with some in Parliament who found it afterwards to their own Trouble The Army marcht nearer London and at Windsor after two days debate in a Council of War it was resolv'd to remove all out of the House whom they conceiv'd did obstruct as they call'd it the Publick Settlement I was prest to use all Expedition in this March but here I resolv'd to use a restrictive Power where I had not a Persuasive And when the Lieutenant-General and others did urge me to sign Orders for marching I still delay'd it as ever dreading the Consequences of breaking Parliaments and at a time when the Kingdom was falling into a new War which was so near that my delaying three or four days giving out Orders diverted this Humour of the Army from being Statesmen to their more proper Duty as Soldiers Then did Collonel Poyer declare in Wales great Forces did rise with my Lord Goring in Kent and Duke Hamilton came into England almost at the same time with a Powerful Army of Scots all which set out work enough that Summer This I write to shew how by Providence a few days of delay secur'd the Parliament above a Year from the Violence which soon after was offered them I might here mention those great and difficult Actions the Army perform'd that Year which were design'd for the Good of the Kingdom but that Factious Party growing more Insolent as Success made them more powerful I shall forbear to relate them which otherwise would have deserv'd a better remembrance than in Modesty were fit for me to give I shall rather punish my self with the continuance of this Story of the Irregularities of the Army But I must not forget one thing of very great Concernment in the after Changes which should have been inserted before the mentioning of this Second War The King's removal from Holmby the sad Consequences whereof fill my Heart with Grief in the remembrance of them as they did then with Care how to prevent them Being at Saffron-Walden in Essex I had notice that Cornet Joyce an Arch-Agitator who Quarter'd about Oxford had seized on the King's Person removed his Guards and given such a Check to the Commissioners of Parliament who were ordered there to attend His Majesty that they refused to act any further on their Commission being so unwarrantably interrupted So soon as I heard of it I immediately sent away two Regiments of Horse Commanded by Colonel Whaley to remove this Force and to set all things again in their due Course and Order But before he came to Holmby the King was advanced two or three Miles on his way to Cambridge attended by Joyce where Colonel Whaley acquainted the King he was sent by the General to let him know how much he was troubled at those great Insolencies that had been committed so near his Person and as he had not the least knowledge of them before they were done so he had omitted no time in seeking to remove that Force which he had Orders from me to see done And therefore he desired His Majesty that he would be pleased to return again to Holmby where all things should be settled again in as much Order and Quietness as they were before And also he desired the Commissioners to reassume their Charge as the Parliament had directed them which he was also to desire them to do from the General But the King refused to return and the Commissioners to Act whereupon Colonel Whaley urged them to it saying He had an express Command to see all things well settled again about His Majesty which could not be done but by His returning again to Holmby The King said positively he would not do it so the Colonel prest him no more to it having indeed a special Direction from me to use all Tenderness and Respect as was due to His Majesty The King came that Night or the next to Sir John Cutts's House near Cambridge and the next day I waited on His Majesty it being also my business to persuade his Return to Holmby but he was otherwise resolv'd I prest the Commissioners also to Act according to the Power given them by the Parliament which they also refus'd to do So having spent the whole day about this business I return'd to my Quarters and as I took leave of the King he said to me Sir I have as good Interest in the Army as you by which I plainly saw the broken Reed he lean'd on The Agitators could change into that Colour which served next to their ends and had brought the King into an Opinion that the Army was for him That it might appear what a real trouble this Act was to me though the Army was almost wholly infected with this Humour of Agitation I call'd for a Council of War to proceed against Joyce for this high Offence and breach of the Articles of War but the Officers whether for fear of the distemper'd Soldiers or rather as I suspected a secret allowance of what was done made all my endeavours in this ineffectual And now no Punishment being able to reach them all Affairs were steer'd after this Compass the King and his Party in Hopes those of the Parliament and others who kept to their Covenant Interest in Fears so as for many Months all Publick Councils were turn'd into private Junto's which begot greater Emulations and Jealousies among them So that the Army would not trust the King any longer with the Liberty he had nor the Parliament suffer the Army to undertake that which was more properly their own Work to Settle the Kingdom in its just Rights and Liberties and the Army was as Jealous that the Parliament would not have care enough of their Security All things growing worse and worse made the King endeavour to escape which he did but out of a larger Confinement at Hampton-Court to a straiter one in the Isle of Wight Here the Parliament treated upon Propositions of Peace with the King but alas the envious one sowed Tares that could not be rooted out but by plucking up the Corn also The King was the Golden Ball cast before the two Parties the Parliament and the Army and the Contest grew so great that it must again have involv'd the Kingdom in Blood but the Army having the greater Power got the King again into their Hands notwithstanding all endevours to hinder it The Treaty was scarce ended before the King was seized on by the Hands of the same Persons that took him from Holmby soon after followed his Trial. To prepare a way to this Work this Agitating Council did first intend to remove all out of the Parliament who were like to oppose them and carried it on with such Secrecy as I had not the least Intimation of it till it was done as some of the Members of the House can witness with whom I was at that very time upon special Business when that Attempt was made by Colonel Pride upon the Parliament which I protest I never had
reason of the Furzes and Ditches we were to pass over before we could get to the Enemy which put us into great disorder Notwithstanding I drew up a Body of 400 Horse But because their Intervals of Horse in this Wing only were lined with Musketteers who did us much hurt with their Shot I was necessitated to charge them We were a long time engag'd one within another but at last we routed that part of their Wing which we charged and pursued them a good way towards York My self only return'd presently to get to the Men I left behind me But that part of the Enemy which stood perceiving the disorder they were in had charged and routed them before I could get to them So that the good Success we had at the first was eclipsed by this bad Conclusion Our other Wing and most of the Foot went on prosperously 'till they had cleared the Field I must ever remember with Thankfulness the Goodness of God to me this day for having charged through the Enemy and my Men going after the Pursuit and returning back to go to my other Troops I was got in among the Enemy who stood up and down the Field in several Bodies of Horse so taking the Signal out of my Hat I past through them for one of their own Commanders and got to my Lord of Manchester's Horse in the other Wing only with a Cut in my Cheek which was given me in the first Charge and a shot which my Horse receiv'd In this Charge many of my Officers and Soldiers were hurt and slain The Captain of my own Troop was shot in the Arm my Cornet had both his Hands cut so as render'd him ever after unserviceable Captain Micklethwait an honest stout Gentlemen was slain And scarce any Officer who was in this Charge but receiv'd a Hurt Coll. Lambert who should have seconded me but could not get up to me Charged in another place Major Fairfax who was Major to his Regiment had at least thirty Wounds of which he dyed at York after he had been abroad again and in good hopes of recovery But that which nearest of all concern'd me was the loss of my Brother who being deserted of his Men was sore wounded of which in three or four Days after he dyed Buried at Marston Aetat 23. In this Charge as many were hurt and kill'd as in the whole Army besides On the Enemy's part there were above 4000 slain and many taken Prisoners Prince Rupert returned into the South the Earl of Newcastle went beyond Sea with many of his Officers York was presently surrendered and the North now was wholly reduced by the Parliament's Forces except some Garrisons Soon after this I went to Helmesley to take in the Castle there where I received a dangerous Shot in my Shoulder and was brought back to York all being doubtful of my Recovery for some time At the same time the Parliament voted me to Command the Army in the South But my Intentions being only to keep in mind what I had been present in during this Northern War I shall put an end to this Discourse where it pleas'd God to determine my Service there Yet thus with some smart from his Rod to let me see I was not mindful enough of returning my humble Thanks and Acknowledgments for the Deliverances and Mercies I received and for which alas I am not yet capable enough to Praise him as I ought that may say by Experience Who is a God like unto Our God Therefore not unto us O Lord not unto us but unto thy Name give we the Praise But as for my self and what I have done I may say with Solomon I looked on all the Works that my Hands had wrought and on the Labour that I had laboured to do and behold all was Vanity and vexation of Spirit For there is no remembrance of the Wise more than the Fool for ever seeing that which now is in the Days to come shall be forgotten T. Fairfax SHORT MEMORIALS OF Some things to be cleared during my Command in the Army BY the Grace and Assistance of God I shall truly set down the Grounds of my Actions during this unhappy War and especially of those Actions which seem'd to the World most questionable My first engaging in the sad Calamities of the War was about the Year 1641 when the general Distemper of the three Kingdoms I mean the Difference betwixt the King and Parliament had kindled such a Flame even in the Heart of the State that before a Remedy could be found the whole Body was almost consumed to Ashes I must needs say my Judgment was for the Parliament as the King and Kingdoms great and safest Council As others were averse to Parliaments because they did not go high enough for Prerogative Upon this Division different Powers were set up The Commission of Array for the King and the Militia for the Parliament But those of the Array exceeded their Commission in oppressing many honest People whom by way of Reproach they called Roundheads who for their Religion Estates and Interest were a very considerable part of the Country which occasion'd them to take up Arms in their own defence and it was afterward confirm'd by Authority of Parliament My Father being yet at his House at Denton where I then waited on him had notice from his Friends that it was intended he should be sent for as a Prisoner to York He resolved not to stir from his own House not being conscious to himself of any thing to deserve Imprisonment The Country suffering daily more and more many came and intreated him to join with them in defence of themselves and Country which was extremely oppressed by those of the Array who after had the Name of Cavaliers and he being also much importun'd by those about him seeing his Neighbours in this Distress resolv'd to run the same Hazard with them Then did the Parliament grant a Commission to him to be General of the Forces in the North my self also having a Commission under him to be General of the Horse It is not my intention in this place to relate the services done in this Cause of the Parliament For I am rather desirous to clear my Actions than declare them and therefore I shall say no more of this three years War in the North there being nothing I thank God in all that time to be objected against me in particular But I shall say something how I came to be engaged in the South Some years had been spent in those Parts in a lingring War betwixt the King and Parliament and several Battels so equally fought that it could scarce be known on which side the business in dispute would be determin'd Though it must be confest that the Parliaments Army was under the Command of a very noble and gallant Person the Earl of Essex yet they found that time and delay gain'd more advantage against them and their Affairs than Force had done They
Wetherby for the securing of the West-Riding or the greatest part of it from whence our chief Supplies came I was sent to Wetherby with three hundred Foot and forty Horse The Enemy's next design from York was to fall upon my Quarters there being a Place very open and easy for them to assault there being so many back-ways and Friends enough to direct them and give them intelligence About six a clock one morning they fell upon us with eight hundred Horse and Foot the Woods thereabout favouring them so much that Our Scouts had no notice of them and no Allarm was given till they were ready to enter the Town Which they might easily do the Guards being all asleep in Houses for in the beginning of the War Men were as impatient of Duty as they were ignorant of it I my self was only on Horseback and going out of the other End of the Town to Tadcaster where my Father lay when one came running after me and told me the Enemy was entring the Town I presently galloped to the Court of Guard where I found not above four Men at their Arms as I remember two Serjeants and two Pikemen who stood with me when Sir Thomas Glenham with about six or seven Commanders more charged us and after a short but sharp Encounter they retired in which one Major Carr was slain and by this time more of the Guards were got to their Arms. I must confess I knew no Strength but the powerful Hand of God that gave them this Repulse After this they made another Attempt in which Captain Atkinson on our part was slain And here again there fell out another remarkable Providence during this Conflict our Magazine was blown up This struck such a Terror into the Enemy believing we had Cannon which they were before inform'd we had not that they instantly retreated And though I had but a few Horse we pursued the Enemy some Miles and took many Prisoners We lost about eight or ten Men whereof seven were blown up with Powder the Enemy lost many more At this time the Earl of Cumberland Commanded the Forces in York-shire for the King He being of a peaceable Nature and affable Disposition had but few Enemies or rather because he was an Enemy to few he did not suit with their present Condition Their Apprehensions and Fears caused them to send to the Earl of Newcastle who had an Army of six thousand Men to desire his Assistance whereof he assured them by a speedy March to York Being now encouraged by this increase of Force they resolv'd to fall upon Tadcaster My Father drew all his Men thither but in a Council of War the Town was judged untenable and that we should draw out to an advantagious piece of Ground by the Town But before we could all march out the Enemy advanced so fast that we were necessitated to leave some Foot in a slight Work above the Bridge to secure our Retreat but the Enemy pressing on us forced us to draw back to maintain that Ground We had about nine hundred Men the Enemy above four thousand who in Brigades drew up close to the Works and storm'd us Our Men reserv'd their shot till they came near which they did then dispose of to so good purpose that the Enemy was forced to retire and shelter themselves behind the Hedges And here did the first Fight continue from Eleven a Clock at Noon till Five at Night with Cannon and Musquet without intermission They had once possessed a House by the Bridge which would have cut us from our Reserves that were in the Town but Major General Gifford with a Commanded Party beat them out again where many of the Enemy were slain and taken Prisoners They attempted an another Place but were repulsed by Captain Lister who was there slain a great Loss being a Discreet Gentleman By this time it grew dark and the Enemy drew off into the Fields hard by with intention to assault us again the next day They left that Night above two hundred dead and wounded upon the Place But our Ammunition being all spent in this day's Fight we drew off that Night and marched to Selby and the Enemy entred the next Morning into the Town Thus by the Mercy of God were a few delivered from an Army who in their thoughts had swallowed us up The Earl of Newcastle now lay betwixt us and our Friends in the West-Riding but to assist and encourage them I was sent with about three hundred Foot and three Troops of Horse and some Arms to Bradford I was to go by Ferry-bridge Our Intelligence being that the Enemy was advanced no further than Sherburne but when I was within a mile of the Town we took some Prisoners who told us my Lord of Newcastle lay at Pontefract eight hundred Men in Ferry-bridge and the rest of the Army in all the Towns thereabout So that our Advance or Retreat seem'd alike difficult Little time being allowed us to consider we resolv'd to retreat to Selby three or four hundred Horse of the Enemy shewed themselves in the Rear without making any attempt upon us so that by the Goodness of God we got safe to Selby Three days after this upon better Intelligence how the Enemy lay with the same Number as before I marched in the Night by several Towns where they lay and came the next Day to Bradford a Town very untenable but for their good affection to us deserving all we could hazard for them Our first Work then was to Fortifie Our selves for we could not but expect an Assault There lay at Leeds fifteen hundred of the Enemy and twelve hundred at Wakefield neither place above six or seven Miles distant from us They visited us every Day with their Horse Ours not going far from the Town being very unequal in Number yet the Enemy seldom return'd without Loss till at last our few Men grew so bold and theirs so disheartned that they durst not stir a Mile from their Garisons Whilst these daily Skirmishes were among the Horse I thought it necessary to strengthen our selves with more Foot I summon'd the Country who had by this time more liberty to come to us I presently Armed them with those Arms we brought along with us So that in all we were about eight hundred Foot Being too many to lye idle and too few to be upon constant Duty we resolv'd through the assistance of God to attempt them in their Garisons We summon'd the Country again and made a Body of twelve or thirteen hundred Men with which we marched to Leeds and drew them up within half Cannon-shot of their Works in Battalia and then sent a Trumpet with a Summons to deliver up the Town to me for the use of King and Parliament They presently returned this Answer That it was not civilly done to come so near before I sent the Summons and that they would defend the Town the best they could with their
For he had found it so That when he pleas'd to Conquer he was able And left the Spoil and Plunder to the Rabble He might have been a King But that he understood How much it is a meaner thing To be unjustly Great than honourably Good This from the World did admiration draw And from his Friends both love and awe Remembring what he did in Fight before Nay has Foes lov'd him too As they were bound to do Because he was resolv'd to Fight no more So blest of all he di'd but far more blest were we If we were sure to live till we could see A Man as Great in War as Just in Peace as He. Bradford Tadcaster Wetherby * One of them had a Pension for his Life till 1670. Tadcaster Leeds Sherburn Col. Prideaux escap'd * Seacroft Moore VVakefield Adderton-Moor Bradford Selby * Duck. of Buck. Winsby or Horncastle * Charles Fairfax In Rent c. There is lately Publish'd PROPOSALS for the Subscriptions to a Book now Ready for the Press Entituled The Fourth and Last Part of Mr. RUSHWORTH's Historical Collections Containing the Principal Matters which happen'd from the Beginning of the Year 1645. where the Third Part ended to the Death of King Charles the First 1648. Impartially Related Setting forth only Matter of Fact in Order of Time without Observation or Reflection Fitted for the Press in his Life-time To which will be added Exact Alphabetical Tables WHEREAS many Gentlemen are already provided with all the Parts of Mr. Rushworth's Collections which are yet Printed viz. The FIRST PART in One Volume which Began with the 16th Year of King James the First Anno 1618. and Ended the Fifth Year of King Charles the First Anno 1629. The SECOND PART in Two Volumes Beginning Anno 1629. and Ending Anno 1640. The THIRD PART in Two Volumes Beginning at the Meeting of the Parliament November 3. 1640. and Ending 1644. And being Desirous of Compleating their Sets of that Laborious and Exact Collection The UNDERTAKERS of this Fourth and Last Part having Purchased the Copy at a very Considerable Rate do Propose to Print it by Subscriptions upon the Terms following I. It shall be Printed in Two Volumes after the same Manner with those already Published and will Contain about Five Hundred Sheets Which at the usual Rate in Common Sale could not be allow'd for less than Forty Shillings Unbound of the Small Paper and Four Pounds of the Large Paper Five and Twenty only will be Printed on Large Paper for Accommodation of such Gentlemen as have the Former Volumes of the same Paper II. That every Gentleman upon Subscribing shall Pay down in Part Twenty Shillings for One Book of the Small Paper and Thirty Shillings for One of the Large Paper and at Delivery of a Perfect Book in Quires Fifteen Shillings more for the Small and Thirty Shillings more for the Large Paper III. That whoever Subscribes for Six Books of the Small Paper shall have a Seventh Gratis Which reduceth the Price to Thirty Shillings Note No advantage can be allow'd on the Large Paper Books IV. That no more Books will be Printed than what shall be Subscribed for And if any Books shall happen to be left on our hands by any Subscribers they shall not be sold for less than Forty Shillings Unbound V. Subscriptions will be taken till the 29th of June next being the Last Day of Midsummer-Term and the Book shall be finished in Michaelmas-Term following And whereas there were Printed of the FIRST PART above Three Thousand of the SECOND PART Two Thousand which are all Sold of and of the THIRD PART near Fifteen Hundred of which some are yet unsold Divers Gentlemen suspending to buy the THIRD PART till the WHOLE should be finished so that there are abroad several Sets Imperfect Now for the Encouragement of SUBSCRIBERS to this Fourth Part and the Accommodation of such Gentlemen who are not yet furnished with the Third The Undertakers do Propose to all SUCH and no others The Third Part at Thirty Shillings in Quires of the Small Paper and Three Pounds of the Large Paper These Papers of Proposals are to be had of the UNDERTAKERS Richard Chiswell at the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard AND Thomas Cockerill in Amen-Corner at the End of Pater-Noster-Row And of most Booksellers in London and the Country BOOKS Printed for Ric. Chiswell WHarton's Anglia Sacra In 2 Volumes Folio Dr. Cave's Lives of the Primive Fathers In 2 Vol. Folio Dr. John Lightfoot's Works In 2 Vol. Folio Dr. Pet. Allix's Remarks upon the Ecclesiastical History of the Ancient Churches of Piedmont and Albigences In 2 Parts Quarto Bishop Burnet's Collection of Tracts relating both to Church and State from 1678 to 1694. In 3 Vol. Quarto Dr. Wake 's Eleven Treatises against Popery In 2 Vol. Quarto Dr. Tennison now Lord Archbishop of Canterbury his Account of the Conference with Pulton the Jesuit Quarto His Nine Sermons upon Several Occasions Quarto A Discourse of the Unreasonableness of Separation on account of the Oaths By Bishop Stilling fleet Quarto A Vindication of the said Discourse By Dr. Williams Quarto A Vindication of His Majesty's Authority to fill the Sees of the Deprived Bishops By Bishop Stilling fleet Quarto Dr. William's Discourse of the Lawfulness of Worshipping God by the Common-Prayer Quarto His Representation of the absurd and mischievous Principles of the Muggletonians Quarto The Secret Consults Negotiations and Intriegues of the Romish Party in Ireland from 1660 to 1689. Quarto An Impartial History of the Wars in Ireland In Two Parts With Copper Sculpturs By Mr. Story now Dean of Down and Connor present in the same The New Cambridge Dictionary In Five Alphabets Quarto England's Wants Or some Proposals to the Parliament probably beneficial to England Quarto Dr. Allix's Reflections on the Holy Scripture Octavo Cole 's English and Latin Dictionary Octavo The Jesuits Memorial for the intended Reformation of England under a Popish Prince Octavo Found in King James's Closet The History of the Troubles and Trial of Archbishop Laud wrote by himself Published by Henry Wharton Folio Remarks on Mr. Hill's Vindication of the Primitive Fathers against Bishop Burnet Animadversions on Mr. Hill's Vindication of the Primitive Fathers against Bishop Burnet Dr. William's Vindication of Archbishop Tillotson's Sermons against the Socinians and of the Bishop of Worcester's Sermon of the Mysteries of the Christian Religion To which is annexed a Letter from the Bishop of Salisbury to the Author in Vindication of his Discourse of the Divinity of our Saviour Quarto Books written by Symon Patrick D. D. now Lord Bishop of Ely The Parable of the Pilgrim written to a Friend The Sixth Edition Quarto 1681. Mensa Mystica Or a Discourse concerning the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper In which the Ends of the Institution are so manifest our Addresses to it so directed our Behaviour there and afterward so composed that we may not lose the Profits