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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
power_n	india_n	portugal_n	trade_v	32	3	16.1488	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A67213	The humble petition and remonstrance of Richrd [sic] Wylde, merchant and adventurer in the East-India trade laying open the many wilfull neglects, ill-managed actions and improvident courses, the governors and committees of the East-India Company, have heretofore, and still do practice in all their way of trade to the East-Indies, to the exceeding great prejudice of the adventurer and nation in generall. Together with a narrative of the principall wrongs and injuries the Dutch have barbarously perpetrated upon the persons, ships and goods of the company in Amboyna, and other parts of India, as also the manner of trade to Potugals [sic] heretofore, and now the Dutch have, and doe practise, to their exceeding great increase of stock which our company would never be perswaded to follow, in so full and ample manner as they ought to have done.	[Wylde, Richard]	1654 (1654)	Wing W3768; ESTC R221267	33,791	50

to the State for suppose a Committee-man of 300 l. adventure buyeth a parcell of Pepper worth 10000 l. which he shippeth out within 12. months according to the former evill Custom whereby he hath 2 d. in the pound Impost returned which comes to 1666 l. 13 s. 4 d. whereas his due is but 33 l. 65. 8. the Impost of 300. pounds worth of Pepper whereby this Committee-man gains in one year almost five times his whole adventure and so proportionably if he buy for 20. 30. 50. or 100. thousand pounds worth of Pepper as some men have often bought to the great inriching of themselves without any advantage at all to the Company in generall and great loss to the State for these many years past which may be for the future remedied This being one prime reason that so many Aldermen and great rich men become Committe-men and are Buyers and Sellers of their own Commodities at their own prices and long time with rebate for 8. moneths for every 6. moneths a notorious abuse to the generall Adventurers as I have said else-where and may be worthy your Honours and States consideration in prevention of future abuses in this kind It is not so with the Merchant that tradeth into other parts if he bring in a Commodity that finds not that vent for it here as he can have else-where shippeth out again all or part receives back the Impost he himself formerly paid which is but just but these Committee-men of the East-India Company receive back the Impost not onely of what concerns their own proportion of stock but even what the whole body of Adventurers did formerly pay and wherein they themselves had no reall interest an abuse worthy reformation for the future as having bin some years 40. or 50000l loss and more to the State as will appear upon the examination of their Accounts By the foregoing discourse your Highness may in part see The improvident way of trade which our Grandees have practised appears in neglaect of trade from Port to Port in India it self the improvident way of trade those great and wise men did run even when they had so large and plentifull means as was that of the second and great Joynt Stock But when your Highness shall consider how wilfully negligent they have been of the trade between Port and Port in India it self you will with admiration wonder that such wise and understanding Merchants as they were should commit such gross errours if not done on purpose to ruine the Action which that your Highness may the better apprehend and see the difference between the immediate trade from England to Surratt and Muslapatan and thence back again for England and that of one or two years imployment between Surratt or Muslapatan and the Southern parts as to Bantham Acheen Macassar c. and thence back again to Surrat or Muslapatan and so for England Suppose there be twenty thousand pound in Rialls of Eight To the sending 20000 l. to Surrat there to be invested in Goods for England may yeild here 23000 l. and Goods sent to Surrat or Muslapatan which might yeild there five or six thousand pounds profit allowing 2000 l. to defray charges there and there remains 23000 l. to be invested in Indico and Callicoes c. which sent directly for England might according to accustomed computation have yeilded here three for one or 69 thousand pounds from which allow 15 thousand pounds for fraight assurance forbearance of their money customes and other charges and there remains 34 thousand pounds clearly gained a faire recompence if no unhappy loss befall it but if that 23000 l. But invested in Goods for the Southwards and then reinvested in Goods for Surrat again and then for Engl. would have made here 216000 l. in Surrat had been invested in Commodities fitting Macassar Acheen Janiby and Bantham would have yeilded two for one at least clear of all charges or 46 thousand pounds which again re-invested in Cloves Maces Nutmegs Lignum Allois Turtle shells Camphir Benjamin China roots Pepper and other Druggs would have made in Surrat and Persia at least two for one more or 92000 l. from which allow 20000 l. for customes c. charges and there had remained 72000 l. to be invested in Indico Callicoes c. for England which at three for one is here 216000 l. a large Recompence for one or two years stay longer in India all which as a reall truth will appear by their own Accounts and the testimony of their Servants that have been in those imployments This was the manner of trade used by the Portugalls and Dutch to their exceeding great profit as appeared to all the world yet would our Court of Committees not be perswaded thereunto untill of late yeares when Trade was overlaid by the Dutch and Shame and the urgent pressures of The trade from Port to Port is that which made the Portugall now the Dutch to thrive Mr. Smithwick and others upon my information of the trade of India began to look more narrowly into their improvident waies and neglect of trade did inforce them thereunto Having thus far inlarged m discourse on the want of stock in India ill managing of that little sent out with an overcharge of Shipping without imployment for them I will proceed to that of Persia I am now come to discourse of that no less rich than profitable trade for Silk of Persia wherein I must ingenuously The trade for Silk of Persia cause of the loss of the Mollucca Islands and all the best trades of India China and Japon confess I was in a Labyrinth of admiration and wonderment when I considered the many inconveniences and mischiefs which the ruine of this trade hath brought upon that of the East Indies inparticular and the Common-wealth in generall had it fallen alone and perisht upon its own ruines it had been a most heavy loss to this Nation but to be the means and the cause of the loss of all the Mollucca Islands and with them the best of the trade of India China and Japon to the unspeakable prejudice of the Adventurers in the several Joynt Stocks is worthy due consideration For the East India Action strengthened with that great and powerfull means as was the second Joynt Stock was The second Joint Stock was able to have carried all the trade of India against Portugall and Dut. if rightly managed able if wisely managed to have carryed all the best of the Mollucca Islands and other trades in India China and Japon in despight of all the force the Portugals or Dutch could have set in opposition had it not met with many evil disposed people of their own Society bound by Oath and publique Trust to advance that Action to the utmost of their power and best endeavours Such were the Portugall Merchants who that they might have The Portugal Merchants enemies to our Company trading for India have the furnishing of England with all

sorts of Spices Indico and other India Commodities as heretofore did rather desire the Portugall might hold that Trade to themselves as in former times Such also were the Merchant Adventurers who besides So also were the Du●ch Merchants more interessed in the Dutch Action than in ours many of them more interest in the Dutch Action than the English rather desired the Dutch should injoy the whole trade of India than the English or Portugals that so they might have Spices and other India Commodities wherein to make returns in a more profitable way than by exchange as they do to loss Yet were both these of little or no consideration setting The Company unwilling to plant themselves in India because the State would place Governors and Commanders therein as in other Plantations apart that generall dislike that the State should have any power or command in their Plantations in respect of the Turkey Merchants who would that neither the Portugals Dutch nor English might injoy those so rich trades of India c. much less that of the Silk of Persia that they onely might supply England and other parts with all those fore-mentioned Commodities from Alexandria especially with the Silk of Persia from Alleppo Smyrna and other Ports of Turkey Nor did these rest here onely for they seeing that if the Their feare of b●inging the S●lk of Pe●sis by way of Ind●a was the onely cause of the ●●ss of the trade of India trade of India did prosper and go on in a thriving way that Stock in few years would be able to bring all the Silk of Persia by way of India rather than which the whole trade of India with all thereunto belonging must be lost and that great Joynt Stock consumed in a most improvident way of trade as before related that so they might as they did discourage and weary out all the Nobility Geutry Widdowes and Orphans interessed therein to sell off their Adventures at To which end they st●engthen thems●l●●s with th● greater number of Committees of their company h● better to over-rule all at their pleasure half their value to themselves as I said before And the better to carry on this design for ruining the trade of India and Stock they strengthen themselves with Governours Deputies and most of Committees of their own Society of Turkey Merchants that upon all occasions they might over-rule all opposition as they did that most noble and brave proposition of Sir Robert Sherley for setling the staple of that rich Commodity of silke in England A thing so much desired of the King of Persia to divert the great Revenue the Grand Senior his mortall enemy made by the Customes c. of the said Silk in hopes whereof and in consideration of the aid the English gave him against the Portugals in surprising the Island and City of Ormus he granted to the Nation those many and great Priviledges such as the Nation injoyes in no part of the World besides All The great priviledges the K. of Persia granted the English almost lost to the Nation which they have so neglected with that so commodious Contract made with the King of Persia that in a manner both Trade and Priviledges are of little value or consideration at this day in respect of what they might have been if rightly managed Be pleased here also to observe the most unjust and dishonest They oppose Sir R. Sherley's Propositions for setling the Staple of silk in England in prejudice of the Company and Common-wealth carriage of their businesse in opposition to the said Sir Robert Sherley so notoriously contrary to the true interest of the East India Action that nothing was or could be proposed as more advantagious to the said Company than was that of setling the Staple of the Silk of Persia in England yet did that over-ruling power of Turkey Merchants not onely procure an Ambassadour from Persia into England but so prevailed with the late King to send another from hence with the said Sir Robert Sherley into Persia at the great and The charge whereof did properly belong to the Turkey Company and not to that of East India vast charge of the East India Company which did properly belong to the Turkey Company whose interest it really was and so far from prejudice to the East India Company as nothing could be more advantagious to them nor more honourable to the State and Common-wealth of England than would that Staple of Silk have been if rightly managed to its best advantage as I shall make appear in my following discourse Having in some measure shewed your Highnesse the evil affection of severall Committees in that Government but especially of that of the Turkey Merchants I will briefly lay down the manner of the said Companies complying with that Contract made with the said King of Persia in the best of times by the yearly Stock sent thither from England during my abode in India not at all or very little inlarged since except one yeare in Tinne acommodity of least expence lay therefore many yeares before it was quite spent Hereby any judicious man may easily perceive their Good affection to that Trade which done I will shew your Highnes how commodious rich and profitable that Trade would have bin to that company in particular and yet may be to the whole Common-wealth in generall if rightly setled and managed to its best advantage viz. Stock sent into Persia in sixe yeares of my time very little increased since   Li. In Anno 1624. was sent to Persia Stock 6225 In Anno 1625. was sent in Money and Goods 3445 In Anno 16●6 in Goods and Moneys 39265 In Anno 1627. in Goods and Moneys 4077 In Anno 1628. in Goods and Moneys 6040. In Anno 1629. Nothing   In six years was sent in Stock 59412. Here the Annuall Investments for Persia from England in six yeares one year excepted was scarce sufficient to Scarce enough to maintain their Factors expence on shore maintain the great charge and expence in that high Port their Factors lived at which considered there will appear little Stock remaining to be invested in Silk And this if your Highnesse please to observe in the best of times when Silk was worth from four Nobles to thirty Shillings a pound at which prices there had been gained at least three and a half for one which would have advanced their stock very much beyond their desires which had our Company imbraced in any reasonable manner if not to the full as they might have done with that great Stock then in being two years imployment 300000l ●tock would have brought all the Silk of Persia into England every yeare of 300 thousand pounds in the manner I shall by and by lay down would so far have inlarged that Stock as should not onely have been able to bring all that Silk into England have made this City the Staple of that Commodity for all Europe but have

carried all or the greater part of the trade of India China and Japon to the exceeding great advance of this Action and inriching of this Common-wealth and Nation the wilfull neglect and loss whereof if duly weighed may render the Managers of that Action extreamly blamable and worthy heavy reproofs from the higher Powers unto whose Wisdom and better Judgement I will leave them And proceed to the business it self and shew your Highness The Company blame-worthy for neglecting that so rich trade for Silk of Persia how that Trade might have bin followed in a most brave and flourishing way as heretofore often intimated to some of the principall Actors themselves but they had alwayes deaf ears to all that was propounded unto them at any time that had relation to that Trade for Silk of Persia though themselves had the severall Contracts made with the said King on whom they laid the blame of not complying with them at all the meetings of the Adventurers at generall Courts when indeed the blame was their own as may appear The Contract with the K. of Persia 1622. by their yearly supplies sent out as before in the infancy of ●●at Trade and best of times and the Contract our people made with the said King first in Anno 162● and renewed again in 1627. as followeth viz. A Contract with the King of Persia That what quantity of English Goods the English should import his Dominions accompanied with one fourth part treasure the said King was to take them at the prices following viz. Broad Cloath about 11 l. price of 36. yards long at Renewed in 1627. the p●ises of English Cloath as also of Silke 38. Shahees the Coved or English yard which is 12 s. 8 d. the yard the Shahee being 4 d. English Broad Perpetuanies of 23. yards long at 15. Shahees or 5 s. the yard Devon-shire Kersies of 30. yards long at 18. Shahees or 6 s. English the yard Tynne at 70. Shahees the Maundshaw of 8 l. English and in lieu thereof the said K. was to deliver Silk at 48. Tomans the load every Toman is 3 l. 6 s. 8 d. English and every load contains 72. Maundshaws of 8 l. English so as 72. Maundshaws of 8 l. makes 576 l. of 16 ounces or 384 l. of 24. ounces and 48. Tomans of 3 l. 6 s. 8 d. makes 160 l. sterling so as to buy 1000. load of Silke at 160 l. per load three fourth part Goods and one fourth part Treasure I have estimated thus English goods to be sent into Persia with one fourth part Treasure for 100. thousand pound to buy 1000. load of Silke   li. s. d. 3000. Broad-Cloaths about 11 l. price and 36. yards long amounts to 33000. 00. 00. 3000. Kersies of 13. yards long at 40 sh a piece 6000. 00. 00. 3000. Perpetuanies of 23. yards long at 3 l. a piece 9000. 00. 00. 2000. Quintals of Tinne at 5 l. the hundred of 112 l. 10000. 00. 00. 168000. Rialls of Eight at 4 s 4 d. per Riall 36400. 00. 00. The whole Cargazone of Goods and Money to be sent out is 94400. 00. 00. Whereunto adde for Customes and other Charges at home 5600. 00. 00. In all amounts to 100000. 00 00 All which delivered into the Kings Ware-house at the prises agreed on viz.   li. s. d. 3000. Broad-Cloaths of 36. Coveds long at 38. Shahees per Coved or yard and the Shahee at 4 d. Eng. amounts to 68400. 00. 00. 3000. Kersies of 13. yards or Coveds long at 18. Sh●hees per Coved 11700. 00. 00. 3000. Perpetuanies of 23. yards long at 15. Shahees per Coved 17250. 00. 00. 2000. Quintalls of Tinne of 112 l. is 224000 l. or 28000. Mand. shawes of 8 l. English or 70. Shahees or Groats per Maund amounts to 32666. 13. 4. 168000. Ryalls of Eeight at 5 s. per Ryall amounts to 42000. 00. 00. Goods and Moneys to be delivered into the Kings Ware-house 172016. 13. 04. In returne whereof the King was to deliver 1000. load of Silke of 72. Maundshaws at 48. Tomans or 160 l. starling per load of Silke is 160000. 00. 00. And there will remaine towards Charges there 12016. 13. 04. Besides Freight and Customes to and from Persia which may be 4983. 06. 08. In all towards charges there in the Countrey 17000. 00. 00. Which 1000. load or 2000. great bales of silke weighing here 384l at 20 s. a pound a moderate price maketh 284000 l. gained towards Freight c. in 2 ● yeares and after in 13 Moneths forever if Stocks sent out and trade continued 384000. 00. 00. From which deduct 100000 l. Goods and Moneyes sent out 100000. 00. 00. And there had been gained by the Adventurers the summe of 284000. 00. 00. A faire recompence towards Freight Custome and other Charges here at home upon so rich and staple a Commodity and all this to be performed in 27. or 28. Moneths for the first voyage and afterwards in 12. or 13. Moneths at most sending out stock every yeare But if the stock be at any time hereafter able to send out or otherwise to furnish this trade of Persia with English goods Spices other India Commodities to the value of 300. thousand pounds every year with one quarter part Money as I said before it will bring 3000. loade or 6000 great bales of silke which is the proportion conceived to be brought them every Commodities out of Persia neglected by the Company yeare into Turkey and would make here besides Grogeran yarne Gauls Anniseeds Carpets Goat Skins ready drest in Colours and other Commodities which our Company would never looke after at least ten hundred thousand pounds starling at 20sh a pound a moderate price from which deduct 300. thousand pound to be first sent out and there will remaine 700. thousand pound gaines towards Freight c. Charges at home And so every yeare after the two first yeares and a quarter or thereabouts And by this meanes have made England the Staple and Magazine of all Europe for that Commodity which was the reall intention of the King of Persia and the brave and noble designe of Mr. Robert Sherley however shamefully opposed by our East India Company utterly against the true interest of that Action and to the extream prejudice of the Adventurers in particular and the whole Nation in generall A State-Action A State-action the most hohourable and profitable way of trade will be therefore the best most honourable profitable and safe way of trade for this Common-wealth and not by Joynt Stocks governed as hitherto neither yet by an open and free trade as is that of Turkey especially if governed by Turkey Merchants as this hath been utter enemies to this trade for Silk of Persia and consequently to the whole trade of India c. It may be here objcted that the trade of India Persia c. if followed with a full stock would carry out a great deale of