean_n rend_v off_o sicilia_n from_o italy_n not_o to_o ask_v where_o be_v the_o christian_n the_o great_a contemner_n of_o your_o god_n but_o where_o be_v your_o god_n themselves_o when_o the_o flood_n overran_a the_o world_n palestine_n have_v not_o yet_o receive_v the_o jewish_a nation_n out_o of_o egypt_n much_o less_o have_v the_o christian_n sit_v down_o there_o when_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n and_o the_o adjacent_a part_n be_v burn_v up_o by_o a_o shower_n of_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n of_o which_o the_o country_n smell_v to_o this_o day_n nor_o can_v tuscia_n and_o campania_n complain_v of_o the_o christian_n when_o a_o fire_n from_o heaven_n destroy_v the_o vulsinii_n and_o the_o pompeii_n none_o as_o yet_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n at_o rome_n when_o hannibal_n at_o cannae_n make_v such_o a_o slaughter_n of_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o very_a ring_n that_o he_o take_v which_o be_v the_o honourable_a badge_n of_o none_o but_o roman_a knight_n be_v measure_v by_o the_o bushel_n they_o be_v all_o your_o god_n that_o then_o have_v the_o general_a worship_n when_o the_o gaul_n take_v the_o capitol_n itself_o so_o smart_o do_v that_o grave_a man_n retort_v their_o own_o argument_n upon_o themselves_o arnobius_n full_o and_o elegant_o pursue_v this_o 3._o that_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o former_a time_n be_v no_o better_a than_o these_o which_o they_o so_o much_o complain_v of_o and_o bid_v they_o run_v over_o the_o annal_n and_o record_n that_o be_v write_v in_o all_o language_n and_o they_o will_v find_v that_o all_o nation_n have_v frequent_o have_v their_o common_a misery_n and_o devastation_n the_o clear_n of_o which_o be_v likewise_o the_o great_a design_n orosius_n propose_v to_o himself_o 2._o in_o draw_v down_o the_o history_n of_o the_o world_n through_o all_o the_o age_n and_o generation_n of_o it_o second_o because_o since_o the_o come_n of_o christianity_n the_o world_n have_v be_v in_o a_o better_a and_o more_o prosperous_a state_n than_o it_o be_v before_o especial_o when_o ever_o the_o christian_a religion_n meet_v with_o any_o favour_n and_o encouragement_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o tertullian_n give_v 33._o although_o we_o shall_v compare_v present_a with_o former_a misery_n yet_o they_o be_v much_o light_a now_o since_o god_n send_v christian_n into_o the_o world_n for_o since_o then_o innocency_n have_v balance_v the_o iniquity_n of_o the_o age_n and_o there_o have_v be_v many_o who_o have_v intercede_v with_o heaven_n 476._o the_o author_n of_o the_o question_n and_o answer_n in_o justin_n martyr_n for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o justin_n himself_o i_o think_v no_o man_n can_v doubt_v that_o read_v he_o the_o man_n betray_v himself_o open_o enough_o to_o have_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o prevail_a christianity_n put_v this_o question_n whether_o paganism_n be_v not_o the_o better_a religion_n forasmuch_o as_o under_o it_o there_o be_v great_a prosperity_n and_o abundance_n whereas_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o since_o christianity_n come_v in_o fashion_n he_o answer_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o beside_o that_o plenty_n be_v no_o argument_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o any_o religion_n christian_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o rather_o by_o the_o holiness_n than_o the_o prosperity_n of_o their_o religion_n there_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o abundance_n in_o these_o time_n of_o christianity_n by_o how_o much_o there_o be_v few_o war_n than_o be_v while_o paganism_n govern_v the_o world_n never_o be_v war_n more_o successful_o manage_v never_o be_v prosperity_n more_o triumphant_a than_o when_o christian_n meet_v with_o kind_a entertainment_n melito_n bishop_n of_o sardis_n in_o a_o oration_n which_o he_o present_v to_o the_o emperor_n m._n antoninus_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o christian_n part_n whereof_o be_v yet_o extant_a in_o eusebius_n tell_v he_o that_o christianity_n commence_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o augustus_n be_v a_o good_a 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o empire_n 148._o and_o that_o ever_o since_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v increase_v of_o who_o he_o be_v the_o heir_n and_o successor_n he_o can_v not_o better_o assure_v it_o to_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n than_o by_o protect_v that_o religion_n that_o have_v be_v bear_v and_o breed_v up_o together_o with_o the_o empire_n and_o for_o which_o his_o ancestor_n among_o other_o religion_n have_v have_v a_o esteem_n and_o honour_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a argument_n that_o this_o religion_n contribute_v to_o the_o happiness_n of_o
coemeteria_fw-la or_o church-yard_n distinct_a in_o those_o time_n from_o their_o place_n of_o public_a worship_n and_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o they_o as_o be_v common_o without_o the_o city_n here_o their_o bury_a place_n where_o in_o large_a cryptae_fw-la or_o grot_n under_o ground_n where_o they_o celebrate_v these_o memorial_n and_o whither_o they_o use_v to_o retire_v for_o their_o common_a devotion_n in_o time_n of_o great_a persecution_n when_o their_o church_n be_v destroy_v or_o take_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o aemilian_a the_o governor_n of_o egypt_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o valerian_n will_v screw_v up_o the_o persecution_n against_o christian_n 349._o he_o forbid_v their_o meeting_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o assemble_v in_o the_o place_n which_o they_o call_v their_o churchyard_n the_o same_o privilege_n which_o maximinus_n also_o have_v take_v from_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o darkness_n of_o these_o place_n and_o their_o frequent_a assemble_v there_o in_o the_o night_n to_o avoid_v the_o fury_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v light_n and_o lamp_n in_o their_o public_a meeting_n but_o they_o who_o make_v this_o a_o argument_n to_o patronize_v their_o burn_n of_o lamp_n and_o wax-candle_n in_o their_o church_n at_o noonday_n as_o it_o be_v in_o all_o the_o great_a church_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n talk_v at_o a_o strange_a rate_n of_o wild_a inconsequence_n i_o be_o sure_a s._n hierom_n when_o charge_v with_o it_o 123._o deny_v that_o they_o use_v any_o in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o never_o but_o at_o night_n when_o they_o rise_v up_o to_o their_o night-devotion_n he_o confess_v indeed_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n where_o when_o the_o gospel_n be_v to_o be_v read_v they_o set_v up_o light_n as_o a_o token_n of_o their_o rejoice_v for_o those_o happy_a and_o glad_a tiding_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o light_n have_v be_v ever_o use_v as_o a_o symbol_n and_o representation_n of_o joy_n and_o gladness_n a_o custom_n probable_o not_o much_o elder_a than_o his_o time_n afterward_o when_o christianity_n prevail_v in_o the_o world_n the_o devotion_n of_o christian_n erect_v church_n in_o those_o place_n the_o temple_n of_o the_o martyr_n say_v theodoret_n be_v spacious_a and_o beautiful_a ibid._n rich_o and_o curious_o adorn_v and_o shine_v with_o great_a lustre_n and_o brightness_n these_o solemnity_n as_o the_o same_o author_n inform_v we_o be_v keep_v not_o like_o the_o heathen_a festival_n with_o luxury_n and_o obsceneness_n but_o with_o devotion_n and_o sobriety_n 1040._o with_o divine_a hymn_n and_o religious_a sermon_n with_o fervent_a prayer_n to_o god_n 466._o mix_v many_o time_n with_o sigh_n and_o tear_n here_o they_o hear_v sermon_n and_o oration_n join_v in_o public_a prayer_n and_o praise_n receive_v the_o holy_a sacrament_n offer_v gift_n and_o charity_n for_o the_o poor_a recite_v the_o name_n of_o the_o martyr_n then_o commemorate_a with_o their_o due_a eulogy_n and_o commendation_n and_o their_o virtue_n propound_v to_o the_o imitation_n of_o the_o hearer_n for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v their_o set_a notary_n who_o take_v the_o act_n say_n and_o suffering_n of_o martyr_n which_o be_v after_o compile_v into_o particular_a treatise_n and_o be_v recite_v in_o these_o annual_a meeting_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o original_n of_o martyrology_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n from_o this_o custom_n of_o offer_v up_o prayer_n praise_n and_o alm_n at_o those_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o father_n speak_v so_o often_o of_o oblation_n and_o sacrifice_n at_o the_o martyr_n festival_n 102._o tertullian_n often_o upon_o a_o anniversary_n day_n say_v he_o we_o make_v oblation_n for_o they_o that_o be_v depart_v 523._o in_o memory_n of_o their_o natalitia_fw-la or_o birth_n day_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n elsewhere_o 531._o as_o oft_o say_v cyprian_n as_o by_o a_o anniversary_n commemoration_n we_o celebrate_v the_o passion_n day_n of_o the_o martyr_n 37._o we_o always_o offer_v sacrifice_n for_o they_o and_o the_o same_o phrase_n oft_o occur_v in_o many_o other_o of_o the_o father_n by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o their_o public_a prayer_n and_o offer_v up_o praise_n to_o god_n for_o the_o piety_n and_o constancy_n and_o the_o excellent_a example_n of_o their_o martyr_n their_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n at_o these_o time_n as_o the_o commemoration_n of_o christ_n sacrifice_n their_o oblation_n of_o alm_n and_o charity_n for_o the_o poor_a every_o one_o of_o which_o true_o may_v and_o often_o be_v style_v a_o sacrifice_n or_o oblation_n and_o be_v so_o understand_v by_o some_o of_o the_o more_o moderate_a 107_o even_o of_o the_o romish_a church_n and_o with_o good_a reason_n for_o that_o they_o do_v not_o make_v any_o real_a and_o formal_a sacrifice_n and_o oblation_n to_o martyr_n but_o only_o honour_v they_o as_o holy_a man_n and_o friend_n to_o god_n who_o for_o his_o and_o our_o saviour_n honour_n and_o the_o truth_n of_o religion_n 116._o choose_v to_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n i_o find_v express_o affirm_v by_o theodoret._n these_o festival_n be_v time_n of_o mirth_n and_o gladness_n be_v celebrate_v with_o great_a expression_n of_o love_n and_o charity_n to_o the_o poor_a and_o mutual_a rejoice_n with_o one_o another_o here_o they_o have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o feast_n every_o one_o bring_v something_o to_o the_o common_a banquet_n out_o of_o which_o the_o poor_a also_o have_v their_o share_n these_o feast_n at_o first_o be_v very_o sober_a and_o temperate_a and_o such_o as_o become_v the_o modesty_n and_o simplicity_n of_o christian_n 585._o as_o we_o hear_v before_o out_o of_o theodoret_n and_o be_v affirm_v before_o he_o by_o constantine_n in_o his_o oration_n to_o the_o saint_n but_o degenerate_v afterward_o into_o excess_n and_o intemperance_n they_o be_v every_o where_o declaim_v against_o by_o the_o father_n till_o they_o be_v whole_o lay_v aside_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o these_o feast_n and_o for_o the_o better_a make_v provision_n for_o they_o we_o may_v conceive_v it_o be_v that_o market_n come_v to_o be_v keep_v at_o these_o time_n and_o place_n for_o of_o such_o s._n basil_n speak_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 589._o market_n hold_v at_o the_o memorial_n and_o tomb_n of_o martyr_n these_o he_o condemn_v as_o high_o unsuitable_a to_o those_o solemnity_n which_o be_v only_o institute_v for_o prayer_n and_o a_o commemoration_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o good_a man_n for_o our_o encouragement_n and_o imitation_n and_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o remember_v the_o severity_n of_o our_o otherwise_o meek_a and_o humble_a saviour_n who_o whip_v the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n out_o of_o the_o temple_n when_o by_o their_o marketing_n they_o have_v turn_v the_o house_n of_o prayer_n into_o a_o den_n of_o thief_n and_o the_o truth_n be_v these_o anniversary_n commemoration_n though_o in_o their_o primitive_a institution_n they_o be_v high_o reasonable_a and_o commendable_a yet_o through_o the_o folly_n and_o dotage_n of_o man_n they_o be_v after_o make_v to_o minister_v to_o great_a superstition_n and_o idolatry_n so_o plain_o be_v it_o that_o the_o best_a and_o useful_a thing_n may_v be_v corrupt_v to_o bad_a purpose_n for_o hence_o spring_v the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o prayer_n and_o invocation_n of_o saint_n and_o their_o intercession_n with_o god_n the_o worship_v of_o relic_n pilgrimage_n and_o visit_v church_n and_o offer_v at_o the_o shrine_v of_o such_o and_o such_o saint_n and_o such_o like_a superstitious_a practice_n which_o in_o after_o age_n overrun_v so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n thing_n utter_o unknown_a to_o the_o simplicity_n of_o those_o pure_a and_o better_a time_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o person_n constitute_v the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n both_o people_n and_o minister_n the_o people_n distinguish_v into_o several_a rank_n catechuman_n of_o two_o sort_n gradual_o instruct_v in_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n account_v only_a christian_n at_o large_a the_o more_o recondite_v mystery_n of_o christianity_n conceal_v from_o person_n till_o after_o baptism_n three_o reason_n assign_v of_o it_o how_o long_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o state_n of_o catechuman_n the_o several_a class_n of_o penitent_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o faithful_a their_o particular_a station_n in_o the_o church_n their_o great_a reverence_n for_o the_o lord_n supper_n the_o clergy_n why_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o two_o sort_n the_o high_a bishop_n presbyter_n and_o deacon_n bishop_n as_o superior_a to_o presbyter_n how_o ancient_a by_o the_o most_o learned_a opposer_n of_o episcopacy_n their_o office_n and_o privilege_n what_o chorepiscopi_fw-la who_o their_o power_n and_o privilege_n above_o presbyter_n
make_v against_o their_o spiritual_a guide_n and_o governor_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o right_a art_n of_o orator_n he_o first_o commend_v they_o for_o their_o eminent_a subjection_n to_o they_o that_o he_o may_v with_o the_o more_o advantage_n reprove_v and_o censure_v they_o for_o their_o schism_n afterward_o which_o he_o do_v severe_o in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o epistle_n and_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o it_o exhort_v those_o who_o have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o sedition_n to_o become_v subject_a to_o their_o presbyter_n and_o be_v instruct_v to_o repentance_n to_o bow_v the_o knee_n of_o their_o heart_n to_o lay_v aside_o the_o arrogant_a and_o insolent_a boldness_n of_o their_o tongue_n and_o to_o learn_v to_o subject_n and_o submit_v themselves_o 859._o the_o truth_n be_v bishop_n and_o minister_n be_v then_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o common_a parent_n of_o christian_n who_o as_o such_o they_o honour_v and_o obey_v and_o to_o who_o they_o repair_v for_o counsel_n and_o direction_n in_o all_o important_a case_n 531._o it_o be_v plain_a from_o several_a passage_n in_o tertullian_n that_o none_o can_v lawful_o marry_v till_o they_o have_v first_o advise_v with_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o the_o church_n 9_o and_o have_v ask_v and_o obtain_v their_o leave_n which_o probable_o they_o do_v to_o secure_v the_o person_n from_o marry_v with_o a_o gentile_a â—39_n or_o any_o of_o they_o that_o be_v without_o and_o from_o the_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v ensue_v upon_o such_o a_o match_n no_o respect_n no_o submission_n be_v think_v great_a enough_o whereby_o they_o may_v do_v honour_n to_o they_o 91_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o kiss_v their_o hand_n to_o embrace_v their_o foot_n and_o at_o their_o go_v from_o or_o return_v home_o or_o indeed_o their_o come_n unto_o any_o place_n to_o wait_v upon_o they_o and_o either_o to_o receive_v or_o dismiss_v they_o with_o the_o universal_a confluence_n of_o the_o people_n happy_a they_o think_v themselves_o if_o they_o can_v but_o entertain_v they_o in_o their_o house_n and_o bless_v their_o roof_n with_o such_o welcome_a guest_n among_o the_o various_a way_n of_o kindness_n which_o constantine_n the_o great_a show_v to_o the_o clergy_n 429._o the_o writer_n of_o his_o life_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o use_v to_o treat_v they_o at_o his_o own_o table_n though_o in_o the_o mean_a and_o most_o despicable_a habit_n and_o never_o go_v a_o journey_n but_o he_o take_v some_o of_o they_o along_o with_o he_o reckon_v that_o thereby_o he_o make_v himself_o sure_a of_o the_o propitious_a and_o favourable_a influence_n of_o the_o divine_a presence_n what_o honour_n he_o do_v they_o at_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a 3._o where_o he_o refuse_v to_o sit_v down_o till_o they_o have_v give_v he_o intimation_n with_o what_o magnificent_a gift_n and_o entertainment_n he_o treat_v they_o afterward_o the_o same_o author_n relate_v at_o large_a the_o truth_n be_v the_o piety_n of_o that_o devout_a and_o excellent_a prince_n think_v nothing_o too_o good_a for_o those_o who_o be_v the_o messenger_n of_o god_n and_o minister_n of_o holy_a thing_n theodor._n and_o so_o infinite_o tender_a be_v he_o of_o their_o honour_n 11._o as_o to_o profess_v that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n he_o shall_v spy_v a_o bishop_n overtake_v in_o a_o immodest_a and_o uncomely_a action_n he_o will_v cover_v he_o with_o his_o own_o imperial_a robe_n rather_o than_o other_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o to_o the_o scandal_n of_o his_o place_n and_o person_n and_o because_o their_o spiritual_a authority_n and_o relation_n may_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o contempt_n of_o rude_a and_o profane_a person_n therefore_o the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n invest_v they_o with_o power_n even_o in_o civil_a case_n as_o the_o way_n to_o beget_v they_o respect_n and_o authority_n among_o the_o people_n 413._o thus_o constantine_n as_o sozomon_n tell_v we_o and_o he_o set_v it_o down_o as_o a_o great_a argument_n of_o that_o prince_n reverence_n for_o religion_n ordain_v that_o person_n contend_v in_o law_n may_v if_o they_o please_v remove_v their_o cause_n out_o of_o the_o civil_a court_n and_o appeal_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o sentence_n shall_v be_v firm_a and_o take_v place_n before_o that_o of_o any_o other_o judge_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v immediate_o pass_v by_o the_o emperor_n himself_o and_o case_n thus_o judge_v by_o bishop_n all_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o their_o officer_n be_v present_o to_o put_v into_o execution_n 8._o which_o be_v afterward_o ratify_v by_o two_o law_n one_o of_o arcadius_n another_o of_o honorius_n to_o that_o purpose_n this_o power_n the_o bishop_n sometime_o delegated_a to_o their_o inferior_a clergy_n make_v they_o judge_n in_o these_o case_n as_o appear_v from_o what_o socrates_n report_v of_o silvanus_n bishop_n of_o troas_n 383._o that_o find_v a_o maladministration_n of_o this_o power_n he_o take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o clergy_n and_o devolve_v the_o hear_n and_o determine_v cause_n over_o to_o the_o laity_n and_o to_o name_v no_o more_o s._n augustine_n more_o than_o once_o and_o again_o tell_v we_o epist_n how_o much_o he_o be_v crowd_v and_o even_o oppress_v in_o decide_v the_o contest_v and_o cause_n of_o secular_a person_n passim_fw-la it_o seem_v they_o think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o those_o day_n if_o they_o can_v have_v their_o cause_n hear_v and_o determine_v by_o bishop_n a_o pious_a bishop_n and_o a_o faithful_a minister_n be_v in_o those_o day_n dear_a to_o they_o than_o the_o most_o valuable_a blessing_n upon_o earth_n and_o they_o can_v want_v any_o thing_n rather_o than_o be_v without_o they_o chrysost_n when_o chrysostom_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o empress_n into_o banishment_n 763._o the_o people_n as_o he_o go_v along_o burst_v into_o tear_n and_o cry_v out_o '_o it_o be_v better_a the_o sun_n shall_v not_o shine_v than_o that_o john_n chrysostom_n shall_v not_o preach_v and_o when_o through_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o people_n he_o be_v recall_v from_o his_o former_a banishment_n and_o divert_v into_o the_o suburb_n till_o he_o may_v have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o make_v a_o public_a vindication_n of_o his_o innocency_n socrat._v the_o people_n not_o endure_v such_o delay_n 324._o the_o emperor_n be_v force_v to_o send_v for_o he_o into_o the_o city_n the_o people_n universal_o meet_v he_o and_o conduct_v he_o to_o his_o church_n with_o all_o expression_n of_o reverence_n and_o veneration_n 27._o nay_o while_o he_o be_v yet_o presbyter_n of_o the_o church_n of_o antioch_n so_o high_o be_v he_o love_v and_o honour_v by_o the_o people_n of_o that_o place_n that_o though_o he_o be_v choose_v to_o the_o see_v of_o constantinople_n 1._o and_o send_v for_o by_o the_o emperor_n letter_n though_o their_o bishop_n make_v a_o oration_n on_o purpose_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o it_o yet_o will_v they_o by_o no_o mean_n be_v bring_v to_o part_v with_o he_o and_o when_o the_o messenger_n by_o force_n attempt_v to_o bring_v he_o away_o he_o be_v force_v to_o prevent_v a_o tumult_n to_o withdraw_v and_o hide_v himself_o the_o people_n keep_v a_o guard_n about_o he_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o they_o nor_o can_v the_o emperor_n or_o his_o agent_n with_o all_o their_o art_n effect_v it_o till_o he_o use_v this_o wile_n he_o secret_o write_v to_o the_o governor_n of_o antioch_n who_o pretend_v to_o chrysostom_n that_o he_o have_v concern_v of_o moment_n to_o impart_v to_o he_o invite_v he_o to_o a_o private_a place_n without_o the_o city_n where_o seize_v upon_o he_o by_o mule_n which_o he_o have_v in_o readiness_n he_o convey_v he_o to_o constantinople_n where_o that_o his_o welcome_n may_v be_v the_o more_o magnificent_a the_o emperor_n command_v that_o all_o person_n of_o eminency_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a shall_v with_o all_o possible_a pomp_n and_o state_n go_v six_o mile_n to_o meet_v he_o of_o nazianzen_n who_o sit_v in_o the_o same_o chair_n of_o constantinople_n before_o he_o i_o find_v naz._n that_o when_o he_o will_v have_v leave_v that_o bishopric_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o stir_n that_o be_v about_o it_o and_o deliver_v up_o himself_o to_o solitude_n and_o a_o private_a life_n as_o a_o thing_n much_o more_o suitable_a to_o his_o humour_n and_o genius_n many_o of_o the_o people_n come_v about_o he_o with_o tear_n beseech_v he_o not_o to_o forsake_v his_o flock_n which_o he_o have_v hitherto_o feed_v with_o so_o much_o sweat_n and_o labour_n they_o can_v not_o then_o lose_v their_o spiritual_a guide_n but_o they_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o widow_n and_o orphan_n resent_v their_o death_n with_o a_o general_a sorrow_n and_o lamentation_n as_o if_o they_o have_v lose_v a_o common_a father_n nazianzen_n report_v 304._o that_o when_o his_o
off_o the_o sacred_a obligation_n of_o thy_o baptism_n and_o the_o true_a faith_n which_o thou_o do_v then_o profess_v and_o take_v upon_o thou_o thesese_v be_v the_o main_a and_o most_o considerable_a circumstance_n wherewith_o baptism_n be_v administer_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n some_o whereof_o be_v by_o degree_n antiquate_v and_o disuse_v other_o rite_n there_o be_v that_o belong_v only_o to_o particular_a church_n and_o which_o as_o they_o be_v sudden_o take_v up_o so_o be_v as_o quick_o lay_v aside_o other_o be_v add_v in_o aftertime_n till_o they_o increase_v so_o fast_o that_o the_o usage_n and_o the_o number_n of_o they_o become_v absurd_a and_o burdensome_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o office_n for_o baptism_n in_o the_o romish_a ritual_a at_o this_o day_n as_o a_o conclusion_n to_o this_o chapter_n i_o have_v once_o think_v to_o have_v treat_v concern_v confirmation_n tailor_n which_o ever_o be_v a_o constant_a appendage_n to_o baptism_n hammond_n and_o have_v note_v some_o thing_n to_o that_o purpose_n baxter_n but_o shall_v supersede_n that_o labour_n hanmer_n find_v it_o so_o often_o daille_n and_o so_o full_o do_v by_o other_o in_o just_a discourse_n that_o nothing_o considerable_a can_v be_v add_v to_o they_o only_o i_o shall_v give_v this_o brief_a and_o general_a account_n of_o it_o all_o person_n baptize_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n according_a to_o their_o age_n and_o capacity_n person_n adult_n some_o little_a time_n after_o baptism_n child_n when_o arrive_v to_o year_n of_o competent_a ripeness_n and_o maturity_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o bishop_n there_o further_o to_o confirm_v and_o ratify_v that_o compact_n which_o they_o have_v make_v with_o god_n in_o baptism_n and_o by_o some_o solemn_a act_n of_o his_o ministry_n to_o be_v themselves_o confirm_v and_o strengthen_v by_o have_v the_o grace_n and_o blessing_n of_o god_n confer_v upon_o they_o to_o enable_v they_o to_o discharge_v that_o great_a promise_n and_o engagement_n which_o they_o have_v make_v to_o god_n this_o be_v usual_o perform_v with_o the_o ceremony_n of_o unction_n the_o person_n confirm_v be_v anoint_a by_o the_o bishop_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n by_o a_o inferior_a minister_n and_o indeed_o unction_n be_v a_o ancient_a rite_n use_v in_o the_o jewish_a church_n to_o denote_v the_o confer_v of_o gift_n or_o grace_n upon_o person_n and_o thence_o probable_o among_o other_o reason_n as_o many_o other_o usage_n be_v may_v be_v derive_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n 1._o though_o a_o learned_a man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o unction_n be_v never_o use_v in_o confirmation_n but_o where_o the_o person_n be_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n baptize_v by_o some_o of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n have_v not_o be_v before_o anoint_v otherwise_o those_o who_o have_v receive_v complete_a baptism_n be_v not_o afterward_o anoint_v at_o their_o confirmation_n for_o which_o the_o council_n of_o orange_n be_v most_o express_a and_o clear_a 1._o and_o indeed_o that_o confirmation_n be_v often_o administer_v without_o this_o unction_n no_o man_n can_v doubt_v that_o know_v the_o state_n of_o those_o time_n be_v do_v only_o by_o solemn_a imposition_n of_o the_o bishop_n hand_n and_o by_o devout_a and_o pious_a prayer_n that_o the_o person_n confirm_v may_v grow_v in_o grace_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o christ_n and_o be_v enable_v to_o perform_v those_o vow_n and_o purpose_n and_o that_o profession_n of_o faith_n which_o they_o have_v before_o embrace_v in_o baptism_n and_o then_o again_o own_v before_o the_o whole_a congregation_n till_o this_o be_v do_v they_o be_v not_o account_v complete_a christian_n nor_o admit_v to_o the_o holy_a communion_n nor_o can_v challenge_v any_o actual_a right_n to_o those_o great_a privilege_n of_o christianity_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o ancient_n so_o often_o speak_v of_o confirmation_n as_o that_o which_o do_v perfect_a and_o consummate_a christian_n as_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o confer_v great_a measure_n of_o that_o grace_n that_o be_v but_o begin_v in_o baptism_n upon_o all_o which_o account_n and_o almost_o exact_o according_a to_o the_o primitive_a usage_n it_o be_v still_o retain_v and_o practise_v in_o our_o own_o church_n at_o this_o day_n and_o happy_a be_v it_o for_o we_o be_v it_o keep_v up_o in_o its_o due_a power_n and_o vigour_n sure_o i_o be_o it_o be_v too_o plain_a that_o many_o of_o our_o unhappy_a breach_n and_o controversy_n in_o religion_n do_v if_o not_o whole_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n owe_v their_o birth_n and_o rise_v to_o the_o neglect_n and_o contempt_n of_o this_o excellent_a usage_n of_o the_o church_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o in_o the_o ancient_a church_n the_o person_n dispense_n this_o ordinance_n who_o the_o person_n communicate_v the_o baptise_a or_o the_o faithful_a suspension_n from_o this_o ordinance_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n the_o eucharist_n send_v home_o to_o they_o that_o can_v not_o be_v present_a the_o case_n of_o serapion_n a_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n to_o give_v the_o sacrament_n to_o person_n when_o dead_a if_o they_o die_v before_o they_o can_v receive_v it_o and_o why_o the_o eucharist_n keep_v by_o person_n at_o home_n send_v abroad_o this_o lay_v aside_o and_o in_o its_o stead_n eulogiae_fw-la or_o piece_n of_o consecrate_a bread_n send_v from_o one_o church_n to_o another_o as_o token_n of_o communion_n the_o time_n of_o its_o administration_n sometime_o in_o the_o morning_n sometime_o at_o night_n vary_v according_o to_o the_o peace_n they_o enjoy_v how_o oft_o they_o receive_v the_o eucharist_n at_o first_o every_o day_n this_o continue_v in_o cyprian_n time_n four_o time_n a_o week_n afterward_o less_o frequent_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o receive_v the_o church_n ordinary_o not_o lawful_a to_o consecrate_v it_o elsewhere_o oblation_n make_v by_o person_n before_o their_o communicate_v their_o agapae_n or_o love-feast_n what_o whether_o before_o or_o after_o the_o sacrament_n how_o long_o continue_v in_o the_o church_n the_o manner_n of_o celebrate_v this_o sacrament_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a author_n the_o holy_a kiss_n the_o general_a prayer_n for_o the_o church_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o consecration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n the_o form_n of_o it_o out_o of_o s._n ambrose_n the_o bread_n common_a bread_n the_o sacramental_a wine_n mix_v with_o water_n this_o no_o necessary_a part_n of_o the_o institution_n why_o probable_o use_v in_o those_o country_n the_o posture_n of_o receive_v not_o always_o the_o same_o sing_v psalm_n during_o the_o time_n of_o celebration_n follow_v with_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n the_o whole_a action_n conclude_v with_o the_o kiss_n of_o peace_n the_o holy_a eucharist_n or_o supper_n of_o our_o lord_n be_v a_o rite_n so_o solemn_o institute_v and_o of_o such_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v place_n according_o among_o the_o ancient_n in_o their_o public_a office_n and_o devotion_n in_o speak_v to_o which_o i_o shall_v much_o what_o observe_v the_o same_o method_n i_o do_v in_o treat_v concern_v baptism_n consider_v the_o person_n the_o time_n the_o place_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o celebration_n the_o person_n administer_a be_v the_o ordinary_a pastor_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o church_n those_o who_o be_v set_v apart_o for_o the_o ministration_n of_o holy_a office_n the_o institution_n be_v begin_v by_o our_o lord_n himself_o and_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o by_o he_o commit_v to_o his_o apostle_n and_o to_o their_o ordinary_a successor_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n 102._o we_o find_v in_o tertullian_n that_o they_o never_o receive_v it_o from_o any_o but_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o precedent_n which_o must_v either_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o particular_a custom_n of_o that_o church_n where_o he_o live_v or_o of_o consecration_n only_o for_o otherwise_o the_o custom_n be_v when_o the_o bishop_n or_o precedent_n have_v by_o solemn_a prayer_n and_o blessing_n consecrate_v the_o sacramental_a element_n for_o the_o deacon_n to_o distribute_v they_o to_o the_o people_n as_o well_o to_o those_o that_o be_v absent_a as_o to_o they_o that_o be_v present_a 97._o as_o justin_n martyr_v express_o affirm_v and_o as_o the_o custom_n general_o be_v afterward_o for_o the_o person_n communicate_v at_o this_o sacrament_n at_o first_o the_o whole_a church_n or_o body_n of_o christian_n within_o such_o a_o space_n that_o have_v embrace_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o be_v baptize_v into_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n use_v constant_o to_o meet_v together_o at_o the_o lord_n table_n as_o christian_n multiply_v and_o a_o more_o exact_a discipline_n become_v necessary_a none_o be_v admit_v to_o this_o ordinance_n till_o they_o have_v arrive_v at_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o faithful_a for_o who_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o catechuman_n i._n
endeavour_n to_o find_v out_o many_o mystical_a signification_n intend_v by_o it_o and_o seem_v to_o intimate_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v peculiar_o warn_v of_o god_n to_o observe_v it_o according_a to_o that_o manner_n 105._o a_o argument_n which_o that_o good_a man_n often_o produce_v as_o his_o warrant_n to_o knock_v down_o a_o controversy_n when_o other_o argument_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o do_v it_o but_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o our_o saviour_n do_v so_o use_v it_o in_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o supper_n the_o wine_n of_o those_o eastern_a country_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o generous_a and_o that_o our_o saviour_n as_o all_o sober_a and_o temperate_a person_n may_v probable_o abate_v its_o strength_n with_o water_n of_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o history_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v whole_o silent_a yet_o this_o be_v a_o thing_n in_o itself_o indifferent_a and_o accidental_a and_o no_o way_n necessary_a to_o the_o sacrament_n can_v not_o be_v obligatory_a to_o the_o church_n but_o may_v either_o be_v do_v or_o let_v alone_o the_o posture_n wherein_o they_o receive_v it_o be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o the_o apostle_n at_o the_o institution_n of_o it_o by_o our_o saviour_n receive_v it_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o jew_n at_o meal_n at_o that_o time_n lie_v along_o on_o their_o side_n upon_o bed_n round_o about_o the_o table_n how_o long_o this_o way_n of_o receive_v last_v i_o find_v not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o dionysius_n alexandrinus_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o stand_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n 255._o as_o he_o intimate_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o pope_n xystus_n other_o gesture_n be_v take_v in_o as_o the_o prudence_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o church_n judge_v most_o decent_a and_o comely_a for_o such_o a_o solemn_a action_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o communicate_v and_o not_o as_o the_o superstition_n of_o after-age_n bring_v in_o injected_a or_o throw_v into_o their_o mouth_n 545._o cyrill_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o use_v to_o stretch_v out_o their_o right_a hand_n put_v their_o left_a hand_n under_o it_o either_o to_o prevent_v any_o of_o the_o sacramental_a bread_n from_o fall_v down_o trull_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o hereby_o to_o shadow_v out_o a_o kind_n of_o figure_n of_o a_o cross_n 101._o during_o the_o time_n of_o administration_n which_o in_o populous_a congregation_n be_v no_o little_a time_n they_o sing_v hymn_n and_o psalm_n the_o compiler_n of_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n particular_o mention_n the_o 33._o psalm_n which_o be_v do_v 1023._o the_o whole_a action_n be_v solemn_o conclude_v with_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n eccl._n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v likewise_o set_v down_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n that_o god_n have_v think_v they_o worthy_a to_o participate_v of_o such_o sacred_a mystery_n 546._o and_o the_o people_n be_v bless_v by_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o assembly_n and_o have_v again_o salute_v each_o other_o with_o a_o kiss_n of_o peace_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o their_o hearty_a love_n and_o kindness_n whence_o tertullian_n call_v this_o kiss_n signaculum_fw-la orationis_fw-la 14._o the_o seal_n of_o prayer_n the_o assembly_n break_v up_o and_o they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o house_n this_o for_o the_o main_n be_v the_o order_n wherein_o the_o first_o christian_n celebrate_v this_o holy_a sacrament_n for_o though_o i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o set_v down_o every_o thing_n in_o that_o precise_a and_o punctual_a order_n wherein_o they_o be_v always_o do_v and_o how_o shall_v i_o when_o they_o often_o vary_v according_a to_o time_n and_o place_n yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o who_o ever_o examine_v the_o usage_n of_o those_o time_n will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v do_v as_o near_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o part._n primitive_a christianity_n 2._o or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n part_n ii_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n as_o to_o those_o virtue_n that_o respect_v themselves_o chap._n i._n of_o their_o humility_n this_o second_o branch_n of_o religion_n comprehend_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o sobriety_n and_o discover_v in_o some_o great_a instance_n of_o it_o the_o proper_a tendency_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n to_o beget_v humility_n this_o divine_a temper_n eminent_o visible_a in_o the_o first_o christian_n make_v good_a out_o of_o their_o write_n the_o great_a humility_n and_o self-denial_n of_o cyprian_a what_o nazianzen_n report_v to_o this_o purpose_n of_o his_o own_o father_n their_o modest_a decline_v that_o just_a commendation_n that_o be_v due_a to_o they_o many_o who_o suffer_v refuse_v the_o honourable_a title_n of_o martyr_n nazianzen_n vindication_n of_o they_o against_o the_o suggestion_n of_o julian_n the_o apostate_n the_o singular_a meekness_n and_o condescension_n of_o nebridius_fw-la amid_o all_o his_o honour_n and_o relation_n at_o court_n their_o stoop_v to_o the_o vile_a office_n and_o for_o the_o mean_a person_n dress_v and_o minister_a to_o the_o sick_a wash_v the_o saint_n foot_n kiss_v the_o martyr_n chain_n the_o remarkable_a humility_n of_o placilla_n the_o empress_n and_o the_o lady_n paula_n a_o excellent_a discourse_n of_o nyssen'_n against_o pride_n next_o to_o piety_n towards_o god_n succeed_v that_o part_n of_o religion_n that_o immediate_o respect_v ourselves_o express_v by_o the_o apostle_n under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o sobriety_n or_o the_o keep_n ourselves_o within_o those_o bound_n and_o measure_n which_o god_n have_v set_v we_o virtue_n for_o which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v no_o less_o renown_v than_o for_o the_o other_o among_o they_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o their_o humility_n their_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n their_o temperance_n and_o sobriety_n their_o courage_n and_o constancy_n and_o their_o exemplary_a patience_n under_o suffering_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o humility_n be_v a_o virtue_n that_o seem_v more_o proper_a to_o the_o gospel_n for_o though_o philosopher_n now_o and_o then_o speak_v a_o few_o good_a word_n concern_v it_o yet_o it_o find_v no_o real_a entertainment_n in_o their_o life_n be_v general_o animalia_fw-la gloriae_fw-la creature_n puff_v up_o with_o wind_n and_o emptiness_n and_o that_o sacrifice_v only_o to_o their_o own_o praise_n and_o honour_n whereas_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n immediate_o tend_v to_o level_v all_o proud_a and_o swell_a apprehension_n to_o plant_v the_o world_n with_o mildness_n and_o modesty_n and_o to_o clothe_v man_n with_o humility_n and_o the_o ornament_n of_o a_o meek_a and_o a_o quiet_a spirit_n by_o these_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o dwell_v at_o home_n and_o to_o converse_v more_o familiar_o with_o ourselves_o to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o our_o own_o deficiency_n and_o imperfection_n and_o rather_o to_o admire_v other_o than_o to_o advance_v ourselves_o for_o the_o proper_a notion_n of_o humility_n lie_v in_o a_o low_a and_o mean_a estimation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o a_o answerable_a carriage_n towards_o other_o not_o think_v of_o ourselves_o more_o high_o than_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v nor_o be_v unwilling_a that_o other_o man_n shall_v value_v we_o at_o the_o same_o rate_n now_o that_o this_o be_v the_o excellent_a spirit_n of_o primitive_a christianity_n will_v appear_v if_o we_o consider_v how_o earnest_o they_o protest_v against_o all_o ambitious_a and_o vainglorious_a design_n how_o cheerful_o they_o condescend_v to_o the_o mean_a office_n and_o employment_n how_o studious_o they_o decline_v all_o advantage_n of_o applause_n and_o credit_n how_o ready_a they_o be_v rather_o to_o give_v praise_n to_o other_o than_o to_o take_v it_o to_o themselves_o in_o honour_n prefer_v one_o another_o 3._o s._n clemens_n high_o commend_v his_o corinthian_n that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v of_o a_o humble_a temper_n in_o nothing_o give_v to_o vainglory_n subject_n unto_o other_o rather_o than_o subject_v other_o to_o themselves_o ready_a to_o give_v rather_o than_o receive_v 17._o according_o he_o exhort_v they_o especial_o after_o they_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o little_a faction_n and_o disorder_n still_o to_o be_v humble-minded_n to_o lay_v aside_o all_o haughtiness_n and_o pride_n foolishness_n and_o anger_n and_o not_o to_o glory_v in_o wisdom_n 20._o strength_n or_o riches_n but_o let_v he_o that_o glory_n glory_n in_o the_o lord_n and_o to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o sceptre_n of_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n who_o come_v not_o in_o the_o vain-boasting_a of_o arrogancy_n and_o pride_n although_o able_a to_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o please_v but_o in_o great_a meekness_n and_o humility_n of_o mind_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n without_o any_o form_n or_o comeliness_n or_o any_o beauty_n that_o he_o
of_o a_o second_o wickedness_n like_v to_o that_o which_o they_o commit_v against_o socrates_n and_o lest_o they_o again_o offend_v against_o the_o majesty_n of_o philosophy_n it_o be_v alas_o not_o kindness_n to_o the_o athenian_n but_o cowardice_n and_o fear_n of_o punishment_n make_v he_o so_o hasty_o pack_v up_o and_o be_v go_v and_o leave_v his_o opinion_n behind_o he_o to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v 33._o nay_o eunapius_n himself_o confess_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n when_o paganism_n begin_v to_o go_v down_o the_o wind_n and_o christianity_n to_o be_v advance_v and_o honour_v their_o best_a philosopher_n the_o great_a scholar_n of_o jamblichus_n take_v sanctuary_n at_o a_o mysterious_a secrecy_n and_o wise_o keep_v their_o dogmata_fw-la and_o opinion_n to_o themselves_o seal_v up_o under_o a_o profound_a and_o religious_a silence_n no_o they_o be_v the_o christian_n only_o the_o very_o mean_a of_o who_o dare_v stand_v by_o and_o defend_v naked_a truth_n in_o the_o face_n of_o danger_n and_o death_n itself_o this_o be_v as_o eusebius_n note_v one_o of_o the_o most_o wonderful_a thing_n in_o christian_a religion_n 14._o that_o they_o who_o embrace_v it_o be_v not_o only_o ready_a to_o profess_v it_o in_o word_n but_o entertain_v it_o with_o such_o a_o mighty_a affection_n and_o sincerity_n of_o soul_n as_o willing_o to_o prefer_v the_o bear_a testimony_n to_o it_o even_o before_o life_n itself_o and_o indeed_o this_o piece_n of_o right_n be_v do_v they_o by_o pliny_n himself_o 10._o where_o speak_v of_o some_o who_o have_v be_v accuse_v for_o christian_n to_o show_v how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o it_o ready_o blaspheme_v christ_n and_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n he_o add_v none_o of_o which_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o who_o be_v true_o christian_n can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v compel_v to_o do_v nay_o thus_o much_o be_v confess_v by_o the_o oracle_n itself_o for_o when_o porphyry_n the_o great_a philosopher_n and_o acute_a enemy_n of_o the_o christian_n inquire_v of_o apollo_n oracle_n what_o god_n he_o shall_v make_v his_o address_n to_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o wife_n back_o from_o christianity_n the_o oracle_n return_v he_o this_o answer_n affect_v as_o himself_o report_v it_o in_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v corrupt_o in_o s._n augustin_n a_o book_n frequent_o cite_v both_o by_o eusebius_n and_o theodoret_n where_o by_o the_o way_n in_o the_o latin_a version_n of_o theodoret_n it_o be_v by_o a_o strange_a mistake_n render_v de_fw-la electorum_fw-la philosophia_fw-la as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o this_o book_n concern_v the_o philosophy_n draw_v from_o oracle_n he_o tell_v we_o he_o receive_v this_o answer_n that_o he_o may_v as_o well_o and_o to_o better_a purpose_n attempt_v to_o write_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n or_o to_o fly_v like_o a_o bird_n in_o the_o air_n than_o to_o reduce_v his_o wife_n from_o those_o wicked_a sentiment_n she_o have_v take_v in_o and_o this_o be_v so_o common_a and_o notorious_a that_o it_o become_v in_o a_o manner_n proverbial_a whence_o that_o of_o galen_n when_o he_o will_v express_v how_o pertinacious_o the_o philosopher_n adhere_v to_o those_o sentiment_n they_o have_v once_o drink_v in_o 3._o and_o how_o very_o hard_a and_o almost_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o convince_v they_o soon_o say_v he_o may_v a_o man_n undeceive_v a_o jew_n or_o a_o christian_a and_o make_v they_o renounce_v the_o doctrine_n of_o moses_n or_o of_o christ_n than_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n that_o be_v once_o addict_v to_o their_o several_a sect_n chap._n vii_o of_o their_o exemplary_a patience_n under_o suffering_n christianity_n likely_a to_o engage_v its_o follower_n in_o suffering_n and_o why_o continual_a edict_n put_v forth_o against_o christian_n the_o form_n of_o those_o imperial_a order_n exemplify_v out_o of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o martyr_n the_o fierce_a opposition_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o their_o probable_a hope_n of_o have_v destroy_v christianity_n evidence_v from_o several_a inscription_n to_o that_o purpose_n find_v in_o spain_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o torment_n christian_n endure_v some_o of_o the_o ordinary_a kind_n of_o they_o describe_v the_o cross_n the_o pain_n and_o ignominy_n of_o it_o person_n crucify_v with_o their_o head_n downward_o the_o rack_n what_o catasta_n ad_fw-la pulpitum_fw-la post_fw-la catastam_fw-la ungulae_fw-la one_o of_o these_o keep_v and_o adore_v as_o a_o relic_n at_o rome_n the_o wheel_n burn_v throw_v to_o wild_a beast_n be_v condemn_v to_o mine_n their_o treatment_n there_o and_o the_o case_n of_o such_o person_n some_o of_o the_o extraordinary_a way_n of_o punishment_n use_v towards_o christian_n tear_v asunder_o by_o branch_n of_o tree_n burn_v in_o pitch_a coat_n boil_v in_o pot_n of_o oil_n or_o lead_n etc._n etc._n their_o carriage_n under_o these_o suffering_n sedate_v and_o calm_v meek_a and_o patient_a their_o refuse_v to_o make_v use_n of_o opportunity_n to_o avoid_v suffer_v whether_o they_o may_v fly_v and_o withdraw_v in_o time_n of_o persecution_n allow_v and_o practise_v in_o some_o case_n two_o instanced_a in_o where_o person_n be_v of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a use_n and_o eminency_n where_o they_o be_v weak_a for_o the_o present_a and_o not_o like_a to_o hold_v out_o prove_v by_o particular_a instance_n their_o cheerful_a offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o enemy_n confess_v by_o the_o relation_n of_o their_o judge_n and_o bitter_a adversary_n tiberianus_n arrius_n antoninus_n lucian_n the_o earnest_a desire_n of_o martyrdom_n in_o ignatius_n laurentius_n origen_n and_o other_o when_o unjust_o condemn_v their_o judge_n thank_v for_o condemn_v they_o their_o glory_v in_o suffering_n and_o be_v crucify_v babylas_n the_o martyr_n chain_n bury_v with_o he_o no_o sign_n of_o a_o impatient_a mind_n under_o their_o bitter_a torment_n a_o account_n of_o their_o cheerful_a suffering_n out_o of_o cyprian_a their_o patience_n wonder_v at_o by_o their_o enemy_n their_o grand_a support_n under_o suffer_v the_o hope_n and_o assurance_n of_o a_o reward_n in_o heaven_n the_o case_n of_o the_o forty_o martyr_n in_o s._n basil_n psalm_n sing_v at_o the_o funeral_n of_o christian_n and_o light_n carry_v before_o the_o corpse_n and_o why_o christianity_n vast_o increase_v by_o the_o patience_n and_o constancy_n of_o christian_n martyr_n account_n of_o his_o conversion_n by_o this_o mean_n julian_n general_o refuse_v to_o put_v christian_n to_o death_n and_o why_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a heathen_n corcern_v the_o christian_n conrage_v and_o patience_n under_o suffering_n that_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o its_o first_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n be_v likely_a to_o engage_v its_o follower_n in_o misery_n and_o suffering_n can_v not_o be_v unknown_a to_o any_o that_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o its_o doctrine_n and_o the_o tendency_n of_o its_o design_n the_o severity_n of_o its_o precept_n so_o direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o corrupt_a and_o vicious_a inclination_n of_o man_n the_o purity_n of_o its_o worship_n so_o flat_o contrary_a to_o the_o loose_a and_o obscene_a rite_n and_o solemnity_n of_o the_o heathen_n its_o absolute_a inconsistency_n with_o those_o religion_n which_o have_v obtain_v for_o so_o many_o age_n which_o then_o have_v such_o firm_a possession_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o all_o the_o power_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o world_n to_o secure_v and_o back_v they_o can_v not_o prophesy_v to_o it_o any_o kind_n or_o welcome_a entertainment_n this_o sect_n for_o so_o they_o call_v it_o be_v every_o where_o not_o only_o speak_v but_o fight_v against_o for_o since_o man_n have_v a_o natural_a veneration_n for_o antiquity_n and_o especial_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n they_o think_v themselves_o concern_v to_o defend_v that_o way_n that_o have_v be_v convey_v to_o they_o from_o their_o ancestor_n and_o to_o set_v themselves_o with_o might_n and_o main_a against_o whatever_o may_v oppose_v it_o especial_o the_o great_a one_o of_o those_o time_n and_o the_o roman_a emperor_n make_v it_o their_o master-design_n to_o oppress_v and_o stifle_v this_o infant_n religion_n and_o to_o banish_v it_o out_o of_o the_o world_n hence_o those_o imperial_a order_n that_o be_v daily_o send_v abroad_o into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o command_v and_o empower_v their_o governor_n to_o ruin_n and_o destroy_v the_o christian_n of_o which_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o apprehend_v the_o form_n of_o they_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o set_v down_o one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o out_o of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o martyr_n this_o follow_v be_v agree_v upon_o both_o by_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o whole_a senate_n of_o rome_n decius_n and_o valerian_n emperor_n martyr_n triumpher_n
the_o public_a treasury_n and_o themselves_o for_o ever_o reduce_v into_o the_o condition_n of_o slave_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o more_o usual_a way_n of_o punishment_n among_o the_o roman_n though_o exercise_v towards_o the_o christian_n in_o their_o utmost_a rigour_n and_o severity_n i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o christian_n be_v scourge_v and_o whip_v even_o to_o the_o tire_a of_o their_o executioner_n especial_o with_o rod_n call_v plumbatae_fw-la whereof_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n in_o the_o theodosian_a code_n which_o be_v scourge_n make_v of_o cord_n or_o thong_n with_o leaden_a bullet_n at_o the_o end_n of_o they_o of_o their_o be_v stone_v to_o death_n their_o be_v behead_v their_o be_v thrust_v into_o stink_a and_o nasty_a prison_n where_o they_o be_v set_v in_o a_o kind_n of_o stock_n with_o five_o hole_n their_o leg_n be_v stretch_v asunder_o to_o reach_v from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o we_o shall_v now_o consider_v some_o few_o of_o those_o unusual_a torment_n and_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v only_o upon_o christian_n or_o if_o upon_o any_o other_o only_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n such_o be_v their_o be_v tie_v to_o arm_n of_o tree_n bend_v by_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n by_o certain_a engine_n and_o be_v sudden_o let_v go_v do_v in_o a_o moment_n tear_v the_o martyr_n in_o piece_n in_o which_o way_n many_o be_v put_v to_o death_n in_o the_o persecution_n at_o thebais_n 300._o sometime_o they_o be_v clad_v with_o coat_n of_o paper_n linen_n or_o such_o like_a daub_v in_o the_o inside_n with_o pitch_n and_o brimstone_n which_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n they_o be_v burn_v alive_a otherwhile_o they_o be_v shut_v into_o the_o belly_n of_o a_o brazen_a bull_n and_o a_o fire_n be_v kindle_v under_o it_o be_v consume_v with_o a_o torment_n beyond_o imagination_n sometime_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o great_a pot_n or_o cauldron_n full_a of_o boil_a pitch_n oil_n lead_v or_o wax_v mix_v together_o or_o have_v these_o fatal_a liquor_n by_o hole_n make_v on_o purpose_n pour_v into_o their_o bowel_n some_o of_o they_o be_v hang_v up_o by_o one_o or_o both_o hand_n with_o stone_n of_o great_a weight_n tie_v to_o their_o foot_n to_o augment_v their_o suffering_n other_o be_v anoint_v all_o over_o their_o body_n with_o honey_n and_o at_o midday_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pole_n that_o they_o may_v be_v a_o prey_n to_o fly_n wasp_n and_o such_o little_a cattle_n as_o might_n by_o degree_n sting_v and_o torment_v they_o to_o death_n thus_o beside_o many_o other_o it_o be_v with_o marcus_n bishop_n of_o arethusa_n 〈◊〉_d a_o venerable_a old_a man_n who_o suffer_v under_o julian_n the_o apostate_n after_o infinite_a other_o torture_n they_o daub_v he_o over_o with_o honey_n and_o jelly_n and_o in_o a_o basket_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pole_n expose_v he_o to_o the_o hot_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o such_o little_a infect_v as_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o prey_v upon_o he_o sometime_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o rot_a ship_n which_o be_v turn_v out_o to_o sea_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n thus_o they_o serve_v a_o orthodox_n presbyter_n under_o valens_n the_o arrian_n emperor_n 227._o the_o same_o which_o socrates_n report_v of_o fourscore_o pious_a and_o devout_a man_n who_o by_o the_o same_o emperor_n command_n be_v thrust_v into_o a_o ship_n which_o be_v bring_v into_o open_a sea_n be_v present_o fire_v that_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v also_o want_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o burial_n and_o indeed_o the_o rage_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o gentile_n do_v not_o only_o reach_v the_o christian_n while_o alive_a but_o extend_v to_o they_o after_o death_n deny_v they_o what_o have_v be_v otherwise_o grant_v among_o the_o most_o barbarous_a people_n the_o conveniency_n of_o burial_n expose_v they_o to_o the_o ravage_v and_o fierceness_n of_o dog_n and_o beast_n of_o prey_n 334._o a_o thing_n which_o we_o be_v tell_v the_o primitive_a christian_n reckon_v as_o not_o the_o least_o aggravation_n of_o their_o suffering_n nay_o where_o they_o have_v be_v quiet_o bury_v they_o be_v not_o suffer_v many_o time_n as_o tertullian_n complain_v to_o enjoy_v the_o asylum_n of_o the_o grave_n 30._o but_o be_v pluck_v out_o rend_v and_o tear_v in_o piece_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o any_o long_a to_o insist_v upon_o these_o thing_n soon_o may_v a_o man_n tell_v the_o star_n than_o reckon_v up_o all_o those_o method_n of_o misery_n and_o suffer_v which_o the_o christian_n endure_v 307._o eusebius_n who_o himself_o be_v a_o sad_a spectator_n of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a persecution_n profess_v to_o give_v over_o the_o account_n as_o a_o thing_n beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o expression_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o suffering_n and_o the_o person_n that_o suffer_v be_v hard_o nay_o impossible_a to_o be_v reckon_v up_o the_o truth_n be_v as_o he_o there_o observe_v and_o cyprian_a plain_o tell_v demetrian_n of_o it_o their_o enemy_n do_v little_a else_o but_o set_v their_o wit_n upon_o the_o tenter_n to_o find_v out_o the_o most_o exquisite_a method_n of_o torture_n and_o punishment_n 200._o they_o be_v not_o content_a with_o those_o old_a way_n of_o torment_n which_o their_o forefather_n have_v bring_v in_o but_o by_o a_o ingenious_a cruelty_n daily_o invent_v new_a strive_v to_o excel_v one_o another_o in_o this_o piece_n of_o hellish_a art_n and_o account_v those_o the_o witty_a person_n that_o can_v invent_v the_o bitter_a and_o most_o barbarous_a engine_n of_o execution_n and_o in_o this_o they_o improve_v so_o much_o that_o ulpian_n master_n of_o record_n to_o alexander_n severus_n the_o emperor_n and_o the_o great_a oracle_n of_o those_o time_n for_o law_n write_v several_a book_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la proconsulis_fw-la many_o parcel_n whereof_o be_v yet_o extant_a in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o seven_o book_n collect_v together_o the_o several_a bloody_a edict_n which_o the_o emperor_n have_v put_v out_o against_o the_o christian_n that_o he_o may_v show_v by_o what_o way_n and_o method_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o destroy_v 491._o as_o lactantius_n tell_v we_o but_o this_o book_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v christian_n be_v not_o now_o extant_a the_o zeal_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n emperor_n have_v banish_v all_o book_n of_o that_o nature_n out_o of_o the_o world_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n 1._o where_o he_o command_v the_o write_n of_o porphyry_n and_o all_o other_o that_o have_v write_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n to_o be_v burn_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o have_v no_o more_o book_n of_o the_o heathen_n concern_v the_o christian_n extant_a at_o this_o day_n have_v give_v this_o brief_a specimen_fw-la of_o some_o few_o of_o those_o grievous_a torment_n to_o which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v expose_v they_o that_o will_v have_v more_o must_v read_v the_o martyrology_n of_o the_o church_n or_o such_o as_o have_v purposely_o witten_v on_o this_o subject_n we_o come_v next_o to_o consider_v what_o be_v their_o behaviour_n and_o carriage_n under_o they_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o have_v be_v most_o sedate_n and_o calm_v most_o constant_a and_o resolute_a they_o neither_o faint_v nor_o fret_v neither_o rail_v at_o their_o enemy_n nor_o sink_v under_o their_o hand_n but_o bear_v up_o under_o the_o heavy_a torment_n under_o the_o bitter_a reproach_n with_o a_o meekness_n and_o patience_n that_o be_v invincible_a and_o such_o as_o every_o way_n become_v the_o mild_a and_o yet_o generous_a spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n so_o justin_n martyr_n tell_v the_o jew_n 236._o we_o patient_o bear_v say_v he_o all_o the_o mischief_n which_o be_v bring_v upon_o we_o either_o by_o man_n or_o devil_n even_o to_o the_o extremity_n of_o death_n and_o torment_n pray_v for_o those_o that_o thus_o treat_v we_o that_o they_o may_v find_v mercy_n not_o desire_v to_o hurt_v or_o revenge_v ourselves_o upon_o any_o that_o injure_v we_o according_a as_o our_o great_a lawgiver_n have_v command_v we_o laudib_n thus_o eusebius_n report_v the_o hard_a usage_n which_o the_o christian_n meet_v with_o during_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n 622._o tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v betray_v and_o butcher_v by_o their_o own_o friend_n and_o brethren_n but_o they_o as_o courageous_a champion_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n accustom_v to_o prefer_v a_o honourable_a death_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o truth_n before_o life_n itself_o little_o regard_v the_o cruel_a usage_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o it_o but_o rather_o as_o become_v true_a soldier_n of_o god_n arm_v with_o patience_n they_o laugh_v at_o all_o method_n of_o execution_n fire_n and_o sword_n and_o the_o piercing_n of_o nail_n wild_a beast_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o
christian_a religion_n the_o gospel_n principal_o enjoin_v kindness_n and_o charity_n the_o primitive_a christian_n eminent_o of_o this_o spirit_n they_o account_v all_o brethren_n but_o christian_n more_o especial_o their_o mutual_a love_n note_v and_o record_v by_o their_o enemy_n their_o mighty_a zeal_n and_o charity_n for_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n to_o recover_v they_o from_o vice_n and_o error_n to_o truth_n and_o virtue_n this_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o daily_a prayer_n and_o most_o serious_a endeavour_n even_o towards_o their_o great_a enemy_n pamphilus_n his_o charity_n in_o bestow_v bibles_n free_o upon_o the_o poor_a preacher_n maintain_v for_o convert_v the_o gentile_a phoenicians_n to_o christianity_n the_o famous_a story_n of_o john_n hazard_v himself_n for_o the_o regain_n a_o young_a man_n debauch_v by_o bad_a companion_n monica_n care_n and_o solicitude_n about_o s._n augustin_n some_o that_o have_v sell_v themselves_o for_o slave_n that_o they_o may_v convert_v 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parabolani_n who_o their_o office_n and_o number_n redemption_n of_o captive_n great_a sum_n contribute_v by_o cyprian_a and_o his_o people_n for_o it_o church-plate_n sell_v to_o redeem_v christian_n nay_o captive_a enemy_n christian_n embondage_v themselves_o to_o redeem_v other_o the_o strange_a charity_n of_o paulinus_n bishop_n of_o nola_n make_v himself_o a_o slave_n to_o ransom_v a_o poor_a widow_n son_n their_o care_n about_o the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a decent_a burial_n very_o fit_a and_o desirable_a a_o piece_n of_o piety_n remarkable_a in_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n their_o abstain_v from_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o burn_v the_o dead_a as_o barbarous_a the_o great_a cost_n they_o lay_v out_o upon_o their_o funeral_n in_o embalm_v intomb_v etc._n etc._n the_o copiatae_n who_o what_o their_o office_n and_o order_n the_o decani_fw-la or_o dean_n in_o the_o church_n of_o constantinople_n their_o number_n and_o duty_n their_o provide_v fit_a place_n of_o sepulture_n their_o coemeteria_fw-la or_o burying-place_n in_o the_o field_n bury_v in_o city_n and_o church_n when_o bring_v in_o and_o to_o who_o first_o grant_v their_o coemeteria_fw-la under_o ground_n what_o kind_n of_o place_n they_o be_v the_o great_a number_n and_o vast_a capacity_n of_o they_o a_o particular_a account_n of_o one_o out_o of_o baronius_n discover_v in_o his_o time_n how_o the_o christian_n be_v enable_v to_o all_o these_o act_n of_o charity_n at_o first_o all_o in_o common_a after_o by_o usual_a contribution_n the_o stand_a stock_n or_o treasury_n of_o the_o church_n this_o charity_n of_o christian_n large_o attest_v by_o julian_n and_o lucian_n their_o love_n and_o charity_n universal_a do_v good_a to_o enemy_n a_o excellency_n proper_a to_o christian_n this_o manifest_v in_o several_a remarkable_a instance_n plain_o acknowledge_v by_o julian_n himself_o the_o whole_a sum_v up_o in_o a_o elegant_a discourse_n of_o lactantius_n concern_v mercy_n and_o charity_n that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v immediate_o design_v to_o improve_v and_o perfect_v the_o principle_n of_o humane_a nature_n appear_v as_o from_o many_o other_o instance_n of_o it_o so_o especial_o from_o this_o that_o it_o so_o strict_o enjoin_v cherish_v and_o promote_v that_o natural_a kindness_n and_o compassion_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prime_n and_o essential_a inclination_n of_o mankind_n wherever_o the_o gospel_n be_v cordial_o comply_v with_o it_o beget_v such_o a_o sweet_a and_o gracious_a temper_n of_o mind_n as_o make_v we_o humble_a affable_a courteous_a and_o charitable_a ready_a and_o dispose_v to_o every_o good_a work_n prompt_v to_o all_o office_n of_o humanity_n and_o kindness_n it_o file_v off_o the_o ruggedness_n of_o man_n nature_n banish_v a_o rude_a churlish_a and_o pharisaical_a temper_n and_o infuse_v a_o more_o calm_a and_o treatable_a disposition_n it_o command_v we_o to_o live_v and_o love_v as_o brethren_n to_o love_v without_o hypocrisy_n to_o have_v fervent_a charity_n among_o ourselves_o and_o to_o be_v kind_o affection_a one_o towards_o another_o it_o lay_v the_o sum_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o other_o in_o this_o to_o love_v our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o this_o our_o saviour_n seem_v to_o own_o as_o his_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a law_n and_o have_v ratify_v it_o with_o his_o own_o solemn_a sanction_n a_o new_a commandment_n i_o give_v unto_o you_o that_o you_o love_v one_o another_o as_o i_o have_v love_v you_o that_o you_o also_o love_v one_o another_o and_o then_o make_v this_o the_o great_a visible_a badge_n of_o all_o those_o who_o be_v true_o christian_n by_o this_o shall_v all_o man_n know_v that_o you_o be_v my_o disciple_n if_o you_o have_v love_v one_o to_o another_o and_o so_o indeed_o it_o be_v in_o those_o first_o and_o best_a age_n of_o religion_n for_o no_o soon_o do_v the_o gospel_n fly_v abroad_o into_o the_o world_n but_o the_o love_n and_o charity_n of_o christian_n become_v notorious_a even_o to_o a_o proverb_n the_o heathen_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n with_o this_o particular_a remark_n 31._o see_v how_o these_o christian_n love_v one_o another_o they_o be_v then_o unite_v in_o the_o most_o happy_a fraternity_n a_o word_n much_o use_v by_o christian_n in_o those_o day_n and_o object_v against_o they_o by_o the_o heathen_n they_o live_v as_o brethren_n and_o account_v themselves_o such_o not_o only_o as_o be_v spring_v from_o one_o common_a parent_n for_o in_o this_o respect_n that_o they_o have_v nature_n for_o their_o common_a mother_n 26._o they_o acknowledge_v the_o very_a heathen_n to_o be_v brethren_n though_o otherwise_o little_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o man_n but_o upon_o much_o high_a account_n viz._n that_o they_o have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o god_n for_o their_o father_n drink_v all_o of_o the_o same_o spirit_n of_o holiness_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o same_o womb_n of_o darkness_n and_o ignorance_n into_o the_o same_o light_n of_o truth_n that_o they_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o same_o faith_n and_o coheir_n of_o the_o same_o hope_n this_o lucian_n himself_o confess_v of_o they_o 2._o and_o that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a principle_n that_o their_o master_n instill_v into_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v all_o become_v brethren_n after_o once_o they_o have_v throw_v off_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n and_o have_v embrace_v the_o worship_n of_o their_o great_a crucify_a master_n and_o give_v up_o themselves_o to_o live_v according_a to_o his_o law_n the_o truth_n be_v so_o ready_a entire_a and_o constant_a be_v their_o kindness_n and_o familiarity_n that_o the_o heathen_n accuse_v they_o for_o have_v privy_a mark_n upon_o their_o body_n 7._o whereby_o they_o fall_v in_o love_n with_o each_o other_o at_o first_o sight_n indeed_o they_o never_o meet_v but_o they_o embrace_v one_o another_o with_o all_o the_o demonstration_n of_o a_o hearty_a and_o sincere_a affection_n salute_v each_o other_o with_o aâ—_n holy_a kiss_n not_o only_o in_o their_o own_o house_n but_o at_o their_o religious_a assembly_n as_o a_o badge_n and_o bond_n of_o that_o christian_a fellowship_n and_o communion_n that_o be_v maintain_v among_o they_o but_o the_o love_n and_o kindness_n of_o those_o christian_n of_o old_a do_v not_o lie_v only_o in_o a_o smooth_a complemental_a carriage_n or_o in_o a_o parcel_n of_o good_a word_n depart_v in_o peace_n be_v you_o warm_v or_o fill_v but_o in_o the_o real_a exercise_n of_o charity_n and_o mercy_n now_o because_o the_o two_o great_a object_n of_o charity_n be_v the_o good_a of_o man_n soul_n and_o their_o outward_a and_o bodily_a welfare_n and_o happiness_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v high_o eminent_a and_o exemplary_a for_o both_o these_o the_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o much_o high_a and_o noble_a nature_n and_o consequent_o infinite_o more_o precious_a and_o valuable_a than_o the_o body_n they_o be_v according_o infinite_o careful_a and_o solicitous_a to_o save_v man_n
we_o need_v it_o which_o ourselves_o have_v give_v unto_o other_o and_o what_o can_v more_o effectual_o induce_v we_o to_o relieve_v the_o indigent_a than_o to_o put_v ourselves_o into_o their_o stead_n who_o beg_v help_v from_o we_o if_o any_o be_v hungry_a let_v we_o feed_v he_o be_v he_o naked_a let_v we_o clothe_v he_o if_o wrong_v by_o a_o powerful_a oppressor_n let_v we_o rescue_v and_o receive_v he_o let_v our_o door_n be_v open_a to_o stranger_n and_o such_o who_o have_v not_o where_o to_o lay_v their_o head_n let_v not_o our_o assistance_n be_v want_v to_o widow_n and_o orphan_n and_o which_o be_v a_o mighty_a instance_n of_o charity_n let_v we_o redeem_v the_o captive_a visit_n and_o assist_v the_o sick_a who_o be_v able_a to_o take_v no_o care_n of_o themselves_o and_o for_o stranger_n and_o the_o poor_a in_o case_n they_o die_v let_v we_o not_o suffer_v they_o to_o want_v the_o conveniency_n of_o a_o grave_a these_o be_v the_o office_n and_o the_o work_n of_o mercy_n which_o whoever_o do_v offer_v up_o a_o true_a and_o grateful_a sacrifice_n to_o god_n who_o be_v not_o please_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o beast_n but_o the_o charity_n of_o man_n who_o therefore_o he_o treat_v upon_o their_o own_o term_n have_v mercy_n on_o they_o who_o he_o see_v merciful_a and_o be_v inexorable_a to_o those_o who_o shut_v up_o their_o bowel_n against_o they_o that_o ask_v they_o in_o order_n therefore_o to_o our_o thus_o please_a god_n let_v we_o make_v light_n of_o money_n and_o transmit_v it_o into_o the_o heavenly_a treasure_n where_o neither_o moth_n nor_o rust_n do_v corrupt_a nor_o thief_n break_v through_o and_o steal_v nor_o tyrant_n be_v able_a to_o seize_v and_o take_v it_o from_o we_o but_o where_o it_o shall_v be_v keep_v to_o our_o eternal_a advantage_n under_o the_o custody_n of_o god_n himself_o chap._n iii_o of_o their_o unity_n and_o peaceableness_n the_o law_n of_o christ_n tend_v to_o beget_v a_o peaceable_a disposition_n this_o see_v in_o our_o saviour_n himself_o in_o his_o apostle_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o christian_n the_o account_n justin_n martyr_n give_v of_o they_o the_o world_n overrun_v with_o quarrel_n before_o christ_n come_n the_o happy_a alteration_n that_o succeed_v upon_o his_o appearance_n in_o it_o this_o particular_o urge_v by_o eusebius_n how_o much_o christian_n contribute_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o quietness_n of_o the_o world_n their_o unity_n among_o themselves_o canonical_a epistle_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o their_o nature_n and_o tendency_n difference_n present_o endeavour_v to_o be_v heal_v the_o great_a care_n and_o solicitude_n of_o constantine_n that_o way_n a_o eminent_a instance_n of_o condescension_n and_o self-denial_n in_o gregory_n nazianzen_n for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o church_n difference_n in_o ritual_n and_o lesser_a matter_n no_o hindrance_n of_o peace_n and_o christian_a communion_n manifest_v in_o the_o case_n of_o polycarp_n and_o anicetus_n bishop_n of_o rome_n christian_n not_o provoke_v by_o every_o trifle_a quarrel_n the_o difference_n in_o this_o respect_n between_o they_o and_o the_o best_a philosopher_n the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v of_o such_o a_o meek_a compassionate_a and_o benevolent_a temper_n as_o we_o have_v represent_v they_o it_o can_v be_v think_v but_o that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o very_a quiet_a disposition_n and_o peaceable_a conversation_n and_o the_o have_v be_v so_o large_a in_o that_o will_v excuse_v i_o for_o be_v short_a in_o this_o when_o our_o bless_a saviour_n come_v to_o establish_v his_o religion_n in_o the_o world_n he_o give_v a_o law_n suitable_a to_o his_o nature_n and_o to_o the_o design_n of_o his_o come_n into_o the_o world_n and_o to_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o government_n as_o he_o be_v prince_n of_o peace_n a_o law_n of_o mildness_n and_o gentleness_n of_o submission_n and_o forbearance_n towards_o one_o another_o we_o be_v command_v to_o follow_v peace_n with_o all_o man_n to_o follow_v after_o the_o thing_n that_o make_v for_o peace_n as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v to_o live_v peaceable_o with_o all_o man_n we_o be_v forbid_v all_o feud_n and_o quarrel_n enjoin_v not_o to_o revenge_v ourselves_o but_o to_o give_v place_n unto_o wrath_n to_o let_v all_o bitterness_n and_o wrath_n and_o anger_n and_o clamour_n and_o evil_a speak_n be_v put_v away_o from_o we_o with_o all_o malice_n to_o be_v kind_a one_o to_o another_o tender_a heart_a forgive_a one_o another_o even_o as_o god_n for_o christ_n sake_n forgive_v we_o these_o be_v the_o law_n of_o christianity_n which_o whenever_o they_o be_v due_o entertain_v produce_v the_o most_o gentle_a and_o good_a nature_a principle_n the_o most_o innocent_a and_o quiet_a carriage_n this_o eminent_o appear_v in_o the_o life_n of_o our_o bless_a saviour_n who_o be_v the_o most_o incomparable_a instance_n of_o kindness_n and_o civility_n of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n we_o never_o find_v he_o all_o his_o life_n treat_v any_o with_o sharpness_n and_o severity_n but_o the_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n who_o be_v a_o pack_n of_o surly_a malicious_a ill-natured_a fellow_n and_o can_v be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o no_o other_o method_n otherwise_o his_o mildness_n and_o humility_n the_o affablity_n and_o obligingness_n of_o his_o conversation_n and_o his_o remarkable_a kindness_n to_o his_o great_a enemy_n be_v sufficient_o obvious_a both_o in_o his_o life_n and_o death_n and_o such_o be_v the_o temper_n of_o his_o disciple_n and_o follower_n this_o excellent_a spirit_n like_o leaven_n spread_v itself_o over_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o christian_n turn_v the_o brier_n into_o a_o myrtle-tree_a and_o the_o vulture_n into_o a_o dove_n see_v the_o account_n which_o justin_n the_o martyr_n give_v of_o they_o 61._o we_o who_o former_o value_v our_o money_n and_o estate_n before_o all_o thing_n else_o do_v now_o put_v they_o into_o a_o common_a stock_n and_o distribute_v they_o to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o need_n we_o who_o once_o hate_v each_o other_o and_o delight_v in_o mutal_a quarrel_n and_o slaughter_n and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n refuse_v to_o sit_v at_o the_o same_o fire_n with_o those_o who_o be_v not_o of_o our_o own_o tribe_n and_o party_n now_o since_o the_o appearance_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o world_n live_v familiar_o with_o they_o pray_v for_o our_o enemy_n and_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v those_o that_o unjust_o hate_v we_o to_o order_v their_o live_a according_a to_o the_o excellent_a precept_n of_o christ_n that_o so_o they_o may_v have_v good_a hope_n to_o obtain_v the_o same_o reward_n with_o we_o from_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o judge_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o this_o it_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o observe_v what_o a_o remarkable_a alteration_n in_o this_o respect_n the_o christian_a religion_n make_v in_o the_o world_n before_o christ_n come_v the_o word_n be_v general_o overrun_v with_o feud_n and_o quarrel_n mighty_a and_o almost_o implacable_a animosity_n and_o division_n reign_v among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n the_o jew_n look_v upon_o the_o gentile_n as_o dog_n and_o outcast_n refuse_v all_o deal_n with_o they_o even_o to_o the_o denial_n of_o courtesy_n of_o common_a charity_n and_o civility_n such_o as_o to_o tell_v a_o man_n the_o way_n or_o to_o give_v he_o a_o draught_n of_o water_n 9_o they_o reproach_v they_o as_o the_o vile_a and_o most_o profligate_v part_n of_o mankind_n juvenal_n sinner_n of_o the_o gentile_n 439._o as_o the_o apostle_n call_v they_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a style_n and_o title_n 15._o nor_o do_v the_o gentile_n less_o scorn_n and_o deride_v the_o jew_n as_o a_o pitiful_a and_o contemptible_a generation_n stop_v their_o nose_n and_o abhor_v the_o very_a sight_n of_o they_o if_o by_o chance_n they_o meet_v they_o 〈◊〉_d they_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o a_o unsociable_a people_n as_o enemy_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o wish_v well_o to_o any_o nay_o as_o hater_n even_o of_o mankind_n as_o tacitus_n and_o their_o enemy_n in_o josephus_n represent_v they_o the_o effect_n of_o all_o which_o be_v that_o they_o oppress_v and_o persecute_v they_o in_o every_o place_n tread_v they_o as_o dirt_n under_o their_o foot_n till_o at_o last_o the_o roman_n come_v and_o final_o take_v away_o both_o their_o place_n and_o nation_n thus_o stand_v the_o case_n between_o they_o till_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o peace_n 2._o who_o partly_o by_o his_o death_n whereby_o he_o break_v down_o the_o partition-wall_n between_o jew_n and_o gentile_n partly_o by_o the_o heal_a nature_n and_o tendency_n of_o his_o doctrine_n partly_o by_o the_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a carriage_n of_o his_o follower_n do_v quick_o extirpate_v and_o remove_v those_o mutual_a feud_n and_o animosity_n and_o silence_v those_o passionate_a and_o quarrelsome_a division_n
of_o the_o expiation_n of_o his_o crime_n embrace_v christianity_n be_v tell_v 534._o that_o in_o the_o christian_a religion_n there_o be_v a_o promise_n of_o cleanse_v from_o all_o fin_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o any_o close_v with_o it_o pardon_n will_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o most_o profligate_v offender_n as_o if_o christianity_n have_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o receptacle_n and_o sanctuary_n for_o rogue_n and_o villain_n where_o the_o worst_a of_o man_n may_v be_v wicked_a under_o hope_n of_o pardon_n but_o how_o false_a and_o groundless_a especial_o as_o urge_v and_o intend_v by_o they_o this_o impious_a charge_n be_v appear_v from_o the_o whole_a design_n and_o tenor_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o that_o more_o than_o ordinary_a vein_n of_o piety_n and_o strictness_n that_o be_v conspicuous_a in_o the_o life_n of_o its_o first_o professor_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o this_o treatise_n give_v abundant_a evidence_n to_o this_o representation_n of_o their_o life_n and_o manner_n i_o have_v add_v some_o account_n concern_v the_o ancient_a rite_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o church_n wherein_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v meet_v with_o something_o that_o do_v not_o jump_v with_o his_o own_o humour_n he_o will_v i_o doubt_v not_o have_v more_o discretion_n than_o to_o quarrel_v with_o i_o for_o set_v down_o thing_n as_o i_o find_v they_o but_o in_o this_o part_n i_o have_v say_v the_o less_o partly_o because_o this_o be_v not_o the_o thing_n i_o primary_o design_v partly_o because_o it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o other_o in_o just_a discourse_n in_o some_o few_o instance_n i_o have_v remark_v the_o corruption_n and_o degeneracy_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o purity_n and_o simplicity_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n and_o more_o i_o can_v easy_o have_v add_v but_o that_o i_o studious_o avoid_v controversy_n it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o my_o design_n to_o inquire_v what_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o father_n in_o disputable_a case_n especial_o the_o more_o abstruse_a and_o intricate_a speculation_n of_o theology_n but_o what_o be_v their_o practice_n and_o by_o what_o rule_n and_o measure_n they_o do_v govern_v and_o conduct_v their_o life_n the_o truth_n be_v their_o creed_n in_o the_o first_o age_n be_v short_a and_o simple_a op_n their_o faith_n lie_v then_o as_o erasmus_n observe_v not_o so_o much_o in_o nice_a and_o numerous_a article_n as_o in_o a_o good_a and_o a_o holy_a life_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n i_o have_v add_v a_o chronological_a index_n of_o the_o author_n according_a to_o the_o time_n wherein_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v live_v with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o edition_n of_o their_o work_n make_v use_v of_o in_o this_o treatise_n which_o i_o do_v not_o that_o i_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o tell_v the_o world_n either_o what_o or_o how_o many_o book_n i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o vanity_n of_o which_o have_v i_o be_v guilty_a it_o have_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o have_v furnish_v out_o a_o much_o large_a catalogue_n but_o i_o do_v it_o partly_o to_o gratify_v the_o request_n of_o the_o bookseller_n partly_o because_o i_o conceive_v it_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o unuseful_a to_o the_o reader_n the_o index_n to_o give_v some_o light_n to_o the_o quotation_n by_o know_v when_o the_o author_n live_v especial_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o thing_n do_v in_o or_o near_o his_o own_o time_n and_o which_o must_v otherwise_o have_v be_v do_v at_o every_o turn_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o book_n and_o because_o there_o be_v some_o write_n frequent_o make_v use_v of_o in_o this_o book_n the_o author_n whereof_o in_o this_o index_n can_v be_v reduce_v to_o no_o certain_a date_n especial_o those_o call_v the_o apostolical_a canon_n and_o constitution_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o here_o brief_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o and_o first_o for_o the_o canon_n as_o i_o be_o far_o from_o their_o opinion_n who_o ascribe_v they_o to_o the_o apostle_n so_o i_o think_v their_o great_a antagonist_n mr._n daillé_n bend_v the_o stick_n as_o much_o too_o far_o the_o other_o way_n not_o allow_v they_o a_o be_v in_o the_o world_n till_o the_o year_n 500_o or_o a_o little_a before_o the_o truth_n doubtless_o lie_v between_o these_o two_o it_o be_v evident_a both_o from_o the_o history_n of_o the_o church_n and_o many_o passage_n in_o tertullian_n cyprian_n and_o other_o that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o most_o early_a age_n of_o christianity_n frequent_a synod_n and_o council_n for_o settle_v the_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n though_o their_o determination_n under_o that_o notion_n be_v not_o extant_a at_o this_o day_n part_v of_o these_o synodical_a decree_n so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o concern_v the_o rite_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n we_o may_v conceive_v some_o person_n of_o learning_n and_o judgement_n gather_v together_o probable_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o three_o century_n and_o put_v they_o especial_o the_o first_o fifty_o for_o i_o look_v not_o upon_o the_o whole_a eighty_o five_o as_o of_o equal_a value_n and_o authority_n if_o not_o into_o the_o same_o into_o some_o such_o form_n and_o method_n wherein_o we_o now_o have_v they_o still_v they_o ecclesiastical_a or_o apostolical_a canon_n not_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v compose_v by_o the_o apostle_n but_o either_o because_o contain_v thing_n consonant_a to_o the_o doctrine_n and_o rule_n deliver_v by_o the_o apostle_n or_o because_o make_v up_o of_o usage_n and_o tradition_n suppose_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o they_o or_o last_o because_o make_v by_o ancient_a and_o apostolic_a man_n that_o many_o if_o not_o all_o of_o these_o canon_n be_v some_o considerable_a time_n extant_a before_o the_o first_o nicene_n council_n we_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o believe_v from_o two_o or_o three_o passage_n among_o many_o other_o 3._o s._n basil_n give_v rule_n about_o discipline_n appoint_v a_o deacon_n guilty_a of_o fornication_n to_o be_v depose_v and_o thrust_v down_o into_o the_o rank_n of_o laic_n and_o that_o in_o that_o capacity_n he_o may_v receive_v the_o communion_n there_o be_v say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o ancient_a canon_n that_o they_o that_o be_v depose_v shall_v only_o fall_v under_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n the_o ancient_n as_o i_o suppose_v follow_v herein_o that_o command_n thou_o shall_v not_o punish_v twice_o for_o the_o same_o fault_n this_o balsamon_n join_v with_o the_o twenty_o five_o canon_n of_o the_o apostle_n which_o treat_v of_o the_o very_a same_o affair_n and_o indeed_o it_o can_v in_o probability_n be_v mean_v of_o any_o other_o partly_o because_o there_o be_v no_o ancient_a canon_n that_o we_o know_v of_o in_o s._n basils_n time_n about_o this_o business_n but_o that_o partly_o because_o the_o same_o sentence_n be_v apply_v as_o the_o reason_n both_o in_o the_o apostolical_a and_o s._n basils_n canon_n thou_o shall_v not_o punish_v twice_o for_o the_o same_o fault_n which_o clear_o show_v whence_o basil_n have_v it_o and_o what_o he_o understand_v by_o his_o ancient_a canon_n 5._o theodoret_n record_v a_o letter_n of_o alexander_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n to_o another_o of_o the_o same_o name_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n this_o letter_n be_v write_v a_o little_a before_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a where_o speak_v of_o some_o bishop_n who_o have_v receive_v the_o arian_n who_o he_o have_v excommunicate_v into_o communion_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o herein_o they_o have_v do_v what_o the_o apostolical_a canon_n do_v not_o allow_v evident_o refer_v to_o the_o twelve_o and_o thirteen_o canon_n of_o the_o apostle_n which_o state_n the_o case_n about_o one_o bishop_n receive_v those_o into_o communion_n who_o have_v be_v excommunicate_v by_o another_o 518._o to_o this_o let_v i_o add_v that_o constantine_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o eusebius_n commend_v he_o for_o refuse_v to_o leave_v his_o own_o bishopric_n to_o go_v over_o to_o that_o of_o antioch_n to_o which_o he_o be_v choose_v especial_o because_o herein_o he_o have_v exact_o observe_v the_o rule_n of_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o have_v keep_v the_o command_n of_o god_n and_o the_o apostolical_a and_o ecclesiastical_a canon_n mean_v doubtless_o the_o fourteen_o apostolic_a canon_n which_o treat_v about_o such_o remove_n nay_o learned_a man_n both_o former_o and_o of_o late_o have_v observe_v divers_a passage_n in_o the_o nicene_n canon_n themselves_o which_o plain_o respect_v these_o canon_n as_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v notwithstanding_o what_o daillé_n have_v except_v against_o it_o be_v this_o a_o proper_a place_n to_o discourse_v of_o it_o this_o for_o the_o canon_n for_o the_o constitution_n they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v compose_v by_o s._n clemens_n at_o the_o instance_n and_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o this_o wild_a and_o extravagant_a
opinion_n have_v not_o want_v its_o patron_n and_o defender_n turrianus_n bovius_n etc._n etc._n but_o herein_o desert_v by_o the_o more_o modest_a and_o moderate_a of_o their_o own_o party_n beside_o that_o their_o apostolicalness_n in_o this_o sense_n be_v by_o the_o learned_a daillé_n everlasting_o shatter_v and_o break_v 408._o but_o then_o he_o set_v they_o at_o too_o wide_a a_o distance_n assign_v they_o to_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o five_o century_n when_o it_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o sun_n that_o they_o be_v extant_a and_o in_o credit_n with_o many_o before_o the_o time_n of_o epihanius_n though_o somewhat_o alter_v now_o from_o what_o they_o be_v in_o his_o time_n compile_v probable_o out_o of_o many_o lesser_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d book_n contain_v the_o doctrine_n and_o rite_n that_o have_v be_v deliver_v and_o practise_v by_o ancient_a and_o apostolical_a person_n or_o at_o least_o vent_v under_o their_o name_n but_o whether_o as_o some_o conjecture_n compose_v by_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n and_o thence_o by_o a_o easy_a mistake_n ascribe_v to_o clemens_n romanus_n i_o be_o not_o at_o leisure_n to_o consider_v in_o this_o class_n of_o writer_n i_o may_v reckon_v dionysius_n the_o areopagite_n absurd_o enough_o assert_v by_o many_o to_o be_v genuine_a by_o daillé_n thrust_v down_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o six_o century_n but_o most_o probable_o think_v to_o have_v be_v write_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o four_o age_n as_o a_o person_n among_o we_o deserve_o of_o great_a name_n and_o note_n have_v show_v in_o his_o late_a vindication_n of_o ignatius_n epistle_n these_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o those_o author_n who_o can_v not_o be_v fix_v upon_o any_o certain_a year_n the_o rest_n have_v in_o the_o index_n their_o particular_a and_o respective_a time_n to_o which_o i_o have_v add_v the_o account_n of_o the_o edition_n for_o the_o more_o ready_a find_n if_o occasion_n be_v of_o any_o passage_n quote_v out_o of_o they_o one_o thing_n indeed_o there_o be_v which_o i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o look_v so_o like_o a_o piece_n of_o vanity_n and_o ostentation_n that_o the_o margin_n be_v charge_v with_o so_o many_o quotation_n but_o whoever_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o my_o design_n will_v quick_o see_v that_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a and_o that_o it_o concern_v i_o not_o to_o deliver_v any_o thing_n without_o good_a authority_n the_o reason_n why_o i_o have_v where_o i_o can_v bring_v they_o in_o speak_v their_o own_o word_n though_o to_o avoid_v as_o much_o of_o the_o charge_n as_o be_v possible_a i_o omit_v the_o cite_n author_n in_o their_o own_o language_n and_o only_o set_v they_o down_o in_o english_a faithful_o represent_v the_o author_n sense_n though_o not_o always_o tie_v myself_o to_o a_o strict_a and_o precise_a translation_n how_o pertinent_a my_o quotation_n be_v the_o reader_n must_v judge_v i_o hope_v he_o will_v find_v they_o exact_v be_v immediate_o fetch_v from_o the_o fountainhead_n here_o be_v very_o few_o if_o any_o that_o have_v not_o be_v examine_v more_o than_o once_o for_o the_o method_n into_o which_o the_o book_n be_v cast_v i_o choose_v that_o which_o to_o i_o seem_v most_o apt_a and_o proper_a follow_v s._n paul_n distribution_n of_o religion_n into_o piety_n towards_o god_n sobriety_n towards_o ourselves_o and_o righteousness_n towards_o other_o and_o according_o divide_v the_o discourse_n into_o three_o part_n respect_v those_o three_o great_a branch_n of_o religion_n though_o the_o first_o be_v much_o large_a than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o preliminary_a chapter_n contain_v a_o vindication_n of_o the_o christian_n from_o those_o crime_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o they_o that_o so_o the_o rubbish_n be_v clear_v and_o throw_v out_o of_o the_o way_n we_o may_v have_v a_o fair_a prospect_n of_o their_o religion_n afterward_o the_o book_n i_o confess_v be_v swell_v into_o a_o great_a bulk_n than_o i_o either_o think_v of_o or_o desire_v but_o by_o reason_n of_o somewhat_o a_o confuse_a copy_n never_o design_v for_o the_o press_n no_o certain_a measure_n can_v be_v take_v of_o it_o and_o now_o if_o after_o all_o this_o it_o shall_v be_v inquire_v why_o these_o paper_n be_v make_v public_a as_o i_o can_v give_v no_o very_a good_a reason_n so_o i_o will_v not_o trouble_v myself_o to_o invent_v a_o bad_a one_o it_o may_v suffice_v to_o intimate_v that_o this_o discourse_n long_o since_o draw_v up_o at_o leisure_n hour_n lie_v then_o by_o i_o when_o a_o tedious_a and_o uncomfortable_a distemper_n whereby_o i_o have_v be_v take_v off_o from_o all_o public_a service_n and_o the_o prosecution_n of_o severe_a study_n give_v i_o too_o much_o opportunity_n to_o look_v over_o my_o paper_n and_o this_o especial_o which_o peradventure_o otherwise_o have_v never_o see_v the_o light_n indeed_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o be_v somewhat_o the_o easy_o prevail_v with_o to_o let_v this_o discourse_n pass_v abroad_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o when_o i_o can_v not_o do_v what_o i_o ought_v i_o be_v at_o least_o willing_a to_o do_v what_o i_o can_v if_o he_o that_o read_v it_o shall_v reap_v any_o delight_n and_o satisfaction_n by_o it_o or_o be_v in_o any_o measure_n induce_v to_o imitate_v these_o primitive_a virtue_n i_o shall_v think_v my_o pain_n well_o bestow_v if_o not_o i_o be_o not_o the_o first_o and_o probable_o shall_v not_o be_v the_o last_o that_o have_v write_v a_o book_n to_o no_o purpose_n the_o content_n part_n i._n chap._n i._n thing_n charge_v upon_o the_o primitive_a christian_n respect_v their_o religion_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o novelty_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o christianity_n chap._n iii_o thing_n charge_v upon_o the_o christian_n respect_v their_o outward_a condition_n chap._n iu._n the_o charge_n bring_v against_o they_o respect_v their_o life_n and_o manner_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o positive_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o first_o of_o their_o piety_n towards_o god_n chap._n vi_o of_o church_n and_o place_n of_o public_a worship_n in_o the_o primitive_a time_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o lordsday_n and_o the_o fast_n and_o festival_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o person_n constitute_v the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n both_o people_n and_o minister_n chap._n ix_o of_o their_o usual_a worship_n both_o private_a and_o public_a chap._n x._o of_o baptism_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o in_o the_o ancient_a church_n part_n ii_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n as_o to_o those_o virtue_n that_o respect_v themselves_o chap._n i._n of_o their_o humility_n chap._n ii_o of_o their_o heavenly-mindedness_a and_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n iii_o of_o their_o sobriety_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o garb_n and_o apparel_n chap._n iu._n of_o their_o great_a temperance_n and_o abstinence_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o singular_a continence_n and_o chastity_n chap._n vi_o of_o their_o readiness_n and_o constancy_n in_o profess_v their_o religion_n chap._n vii_o of_o their_o patience_n and_o exemplary_a carriage_n under_o suffering_n part_n iii_o of_o their_o religion_n as_o respect_v other_o man_n chap._n i._n of_o their_o justice_n and_o honesty_n chap._n ii_o of_o their_o admirable_a love_n and_o charity_n chap._n iii_o of_o their_o unity_n and_o peaceableness_n chap._n iu._n of_o their_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n to_o civil_a government_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o penance_n and_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n primitive_a christianity_n or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n part_n i._n chap._n i._n thing_n charge_v upon_o the_o primitive_a christian_n respect_v their_o religion_n christian_n religion_n likely_a to_o meet_v with_o opposition_n at_o its_o first_o set_v out_o chief_o undermine_v by_o calumny_n and_o reproach_n three_o thing_n by_o the_o heathen_n charge_v upon_o the_o christian_n some_o thing_n respect_v their_o religion_n 1_o some_o their_o outward_a condition_n other_o their_o moral_a carriage_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o worship_n their_o religion_n charge_v with_o two_o thing_n impiety_n and_o novelty_n the_o charge_n of_o atheism_n consider_v and_o answer_v out_o of_o the_o father_n the_o heathen_n except_v against_o as_o incompetent_a judge_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o christianity_n in_o what_o sense_n christian_n confess_v themselves_o atheist_n the_o wretched_a and_o absurd_a deity_n that_o be_v among_o the_o heathen_n and_o the_o impure_a manner_n of_o their_o worship_n atheism_n proper_o such_o disow_v and_o deny_v by_o christian_n the_o account_n they_o give_v of_o their_o religion_n and_o the_o god_n who_o they_o worship_v no_o soon_o do_v the_o son_n
apology_n if_o they_o have_v not_o hear_v the_o sum_n of_o it_o to_o hold_v another_o conference_n with_o he_o even_o before_o the_o senate_n itself_o which_o he_o think_v will_v be_v a_o work_n worthy_a of_o so_o wise_a and_o grave_a a_o council_n or_o if_o they_o have_v hear_v it_o than_o he_o do_v not_o doubt_n but_o they_o clear_o apprehend_v how_o little_a he_o understand_v these_o thing_n or_o that_o if_o he_o do_v understand_v they_o he_o know_o dissemble_v it_o to_o his_o auditor_n not_o dare_v to_o own_o the_o truth_n as_o socrates_n do_v in_o the_o face_n of_o danger_n a_o evident_a argument_n that_o he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o a_o philosopher_n but_o a_o slave_n to_o popular_a applause_n and_o glory_n second_o they_o do_v in_o some_o sort_n confess_v the_o charge_n that_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a notion_n which_o the_o heathen_n have_v of_o their_o deity_n 55._o they_o be_v atheist_n i.e._n stranger_n and_o enemy_n to_o they_o that_o the_o god_n of_o the_o gentile_n be_v at_o best_a but_o daemon_n impure_a and_o unclean_a spirit_n who_o have_v long_o impose_v upon_o mankind_n and_o by_o their_o villainy_n sophistry_n and_o art_n of_o terror_n have_v so_o affright_v the_o common_a people_n who_o know_v not_o real_o what_o they_o be_v and_o who_o judge_n of_o thing_n more_o by_o appearance_n than_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o call_v they_o god_n and_o give_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o that_o name_n which_o the_o daemon_n be_v willing_a to_o take_v to_o himself_o and_o that_o they_o real_o be_v nothing_o but_o devil_n fall_v and_o apostate_n spirit_n the_o christian_n evident_o manifest_v at_o every_o turn_n force_v they_o to_o the_o confess_v it_o while_o by_o prayer_n and_o invocate_a the_o name_n of_o the_o true_a god_n they_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o possess_v person_n and_o therefore_o they_o tremble_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o christian_a as_o octavius_n triumph_o tell_v caecilius_n that_o they_o entertain_v the_o most_o absurd_a and_o fabulous_a notion_n of_o their_o god_n 23._o and_o usual_o ascribe_v such_o thing_n to_o they_o as_o will_v be_v account_v a_o horrible_a shame_n and_o dishonour_n to_o any_o wise_a and_o good_a man_n the_o worship_n and_o mysterious_a rite_n of_o many_o of_o they_o be_v so_o brutish_a and_o filthy_a that_o the_o honest_a and_o severe_a roman_n be_v ashamed_a on_o it_o and_o therefore_o overturn_v their_o altar_n and_o banish_v they_o out_o of_o the_o roll_n of_o their_o deity_n though_o their_o degenerate_a posterity_n take_v they_o in_o again_o 7._o as_o tertullian_n observe_v their_o god_n themselves_o so_o impure_a and_o beastly_a their_o worship_n so_o obscene_a and_o detestable_a that_o julius_n firmicus_n advise_v they_o to_o turn_v their_o temple_n into_o theatre_n 9_o where_o the_o secret_n of_o their_o religion_n may_v be_v deliver_v in_o scene_n and_o to_o make_v their_o player_n priest_n and_o that_o the_o common_a rout_n may_v sing_v the_o amour_n the_o sport_n and_o pastime_n the_o wantonness_n and_o impiety_n of_o their_o god_n no_o place_n be_v so_o fit_a for_o such_o a_o religion_n as_o they_o beside_o the_o attribute_v to_o they_o humane_a body_n with_o many_o blemish_n and_o imperfection_n and_o subjection_n to_o the_o misery_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o to_o the_o law_n of_o mortality_n they_o can_v not_o deny_v they_o to_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o most_o horrid_a and_o prodigious_a villainy_n and_o enormity_n revenge_n and_o murder_n incest_n and_o luxury_n drunkenness_n and_o intemperance_n theft_n and_o unnatural_a rebellion_n against_o their_o parent_n and_o such_o like_a of_o which_o their_o own_o write_n be_v full_a almost_o in_o every_o page_n which_o serve_v only_o to_o corrupt_v and_o debauch_v the_o mind_n and_o manner_n of_o youth_n 7._o as_o octavius_n tell_v his_o adversary_n where_o he_o pursue_v this_o argument_n at_o large_a with_o great_a eloquence_n and_o reason_n nay_o those_o among_o they_o that_o be_v most_o inquisitive_a and_o serious_a and_o that_o entertain_v more_o abstract_a and_o refine_a apprehension_n of_o thing_n than_o the_o common_a people_n yet_o can_v not_o agree_v in_o any_o fit_a and_o rational_a notion_n of_o a_o deity_n 16._o some_o ridiculous_o affirm_v one_o thing_n and_o some_o another_o till_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o hundred_o different_a opinion_n and_o all_o of_o they_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o truth_n than_o they_o be_v from_o one_o another_o the_o vulgar_a in_o the_o mean_a while_n make_v god_n of_o the_o most_o brutish_a object_n such_o as_o dog_n cat_n wolf_n goat_n hawk_n dragon_n beetle_n crocodile_n etc._n etc._n this_o origen_n against_o celsus_n particular_o charge_v upon_o the_o egyptian_n 121._o when_o you_o approach_v say_v he_o their_o sacred_a place_n they_o have_v glorious_a grove_n and_o chapel_n temple_n with_o goodly_a gate_n and_o stately_a portico_n and_o many_o mysterious_a and_o religious_a ceremony_n but_o when_o once_o you_o be_v enter_v and_o get_v within_o their_o temple_n you_o shall_v see_v nothing_o but_o a_o cat_n or_o a_o ape_n or_o a_o crocodile_n or_o a_o goat_n or_o a_o dog_n worship_v with_o the_o most_o solemn_a veneration_n gent._n nay_o they_o deify_v senseless_a and_o inanimate_a thing_n that_o have_v no_o life_n or_o power_n to_o help_v themselves_o much_o less_o their_o worshipper_n herb_n root_n and_o plant_n nay_o unmanly_a and_o degenerate_a passion_n fear_v paleness_n etc._n etc._n fall_v down_o before_o stump_n and_o statue_n which_o owe_v all_o their_o divinity_n to_o the_o cost_n and_o folly_n of_o their_o votary_n despise_v and_o trample_v on_o by_o the_o sorry_a creature_n mouse_n swallow_n etc._n etc._n who_o be_v wont_a to_o build_v nest_n in_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o their_o god_n and_o spider_n to_o periwig_n their_o head_n with_o cobweb_n be_v force_v first_o to_o make_v they_o and_o then_o make_v they_o clean_o and_o to_o defend_v and_o protect_v they_o that_o they_o may_v fear_v and_o worship_v they_o 20._o as_o he_o in_o minutius_n witty_o deride_v they_o in_o who_o worship_n there_o be_v say_v he_o many_o thing_n that_o just_o deserve_v to_o be_v laugh_v at_o and_o other_o that_o call_v for_o pity_n and_o compassion_n and_o what_o wonder_v now_o if_o the_o christian_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o ashamed_a to_o be_v call_v atheist_n with_o respect_n to_o such_o deity_n and_o such_o a_o religion_n as_o this_o be_v three_o in_o the_o strict_a and_o proper_a notion_n of_o atheism_n they_o no_o less_o true_o than_o confident_o deny_v the_o charge_n and_o appeal_v to_o their_o severe_a adversary_n whether_o those_o who_o own_v such_o principle_n as_o they_o do_v can_v reasonable_o be_v style_v atheist_n none_o ever_o plead_v better_a and_o more_o irrefragable_a argument_n for_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o supreme_a infinite_a be_v who_o make_v and_o govern_v all_o thing_n by_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o almighty_a power_n none_o ever_o more_o ready_a to_o produce_v a_o most_o clear_a and_o candid_a confession_n of_o their_o faith_n as_o to_o this_o grand_a article_n of_o religion_n than_o they_o although_o we_o profess_v ourselves_o atheist_n with_o respect_n to_o those_o who_o you_o esteem_v and_o repute_v to_o be_v god_n so_o their_o apologist_n tell_v the_o senate_n yet_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o true_a god_n 56._o the_o parent_n and_o fountain_n of_o wisdom_n and_o righteousness_n and_o all_o other_o excellency_n and_o perfection_n who_o be_v infinite_o free_a from_o the_o least_o contagion_n or_o spot_n of_o evil_n he_o and_o his_o only_o beget_v son_n who_o instruct_v we_o and_o the_o whole_a society_n of_o good_a angel_n in_o these_o divine_a mystery_n and_o the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n we_o worship_v and_o adore_v honour_v they_o in_o truth_n and_o with_o the_o high_a reason_n and_o ready_a to_o communicate_v these_o thing_n to_o any_o one_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o learn_v they_o as_o we_o ourselves_o have_v receive_v they_o can_v we_o then_o be_v atheist_n 60._o who_o worship_n the_o great_a creator_n of_o this_o world_n not_o with_o blood_n incense_n and_o offering_n which_o we_o be_v sufficient_o teach_v he_o stand_v no_o need_n of_o but_o exalt_v he_o according_a to_o our_o power_n with_o prayer_n and_o praise_n in_o all_o the_o address_n we_o make_v to_o he_o believe_v this_o to_o be_v the_o only_a honour_n that_o be_v worthy_a of_o he_o not_o to_o consume_v the_o creature_n which_o he_o have_v give_v we_o for_o our_o use_n and_o the_o comfort_n of_o those_o that_o want_v in_o the_o fire_n by_o sacrifice_n but_o to_o approve_v ourselves_o thankful_a to_o he_o and_o to_o sing_v and_o celebrate_v rational_a hymn_n and_o sacrifice_n pour_v out_o our_o prayer_n to_o he_o as_o a_o grateful_a return_n for_o those_o many_o good_a thing_n which_o we_o have_v receive_v and_o do_v yet_o expect_v from_o he_o
which_o he_o there_o make_v good_a by_o particular_a instance_n and_o the_o same_o answer_n st._n ambrose_n give_v to_o symmachus_n if_o nothing_o but_o ancient_a rite_n will_v please_v you_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o succession_n of_o new_a and_o foreign_a rite_n even_o in_o rome_n itself_o of_o which_o he_o give_v he_o many_o particular_a example_n in_o short_a arnobius_n witty_o argue_v thus_o 42._o our_o way_n of_o religion_n you_o say_v be_v new_a and_o you_o ancient_a and_o what_o do_v this_o either_o hurt_n our_o cause_n or_o help_v you_o if_o we_o be_v new_a it_o will_v in_o time_n become_v old_a be_v your_o old_a there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o it_o be_v new_a the_o goodness_n and_o authority_n of_o religion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v value_v by_o length_n of_o time_n but_o by_o the_o excellency_n of_o its_o worship_n nor_o do_v it_o become_v we_o to_o consider_v so_o much_o when_o it_o begin_v as_o what_o it_o be_v we_o worship_n it_o may_v not_o 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way_n its_o general_a influence_n upon_o those_o who_o it_o do_v not_o convert_v the_o write_n of_o philosopher_n general_o better_a after_o christianity_n appear_v and_o why_o the_o excellent_a prayer_n of_o simplicius_n christian_n very_o useful_a by_o frequent_a work_a beneficial_a miracle_n cure_v disease_n raise_v the_o dead_a dispossess_v devil_n etc._n etc._n this_o miraculous_a power_n continue_v for_o several_a age_n in_o the_o church_n christian_n further_o traduce_v as_o pernicious_a to_o the_o world_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o public_a evil_n and_o calamity_n this_o object_v at_o every_o turn_n the_o occasion_n of_o s._n augustine_n and_o orosius_n his_o writing_n a_o vindication_n of_o it_o this_o charge_n just_o retort_v upon_o the_o heathen_n and_o they_o send_v to_o seek_v the_o cause_n of_o public_a calamity_n near_a home_n some_o few_o hint_v by_o tertullian_n christian_n unjust_o charge_v with_o it_o because_o the_o world_n be_v pester_v with_o such_o evil_n 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his_o liberty_n against_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o only_o yield_v to_o god_n who_o he_o whole_o be_v come_v off_o from_o all_o the_o attempt_n of_o adversity_n with_o victory_n and_o triumph_n so_o argue_v that_o excellent_a person_n and_o who_o ever_o read_v he_o in_o his_o native_a language_n must_v confess_v it_o with_o equal_a strength_n of_o eloquence_n and_o reason_n where_o he_o also_o brief_o touch_v that_o objection_n so_o common_a among_o the_o heathen_n that_o if_o christian_n be_v so_o dear_a to_o god_n why_o then_o do_v he_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v oppress_v with_o so_o many_o misery_n and_o trouble_n fin_n and_o not_o come_v in_o to_o vindicate_v and_o relieve_v they_o a_o argument_n full_o clear_v by_o arnobius_n 2d_o lactantius_n and_o other_o ancient_a apologist_n for_o the_o christian_a faith_n but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o they_o be_v charge_v as_o a_o very_a useless_a and_o unserviceable_a people_n that_o contribute_v nothing_o to_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n nay_o as_o destructive_a and_o pernicious_a to_o humane_a society_n and_o as_o the_o procure_a cause_n of_o all_o those_o mischief_n and_o calamity_n that_o befall_v the_o world_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o their_o be_v useless_a as_o to_o the_o common_a good_a 33._o hear_v what_o tertullian_n say_v in_o the_o case_n how_o can_v this_o be_v say_v he_o when_o we_o live_v among_o you_o have_v the_o same_o diet_n habit_n manner_n and_o way_n of_o life_n we_o be_v no_o brahmin_n or_o indian_a gymnosophist_n who_o live_v in_o wood_n and_o banish_v themselves_o from_o all_o civil_a life_n we_o be_v not_o unmindful_a of_o what_o we_o owe_v to_o our_o great_a creator_n and_o therefore_o despise_v none_o of_o his_o creature_n though_o careful_a to_o use_v they_o with_o temperance_n and_o sobriety_n wherefore_o we_o live_v not_o in_o the_o world_n without_o the_o use_n of_o your_o market_n shambles_n bath_n tavern_n shop_n stable_n your_o mart_n and_o other_o way_n of_o humane_a commerce_n we_o go_v to_o sea_n with_o you_o bear_v arm_n till_o and_o improve_v the_o ground_n use_v merchandise_n we_o undergo_v trade_n among_o you_o and_o expose_v our_o work_n to_o your_o use_n and_o how_o then_o we_o can_v seem_v unserviceable_a to_o your_o affair_n with_o which_o and_o by_o which_o we_o live_v 43._o i_o see_v not_o certain_o say_v he_o if_o any_o have_v cause_n true_o to_o complain_v of_o our_o be_v unprofitable_a they_o be_v bawd_n pander_n pimp_n hector_n and_o ruffian_n seller_n of_o poison_n magician_n soothsayer_n wizard_n and_o astrologer_n and_o to_o be_v unserviceable_a to_o these_o be_v the_o great_a serviceableness_n but_o beside_o this_o they_o plead_v for_o themselves_o that_o their_o religion_n be_v high_o beneficial_a to_o the_o world_n and_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n contribute_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o happiness_n of_o mankind_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o some_o of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v rich_a of_o engage_v in_o war_n and_o not_o very_o forward_o to_o undergo_v public_a place_n of_o authority_n and_o power_n but_o beside_o that_o this_o be_v only_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o private_a person_n and_o not_o the_o common_a and_o current_a practice_n or_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n it_o arise_v partly_o from_o some_o mistake_a passage_n in_o the_o gospel_n turn_v evangelical_n counsel_n into_o positive_a precept_n but_o principal_o because_o such_o office_n and_o employment_n be_v usal_o clog_v with_o such_o circumstance_n and_o condition_n as_o oblige_v they_o to_o some_o thing_n repugnant_a to_o the_o christian_a law_n otherwise_o where_o they_o can_v do_v it_o without_o offer_v violence_n to_o their_o religion_n and_o their_o conscience_n they_o shun_v it_o not_o but_o frequent_o bear_v arm_n and_o discharge_v such_o public_a office_n as_o be_v commit_v to_o they_o as_o can_v be_v unknown_a to_o any_o that_o be_v never_o so_o little_o verse_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n never_o be_v there_o better_o more_o faithful_a and_o resolute_a soldier_n more_o obedient_a to_o the_o order_n of_o their_o commander_n more_o ready_a to_o attempt_v the_o most_o hazardous_a enterprise_n never_o boggle_n at_o any_o thing_n which_o they_o can_v do_v without_o sin_n of_o which_o among_o many_o other_o i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o that_o of_o the_o thebaean_a legion_n who_o be_v command_v upon_o a_o bloody_a and_o unlawful_a butchery_n octob._n to_o destroy_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o christian_n their_o brethren_n meek_o return_v this_o answer_n to_o the_o heathen_a emperor_n maximianus_n under_o who_o they_o serve_v we_o offer_v our_o hand_n against_o any_o enemy_n but_o count_v it_o unlawful_a to_o imbrue_v they_o in_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o innocent_a our_o sword_n know_v how_o to_o strike_v a_o rebel_n or_o a_o enemy_n but_o not_o to_o wound_v those_o who_o be_v citizen_n and_o guiltless_a we_o remember_v that_o we_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o not_o against_o friend_n and_o fellow_n citizen_n we_o have_v always_o fight_v for_o justice_n and_o piety_n and_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o innocent_a these_o have_v be_v hitherto_o the_o price_n of_o those_o danger_n that_o we_o have_v run_v upon_o we_o have_v fight_v for_o fidelity_n which_o how_o shall_v we_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v to_o you_o if_o we_o do_v not_o first_o keep_v it_o to_o our_o god_n so_o far_o be_v the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n from_o refuse_v to_o engage_v in_o the_o service_n of_o their_o prince_n nay_o those_o of_o they_o who_o be_v so_o bind_v up_o by_o their_o private_a sentiment_n as_o not_o to_o think_v it_o lawful_a yet_o reckon_v they_o otherways_o make_v equivalent_a compensation_n thus_o when_o celsus_n press_v the_o christian_n to_o undergo_v public_a office_n and_o to_o help_v the_o emperor_n in_o their_o war_n 427._o origen_n answer_v that_o they_o do_v so_o though_o by_o a_o divine_a not_o humane_a help_n by_o pray_v for_o their_o person_n and_o their_o prosperity_n and_o success_n above_o all_o man_n say_v he_o we_o fight_v for_o the_o emperor_n while_o we_o train_v ourselves_o in_o exercise_n of_o piety_n and_o contend_v by_o prayer_n for_o he_o but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a other_o instance_n which_o the_o christian_n plead_v to_o vindicate_v themselves_o from_o be_v unserviceable_a to_o the_o good_a of_o mankind_n among_o which_o i_o shall_v at_o present_a take_v notice_n only_o of_o these_o two_o first_o that_o they_o real_o seek_v to_o reclaim_v man_n from_o vice_n and_o sin_n to_o a_o good_a and_o a_o virtuous_a life_n by_o which_o mean_v beside_o that_o they_o provide_v for_o man_n high_a and_o near_a interest_n the_o interest_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o their_o eternal_a happiness_n in_o another_o life_n they_o great_o consult_v the_o peace_n and_o welfare_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o live_v for_o vicious_a and_o wicked_a man_n be_v the_o pest_n and_o plague_n of_o humane_a society_n that_o taint_n and_o infect_v other_o by_o their_o bad_a example_n or_o persuasion_n and_o entail_v vengeance_n upon_o the_o place_n of_o their_o residence_n whilst_o good_a man_n engage_v the_o favour_n and_o blessing_n of_o heaven_n and_o both_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o example_n bring_v over_o other_o to_o sobriety_n and_o virtue_n whereby_o they_o establish_v and_o strengthen_v the_o foundation_n of_o government_n and_o the_o happiness_n of_o civil_a life_n and_o none_o so_o eminent_a for_o this_o as_o the_o christian_n of_o old_a this_o be_v the_o great_a triumphant_a argument_n wherewith_o origen_n at_o every_o turn_n exalt_v the_o honour_n of_o christianity_n 9_o this_o say_v he_o we_o find_v in_o the_o multitude_n of_o those_o that_o believe_v who_o be_v deliver_v from_o that_o sink_n of_o vice_n wherein_o before_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o wallow_v inquire_v into_o the_o life_n of_o some_o of_o we_o 21._o compare_v our_o former_a and_o our_o present_a 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the_o empire_n with_o which_o it_o begin_v and_o have_v grow_v up_o than_o that_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o augustus_n no_o misfortune_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a according_a to_o all_o man_n wish_n every_o thing_n have_v happen_v to_o be_v magnificent_a and_o prosperous_a hence_o eusebius_n note_v once_o and_o again_o that_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n common_o flourish_v 13._o while_o christianity_n be_v protect_v but_o when_o that_o be_v persecute_v thing_n begin_v to_o go_v to_o rack_n 322._o and_o their_o ancient_a peace_n and_o prosperity_n can_v not_o be_v retrieve_v till_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o christian_n therefore_o cyprian_n tell_v the_o proconsul_n 200._o that_o their_o cruelty_n to_o the_o christian_n be_v one_o of_o those_o cry_a sin_n that_o have_v provoke_v god_n to_o inflict_v so_o many_o heavy_a misery_n upon_o they_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o worship_n god_n themselves_o but_o unjust_o persecute_v those_o innocent_a 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venerable_a conversation_n do_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n and_o have_v his_o law_n and_o command_v write_v upon_o the_o table_n of_o your_o heart_n they_o place_v religion_n then_o not_o in_o talk_v fine_o but_o in_o live_v well_o 12._o among_o we_o say_v athenagoras_n the_o mean_a and_o most_o mechanic_n person_n and_o old_a woman_n although_o not_o able_a to_o discourse_v and_o dispute_v for_o the_o usefulness_n of_o their_o profession_n do_v yet_o demonstrate_v it_o in_o their_o life_n and_o action_n they_o do_v indeed_o critical_o weigh_v their_o word_n and_o recite_v elegant_a oration_n but_o they_o manifest_a honest_a and_o virtuous_a action_n while_o be_v buffet_v they_o strike_v not_o again_o nor_o sue_v they_o at_o law_n that_o spoil_n and_o plunder_v they_o liberal_o give_v to_o they_o that_o ask_v and_o love_v their_o neighbour_n as_o themselves_o and_o this_o we_o do_v because_o we_o be_v assure_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n that_o superintend_v humane_a 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man_n be_v with_o we_o a_o christian_n or_o account_v true_o rich_a temperate_a and_o generous_a but_o he_o that_o be_v pious_a and_o religious_a nor_o do_v any_o far_o bear_v the_o image_n of_o god_n than_o he_o speak_v and_o believe_v what_o be_v just_a and_o holy_a so_o that_o this_o in_o short_a be_v the_o state_n of_o we_o who_o follow_v god_n such_o as_o be_v our_o desire_n such_o be_v our_o discourse_n such_o as_o be_v our_o discourse_n such_o be_v our_o action_n such_o as_o be_v our_o action_n such_o be_v our_o life_n so_o universal_o good_a be_v the_o whole_a life_n of_o christian_n certain_o none_o be_v ever_o great_a enemy_n to_o a_o naked_a profession_n and_o the_o cover_n a_o bad_a life_n under_o the_o title_n of_o christianity_n do_v any_o live_v otherwise_o than_o christ_n have_v command_v it_o be_v a_o most_o certain_a argument_n they_o be_v no_o christian_n though_o with_o their_o tongue_n they_o never_o so_o smooth_o profess_v the_o christian_a doctrine_n for_o it_o 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desirous_a to_o be_v scan_v and_o search_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o to_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o and_o therefore_o desire_v no_o other_o favour_n than_o that_o that_o apology_n which_o justin_n martyr_v present_v to_o they_o 51._o may_v be_v set_v out_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n that_o so_o people_n may_v come_v to_o the_o true_a knowledge_n of_o their_o case_n and_o they_o be_v deliver_v from_o false_a suspicion_n and_o these_o accusation_n for_o which_o they_o have_v be_v undeserved_o expose_v to_o so_o many_o punishment_n three_o they_o appeal_v for_o their_o vindication_n to_o the_o judgement_n and_o conscience_n of_o their_o more_o sober_a and_o impartial_a enemy_n and_o be_v according_o acquit_v by_o they_o as_o guiltless_a of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n pliny_n the_o young_a be_v command_v by_o the_o emperor_n trajan_n to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n 10._o tell_v he_o 97._o that_o after_o the_o best_a estimate_n that_o he_o can_v take_v and_o the_o strict_a inquisition_n that_o he_o can_v make_v by_o torture_n he_o find_v no_o worse_o of_o they_o than_o this_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o meet_v early_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o solemn_a devotion_n and_o to_o bind_v themselves_o under_o the_o most_o sacred_a obligation_n to_o commit_v no_o vice_n or_o wickedness_n and_o that_o their_o religion_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o untoward_a and_o immoderate_a superstition_n this_o be_v the_o testimony_n which_o that_o great_a man_n who_o be_v proconsul_n of_o bythinia_n be_v capable_a to_o satisfy_v himself_o and_o who_o be_v no_o less_o diligent_a to_o search_v into_o the_o matter_n give_v concern_v they_o hist_o next_o after_o he_o serâ—â—us_a granianus_n the_o proconsul_n of_o asia_n 122._o write_v to_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n trajan_n successor_n to_o represent_v to_o he_o how_o unjust_a it_o be_v to_o put_v christian_n to_o death_n when_o no_o crime_n be_v due_o lay_v to_o their_o charge_n mere_o to_o gratify_v the_o tumultuous_a clamour_n of_o the_o people_n to_o who_o the_o emperor_n answer_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v unjust_o trouble_v that_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v true_o prove_v against_o they_o he_o shall_v punish_v they_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fault_n but_o if_o do_v out_o of_o malice_n or_o spite_n he_o shall_v then_o according_o punish_v the_o accuser_n as_o a_o calumniator_n martyr_n next_o to_o adrian_n antoninus_n pius_n if_o he_o be_v not_o mistake_v for_o his_o successor_n marcus_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o commons_o of_o asia_n 100_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o have_v traduce_v the_o christian_n and_o have_v object_v those_o crime_n to_o they_o which_o they_o can_v not_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v more_o firm_a and_o undaunted_a in_o their_o profession_n than_o themselves_o and_o have_v a_o great_a freedom_n with_o and_o confidence_n towards_o god_n 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o ratify_v and_o follow_v the_o determination_n of_o his_o father_n after_o he_o come_v m._n antoninus_n 102._o who_o have_v obtain_v that_o famous_a and_o signal_n victory_n against_o the_o quade_v in_o germany_n confess_v in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o senate_n which_o letter_n though_o i_o know_v it_o be_v question_v by_o some_o learned_a man_n as_o now_o extant_a whether_o true_a and_o genuine_a yet_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o letter_n be_v evident_a enough_o from_o tertullian_n 71._o who_o himself_o live_v within_o a_o few_o year_n of_o that_o time_n and_o appeal_v to_o it_o that_o it_o be_v clear_o get_v by_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_a legion_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n and_o therefore_o command_v that_o none_o be_v molest_v for_o be_v christian_n and_o that_o if_o any_o accuse_v a_o christian_a for_o be_v such_o without_o a_o sufficient_a crime_n prove_v against_o he_o he_o shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a for_o his_o accusation_n that_o a_o christian_a confess_v himself_o to_o be_v one_o shall_v be_v safe_a and_o secure_a and_o that_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n shall_v not_o drive_v he_o to_o renounce_v his_o profession_n and_o this_o he_o command_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n so_o clear_o do_v the_o christian_n appear_v to_o their_o great_a enemy_n especial_o in_o their_o more_o calm_a and_o sober_a interval_n nay_o trypho_n the_o jew_n and_o that_o very_a notion_n speak_v he_o enemy_n enough_o 227._o yet_o confess_v they_o clear_a of_o those_o foul_a aspersion_n for_o when_o the_o martyr_n have_v ask_v he_o whether_o he_o dislike_v the_o christian_n manner_n and_o way_n of_o life_n and_o whether_o he_o real_o believe_v that_o they_o eat_v man_n flesh_n and_o put_v out_o the_o candle_n run_v together_o in_o promiscuous_a mixture_n the_o jew_n answer_v that_o those_o thing_n whereof_o they_o be_v accuse_v by_o many_o be_v unworthy_a of_o belief_n as_o be_v so_o extreme_o abhorrent_n to_o humane_a nature_n and_o that_o the_o precept_n which_o be_v command_v in_o their_o gospel_n which_o his_o curiosity_n have_v prompt_v he_o to_o read_v be_v so_o great_a and_o admirable_a that_o he_o suppose_v no_o man_n can_v be_v able_a to_o keep_v and_o obey_v they_o and_o to_o instance_n in_o no_o more_o the_o heathen_a oracle_n itself_o pronounce_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o christian_n for_o apollo_n give_v forth_o his_o oracle_n 467._o not_o as_o he_o be_v wont_n by_o humane_a voice_n but_o out_o of_o a_o dark_a and_o dismal_a cavern_n confess_v it_o be_v because_o of_o just_a man_n that_o live_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o when_o dioclesian_n inquire_v who_o those_o just_a man_n be_v one_o of_o the_o heathen_a priest_n that_o stand_v by_o answer_v that_o they_o be_v the_o christian_n this_o constantine_n the_o great_a tell_v he_o himself_o hear_v be_v then_o a_o young_a man_n and_o in_o company_n at_o that_o time_n with_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n and_o he_o there_o solemn_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v for_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o story_n from_o all_o which_o it_o appear_v how_o innocent_a the_o christian_n be_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o gentile_n charge_v upon_o they_o how_o infinite_o strict_a and_o unblameable_a in_o their_o life_n and_o therefore_o triumph_v over_o the_o heathen_n in_o the_o purity_n and_o innocency_n of_o their_o conversation_n 129._o origen_n tell_v celsus_n that_o the_o church_n of_o god_n which_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o discipline_n of_o christ_n if_o compare_v to_o the_o common_a society_n of_o man_n be_v among_o they_o like_o light_n in_o the_o world_n for_o who_o say_v he_o be_v there_o but_o he_o must_v needs_o confess_v that_o the_o worse_a part_n of_o our_o church_n be_v much_o better_a than_o the_o popular_a assembly_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o church_n of_o god_n at_o athens_n be_v meek_a and_o quiet_a as_o endeavour_v to_o approve_v itself_o to_o the_o great_a god_n whereas_o now_o the_o popular_a assembly_n of_o athens_n be_v seditious_a and_o tumultuous_a and_o no_o way_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o that_o city_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o the_o vulgar_a assembly_n which_o be_v at_o corinth_n 29._o or_o alexandria_n so_o minucius_n foelix_n shall_v we_o christian_n be_v compare_v with_o you_o although_o our_o discipline_n may_v seem_v somewhat_o inferior_a yet_o we_o shall_v be_v find_v infinite_o to_o transcend_v you_o you_o forbid_v adulte_o and_o then_o practise_v it_o we_o keep_v entirery_a to_o our_o own_o wife_n you_o punish_v wickedness_n when_o commit_v with_o we_o even_o a_o wicked_a thought_n be_v sin_n you_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o those_o who_o be_v conscious_a of_o your_o crime_n we_o of_o nothing_o but_o our_o conscience_n without_o which_o we_o can_v be_v and_o last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v with_o your_o party_n that_o the_o prison_n be_v fill_v and_o crowd_v no_o christian_a be_v there_o unless_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v either_o a_o shame_n to_o his_o religion_n or_o a_o apostate_n from_o it_o and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o tell_v his_o adversary_n 31._o how_o much_o they_o exceed_v the_o best_a philosopher_n who_o be_v filthy_a and_o tyrannical_a and_o only_o eloquent_a to_o declaim_v against_o those_o vice_n of_o which_o themselves_o be_v most_o guilty_a that_o we_o christian_n do_v not_o measure_v wisdom_n by_o man_n habit_n but_o by_o their_o mind_n and_o temper_n and_o do_v not_o speak_v great_a thing_n but_o live_v they_o have_v this_o to_o boast_v of_o that_o we_o real_o attain_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o earnest_o seek_v but_o can_v not_o find_v thus_o lactantius_n have_v excellent_o discourse_v of_o the_o prodigious_a debauchery_n and_o wickedness_n of_o the_o heathen_n 485._o but_o which_o of_o these_o thing_n say_v he_o can_v be_v object_v to_o our_o people_n who_o
whole_a religion_n be_v to_o live_v without_o spot_n or_o blemish_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v easy_o gather_v have_v they_o any_o understanding_n that_o piety_n be_v on_o our_o side_n and_o that_o they_o themselves_o be_v vile_a and_o impious_a and_o eusebius_n tell_v we_o 599._o that_o in_o his_o time_n the_o christian_a faith_n have_v by_o gravity_n sincerity_n modesty_n and_o holiness_n of_o life_n so_o conquer_v all_o opposition_n that_o none_o dare_v bespatter_v it_o or_o charge_v it_o with_o any_o of_o those_o calumny_n which_o the_o ancient_a enemy_n of_o our_o religion_n use_v to_o fasten_v upon_o it_o what_o religion_n say_v arnobius_n can_v be_v true_a more_o useful_a powerful_a just_o than_o this_o which_o as_o he_o elsewhere_o note_n render_v man_n meek_a 67._o speaker_n of_o truth_n modest_a chaste_a charitable_a kind_a and_o helpful_a to_o all_o as_o if_o most_o near_o relate_v to_o we_o and_o indeed_o this_o be_v the_o genuine_a and_o natural_a tendency_n of_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o which_o it_o can_v but_o effect_n wherever_o it_o be_v kind_o embrace_v and_o entertain_v so_o true_a be_v that_o which_o athenagoras_n tell_v the_o emperor_n 4._o that_o no_o christian_n can_v be_v a_o bad_a man_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o hypocrite_n and_o tertullian_n open_o declare_v 36._o that_o when_o man_n depart_v from_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o gospel_n they_o so_o far_o cease_v among_o we_o to_o be_v account_v christian_n 43._o and_o therefore_o when_o the_o heathen_n object_v that_o some_o that_o go_v under_o that_o name_n be_v guilty_a of_o great_a enormity_n and_o inquire_v how_o come_v such_o a_o one_o to_o be_v a_o cheat_n if_o the_o christian_n be_v so_o righteous_a how_o so_o cruel_a if_o they_o be_v merciful_a he_o answer_n that_o by_o this_o very_a thing_n they_o bear_v witness_v that_o they_o who_o be_v real_a christian_n be_v not_o such_o that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o the_o crime_n and_o the_o name_n the_o opinion_n and_o the_o truth_n that_o they_o be_v not_o present_o christian_n that_o be_v call_v so_o but_o cheat_v other_o by_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o name_n that_o they_o shun_v the_o company_n of_o such_o and_o do_v not_o meet_v or_o partake_v with_o they_o in_o the_o office_n of_o religion_n that_o they_o do_v not_o admit_v those_o who_o mere_a force_n and_o cruelty_n have_v drive_v to_o deny_v christianity_n much_o less_o such_o as_o voluntary_o transgress_v the_o christian_a discipline_n and_o that_o therefore_o the_o heathen_n do_v very_o ill_a to_o call_v they_o christian_n who_o the_o christian_n themselves_o do_v disow_v who_o yet_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o deny_v their_o own_o party_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o positive_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o first_o of_o their_o piety_n towards_o god_n the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n consider_v with_o respect_n to_o god_n themselves_o and_o other_o man_n their_o piety_n see_v in_o two_o thing_n their_o detestation_n of_o idolatry_n and_o great_a care_n about_o the_o matter_n of_o divine_a worship_n what_o notion_n they_o have_v of_o idolatry_n their_o abhorrency_n of_o it_o their_o refuse_v to_o give_v divine_a honour_n to_o angel_n and_o create_a spirit_n this_o condemn_a by_o the_o laodicean_n council_n their_o deny_v any_o thing_n of_o divine_a honour_n to_o martyr_n and_o depart_a saint_n the_o famous_a instance_n of_o the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n concern_v s._n polycarp_n s._n augustine_n testimony_n to_o this_o purpose_n their_o mighty_a abhorrence_n of_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n the_o very_a make_v a_o idol_n account_v unlawful_a hatred_n of_o idolatry_n one_o of_o the_o first_o principle_n instill_v into_o new_a convert_v their_o affectionate_a bewail_v any_o that_o lapse_v into_o this_o sin_n several_a severe_a penalty_n impose_v by_o the_o ancient_a council_n of_o illiberis_n upon_o person_n guilty_a of_o idolatry_n they_o be_v willing_a to_o hazard_v any_o thing_n rather_o than_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o go_n constantius_n his_o plot_n to_o try_v the_o integrity_n of_o his_o courtier_n a_o double_a instance_n of_o the_o christian_a soldier_n in_o julian_n army_n their_o active_a zeal_n in_o break_v the_o image_n of_o the_o heathen_a god_n and_o assault_a person_n while_o do_v sacrifice_n to_o they_o this_o whether_o justifiable_a notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o christian_n accuse_v by_o the_o heathen_n of_o idolatry_n of_o worship_v the_o sun_n whence_o that_o charge_n arise_v of_o adore_v a_o cross_n of_o worship_v a_o ass_n head_n christian_n call_v asinarii_n the_o absurd_a and_o monstrous_a picture_n of_o christ_n mention_v by_o tertullian_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o ridiculous_a fiction_n whence_o have_v thus_o see_v with_o how_o much_o clearness_n the_o ancient_a christian_n vindicate_v themselves_o from_o those_o unjust_a aspersion_n which_o their_o spiteful_a and_o malicious_a adversary_n have_v cast_v upon_o they_o we_o come_v now_o to_o take_v a_o more_o direct_a and_o positive_a view_n of_o their_o religion_n which_o according_a to_o s._n paul_n division_n we_o shall_v consider_v as_o to_o their_o piety_n towards_o god_n 12._o those_o virtue_n which_o more_o immediate_o concern_v themselves_o and_o those_o which_o respect_v their_o behaviour_n and_o carriage_n towards_o other_o their_o piety_n towards_o god_n appear_v in_o those_o two_o main_a instance_n of_o it_o a_o serious_a and_o hearty_a detestation_n of_o idolatry_n and_o a_o religious_a care_n about_o the_o concern_v of_o divine_a worship_n idolatry_n in_o those_o time_n be_v the_o prevail_a sin_n of_o the_o world_n 85._o the_o principal_a crime_n of_o mankind_n the_o great_a guilt_n of_o the_o age_n and_o the_o almost_o sole_a cause_n of_o man_n be_v bring_v into_o judgement_n as_o what_o in_o a_o manner_n contain_v all_o sin_n under_o it_o as_o tertullian_n begin_v his_o book_n upon_o that_o subject_n a_o crime_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o one_o of_o the_o high_a sort_n of_o wickedness_n as_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o most_o ancient_a council_n in_o spain_n 1._o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o sin_n that_o undermine_v the_o very_a be_v of_o the_o deity_n and_o ravish_v the_o honour_n of_o his_o crown_n before_o we_o proceed_v any_o further_a we_o shall_v first_o inquire_v what_o be_v the_o notion_n they_o general_o have_v of_o idolatry_n and_o they_o then_o account_v that_o a_o man_n be_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n when_o he_o give_v divine_a adoration_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o god_n not_o only_a when_o he_o worship_v a_o material_a idol_n but_o when_o he_o vest_v any_o creature_n with_o that_o religious_a respect_n and_o veneration_n that_o be_v only_o due_a to_o god_n idolatry_n say_v tertullian_n rob_v god_n 11._o deny_v he_o those_o honour_n that_o be_v due_a to_o he_o and_o confer_v they_o upon_o other_o so_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o do_v both_o defraud_v he_o and_o reproach_n he_o 95._o and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o express_o affirm_v that_o whatever_o be_v exalt_v above_o the_o standard_n of_o civil_a worship_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o divine_a excellency_n be_v direct_o make_v a_o idol_n thus_o s._n gregory_n for_o his_o solid_a and_o excellent_a learning_n call_v the_o divine_a a_o title_n never_o give_v to_o any_o beside_o he_o but_o to_o st._n john_n the_o apostle_n define_v idolatry_n which_o 620._o say_v he_o be_v the_o great_a evil_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v the_o translation_n of_o that_o worship_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o creator_n upon_o the_o creature_n according_o we_o find_v they_o infinite_o zealous_a to_o assert_v divine_a adoration_n as_o the_o proper_a and_o incommunicable_a prerogative_n of_o god_n alone_o and_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o impart_v religious_a worship_n to_o any_o though_o the_o best_a of_o creature_n sure_o if_o any_o one_o will_v think_v angel_n the_o first_o rank_n of_o create_a being_n creature_n of_o such_o sublime_a excellency_n and_o perfection_n may_v have_v challenge_v it_o at_o their_o hand_n but_o hear_v what_o origen_n say_v to_o this_o 416._o we_o adore_v say_v he_o our_o lord_n god_n and_o serve_v he_o alone_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o christ_n who_o when_o tempt_v by_o the_o devil_n to_o fall_v down_o and_o worship_v he_o answer_v thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o refuse_v to_o give_v honour_n to_o those_o spirit_n that_o preside_v over_o humane_a affair_n because_o we_o can_v serve_v two_o master_n to_o wit_n god_n and_o mammon_n as_o for_o these_o daemon_n we_o know_v that_o they_o have_v no_o administration_n of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o man_n life_n yea_o though_o we_o know_v that_o they_o be_v not_o daemon_n but_o angel_n that_o have_v the_o government_n of_o fruit_n and_o season_n and_o the_o production_n of_o animal_n commit_v to_o they_o we_o indeed_o speak_v well_o
of_o they_o and_o think_v they_o happy_a that_o they_o be_v entrust_v by_o god_n to_o manage_v the_o conveniency_n of_o man_n life_n but_o yet_o do_v not_o give_v they_o that_o honour_n that_o be_v only_o due_a to_o god_n for_o this_o neither_o do_v god_n allow_v of_o neither_o do_v they_o desire_v it_o but_o equal_o love_v and_o regard_v we_o when_o we_o do_v not_o as_o if_o we_o do_v sacrifice_n to_o they_o and_o when_o celsus_n a_o little_a before_o have_v smart_o press_v he_o to_o do_v honour_n to_o daemon_n he_o reject_v the_o motion_n with_o great_a contempt_n 395._o away_o say_v he_o with_o this_o counsel_n of_o celsus_n who_o in_o this_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o to_o be_v hearken_v to_o for_o the_o great_a god_n only_o be_v to_o be_v adore_v and_o prayer_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o none_o but_o his_o only_o beget_v son_n the_o first_o bear_v of_o every_o creature_n that_o as_o our_o highpriest_n he_o may_v carry_v they_o to_o his_o father_n and_o to_o our_o father_n to_o his_o god_n and_o to_o our_o god_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o worship_n of_o angel_n do_v and_o that_o very_o early_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o apostle_n caveat_n against_o it_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o colossian_n creep_a into_o some_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n but_o be_v always_o disow_v and_o cry_v out_o against_o and_o at_o last_o public_o and_o solemn_o condemn_v by_o the_o whole_a laodicean_n council_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a say_v the_o thirty_o five_o canon_n of_o that_o council_n for_o christian_n to_o leave_v the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o to_o go_v and_o invocate_v angel_n and_o to_o make_v prohibit_v assembly_n if_o therefore_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v find_v devote_v himself_o to_o this_o private_a idolatry_n let_v he_o be_v accurse_v forasmuch_o as_o he_o have_v forsake_v the_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n the_o son_n of_o god_n and_o have_v deliver_v up_o himself_o to_o idolatry_n from_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o clear_a than_o that_o it_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o these_o father_n that_o the_o worship_v of_o angel_n be_v not_o only_o downright_a idolatry_n but_o a_o plain_a apostasy_n from_o the_o christian_a faith_n nor_o be_v they_o more_o peremptory_a in_o deny_v divine_a honour_n to_o angel_n than_o they_o be_v to_o martyr_n and_o depart_a saint_n for_o though_o they_o have_v a_o mighty_a honour_n and_o respect_n for_o martyr_n as_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n afterward_o as_o those_o that_o have_v maintain_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o seal_v it_o with_o their_o blood_n and_o therefore_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o do_v praise_n and_o honour_n to_o their_o memory_n yet_o be_v they_o far_o from_o place_v any_o thing_n of_o religion_n or_o divine_a adoration_n in_o it_o whereof_o it_o will_v be_v enough_o to_o quote_v one_o famous_a instance_n the_o church_n of_o smyrna_n write_v to_o the_o church_n of_o pontus_n hist_o to_o give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o polycarpus_n their_o bishop_n 134_o tell_v they_o that_o after_o he_o be_v dead_a many_o of_o the_o christian_n be_v desirous_a to_o have_v get_v the_o remain_v of_o his_o body_n possible_o to_o have_v give_v they_o decent_a and_o honourable_a burial_n but_o be_v prevent_v in_o it_o by_o some_o jew_n who_o importune_v the_o proconsul_n to_o the_o contrary_a suggest_v that_o the_o christian_n leave_v their_o crucify_a master_n may_v henceforth_o worship_v polycarpus_n whereupon_o they_o add_v that_o this_o suggestion_n must_v needs_o proceed_v from_o ignorance_n of_o the_o true_a state_n of_o christian_n this_o they_o do_v say_v they_o not_o consider_v how_o impossible_a it_o be_v that_o ever_o we_o shall_v either_o forsake_v christ_n who_o die_v for_o the_o salvation_n of_o mankind_n or_o that_o we_o shall_v worship_v any_o other_o we_o adore_v he_o as_o the_o son_n of_o god_n but_o the_o martyr_n as_o the_o disciple_n and_o follow_v of_o our_o lord_n we_o deserve_o love_v for_o their_o eminent_a kindness_n to_o their_o own_o prince_n and_o master_n who_o companion_n and_o fellow-disciple_n we_o also_o by_o all_o mean_n desire_v to_o be_v this_o instance_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o valuable_a in_o this_o case_n not_o only_o because_o so_o plain_a and_o pertinent_a but_o because_o so_o ancient_a and_o from_o person_n of_o so_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o church_n for_o this_o be_v not_o the_o testimony_n of_o any_o one_o private_a person_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a church_n of_o smyrna_n according_a as_o it_o have_v be_v train_v up_o under_o the_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n of_o polycarpus_n the_o immediate_a disciple_n of_o s._n john_n this_o be_v the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o christian_n then_o and_o it_o hold_v so_o for_o some_o age_n after_o even_o down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o s._n augustine_n when_o yet_o in_o many_o other_o thing_n the_o simplicity_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n begin_v to_o decline_v apace_o we_o set_v apart_o say_v he_o no_o temple_n 1355._o nor_o priest_n nor_o divine_a service_n nor_o sacrifice_n to_o martyr_n because_o they_o be_v not_o god_n but_o the_o same_o who_o be_v they_o be_v our_o god_n indeed_o we_o honour_v their_o memory_n as_o of_o holy_a man_n who_o have_v stand_v for_o the_o truth_n even_o unto_o death_n that_o so_o the_o true_a religion_n may_v appear_v and_o those_o which_o be_v false_a be_v convince_v to_o be_v so_o but_o who_o ever_o hear_v a_o priest_n stand_v at_o the_o altar_n build_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o worship_n of_o god_n over_o the_o body_n of_o the_o holy_a martyr_n to_o say_v in_o his_o prayer_n i_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o thou_o peter_n or_o paul_n or_o cyprian_a for_o in_o such_o commemoration_n we_o offer_v to_o that_o god_n who_o make_v they_o both_o man_n and_o martyr_n and_o have_v make_v they_o partner_n with_o holy_a angel_n in_o the_o heavenly_a glory_n and_o by_o these_o solemnity_n we_o both_o give_v thanks_o to_o the_o true_a god_n for_o the_o victory_n which_o they_o have_v gain_v and_o also_o stir_v up_o ourselves_o by_o beg_v his_o assistance_n to_o contend_v for_o such_o crown_n and_o reward_n as_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o so_o that_o whatever_o office_n religious_a man_n perform_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o martyr_n they_o be_v only_a ornament_n to_o their_o memory_n not_o sacrifice_n or_o divine_a service_n do_v to_o the_o depart_a as_o if_o they_o be_v deity_n more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o may_v find_v in_o that_o place_n as_o also_o in_o infinite_a other_o place_n of_o his_o work_n where_o be_v it_o worth_a the_o while_n i_o can_v easy_o show_v that_o he_o do_v no_o less_o frequent_o than_o express_o assert_v that_o though_o the_o honour_n of_o love_n respect_n and_o imitation_n yet_o no_o religious_a adoration_n be_v due_a either_o to_o angel_n martyr_n or_o depart_v saint_n but_o the_o great_a instance_n wherein_o the_o primitive_a christian_n manifest_v their_o detestation_n of_o idolatry_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o idolatrous_a worship_n of_o the_o heathen_a world_n the_o deny_v and_o abhor_v any_o thing_n of_o divine_a honour_n that_o be_v do_v to_o their_o god_n they_o look_v upon_o the_o very_a make_n of_o idol_n though_o with_o no_o intention_n to_o worship_v they_o as_o a_o unlawful_a trade_n and_o as_o inconsistent_a with_o christianity_n how_o have_v we_o renounce_v the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n say_v tertullian_n 88_o mean_v their_o solemn_a renunciation_n in_o baptism_n if_o we_o make_v idol_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o say_v though_o i_o make_v they_o i_o do_v not_o worship_v they_o there_o be_v the_o same_o cause_n not_o to_o make_v they_o that_o there_o be_v not_o to_o worship_v they_o viz._n the_o offence_n that_o in_o both_o be_v do_v to_o god_n yet_o thou_o do_v so_o far_o worship_v they_o as_o thou_o make_v they_o that_o other_o may_v worship_v they_o and_o therefore_o he_o roundly_o pronounce_v that_o no_o art_n 10._o no_o profession_n no_o service_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v employ_v either_o in_o make_v or_o minister_a to_o idol_n can_v come_v short_a of_o idolatry_n they_o startle_v at_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v but_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o symbolise_v with_o they_o in_o their_o idolatry_n therefore_o the_o ancyran_n council_n condemn_v they_o to_o a_o two_o year_n supension_n from_o the_o sacrament_n 7._o who_o sit_v down_o with_o their_o heathen_a friend_n upon_o their_o solemn_a festival_n in_o their_o idol-temple_n although_o they_o bring_v their_o own_o provision_n along_o with_o they_o and_o touch_v not_o one_o bit_n of_o what_o have_v be_v offer_v to_o the_o idol_n their_o first_o care_n in_o instruct_v new_a convert_v be_v to_o leaven_n they_o with_o the_o hatred_n of_o idolatry_n those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v initiate_v into_o our_o religion_n say_v origen_n
epiphanius_n and_o then_o too_o meet_v with_o no_o very_a welcome_a entertainment_n as_o may_v appear_v from_o epiphanius_n his_o own_o epistle_n translate_v by_o s._n hierom_n where_o the_o story_n in_o short_a be_v this_o 161._o come_v say_v he_o to_o anablatha_n a_o village_n in_o palestine_n and_o go_v into_o a_o church_n to_o pray_v i_o espy_v a_o curtain_n hang_v over_o the_o door_n whereon_o be_v paint_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n or_o of_o some_o saint_n which_o when_o i_o look_v upon_o and_o see_v the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n hang_v up_o in_o the_o church_n contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n i_o present_o rend_v it_o and_o advise_v the_o guardian_n of_o the_o church_n rather_o to_o make_v use_v of_o it_o as_o a_o winding-sheet_n for_o some_o poor_a man_n bury_v whereat_o when_o they_o be_v a_o little_a trouble_v and_o say_v it_o be_v but_o just_a that_o since_o i_o have_v rend_v that_o curtain_n i_o shall_v change_v it_o and_o give_v they_o another_o i_o promise_v they_o i_o will_v and_o have_v now_o send_v the_o best_a i_o can_v get_v and_o pray_v entreat_v they_o to_o accept_v it_o and_o give_v command_v that_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v no_o such_o curtain_n be_v contrary_a to_o our_o religion_n may_v be_v hang_v up_o in_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n it_o more_o become_v your_o place_n solicitous_o to_o remove_v whatever_o be_v offensive_a to_o and_o unworthy_a of_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o people_n commit_v to_o your_o charge_n this_o be_v write_v to_o john_n bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o who_o diocese_n the_o thing_n have_v be_v do_v and_o the_o case_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o press_v and_o weighty_a by_o how_o the_o great_a esteem_n and_o value_n epiphanius_n than_o bishop_n of_o salamine_n in_o cyprus_n for_o his_o great_a age_n and_o excellent_a learning_n have_v in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n this_o instance_n be_v so_o home_o and_o pregnant_a that_o the_o patron_n of_o image-worship_n be_v at_o a_o mighty_a loss_n what_o to_o say_v to_o it_o and_o after_o all_o be_v force_v to_o cry_v out_o against_o it_o as_o supposititious_a 776._o bellarmine_n bring_v no_o less_o than_o nine_o argument_n if_o such_o they_o may_v be_v call_v to_o make_v it_o seem_v probable_a but_o have_v he_o be_v ingenuous_a he_o may_v have_v give_v one_o reason_n more_o true_a and_o satisfactory_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n why_o that_o part_n of_o the_o epistle_n shall_v be_v think_v forge_v and_o spurious_a viz._n because_o it_o make_v so_o much_o against_o they_o more_o may_v be_v produce_v to_o this_o purpose_n but_o by_o this_o i_o hope_v it_o be_v clear_a enough_o that_o the_o honest_a christian_n of_o those_o time_n as_o they_o think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o pray_v to_o god_n without_o make_v their_o address_n to_o saint_n and_o angel_n so_o they_o account_v their_o church_n fine_a enough_o without_o picture_n and_o image_n to_o adorn_v they_o their_o church_n be_v build_v and_o beautify_v so_o far_o as_o consist_v with_o the_o ability_n and_o simplicity_n of_o those_o day_n they_o seek_v to_o derive_v a_o great_a value_n and_o esteem_v upon_o they_o by_o some_o peculiar_a consecration_n for_o the_o wisdom_n and_o piety_n of_o those_o time_n think_v it_o not_o enough_o bare_o to_o devote_v they_o to_o the_o public_a service_n of_o religion_n unless_o they_o also_o set_v they_o apart_o with_o solemn_a rite_n of_o a_o formal_a dedication_n this_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n both_o among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n as_o old_a as_o solomon_n temple_n nay_o as_o moses_n and_o the_o tabernacle_n when_o it_o be_v first_o take_v up_o by_o christian_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v only_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o footstep_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n in_o any_o approve_a writer_n for_o the_o decretal_a epistle_n every_o one_o know_v what_o their_o faith_n be_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o constantine_n in_o his_o time_n christianity_n be_v become_v more_o prosperous_a and_o successful_a church_n be_v every_o where_o erect_v and_o repair_v 370._o and_o no_o soon_o be_v so_o but_o as_o eusebius_n tell_v we_o they_o be_v solemn_o consecrate_v and_o the_o dedication_n celebrate_v with_o great_a festivity_n and_o rejoice_v a_o instance_n whereof_o he_o there_o give_v of_o the_o famous_a church_n of_o tyre_n at_o the_o dedication_n whereof_o he_o himself_o make_v that_o excellent_a oration_n insert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o his_o history_n about_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o build_v a_o stately_a church_n at_o jerusalem_n over_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o our_o saviour_n 43._o which_o be_v dedicate_v with_o singular_a magnificence_n and_o veneration_n and_o for_o the_o great_a honour_n by_o his_o imperial_a letter_n he_o summon_v the_o bishop_n who_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o east_n be_v then_o meet_v in_o council_n at_o tyre_n to_o be_v present_a and_o assist_v at_o the_o solemnity_n the_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n use_v at_o these_o dedication_n as_o we_o find_v in_o eusebius_n be_v a_o great_a confluence_n of_o bishop_n and_o stranger_n from_o all_o part_n the_o performance_n of_o divine_a office_n sing_v of_o hymn_n and_o psalm_n read_v and_o expound_v of_o the_o scripture_n sermon_n and_o oration_n receive_v the_o holy_a sacrament_n prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n liberal_a alm_n bestow_v on_o the_o poor_a and_o great_a gift_n give_v to_o the_o church_n and_o in_o short_a mighty_a expression_n of_o mutual_a love_n and_o kindness_n and_o universal_a rejoice_v with_o one_o another_o what_o other_o particular_a ceremony_n be_v introduce_v afterward_o concern_v not_o i_o to_o inquire_v only_o let_v i_o note_v that_o under_o some_o of_o the_o christian_a emperor_n when_o paganism_n lie_v gasp_v for_o life_n and_o their_o temple_n be_v purge_v and_o convert_v into_o christian_a church_n gâ—thofr_n they_o be_v usual_o consecrate_v only_o by_o place_v a_o cross_n in_o they_o as_o the_o venerable_a ensign_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a to_o that_o purpose_n the_o memory_n of_o the_o dedication_n of_o that_o church_n at_o jerusalem_n be_v constant_o continue_v and_o keep_v alive_a in_o that_o church_n 653._o and_o once_o a_o year_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o 14._o of_o september_n on_o which_o day_n it_o have_v be_v dedicate_v be_v solemnize_v with_o great_a pomp_n and_o much_o confluence_n of_o people_n from_o all_o part_n the_o solemnity_n usual_o lasting_a eight_o day_n together_o which_o doubtless_o give_v birth_n to_o that_o custom_n of_o keep_v anniversary_n day_n of_o commemoration_n of_o the_o dedication_n of_o church_n which_o from_o this_o time_n forward_o we_o frequent_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o church_n and_o much_o prevail_v in_o after_o age_n some_o shadow_n whereof_o still_o remain_v among_o we_o at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o wake_n observe_v in_o several_a county_n which_o in_o correspondence_n with_o the_o encoenia_fw-la of_o the_o ancient_a church_n be_v annual_a festival_n keep_v in_o country_n village_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o dedication_n of_o their_o particular_a church_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o some_o age_n of_o the_o church_n that_o no_o church_n shall_v be_v consecrate_v till_o it_o be_v endow_v it_o may_v give_v we_o occasion_n to_o inquire_v what_o revenue_n church_n have_v in_o those_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o for_o a_o great_a while_o they_o have_v no_o other_o public_a income_n than_o either_o what_o arise_v out_o of_o those_o common_a contribution_n which_o they_o make_v at_o their_o usual_a assembly_n every_o one_o give_v or_o offer_v according_a to_o his_o ability_n or_o devotion_n which_o be_v put_v into_o a_o common_a stock_n or_o treasury_n or_o what_o proceed_v from_o the_o offering_n which_o they_o make_v out_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o land_n 4._o the_o apostolic_a canon_n provide_v that_o their_o first-fruit_n shall_v be_v partly_o offer_v at_o the_o church_n partly_o send_v home_o to_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n the_o care_n of_o all_o which_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o precedent_n or_o bishop_n of_o the_o church_n for_o who_o say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o forecited_n canon_n 41._o be_v fit_a to_o be_v trust_v with_o the_o riches_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n than_o he_o who_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o precious_a soul_n of_o man_n and_o by_o he_o dispose_v of_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a or_o whatever_o necessity_n of_o the_o church_n as_o christianity_n increase_v and_o time_n grow_v better_a they_o obtain_v more_o proper_a and_o fix_a revenue_n house_n and_o land_n be_v settle_v upon_o they_o for_o such_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o have_v even_o during_o the_o time_n
543._o and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o persecution_n he_o tell_v fabius_n that_o if_o they_o can_v not_o celebrate_v dominica_n solennia_fw-la their_o lordsday_n solemnity_n in_o the_o day_n time_n they_o have_v the_o night_n sufficient_o clear_a with_o the_o light_n of_o christ_n this_o give_v occasion_n to_o their_o spiteful_a adversary_n to_o calumniate_v and_o asperse_v they_o 7._o the_o heathen_a in_o minucius_n charge_v they_o with_o their_o night-congregation_n upon_o which_o account_n they_o be_v there_o scornful_o call_v latebrosa_fw-la &_o lucifugax_fw-la natio_fw-la a_o obscure_a and_o skulk_a generation_n 7._o and_o the_o very_a first_o thing_n that_o celsus_n object_n be_v that_o the_o christian_n have_v private_a and_o clancular_a assembly_n or_o combination_n to_o which_o origen_n answer_v that_o if_o it_o be_v so_o they_o may_v thank_v they_o for_o it_o who_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o exercise_v it_o more_o open_o that_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n be_v sufficient_o evident_a and_o obvious_a and_o better_o know_v through_o the_o world_n than_o the_o opinion_n and_o sentiment_n of_o their_o best_a philosopher_n and_o that_o if_o there_o be_v some_o mystery_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o be_v not_o communicate_v to_o every_o one_o it_o be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o what_o be_v common_a in_o the_o several_a sect_n of_o their_o own_o philosophy_n but_o to_o return_v they_o look_v upon_o the_o lordsday_n as_o a_o time_n to_o be_v celebrate_v with_o great_a expression_n of_o joy_n as_o be_v the_o happy_a memory_n of_o christ_n resurrection_n and_o according_o restrain_v whatever_o may_v savour_v of_o sorrow_n and_o sadness_n fast_v on_o that_o day_n they_o prohibit_v with_o the_o great_a severity_n account_v it_o utter_o unlawful_a as_o tertullian_n inform_v we_o 102._o it_o be_v a_o very_a bitter_a censure_n that_o of_o ignatius_n or_o whoseever_n that_o epistle_n be_v for_o certain_o it_o be_v not_o his_o that_o who_o ever_o fast_v on_o a_o lordsday_n be_v a_o murderer_n of_o christ_n 112._o however_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o never_o fast_v on_o those_o day_n no_o not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o lent_n itself_o nay_o the_o montanist_n though_o otherwise_o great_a pretender_n to_o fast_v and_o mortification_n do_v yet_o abstain_v from_o it_o on_o the_o lordsday_n and_o as_o they_o account_v it_o a_o joyful_a and_o good_a day_n so_o they_o do_v what_o ever_o they_o think_v may_v contribute_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o it_o no_o soon_o be_v constantine_n come_v over_o to_o the_o church_n 534._o but_o his_o principal_a care_n be_v about_o the_o lordsday_n he_o command_v it_o to_o be_v solemn_o observe_v and_o that_o by_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o he_o make_v it_o to_o all_o a_o day_n of_o rest_n that_o man_n may_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o worship_n god_n and_o be_v better_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o spend_v their_o whole_a time_n without_o any_o thing_n to_o hinder_v they_o in_o prayer_n and_o devotion_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n and_o for_o those_o in_o his_o army_n who_o yet_o remain_v in_o their_o paganism_n and_o infidelity_n he_o command_v they_o upon_o lords-day_n to_o go_v out_o into_o the_o field_n and_o there_o pour_v out_o their_o soul_n in_o hearty_a prayer_n to_o god_n and_o that_o none_o may_v pretend_v their_o own_o inability_n to_o the_o duty_n he_o himself_o compose_v and_o give_v they_o a_o short_a form_n of_o prayer_n which_o he_o enjoin_v they_o to_o make_v use_n of_o every_o lordsday_n so_o careful_a be_v he_o that_o this_o day_n shall_v not_o be_v dishonour_v or_o misemployed_n even_o by_o those_o who_o be_v yet_o stranger_n and_o enemy_n to_o christianity_n 3._o he_o moreover_o ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o court_n of_o judicature_n open_a upon_o this_o day_n no_o suit_n or_o trial_n at_o law_n but_o that_o for_o any_o work_n of_o mercy_n such_o as_o the_o emancipate_v and_o set_v free_a of_o slave_n or_o servant_n this_o may_v be_v do_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o suit_n nor_o demand_v debt_n upon_o this_o day_n 8._o be_v confirm_v by_o several_a law_n of_o succeed_a emperor_n and_o that_o no_o arbitrator_n who_o have_v the_o umpirage_n of_o any_o business_n lie_v before_o they_o 3._o shall_v at_o that_o time_n have_v power_n to_o determine_v or_o take_v up_o litigious_a cause_n penalty_n be_v entail_v upon_o any_o that_o transgress_v herein_o 15._o theodosius_n the_o great_a 2._o anno_fw-la 386._o by_o a_o second_o law_n ratify_v one_o which_o he_o have_v pass_v long_o before_o wherein_o he_o express_o prohibit_v all_o public_a show_n upon_o the_o lordsday_n that_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n may_v not_o be_v confound_v with_o those_o profane_a solemnity_n this_o law_n the_o young_a theodosius_n some_o few_o year_n after_o confirm_v and_o enlarge_v dominico_n enact_v that_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o some_o other_o festival_n there_o mention_v not_o only_a christian_n but_o even_o jew_n and_o heathen_n shall_v be_v restrain_v from_o the_o pleasure_n of_o all_o sight_n and_o spectacle_n and_o the_o theatre_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o every_o place_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o birthday_n or_o inauguration_n of_o the_o emperor_n may_v fall_v upon_o that_o day_n therefore_o to_o let_v the_o people_n know_v how_o infinite_o he_o prefer_v the_o honour_n of_o god_n before_o the_o concern_v of_o his_o own_o majesty_n and_o greatness_n he_o command_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v that_o then_o the_o imperial_a solemnity_n shall_v be_v put_v off_o and_o defer_v till_o another_o day_n i_o shall_v take_v notice_n but_o of_o one_o instance_n more_o of_o their_o great_a observance_n of_o this_o day_n and_o that_o be_v their_o constant_a attendance_n upon_o the_o solemnity_n of_o public_a worship_n they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o enough_o to_o read_v and_o pray_v and_o praise_n god_n at_o home_n but_o make_v conscience_n of_o appear_v in_o the_o public_a assembly_n from_o which_o nothing_o but_o sickness_n and_o absolute_a necessity_n do_v detain_v they_o and_o if_o sick_a or_o in_o prison_n or_o under_o banishment_n nothing_o trouble_v they_o more_o than_o that_o they_o can_v not_o come_v to_o church_n and_o join_v their_o devotion_n to_o the_o common_a service_n if_o persecution_n at_o any_o time_n force_v they_o to_o keep_v a_o little_a close_a yet_o no_o soon_o be_v there_o the_o least_o mitigation_n but_o they_o present_o return_v to_o their_o open_a duty_n and_o public_o meet_v all_o together_o no_o trivial_a pretence_n no_o light_a excuse_n be_v then_o admit_v for_o any_o one_o absence_n from_o the_o congregation_n but_o according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n severe_a censure_n be_v pass_v upon_o they_o the_o synod_n of_o illiberis_n provide_v 28._o that_o if_o any_o man_n dwell_v in_o a_o city_n where_o usual_o church_n be_v near_a hand_n shall_v for_o three_o lord_n day_n absent_a himself_o from_o the_o church_n he_o shall_v for_o some_o time_n be_v suspend_v the_o communion_n that_o he_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v correct_v for_o his_o fault_n they_o allow_v no_o separate_a assembly_n no_o congregation_n but_o what_o meet_v in_o the_o public_a church_n if_o any_o man_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v a_o breach_n and_o to_o draw_v people_n into_o corner_n he_o be_v present_o condemn_v and_o a_o suitable_a penalty_n put_v upon_o he_o when_o eustathius_n bishop_n of_o sebastia_n a_o man_n petend_v to_o great_a strictness_n and_o austerity_n of_o life_n begin_v to_o cast_v off_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o introduce_v many_o odd_a observation_n of_o his_o own_o among_o other_o to_o contemn_v priest_n that_o be_v marry_v to_o fast_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o to_o keep_v meeting_n in_o private_a house_n draw_v away_o many_o but_o especial_o woman_n 521._o as_o the_o historian_n observe_v who_o leave_v their_o husband_n be_v lead_v away_o with_o error_n and_o from_o that_o into_o great_a filthiness_n and_o impurity_n no_o soon_o do_v the_o bishop_n of_o those_o part_n discover_v it_o but_o meet_v in_o council_n at_o gangra_n the_o metropolis_n of_o paphlagonia_n about_o the_o year_n 340._o they_o condemn_v and_o cast_v they_o out_o of_o the_o church_n 5._o pass_v these_o two_o canon_n among_o the_o rest_n if_o any_o one_o shall_v teach_v that_o the_o house_n of_o god_n be_v to_o be_v despise_v and_o the_o assembly_n that_o be_v hold_v in_o it_o let_v he_o be_v accurse_v if_o any_o shall_v take_v upon_o he_o out_o of_o the_o church_n private_o to_o preach_v at_o home_n and_o make_v light_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v do_v those_o thing_n that_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o church_n without_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o the_o leave_n and_o allowance_n of_o the_o bishop_n let_v he_o be_v accurse_v
the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o visiter_n in_o every_o diocese_n of_o metropolitan_o what_o their_o power_n and_o authority_n above_o ordinary_a bishop_n their_o antiquity_n of_o patriarch_n and_o in_o what_o respect_v superior_a to_o metropolitan_o and_o archbishop_n a_o account_n of_o conform_v the_o external_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n presbyter_n their_o place_n and_o duty_n whether_o they_o preach_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n deacon_n their_o institution_n office_n number_n the_o archdeacon_n of_o inferior_a order_n the_o subdeacon_n the_o acolythus_n the_o exorcist_n the_o reader_n the_o doorkeeper_n what_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o several_a place_n ordination_n to_o these_o office_n how_o manage_v the_o people_n present_a at_o and_o consent_n to_o the_o ordination_n sacerdotes_fw-la praedicarii_fw-la what_o the_o christian_a discipline_n in_o this_o case_n imitate_v by_o the_o emperor_n severus_n in_o appoint_v civil_a officer_n great_a trial_n and_o testimonial_n to_o be_v have_v of_o person_n to_o be_v ordain_v clergyman_n to_o rise_v by_o degree_n the_o age_n usual_o require_v in_o those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v promote_v to_o the_o several_a order_n of_o deaconess_n their_o antiquity_n age_n and_o office_n the_o great_a honour_n and_o respect_n show_v to_o bishop_n and_o minister_n look_v upon_o as_o common_a parent_n nothing_o of_o moment_n do_v without_o their_o leave_n their_o welcome_n and_o the_o honour_n do_v they_o wherever_o they_o come_v this_o make_v good_a by_o several_a instance_n bishop_n invest_v with_o power_n to_o determine_v civil_a controversy_n the_o plentiful_a provision_n make_v for_o they_o the_o great_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n grant_v by_o constantine_n and_o his_o successor_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n note_v out_o of_o the_o theodosian_a code_n from_o the_o consideration_n of_o time_n and_o place_n we_o proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o person_n that_o constitute_v and_o make_v up_o their_o religious_a assembly_n and_o they_o be_v either_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n or_o those_o who_o be_v peculiar_o consecrate_v and_o set_v apart_o for_o the_o public_a ministration_n of_o religion_n for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o christianity_n at_o first_o general_o gain_v admission_n in_o great_a town_n and_o city_n so_o all_o the_o believer_n of_o that_o place_n usual_o assemble_v and_o meet_v together_o the_o christian_n also_o of_o the_o neighbour-village_n resort_v thither_o at_o time_n of_o public_a worship_n but_o religion_n increase_a apace_o the_o public_a assembly_n especial_o in_o the_o great_a city_n quick_o begin_v to_o be_v too_o vast_a and_o numerous_a to_o be_v manage_v with_o any_o order_n and_o conveniency_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v force_v to_o divide_v the_o body_n into_o particular_a congregation_n who_o have_v their_o pastor_n and_o spiritual_a guide_n set_v over_o they_o but_o still_o be_v under_o the_o superintendency_n and_o care_n of_o he_o that_o be_v the_o precedent_n or_o bishop_n of_o the_o place_n and_o according_a as_o the_o church_n can_v form_v and_o establish_v its_o discipline_n the_o people_n either_o according_a to_o their_o seniority_n and_o improvement_n or_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o present_a condition_n they_o be_v under_o begin_v to_o be_v distinguish_v into_o several_a rank_n and_o class_n which_o have_v their_o distinct_a place_n in_o the_o church_n and_o their_o gradual_a admission_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o public_a worship_n balsam_n the_o first_o be_v the_o catechuman_n zoâ—ar_n and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n 5._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d neo-caesar_n or_o more_o perfect_a such_o as_o have_v be_v catechuman_n of_o some_o considerable_a stand_n and_o be_v even_o ripe_a for_o baptism_n these_o may_v stay_v not_o only_o the_o read_n of_o the_o scripture_n but_o to_o the_o very_a last_o part_n of_o the_o first_o service_n the_o other_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o more_o rude_a and_o imperfect_a who_o stand_v only_o among_o the_o hearer_n and_o be_v to_o depart_v the_o congregation_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o lesson_n be_v read_v these_o be_v as_o yet_o account_v heathen_n who_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o be_v catechize_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o more_o plain_a ground_n and_o rudiment_n of_o religion_n these_o principle_n be_v gradual_o deliver_v to_o they_o according_a as_o they_o become_v capable_a to_o receive_v they_o first_o the_o more_o plain_a and_o then_o the_o more_o difficult_a indeed_o they_o be_v very_o shy_a of_o impart_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o more_o recondite_v doctrine_n of_o christianity_n to_o any_o till_o after_o baptism_n 13._o so_o s._n cyril_n express_o assure_v we_o where_o speak_v to_o the_o illuminate_v or_o baptise_a if_o during_o the_o chatechetical_a exercise_n say_v he_o a_o catechumen_n shall_v ask_v thou_o what_o that_o mean_n which_o the_o preacher_n say_v tell_v he_o not_o for_o he_o be_v yet_o without_o and_o these_o mystery_n be_v deliver_v to_o thou_o only_o the_o weak_a understanding_n of_o a_o catechumen_n be_v no_o more_o able_a to_o bear_v such_o sublime_a mystery_n than_o a_o sick_a man_n head_n can_v large_a and_o immoderate_a draught_n of_o wine_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o preface_n he_o have_v this_o note_n 21._o these_o catechetical_a discourse_n may_v be_v read_v by_o those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v baptize_v or_o the_o faithful_a already_o baptize_v but_o to_o catechuman_n or_o such_o as_o be_v no_o christian_n thou_o may_v not_o impart_v they_o for_o if_o thou_o do_v expect_v to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o god_n s._n basil_n discourse_v of_o the_o rite_n and_o institution_n of_o christianity_n 2._o divide_v they_o into_o two_o part_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v those_o part_n of_o religion_n which_o may_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v familiar_o preach_v and_o expound_v to_o the_o people_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o more_o sublime_a and_o hide_a doctrine_n and_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o these_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thing_n not_o rash_o and_o common_o to_o be_v divulge_v but_o to_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o silence_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o trinity_n and_o hypostatick_a union_n 230._o and_o such_o like_a especial_o of_o the_o two_o sacrament_n baptism_n and_o the_o lord_n supper_n for_o though_o they_o acquaint_v their_o young_a hearer_n with_o so_o much_o of_o they_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o stir_v up_o their_o desire_n yet_o as_o to_o the_o main_a of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o the_o sacramental_a symbol_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o celebration_n the_o modus_fw-la of_o the_o divine_a presence_n at_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n the_o meaning_n of_o all_o those_o mystical_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n that_o be_v use_v about_o they_o these_o be_v careful_o conceal_v both_o from_o stranger_n and_o catechuman_n and_o communicate_v only_o to_o those_o who_o be_v solemn_o initiate_v and_o baptize_v hence_o that_o ancient_a form_n so_o common_a in_o the_o sermon_n and_o write_n of_o the_o father_n whereby_o when_o accidental_o discourse_v before_o the_o people_n of_o any_o of_o these_o mysterious_a part_n of_o religion_n they_o use_v to_o fetch_v themselves_o off_o with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d those_o that_o be_v initiate_v know_v what_o be_v say_v chrys_n this_o be_v so_o usual_a isid_v that_o this_o phrase_n occur_v at_o least_o fifty_o time_n in_o the_o write_n of_o s._n chrysostom_n only_o 4._o as_o casaubon_n have_v observe_v aliique_fw-la who_o have_v likewise_o note_v three_o reason_n out_o of_o the_o father_n why_o they_o so_o studious_o conceal_v these_o part_n of_o their_o religion_n 556._o first_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o so_o sublime_a and_o remote_a from_o vulgar_a apprehension_n that_o they_o will_v signify_v little_a to_o pagan_n or_o catechuman_n not_o yet_o full_o instruct_v and_o confirm_v in_o the_o faith_n and_o will_v either_o be_v lose_v upon_o they_o or_o in_o danger_n to_o be_v deride_v by_o they_o second_o that_o hereby_o the_o catechuman_n and_o young_a christian_n may_v be_v inflame_v with_o a_o great_a eagerness_n of_o desire_n to_o partake_v of_o the_o mystery_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o faithful_a humane_a nature_n be_v desirous_a of_o nothing_o more_o than_o the_o knowledge_n of_o what_o be_v keep_v and_o conceal_v from_o we_o to_o help_v they_o forward_o in_o this_o vâ—â—l_n s._n augustine_n tell_v we_o 493._o that_o in_o their_o public_a prayer_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o beg_v of_o god_n to_o inspire_v the_o catechuman_n with_o a_o desire_n of_o baptismal_a regeneration_n the_o same_o account_n chrysostom_n give_v we_o 740._o this_o
be_v part_n of_o the_o form_n use_v in_o their_o public_a service_n let_v we_o pray_v that_o the_o most_o gracious_a and_o merciful_a god_n will_v hear_v the_o prayer_n of_o the_o catechuman_n and_o what_o it_o be_v they_o pray_v for_o he_o present_o add_v viz._n that_o they_o may_v no_o long_o remain_v in_o that_o state_n upon_o these_o account_n initiation_n by_o baptism_n but_o especial_o admission_n to_o the_o lord_n supper_n be_v among_o other_o title_n in_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n call_v desiderata_fw-la because_o so_o earnest_o desire_v and_o seek_v for_o by_o those_o that_o be_v not_o yet_o take_v in_o the_o truth_n be_v ibid._n till_o person_n arrive_v at_o this_o state_n they_o be_v not_o account_v christian_n or_o but_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n as_o candidate_n that_o stand_v in_o order_n to_o it_o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o satisfy_v themselves_o either_o to_o live_v or_o die_v in_o that_o condition_n wherein_o they_o want_v the_o great_a seal_n and_o pledge_n of_o their_o christianity_n three_o to_o beget_v in_o man_n mind_n the_o high_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n for_o these_o religious_a mystery_n nothing_o produce_v a_o great_a contempt_n even_o in_o sacred_a thing_n than_o too_o much_o openness_n and_o familiarity_n so_o that_o a_o little_a obscurity_n and_o concealment_n may_v seem_v necessary_a to_o vindicate_v they_o from_o contempt_n and_o secure_v the_o majesty_n and_o reverence_n that_o be_v due_a to_o they_o this_o make_v the_o father_n &_o senior_n of_o the_o church_n say_v s._n basil_n in_o prescribe_v rite_n and_o law_n laud._n leave_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o dark_a behind_o the_o vail_n and_o curtain_n that_o they_o may_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d preserve_v the_o sacredness_n and_o dignity_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o mystery_n of_o religion_n for_o a_o thing_n say_v he_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o mystery_n when_o it_o be_v once_o expose_v to_o every_o vulgar_a and_o common_a ear_n but_o of_o this_o enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o and_o as_o they_o be_v careful_a to_o keep_v the_o high_a part_n of_o christianity_n within_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o faithful_a so_o they_o be_v not_o less_o careful_a to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v the_o catechuman_n in_o all_o those_o principle_n they_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v teach_v this_o at_o their_o first_o come_v over_o be_v do_v private_o and_o at_o home_n by_o person_n depute_v on_o purpose_n to_o that_o office_n by_o the_o bishop_n as_o balsamon_n clear_o intimate_v till_o they_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v in_o the_o first_o and_o more_o intelligible_a principle_n of_o the_o faith_n 26._o then_o they_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o congregation_n laodie_n and_o suffer_v to_o be_v present_a at_o some_o part_n of_o the_o divine_a service_n especial_o the_o sermon_n which_o be_v make_v for_o the_o building_n they_o up_o unto_o high_a measure_n of_o knowledge_n which_o be_v end_v they_o be_v command_v to_o depart_v the_o church_n not_o be_v suffer_v to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o more_o solemn_a rite_n especial_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o be_v train_v up_o till_o they_o be_v initiate_v by_o baptism_n and_o take_v into_o the_o high_a form_n of_o christian_n how_o long_a person_n remain_v in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o catechuman_n be_v difficult_a to_o determine_v it_o not_o be_v always_o nor_o in_o all_o place_n alike_o but_o long_o in_o some_o and_o short_a in_o other_o and_o probable_o according_a to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o person_n 1032._o the_o apostolic_a constitution_n appoint_v three_o year_n for_o the_o catechumen_n to_o be_v instruct_v but_o provide_v withal_o that_o if_o any_o one_o be_v diligent_a and_o virtuous_a and_o have_v a_o ripeness_n of_o understanding_n for_o the_o thing_n he_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o baptism_n soon_o for_o say_v they_o not_o the_o space_n of_o time_n but_o the_o fitness_n and_o manner_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v in_o this_o matter_n the_o next_o sort_n be_v the_o penitent_n such_o as_o for_o some_o misdemeanour_n be_v under_o the_o censure_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o church_n and_o be_v gradual_o to_o obtain_v absolution_n from_o it_o of_o these_o there_o be_v several_a degree_n five_o especial_o mention_v by_o s._n gregory_n of_o neo-caesarea_n 〈◊〉_d who_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 250._o the_o first_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 121._o such_o as_o weep_v and_o lament_v and_o be_v rather_o candidate_n to_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o order_n of_o penitent_n than_o penitent_n proper_o so_o call_v these_o usual_o stand_v in_o a_o squalid_a and_o mournful_a habit_n at_o the_o church-porch_n with_o tear_n and_o great_a importunity_n beg_v of_o the_o faithful_a as_o they_o go_v in_o to_o pray_v for_o they_o the_o second_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hearer_n who_o be_v admit_v to_o hear_v the_o holy_a scripture_n read_v and_o expound_v to_o the_o people_n their_o station_n be_v at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o narthex_n or_o first_o part_n of_o the_o church_n and_o be_v to_o depart_v the_o congregation_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o catechuman_n the_o three_o class_n of_o penitent_n be_v that_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o prostrate_a because_o service_n be_v end_v h._n they_o fall_v down_o before_o the_o bishop_n 727._o who_o together_o with_o the_o congregation_n fall_v down_o and_o make_v confession_n in_o their_o behalf_n after_o raise_v they_o up_o and_o lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o they_o these_o stand_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n next_o the_o pulpit_n or_o reading-pew_a and_o be_v to_o depart_v together_o with_o the_o catechuman_n the_o four_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o consistentes_fw-la such_o as_o stay_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o congregation_n and_o do_v not_o depart_v with_o the_o catechuman_n but_o after_o they_o and_o the_o other_o penitent_n be_v go_v out_o stay_v and_o join_v in_o prayer_n and_o sing_v but_o not_o in_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n with_o the_o faithful_a these_o after_o some_o time_n be_v advance_v into_o the_o five_o and_o last_o order_n of_o the_o communicantes_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d s._n gregory_n call_v it_o and_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o penitent_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n person_n have_v full_o pass_v through_o the_o state_n of_o the_o catechumenate_n become_v then_o immediate_a candidate_n of_o baptism_n present_v their_o name_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o humble_o prostrate_v themselves_o beg_v that_o they_o may_v be_v enter_v into_o the_o church_n these_o be_v call_v competentes_fw-la because_o they_o do_v competere_fw-la gratiam_fw-la christi_fw-la sue_v for_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n confer_v in_o baptism_n the_o last_o rank_n be_v that_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o faithful_a who_o have_v be_v baptize_v and_o confirm_v and_o have_v approve_v themselves_o by_o the_o long_a train_n and_o course_n of_o a_o strict_a pious_a life_n be_v then_o admit_v to_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n which_o be_v the_o high_a and_o most_o venerable_a mystery_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v not_o then_o rash_o give_v to_o any_o but_o to_o such_o only_a as_o have_v run_v through_o all_o other_o degree_n and_o by_o a_o course_n of_o piety_n evidence_v themselves_o to_o be_v such_o real_a and_o faithful_a christian_n as_o that_o the_o high_a mystery_n and_o most_o solemn_a part_n of_o religion_n may_v be_v commit_v to_o they_o this_o be_v the_o high_a order_n and_o look_v upon_o with_o great_a regard_n and_o for_o any_o of_o this_o rank_n to_o lapse_v and_o be_v overtake_v with_o a_o fault_n cost_v they_o severe_a penance_n than_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o inferior_a form_n of_o christian_n this_o in_o short_a be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a any_o body_n or_o community_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v regular_o manage_v without_o some_o particular_a person_n to_o superintend_v direct_v and_o govern_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o whole_a society_n therefore_o we_o be_v next_o to_o inquire_v what_o person_n there_o be_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n that_o be_v peculiar_o set_v apart_o to_o steer_v its_o affair_n and_o to_o attend_v upon_o the_o public_a office_n and_o ministration_n of_o it_o that_o god_n always_o have_v a_o peculiar_a people_n who_o he_o select_v for_o himself_o out_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n be_v too_o evident_a to_o need_v any_o proof_n such_o be_v the_o patriarch_n and_o the_o holy_a seed_n of_o old_a such_o the_o jew_n choose_v by_o he_o above_o all_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n this_o be_v his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d
his_o particular_a lot_n and_o portion_n comprehend_v the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n in_o general_n but_o afterward_o this_o title_n be_v confine_v to_o narrow_a bound_n and_o become_v appropriate_a to_o that_o tribe_n which_o god_n have_v make_v choice_n of_o to_o stand_v before_o he_o to_o wait_v at_o his_o altar_n and_o to_o minister_v in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o worship_n and_o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o their_o oeconomy_n be_v according_o use_v to_o denote_v the_o ministry_n of_o the_o gospel_n the_o person_n peculiar_o consecrate_v and_o devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n the_o clergy_n be_v those_o qui_fw-la divino_fw-la cultui_fw-la ministeria_fw-la religionis_fw-la impendunt_fw-la as_o they_o be_v define_v in_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n who_o be_v set_v apart_o for_o the_o ministery_n of_o religion_n 2._o in_o matter_n relate_v to_o the_o divine_a worship_n now_o the_o whole_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v often_o call_v in_o the_o apostle_n canon_n the_o roll_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n take_v it_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o its_o first_o four_o hundred_o year_n consist_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o person_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v peculiar_o consecrate_v to_o the_o more_o proper_a and_o immediate_a act_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o be_v set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o more_o mean_a and_o common_a service_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v these_o three_o bishop_n presbyter_n and_o deacon_n the_o first_o and_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o church_n be_v the_o precedent_n or_o bishop_n usual_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o presbyter_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o concern_v myself_o in_o the_o dispute_v whether_o episcopacy_n as_o a_o superior_a order_n to_o presbytery_n be_v of_o divine_a institution_n a_o controversy_n sufficient_o ventilate_v in_o the_o late_a time_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o my_o purpose_n what_o be_v acknowledge_v both_o by_o blondel_n and_o salmasius_n the_o most_o learned_a defender_n of_o presbytery_n that_o bishop_n be_v distinct_a from_o and_o superior_a to_o presbyter_n in_o the_o second_o century_n or_o the_o next_o age_n to_o the_o apostle_n the_o main_a work_n and_o office_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v the_o people_n to_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n to_o absolve_v penitent_n to_o eject_v and_o excommunicate_v obstinate_a and_o incorrigible_a offender_n to_o preside_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o ordain_v inferior_a officer_n in_o the_o church_n to_o call_v they_o to_o account_n and_o to_o suspend_v or_o deal_v with_o they_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n to_o urge_v the_o observance_n of_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o to_o appoint_v and_o institute_v such_o indifferent_a rite_n as_o be_v for_o the_o decent_a and_o orderly_a administration_n of_o his_o church_n in_o short_a according_a to_o the_o notation_n of_o his_o name_n he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o watchman_n and_o sentinal_n and_o therefore_o oblige_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d diligent_o and_o careful_o to_o inspect_v and_o observe_v to_o superintend_v and_o provide_v for_o those_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n this_o zonaras_n tell_v we_o be_v imply_v in_o the_o bishop_n throne_n 58._o be_v place_v on_o high_a in_o the_o most_o eminent_a part_n of_o the_o church_n to_o denote_v how_o much_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n from_o thence_o to_o overlook_v and_o very_o diligent_o to_o observe_v the_o people_n that_o be_v under_o he_o these_o and_o many_o more_o be_v the_o unquestionable_a right_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o episcopal_a office_n which_o because_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a and_o troublesome_a for_o one_o man_n to_o discharge_v especial_o where_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o diocese_n as_o we_o now_o call_v it_o be_v any_o thing_n large_a therefore_o upon_o the_o multiply_a of_o country_n church_n it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o take_v in_o a_o subordinate_a sort_n of_o bishop_n call_v chorepiscopi_fw-la country_n or_o as_o among_o we_o they_o have_v be_v call_v suffragan_a bishop_n who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o superintend_v and_o inspect_v the_o church_n in_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o city_n where_o the_o episcopal_n see_v be_v and_o which_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o always_o inspect_v and_o oversee_v in_o his_o own_o person_n these_o be_v the_o vicarii_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o isidores_n version_n of_o the_o thirteen_o canon_n both_o of_o the_o ancyran_n and_o neocaesarean_a council_n the_o bishop_n deputy_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o fit_a and_o grave_a person_n in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o last_o mention_v council_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v choose_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o seventy_o not_o the_o seventy_o elder_n which_o moses_n take_v in_o to_o bear_v part_n of_o the_o government_n as_o some_o have_v gloss_v the_o word_n of_o that_o canon_n but_o of_o the_o seventy_o disciple_n who_o our_o lord_n make_v choice_n of_o to_o send_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n as_o both_o zonaras_n and_o balsamon_n understand_v it_o and_o thereupon_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a care_n and_o pain_n be_v command_v to_o be_v esteem_v very_o honourable_a their_o authority_n be_v much_o great_a than_o that_o of_o presbyter_n and_o yet_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o bishop_n 10._o bishop_n real_o they_o be_v though_o their_o power_n confine_v within_o narrow_a limit_n they_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o ordain_v either_o presbyter_n or_o deacon_n unless_o peculiar_o license_v to_o it_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n though_o they_o may_v ordain_v subdeacon_n reader_n and_o any_o inferior_a officer_n under_o they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n may_v be_v present_a at_o synod_n and_o council_n to_o many_o whereof_o we_o find_v their_o subscription_n and_o have_v power_n to_o give_v letter_n of_o peace_n i._n e._n such_o letter_n 8._o whereby_o the_o bishop_n of_o one_o diocese_n be_v wont_a to_o recommend_v any_o of_o his_o clergy_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o another_o that_o so_o a_o fair_a understanding_n and_o correspondence_n may_v be_v maintain_v between_o they_o a_o privilege_n express_o deny_v to_o any_o presbyter_n whatsoever_o but_o lest_o this_o wander_a employment_n of_o the_o chorepiscopi_fw-la shall_v reflect_v any_o dishonour_n upon_o the_o episcopal_a office_n there_o be_v certain_a presbyter_n appoint_v in_o their_o room_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 57_o or_o visiter_n often_o mention_v in_o the_o ancient_a canon_n and_o act_n of_o council_n who_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o certain_a place_n be_v to_o go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n to_o observe_v and_o correct_v what_o be_v amiss_o and_o these_o doubtless_o be_v those_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d speak_v of_o in_o the_o thirteen_o canon_n of_o the_o neocaesarean_a council_n those_o rural_a presbyter_n who_o be_v there_o forbid_v to_o consecrate_v the_o eucharist_n in_o the_o city_n church_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o presbyter_n of_o the_o city_n as_o christianity_n increase_v and_o overspread_v all_o part_n and_o especial_o the_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v find_v necessary_a yet_o far_o to_o enlarge_v the_o episcopal_a office_n and_o as_o there_o be_v common_o a_o bishop_n in_o every_o great_a city_n so_o in_o the_o metropolis_n as_o the_o roman_n call_v it_o the_o mother_n city_n of_o every_o province_n wherein_o they_o have_v court_n of_o civil_a judicature_n there_o be_v a_o archbishop_n or_o a_o metropolitan_a who_o have_v ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o the_o church_n within_o that_o province_n he_o be_v superior_a to_o all_o the_o bishop_n within_o those_o limit_n to_o he_o it_o belong_v either_o to_o ordain_v or_o to_o ratify_v the_o election_n and_o ordination_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n within_o his_o province_n insomuch_o that_o without_o his_o confirmation_n they_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o null_n and_o void_a once_o at_o least_o every_o year_n he_o be_v to_o summon_v the_o bishop_n under_o he_o to_o a_o synod_n to_o inquire_v into_o and_o direct_v the_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n within_o that_o province_n to_o inspect_v the_o life_n and_o manner_n the_o opinion_n and_o principle_n of_o his_o bishop_n to_o admonish_v reprove_v and_o suspend_v they_o that_o be_v disorderly_a and_o irregular_a if_o any_o controversy_n or_o contention_n happen_v between_o any_o of_o they_o he_o be_v to_o have_v the_o hear_n and_o determination_n of_o they_o and_o indeed_o no_o matter_n of_o moment_n be_v do_v within_o the_o whole_a province_n without_o first_o consult_v he_o in_o the_o case_n beside_o this_o metropolitan_a there_o be_v many_o time_n another_o in_o the_o same_o
observe_v the_o apostolic_a canon_n not_o to_o choose_v a_o novice_n but_o of_o a_o age_n competent_a to_o that_o office_n that_o he_o be_v choose_v to_o though_o it_o vary_v according_a to_o time_n and_o person_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o church_n for_o that_o of_o bishop_n i_o find_v not_o any_o certain_a age_n positive_o set_v down_o photius_n in_o his_o nomo-canon_n speak_v of_o a_o imperial_a constitution_n that_o require_v a_o bishop_n not_o to_o be_v under_o thirty_o five_o 20._o but_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n allow_v not_o a_o man_n to_o be_v make_v a_o bishop_n under_o fifty_o year_n of_o age_n 824._o as_o have_v then_o pass_v all_o juvenile_a petulancy_n and_o disorder_n it_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v not_o general_o some_o extraordinary_a instance_n alter_v not_o the_o case_n promote_v to_o that_o office_n till_o they_o be_v of_o a_o considerable_a age_n and_o thence_o frequent_o style_v majores_fw-la natu_fw-la in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o church_n presbyter_n be_v common_o make_v at_o thirty_o yea_o the_o council_n of_o neocaesarea_n decree_v 11._o that_o no_o man_n though_o otherwise_o of_o never_o so_o unquestionable_a a_o conversation_n shall_v be_v ordain_v presbyter_n before_o that_o age_n the_o reason_n whereof_o they_o give_v because_o christ_n himself_o be_v not_o baptize_v nor_o begin_v to_o preach_v till_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o age_n 17._o the_o council_n of_o agde_a require_v the_o same_o age_n but_o assign_v another_o reason_n not_o before_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n because_o then_o say_v they_o he_o come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o a_o perfect_a man_n deacon_n be_v make_v at_o twenty_o five_o and_o the_o like_a distance_n and_o proportion_n observe_v for_o the_o inferior_a officer_n under_o they_o i_o take_v no_o notice_n in_o this_o place_n of_o monk_n hermit_n etc._n etc._n partly_o because_o although_o they_o be_v under_o a_o kind_n of_o ecclesiastical_a relation_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o more_o than_o ordinary_o strict_a and_o severe_a profession_n of_o religion_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o usual_o in_o holy_a order_n and_o partly_o because_o monachism_n be_v of_o no_o very_o early_o stand_v in_o the_o church_n begin_n probable_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a persecution_n and_o even_o then_o too_o monk_n be_v quite_o another_o thing_n both_o in_o profession_n habit_n and_o way_n of_o life_n from_o what_o they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n as_o will_v abundant_o appear_v to_o he_o that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o compare_v the_o account_n which_o s._n hierom_n augustine_n palladius_n cassian_n and_o other_o give_v of_o those_o primitive_a monk_n with_o the_o several_a order_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n at_o this_o day_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o out_o of_o the_o monk_n person_n be_v usual_o make_v choice_n of_o to_o be_v advance_v into_o the_o clergy_n as_o be_v evident_a not_o only_o from_o multitude_n of_o instance_n in_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o four_o and_o follow_v century_n but_o from_o a_o express_a law_n of_o the_o emperor_n arcadius_n to_o that_o purpose_n 2._o the_o strictness_n of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o purity_n of_o their_o manner_n more_o immediate_o qualify_a they_o for_o those_o holy_a office_n insomuch_o that_o many_o time_n they_o be_v advance_v unto_o the_o episcopal_a chair_n without_o go_v through_o the_o usual_a intermediate_v order_n of_o the_o church_n several_a instance_n whereof_o serapion_n apollonius_n agatho_n aristo_n and_o some_o other_o athanasius_n reckon_v up_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o dracontius_n 738._o who_o be_v a_o monk_n refuse_v a_o bishopric_n to_o which_o he_o be_v choose_v but_o because_o we_o meet_v in_o the_o ancient_a write_n of_o the_o church_n with_o very_o frequent_a mention_n of_o person_n of_o another_o sex_n deaconess_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o many_o office_n of_o religion_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o in_o this_o place_n to_o give_v some_o short_a account_n of_o they_o their_o original_n be_v very_o early_o and_o of_o equal_a stand_n with_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o church_n such_o be_v phebe_n in_o the_o church_n of_o cenchris_n mention_v by_o s._n paul_n such_o be_v those_o two_o servant-maid_n speak_v of_o by_o pliny_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o he_o examine_v upon_o the_o rack_n such_o be_v the_o famous_a olympias_n in_o the_o church_n of_o constantinople_n not_o to_o mention_v any_o more_o particular_a instance_n they_o be_v either_o widow_n and_o then_o not_o to_o be_v take_v into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n under_o threescore_o year_n of_o age_n according_a to_o s._n paul_n direction_n or_o else_o virgin_n who_o have_v be_v educate_v in_o order_n to_o it_o and_o give_v testimony_n of_o a_o chaste_a and_o sober_a conversation_n be_v set_v apart_o at_o forty_o what_o the_o proper_a place_n and_o ministry_n of_o these_o deaconess_n be_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n 71._o though_o matthew_n blastares_n seem_v to_o render_v a_o little_a doubtful_a yet_o certain_o it_o principal_o consist_v in_o such_o office_n as_o these_o 447._o to_o attend_v upon_o the_o woman_n at_o time_n of_o public_a worship_n especial_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o baptism_n that_o when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v divest_v in_o order_n to_o their_o immersion_n they_o may_v overshadow_v they_o so_o as_o nothing_o of_o indecency_n and_o uncomeliness_n may_v appear_v sometime_o they_o be_v employ_v in_o instruct_v the_o more_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a sort_n of_o woman_n 12._o in_o the_o plain_a and_o easy_a principle_n of_o christianity_n and_o in_o prepare_v they_o for_o baptism_n otherwhiles_o in_o visit_v and_o attend_v upon_o woman_n that_o be_v sick_a in_o convey_v message_n counsel_n consolation_n relief_n especial_o in_o time_n of_o persecution_n when_o it_o be_v dangerous_a for_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o martyr_n and_o they_o that_o be_v in_o prison_n and_o of_o these_o woman_n no_o doubt_n it_o be_v that_o libanius_n speak_v of_o among_o the_o christian_n 56._o who_o be_v so_o very_o ready_a to_o be_v employ_v in_o these_o office_n of_o humanity_n but_o to_o return_v person_n be_v thus_o set_v apart_o for_o holy_a office_n the_o christian_n of_o those_o day_n discover_v no_o less_o piety_n in_o that_o mighty_a respect_n and_o reverence_n which_o they_o pay_v to_o they_o that_o the_o minister_n of_o religion_n shall_v be_v peculiar_o honour_v and_o regard_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v account_v a_o piece_n of_o natural_a justice_n by_o the_o common_a sentiment_n of_o mankind_n the_o most_o barbarous_a and_o unpolished_a nation_n that_o ever_o have_v a_o value_n for_o any_o thing_n of_o religion_n have_v always_o have_v a_o proportionable_a regard_n to_o they_o to_o who_o the_o care_n and_o administration_n of_o it_o do_v belong_v julian_n the_o emperor_n express_o plead_v for_o it_o as_o the_o most_o reasonable_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n 542._o that_o priest_n shall_v be_v honour_v yea_o in_o some_o respect_n above_o civil_a magistrate_n as_o be_v the_o immediate_a attendant_n and_o domestic_a servant_n of_o god_n our_o intercessor_n with_o heaven_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o derive_v down_o great_a blessing_n from_o god_n upon_o we_o but_o never_o be_v this_o clearly_o demonstrate_v than_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n who_o carry_v themselves_o towards_o their_o bishop_n and_o minister_n with_o all_o that_o kindness_n and_o veneration_n which_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o express_v towards_o they_o s._n paul_n bear_v record_n to_o the_o galatian_n 15._o that_o he_o be_v account_v so_o dear_a to_o they_o that_o if_o the_o pluck_n out_o their_o eye_n will_v have_v do_v he_o any_o good_a they_o be_v ready_a to_o have_v do_v it_o for_o his_o sake_n and_o s._n clement_n testify_v of_o the_o corinthian_n 2._o that_o they_o walk_v in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v subject_a to_o they_o that_o have_v the_o rule_n over_o they_o yield_v also_o due_a honour_n to_o the_o senior_n or_o elder_n person_n that_o be_v among_o they_o that_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o this_o place_n he_o shall_v mean_v civil_a magistrate_n as_o some_o have_v tell_v we_o i_o can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v both_o because_o it_o be_v the_o same_o word_n that_o be_v use_v by_o the_o author_n to_o the_o hebrew_n obey_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o that_o have_v the_o rule_n over_o you_o clem._n and_o submit_v yourselves_o and_o indeed_o both_o eusebius_n and_o s._n hierom_n of_o old_a observe_v such_o a_o mighty_a affinity_n in_o the_o phrase_n between_o this_o and_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o hebrew_n as_o certain_o to_o conclude_v s._n clemens_n to_o have_v be_v if_o not_o the_o author_n at_o least_o the_o translator_n of_o that_o epistle_n and_o also_o because_o the_o sole_a occasion_n of_o s._n clement_n writing_n this_o epistle_n be_v a_o mutiny_n which_o they_o have_v
e._n under_o instruction_n in_o order_n to_o their_o baptism_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n under_o the_o censure_n and_o suspension_n of_o the_o church_n and_o not_o yet_o pass_v through_o the_o several_a stage_n of_o the_o penitent_n may_v not_o communicate_v and_o be_v therefore_o command_v to_o depart_v the_o church_n when_o the_o rest_n go_v to_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n for_o look_v upon_o the_o lord_n supper_n as_o the_o high_a and_o most_o solemn_a act_n of_o religion_n they_o think_v they_o can_v never_o take_v care_n enough_o in_o the_o dispense_n of_o it_o according_o who_o ever_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o any_o scandalous_a fault_n be_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n debar_v the_o communion_n a_o short_a or_o a_o long_a time_n and_o sometime_o all_o their_o life_n not_o to_o be_v reconcile_v and_o take_v into_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n till_o they_o have_v continue_v their_o repentance_n to_o their_o deathbed_n as_o for_o those_o person_n that_o can_v not_o be_v present_a either_o through_o distance_n of_o place_n sickness_n or_o any_o other_o just_a cause_n the_o eucharist_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v send_v home_o to_o they_o some_o little_a piece_n of_o the_o consecrate_a bread_n dip_v in_o the_o sacramental_a cup_n which_o be_v usual_o carry_v by_o the_o deacon_n or_o some_o inferior_a officer_n of_o the_o church_n or_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n by_o any_o other_o person_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o serapion_n of_o who_o dionysius_n of_o alexandria_n relate_v 246._o that_o have_v be_v all_o his_o life_n a_o good_a man_n at_o last_o lapse_v in_o a_o time_n of_o persecution_n and_o though_o he_o oft_o desire_a reconciliation_n yet_o none_o will_v communicate_v with_o he_o not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v seize_v upon_o by_o a_o mortal_a sickness_n deprive_v of_o the_o use_n of_o his_o speech_n and_o sense_n but_o come_v to_o himself_o after_o four_o day_n he_o send_v his_o nephew_n a_o little_a boy_n late_o at_o night_n for_o one_o of_o the_o presbyter_n to_o come_v to_o he_o the_o minister_n be_v at_o that_o time_n sick_a but_o consider_v the_o exigence_n of_o the_o case_n gives_z the_o boy_z a_o little_a piece_n of_o the_o eucharist_n bid_v he_o to_o moisten_v it_o with_o a_o little_a water_n and_o so_o give_v it_o he_o in_o his_o mouth_n which_o he_o do_v and_o immediate_o the_o old_a man_n cheerful_o depart_v this_o life_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o those_o who_o have_v lapse_v into_o idolatry_n be_v to_o undergo_v a_o very_a long_a time_n of_o penance_n and_o be_v not_o many_o time_n admit_v to_o the_o communion_n till_o they_o be_v near_o their_o death_n and_o because_o it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v overtake_v with_o sudden_a death_n before_o the_o sacrament_n can_v be_v administer_v to_o they_o thence_o a_o custom_n spring_v up_o to_o give_v it_o they_o after_o they_o be_v dead_a which_o they_o do_v doubtless_o upon_o this_o ground_n that_o they_o may_v give_v some_o kind_n of_o evidence_n that_o those_o person_n die_v in_o the_o peace_n and_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n 6_o though_o this_o usage_n be_v afterward_o by_o many_o council_n abrogate_a and_o lay_v aside_o 83._o i_o take_v no_o notice_n in_o this_o place_n of_o their_o give_v the_o eucharist_n to_o new-baptized_n infant_n the_o case_n be_v so_o common_o know_v and_o obvious_a in_o those_o early_a time_n nothing_o be_v more_o common_a than_o for_o christian_n either_o to_o carry_v or_o to_o have_v send_v to_o they_o some_o part_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o they_o keep_v in_o some_o decent_a place_n in_o their_o house_n against_o all_o emergent_a occasion_n especial_o to_o fortify_v and_o strengthen_v their_o faith_n in_o time_n of_o persecution_n and_o to_o increase_v kindness_n and_o amity_n with_o one_o another_o 6._o whence_o one_o that_o be_v well_o verse_v in_o church-antiquity_n conjecture_n that_o when_o ever_o they_o entertain_v friend_n or_o stranger_n they_o use_v before_o every_o meal_n first_o to_o give_v they_o some_o part_n of_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n as_o be_v the_o great_a badge_n the_o strong_a band_n of_o true_a love_n and_o friendship_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o these_o parcel_n of_o the_o sacramental_a element_n there_o be_v wont_n at_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o communion_n to_o be_v piece_n of_o bread_n which_o remain_v of_o the_o offering_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v solemn_o bless_v by_o the_o bishop_n may_v be_v give_v to_o those_o who_o have_v no_o right_a to_o be_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n as_o to_o the_o catechuman_n and_o such_o like_a and_o be_v to_o they_o instead_o of_o the_o sacrament_n these_o piece_n be_v proper_o call_v eulogiae_fw-la because_o set_v apart_o by_o solemn_a benediction_n and_o be_v send_v up_o and_o down_o the_o town_n and_o village_n round_o about_o to_o testify_v and_o represent_v their_o mutual_a union_n and_o fellowship_n with_o one_o another_o nay_o and_o sometime_o from_o church_n in_o one_o country_n to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o another_o which_o be_v also_o do_v by_o the_o eucharist_n itself_o for_o so_o irenaeus_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o pope_n victor_n tell_v we_o 193._o that_o the_o minister_n of_o church_n though_o differ_v in_o some_o little_a circumstance_n do_v yet_o use_v to_o send_v the_o eucharist_n to_o one_o another_o which_o custom_n be_v also_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o zonaras_n but_o because_o the_o carry_v the_o sacramental_a element_n up_o and_o down_o the_o world_n be_v think_v not_o so_o well_o to_o consist_v with_o the_o reverence_n and_o veneration_n that_o be_v due_a to_o this_o solemn_a ordinance_n therefore_o it_o be_v abolish_v by_o the_o laodicean_n synod_n 〈◊〉_d and_o these_o eulogiae_fw-la or_o piece_n of_o bread_n appoint_v at_o easter_n to_o be_v send_v up_o and_o down_o in_o their_o room_n for_o the_o time_n the_o next_o circumstance_n when_o they_o meet_v together_o for_o this_o solemn_a action_n it_o be_v in_o general_a at_o their_o public_a assembly_n on_o the_o lord_n day_n always_o or_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o apostle_n act_n beside_o other_o day_n and_o especial_o saturday_n on_o which_o day_n all_o the_o church_n in_o the_o world_n those_o of_o rome_n only_o and_o alexandria_n except_v use_v to_o celebrate_v this_o sacrament_n 286._o as_o the_o historian_n inform_v we_o what_o time_n of_o the_o day_n they_o take_v to_o do_v it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o certain_a our_o bless_a saviour_n and_o his_o apostle_n celebrate_v it_o at_o night_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o jewish_a passover_n but_o whether_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o immediate_a successor_n punctual_o observe_v this_o circumstance_n may_v be_v doubt_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n which_o s._n paul_n speak_v of_o in_o the_o church_n of_o corinth_n be_v solemnize_v in_o the_o morning_n loc._n the_o apostle_n call_v it_o a_o supper_n as_o chrysostom_n think_v not_o because_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o evening_n but_o the_o more_o effectual_o to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o time_n when_o our_o lord_n do_v institute_v those_o holy_a mystery_n 102._o tertullian_n assure_v we_o in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v do_v in_o tempore_fw-la victus_fw-la about_o suppertime_n as_o all_o understand_v he_o and_o very_o often_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o day_n when_o they_o hold_v their_o religious_a assembly_n of_o which_o pliny_n also_o take_v notice_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n 10._o for_o in_o those_o time_n of_o persecution_n 97._o when_o they_o be_v hunt_v out_o by_o the_o inquisitive_a malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o be_v glad_a of_o the_o remote_a corner_n the_o most_o unseasonable_a hour_n when_o they_o can_v meet_v to_o perform_v the_o joint_a office_n of_o religion_n but_o this_o communicate_v at_o evening_n or_o at_o night_n either_o last_v only_o during_o the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o persecution_n or_o at_o least_o wear_v off_o apace_o for_o cyprian_a express_o plead_v against_o it_o caecil_n affirm_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o morning_n 104._o and_o so_o indeed_o in_o a_o short_a time_n it_o prevail_v over_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n except_o in_o some_o place_n of_o egypt_n near_o alexandria_n 287._o of_o which_o socrates_n tell_v we_o that_o after_o they_o have_v sufficient_o feast_v themselves_o in_o the_o evening_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n under_o this_o circumstance_n of_o time_n we_o may_v take_v occasion_n to_o consider_v how_o oft_o in_o those_o day_n they_o usual_o meet_v at_o this_o table_n and_o at_o first_o while_o the_o spirit_n of_o christianity_n be_v yet_o warm_a and_o vigorous_a and_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n passionate_o inflame_v with_o the_o
thaddaeus_n one_o of_o the_o seventy_o disciple_n great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o the_o pain_n he_o have_v take_v and_o the_o great_a thing_n he_o have_v do_v among_o they_o he_o refuse_v they_o with_o this_o answer_n to_o what_o purpose_n shall_v we_o receive_v good_a thing_n from_o other_o who_o have_v free_o forsake_v and_o renounce_v our_o own_o as_o indeed_o in_o those_o time_n friend_n and_o relation_n house_n and_o land_n be_v cheerful_o part_v with_o when_o they_o stand_v in_o competition_n with_o christ_n they_o can_v content_v themselves_o with_o the_o most_o naked_a poverty_n so_o it_o may_v but_o consist_v with_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o gospel_n when_o quintianus_n the_o precedent_n under_o decius_n the_o emperor_n ask_v agatha_n the_o virgin-martyr_n metaph._n why_o be_v descend_v of_o such_o rich_a and_o illustrious_a parent_n she_o will_v stoop_v to_o such_o low_a and_o mean_a office_n as_o she_o take_v upon_o she_o she_o present_o answer_v he_o our_o glory_n and_o nobility_n lie_v in_o this_o that_o we_o be_v the_o servant_n of_o christ_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v the_o answer_n of_o quintinus_n the_o martyr_n under_o the_o dioâ—lesian_n persecution_n when_o the_o precedent_n ask_v he_o how_o it_o come_v about_o 5._o that_o he_o be_v a_o roman_a citizen_n and_o the_o son_n of_o a_o senator_n will_v truckle_n under_o such_o a_o superstition_n and_o worship_v he_o for_o a_o god_n who_o the_o jew_n have_v crucify_a the_o martyr_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v the_o high_a honour_n and_o nobility_n to_o know_v and_o serve_v god_n that_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o he_o call_v superstition_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v traduce_v with_o so_o base_a a_o name_n see_v it_o immediate_o guide_v its_o follower_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o happiness_n for_o herein_o in_o it_o be_v that_o the_o omnipotent_a god_n be_v reveal_v the_o great_a creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o his_o son_n jesus_n christ_n our_o lord_n by_o who_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v and_o who_o be_v in_o all_o thing_n equal_a to_o his_o father_n the_o simplicity_n of_o christian_n than_o keep_v they_o from_o aspire_v after_o honour_n and_o greatness_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n advance_v to_o it_o their_o great_a care_n be_v to_o keep_v themselves_o unspotted_a from_o the_o world_n laud._n as_o nazianzen_n report_v of_o his_o brother_n caesarius_n 166._o chief_a physician_n to_o the_o emperor_n constantius_n that_o though_o he_o be_v very_o dear_a to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v to_o the_o whole_a court_n and_o advance_v by_o he_o every_o day_n to_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n yet_o this_o say_v he_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o that_o he_o suffer_v not_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o soul_n to_o be_v corrupt_v by_o that_o glory_n and_o those_o delight_n that_o be_v round_o about_o he_o but_o account_v this_o his_o chief_a honour_n that_o he_o be_v a_o christian_a in_o comparison_n of_o which_o all_o thing_n else_o be_v to_o he_o but_o as_o a_o sport_n and_o pageantry_n he_o look_v upon_o other_o thing_n but_o as_o comic_a scene_n soon_o up_o and_o as_o soon_o over_o but_o upon_o piety_n as_o the_o most_o safe_a and_o permanent_a good_a and_o which_o we_o can_v proper_o call_v our_o own_o regard_v that_o piety_n especial_o which_o be_v most_o inward_a and_o unseen_a to_o the_o world_n the_o like_a he_o relate_v of_o his_o sister_n gorgonia_n laud._n as_o the_o perfection_n of_o her_o excellent_a temper_n 183._o that_o she_o do_v not_o more_o seem_v to_o be_v good_a than_o she_o do_v real_o strive_v to_o be_v so_o peculiarly_a conversant_a in_o those_o secret_a act_n of_o piety_n which_o be_v visible_a only_o to_o he_o who_o see_v what_o be_v hide_v and_o secret_a to_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o world_n she_o leave_v nothing_o transfer_v all_o into_o those_o safe_a and_o celestial_a treasury_n that_o be_v above_o she_o leave_v nothing_o to_o the_o earth_n but_o her_o body_n change_v all_o thing_n for_o the_o hope_n of_o a_o better_a life_n bequeath_v no_o other_o riches_n to_o her_o child_n but_o a_o excellent_a pattern_n and_o a_o desire_n to_o follow_v her_o example_n the_o truth_n be_v as_o to_o estate_n they_o be_v not_o concern_v for_o more_o than_o what_o will_v supply_v the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o want_v of_o other_o not_o solicitous_a to_o get_v or_o possess_v such_o revenue_n as_o may_v make_v they_o the_o object_n either_o of_o man_n envy_n or_o their_o fear_n as_o may_v appear_v among_o other_o by_o this_o instance_n domiâ—ian_n the_o emperor_n be_v inform_v that_o there_o be_v yet_o remain_v some_o of_o christ_n kindred_n according_a to_o the_o flesh_n the_o nephew_n of_o judas_n the_o brother_n of_o our_o lord_n 89._o of_o the_o race_n and_o posterity_n of_o david_n which_o the_o emperor_n seek_v utter_o to_o extirpate_v he_o send_v for_o they_o inquire_v of_o they_o whether_o they_o be_v of_o the_o line_n of_o david_n they_o answer_v they_o be_v he_o ask_v what_o possession_n and_o estate_n they_o have_v they_o tell_v he_o they_o have_v between_o they_o thirty_o nine_o acre_n of_o land_n to_o the_o value_n of_o about_o nine_o thousand_o penny_n out_o of_o the_o fruit_n whereof_o they_o both_o pay_v he_o tribute_n and_o maintain_v themselves_o with_o their_o own_o hard_a labour_n whereto_o the_o hardness_n and_o callousness_n of_o their_o hand_n which_o they_o then_o show_v he_o bear_v witness_v he_o than_o ask_v they_o concern_v christ_n and_o the_o state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o which_o they_o answer_v that_o his_o empire_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n but_o heavenly_a and_o angelical_a and_o which_o shall_v final_o take_v place_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n when_o he_o shall_v come_v with_o glory_n to_o judge_v both_o the_o quick_a and_o the_o dead_a and_o to_o reward_v man_n according_a to_o their_o work_n which_o when_o he_o hear_v despise_v the_o man_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o meanness_n he_o let_v they_o go_v without_o any_o severity_n against_o they_o 205._o of_o origen_n we_o read_v that_o he_o be_v so_o great_a a_o despiser_n of_o the_o world_n that_o when_o he_o may_v have_v live_v upon_o the_o maintenance_n of_o other_o he_o will_v not_o but_o part_v with_o his_o library_n of_o book_n to_o one_o that_o be_v to_o allow_v he_o only_o four_o oboli_fw-la a_o day_n the_o day_n he_o spend_v in_o laborious_a task_n and_o exercise_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o night_n in_o study_n he_o always_o remember_v that_o precept_n of_o our_o saviour_n not_o to_o have_v two_o coat_n not_o to_o wear_v shoe_n not_o anxious_o to_o take_v care_n for_o to_o morrow_n nor_o will_v he_o accept_v the_o kindness_n of_o other_o when_o they_o will_v free_o have_v give_v he_o some_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o live_v on_o not_o that_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n think_v it_o unlawful_a to_o possess_v estate_n or_o to_o use_v the_o blessing_n of_o divine_a providence_n for_o though_o in_o those_o time_n of_o persecution_n they_o be_v often_o force_v to_o quit_v their_o estate_n and_o habitation_n yet_o do_v they_o preserve_v their_o propriety_n entire_a and_o industrious_o mind_v the_o necessary_a conveniency_n of_o this_o life_n so_o far_o as_o be_v consistent_a with_o their_o care_n of_o a_o better_a there_o be_v indeed_o a_o sort_n of_o christian_n call_v apostolici_fw-la who_o in_o a_o fond_a imitation_n of_o the_o apostle_n leave_v all_o they_o have_v and_o give_v up_o themselves_o to_o a_o voluntary_a poverty_n hold_v it_o not_o lawful_a to_o possess_v any_o thing_n hence_o they_o be_v also_o call_v apotactici_n or_o renouncer_n because_o they_o quit_v and_o renounce_v whatsoever_o they_o have_v but_o they_o be_v ever_o account_v infamous_a heretic_n they_o be_v 220._o as_o epiphanius_n tell_v we_o the_o descendant_n of_o tatian_n part_n of_o the_o old_a cathari_n and_o encratitae_n together_o with_o who_o they_o be_v put_v in_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n 16._o and_o reckon_v among_o the_o vile_a of_o the_o manichaean_n heretic_n 7._o mention_v also_o by_o julian_n the_o apostate_n as_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o galilaean_n 417._o as_o he_o call_v the_o christian_n by_o he_o compare_v to_o the_o cynic_n philosopher_n among_o the_o heathen_n for_o the_o neglect_v of_o their_o country_n the_o abandon_v of_o their_o estate_n and_o good_n and_o their_o loose_a and_o ramble_a course_n of_o life_n only_o herein_o different_a that_o they_o do_v not_o as_o those_o galilaean_a apotactistae_n run_v up_o and_o down_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o poverty_n to_o beg_v alm_n the_o truth_n be_v by_o the_o account_n which_o both_o he_o and_o epiphanius_n give_v of_o they_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o very_a patriarch_n and_o primitive_a founder_n of_o those_o mendicant_a order_n
more_o particular_o consider_v in_o these_o three_o instance_n their_o sobriety_n in_o respect_n of_o garb_n and_o apparel_n their_o temperance_n in_o regard_n of_o food_n and_o diet_n and_o their_o continence_n or_o chastity_n for_o the_o first_o the_o care_n about_o our_o garb_n and_o dress_n it_o be_v one_o of_o those_o instance_n of_o sobriety_n which_o be_v to_o be_v conduct_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o religion_n and_o reason_n and_o which_o very_o much_o discover_v a_o virtuous_a or_o a_o vicious_a temper_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n as_o the_o son_n of_o syrach_n well_o observe_v that_o show_v a_o man_n what_o he_o be_v his_o attire_n excessive_a laughter_n and_o his_o gate_n there_o be_v not_o certain_o a_o more_o open_a evidence_n of_o a_o vain_a mind_n than_o a_o vain_a garb_n and_o habit_n st._n basil_n discourse_v what_o habit_n do_v best_a beseem_v a_o christian_n â—_o tell_v we_o in_o general_a that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v such_o as_o most_o lively_a express_v the_o meekness_n and_o humility_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o good_a man_n of_o old_a be_v so_o attire_v and_o that_o we_o be_v command_v have_v food_n and_o raiment_n to_o be_v therewith_o content_a not_o study_v variety_n and_o which_o most_o common_o follow_v it_o softness_n and_o elegancy_n which_o be_v but_o instrument_n to_o minister_v to_o excess_n and_o luxury_n introduce_v into_o humane_a life_n through_o the_o idle_a and_o unnecessary_a art_n of_o looseness_n and_o effeminacy_n 160._o it_o be_v not_o enough_o say_v tertullian_n that_o a_o christian_a be_v chaste_a and_o modest_a but_o he_o must_v appear_v to_o be_v so_o a_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o shall_v have_v so_o great_a a_o store_n and_o treasure_n that_o it_o shall_v flow_v from_o his_o mind_n upon_o his_o habit_n and_o break_v from_o the_o retirement_n of_o his_o conscience_n into_o the_o superficies_n of_o his_o life_n as_o he_o there_o express_v it_o more_o particular_o st._n basil_n tell_v we_o 567._o that_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o christian_a ought_v to_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o two_o great_a end_n of_o clothing_n institute_v by_o god_n viz._n honesty_n and_o necessity_n honesty_n to_o hide_v the_o less_o comely_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o to_o cover_v that_o shame_n which_o sin_n have_v bring_v upon_o mankind_n in_o paradise_n innocency_n be_v man_n only_a robe_n it_o be_v sin_n bring_v in_o the_o fig-leaved_a coat_n and_o what_o shall_v more_o induce_v we_o to_o be_v modest_a in_o our_o apparel_n than_o to_o remember_v that_o our_o clothes_n be_v monitor_n of_o our_o apostasy_n and_o that_o there_o be_v little_a reason_n we_o shall_v pride_n ourselves_o in_o that_o which_o be_v only_o a_o cover_n for_o our_o shame_n necessity_n and_o so_o clothes_n be_v design_v to_o keep_v the_o body_n in_o convenient_a warmth_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o from_o those_o injury_n and_o extremity_n of_o the_o air_n and_o wether_n which_o will_v otherwise_o soon_o rot_v down_o this_o house_n of_o clay_n now_o to_o both_o these_o end_n he_o tell_v we_o we_o ought_v to_o accommodate_v our_o garment_n 94._o not_o strive_v for_o variety_n have_v some_o for_o use_n at_o home_n other_o for_o ostentation_n when_o we_o go_v abroad_o but_o that_o whatever_o attain_v these_o end_n be_v enough_o but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o three_o use_n and_o end_n of_o clothes_n note_v by_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n â—45_n and_o that_o be_v for_o distinction_n not_o only_o of_o sex_n but_o of_o different_a rank_n and_o degree_n of_o man_n such_o as_o agree_v best_a to_o man_n age_n person_n shape_n nature_n or_o their_o several_a state_n and_o employment_n in_o these_o respect_n man_n may_v use_v different_a and_o distinguish_a habit_n nay_o he_o grant_v that_o in_o some_o case_n man_n may_v recede_v from_o the_o strict_a rule_n and_o discipline_n of_o this_o affair_n and_o that_o such_o woman_n as_o can_v otherwise_o gain_v upon_o their_o husband_n may_v if_o they_o require_v it_o go_v a_o little_a more_o trim_a and_o neat_a provide_v as_o he_o there_o limit_n it_o it_o be_v do_v only_o to_o please_v and_o gain_v upon_o their_o husband_n and_o that_o they_o do_v not_o practice_v any_o artifices_fw-la of_o unlawful_a beauty_n now_o that_o the_o ancient_a christian_n govern_v themselves_o by_o these_o rule_n in_o this_o affair_n be_v plain_a in_o that_o they_o avoid_v both_o singularity_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o excess_n on_o the_o other_o general_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o decent_a and_o orderly_a custom_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n where_o they_o live_v 496._o justin_n martyr_n give_v his_o friend_n a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n tell_v he_o that_o they_o differ_v not_o from_o other_o man_n either_o in_o their_o country_n or_o speech_n or_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a life_n they_o dwell_v in_o their_o own_o city_n use_v the_o same_o language_n with_o other_o man_n nor_o have_v they_o any_o singular_a and_o extraordinary_a way_n of_o life_n they_o be_v not_o in_o any_o thing_n affect_v or_o fantastic_a but_o inhabit_v partly_o among_o greek_n partly_o in_o barbarous_a city_n as_o every_o one_o lot_n be_v fall_v they_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n and_o both_o in_o clothes_n and_o diet_n and_o all_o other_o affair_n of_o outward_a life_n show_v the_o excellent_a and_o admirable_a constitution_n of_o their_o discipline_n and_o conversation_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a of_o what_o some_o learned_a man_n will_v have_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o in_o those_o time_n when_o any_o turn_v from_o paganism_n to_o christianity_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o change_v their_o habit_n to_o leave_v off_o the_o toga_fw-la or_o gown_n the_o common_a habit_n almost_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o to_o take_v up_o the_o pallium_fw-la or_o cloak_n and_o this_o they_o think_v sufficient_o countenance_v by_o the_o instance_n of_o tertullian_n who_o lay_v aside_o the_o gown_n and_o put_v on_o the_o cloak_n be_v accuse_v of_o lightness_n and_o inconstancy_n by_o the_o people_n of_o carthage_n and_o bitter_o persecute_v with_o the_o common_a sarcasm_n à _fw-la toga_fw-la ad_fw-la pallium_fw-la as_o one_o that_o have_v want_v only_o skip_v from_o the_o gown_n to_o the_o cloak_n i._n e._n from_o one_o profession_n to_o another_o insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o write_v a_o apology_n for_o himself_o which_o he_o do_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr pallio_fw-la where_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o satirical_a and_o sarcastic_a wit_n he_o retort_v upon_o they_o and_o vindicate_v himself_o from_o their_o charge_n and_o cavil_n but_o that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o change_n of_o habit_n at_o person_n first_o come_v over_o to_o christianity_n i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n to_o believe_v and_o for_o the_o case_n of_o tertullian_n it_o make_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n unless_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o he_o leave_v off_o the_o gown_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n upon_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o make_v out_o for_o i_o be_o clear_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o learned_a salmasius_n that_o he_o alter_v his_o habit_n and_o assume_v the_o cloak_n not_o when_o he_o first_o become_v christian_n pallio_fw-la but_o when_o he_o be_v make_v presbyter_n of_o the_o church_n of_o carthage_n 4._o whence_o it_o be_v call_v by_o he_o according_a to_o his_o dialect_n sacerdos_n habitus_fw-la for_o so_o it_o be_v in_o all_o ancient_a manuscript_n loc_n and_o in_o the_o first_o edition_n of_o b._n rhenanus_fw-la and_o not_o sacer_fw-la habitus_fw-la as_o late_a edition_n have_v it_o the_o priest_n habit_n because_o the_o christian_a priest_n usual_o wear_v it_o after_o their_o entrance_n upon_o holy_a order_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v a_o little_a that_o among_o the_o greek_n the_o pallium_fw-la or_o cloak_n be_v not_o common_o wear_v but_o be_v the_o proper_a habit_n of_o philosopher_n who_o profess_v a_o more_o severe_a and_o accurate_a course_n of_o life_n accord_o among_o the_o christian_n those_o who_o profess_v themselves_o to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o more_o strict_a and_o exact_a observer_n of_o the_o christian_a discipline_n whether_o they_o be_v laity_n or_o clergy_n assume_v this_o habit_n to_o themselves_o and_o because_o the_o clergy_n in_o those_o time_n general_o take_v upon_o they_o this_o austere_a and_o philosophic_a way_n of_o life_n this_o garb_n be_v most_o peculiar_a to_o they_o and_o this_o probable_o they_o do_v the_o rather_o not_o only_o because_o this_o be_v the_o most_o plain_a and_o simple_a garment_n in_o itself_o but_o because_o they_o suppose_v the_o apostle_n who_o they_o strive_v to_o imitate_v write_v this_o habit_n as_o be_v plain_a they_o do_v as_o from_o other_o passage_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n so_o from_o st._n paul_n send_v for_o the_o cloak_n
than_o at_o other_o to_o the_o advantageous_a use_n of_o a_o thing_n respect_n be_v to_o be_v have_v not_o only_o to_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o to_o the_o time_n occasion_n and_o manner_n of_o it_o that_o therefore_o our_o meal_n for_o the_o main_n shall_v be_v light_a and_o easy_a not_o mix_v with_o variety_n of_o dainty_n but_o such_o as_o may_v prepare_v for_o fast_v and_o the_o exercise_n of_o religion_n 18._o upon_o this_o account_n s._n cyprian_n in_o a_o epistle_n wherein_o he_o give_v direction_n about_o prayer_n advise_v they_o and_o to_o make_v the_o counsel_n more_o effectual_a tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v warn_v of_o it_o by_o immediate_a revelation_n from_o god_n to_o eat_v and_o drink_v sober_o and_o spare_o that_o outward_a snare_n may_v not_o enfeeble_v that_o heavenly_a vigour_n and_o sprightliness_n that_o be_v in_o their_o breast_n lest_o their_o mind_n be_v overcharge_v with_o too_o plentiful_a meal_n may_v be_v less_o watchful_a unto_o prayer_n the_o same_o counsel_n s._n hierom_n give_v to_o laeta_n about_o the_o education_n of_o her_o daughter_n 57_o that_o her_o diet_n shall_v be_v thin_a and_o mean_a and_o that_o she_o shall_v never_o eat_v more_o than_o she_o may_v arise_v with_o some_o appetite_n so_o as_o that_o after_o meal_n she_o may_v be_v present_o fit_a either_o to_o read_v or_o sing_v psalm_n when_o at_o any_o time_n invite_v to_o public_a solemnity_n 53._o as_o marriage_n and_o the_o like_a the_o prudence_n of_o the_o church_n think_v fit_a to_o lay_v restraint_n upon_o they_o and_o to_o forbid_v they_o light_n and_o ludicrous_a action_n as_o leap_v or_o dance_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v dine_v and_o sup_v grave_o and_o modest_o as_o become_v christian_n the_o chief_a care_n of_o christian_n than_o be_v to_o become_v partaker_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 144._o as_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n style_v it_o of_o that_o divine_a food_n that_o be_v from_o above_o and_o that_o only_o be_v capable_a to_o give_v real_a satisfaction_n little_o regard_v what_o provision_n they_o have_v so_o they_o have_v but_o any_o for_o that_o part_n that_o dwell_v here_o below_o when_o julian_n the_o emperor_n to_o raise_v money_n for_o his_o war_n begin_v to_o squeeze_v and_o oppress_v the_o christian_n he_o send_v among_o other_o to_o s._n basil_n who_o have_v former_o be_v his_o fellow-student_n at_o athens_n for_o one_o thousand_o pound_n 185._o the_o answer_n he_o send_v he_o be_v that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v expect_v there_o where_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o provision_n beforehand_o as_o will_v serve_v for_o one_o day_n that_o there_o be_v no_o art_n of_o cookery_n at_o his_o house_n nor_o knife_n stain_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o slaughter_a provision_n that_o his_o great_a dainty_n be_v a_o few_o potherb_n a_o piece_n of_o bread_n and_o a_o little_a sour_a vapid_a wine_n no_o such_o exceed_n as_o to_o stupefy_v his_o sense_n with_o fume_n arise_v from_o a_o load_v stomach_n and_o to_o render_v they_o incapable_a to_o discharge_v their_o function_n through_o intemperance_n and_o excess_n 616._o chrysostom_n commend_v olympias_n not_o more_o for_o the_o modesty_n of_o her_o garb_n than_o the_o meanness_n and_o sobriety_n of_o her_o diet_n to_o which_o she_o have_v so_o use_v herself_o that_o she_o have_v get_v the_o perfect_a mastery_n over_o all_o undue_a appetite_n and_o inclination_n and_o have_v not_o only_o bridle_v the_o horse_n but_o tame_v and_o reduce_v he_o into_o a_o entire_a subjection_n and_o teach_v her_o stomach_n to_o receive_v only_o so_o much_o meat_n and_o drink_v as_o be_v enough_o to_o keep_v her_o alive_a and_o in_o health_n this_o indeed_o be_v the_o great_a end_n of_o their_o signal_n abstinence_n in_o those_o day_n that_o by_o subdue_a the_o flesh_n they_o may_v keep_v the_o strict_a hand_n over_o the_o inordinate_a motion_n of_o corrupt_a nature_n when_o celsus_n accuse_v the_o jew_n 264._o and_o in_o they_o oblique_o the_o christian_n for_o needless_o abstain_v from_o swine_n flesh_n and_o some_o other_o sort_n of_o food_n affirm_v this_o to_o be_v no_o such_o great_a matter_n when_o the_o pythagorean_n whole_o abstain_v from_o eat_v any_o live_a creature_n who_o yet_o be_v never_o think_v the_o better_a or_o the_o more_o dear_a to_o god_n for_o it_o origen_n answer_v that_o whatever_o reason_n the_o jew_n do_v it_o for_o god_n have_v appoint_v the_o difference_n this_o concern_v not_o christian_n that_o it_o be_v not_o what_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o mouth_n that_o defile_v the_o man_n nor_o do_v meat_n commend_v we_o to_o god_n nor_o do_v we_o think_v this_o abstinence_n any_o such_o great_a matter_n nor_o yet_o do_v we_o so_o indulge_v the_o belly_n as_o to_o affect_v or_o pursue_v such_o delight_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o we_o and_o the_o pythagorean_n in_o this_o affair_n they_o indeed_o abstain_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o absurd_a and_o fabulous_a doctrine_n of_o the_o soul_n transmigration_n or_o pass_v out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o and_o so_o forbear_v to_o kill_v or_o eat_v any_o live_a creature_n lest_o haply_o they_o may_v destroy_v and_o devour_v their_o own_o friend_n or_o child_n but_o we_o in_o all_o our_o abstinence_n do_v it_o only_o to_o keep_v under_o the_o body_n and_o to_o bring_v it_o into_o subjection_n endeavour_v to_o mortify_v the_o deed_n of_o the_o body_n to_o expel_v and_o extinguish_v our_o member_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o earth_n fornication_n uncleanness_n inordinate_a affection_n and_o every_o evil_a concupiscence_n and_o desire_n where_o he_o full_o vindicate_v the_o christian_n in_o their_o abstemiousness_n and_o temperance_n from_o do_v it_o out_o of_o any_o vain_a and_o foolish_a affectation_n any_o nice_a and_o singular_a opinion_n any_o base_a and_o sordid_a morose_n or_o unsociable_a temper_n they_o be_v careful_a to_o keep_v the_o mean_a and_o to_o avoid_v sordidness_n as_o well_o as_o luxury_n nor_o do_v they_o profess_v themselves_o enemy_n to_o the_o provision_n of_o humane_a life_n any_o further_a than_o as_o they_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o end_n of_o sobriety_n and_o religion_n as_o may_v appear_v from_o a_o memorable_a passage_n relate_v by_o eusebius_n out_o of_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lion_n and_o vien_fw-it in_o france_n 167._o to_o those_o in_o asia_n alcibiades_n one_o of_o those_o who_o short_o after_o suffer_v martyrdom_n have_v accustom_a himself_o to_o a_o very_a rigid_a and_o sordid_a kind_n of_o life_n reject_v all_o other_o sort_n of_o food_n except_o only_a bread_n and_o water_n and_o this_o he_o do_v both_o before_o and_o after_o he_o be_v in_o prison_n which_o it_o seem_v have_v a_o ill_a influence_n upon_o other_o whereupon_o attalus_n one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o those_o famous_a martyr_n the_o day_n after_o his_o first_o be_v expose_v in_o the_o amphitheatre_n have_v it_o reveal_v to_o he_o for_o as_o yet_o say_v the_o historian_n the_o divine_a grace_n have_v not_o withdraw_v itself_o but_o they_o have_v the_o holy_a spirit_n as_o their_o immediate_a counsellor_n to_o instruct_v they_o which_o by_o the_o way_n may_v give_v countenance_n to_o those_o frequent_a vision_n and_o divine_a condescension_n which_o cyprian_n speak_v of_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o this_o attalus_n it_o be_v reveal_v that_o alcidades_fw-mi do_v amiss_o in_o refuse_v to_o use_v the_o creature_n of_o god_n and_o in_o thereby_o give_v a_o scandal_n and_o a_o offence_n to_o other_o upon_o which_o he_o lay_v aside_o his_o singularity_n and_o with_o all_o thankfulness_n to_o god_n promiscuous_o eat_v any_o kind_n of_o food_n from_o the_o whole_a of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v very_o evident_a what_o little_a reason_n the_o heathen_n have_v to_o accuse_v the_o christian_n in_o their_o agapae_fw-la or_o love-feast_n especial_o of_o excess_n and_o prodigality_n for_o that_o they_o do_v tertullian_n express_o affirm_v 32._o our_o little_a supper_n say_v he_o beside_o as_o be_v guilty_a of_o other_o wickedness_n they_o traduce_v as_o prodigal_a 37._o say_v of_o we_o as_o diogenes_n do_v of_o the_o people_n of_o megara_n that_o they_o sup_v as_o if_o they_o mean_v to_o die_v to_o morrow_n nay_o what_o be_v infinite_o horrid_a and_o barbarous_a they_o common_o charge_v they_o with_o thyestean_a supper_n and_o eat_v man_n flesh_n to_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o charge_n concern_v their_o prodigality_n ibid._n tertullian_n answer_v that_o they_o can_v easy_o see_v a_o mote_n in_o another_o eye_n than_o a_o beam_n in_o their_o own_o if_o they_o look_v home_o they_o will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v their_o own_o tribe_n and_o precinct_n wherein_o the_o very_a air_n be_v corrupt_v with_o the_o unsavoury_a fume_n of_o their_o load_v table_n and_o overcharge_v stomach_n and_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v pass_v by_o and_o only_o the_o poor_a christian_n
this_o wicked_a imputation_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o before_o we_o conclude_v to_o inquire_v a_o little_a into_o the_o rise_n and_o original_n of_o this_o absurd_a and_o malicious_a charge_n 294._o origen_n father_n it_o upon_o the_o jew_n as_o if_o they_o have_v false_o and_o spiteful_o invent_v it_o as_o they_o do_v other_o thing_n to_o disgrace_v and_o prejudice_n christianity_n and_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o some_o measure_n it_o succeed_v according_o keep_v many_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o that_o even_o in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v some_o who_o for_o this_o very_a reason_n will_v have_v no_o discourse_n or_o commerce_n with_o a_o christian_a but_o though_o both_o jew_n and_o gentile_n have_v malice_n and_o spite_n enough_o against_o the_o christian_n yet_o i_o can_v hardly_o think_v that_o it_o be_v a_o pure_o invent_v falsehood_n but_o that_o it_o have_v some_o ground_n of_o pretence_n though_o ill_o apply_v and_o so_o we_o shall_v find_v it_o have_v for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o the_o most_o early_a time_n of_o christianity_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o heretic_n who_o though_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a name_n yet_o all_o call_v themselves_o christian_n account_v that_o hereby_o they_o grace_v and_o honour_v their_o party_n as_o epiphanius_n tell_v we_o the_o follower_n of_o simon_n magus_n 58._o menander_n martion_n marcus_n basilides_n etc._n etc._n who_o all_o go_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o gnostic_n and_o be_v under_o the_o pretence_n of_o religion_n guilty_a of_o the_o most_o prodigious_a villainy_n and_o particular_o those_o we_o be_v speak_v of_o 132._o irenaeus_n report_v of_o they_o that_o they_o give_v up_o themselves_o to_o all_o filthiness_n and_o bestiality_n not_o only_o private_o corrupt_v the_o woman_n who_o they_o have_v inveagle_v into_o their_o sect_n as_o some_o of_o they_o return_v after_o to_o the_o church_n confess_v with_o shame_n and_o sorrow_n but_o open_o and_o with_o bare_a face_n marry_v the_o woman_n who_o they_o have_v seduce_v from_o their_o husband_n commit_v the_o most_o execrable_a wickedness_n and_o laugh_v at_o the_o pious_a and_o orthodox_n christian_n who_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n restrain_v from_o sin_n either_o in_o word_n or_o thought_n as_o a_o company_n of_o ignorant_a and_o silly_a fellow_n magnify_v themselves_o style_v themselves_o perfect_a and_o the_o seed_n of_o election_n and_o much_o more_o in_o other_o place_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n where_o he_o give_v account_n of_o the_o profane_a and_o hellish_a rite_n of_o their_o assembly_n of_o the_o carpocratian_o another_o gang_n of_o those_o brutish_a heretic_n 430._o clemens_n alexandrinus_n relate_v the_o same_o both_o as_o to_o their_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n report_v the_o matter_n almost_o in_o the_o very_a same_o circumstance_n wherein_o it_o be_v charge_v upon_o the_o christian_n by_o the_o heathen_a in_o min._n foelix_n viz._n that_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n use_v to_o meet_v at_o supper_n which_o they_o have_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o true_a christian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o love-feast_n where_o after_o they_o have_v load_v themselves_o with_o a_o plentiful_a meal_n to_o prevent_v all_o shame_n if_o they_o have_v any_o remain_v they_o put_v out_o the_o light_n and_o then_o promiscuous_o mix_v in_o filthiness_n with_o one_o another_o or_o else_o each_o sort_v as_o they_o please_v and_o of_o the_o gnostic_n epiphanius_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v their_o wife_n in_o common_a 42._o and_o if_o any_o stranger_n of_o their_o party_n come_v to_o they_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n have_v this_o mark_n and_o sign_n to_o know_v one_o another_o by_o stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n by_o way_n of_o salutation_n they_o use_v to_o tickle_v each_o other_o in_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o hand_n by_o which_o they_o be_v satisfy_v that_o the_o stranger_n real_o be_v of_o their_o gang_n and_o party_n among_o their_o brethren_n the_o carpocratian_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o mark_v their_o disciple_n and_o proselyte_n unde_fw-la the_o right_a ear_n with_o a_o brand_n 51._o a_o slit_n or_o a_o hole_n that_o they_o may_v the_o more_o ready_o discern_v they_o this_o agree_v exact_o with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o heathen_n that_o they_o know_v one_o another_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n by_o privy_a mark_n and_o sign_n and_o have_v thus_o own_a and_o receive_v each_o other_o they_o go_v to_o their_o luxurious_a feast_n and_o to_o those_o horrid_a brutishness_n that_o follow_v after_o now_o this_o be_v the_o case_n with_o these_o abominable_a wretch_n who_o yet_o have_v the_o face_n to_o call_v themselves_o christian_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o jew_n and_o gentile_n who_o be_v greedy_a of_o any_o occasion_n to_o bespatter_n and_o reproach_n christian_n and_o rather_o than_o not_o find_v a_o occasion_n will_v make_v one_o charge_v it_o upon_o all_o christian_n either_o not_o know_v it_o to_o be_v otherwise_o or_o if_o they_o do_v not_o willing_a to_o distinguish_v between_o true_a and_o false_a and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o true_a and_o only_o rise_v and_o ground_n of_o the_o charge_n beside_o some_o intimation_n of_o it_o in_o justin_n martyr_n 70._o we_o have_v it_o express_o assert_v by_o eusebius_n 120._o as_o that_o which_o give_v be_v to_o that_o absurd_a and_o impious_a opinion_n which_o spread_v so_o fast_o among_o the_o heathen_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v guilty_a of_o promiscuous_a mixture_n to_o the_o great_a reproach_n and_o infamy_n of_o the_o christian_a name_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o this_o malicious_a report_n may_v receive_v strength_n and_o encouragement_n from_o the_o servant_n of_o some_o christian_n who_o be_v rack_v by_o the_o heathen_n may_v confess_v what_o they_o put_v into_o their_o mouth_n and_o this_o charge_n among_o the_o rest_n this_o the_o same_o historian_n relate_v out_o of_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o church_n in_o france_n 156._o certain_a gentile_n who_o be_v servant_n to_o some_o christian_n be_v apprehend_v and_o have_v see_v the_o exquisite_a torment_n which_o the_o christian_n be_v put_v to_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o like_a do_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o urge_v they_o to_o it_o confess_v that_o the_o christian_n have_v among_o they_o incestuous_a mixture_n and_o supper_n furnish_v with_o man_n flesh_n lay_v such_o thing_n to_o their_o charge_n as_o they_o hold_v unlawful_a to_o speak_v or_o think_v of_o or_o can_v believe_v be_v ever_o do_v by_o man_n which_o be_v once_o divulge_v they_o every_o where_o fall_v upon_o the_o christian_n with_o the_o great_a rage_n and_o fierceness_n so_o in_o the_o persecution_n under_o maximinus_n 350._o one_o of_o the_o commander_n that_o then_o reside_v at_o damascus_n lay_v hold_v of_o a_o few_o light_a inconsiderable_a woman_n in_o the_o market_n and_o threaten_v they_o with_o the_o rack_n force_v the_o wretch_n public_o to_o confess_v that_o they_o have_v former_o be_v christian_n and_o that_o they_o know_v all_o their_o villainy_n that_o in_o their_o religious_a meeting_n they_o commit_v the_o most_o beastly_a action_n and_o indeed_o what_o ever_o else_o he_o will_v have_v they_o say_v that_o may_v disgrace_v christianity_n this_o confession_n of_o they_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o public_a record_n and_o then_o transmit_v it_o to_o the_o emperor_n by_o who_o command_n it_o be_v immediate_o publish_v in_o all_o city_n and_o place_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o industrious_o do_v the_o malice_n of_o man_n and_o devil_n bend_v all_o the_o nerve_n of_o their_o power_n and_o subtlety_n though_o in_o vain_a either_o whole_o to_o suppress_v or_o at_o least_o to_o dishearten_v and_o baâ—â—le_v out_o the_o christian_n which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o another_o virtue_n no_o less_o remarkable_a in_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o time_n chap._n vi_o of_o their_o readiness_n and_o constancy_n in_o profess_v their_o religion_n their_o courage_n and_o undauntedness_n in_o profess_v the_o truth_n though_o reproach_v and_o persecute_v their_o open_a and_o resolute_a own_n it_o to_o the_o face_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o in_o defiance_n of_o the_o great_a danger_n the_o story_n of_o victorinus_n the_o rhetorician_n convert_v by_o simplician_n the_o free_a and_o impartial_a answer_n of_o maris_n to_o julian_n of_o basil_n to_o the_o arrian_n governor_n polycarp'_v refuse_v to_o fly_v when_o officer_n be_v send_v to_o apprehend_v he_o his_o resolute_a carriage_n before_o the_o proconsul_n the_o like_a of_o cyprian_a no_o torment_n can_v make_v they_o deny_v christ_n woman_n unconquerable_a the_o excellent_a instance_n of_o blandina_fw-la and_o other_o divers_a voluntary_o offer_v themselves_o other_o offer_v to_o plead_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o christians_n though_o with_o the_o immediate_a hazard_n of_o their_o life_n this_o boldness_n and_o resolution_n note_v as_o a_o argument_n
and_o i_o can_v sacrifice_v to_o your_o god_n do_v therefore_o what_o you_o be_v command_v as_o for_o i_o in_o so_o just_a a_o cause_n there_o need_v no_o consultation_n and_o when_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v against_o he_o he_o cry_v out_o i_o hearty_o thank_v almighty_a god_n who_o be_v please_v to_o free_v i_o from_o the_o chain_n of_o this_o earthly_a carcase_n have_v torment_n and_o the_o very_a extremity_n of_o cruelty_n be_v able_a to_o sink_v their_o courage_n it_o have_v soon_o be_v tread_v under_o foot_n but_o it_o be_v triumphant_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o torment_n and_o lift_v up_o its_o head_n high_o the_o great_a the_o load_n that_o be_v lay_v upon_o it_o whereof_o there_o be_v instance_n enough_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o church_n nay_o in_o this_o triumph_n even_o the_o weak_a sex_n bear_v no_o inconsiderable_a part_n 157._o eusebius_n tell_v we_o among_o other_o that_o suffer_v in_o the_o french_a persecution_n under_o m._n aurelius_n of_o one_o blandina_fw-la a_o good_a woman_n but_o of_o who_o the_o church_n be_v afraid_a how_o she_o will_v hold_v out_o to_o make_v a_o resolute_a confession_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o her_o body_n and_o the_o tenderness_n of_o her_o education_n that_o when_o she_o come_v to_o it_o she_o bear_v up_o with_o such_o invincible_a magnanimity_n that_o her_o tormentor_n though_o they_o take_v their_o turn_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n and_o ply_v she_o with_o all_o kind_n of_o rack_n and_o torture_n be_v yet_o force_v to_o give_v over_o and_o confess_v themselves_o overcome_v and_o wonder_v that_o a_o body_n so_o break_v and_o mangle_v shall_v yet_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v its_o breath_n but_o this_o noble_a athleta_fw-la gain_v strength_n by_o suffering_n she_o ease_v and_o refresh_v herself_o and_o mitigate_v the_o sense_n of_o present_a pain_n by_o repeat_v these_o word_n i_o be_o a_o christian_n and_o no_o evil_n be_v do_v by_o we_o nor_o do_v they_o only_o generous_o bear_v these_o thing_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o their_o religion_n when_o they_o be_v lay_v upon_o they_o but_o many_o time_n free_o offer_v themselves_o confess_v themselves_o to_o be_v christian_n when_o they_o know_v that_o their_o confession_n will_v cost_v their_o life_n so_o do_v those_o noble_a martyr_n who_o eusebius_n see_v at_o thebais_n 301._o multitude_n have_v be_v execute_v every_o day_n with_o all_o imaginable_a cruelty_n sentence_n be_v no_o soon_o pass_v against_o one_o party_n of_o they_o but_o other_o present_v themselves_o before_o the_o tribunal_n and_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v christian_n receive_v the_o fatal_a sentence_n with_o all_o possible_a expression_n of_o cheerfulness_n and_o rejoice_v 321._o the_o same_o which_o he_o also_o report_v of_o six_o young_a man_n that_o suffer_v in_o palestine_n spontaneous_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n own_v that_o they_o be_v christian_n and_o ready_a to_o undergo_v the_o severe_a punishment_n in_o the_o act_n of_o s._n cyprian_n passion_n we_o be_v tell_v 16._o that_o the_o precedent_n have_v cause_v a_o mighty_a furnace_n to_o be_v fill_v with_o burn_a lime_n and_o fire_n with_o heap_n of_o frankincense_n round_o about_o the_o brim_n of_o it_o give_v the_o christian_n this_o choice_n either_o to_o burn_v the_o frankincense_n in_o sacrifice_n to_o jupiter_n or_o to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o furnace_n whereupon_o three_o hundred_o man_n be_v arm_v with_o a_o unconquerable_a faith_n and_o confess_v christ_n to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n leap_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o fiery_a furnace_n with_o who_o fume_n and_o vapour_n they_o be_v immediate_o suffocate_v and_o swallow_v up_o there_o want_v not_o some_o who_o in_o the_o hot_a persecution_n dare_v venture_v to_o undertake_v the_o cause_n of_o christian_n and_o to_o plead_v it_o before_o the_o face_n of_o their_o bitter_a enemy_n 155._o thus_o do_v vettius_n epagathus_n a_o man_n full_a of_o zeal_n and_o piety_n who_o see_v his_o fellow-christians_a unjust_o drag_v before_o the_o judgment-seat_n require_v leave_v of_o the_o precedent_n that_o he_o may_v plead_v his_o brethren_n cause_n and_o open_o show_v that_o they_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o the_o least_o wickedness_n and_o impiety_n but_o not_o dare_v to_o grant_v he_o so_o reasonable_a a_o request_n the_o judge_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o christian_a which_o he_o public_o own_v be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o same_o martyrdom_n with_o the_o rest_n 204._o of_o origen_n we_o read_v that_o though_o then_o but_o eighteen_o year_n of_o age_n yet_o he_o be_v wont_a not_o only_o to_o wait_v upon_o the_o martyr_n in_o prison_n but_o to_o attend_v upon_o they_o at_o their_o trial_n and_o the_o time_n of_o their_o execution_n kiss_v and_o embrace_v they_o and_o bold_o preach_v and_o profess_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n insomuch_o that_o have_v he_o not_o be_v many_o time_n miraculous_o preserve_v the_o gentile_n have_v pelt_v he_o to_o death_n with_o stone_n for_o they_o mortal_o hate_v he_o for_o his_o industrious_a and_o undaunted_a propagation_n of_o the_o faith_n 202._o nay_o when_o but_o a_o boy_n and_o his_o father_n leontius_n be_v seize_v upon_o he_o write_v to_o his_o father_n most_o earnest_o press_v he_o to_o persevere_v unto_o martyrdom_n and_o not_o to_o concern_v himself_o what_o may_v become_v of_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n nor_o for_o their_o sake_n to_o decline_v that_o excellent_a cause_n he_o be_v engage_v in_o by_o this_o free_a and_o cheerful_a undergo_n the_o great_a misery_n rather_o than_o deny_v or_o prejudice_v their_o religion_n christian_n evident_o demonstrate_v the_o goodness_n of_o their_o principle_n and_o show_v they_o be_v no_o such_o person_n as_o their_o enemy_n common_o look_v upon_o they_o that_o a_o christian_n as_o ignatius_n observe_v be_v not_o the_o child_n of_o fancy_n and_o persuasion_n 57_o but_o of_o true_a gallantry_n and_o greatness_n of_o spirit_n have_v so_o much_o hatred_n of_o the_o world_n to_o grapple_v and_o contend_v with_o those_o who_o be_v malefactor_n as_o tertullian_n argue_v desire_v to_o be_v conceal_v 2._o and_o shun_v to_o appear_v be_v apprehend_v they_o tremble_v be_v accuse_v they_o deny_v be_v rack_v do_v not_o easy_o nor_o always_o confess_v the_o truth_n however_o be_v condemn_v they_o be_v sad_a search_v into_o and_o censure_v themselves_o be_v unwilling_a to_o acknowledge_v their_o wickedness_n to_o be_v their_o own_o and_o according_o impute_v they_o either_o to_o their_o fate_n or_o star_n but_o what_o be_v there_o like_o this_o to_o be_v find_v in_o christian_n among_o they_o no_o man_n be_v ashamed_a none_o repent_v he_o of_o be_v a_o christian_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o so_o if_o mark_v out_o he_o glory_v if_o accuse_v he_o stand_v not_o to_o defend_v himself_o be_v interrogated_a he_o confess_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n be_v condemn_v he_o give_v thanks_o what_o evil_a then_o can_v there_o be_v in_o this_o which_o be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v any_o shadow_n of_o evil_n any_o fear_n shame_n tergiversation_n repentance_n deplorableness_n to_o attend_v it_o what_o evil_a can_v that_o be_v of_o which_o he_o that_o be_v guilty_a rejoice_v of_o which_o to_o be_v accuse_v be_v their_o vote_n and_o desire_n and_o for_o which_o to_o be_v punish_v be_v their_o happiness_n and_o felicity_n this_o likewise_o arnobius_n lay_v down_o as_o a_o grand_a evidence_n of_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n 21._o that_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n it_o have_v conquer_v so_o much_o of_o the_o world_n subdue_a man_n of_o the_o great_a part_n and_o learning_n make_v they_o willing_a to_o quit_v their_o beloved_a opinion_n to_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n to_o part_v with_o their_o ease_n and_o pleasure_n and_o to_o submit_v to_o torment_n rather_o than_o violate_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n or_o start_v from_o the_o station_n they_o have_v enter_v upon_o by_o this_o excellent_a temper_n and_o carriage_n they_o admirable_o triumph_v over_o the_o best_a man_n among_o the_o gentile_n none_o of_o who_o dare_v engage_v so_o deep_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o dear_a sentiment_n as_o the_o christian_n do_v for_o they_o witness_v plato_n who_o set_v up_o the_o academy_n and_o bring_v in_o a_o obscure_a and_o ambiguous_a way_n of_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n lest_o by_o speak_v out_o he_o shall_v fall_v under_o the_o sentence_n and_o the_o fate_n of_o socrates_n thus_o origen_n put_v celsus_n in_o mind_n of_o aristotle_n 51._o who_o understand_v that_o the_o athenian_n intend_v to_o call_v he_o to_o account_v for_o some_o of_o his_o as_o they_o think_v they_o un-orthodox_a opinion_n immediate_o remove_v his_o school_n say_v to_o his_o friend_n let_v we_o be_v go_v from_o athens_n lest_o we_o give_v they_o a_o occasion_n of_o be_v guilty_a
measure_n of_o their_o transaction_n a_o lie_v they_o abhor_v as_o bad_a in_o all_o as_o monstrous_a in_o a_o christian_a as_o direct_o opposite_a to_o that_o truth_n to_o which_o they_o have_v consign_v and_o deliver_v up_o themselves_o in_o baptism_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o tell_v one_o though_o it_o be_v to_o save_v their_o life_n 26._o when_o the_o heathen_n charge_v they_o with_o folly_n and_o madness_n that_o they_o will_v so_o resolute_o suffer_v when_o a_o parcel_n of_o fair_a word_n may_v make_v way_n for_o they_o to_o escape_v tell_v they_o it_o be_v but_o do_v or_o say_v as_o they_o be_v bid_v and_o that_o they_o may_v secure_v their_o conscience_n by_o mental_a reservation_n tertullian_n let_v they_o know_v that_o they_o reject_v the_o motion_n with_o the_o high_a scorn_n as_o the_o plain_a artifice_n and_o invention_n of_o the_o devil_n when_o we_o be_v most_o severe_o examine_v say_v justin_n martyr_n we_o never_o deny_v ourselves_o 43._o count_v it_o impious_a in_o any_o thing_n to_o dissemble_v or_o deny_v the_o truth_n as_o we_o know_v the_o contrary_n be_v acceptable_a unto_o god_n and_o though_o we_o can_v as_o they_o tell_v the_o emperor_n when_o question_v 57_o evade_v or_o deny_v it_o yet_o we_o scorn_v to_o live_v upon_o any_o term_n by_o which_o we_o must_v be_v force_v to_o maintain_v our_o life_n by_o lie_n and_o falsehood_n this_o honest_a and_o ingenuous_a simplicity_n they_o practise_v to_o that_o exactness_n and_o accuracy_n that_o for_o a_o christian_n to_o be_v put_v to_o his_o oath_n be_v account_v a_o disparagement_n to_o his_o fidelity_n and_o truth_n 728._o so_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n tell_v we_o he_o that_o approve_v himself_o and_o be_v try_v say_v he_o in_o this_o i.e._n the_o christian_a weigh_v of_o piety_n and_o religion_n be_v far_o from_o be_v forward_o either_o to_o lie_v or_o swear_v for_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o determinative_a assertion_n with_o a_o calling_n god_n to_o witness_v for_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o but_o how_o shall_v any_o one_o that_o be_v faithful_a so_o far_o render_v himself_o unfaithful_a or_o unworthy_a of_o belief_n as_o to_o need_v a_o oath_n and_o not_o rather_o make_v the_o course_n of_o his_o life_n a_o testimony_n to_o he_o as_o firm_a and_o positive_a as_o a_o oath_n and_o demonstrate_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o assertion_n by_o the_o constant_a and_o immutable_a tenor_n of_o his_o word_n and_o action_n it_o be_v enough_o therefore_o as_o he_o present_o after_o add_v for_o every_o good_a man_n either_o by_o way_n of_o affirmation_n or_o denial_n to_o give_v this_o assurance_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o speak_v true_o to_o satisfy_v any_o that_o apprehend_v not_o the_o certainty_n of_o what_o he_o say_v for_o towards_o those_o that_o be_v without_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v such_o a_o conversation_n as_o be_v most_o worthy_a of_o belief_n so_o as_o no_o oath_n shall_v be_v require_v of_o he_o and_o towards_o himself_o and_o those_o of_o his_o party_n to_o preserve_v such_o a_o even_a and_o equitable_a temper_n of_o mind_n as_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o voluntary_a justice_n this_o and_o much_o more_o he_o discourse_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o this_o and_o some_o other_o reason_n but_o especial_o from_o some_o mistaken_a place_n of_o scripture_n where_o it_o be_v say_v swear_v not_o at_o all_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n hold_v all_o take_n of_o a_o oath_n unlawful_a but_o beside_o that_o those_o few_o that_o do_v be_v not_o herein_o constant_a to_o themselves_o the_o far_o great_a part_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n and_o understand_v the_o prohibition_n either_o of_o swear_v by_o creature_n which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o which_o our_o saviour_n and_o s._n james_n principal_o aim_v at_o or_o of_o light_n rash_a and_o false_a swear_n for_o otherwise_o that_o the_o primitive_a christian_n do_v not_o think_v it_o unlawful_a to_o take_v a_o oath_n in_o serious_a and_o necessary_a case_n be_v most_o evident_a â—28_n athanasius_n speak_v of_o his_o accuser_n who_o he_o desire_v may_v be_v put_v to_o their_o oath_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o attest_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o be_v speak_v be_v to_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v and_o this_o say_v he_o be_v the_o form_n of_o swear_v which_o we_o christian_n be_v wont_a to_o use_v and_o indeed_o though_o we_o have_v no_o other_o argument_n it_o will_v be_v plain_a enough_o from_o hence_o that_o they_o serve_v in_o the_o war_n and_o frequent_o bear_v arm_n even_o under_o the_o heathen_a emperor_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o can_v not_o do_v without_o first_o take_v a_o military_a oath_n to_o be_v true_a to_o their_o general_n and_o to_o die_v rather_o than_o desert_n their_o station_n 33._o and_o this_o vegetius_n a_o heathen_a author_n though_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o young_a valentinian_n express_o report_v of_o they_o that_o when_o their_o name_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o muster-roll_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o take_v a_o oath_n the_o particular_a form_n whereof_o he_o there_o set_v down_o viz._n that_o they_o swear_v by_o god_n christ_n and_o the_o holy_a spirit_n and_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o next_o to_o god_n be_v to_o be_v love_v and_o honour_v by_o mankind_n this_o agree_v very_o well_o with_o that_o account_n which_o tertullian_n have_v long_o before_o give_v of_o the_o christian_n 28._o when_o be_v accuse_v by_o their_o enemy_n of_o high_a treason_n among_o other_o reason_n because_o they_o refuse_v to_o swear_v by_o their_o emperor_n he_o answer_v that_o though_o they_o will_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n genius_n their_o genii_fw-la or_o tutelar_a deity_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o devil_n yet_o they_o do_v swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n safety_n a_o thing_n more_o august_n and_o venerable_a than_o all_o the_o genii_fw-la in_o the_o world_n in_o the_o emperor_n they_o own_o god_n institution_n and_o authority_n &_o will_v therefore_o have_v that_o to_o be_v safe_a which_o he_o have_v appoint_v and_o according_o account_v it_o the_o matter_n of_o a_o lawful_a oath_n but_o for_o the_o daemon_n or_o genii_fw-la say_v he_o we_o use_v adjurare_fw-la to_o adjure_v they_o so_o as_o to_o cast_v they_o out_o of_o man_n non_fw-la dejerare_fw-la not_o to_o swear_v by_o they_o and_o thereby_o confer_v the_o honour_n of_o divinity_n upon_o they_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o deny_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o emperor_n because_o among_o the_o heathen_n she_o be_v account_v a_o deity_n and_o honour_v with_o religious_a worship_n thus_o we_o see_v that_o they_o refuse_v not_o to_o ensure_v and_o ratify_v their_o faith_n by_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o which_o that_o they_o may_v add_v the_o great_a reverence_n and_o solemnity_n they_o be_v wont_n many_o time_n to_o take_v it_o at_o the_o receive_n of_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o novatus_n and_o his_o follower_n 245._o for_o take_v their_o hand_n wherein_o they_o hold_v the_o sacramental_a element_n within_o his_o own_o he_o cause_v they_o to_o swear_v by_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n that_o they_o will_v not_o desert_v he_o but_o because_o this_o may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v only_o the_o artifice_n of_o a_o heretic_n to_o bind_v his_o follower_n the_o fast_o to_o his_o party_n 15._o s._n chrysostom_n though_o himself_o no_o good_a friend_n to_o take_v oath_n sufficient_o assure_v we_o it_o be_v customary_a to_o come_v into_o the_o church_n and_o to_o swear_v upon_o the_o communion_n table_n 179._o take_v the_o book_n of_o the_o holy_a gospel_n into_o their_o hand_n the_o same_o appear_v from_o the_o case_n propose_v to_o gregory_n nazianzen_n by_o theodore_n bishop_n of_o tyana_n 908._o and_o by_o the_o instance_n of_o evagrius_n vid._n nazianzen_n archdeacon_n at_o constantinople_n who_o have_v it_o reveal_v to_o he_o in_o a_o vision_n that_o some_o person_n lay_v in_o wait_n for_o he_o 2._o and_o that_o therefore_o he_o must_v present_o be_v go_v the_o person_n that_o reveal_v it_o assure_v he_o he_o will_v knock_v off_o those_o fetter_n that_o be_v upon_o he_o if_o he_o will_v swear_v to_o he_o upon_o the_o holy_a gospel_n that_o he_o will_v immediate_o depart_v which_o be_v according_o do_v and_o as_o their_o caution_n be_v great_a in_o take_v of_o a_o oath_n so_o their_o care_n be_v no_o less_o in_o make_v of_o it_o good_a they_o know_v that_o in_o this_o solemn_a transaction_n they_o do_v in_o a_o more_o peculiar_a manner_n call_v in_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n of_o what_o they_o say_v and_o a_o revenger_n in_o case_n of_o falsehood_n and_o the_o violation_n of_o it_o this_o make_v they_o great_o afraid_a of_o perjury_n which_o they_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o
they_o know_v the_o seller_n do_v not_o understand_v the_o true_a price_n and_o value_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v he_o will_v not_o part_v with_o it_o at_o such_o a_o price_n to_o this_o purpose_n s._n augustine_n tell_v we_o he_o know_v a_o man_n probable_o he_o mean_v himself_o 407._o though_o out_o of_o modesty_n he_o conceal_v it_o who_o have_v a_o book_n offer_v he_o to_o be_v sell_v by_o one_o that_o understand_v not_o the_o price_n of_o it_o at_o a_o very_a small_a underrate_v take_v the_o book_n but_o give_v he_o the_o full_a price_n according_a to_o its_o just_a rate_n and_o value_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o the_o seller_n ask_v for_o it_o and_o the_o truth_n be_v in_o such_o case_n advantage_n can_v honest_o be_v take_v of_o man_n weakness_n or_o mistake_n because_o no_o man_n if_o he_o understand_v the_o true_a worth_n and_o value_n of_o his_o commodity_n can_v be_v suppose_v willing_a to_o part_v with_o it_o at_o a_o too-und_a rate_n and_o if_o they_o be_v thus_o far_o from_o crafty_o overreach_v much_o more_o from_o secret_o or_o open_o invade_v of_o what_o be_v another_o right_n and_o property_n no_o cheat_v or_o cozenage_n no_o act_n of_o dishonesty_n and_o deceit_n be_v allow_v or_o practise_v among_o they_o or_o if_o any_o such_o be_v discover_v they_o be_v immediate_o protest_v against_o by_o the_o whole_a society_n of_o christian_n cornelius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n giving_z cyprian_n a_o account_n of_o novatus_n the_o heretic_n and_o his_o companion_n vid._n tell_v he_o of_o one_o nicostratus_n that_o not_o only_o cheat_v his_o lady_n and_o patroness_n sequent_a who_o estate_n and_o revenue_n he_o manage_v but_o carry_v away_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n whereof_o he_o be_v chief_a deacon_n the_o portion_n and_o maintenance_n of_o poor_a widow_n and_o orphan_n a_o crime_n say_v he_o reserve_v for_o perpetual_a punishment_n i.e._n for_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n in_o the_o other_o world_n be_v too_o great_a for_o any_o in_o this_o whereupon_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v from_o rome_n into_o africa_n to_o avoid_v the_o shame_n and_o prosecution_n of_o his_o rapine_n and_o sacrilege_n though_o when_o he_o come_v there_o they_o do_v not_o only_o refuse_v to_o admit_v he_o into_o communion_n but_o open_o expose_v the_o wickedness_n of_o he_o and_o his_o confederate_n to_o the_o abhorrency_n of_o all_o man_n by_o which_o may_v appear_v the_o falsity_n of_o that_o charge_n of_o sacrilege_n which_o the_o gentile_n bring_v against_o the_o christian_n to_o which_o though_o certain_o it_o primary_o respect_v their_o declare_a enmity_n against_o the_o idolatrous_a temple_n and_o worship_n of_o the_o heathen_n yet_o tertullian_n answer_v you_o look_v upon_o we_o say_v he_o as_o sacrilegious_a person_n 69._o and_o yet_o never_o find_v any_o of_o we_o guilty_a of_o wrong_n or_o injury_n of_o any_o rapine_n and_o violence_n much_o less_o of_o sacrilege_n and_o impiety_n no_o they_o be_v your_o own_o party_n that_o swear_v by_o and_o worship_v your_o god_n and_o yet_o rob_v their_o temple_n that_o be_v no_o christian_n and_o yet_o be_v find_v to_o be_v sacrilegious_a and_o afterward_o he_o add_v this_o further_a vindication_n of_o they_o 71._o as_o for_o we_o say_v he_o we_o deny_v not_o any_o pledge_n that_o be_v leave_v with_o we_o we_o adulterate_a no_o man_n marriagebed_n we_o pious_o educate_v and_o train_v up_o orphan_n and_o relieve_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o indigent_a and_o render_v no_o man_n evil_a for_o evil_n if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o dissemble_v our_o religion_n let_v they_o look_v to_o it_o we_o disow_v they_o for_o be_v of_o our_o party_n why_o shall_v we_o be_v worse_o think_v of_o for_o other_o fault_n or_o why_o shall_v a_o christian_a answer_n for_o any_o thing_n but_o what_o concern_v his_o own_o religion_n which_o no_o man_n in_o so_o long_a a_o time_n have_v prove_v to_o be_v cruel_a or_o incestuous_a nay_o when_o we_o be_v burn_v and_o most_o severe_o deal_v with_o it_o be_v for_o the_o great_a innocency_n honesty_n justice_n modesty_n for_o our_o truth_n and_o faithfulness_n and_o our_o piety_n to_o the_o live_v god_n and_o that_o these_o be_v not_o a_o parcel_n of_o good_a word_n which_o the_o christian_n speak_v in_o their_o own_o behalf_n will_v appear_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o testimony_n which_o pliny_n who_o be_v far_o from_o be_v partial_a to_o they_o give_v of_o they_o for_o be_v command_v by_o the_o emperor_n trajan_n to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o after_o the_o strict_a examination_n which_o he_o can_v make_v even_o of_o those_o that_o have_v renounce_v christianity_n 10._o he_o find_v this_o to_o be_v the_o great_a fault_n that_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o 290._o that_o they_o use_v harmless_o to_o meet_v to_o worship_n christ_n and_o at_o those_o meeting_n to_o bind_v themselves_o by_o a_o sacrament_n or_o a_o oath_n that_o they_o will_v not_o do_v any_o wickedness_n that_o thy_o might_n be_v firmly_a oblige_v not_o to_o commit_v theft_n robbery_n adultery_n not_o to_o falsify_v their_o word_n or_o to_o deny_v any_o thing_n wherewith_o they_o be_v entrust_v when_o it_o be_v require_v of_o they_o gregory_n bishop_n of_o neocaesarea_n in_o a_o canonical_a epistle_n 120._o which_o he_o write_v to_o rectify_v several_a disorder_n and_o irregularity_n which_o have_v happen_v among_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o inroad_n and_o devastation_n which_o the_o goth_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n have_v make_v among_o they_o do_v among_o other_o thing_n especial_o take_v notice_n how_o uncomely_a in_o itself_o how_o unsuitable_a to_o christian_n it_o be_v to_o covet_v and_o to_o grasp_v what_o be_v another_o man_n how_o inhuman_a to_o spoil_v the_o oppress_a and_o to_o enrich_v ourselves_o by_o the_o blood_n and_o ruin_n of_o our_o miserable_a brethren_n and_o whereas_o some_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o plead_v they_o do_v not_o steal_v but_o only_o take_v up_o what_o they_o find_v he_o tell_v they_o this_o excuse_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n that_o whatever_o they_o have_v find_v of_o their_o neighbour_n nay_o though_o it_o be_v their_o enemy_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o restore_v it_o much_o more_o to_o their_o brethren_n who_o be_v fellow-sufferer_n with_o they_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n other_o think_v it_o warrant_v enough_o to_o keep_v what_o they_o find_v though_o belong_v to_o other_o have_v be_v such_o deep_a loser_n themselves_o but_o this_o he_o tell_v they_o be_v to_o justify_v one_o wickedness_n with_o another_o and_o because_o the_o goth_n have_v be_v enemy_n to_o they_o they_o will_v become_v goth_n and_o barbarian_n unto_o other_o nor_o do_v they_o only_o keep_v themselves_o from_o do_v injury_n to_o other_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v they_o all_o the_o right_a all_o the_o kindness_n that_o lie_v in_o their_o power_n especial_o to_o vindicate_v the_o poor_a and_o helpless_a from_o the_o power_n and_o violence_n of_o those_o that_o be_v too_o mighty_a for_o they_o 8._o therefore_o when_o the_o father_n of_o the_o synod_n of_o sardis_n take_v notice_n that_o some_o bishop_n use_v to_o go_v to_o court_n upon_o by-errand_n and_o private_a design_n of_o their_o own_o they_o ordain_v that_o no_o bishop_n shall_v go_v to_o court_n unless_o either_o immediate_o summon_v by_o the_o emperor_n letter_n or_o that_o their_o assistance_n be_v require_v to_o help_v the_o oppress_a to_o right_a widow_n and_o orphan_n and_o to_o rescue_v they_o from_o the_o unjust_a grasp_n of_o potent_a and_o merciless_a oppressor_n and_o that_o in_o these_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v ready_a either_o by_o themselves_o or_o some_o depute_a by_o they_o to_o present_v their_o petition_n to_o plead_v their_o cause_n and_o to_o lend_v they_o all_o the_o assistance_n they_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v i_o shall_v not_o in_o this_o place_n have_v take_v any_o notice_n how_o far_o the_o ancient_a christian_n be_v from_o murder_n and_o offer_v violence_n to_o any_o man_n life_n but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a charge_n bring_v against_o they_o by_o the_o gentile_n that_o they_o use_v to_o kill_v and_o devour_v a_o infant_n at_o their_o christian_a meeting_n especial_o when_o any_o be_v first_o to_o be_v initiate_v into_o their_o assembly_n the_o story_n be_v thus_o dress_v up_o by_o the_o acute_a heathen_a in_o m._n foelix_fw-la vid._n a_o infant_n be_v cover_v all_o over_o with_o meal_n 9_o the_o better_a to_o deceive_v the_o unwary_a be_v set_v before_o he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v initiate_v and_o take_v in_o he_o ignorant_a of_o what_o it_o real_o be_v be_v appoint_v to_o cut_v it_o up_o which_o he_o effectual_o do_v by_o many_o secret_a and_o mortal_a wound_n whereupon_o they_o greedy_o lick_v
proconsul_n that_o as_o bad_o as_o they_o be_v use_v yet_o they_o cease_v not_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o overthrow_n and_o expulsion_n of_o the_o common_a enemy_n for_o seasonable_a shower_n and_o either_o for_o the_o remove_n or_o mitigate_a public_a evil_n beg_v of_o god_n day_n and_o night_n with_o the_o great_a instance_n and_o importunity_n for_o the_o peace_n and_o safety_n of_o their_o persecutor_n endeavour_v to_o pacify_v and_o propitiate_v god_n who_o be_v angry_a with_o the_o iniquity_n of_o the_o age_n nor_o be_v they_o thus_o kind_a and_o good_a nature_a thus_o submissive_a and_o patient_a for_o want_v of_o power_n and_o because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o help_v it_o 30._o tertullian_n answer_v in_o this_o case_n that_o if_o they_o think_v it_o lawful_a to_o return_v evil_a for_o evil_n they_o can_v in_o one_o night_n with_o a_o few_o firebrand_n plentiful_o revenge_v themselves_o that_o they_o be_v no_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a party_n and_o that_o they_o need_v not_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o little_a art_n of_o skulk_a revenge_n be_v able_a to_o appear_v in_o the_o capacity_n of_o open_a enemy_n that_o though_o but_o of_o yesterday_n stand_v yet_o they_o have_v fill_v all_o place_n all_o office_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o what_o war_n be_v not_o they_o able_a to_o manage_v who_o can_v so_o willing_o give_v up_o themselves_o to_o be_v slay_v do_v not_o the_o law_n of_o christianity_n oblige_v they_o to_o be_v kill_v rather_o than_o to_o kill_v nay_o that_o they_o need_v not_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o rebel_n for_o their_o party_n be_v so_o numerous_a that_o shall_v they_o but_o agree_v together_o to_o leave_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o to_o go_v into_o some_o remote_a corner_n of_o the_o world_n the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o member_n will_v utter_o ruin_v it_o and_o they_o will_v stand_v amaze_v and_o affright_v at_o that_o solitude_n and_o desolation_n that_o will_v ensue_v upon_o it_o and_o have_v more_o enemy_n than_o loyal_a subject_n leave_v among_o they_o whereas_o now_o they_o have_v the_o few_o enemy_n for_o have_v so_o many_o christian_n the_o christian_n than_o oppose_v not_o their_o enemy_n with_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n but_o with_o solid_a argument_n and_o mild_a entreaty_n 94._o thus_o when_o julian_n the_o emperor_n urge_v his_o army_n which_o be_v almost_o whole_o make_v up_o of_o christian_n to_o wicked_a counsel_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o idolatry_n they_o withstand_v he_o only_o with_o prayer_n and_o tear_n account_v this_o say_v my_o author_n to_o be_v the_o only_a remedy_n against_o persecution_n so_o far_o be_v they_o from_o resist_v or_o rebel_n that_o they_o can_v quiet_o die_v at_o the_o emperor_n command_n even_o when_o they_o have_v power_n lie_v at_o their_o foot_n i_o can_v in_o this_o place_n omit_v the_o memorable_a instance_n of_o the_o thebaean_a legion_n be_v so_o exceed_o apposite_a and_o pertinent_a to_o my_o purpose_n etc._n and_o so_o remarkable_a as_o no_o age_n can_v furnish_v out_o such_o another_o instance_n i_o shall_v set_v down_o the_o story_n entire_o out_o of_o the_o author_n himself_o the_o account_n of_o their_o martyrdom_n write_v by_o eucherius_n bishop_n of_o lion_n who_o assure_v we_o he_o receive_v the_o relation_n from_o very_o credible_a hand_n 1618._o and_o it_o be_v thus_o maximianus_n caesar_n who_o dioclesian_n have_v late_o take_v to_o be_v his_o colleague_n in_o the_o empire_n a_o bad_a man_n and_o a_o bitter_a persecutor_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v send_v into_o france_n to_o suppress_v a_o mutiny_n and_o rebellion_n rise_v there_o to_o strengthen_v his_o army_n there_o be_v add_v to_o it_o a_o band_n of_o christian_n call_v the_o thebaean_a legion_n consist_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_n of_o six_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o sixty_o six_o faithful_a expert_a and_o resolute_a soldier_n come_v to_o octodurus_n a_o place_n in_o savoy_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o god_n he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o come_v together_o and_o command_v they_o under_o a_o great_a penalty_n to_o swear_v by_o the_o altar_n of_o their_o god_n that_o they_o will_v unanimous_o fight_v against_o their_o enemy_n and_o persecute_v the_o christian_n as_o enemy_n to_o the_o god_n which_o the_o thebaean_a legion_n no_o soon_o understand_v but_o they_o present_o withdraw_v to_o agaunum_n a_o place_n eight_o mile_n off_o call_v at_o this_o day_n s._n mauritzs_n from_o mauricius_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o legion_n a_o place_n equal_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a be_v encompass_v about_o with_o craggy_a and_o inaccessible_a rock_n to_o avoid_v if_o it_o may_v be_v the_o wicked_a and_o sacrilegious_a command_n and_o to_o refresh_v themselves_o tire_v with_o so_o long_a a_o march_n but_o the_o emperor_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o army_n as_o they_o come_v to_o swear_v quick_o miss_v the_o legion_n and_o be_v angry_a send_v officer_n to_o they_o to_o require_v they_o forthwith_o to_o do_v it_o who_o inquire_v what_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v command_v to_o do_v be_v tell_v by_o the_o messenger_n that_o all_o the_o soldier_n have_v offer_v sacrifice_n and_o have_v take_v the_o forementioned_a oath_n and_o that_o caesar_n command_v they_o to_o return_v present_o and_o do_v the_o like_a to_o who_o the_o head_n of_o the_o legion_n mild_o answer_v that_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o leave_v octodurus_n because_o they_o have_v hear_v they_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o sacrifice_v that_o be_v christian_n and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v defile_v with_o the_o altar_n of_o devil_n they_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o worship_v the_o live_a god_n and_o to_o keep_v that_o religion_n which_o they_o have_v entertain_v in_o the_o east_n to_o the_o last_o hour_n of_o their_o life_n that_o as_o they_o be_v a_o legion_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o any_o service_n of_o the_o war_n but_o to_o return_v to_o he_o to_o commit_v sacrilege_n as_o he_o command_v they_o can_v not_o yield_v with_o this_o answer_n the_o messenger_n return_v and_o tell_v the_o emperor_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o obey_v his_o command_n who_o be_v transport_v with_o anger_n begin_v thus_o to_o vent_v his_o passion_n do_v my_o soldier_n think_v thus_o to_o sleight_v my_o royal_a order_n and_o the_o holy_a rite_n of_o my_o religion_n have_v they_o only_o despise_v the_o imperial_a majesty_n it_o will_v have_v call_v for_o public_a vengeance_n but_o together_o with_o the_o contempt_n of_o i_o a_o affront_n be_v offer_v to_o heaven_n and_o the_o roman_a religion_n be_v as_o much_o despise_v as_o i_o be_o let_v the_o obstinate_a soldier_n know_v that_o i_o be_o not_o only_o able_a to_o vindicate_v myself_o but_o to_o revenge_v the_o quarrel_n of_o my_o god_n let_v my_o faithful_a servant_n make_v haste_n and_o dispatch_v every_o ten_o man_n according_a as_o the_o fatal_a lot_n shall_v fall_v upon_o he_o by_o this_o equal_a death_n let_v those_o who_o lot_n it_o shall_v be_v to_o die_v first_o know_v how_o able_a maximian_n be_v severe_o to_o revenge_n both_o himself_o and_o his_o god_n with_o that_o the_o command_n be_v give_v the_o executioner_n send_v the_o emperor_n pleasure_n make_v know_v and_o every_o ten_o man_n be_v put_v to_o death_n who_o cheerful_o offer_v their_o neck_n to_o the_o executioner_n and_o the_o only_a contention_n among_o they_o be_v who_o shall_v first_o undergo_v that_o glorious_a death_n this_o do_v the_o legion_n be_v command_v to_o return_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n whereupon_o mauritius_n the_o general_n of_o the_o legion_n call_v it_o a_o little_a aside_o thus_o bespeak_v they_o i_o congratulate_v most_o excellent_a fellow-soldier_n your_o courage_n and_o valour_n that_o for_o the_o love_n of_o religion_n the_o command_n of_o caesar_n have_v make_v no_o impression_n upon_o you_o you_o have_v see_v your_o fellow-soldier_n with_o mind_n full_a of_o joy_n undergo_a a_o glorious_a death_n how_o much_o afraid_a be_v i_o lest_o be_v arm_v and_o how_o easy_a be_v it_o for_o such_o to_o do_v so_o you_o shall_v under_o a_o pretence_n of_o defend_v they_o have_v endeavour_v to_o hinder_v their_o happy_a funeral_n see_v i_o be_o encompass_v round_o with_o the_o body_n of_o my_o fellow-soldier_n who_o the_o dismal_a executioner_n have_v tear_v from_o my_o side_n i_o be_o besprinkle_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o saint_n my_o clothes_n die_v with_o the_o relic_n of_o their_o sacred_a blood_n and_o shall_v i_o doubt_v to_o follow_v their_o death_n who_o example_n i_o so_o much_o congratulate_v and_o admire_v shall_v i_o concern_v myself_o to_o think_v what_o the_o emperor_n command_v who_o be_v equal_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n of_o mortality_n with_o myself_o i_o remember_v we_o once_o take_v this_o military_a oath_n that_o with_o the_o utmost_a hazard_n of_o our_o
the_o time_n of_o penance_n may_v be_v shorten_v in_o what_o sense_n communion_n be_v deny_v by_o some_o ancient_a canon_n to_o penitent_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o death_n this_o discipline_n administer_v primary_o by_o bishop_n by_o his_o leave_n presbyter_n and_o in_o necessity_n deacon_n may_v absolve_v the_o public_a penitentiary_n when_o and_o why_o institute_v when_o and_o why_o lay_v aside_o penitent_n take_v into_o communion_n by_o martyr_n and_o confessor_n this_o power_n abuse_v to_o excess_n cyprian_n complaint_n of_o the_o excessive_a number_n of_o libel_n of_o peace_n grant_v by_o the_o martyr_n to_o the_o lapse_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o form_n of_o these_o pacifick_n libel_n exemplify_v out_o of_o cyprian_a other_o sort_n of_o libel_n the_o libellatici_fw-la who_o thurificati_fw-la several_a sort_n of_o libellatici_fw-la the_o libellatici_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v their_o manner_n of_o address_n to_o the_o heathen_a magistrate_n to_o procure_v their_o exemption_n from_o sacrifice_v that_o they_o do_v not_o private_o deny_v christ_n prove_v against_o baronius_n the_o piety_n and_o purity_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n matter_n of_o just_a admiration_n have_v travel_v through_o the_o several_a stage_n of_o the_o subject_n i_o have_v undertake_v i_o shall_v here_o have_v end_v my_o journey_n but_o that_o there_o one_o thing_n remain_v which_o be_v not_o proper_o reducible_a under_o any_o particular_a head_n be_v of_o a_o general_a relation_n to_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o be_v to_o consider_v what_o discipline_n be_v use_v towards_o offender_n in_o the_o ancient_a church_n only_o premise_v this_o that_o the_o christian_a church_n be_v found_v and_o establish_v by_o christ_n as_o a_o society_n and_o corporation_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v by_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o its_o constitution_n beside_o what_o positive_a ground_n and_o warrant_v there_o may_v be_v for_o it_o in_o scripture_n invest_v with_o a_o inherent_a power_n beside_o what_o be_v borrow_v from_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n of_o censure_v and_o punish_v its_o member_n that_o offend_v against_o the_o law_n of_o it_o and_o this_o in_o order_n to_o the_o maintain_v its_o peace_n and_o purity_n for_o without_o such_o a_o fundamental_a power_n as_o this_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o as_o a_o society_n it_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o subsist_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o a_o community_n necessary_o imply_v such_o a_o right_n inherent_a in_o it_o now_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n what_o this_o power_n be_v and_o how_o exercise_v in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o church_n we_o shall_v consider_v these_o four_o thing_n what_o be_v the_o usual_a crime_n that_o come_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n what_o penalty_n be_v inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n in_o what_o manner_n offender_n be_v deal_v with_o and_o by_o who_o this_o discipline_n be_v administer_v first_o what_o the_o usual_a crime_n and_o offence_n be_v which_o come_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n in_o the_o general_n they_o be_v any_o offence_n against_o the_o christian_a law_n any_o vice_n or_o immorality_n that_o be_v either_o public_a in_o itself_o or_o make_v know_v and_o make_v good_a to_o the_o church_n for_o the_o holy_a and_o good_a christian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v infinite_o careful_a to_o keep_v the_o honour_n of_o their_o religion_n unspotted_a to_o stifle_v every_o sin_n in_o its_o birth_n and_o by_o bring_v offender_n to_o public_a shame_n and_o penalty_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o propagate_a the_o malignant_a influence_n of_o a_o bad_a example_n for_o this_o reason_n they_o watch_v over_o one_o another_o tell_v they_o private_o of_o their_o fault_n and_o failure_n and_o when_o that_o will_v not_o do_v bring_v they_o before_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o reckon_v up_o particular_a crime_n when_o none_o be_v spare_v only_o because_o in_o those_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o violent_a heat_n of_o persecution_n the_o great_a temptation_n which_o the_o weak_a and_o more_o unsettled_a christian_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v to_o deny_v their_o profession_n and_o to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o heathen-god_n therefore_o lapse_v into_o idolatry_n be_v the_o most_o common_a sin_n that_o come_v before_o they_o and_o of_o this_o they_o have_v very_o frequent_a instance_n it_o be_v that_o which_o for_o some_o age_n main_o exercise_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n this_o sin_n of_o idolatry_n or_o deny_v christ_n in_o those_o time_n be_v usual_o commit_v these_o three_o way_n sometime_o by_o expose_v the_o scripture_n to_o the_o rage_n and_o malice_n of_o their_o enemy_n which_o be_v account_v a_o virtual_a renounce_v christianity_n this_o be_v especial_o remarkable_a under_o the_o diocletian_a persecution_n in_o the_o african_a church_n for_o diocletian_a have_v put_v forth_o a_o edict_n that_o christian_n shall_v deliver_v up_o their_o scripture_n and_o the_o write_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v burn_v this_o command_n be_v prosecute_v with_o great_a rigour_n and_o fierceness_n and_o many_o christian_n to_o avoid_v the_o storm_n deliver_v up_o their_o bibles_n to_o the_o scorn_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o enemy_n hence_o they_o be_v style_v traditores_fw-la of_o who_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n in_o optatus_n and_o s._n augustin_n with_o who_o the_o orthodox_n refuse_v to_o join_v after_o the_o persecution_n be_v over_o the_o difference_n break_v out_o into_o schism_n and_o faction_n and_o give_v birth_n to_o that_o unhappy_a sect_n of_o the_o donatist_n which_o so_o much_o exercise_v the_o christian_a church_n otherwhile_o christian_n become_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n by_o actual_a sacrifice_a or_o worship_v idol_n these_o be_v call_v thurificati_fw-la from_o their_o burn_a incense_n upon_o the_o altar_n of_o the_o heathen_a deity_n and_o be_v the_o gross_a and_o vile_a sort_n of_o idolater_n other_o again_o fall_v into_o this_o sin_n by_o base_o corrupt_v the_o heathen_a magistrate_n and_o purchase_v a_o warrant_n of_o security_n from_o he_o to_o exempt_v they_o from_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o sacrifice_v and_o deny_v christ_n these_o be_v call_v libellatici_fw-la of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o afterward_o second_o what_o penalty_n and_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n and_o they_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n which_o as_o it_o transact_v only_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n so_o it_o can_v inflict_v no_o other_o than_o spiritual_a censure_n and_o chastisement_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o the_o first_o age_n especial_o the_o apostle_n have_v a_o power_n to_o inflict_v bodily_a punishment_n upon_o offender_n which_o they_o sometime_o make_v use_n of_o upon_o great_a occasion_n as_o s._n peter_n do_v towards_o ananias_n and_o saphira_n strike_v they_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n for_o their_o notorious_a cozenage_n and_o gross_a hypocrisy_n and_o s._n paul_n punish_v elymas_n with_o blindness_n for_o his_o perverse_a and_o malicious_a opposition_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o this_o doubtless_o he_o primary_o intend_v by_o his_o deliver_v over_o person_n unto_o satan_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o excommunicate_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o faithful_a but_o satan_n as_o the_o common_a sergeant_n and_o jailor_n seize_v upon_o they_o and_o either_o by_o actual_a possess_n or_o some_o other_o sign_n upon_o their_o body_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v deliver_v over_o into_o his_o power_n this_o can_v not_o but_o strike_v a_o mighty_a terror_n into_o man_n and_o make_v they_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n and_o questionless_a the_o main_a design_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n in_o afford_v this_o extraordinary_a gift_n be_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o civil_a and_o coercive_a power_n of_o which_o the_o church_n be_v then_o whole_o destitute_a and_o therefore_o need_v some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a assistance_n especial_o at_o its_o first_o constitution_n some_o visible_a and_o sensible_a punishment_n to_o keep_v its_o sentence_n and_o determination_n from_o be_v slight_v by_o bold_a and_o contumacious_a offender_n how_o long_o this_o miraculous_a power_n last_v in_o the_o church_n i_o know_v not_o or_o whether_o at_o all_o beyond_o the_o apostle_n age_n the_o common_a and_o stand_a penalty_n they_o make_v use_v of_o be_v excommunication_n or_o suspension_n from_o communion_n with_o the_o church_n the_o cut_v off_o and_o cast_v out_o a_o offend_a person_n as_o a_o rot_a and_o infect_a member_n till_o by_o repentance_n and_o wholesome_a discipline_n he_o be_v cure_v and_o restore_v and_o then_o he_o be_v readmit_v into_o church-society_n and_o to_o a_o participation_n of_o the_o ordinance_n and_o privilege_n of_o christianity_n this_o way_n of_o punish_v
up_o the_o blood_n and_o ravenous_o tear_v off_o and_o snatch_v away_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o and_o with_o this_o sacrifice_n their_o confederacy_n and_o combination_n be_v make_v and_o by_o the_o conscience_n of_o so_o great_a a_o villainy_n they_o be_v mutual_o oblige_v to_o silence_n such_o sacred_a rite_n as_o these_o being_n more_o horrid_a and_o barbarous_a than_o the_o high_a sacrilege_n in_o the_o world_n to_o this_o monstrous_a and_o horrid_a charge_n the_o christian_n return_v these_o answer_n that_o they_o appeal_v to_o the_o common_a faith_n of_o mankind_n 8._o whether_o they_o can_v real_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o these_o thing_n â—5_n so_o abhorrent_n to_o all_o the_o principle_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o to_o the_o christian_n know_v principle_n and_o practice_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o they_o shall_v measure_v the_o christian_n by_o themselves_o and_o if_o they_o themselves_o can_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o such_o thing_n they_o shall_v not_o suspect_v it_o by_o the_o christian_n who_o be_v endue_v with_o the_o same_o principle_n of_o humanity_n with_o other_o man_n that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v friend_n to_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n ibid._n that_o they_o hold_v it_o unlawful_a to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o gladiatory_a sport_n where_o man_n life_n be_v so_o want_v only_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o curiosity_n of_o the_o people_n 9_o that_o they_o account_v it_o murder_v for_o any_o woman_n by_o evil_a art_n to_o procure_v abortion_n to_o stifle_v the_o embryo_n to_o kill_v a_o child_n in_o a_o manner_n before_o it_o be_v alive_a it_o be_v much_o at_o one_o to_o hinder_v life_n as_o to_o take_v it_o away_o to_o kill_v a_o man_n or_o destroy_v what_o will_v be_v one_o see_v he_o true_o destroy_v the_o fruit_n that_o kill_v it_o in_o the_o seed_n 10._o that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a they_o shall_v delight_v in_o man_n blood_n who_o never_o taste_v any_o blood_n at_o all_o abstain_v from_o thing_n strangle_v and_o from_o blood_n and_o that_o the_o very_a heathen_n themselves_o confess_v this_o when_o among_o the_o several_a art_n they_o use_v to_o discover_v whether_o man_n be_v christian_n they_o use_v to_o offer_v they_o bladder_n full_a of_o blood_n know_v that_o they_o hold_v it_o unlawful_a to_o taste_v any_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v mighty_o improbable_a they_o shall_v thirst_v after_o humane_a blood_n who_o abhor_v even_o the_o blood_n of_o beast_n that_o they_o hearty_o believe_v the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a ibid._n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o make_v themselves_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o those_o body_n which_o be_v to_o rise_v again_o and_o feed_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o do_v upon_o other_o body_n which_o be_v to_o have_v no_o resurrection_n that_o the_o truth_n be_v if_o this_o charge_n be_v true_a of_o any_o it_o be_v true_a only_o of_o the_o gentile_n themselves_o among_o who_o these_o thing_n be_v daily_o allow_v and_o practise_v that_o saturn_n one_o of_o their_o chief_a deity_n do_v not_o only_o expose_v but_o eat_v his_o own_o child_n to_o he_o infant_n in_o africa_n be_v offer_v in_o sacrifice_n by_o their_o own_o parent_n a_o custom_n that_o open_o continue_v till_o the_o proconsul-ship_n of_o tiberius_n which_o though_o he_o abolish_v it_o yet_o it_o continue_v still_o in_o corner_n in_o tertullia_n day_n ibid._n to_o his_o son_n jupiter_n they_o offer_v humane_a sacrifice_n even_o in_o rome_n itself_o and_o that_o even_o to_o the_o time_n of_o m._n foelix_n as_o he_o himself_o testify_v ibid._n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o porphyry_n himself_o after_o he_o have_v reckon_v up_o in_o how_o many_o part_n of_o the_o world_n humane_a sacrifice_n be_v in_o use_n confess_v be_v do_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o jupiter_n latialis_n even_o in_o his_o time_n 95._o many_o other_o instance_n of_o such_o barbarous_a practice_n be_v there_o produce_v by_o those_o two_o apologist_n which_o they_o urge_v with_o great_a advantage_n upon_o their_o adversary_n who_o they_o challenge_v to_o make_v any_o such_o thing_n good_a against_o they_o and_o no_o soon_o do_v discipline_n begin_v to_o be_v regular_o settle_v but_o their_o principle_n herein_o be_v every_o where_o confirm_v by_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n 22._o either_o private_a or_o public_a the_o woman_n that_o industrious_o make_v herself_o miscarry_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n 3â—_n and_o condemn_v to_o the_o same_o punishment_n 1._o a_o ten_o year_n penance_n which_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v the_o case_n of_o any_o that_o bring_v forth_o upon_o the_o way_n and_o expose_v her_o infant_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n make_v by_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n whosoever_o whether_o man_n or_o woman_n kill_v a_o infant_n be_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o capital_a punishment_n as_o if_o he_o have_v kill_v a_o adult_n person_n which_o may_v very_o well_o be_v understand_v even_o of_o infant_n kill_v in_o the_o womb_n the_o punishment_n whereof_o be_v former_o for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o more_o than_o banishment_n he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o wilful_a murder_n be_v by_o s._n basil_n rule_n to_o undergo_v a_o twenty_o year_n penance_n before_o he_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o sacrament_n 36._o though_o by_o several_a passage_n in_o tertullian_n it_o appear_v that_o homicide_n in_o his_o time_n be_v more_o severe_o treat_v by_o the_o church_n for_o they_o be_v not_o only_o bind_v to_o a_o perpetual_a penance_n but_o be_v not_o absolve_v at_o death_n but_o this_o severity_n short_o after_o begin_v to_o relax_v and_o such_o person_n though_o oblige_v to_o act_n of_o repentance_n all_o their_o life_n yet_o at_o death_n be_v absolve_v and_o admit_v to_o communion_n as_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o ancyran_n council_n 22._o thus_o clear_a do_v the_o christian_n all_o along_o stand_v from_o any_o just_a suspicion_n of_o that_o gross_a piece_n of_o inhumanity_n which_o their_o enemy_n so_o confident_o charge_v upon_o they_o as_o for_o the_o rise_n and_o occasion_n of_o this_o malicious_a charge_n it_o be_v doubtless_o of_o the_o same_o growth_n with_o that_o of_o their_o incestuous_a mixture_n speak_v of_o before_o both_o spring_a from_o the_o abominable_a practice_n of_o some_o filthy_a heretic_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o name_n of_o christian_n epiphanius_n particular_o report_v of_o the_o gnostic_n what_o the_o heathen_n general_o charge_v upon_o the_o christian_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o they_o quintilian_n that_o at_o their_o meeting_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o take_v a_o infant_n beget_v in_o their_o promiscuous_a mixture_n and_o beat_v it_o in_o a_o mortar_n 7._o to_o season_v it_o with_o honey_n and_o pepper_n and_o some_o other_o spice_n and_o perfume_n to_o make_v it_o palatable_a and_o then_o like_a swine_n or_o dog_n to_o devour_v it_o and_o then_o to_o conclude_v all_o with_o prayer_n constant_a and_o this_o they_o account_v their_o perfect_a pass-ove_a 76._o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o a_o learned_a man_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n believe_v that_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_a heretic_n do_v ever_o arrive_v to_o so_o much_o barbarousness_n and_o immanity_n as_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o such_o thing_n and_o conceive_v they_o to_o have_v be_v feign_v mere_o out_o of_o hatred_n to_o those_o pestilent_a heretic_n but_o there_o be_v little_a reason_n to_o suspect_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o epiphanius_n assure_v we_o 48._o that_o he_o have_v the_o account_n that_o he_o give_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o gnostic_n themselves_o and_o that_o many_o of_o the_o woman_n who_o be_v deceive_v into_o those_o abominable_a error_n do_v not_o only_o discover_v these_o thing_n to_o he_o but_o that_o he_o himself_o in_o his_o young_a year_n while_o he_o be_v in_o egypt_n have_v be_v assault_v by_o they_o and_o by_o all_o the_o art_n of_o flattery_n and_o persuasion_n of_o wantonness_n and_o immdesty_n have_v be_v set_v upon_o to_o join_v himself_o to_o they_o and_o certain_o it_o be_v not_o imaginable_a that_o a_o person_n so_o venerable_a for_o learning_n and_o piety_n as_o epiphanius_n be_v shall_v impose_v upon_o we_o by_o feign_v so_o gross_a and_o notorious_a a_o falsehood_n beside_o whoever_o read_v irenaeus_n in_o who_o time_n these_o heresy_n be_v most_o riâ—e_a and_o predominant_a and_o consider_v the_o account_n that_o he_o give_v of_o they_o which_o he_o main_o receive_v from_o person_n of_o their_o own_o party_n after_o they_o be_v return_v back_o to_o the_o church_n will_v see_v little_a reason_n either_o to_o think_v any_o wickedness_n too_o great_a for_o they_o to_o boggle_v at_o or_o to_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o he_o report_v concern_v they_o chap._n ii_o of_o their_o admirable_a love_n and_o charity_n the_o excellent_a temper_n of_o the_o