for being in His way presented with several summes of money the Committee of Estates and Kirk fearing such diet would make Him too unweildy fet forth injunctions that what ever monies people had to bestow they should bring it in unto such Treasuries as should be appointed by them a very neat device not onely to bring gaine unto themselves but to make Him the more conformable to their pleasures However they pretend great matters for His service an army is to â—e raised of 16000. foot and 6000. horse of which the Earl of Leven is made Generall of the foot and Holborne Major Generall David Lesley Leiutenant Generall of the Horse and Montgomery Major Generall His Majesty whom I name last because He had least command had the Title of Generallissimo reserved for Him and indeed onely the Title for He never went into the field with His army Being come to Edenburgh He is received by the Parliament and Committy of Estates and Kirk with infinite expressions of fidelity and affection the Common people like Ecchoes answering their superiours the whole City sounded nothing but VIVE LE ROY In this Condition we will leave Him for a while and cast an eye upon the affairs of England Whose Juncto by the treachery of some that sat in the Parliament of Scotland had certain intelligence of all these proceedings and now seeing things were grown to this height they send for Cromwell out of Ireland making him Generall in the room of Sir Thomas Fairfax who say some refused to engage against the Scots others say his Commission was taken from him to gratifie therewith their Creature Cromwell though this their Idol afterwards prov'd their scourge so just is God that those who would not endure a milde King should suffer under a mereiless Tyrant Having received his Commission he matches into Scotland but upon his approach the Scots in two letters one to himself and another to the Parliament complain of the invasion To which the Parliament in a declaration and Cromwell in a letter much to the same effect replie That the Scots had once already invaded England under Hamilton and were now ready for a second so that the English did now not so much invade as prevent invasion That they had made peace with the Common enemy and had not onely restored Him to their own Kingdome but promised to give Him all assistance as to His restauration to this That they were not content to enjoy their own liberty in Religion but would restrain them from theirs Thus from words they fall to blows and first Cromwell at a place called Muscleborough encountereth with the Scots under the command of Montgomery whom he worsted and afterwards gave them a totall overthrow at Dunbar Sep. 3. 1650. a day very remarkable in the passages of his life having on the same obtained two signall victories was on the same chosen Protector and on the same day died the most fortunate of the foure and deserveth to be Rubrickt with red letters for deliverance from so bloudy a Tyrant Soon after he had a dangerous fit of sickness from which if God had been pleased in mercy to have delivered him by death I believe he had not been guilty of so much perjury bloud and apostacy as afterwards he contracted Sad was the condition of the Scots at this time being not onely perplexed with a forreigne enemy raging in her bowels but were themselves also miserably divided into a Tripartite Schisme one party in the West under Strangham and Ker declared for the Kirk against the King another party in the North under the Command of Huntley Atholl Seaforth c. for the King against the Kirk a third being the Parliament and Committy of Estates and Kirk for the King and Kirk with these last was His Sacred Majesty but so imperious and insolent were they over Him in extorting declarations from Him against His own party and proceedings in usurping the whole government of affaires to themselves and in placing guards of their own Creatures upon His person c. That not able longer to suffer such intollerable affronts he went secretly away from them to the Lord Dedups house in the North Confines of Fife The Parliament and Committy of Estates and Kirk fearing He would have gone to Huntley sent Major General Montgomery after Him to intreat His return again to S. Johnston's which at first He refused but afterwards upon severall Propositions granted Him He returned And now the Common enemy endangering all they unite in affection and a generall meeting is resolved on to be held at S. Johnston's which should consist of King Lords Barons Burgesses and the Assembly of Ministers severall Lords formerly in disfavour with the Kirk are received into command in the Army and have Libeâ—ty to sit in Parliament such as Hamilton Landerdale Leith Bucheim Dedup and Crawford Major Generall Massey of the English was admitted to a Command in the Army Thus did their soares begin to heal their breaches again to be made up and now it was well hoped these clouds of divission being blown over a serene sky would follow and the Sun of prosperity shine upon their proceedings January the first following with as great solemnity as the indigency of their affairs would permit was the King Crowned at Scone the ancient place for the Coronation of the Kings of Scotland to omit the Ceremonies which were not many as not fit to be used in so reformed a place The King having the Crown set on His head endeavours to maintain the same against all opposers in relation whereunto He resolves upon the raising of an Army with all possible speed to which effect he sets up His Standerd at Aberdeen intending to be Generalissimo thereof Himself Duke Hamilton is made Leiutnant Generall of the Army and Sir Thomas Middleton Lieutenant Generall of the Horse The Town of Sterling is ordered to be fortified to which His Majesty went often in progresse to view the works and encourage the Pioners And high time it was for Him to bestirre Himself Cromwell that successefull Rebel having gained all on the other side Fife takes the Earl of Eglington prisoner every day drew nigher and nigher to them whereupon His Majesty removed His Court to Sterling most of the Scotch army quartering about it whither not long after Sir Tho. Middleton brought 8000. men out of the North and more were expected every day from Argile Huntley and Seaforth who were gone to their severall territories to compleat the Kings Levies Cromwell desirous to fight them before they were united used all his endeavours to bring them to a field battle which His Majesty for the reasons aforesaid declined whereupon on a sudden he draws off his army and transports 1600. foot and foure Troops of Horse over into Fife and with an unparallel'd expedition faced again the Royall Army with a râ—solution to fall upon their Rear if they should attempt a motion thitherwards yet could not this make them to stirre In
should return to our Royall Soveraign without some Testimony of their respects to your self They have therefore ordered and appointed that 500 l. shall be delivered unto you to buy a Jewell as a Badge of that Honour which is due to a person whom the King hath Honoured to be the messenger of so Gracious a Message and I am commanded in the name of the House to return you their very hearty thanks And as at land such was the affections of the Seamen where Generall Mountague having received two Letters the one from His Ma esty the other from the most Illustrious Duke of Yorke as also those others sent to the House of Commons and his Excellency together with His Majesties Gracious Declaration he immediately caused a great gun to be shot off the usuall summons to call his Officers together who coming aboard he communicated His Majesties Letters unto them which being read with anunamimous consent they declared themselves for His Majesty professing their exact Loyalty to live and die in his defence deâ—â—ring the Generalls of the Fleet humbly to present the lame to His Majesty But no sooner did the under Sea-men hear thereof but their over-joy'd hearts burst forth into loud acclamations of joy this news was more welcome to them then had they taken the wealth of the West Indies for prize And now to expresse their Loyalty the Generall himself fired a great Gun crying God blesse His Majesty Then might you see the Fleet in her pride with Pendants loose Guns roaring Caps flying and loud Vive le Roys ecchoed from one ships Company to another which were answered with the great Guns from Deal and Sandwich Castles The Noble Generall gave two pipes of Canary to the Commanders and Gentlemen in his ship And as at sea so in Ireland was seen the same complyance for the Convention there hearing what was done in England send a Declaration hither wherein they first expresse their disclaime of the sinfull and exemplary force put upon the House iâ— 1648. and whereas also the said persons did presume to erect a high Court of Justice and by an ugly and execrable sentence condemn the King to death they do declare their detestation of the fact and protest against those inhuman unparallell'd and barbaâ—ous actions as being the foulest and highest assassination that ever prot hane or sacred History ever recorded May the 8. 1660. His Majesty was solemnly Proclaimed by the Loâ—ds and Commons the Lord Mayor c. in the Cities of London and Westminster with an universall testification of Loyalty from all degrees of people The manner whereof being so remarkable each â—erson in his proper Sphear contending to out-vy each other in expressions of obedience to His Sacred Majesty take as followeth Between one and two of the Clock the Lords met in the Painted Chamber where they continued till they were placed in order the Earl of Manchester Speaker first then the Duke of Buckingham the Earl of Oxford c. Thus they walked all along with the Heralds before them through the Court of Requests and Westminster-Hall to the Pallace where they staid befoâ—e the Hall gate whither also presently after came the House of Commons Being placed in order both Lords and Coâ—mons stood bare whilest Mr. Bish dictated and Mr. Râ—ley king at Armes with a loud voice Proclaimed Charles the second in these words The Proclamation Although it can no may be doubted but that His Majesties Right and Title to His Crown and Kingâ—omes is and was eâ—ery way compleated by the death of his most Royall father of glorious memory without the Ceremony or solemnity of a Proclamation yet since Proclamations in such cases have been always used to the end that all good subjects might upon this occasion testify their duty and respect And since the armed violence and other the Calamities of many years last past have hitherto deprived us of any such opportunity whereby we might express our Loyalty and allegiance to His Majesty We therefore the Lords and Commons now assembled in Parliament together with the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Commons of the City of London and other freemen of this kingdome now present do according to our Duty and Allegiance heartily joyfully and unaminously acknowledge and proclaime That immediately upon the decease of our late Soveraign Lord King Charles the Imperial Crown of the Realme of England and of all the Kingdomes Dominions and Rights belonging to the same did by inherent Birth right and lawfull undoubted succession descend and come to His most Excellent Majesty Charles the second as being lineally justly and lawfully next Heir of the Bloud Royal of this Realme and that by the goodness and providence of Almighty God He is of England Scotland France and Ireland the most potent mighty and undoubted King And thereunto we most Humbly and Faithfully do submit and obliege our selves our Heires and Posterity for ever God save the King The Proclamation being ended the Lords and Commons took their Coaches proceeding to the further solemnity of proclaiming His Sacred Majesty as followeth First the Head Bayliffe of Westminster and his Servants riding with White staves to prepare the way then followed a gallant Troop of Officers of the Army and other Gentlemen with Trumpets before them then the Life-guard very stately mounted and richly clothed after them a Class of six Trumpets and three Heralds then a Herald between the Serjeant to the Commons and the Mace of the Council next Mr. Ryley king at Armes in his rich coat of the Kings Armes between Serjeant Norfolk and Serjeant Middleton after whom came the Usher of the Black Rod and Mr. Bish together These ushering the way in the next place came the Earl of Manchester Speaker to the House of Lords in his Coach and six Horses then the Speaker of the House of Commons in his then his Excellency the Lord Generall in his after which followed both Houses of Lords and Commons in their Coaches and last of all a Troop of Horse In this manner they came to White-hall where they Proclaim'd His Majesty a second time and then in like order proceeded Being come to Arundell-House they made a stand where Mr. Ryley king at Armes taking one of the Heralds and six Trumpets with him advanced forward toward Temple-Bar which according tâ— agreement being shut he came to the gate knocked â—nd demanded entrance being asked who it was that knocked he replyed that if my Lord Mayor would come to the gate he would deliver his Message to him who accordingly coming the Trumpets sounded after which silence being made it was demanded of the king of Armes Who he was and what was his message to which he answered We are the Heralds at Armes Appointed and Commanded by the Lords and Commons in Parliament assembled to demand entrance into the famous City of London to proclaime Charles the second King of England Scotland and Ireland and we expect your speedy answer to this demand to this they answered
Sir if it please you to have a little patience we shall speedily give you an answer to your message After some little conference between the Lord Mayor and Aldermen the Gates were opened and the king at Armes entred with Trumpets sounding before him and was joyfully received by the Lord Mayor in his Crimson Velvet Gown and Hood the Aldermen and Sheriffs in Scarlet and the Officers of the Militia gallantly accoutred on Horse-back Both sides of the streets were guarded by the Mililia forces of London from Temple-Bar to the Old Exchange and stood all with their swords drawn as also the Officers and severall spectators in windows The City Horse fell in next the Life-guard then the Lord Mayor and Aldermen after whom the Herald and the rest as formerly When they came to Chancery-lane end they proclaimed His Majesty a third time where at the word Charles the second in the Proclamation the king at Armes lifting himself up with more then ordinary cheerfulness and expressing it with a very audible voice the people presently took it and on a suddon carried it to the Old Exchange which was pu sued with such shouts that is was near a quarter of an hour before silence could be made to read the rest of the Proclamation After this they went to Cheapside where His Majesty was proclaimed a fourth time the shouts of the people then being so great that though Bow-bells were then ringing yet could not the sound of them be heard Thence they went to the Old Exchange where His Majesty was again proclaimed with the loud shouts and acclamations of the people and so the solemnity ended But to recount the numberless number of Bonfires the ringing of Bells shooting off Guns and the joyfull expressions of the people that attended this gallant and well ordered procession would wear a pen of steel to the stumps and tire the hand of the most unwearied writer But this joy was not confined within the walls of the City the whole Kingdome participating of the benefit so did they also share in the triumph Our Chronicles make mention even to admiration of the solemnities at the Coronation of Richard the first but no History can shew a president of such transcendent joy as was at the proclaiming of Charles the second Take a view of their solemnities at Sherborn in Dorsetshire by which you may give a guesse at the rest On Munday May 14. the Kings Majesty after solemne prayers praises and a seasonable premonition at the Church by Mr. Bampfield to prevent exorbitancie was with high expressions of joy proclaimed by Mr. Birstal Master of the kings School there to whom Sir John Strangways High Steward of Sherborn-Castle did read the Proclamation himself not being able by reason of his age to utter it with so loud and audible voice as was requisite The performance was attended by divers persons of quality viz. Mr. George Digby second Son to the Earl of Bristoll Esquire Fulford Esquire Rogers one of Judge Mallets sons and many other Esquires and Gentlemen who brought with them as many Horse and Foot well armed as together with the Town Forces made up between five and six thousand Besides the melody of divers Consorts of Loud Musick there were the Martiall Noises of many Drums and Trumpets innumerable Volleys of shot the continuall ringing of Bells and loud acclamations of many Thousands of Men Women and Children had that thwack'd the streets so full that thousands of people as well in Armes as others were constrained to stay in the fields for want of room to receive them The very Earth did seem to quake and the Aire to tremble at the mighty rending shouts that were at that irerated On the top of the Tower of the Ancient Cathedrall were four large white flags with red crosses in them displayed on high poles The Conduit that day and the next ran with Claret besides many Hogsheads of March-bear and large Baskets of white loaves set out in the street for the Poor In the close of the day some of the witty wags of the Town did very formally represent an High Court of Justice at the Sessions Bench whither by a formidable guard was brought a grim Judge or Lord President in a Bloud-red Robe and a tire for his Head of the same Hue who being gravely set down in the Chair of Judicature with sundry asseslours the Cryer in the Name of the Supreme Keeper of the Liberties of England did command silence After the appointing of an Attorney Generall a Solliciter Generall and other Officers for the due constituting of so High a Court and the empanneling of a Jury John Bradshaw and Oliver Caomwell whose Effigies were artificially prepared and brought thither by a Guard of Souldiers were indicted of High Treason and murthering of the King commanded to hold up their bloudy-hands which for the purpose were besmeared with bloud They were asked Whether they did own the Authority of the Court which being silent the whole multitude present cryed out Justice my Lord Justice on these bloody Traytors and Murtherers They were asked again whether they owned the Authority of the Court and upon refusall sentence was passed upon them to be dragg'd to the place of Execution to be there hang'd upon two Gibbets forty foot high on both sides the States Armes which had lately been erected by Captain Chasee one of Lamberts Champions which sentence was accordingly executed The Honest Officers that dragg'd them to Execution from the lower part of the Town to the upper had many a blow with Fists Swords Halberts and Pikes which were aimed at the execrable Malefactors As they hung upon the Gibbets they were so hack'd and hew'd so gored and shot through that in a short time little remained besides Cromwells Buffe-coat and Bloudy scarfe that was worth the burning yet would nor the people be satisfied till they had made a fire between the Gibbets and burnt all they could get of their garbage or garments and at last tore down the States Armes to help make up their funerall pile At night besides the multitude of Bonfires there were three huge piles of faggots fired on the brows of three of the Highest Hills about a mile distant from the Town which were visible over all the Marshes of Sommerset-shire in part of Wales and the greatest part of Black-moor This extraordinary joy of the people of this Town might perhaps proceed from the native Genius of the place which having enjoyed formerly the residence of many a King and Bishop and the felicities that attend those Governments in Church and State did cause them to be even transported with joy at the restitution of the one and fair hopes of restauration of the other to these so long harrased Kingdomes and Churches And now the Parliament and City like the men of Israel and Judah when David was forced from Jerusalem by Absalon strive who shall be forwardest to bring the King home The Parliament ordered 50000l to be presented to His
sit for government did invite the Parliament to give His Majesty a cheerfull accompt of their proceedings Then he reckon'd up those bills that did already attend for His Majesties Royall Assent The first was an Act for the confirmation of Judicatory proceedings The second was an Act to prevent the taking of excessive usury The third was an Act for a perpetuall Anniversary thanksgiving to be observed and kept upon the twenty ninth of May. The fourth was an Act for a speedy provision of Money to pay off and disband all the forces of this kingdome by sea and land The last was an Act of free and generall pardon Indemnity and Oblivion In the conclusion of his speech they made known to His Majesty that they had nothing more to ask or offer at that time but that as soon as His Majesties occasions would permit them to adjourn and goe into their own Countries where they should make His Majesties Subjects sensible of the Happiness they had in having such a King to Rule and Govern over them His Majesty having given His Royal assent to all these Bills and pass'd them made a short Speech to the House Wherein he told them that no man had more impatiently long'd to have those Bills pass'd then he had done to pass them as the foundation of much security and happiness to the Nation That he did very willingly pardon all that was pardon'd in the Act of Indempnity But for the time to come the same discretion and Conscience which had disposed Him to the Clemency which he then express'd which was most agreeable to his nature would oblige him to all rigour and severity how contrary soever to His nature toward those who should not now acquiesce but continue to manifest their sedition and dislike of the Government That never any King valu'd more the affections of His people then he did nor did He know any way to make Himself sure of His peoples affections then by being just and kind to all He thank'd them for the Pole-Bill not that it came into His Coffers but for the other grand intent of disbanding the Army and discharging the Navy which above all things he earnestly pray'd them to dispatch He hinted to them the unestablishment of His Revenue yet told them that that was not the thing which did trouble him and therefore bid them but take care of the publick and for what was necessary for the good and quiet of the Kingdom and take their own time for His own particular which he was sure they would provide for with as much affection and Franckness as he could desire The chief heads of the act of Oblivion were as follow That His Majesty taking into consideration the long and great Troubles Discords and Warrs which had been for many yeares in this Kingdom and that for that reason divers of His Subjects had incurr'd severall penalties and being piously dispos'd to put an end to all Controversies which by reason of these late troubles might happen between His Subjects and to the intent that no crime committed against His Majesty or His Father may rise in juâ—gment for the time to come against any of the offenders to endammage them either in their Lives Liberties Estates or Reputation by any reproach or term of distinction and to bury too for the time to come all the seeds of divisions that they may be obliterated both in His own breast and in the breast of every one of His Subjects And for the fulfilling His Royal Word given in His Letters and Declaration sent to the two Houses of Parliament His Majesty with the advice and consent of the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament doth declare that all sorts of Treasons concealment of Treasons Murders Felonies Offences Crimes Miscarriages Misprisions Commanded Counselled Executed or Committed since the first of January 1637. by any person before the fourth of June 1660. except the persons hereafter excepted by name by vertue or under colour of the Authority of the deceased King or of His Majesty now Raigning or of the two Houses of Parliament of any Convention calling it self a Parliament of any calling themselves Keepers of the liberty of England of any one calling himself Protector of the Re-publick of England or Magistrate in chief shall be pardon'd acquitted discharged and be forever forgotten and all the said Persons their Heirs and Executors are discharg'd from all paines of death and other Penalties Accusations Convictions judgments c. which are annull'd by these presents and the said Persons are establish'd in their possessions inheritances and goods forfeited to His Majesty for the said offences That no arrerages of Rents of any Lands or Tenements receiv'd paid or dispos'd of during the said Troubles under the said Authorities or pretended Authorities except those of the Farmers of the Customs and Excise and others afterwards excepted be demanded back again That the Act shall be as availeable to all in generall as if it took notice of every mans name and crime in particular That those who shall molest any person for any of the Offences already pardon'd in the Act shall be oblig'd to pay the Plaintiff treble dammages and the charges of the suit and shall pay to His Majesty 10. l. ster for every such false actions and all the proceedings upon such suit shall be made null and void That all Murders Papacies Sodomie Rapes Stealing and Marrying young women without consent of their Parents marriage of two wives or having two husbands invocations of spirits conjurations witchcrafts enchantments and charmes shall be excepted out of this present act as also those that are accountable for subsidie-mony Customs Taxes Excise Sequestrations or for any of the rents of the King Queen Prince or for the goods of the Church or of Papists Recusants after the year 1642. yet shall not their Heires or Executors be charged at all unless there be any summes of money yet remaining in their hands unpaid after the stating of the account That no man shall be charg'd for money receiv'd by way of Salary though under an illegall Authority That the acquittances of the Exchequer shall be of force from the year 1642. That perjuries subordinations of witnesses detentions of any of the Kings Queens or Princes goods excepting the Ships and Magazines shall be excepted out of this act of pardon as also offences committed by Priests Jesuits and Seminaries against the Statute of 27. Eliz. That the Act shall not extend to discharge any obligation not yet received That all acts of hostility shall be pardon'd and all names of distinction utterly abolish'd upon the penalty of ten pound to every one that shall use them That the persons guilty of the Rebellion in Ireland shall be excepted as also those who have receiv'd any money upon the act for Decimation of which they shall give an account that those who have been employ'd by His Majesty and have prov'd traitors and corresponded with His enemies shall be excepted being convicted
in State without consent of Parliament That He had appointed Breda in Holland for the place of a solemne Treaty for the makeing of a full accomodation and agreement between Him and His Loving Subjects of Scotland Notwithstanding these large condescentions which to reasonable men might have given satisfaction even to supererogation the arrogant Kirk-men would not have had Him admitted into Scotland but upon conditions which should make Him wholly subservient to theiâ— Commands and much scuffle was betwixt the State and them about it At length a mediation is concluded on betwixt them and the Earl of Castles the Lord Lothian Burley and Libberton Sir John Smith and Mr. Jeofferys for the Estates and Mr. Broady Lawson and Wood are appointed Commissioners for the Kirk March the 19. 1649. at Breda aforesaid they came before His Majesty where after obeisance the Lord Castles in behalf of the Estates and Mr. Lawson for the Kirk made each of them a speech candied over with many expressions of Loyalty and unfeigned obedience but their reall intentions may be better preceived by these Propositions which then they delivered to His Majesty 1. That all those who had been excommunicated by the Church and still continued so should be forbid accesse to Court 2. That all Acts of the Parliament of Scotland should be by him ratified and approved of That the Solemne Leauge and Covenant the Presbyterian Church-government the Directory Confession and Catechisme should be enjoyned in Scotland and the same used and practised in His family and an oath to be taken by Him that He would never oppose it or endeavour to alter it 3. That He would by solemne oath and under His hand and seal declare and acknowledge His allowanne of the solemne Leauge and Covenant and the National Covenant of Scotland 4. That He would consent and agree that all civil matters might be determined by subsequent Parliaments in Scotland and all Ecclesiastical matters by the Generall Kirk Assembly as was formerly granted by His Royall Father Noâ—withstanding the unreasonableness of these Propositions yet working on His Necessities the more willing they found Him to condescend the more impudent were they still to propose for not long after they sent the Earl of Carnwarth and Mr. Murrey with new instructions and proâ—ositions to this effect viz. 1. That His Majesty should confirme all Acts done in some late Sessions of Parliament without any exception 2 That neither Montrosle nor any of his adherents be admitted to come into the Kingdome of Scotland These Propositions were very stiffely debated amongst the Kings Councellors some of them perswade His Majesty to an utter rejectment of them alleadging That the Covenanters horrid perfidiousness to His Father might be a sufficient motive and inducement for Him not to trust them That should He accept of their conditions they would so tie up His hands that He would be then but a King onely in Title which He was without them That there was no reason why He should be forc'd to relinquish the Religion of His Fathers and whilst He permitted to His Subjects Liberty of Conscience to be denied the same Himself That the Covenant tendred and so earnestly prest upon Him by them was an obligatory Covenant to binde the Subjects to Him and not for Him to swear to and therefore it was judged sufficiently satisfactory if He passed an Act for the pleoples taking it On the other side those who stood for an accommodation urged the necessity of His Majesties affairs which both in Ireland under Montrosse and in the Navy under Prince Rupert were in so weake and tottering a condition that no help could be expected from them That all the Princes in Christendome were so embroyled in wars of their own that it was in vain to crave any forraigne aid and that therefore there was no way left for His Majesty to re-gaine His lost Rights and Kingdomes but by complying with His Subâ—ects of Scotland and though it were upon such conditions as would at first seem harsh those Curbs might in time possession once got be thrown off by degrees Whilst matters were thus debating neâ—s was brought the King of the Marquesse of Montrosses ignominious death who having gotten together about six or seven hundred men with those small forces makes an attempt upon Scotland but was by them unfortunately defeated himself treachâ—rously betraid into their hands by the Lord Aston and at Edenburgh hang'd drawn and quarter'd with all the scorn and ignominy an insulting enemy could invent This act of theirs considering the juncture of time might seem to be â—one as in affront to the treaty and could not but highly incense His Majesty not onely for the losse of so brave a person whose valour and magnaminity all Europe admired but in their carriage towards him His Leiutenant He might read Lectures of disloyalty against Himself Many judged the death of this Marquesse would have put a period unto the Treaty for those who were averse to it before now opposed it with might and maine telling the King That they had by thus murthering His Leiutenant demonstrated to the world what they would doe to Him if they had Him in their power That it was an act of Rashness and desperation to trust them or to have any more to doe with such a perfidious generation That they onely cunningly and subtilly endeavoured to entrap Him that they might destroy Him But notwithstanding their high words the Kings affairs were in so low a condition that it forced Him to embrace those conditions which He utterly detested and to put a conclusion to the Treaty by condescending to most of their desires But though the King stooped thus low even to admirâ—tion yet so impudent were they that after the Treaty was concluded with Him in the Parliament at Edenburgh it was debated by some of them Whether they sâ—ould make any further addresses to Him but the Major part carrying it in the affirmative a message was sent to Him inviting Him to make all possible speed to His Kingdome of Scotland with a great many verball expressions of obedience but to let Him know what rule they intended He should walk by they debarre Him from having those whom He chiefly favour'd to waite upon Him and nominate such persons as they thought fit out of their own gang to be Officers of His Houshold there But the King was resolved to overcome all difficulties and having provided things in a readiness about the beginning of June 1650. set sail from Holland and after a dangerous storme and narrow scape of some English vessels which lay in waite for Him arrived at Spey in the North of Scotland the Parliament hearing of His arrivall sent down some Lords to receive and accompany Him to Eâ—enburgh but before He could be admitted to come unto them they send Him new Propositions to Dundee to signe which with much regret seeing He could doe no otherwise He at last condescended unto But this was not all
of the Enemies horse came to Whitladies and enquired after the King the towns-folks answered that about three hours agoe there was a party of horse came thither and they supposed the King with them but that they made no stay they were hereupon so eager in the pursuit when they heard which way they took that they made no more search there the King had notice of this by the aforesaid scouts who were ever and anon stragling for intelligence into the town All this day being Thursday the King continued in the wood sometimes lying on the ground Richard Penderil constantly keeping Him company but being a rainy-day Francis Yates his Wife came into the Wood and brought the King a blancket which He threw over His Shoulders to keep Him dry she also brought Him His first meat He eat there viz. a Messe of Milk mixed with Eggs and Sugar in a black Earthen dish the King guessed it to be milk and Apples saying He loved it very well after He had drank and eat some of it with a pewter spoon He gave George the rest and bid him eat telling him it was very good the King then exchanged His wood-bill for Francis Yates broom-hook being it was something lighter Toward five of the clock that Evening the King with Richard Humphry George and Francis Yates left the wood and went to Richards house under the Name of William Jones a wood-cutter newly come thither for work against His coming the good wife for His entertainment at supper was preparing a Fricasse of Bacon and Eggs and while that was doing the King held on His Knee their daughter Nan after He had eat a little He asked Richard to eat who replyed yea Sir I will to which His Majesty said you have a better stomack then I for you have eaten five times to day already supper ended the King having resolved to depart in the dusk of the Evening before He went Jane Penderill the Mother of the five brethren came to see the King before whom she blessed God that had so honoured her children in making them the instruments as she hoped of His Majesties safeguard and deliverance Here Francis Yates offered the King thirty shillings in silver the King took ten bidding him put up the other Humphry would have gone before to see and view about but the King would not let him it being now near night they took their leave of the King upon their knees beseeching God to guide and blesse Him His Majesty and Richard departed intending to go to one Mr. Francis Wolf of Madeley thence to take passe into Wales on the way as they were to goe by a Mill at a place called Evelin as they were going over the bridge it being near nine a clock at night the Miller steps forth and asked who goes there having something that looked like a good Cudgell in his hand to which Richard being foremost thought it not safe to reply and therefore the water being shallow he leaped from the bridge into it the King did the like following Richard by the Ratling of his Leather breeches the Miller was glad he was so rid of them for as it afterward appeared some of the Kings scattered souldiers were in his Mill and he thought the other to be Parliament party Being come to Madely late that night they understood the danger of passing into Wales the Country being every where laid with Souldiers and that he durst not entertain them into his house but shewed them a Hay-mow where they might lodge where the King and Richard continued all that night and the next day being Friday night with the conveyance of a Maid of this Mr. Wolfs who brought the King two miles on His way they retreated back again to Richards house however to shew his Loyalty Mr. Wolfe lent the King some small summe of money This design being crossed Saturday morning without any stay the King and he went to a house of Mris. Giffard called Boscobel where William Penderil and his wife dwelt as house-keepers who received Him joyfully but the Kings feet were so blistered with Travelling in such course and stiffe accountrements as He wore on His feet and lying in them that He was scarce able to stand or goe which Williams wife perceiving she stript off His stockings and cut the blisters and washed His feet and gave the King some ease The same time or near thereupon that Noble Col. Careles who as it is said before made good the Kings passage at Worcester and had fought his way through after he had been two days at one David Jones living in the Heathin Tong-parish and there by him secured was brought by one Elizabeth Burgesse to this same house of Boscobell where he had layn obscure three quarters of a year before and there His Majesty and he met but the Colonel was so over-joyed with the fight of the King His Master in such sure and safe hands that he could not refraine weeping which kindnesse of his forced the King to something of the same passion After a short conference touching the Kings most probable meanes of Escape it was Resolved by them to betake themselves to the wood again and accordingly about nine of the clock that Saturday morning they went into the wood and Colonel Carles brought the King to that famous Oake where before he had himself been lodged this tree is not hollow but of a found firm trunk onely about the middle of the body of it there is a hole in it about the bignesse of a mans head from whence it is called hollow by the help of William Penderils Ladder they got up among the boughs of the tree which were very thick and full of leaves so that it was impossible for any one to discern any thing through them Being both up William gave each of them a pillow to lie upon between the thickest of the branches the King being over-wearied with his travell began to be very sleepy so that the Colonel to accomodate Him as well as he could desired His Majesty to lay His head in his lap and rest His body upon the pillow which the King agreed to and after He had sleept a good while He awaked very hungry wishing He had something to eat whereupon the Colonel pluckt out of his pocket a good Lunchion of bread and cheese which Jone Penderil had given him that day and had wrapped it up in a clean linnen cloath of which the King fed very heartily and commending it highly for good Cheere some other small relief He had which was put up into the tree with a long hook-stick At this time Richard Penderil was sent to Wolverhampton some three miles from thence to buy wine and bisquet and some other refreshment for the King and withall to speak with one Mr. George Manwaring a peron of known Integrity and Loyaly from Col. Cares to know of him whether he knew of any such privacy for two persons of the Kings party fled from Worcester To
deprived him of all command in the Army onely making him a member of his pageant house of Lords during whose Protectorship he lived as 't were retired knowing it in vain to struggle against one who had got so setled a power but he being dead and an opportunity given him to present himself again upon the Theatre his ambitious spirit would not let him lie still but attempts to make himself Commander of these three kingdomes as Oliver by his means had done before which design of his in the sequell ruined him and discovered those grand cheates and abuses which that party had put upon the Nation endeavouring to enslave them to their own Arbitrary power whilest they pretended to weare those glorious yet strangely wrested names of Religion and Liberty But to proceed having pulled down one Government they are inforc'd to set up another well knowing the people would not be contented to be ruled by the sword of all Governments the most unjust and arbitrary and since they must have one they resolve to have one like themselves even those men that murthered the King and had for some years enslaved their Native Country This Rump or fag end of a Parliament do they pitch upon So these Tyrants cement and knit together again like a Snakes tail and for colour called themselves the Revivers of the good old case and were as busy as if they had another King and three kingdomes to destroy Thus by Gods permission that old rotten Government which was the fâ—râ—t cause of Englands ruine is new vampt and set up again to bring the people into a far worse then Egyptian bondage and slavery Two things are to be wondered at in this transaction First how the Rump durst credit or give any trust to the army having formerly turned them out of doores and likewise so lately deserted their young Protector And secondly how the Army durst trust them whom they had so grossely abused with a full power over them to place and displace whom they pleased Certainly the Rumpes intention was no lesse then to serve the Army as they had formerly served them but the Army were as cunning as they were crafty and having knowledge of their design inhibited their usurped sitting as you shall hear anon Upon notice of the sitting of the Rump those members who had been secluded by the Army in 1648. for refusing to dip their hands in the bloud of their Prince now demand an equall interest with the others to sit and Vote but as they had formerly been violently thrust out so are they now forcibly kept out by the Officers of the Army This affront is highly resented by them Mr. Pryn one of those secluded members writing strongly against them proving them by several reasons to be no Parliament but onely a tyrannicall and illegall authority they being first dissolved by the death of the King who summoned them he being Principium causa finis Parliamenti Secondly they not being the fourth part of that number which ought to constitute a Parliament the rest of their fellow-members being at severall times turned out of the house according to the pleasure of the factious army so that most Shires and Corporations in England being unjustly deprived of their Burgesses had no power nor interest in the government of the Nation Thirdly their power being again devolved into the people who having by their Votes chosen another did disannul the autherity of this Representative But it was in vain to talk of Law to those who would be ruled by none However for the security of themselves they proceed vigorously to change the Officers of the Army causing them to take commissions from Lenthall whom they made Generall making all the hast they can to settle themselves under the notion of the Good old cause In the mean time the secluded party of the House joyning with the Presbyterian party who were now kept under by the predominant faction of Anabaptists and Independents they combine together and seek to gain by force what by fair means they could not attain and this their design they make almost generall over England that as the ruine threatned the whole Nation so was the whole Nation concerned in the redresse August the first the day appointed by the Rump for the banishing the Cavaliers out of London was the time set for them to rise But by the treachery of some of the Confederates most places of their randevous were discovered and so the design for the most part disappointed Yet Sir George Booth with divers other Gentlemen in Cheshire and Lancashire raised a considerable force and having secured Westchester and some other places declared for a free Parliament and to maintain the rights and priviledges of the people the whole Nation saving onely the Sectaries and such who had raised themselves by the ruines both of Church and State praying for their successe but few or none stirring to their assistance It is a thing to be taken notice of even to admiration that those very people who made their lawfull Soveraignes raising a little ship-money which nevertheless was expended for the benefit and security of the Nation without authority of Parliament one of the chief pleas for their raising wars against him yet could now be contented with such unparalleld impositions and tyrannies as no History can acquaint us with the like The Sicilian Tyrants being but meer shadows to these whom we may justly call the very quintessence of all tyranny and oppression But to return to our purpose the Rump had soon notice of this rising and immediately send out forces to oppose them making Lambert head of the party which gave him as fair an opportunity to put in execution his ambitious designes as possibly could be He in ten dayes marches to them faces fights and overcomes them re-takes those holds which they had possest and so returns again victorious Sir George Booth soon after was taken in a womans apparell at Newport Pagnel and committed prisoner to the Tower of London The Rump in token of their gratitude to Lambert for his good service order him a Thousand pound to buy him a Jewell which he as frankly bestows amongst his Souldiers intending they should require him at a dead lift this lesson he had cond of his Master Oliver to lay an Obligation upon the Souldiery who now were grown altogether mercenary This act of his disâ—leased the Rump who now began to find out his design but were not able to hinder it Whilest Lambert was thus acting in the North the Rump were as busy in consulting all ways for their own secuâ—ity as well from being supplanted by the Army as to suppress the peoples insurrection to this purpose they setle the Trained Bands in London with six Troops of Horse and began to raise the Militia in the Counties appointing such Commanders over them as were fanaticall yet assertors of their interest Those Governours of Garrisons who held for the Army they put out placing others in
because the passion and uncharitableness of the times have produced severall opinions in Religion by which men are engaged in parties and animosities against each other which when they shall hereafter unite in a freedome of Conversation will be compossed or better understood We doe Declare a liberty to tender Consciences and that no man shall be disquieted or called in question for differences of opinion in matter of Religion which do not disturbe the Peace of the Kingdome And that We shall be ready to consent to such an Act of Parliament as upon Mature Deliberation shall be offered to Us for the full granting that Indulgence And because in the continued distractions of so many years and so many and great Revolutions many Grants and Purchases of Estates have been made to and by many Officers Souldiers and others who are now possessed of the same and who may be liable to Actions at Law uâ—on severall Titles We are likewise willing that all such differences and all things relating to such Grants Sales and Purchases shall be determined in Parliament which can best provide for the just satisfaction of all men who are concerned And We do further declare that We will be ready to consent to any Act or Acts of Parliament to the purposes aforesaid and for the full satisfaction of all Arrears due to the Officers and Souldiers of the Army under the Command of Generall Monck and that they shall be received into Our service upon as good Pay and Condions as they now injoy Given under Our sign Manual and privy Sgnet At Our Court at Breda this 4 14 day of April 1660. In the twelfth year of Our Reign Never was Letter from absent Lover received with more unfeigned affection then these never was message entertain'd with a more generall consent nor did the House ever more truely appear the peoples full Representatives then at this present The Letters being read with that accustomed Ceremony and Reverence due to Majesty produced these Resolves Nemine contradicente Resolved by the House of Lords That they doe own and declare that according to the Ancient and Fundamentall Laws of this Kingdome the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons Resolved that a Committee of eight Lords do joyn with a Committee of the House of Commons to consider of an answer to His Majesties Gracious Letter and Declaration Resolved by the House of Commons That a Committee be appointed to prepare an answer to His Majesties Letter expressing the great and joyfull sence of this House of His gracious offers and their Humble and Hearty Thanks to His Majesty for the same and with professions of their Loyalty and Duty to His Majesty and that this House will give a speedy answer to His Majesties gracious Proposalls Resolved that the summe of 50000 l. be presented to His Majesty from this House Ordered that the Letter from His Majesty to the House and His Declcration be entred at large in the Journall Book as also that to the Generall to be kept amongst the Records of this House for His Honour This compliance of the Parliament with His Sacred Majesty surcharged the Citizens hearts with joy those beams of Majesty which enliven Trading having been long absent from the City the presence of the Prince being one principall cause of a Cities greatness The Bells and Bonfires made outward expression of those indelible Characters of Loyalty written in their hearts the great guns from the Tower thundred forth Vive le Roys whilst each County in England strived to out-vie one another in expressions of Loyalty The Souldiery who had hitherto made Clubs trump resolve now to enthrone the King of Hearts in their affection expressing their Loyalty to His Sacred Majesty in this following addresse presented to his Excellency the Lord Generall Monck Although we cannot doubt of your Excellencies confidence in our affections and our faithfulness to your Excellency and that discipline which by your good and prudent conduct hath been exercised over us whereby we are instructed to an entire obedience to your Excellency and that Authority which the Lord shall place over us which we hope we have manifested in our last actings under your Excellency against all persons whatsoever in any ways disturbing the peace and settlement of the Nation although some of thom have been our Brethren formerly engaged in the same cause with us as also in our last Remonstrance and addresse to your Excellency wherein as it becomes us in daty we have solemnly declar'd to acquiesce in what the Lord shall bring forth from the consultations of this present Parliament Yet in regard your Excellency hath been pleased to communicate a Letter and a Leclaration from the Kings Majesty full of Gracious expressions we cannot but acknowledge that the matter of it gives a great measure of quiet to our minds and more then ordinary expectations of the enjoyment of much tranquility and happiness under His Majesties government The free and generall Indemnity offered by His Majesty with a liberty to tender Consciences satisfaction of Arrears and his readiness to consent to a confirmation of Sales and other Grants and Purchases of Estates to all persons now in possession of the same is that of which as we cannot doubt of the reall performance being left by His Majesty to the Parliaments determination so we be-believe it is the most probable way to bring the Nations to their desired settlement And we hope to evince to His Majesty and all the world that we and all those that have been engaged in the Parliaments cause are His Majesties best and most reall Subjects and that your Excellency and the Armies under your Command have comply'd with the obligations for which they were first raised for the preservation of the true Protestant Religion the Honour and Dignity of the King the priviledges of Parliament the liberty and property of the Subject and the fundamentall Laws of the Land Sir John Greenvile who brought His Majesties Letters had the thanks of both Houses given him for the same and 500 l. given him as a testimony of their respects to him the Speaker of the House of Commons delivering himself in these pathericall expressions Sir John Greenvile I need not tell you with what gratefull and thankfull hearts the Commons now assembled in Parliament have received His Majesties Gracious Letter Res ipsa loquitur you your self have been Auricularis ocularis testis de rei veritaâ—e Our Bells and our Bonfires have already begun the Proclamation of His Majesties goodnesse and of our joys We have told the people that our King the glory of England is coming home again and they have resounded it back again in our ears that they are ready and their hearts are open to receive him both Parliament and people have cryed aâ—oud in their prayers to the King of Kings Long live King CHARLES the second I am likewise to tell you that the House doth not think fit that you
Waller Mr. Meir Col. Waite Col. Temple Tichborn Fleetwood Col. John Temple and some few others Nor could His Majesty want employment having enough to doe to receive all these addresses which were made to him from all the Shires and Towns of England which though they throng'd in so fast yet His Majesty was still ready to entertain them with so much grace and favour that he gave satisfaction to all Nor was this joy confin'd within the limits of England other Countries partaking thereof and making themselves concern'd in our great alterations particularly at Heidelburgh Frankendale Wormes and Herldbron in all which places was a day of publick prayers and thanksgiving for the restoration of His Sacred Majesty of Great Brittain The King of Portugall also when he heard the news thereof presently gave order that the same night all the great guns of the Castle and Forts of the Town and Harbour should be fired The whole City was adorn'd with lights and in every window of the Kings Palace were set two great Torches of white wax besides Bonfires and Fireworks in the streets the King and Queen next morning with the Infanta and Nobility went forth in solemn manner to the Church of St. Anthony's of the Capuchins all the bells in the Town ringing the while By which it was plainlyseen with what reall joy and satisfaction the people of this Court and Nation receiv'd the welcome tydings of so happy a change And now we are beyond sea it may not be from the purpose to relate something of the great Marriage between the King of France and the Infanta of Spaine which happened much about this time especially the King of France being a Prince so nearly related to the Crown of England The King of Spaine being now after a tedious journey arrived at Fintarabia the Ceremonies of the Marriage being the same with the Ceremonies of ordinary marriages but more pompous were celebrated and performed by the Bishop of Pamplona with the assistance of the Patriarch of the Indies in the Church of said Town Before the performance the Infanta kneel'd twice before the King her Father first to ask him blessing and secondly before she gave her consent to the Marriage The Ceremony being ended the King of Spaine gave her all the respect due to so great a Queen giving her the right hand both in his going out of the Church and as they rode together in the Coach He likewise gave her his own lodgings and took hers where though she had not been seen before she then did ride in publick within a day or two after the two Kings had an interview where both Kings were uncovered that the grandees of Spaine might not take an occasion to be cover'd Then the King of Spaine having deliver'd his daughter into the hands of the King of France the Queen Mother took her away in her Coach which done the two Kings parted with all demonstration of amity and affection Afterwards the young Queen was presented with severall presents from her Father and Monsieur the Kings Brother and Cardinall which were so rich and so magnificent that never were more Royall presents seen In the mean time the Parliament to shew the value of that pardon from the benefit of which they were excepting so many persons came to His Majesty and in the name of themselves and the Commons of England laid hold on His Majesties gracious pardon mentioned in his Declaration from Breda wherefore on Munday being the 25. of June His Majesty publish'd a Proclamation in pursuance of his former Declaration declaring that His Majesty did graciously accept of the address of the House of Commons After this the House proceed upon the Act of Indempnity and having resolved that those persons before mentioned should be excepted from life they agree upon 20. more which though yet excluded from death should suffer all penalties and forfeitures excepting life concerning which business after they had had many debates they conclude at last upon these persons following William Lenthall Sir Hen. Vane Sir Arthur Haslerig Col. Sydenham Col. Disborough Ald. Ireton Col. Axtell Mr. Keeble Capt. Blackwell Major Creed Charles Fleetwood Alderman Pack Col. Pine Col. Cobbet Capt. Dean Oliver St. John Will. Nye Ministers John Goodwin Ministers But as the King saw them quick in their justice so he thought them too slow in their mercy and therefore having often press'd them to perfect the Act of Indempnity and nothing yet finish'd he goes himself to the House to hasten them telling them with what impatience he did expect that Act to be presented to him for his assent as the most reasonable and solid foundation of peace and security That he thought the House of Commons too long about it thanking God that he had the same intentions and resolutions which he had at Breda and then reading what he had then writ to them he added afterwards that if they did not then joyn with him in extinguishing the fear which keeps the hearts of men awake and apprehensive of safety and security they would keep him from performing his promise He then thank'd them for their justice to those who had been the immediate murderers of his Father and assured them he never thought of excepting any other and at length conjur'd them that setting all animosities aside to pass that Act without further delay His Majesty having thus put them in mind of their clemency was not forgetfull himself of that gratitude which he thought due to those who had serv'd him with a meritorious loyalty and there casting an eye of grace upon his Excellency the Lord Generall Monck for his faithfull service he was graciously pleas'd to create him Duke of Albemarly Earl of Finington Baron of Potheridge Beaucham and Teyes Captain Generall and Commander in chief of all His Majesties forces both in England Scotland and Ireland Master of His Majesties Horse Knight of the most noble order of the Garter and one of His Majesties most honourable privy Councill Whereupon accompanied with the Duke of Buckingham and other personages of high quality he took his leave of the House of Commons and went to take his place in the House of Peers Gen. Mountague also created Earl of Sandwich Viscount Hinchimbrook Baron of St. Needs Master of the Wardrobe one of the Commanders of the treasurie and Knight of the Garter not long after took his place in the House of Peers Sir John Greenvile who adventur'd first to bring His Majesties Letters over to the Houses and the Lord Generall His Majesty was pleas'd to create Earl of Bath Nor was His Majesty unmindfull of Col. Carles to whom with a small alteration of his name he gave a new coat of Armes which will always be a significant record of that service wherein his Loyalty was so usefull Nor did the Penderils His Majesties faithfull servants in his shelter at Boscobel goe unrewarded of one of whom named William it is reported that being in the Park of St. James's and