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d'avis_fw-la it_o be_v think_v fit_a by_o themselves_o but_o be_v et_fw-la pour_fw-fr ceo_fw-la que_fw-fr avis_fw-fr feust_fw-fr a_fw-fr eux_fw-fr that_o be_v because_o advice_n be_v give_v they_o by_o other_o to_o go_v away_o they_o absent_v themselves_o probable_o in_o obedience_n to_o those_o law_n which_o forbid_v their_o presence_n and_o they_o return_v no_o more_o say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n p._n 8._o and_o the_o advice_n be_v give_v by_o the_o lord_n temporal_a only_o no_o say_v the_o grand_a questionist_n p._n 102._o the_o bishop_n 102._o and_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n go_v only_o into_o another_o room_n to_o consult_v therein_o which_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o time_n i_o do_v not_o at_o all_o doubt_n but_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n have_v several_a room_n to_o retire_v to_o upon_o occasion_n but_o that_o in_o this_o case_n they_o do_v go_v apart_o to_o consult_v and_o give_v advice_n in_o this_o business_n seem_v very_o unreasonable_a for_o any_o 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a_o capital_a crime_n high_a treason_n and_o a_o capital_a proceed_n upon_o it_o we_o see_v the_o sentence_n be_v far_o from_o capital_a and_o can_v not_o have_v be_v such_o as_o it_o be_v if_o the_o crime_n have_v be_v lay_v in_o the_o accusation_n to_o be_v high_a treason_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o this_o business_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o treason_n he_o say_v that_o the_o king_n call_v a_o great_a council_n at_o northampton_n taedium_fw-la magnum_fw-la fecit_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la do_v a_o thing_n which_o much_o vex_v the_o archbishop_n which_o be_v that_o he_o cause_v his_o horse_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o arch_a bishop_n inn_n whereupon_o the_o archbishop_n send_v the_o king_n word_n that_o he_o will_v not_o come_v to_o the_o council_n till_o his_o inn_n be_v clear_v of_o those_o horse_n yet_o upon_o the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o meeting_n the_o arch_a bishop_n come_v into_o the_o chapel_n where_o the_o council_n sit_v and_o there_o 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expression_n he_o be_v persuade_v by_o the_o baron_n to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n mercy_n for_o a_o fine_a of_o five_o hundred_o pound_n here_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o this_o that_o can_v possible_o infer_v any_o thing_n like_o treason_n and_o it_o be_v something_o observable_a what_o both_o these_o author_n say_v of_o the_o judgement_n give_v gervasius_n say_v curiali_fw-la judicio_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la consensu_fw-la condemnatus_fw-la est_fw-la as_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o this_o judgement_n be_v something_o differ_v from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o comprise_v in_o it_o hoveden_n say_v barones_n curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la eum_fw-la as_o if_o the_o bishop_n have_v no_o hand_n in_o it_o at_o all_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la decanus_n londinensis_fw-la i_o suppose_v dean_n of_o paul_n who_o live_v in_o those_o time_n mention_n this_o business_n he_o say_v that_o the_o archbishop_n be_v question_v upon_o 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acknowledge_v to_o
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from_o i_o and_o have_v much_o more_o of_o reason_n and_o something_o though_o not_o much_o more_o of_o civility_n and_o fairness_n in_o the_o maintain_n of_o it_o so_o as_o whether_o or_o no_o his_o reason_n will_v convince_v i_o i_o know_v not_o but_o if_o they_o do_v i_o will_v certain_o grant_v it_o for_o my_o maxim_n be_v still_o amicus_fw-la plato_n amicus_fw-la socrates_n sed_fw-la magis_fw-la amica_fw-la veritas_fw-la the_o writer_n of_o this_o treatise_n entitle_v the_o grand_a question_n concern_v the_o bishop_n right_a to_o vote_n in_o parliament_n in_o case_n capital_a state_v and_o argue_v do_v state_n the_o question_n right_a that_o be_v whether_o the_o bishop_n may_v be_v present_a and_o vote_n judicial_o in_o capital_a case_n which_o come_v to_o be_v judge_v in_o parliament_n either_o in_o give_v the_o judgement_n itself_o or_o in_o resolve_v and_o determine_v any_o circumstance_n preparatory_a and_o lead_v to_o that_o judgement_n then_o he_o set_v down_o some_o thing_n 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into_o parliament_n and_o there_o approve_v of_o and_o the_o attainder_n confirm_v but_o under_o henry_n the_o eight_o several_a person_n be_v condemn_v by_o bill_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n late_o in_o our_o memory_n which_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v authorize_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o parliament_n sir_n edw._n cook_n tell_v a_o story_n which_o he_o have_v from_o sir_n thomas_n gaudy_n one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n how_o the_o king_n have_v command_v cromwell_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o essex_n to_o attend_v the_o justice_n and_o know_v of_o they_o if_o a_o man_n who_o be_v forth_o come_v shall_v be_v condemn_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n without_o be_v hear_v who_o after_o some_o fence_n answer_v if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o can_v not_o be_v afterward_o call_v into_o question_n and_o cromwell_n himself_o be_v not_o long_o after_o so_o serve_v but_o this_o be_v by_o the_o way_n multa_fw-la quae_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la facta_fw-la valent_fw-la 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church_n and_o therefore_o they_o say_v it_o for_o themselves_o and_o leave_v it_o as_o a_o rule_n for_o their_o successor_n even_o to_o bishop_n and_o all_o other_o dispenser_n of_o the_o word_n and_o sacrament_n that_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n they_o shall_v leave_v the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o serve_v table_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v a_o non_fw-fr est_fw-la consonum_fw-la by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n just_a as_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n a_o writ_n be_v provide_v declare_v it_o to_o be_v likewise_o a_o non_fw-la est_fw-la consonum_fw-la and_o to_o be_v contra_fw-la morem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la that_o clergyman_n shall_v be_v employ_v in_o secular_a affair_n this_o indeed_o i_o hint_v at_o then_o as_o i_o give_v also_o some_o little_a touch_n at_o
with_o a_o evil_a eye_n with_o much_o other_o such_o language_n throughout_o his_o book_n which_o the_o reader_n may_v observe_v if_o he_o please_v he_o ought_v with_o more_o reason_n to_o have_v consider_v the_o age_n the_o quality_n the_o place_n this_o octavo_n gentleman_n beld_v at_o court_n the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v his_o country_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o rather_o than_o to_o have_v load_v the_o ash_n of_o a_o dead_a nobleman_n with_o revile_n rail_a language_n and_o reproach_n who_o be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o person_n of_o so_o great_a worth_n and_o experience_n the_o reader_n will_v pardon_v this_o warmth_n in_o i_o when_o i_o hear_v a_o person_n now_o at_o rest_n so_o slight_v who_o have_v he_o be_v alive_a this_o little_a gown-man_n dare_v not_o have_v approach_v without_o mark_n of_o reverence_n and_o submission_n but_o let_v we_o allow_v he_o to_o make_v up_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o reason_v by_o the_o length_n of_o his_o rail_a three_o his_o extravagancy_n be_v so_o numerous_a that_o nigh_o every_o leaf_n have_v somewhat_o or_o other_o of_o that_o nature_n conjecture_n and_o surmise_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o proof_n must_v pass_v for_o demonstration_n one_o while_o the_o bishop_n be_v spiritual_a baron_n a_o title_n i_o never_o remember_v give_v to_o they_o nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o lord_n spiritual_a till_o the_o time_n of_o rich._n ii_o another_o time_n feudal_n baron_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o than_o feudal_n nobility_n sometime_o they_o be_v barones_n majores_fw-la yet_o not_o ennoble_v in_o blood_n nor_o their_o honour_n 129._o confer_v upon_o they_o by_o any_o actual_a ceremony_n or_o otherwise_o esteem_v than_o baron_n by_o tenure_n and_o that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n intend_v that_o as_o a_o honour_n which_o themselves_o and_o all_o other_o historian_n complain_v of_o as_o a_o burden_n that_o the_o bishop_n in_o parliament_n be_v a_o full_a three_o estate_n and_o yet_o we_o know_v act_n be_v good_a when_o they_o be_v either_o exclude_v absent_a or_o oppose_v the_o pass_v they_o and_o yet_o they_o never_o represent_v any_o but_o themselves_o sometime_o he_o be_v trouble_v that_o the_o nomination_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v in_o the_o king_n these_o thing_n cursory_o observe_v by_o i_o make_v his_o whole_a book_n appear_v a_o indigested_a lump_n fit_a to_o be_v lick_v over_o if_o so_o it_o may_v be_v bring_v into_o any_o form_n it_o be_v not_o unlike_o a_o lottery_n where_o after_o a_o hundred_o blank_n you_o may_v chance_n get_v a_o prize_n but_o i_o shall_v leave_v a_o further_a examination_n of_o his_o crude_a notion_n to_o another_o hand_n who_o may_v be_v more_o concern_v to_o detect_v his_o error_n than_o i_o be_o however_o i_o can_v omit_v the_o take_a notice_n of_o his_o pompous_a title_n â—…tis_o indeed_o a_o titulus_fw-la sesquipetulcus_fw-la their_o right_a unalterable_a in_o that_o place_n in_o the_o government_n they_o now_o enjoy_v which_o fancy_n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o consequence_n of_o his_o own_o make_n page_z 122_o that_o the_o bishop_n can_v be_v detrude_v from_o that_o place_n they_o bear_v in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n for_o that_o no_o government_n can_v legal_o or_o by_o any_o lawful_a power_n be_v change_v but_o must_v remain_v for_o ever_o once_o establish_v and_o it_o can_v be_v less_o than_o treason_n of_o state_n to_o attempt_v a_o change_n no_o authority_n in_o the_o world_n be_v competent_a to_o make_v any_o alteration_n how_o false_a this_o position_n be_v he_o will_v find_v if_o he_o consult_v the_o frequent_a change_n of_o government_n since_o the_o creation_n in_o the_o jewish_a grecian_a roman_a nay_o in_o our_o britannic_a state_n with_o many_o other_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o can_v i_o imagine_v this_o maxim_n can_v serve_v he_o to_o any_o other_o end_n than_o to_o arraign_v those_o parliament_n who_o have_v make_v law_n without_o they_o or_o that_o in_o 17_o car._n 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give_v it_o they_o in_o all_o thing_n do_v rather_o perplex_v it_o i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o this_o unwary_a writer_n who_o whilst_o he_o seem_v so_o zealous_a for_o the_o government_n do_v himself_o in_o the_o main_a part_n of_o it_o unhinge_v and_o destroy_v it_o do_v he_o not_o pag._n 144._o endeavour_n to_o destroy_v the_o most_o ancient_a court_n of_o chancery_n which_o he_o call_v both_o a_o reproach_n and_o grievance_n to_o the_o nation_n do_v he_o not_o spend_v some_o leave_n to_o show_v how_o this_o may_v be_v effect_v by_o set_v up_o as_o many_o chancellor_n as_o there_o shall_v be_v judge_n in_o court_n which_o must_v in_o the_o end_n be_v either_o whole_o useless_a or_o run_v we_o upon_o a_o arbitrary_a way_n of_o proceed_v and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o our_o ancient_a way_n of_o trial_n by_o jury_n and_o leave_v all_o in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o determine_v let_v he_o not_o now_o think_v to_o take_v off_o the_o envy_n of_o this_o by_o a_o fawn_a 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church_n and_o nation_n he_o will_v never_o have_v enter_v the_o list_n in_o this_o quarrel_n be_v himself_o whole_o conformable_a and_o in_o his_o judgement_n full_o approve_v the_o polity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n as_o the_o best_a reform_a of_o any_o other_o he_o know_v have_v clear_v herself_o from_o the_o superstitious_a formality_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o on_o the_o other_o not_o require_v from_o her_o child_n under_o term_n of_o communion_n any_o thing_n in_o which_o she_o may_v not_o lawful_o as_o he_o think_v be_v obey_v but_o be_v full_o convince_v that_o their_o assert_v this_o right_n in_o themselves_o will_v bring_v forth_o no_o other_o fruit_n except_o envy_n to_o their_o person_n and_o perhaps_o sometime_o or_o other_o through_o the_o unequal_a affection_n of_o a_o headstrong_a people_n prejudice_n to_o their_o function_n i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o induce_v to_o make_v know_v my_o thought_n herein_o i_o observe_v 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barony_n for_o aught_o appear_v of_o elder_a time_n which_o he_o deny_v any_o do_v before_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o of_o which_o perhaps_o more_o anon_o do_v believe_v 700._o that_o this_o tenure_n be_v enact_v by_o some_o parliament_n in_o william_n time_n precede_v to_o this_o who_o journal_o or_o record_n be_v now_o lose_v yet_o add_v for_o a_o further_a proof_n the_o authority_n of_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n in_o his_o hand_n belong_v it_o seem_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o ramsey_n of_o matth._n paris_n where_o over_o the_o year_n 1070_o be_v insert_v these_o word_n in_o this_o year_n the_o servitium_n baroniae_n be_v impose_v upon_o ramsey_n this_o perhaps_o may_v equal_o concern_v other_o abbey_n yet_o seem_v but_o a_o weak_a proof_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n as_o to_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o somewhat_o in_o ingulphus_n and_o the_o subsequent_a practice_n give_v some_o light_n to_o the_o business_n but_o neither_o law_n nor_o practice_n ought_v to_o be_v force_v or_o stretch_v to_o a_o great_a latitude_n than_o the_o natural_a construction_n of_o the_o word_n will_v bear_v it_o can_v reasonable_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o ancestor_n when_o learn_v in_o layman_n be_v very_o rare_a that_o the_o clergy_n bear_v a_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o council_n of_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n who_o busy_v themselves_o in_o little_a more_o than_o feat_n of_o arm_n and_o hospitality_n but_o the_o clergy_n a_o wary_a and_o vigilant_a sort_n of_o people_n guide_v by_o the_o subtle_a head_n of_o rome_n under_o who_o banner_n they_o always_o fight_v what_o under_o pretence_n of_o piety_n satisfaction_n for_o sin_n commit_v redemption_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o purgatory_n and_o what_o not_o captivate_v the_o conscience_n and_o drain_v the_o purse_n of_o most_o of_o the_o ignorant_a multitude_n nay_o so_o holy_a be_v their_o function_n and_o so_o sacred_a their_o person_n that_o no_o secular_a tribunal_n be_v by_o they_o think_v sanctify_v enough_o to_o question_v their_o action_n but_o they_o still_o press_v to_o be_v remit_v to_o their_o own_o or_o by_o their_o appeal_n to_o rome_n frustrate_v the_o design_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n william_n the_o first_o be_v desirous_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o exorbitant_a pride_n and_o grow_a power_n of_o these_o man_n and_o yet_o not_o disgrace_v their_o call_v do_v as_o before_o be_v mention_v out_o of_o mat._n paris_n ordain_v that_o the_o clergy_n shall_v not_o be_v whole_o exempt_v from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o probable_o may_v before_o that_o have_v alter_v their_o tenure_n which_o mostwhat_a before_o be_v in_o frankalmoign_n unto_o the_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la sicut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la or_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o barony_n by_o which_o they_o be_v make_v subject_a to_o such_o service_n as_o tenant_n in_o cap._n per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la be_v tie_v unto_o and_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o sit_v among_o the_o other_o nobleman_n and_o the_o baron_n peer_n be_v first_o summon_v thereunto_o by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v most_o man_n have_v consider_v the_o nobilitas_fw-la major_n or_o those_o who_o constitute_v the_o house_n of_o peer_n under_o a_o threefold_a relation_n first_o as_o make_v earl_n or_o baron_n by_o creation_n and_o a_o actual_a ceremony_n of_o major_n investure_n of_o robe_n and_o a_o succeed_a charter_n and_o write_v to_o attend_v in_o parliament_n when_o summon_v the_o charter_n comprehend_v some_o limitation_n how_o the_o honour_n shall_v go_v or_o else_o some_o pension_n to_o the_o baron_n to_o support_v their_o dignity_n and_o title_n of_o which_o you_o may_v see_v more_o example_n finem_fw-la in_o mr._n selden_n tit._n of_o hon._n part_n 2._o cap._n 5._o such_o i_o conceive_v be_v that_o charter_n make_v by_o king_n stephen_n to_o mandevile_n earl_n of_o essex_n and_o renew_v again_o by_o maud_n the_o empress_n the_o like_a be_v that_o of_o miles_n earl_n of_o hertford_n grant_v by_o maud_n and_o renew_v by_o hen._n ii_o which_o charter_n only_o serve_v to_o convey_v the_o 33._o three_o penny_n of_o the_o county_n now_o these_o charter_n be_v usual_a as_o to_o earl_n which_o be_v the_o high_a degree_n at_o that_o time_n and_o a_o actual_a ceremony_n be_v also_o use_v in_o the_o make_n 51._o of_o knight_n which_o be_v the_o low_a degree_n of_o honour_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n but_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o same_o ceremony_n of_o invetisture_n be_v use_v to_o baron_n which_o be_v the_o middle_a degree_n some_o light_n be_v give_v to_o this_o by_o consider_v the_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o lord_n john_n beauchamp_n of_o holt._n where_o the_o word_n be_v ipsum_fw-la johannem_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la parium_n &_o baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la praefecimus_fw-la volentes_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la johannes_n &_o haeredes_fw-la masculi_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la svo_fw-la exeuntes_fw-la statum_fw-la baronis_fw-la obtineant_fw-la ac_fw-la domini_fw-la de_fw-la beauchamp_n &_o barones_n the_o kiddermister_n nuncupenter_n in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la testimonium_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o be_v in_o this_o charter_n no_o word_n of_o creation_n but_o all_o in_o the_o preterperfect_a tense_n we_o have_v promote_v must_v refer_v to_o some_o act_n do_v before_o and_o this_o charter_n serve_v only_o to_o limit_v how_o the_o estate_n shall_v go_v mr._n seld._n tit._n hon._n part_n 2._o cap._n 5._o p._n 747._o i_o edit_v in_o fol._n i_o know_v reckon_v this_o 747._o as_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o a_o baron_n by_o patent_n but_o do_v not_o observe_v the_o word_n nor_o his_o own_o subsequent_a patent_n make_v to_o other_o where_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o present_a tense_n and_o constituent_v of_o the_o honour_n grant_v viz._n praficimus_fw-la constituimus_fw-la creamus_fw-la we_o do_v create_v promote_v and_o appoint_v neither_o can_v i_o imagine_v what_o right_o those_o ancient_a baron_n of_o which_o we_o have_v yet_o some_o left_a who_o be_v so_o before_o rich._n ii_o have_v to_o come_v this_o day_n in_o robe_n have_v not_o their_o ancestor_n be_v invest_v with_o they_o in_o their_o creation_n and_o different_a from_o those_o of_o earl_n now_o this_o as_o it_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a so_o be_v it_o the_o most_o honourable_a way_n of_o confer_v honour_n so_o be_v it_o also_o the_o most_o noble_a by_o which_o their_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o ennoble_v but_o also_o all_o other_o right_n and_o privilege_n compatible_a to_o that_o degree_n be_v give_v unto_o they_o and_o certain_o we_o must_v make_v some_o difference_n between_o one_o make_v a_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o charter_n and_o one_o so_o call_v in_o ordinary_a speech_n of_o which_o name_n no_o man_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o be_v in_o some_o sense_n capable_a we_o be_v all_o peer_n to_o those_o of_o our_o own_o degree_n now_o of_o these_o peer_n thus_o ennoble_v by_o the_o invetisture_n of_o robe_n some_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n by_o writ_n after_o the_o ceremony_n of_o invetisture_n have_v be_v perform_v and_o have_v never_o any_o patent_n to_o limit_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o honour_n such_o have_v their_o honour_n in_o fee-simple_n and_o it_o go_v to_o the_o heir_n general_a of_o which_o we_o have_v many_o example_n where_o the_o sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o such_o a_o baron_n have_v not_o only_o convey_v the_o honour_n to_o her_o descendants_n but_o enjoy_v the_o title_n herself_o during_o life_n among_o many_o i_o will_v only_o instance_n in_o one_o charles_n longuevile_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o susanna_n heir_n general_a to_o the_o barony_n de_fw-fr grey_n of_o ruthin_n leave_v only_o one_o daughter_n name_v susanna_n charles_n her_o father_n be_v receive_v in_o parliament_n in_o his_o robe_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n he_o die_v leave_v the_o foresay_a only_a daughter_n who_o after_o his_o death_n marry_a sir_n henry_n yeluerton_n of_o easton_n manduit_n in_o northamptonshire_n baronet_n sir_n henry_n die_v leave_v sir_n charles_n yeluerton_n baronet_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n than_o a_o minor_a susanna_n enjoy_v the_o honour_n during_o her_o life_n and_o at_o her_o death_n leave_v charles_n still_o under_o age_n who_o immediate_o possess_v the_o honour_n and_o at_o his_o full_a age_n be_v call_v by_o writ_n sit_v in_o his_o robe_n in_o parliament_n till_o he_o die_v which_o happen_v soon_o after_o his_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o without_o any_o issue_n leave_v the_o honour_n to_o henry_n his_o brother_n and_o heir_n yet_o alive_a and_o under_o age._n see_v sir_n william_n dugdale_n history_n of_o the_o baronage_n title_n lord_n grey_n first_o part_n pag._n 718_o 719._o baron_fw-fr the_o second_o way_n by_o which_o some_o have_v conceive_v baron_n be_v make_v have_v be_v by_o writ_n only_o without_o any_o other_o formality_n or_o ceremony_n whatsoever_o and_o of_o this_o
opinion_n have_v be_v some_o herald_n and_o have_v contend_v that_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n the_o person_n be_v ennoble_v and_o if_o his_o descendants_n be_v so_o call_v for_o three_o descent_n the_o blood_n be_v ennoble_v i_o conceive_v this_o opinion_n to_o be_v erroneous_a for_o it_o be_v against_o a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v pass_v any_o thing_n by_o implication_n and_o as_o unreasonable_a to_o believe_v he_o may_v not_o have_v liberty_n to_o require_v the_o counsel_n of_o his_o subject_n without_o confer_v a_o honour_n upon_o they_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v beside_o it_o will_v hence_o follow_v that_o during_o divers_a parliament_n of_o edw._n 1._o almost_o all_o in_o edw._n 2._o and_o many_o in_o edw._n 3._o all_o the_o judge_n king_n sergeant_n and_o many_o other_o be_v ennoble_v for_o they_o have_v the_o same_o writ_n the_o baron_n have_v yet_o be_v never_o account_v such_o nay_o be_v often_o after_o such_o summon_v omit_v the_o know_a case_n of_o mounthermer_n be_v very_o pertinent_a to_o our_o purpose_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o relict_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gloster_n who_o have_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earldom_n in_o jointure_n her_o husband_n be_v summon_v as_o a_o earl_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o her_o son_n but_o after_o he_o come_v of_o age_n mounthermer_n be_v summon_v as_o a_o baron_n baron_n during_o his_o own_o life_n and_o after_o whole_o omit_v in_o his_o descendants_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o his_o summons_n ennoble_v he_o but_o in_o regard_v his_o descendants_n be_v not_o call_v the_o blood_n be_v not_o ennoble_v what_o will_v they_o then_o say_v to_o the_o case_n of_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-fr camois_n who_o be_v summon_v and_o his_o son_n after_o he_o in_o 7_o edw._n 2._o yet_o in_o 2._o 7_o rich._n 2._o claus._n memb._n 32._o in_o dor_n thomas_n camoi_v the_o grandchild_n be_v choose_v one_o of_o the_o knight_n for_o surrey_n and_o discharge_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v because_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n be_v baronet_n and_o the_o say_v thomas_n be_v summon_v and_o serve_v in_o that_o parliament_n 2._o not_o as_o a_o baron_n but_o as_o a_o baron_n peer_n or_o baronet_n which_o be_v a_o inferior_a sort_n of_o honour_n and_o signisy_v the_o same_o 344._o thing_n that_o tenant_n in_o cap._n do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n but_o that_o these_o sort_n of_o peer_n be_v sometime_o summon_v and_o sometime_o omit_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n the_o only_a difference_n be_v that_o which_o appear_v when_o they_o come_v thither_o the_o one_o appear_v viz._n the_o inheritable_a baron_n in_o their_o robe_n the_o other_o not_o but_o in_o habit_n different_a from_o the_o baron_n now_o that_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n be_v make_v plain_a by_o those_o authority_n shall_v be_v produce_v under_o the_o next_o head_n which_o be_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o person_n call_v baron_n who_o be_v so_o by_o tenure_n only_o that_o be_v to_o say_v who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o cap._n and_o have_v such_o a_o number_n of_o knights-fee_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n be_v summon_v as_o baron_n or_o rather_o as_o baron_n peer_n mr._n selden_n seem_v to_o 690._o say_v in_o his_o tit._n hon._n part_n 2._o sect._n 17._o pag._n 690._o that_o all_o honorary_a baron_n of_o that_o time_n whereof_o he_o speak_v be_v for_o aught_o appear_v baron_n only_o by_o tenure_n the_o word_n be_v cautelous_a and_o his_o expression_n as_o become_v a_o learned_a man_n wary_o set_v down_o first_o honorary_a baron_n viz._n such_o as_o have_v the_o honorary_a name_n of_o baron_n but_o not_o the_o blood_n for_o such_o i_o take_v his_o meaning_n to_o be_v because_o he_o give_v we_o no_o definition_n of_o honorary_a baron_n nor_o why_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o baron_n have_v their_o beginning_n from_o the_o number_n of_o knight_n fee_n which_o they_o hold_v why_o earl_n have_v not_o the_o like_a beginning_n who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o cap._n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o now_o that_o there_o be_v a_o clear_a distinction_n between_o baron_n ennoble_v in_o blood_n and_o those_o that_o hold_v only_o in_o cap._n the_o one_o we_o find_v call_v barones_n majores_fw-la the_o great_a baron_n the_o other_o barones_n minores_fw-la lesser_o baron_n the_o red_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n or_o remembrancer_n office_n attribute_v to_o gervasius_n tilburiensis_n speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n quidam_fw-la etc._n etc._n some_o hold_n of_o the_o king_n in_o cap._n thing_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n to_o wit_v great_a or_o lesser_a baron_n quidam_fw-la enim_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o 13._o capite_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la pertinent_a barones_n scil_n majores_fw-la seu_fw-la minores_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v they_o both_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o cap._n yet_o be_v distinguish_v into_o great_a or_o lesser_a fitstephens_n in_o the_o life_n of_o thomas_n of_o becket_n 11._o chap._n 11._o mention_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la barones_n baron_n of_o a_o second_o degree_n matth._n paris_n anno_fw-la 1215_o have_v these_o word_n 1215._o summoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la et_fw-la praeterea_fw-la faciemus_fw-la submoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o ballivos_fw-la nostros_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o cap._n tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la here_o we_o see_v two_o different_a sort_n of_o baron_n the_o one_o summon_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v the_o other_o by_o the_o sheriff_n the_o first_o sort_n by_o writ_n seal_v by_o the_o chancellor_n the_o rest_n by_o writ_n to_o the_o sheriff_n yet_o both_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la but_o certain_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la must_v be_v understand_v with_o a_o reasonable_a restriction_n for_o it_o will_v be_v very_o evident_a to_o any_o man_n who_o shall_v examine_v the_o inquisition_n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la remain_v in_o the_o tower_n that_o much_o land_n hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o private_a man_n who_o be_v never_o repute_v baron_n neither_o can_v these_o inquisition_n be_v understand_v of_o tenor_n from_o mesne_n lord_n and_o not_o from_o the_o king_n because_o all_o tenor_n per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la be_v tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la which_o must_v be_v from_o the_o king_n beside_o if_o the_o tenure_n of_o land_n make_v a_o baron_n why_o be_v not_o the_o purchaser_n of_o those_o land_n by_o the_o king_n licence_n of_o alienation_n ever_o after_o the_o stat._n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la call_v to_o parliament_n as_o baron_n the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n 11_o hen._n 6._o will_v not_o mend_v the_o matter_n for_o his_o ancestor_n be_v create_v by_o writ_n and_o the_o castle_n entail_v upon_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n not_o by_o have_v the_o land_n only_o but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o the_o entail_v upon_o it_o in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o still_o conceive_v that_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n from_o whatsoever_o beginning_n it_o arise_v be_v make_v inheritable_a by_o creation_n and_o investiture_n of_o robe_n upon_o which_o sometime_o follow_v cnarter_n which_o direct_v how_o it_o shall_v descend_v and_o the_o confusion_n in_o historian_n have_v proceed_v from_o their_o not_o distinguish_v baron_n from_o baron_n peer_n so_o call_v not_o from_o their_o parity_n in_o honour_n but_o in_o estate_n and_o tenure_n but_o want_v investiture_n be_v call_v or_o leave_v out_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n this_o distinction_n be_v clear_o mention_v in_o the_o old_a modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentorum_fw-la print_v by_o mr._n hakewell_n summoneri_fw-la 4._o debent_fw-la omnes_fw-la &_o singuli_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o eorum_fw-la pares_fw-la all_o earl_n and_o baron_n ought_v to_o be_v summon_v as_o also_o their_o peer_n i_o know_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o treatise_n have_v be_v question_v by_o some_o learned_a man_n but_o by_o none_o with_o more_o violence_n and_o less_o reason_n than_o by_o mr._n prin_fw-mi in_o his_o four_o part_n of_o his_o register_n of_o writ_n etc._n p._n 591._o to_o which_o easy_a answer_n may_v be_v give_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o translator_n out_o 743_o of_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n may_v easy_o translate_v word_n which_o they_o think_v of_o a_o equivalent_a signification_n by_o word_n in_o use_n at_o that_o time_n as_o wittena_n gemot_n for_o parliament_n and_o the_o like_a other_o of_o as_o great_a judgement_n have_v as_o strenuous_o defend_v the_o authority_n of_o it_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o jurisdiction_n court_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n strong_o defend_v its_o antiquity_n and_o mr._n hakewell_n pag._n 135._o
by_o usage_n or_o allowance_n that_o be_v deny_v nay_o the_o impossibility_n be_v manifest_a for_o i_o conceive_v by_o law_n the_o king_n can_v make_v a_o estate_n for_o if_o he_o can_v he_o may_v make_v a_o four_o a_o five_o or_o a_o six_o estate_n and_o require_v consent_n from_o they_o all_o to_o the_o make_v any_o law_n which_o will_v alter_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o government_n mr._n prin_fw-mi have_v very_o well_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v only_o a_o three_o estate_n in_o convocation_n from_o the_o manner_n of_o pen_v their_o grant_n there_o to_o wit_n by_o the_o name_n of_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_n orderly_o assemble_v in_o a_o provincial_a synod_n or_o convocation_n may_v be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v in_o your_o highness_n courn_n of_o parliament_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a not_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n as_o in_o their_o grant_n prin._n four_o part_n of_o his_o calendar_n p._n 594_o 595._o to_o these_o i_o may_v 595._o add_v many_o more_o authority_n caudrey_n case_n cook_n part_v 5._o p._n 8._o clerus_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la gens_n laicalis_fw-la but_o these_o ear_n enough_o and_o i_o take_v it_o a_o full_a answer_n to_o his_o several_a record_n urge_v to_o that_o purpose_n and_o for_o explanation_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n who_o when_o he_o say_v they_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o of_o the_o parliament_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o in_o that_o house_n of_o parliament_n where_o they_o sit_v mix_v with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n but_o shall_v i_o admit_v they_o a_o three_o estate_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n as_o this_o author_n and_o other_o contend_v they_o be_v and_o so_o a_o distinct_a estate_n from_o the_o lay-lord_n what_o colour_n can_v they_o then_o have_v to_o judge_n a_o peer_n upon_o a_o impeachment_n for_o life_n when_o themselves_o though_o they_o sit_v among_o they_o be_v a_o distinct_a estate_n from_o they_o and_o so_o no_o way_n their_o peer_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a argument_n ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la i_o have_v thus_o past_o his_o first_o assertion_n and_o give_v answer_n to_o his_o conceit_n of_o their_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n if_o by_o it_o he_o mean_v a_o entire_a three_o estate_n and_o not_o a_o part_n of_o it_o as_o i_o say_v before_o for_o when_o they_o act_v in_o convocation_n they_o act_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o clergy_n as_o a_o entire_a three_o estate_n can_v they_o that_o be_v the_o bishop_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n be_v more_o than_o part_n of_o a_o three_o estate_n where_o they_o vote_v not_o as_o bishop_n but_o as_o baron_n as_o themselves_o will_v have_v it_o certain_o we_o must_v not_o shut_v out_o the_o convocation_n to_o represent_v the_o clergy_n if_o then_o the_o bishop_n in_o convocation_n represent_v but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o clergy_n how_o they_o shall_v be_v a_o entire_a representative_a of_o they_o in_o another_o place_n whilst_o both_o be_v in_o be_v be_v to_o i_o a_o riddle_n let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o his_o argumentative_a part_n after_o he_o have_v climb_v a_o ladder_n of_o five_o step_n he_o come_v at_o last_o to_o this_o conclusion_n that_o to_o sit_v in_o judgement_n with_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la what_o if_o this_o 〈◊〉_d shall_v be_v grant_v he_o do_v it_o thence_o follow_v that_o they_o be_v such_o peer_n as_o be_v enable_v to_o try_v those_o in_o capital_a case_n who_o be_v ennoble_v in_o blood_n and_o have_v inheritable_a barony_n in_o themselves_o by_o creation_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v a_o general_a charter_n which_o direct_v the_o proceed_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o man_n by_o their_o peer_n who_o be_v peer_n to_o one_o another_o be_v not_o there_o the_o question_n neither_o do_v the_o author_n of_o the_o discourse_n of_o peerage_n make_v any_o other_o use_n of_o it_o the_o ancient_a canon_n forbid_v they_o to_o meddle_v at_o all_o in_o secular_a affair_n if_o therefore_o the_o indulgence_n of_o king_n have_v admit_v their_o presence_n in_o parliament_n in_o some_o case_n do_v it_o thence_o follow_v that_o they_o have_v right_o to_o be_v there_o in_o all_o case_n or_o to_o try_v peer_n for_o their_o life_n to_o who_o they_o be_v no_o way_n equal_a the_o author_n proceed_v and_o 3._o in_o the_o next_o place_n insist_o upon_o the_o form_n of_o their_o writ_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o those_o of_o the_o other_o baron_n which_o be_v not_o limit_v nor_o restrain_v neither_o ought_v their_o power_n so_o to_o be_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v very_o apparent_a for_o by_o this_o he_o may_v infer_v that_o the_o judge_n and_o some_o other_o have_v the_o same_o right_n for_o mr._n elsing_n in_o his_o modus_fw-la pag._n 11._o have_v observe_v that_o the_o writ_n 〈◊〉_d be_v alike_o to_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o judge_n and_o some_o other_o in_o diverse_a year_n of_o ed._n 1._o in_o most_o of_o ed._n 2._o and_o many_o of_o ed._n 3._o but_o the_o word_n of_o these_o writ_n though_o general_a be_v to_o be_v interpret_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o contrary_o again_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o give_v counsel_n in_o difficult_a matter_n according_a to_o their_o writ_n and_o try_v man_n for_o their_o life_n a_o employment_n no_o way_n proper_a for_o messenger_n of_o peace_n and_o preacher_n of_o glad_a tiding_n last_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n be_v consiliarii_fw-la nati_fw-la counsellor_n by_o their_o birth_n and_o so_o have_v a_o natural_a right_o to_o give_v counsel_n in_o all_o affair_n be_v once_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n the_o nobilitas_fw-la major_n have_v all_o equal_a right_a to_o meet_v in_o council_n in_o order_n to_o a_o successor_n so_o have_v not_o the_o bishop_n nay_o though_o privy_a counsellor_n their_o commission_n cease_v they_o have_v then_o no_o right_a to_o come_v into_o council_n with_o the_o other_o lord_n in_o the_o next_o place_n he_o say_v man_n as_o certain_o die_v by_o bill_n of_o attainder_n where_o 4._o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o undoubted_a right_n to_o vote_n in_o their_o legislative_a capacity_n and_o therefore_o to_o vote_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n be_v not_o incompatible_a with_o their_o function_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v the_o case_n be_v very_o different_a as_o well_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n as_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o for_o first_o custom_n or_o whoever_o give_v they_o right_o to_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n in_o the_o nature_n or_o among_o the_o temporal_a baron_n though_o ecclesiastical_a person_n do_v not_o restrain_v they_o as_o to_o their_o concurrence_n in_o the_o make_n new_a law_n yet_o very_o well_o may_v as_o to_o their_o judge_n in_o some_o law_n already_o make_v so_o that_o the_o one_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o law_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o other_o not_o so_o and_o if_o any_o thing_n in_o that_o particular_a have_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o holiness_n of_o their_o call_v or_o their_o rule_n of_o live_v it_o have_v be_v fit_a for_o they_o to_o have_v inform_v the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o not_o for_o they_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o otherwise_o nay_o in_o that_o very_a case_n when_o that_o bill_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v pass_v into_o a_o law_n by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a aught_o to_o absent_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o mr._n bagshaw_n a_o reader_n of_o the_o middle-temple_n in_o the_o time_n of_o archbishop_n laud_n by_o who_o power_n he_o be_v then_o prohibit_v from_o far_a proceed_n in_o his_o say_a lecture_n rush._n hist._n collect._n part_n 2._o pag._n 990._o 990._o second_o the_o pass_v a_o new_a law_n be_v it_o what_o it_o will_v do_v not_o immediate_o but_o by_o consequence_n may_v concern_v blood_n now_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v always_o suppose_v to_o incline_v to_o mercy_n rather_o than_o severity_n may_v perpetual_o with_o a_o good_a conscience_n hinder_v the_o pass_v such_o a_o bill_n as_o shall_v punish_v a_o delinquent_n with_o death_n who_o have_v not_o capital_o offend_v before_o but_o when_o once_o a_o man_n be_v capital_o impeach_v for_o transgress_v a_o know_a law_n and_o issue_n join_v thereupon_o it_o be_v not_o now_o in_o their_o power_n with_o a_o good_a conscience_n to_o acquit_v the_o guilty_a because_o they_o must_v there_o opine_n according_a to_o the_o proof_n before_o they_o which_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a argument_n why_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o one_o case_n and_o not_o in_o the_o other_o last_o if_o this_o way_n of_o argue_v
in_o convocation_n as_o i_o have_v sufficient_o i_o hope_v make_v appear_v pag._n 19_o 20_o etc._n etc._n of_o this_o discourse_n as_o also_o that_o they_o have_v the_o appellation_n of_o baron_n and_o peer_n not_o that_o they_o real_o be_v so_o which_o must_v have_v ennoble_v their_o blood_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la sicut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la or_o per_fw-la servitium_n baroniae_fw-la and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o call_v by_o themselves_o only_o our_o author_n suggestion_n p._n 151._o that_o they_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o a_o double_a capacity_n 151._o as_o it_o be_v new_a so_o be_v it_o not_o solid_a he_o say_v when_o they_o sit_v in_o the_o house_n in_o a_o judicial_a way_n they_o sit_v only_o in_o the_o capacity_n of_o temporal_a baron_n and_o that_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n where_o the_o king_n require_v their_o attendance_n as_o his_o baron_n but_o that_o in_o their_o legislative_a way_n they_o have_v a_o far_a capacity_n as_o represent_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n i_o say_v this_o fancy_n be_v new_a for_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v any_o before_o he_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o represent_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n and_o not_o represent_v it_o i_o know_v they_o have_v be_v say_v to_o sit_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o possession_n which_o be_v temporal_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n but_o not_o so_o when_o give_v deo_n &_o ecclesiae_fw-la but_o that_o they_o sit_v in_o any_o other_o quality_n than_o spiritual_a person_n i_o never_o hear_v nor_o can_v conceive_v methinks_v if_o they_o have_v a_o capacity_n to_o sit_v in_o the_o quality_n of_o temporal_a baron_n they_o shall_v also_o have_v a_o capacity_n to_o change_v their_o spiritual_a robe_n and_o put_v on_o temporal_a the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n he_o say_v require_v their_o attendance_n in_o judicature_n as_o his_o baron_n and_o from_o thence_o will_v infer_v they_o sit_v in_o the_o quality_n of_o temporal_a baron_n but_o how_o do_v this_o follow_v i_o hope_v they_o may_v sit_v as_o spiritual_a baron_n but_o when_o all_o be_v do_v this_o allegation_n of_o he_o be_v not_o sincere_a for_o the_o word_n be_v debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la barones_n or_o cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la baronibus_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o be_v present_a in_o trial_n in_o the_o king_n court_n with_o the_o other_o baron_n or_o as_o the_o other_o baron_n be_v there_o present_a which_o word_n be_v far_o from_o infer_v that_o they_o sit_v there_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o temporal_a baron_n no_o more_o than_o the_o judge_n rather_o that_o they_o sit_v not_o as_o baron_n at_o all_o but_o only_o among_o they_o who_o be_v so_o it_o be_v evident_a therefore_o that_o his_o first_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n be_v not_o solid_a his_o next_o 151._o suggestion_n that_o they_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n if_o by_o parliament_n he_o mean_v their_o convention_n in_o convocation_n from_o the_o issue_v out_o of_o writ_n to_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n in_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o episcopal_n see_v i_o shall_v not_o contend_v with_o he_o only_o i_o think_v it_o from_o hence_o plain_a that_o they_o have_v right_o to_o sit_v as_o member_n of_o the_o convocation_n proper_o where_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o brethren_n they_o make_v up_o a_o three_o estate_n in_o which_o writ_n there_o be_v general_o a_o clause_n of_o praemunientes_fw-la add_v to_o show_v that_o other_o clerk_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v to_o sit_v in_o convocation_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o guardian_n in_o their_o vacancy_n have_v their_o writ_n direct_v to_o they_o lest_o the_o convocation_n shall_v not_o be_v full_a now_o how_o this_o can_v prove_v they_o a_o three_o estate_n in_o the_o lord_n house_n i_o shall_v be_v glad_a this_o author_n will_v instruct_v i_o so_o that_o his_o conceit_n of_o their_o sit_v there_o in_o a_o double_a capacity_n be_v of_o no_o weight_n and_o all_o his_o precedent_n cite_v to_o that_o purpose_n may_v have_v be_v spare_v which_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o measure_n prove_v that_o the_o bishop_n sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n as_o a_o three_o estate_n because_o clerk_n shall_v be_v choose_v to_o sit_v in_o convocation_n by_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n where_o there_o be_v no_o bishop_n or_o when_o they_o be_v beyond_o sea_n rather_o evince_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o convocation_n to_o meet_v in_o consultation_n as_o to_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n which_o be_v only_o proper_a for_o their_o function_n last_o let_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o his_o quotation_n out_o of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n pag._n 93._o as_o to_o doctor_n standish_n his_o case_n be_v mistake_v the_o author_n word_n be_v the_o judge_n say_v the_o lord_n spiritual_a have_v no_o place_n in_o 184._o parliament_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o spiritualty_n in_o which_o respect_n in_o truth_n their_o place_n be_v in_o convocation_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o temporal_a possession_n that_o be_v hold_v their_o tempoporal_a possession_n in_o nature_n of_o barony_n the_o scope_n of_o that_o book_n be_v to_o show_v that_o a_o parliament_n may_v be_v hold_v without_o they_o who_o indeed_o be_v no_o baron_n but_o have_v liberty_n to_o sit_v among_o they_o by_o a_o indulgence_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o possession_n and_o at_o last_o i_o be_o persuade_v our_o author_n will_v hardly_o be_v bind_v by_o that_o opinion_n for_o if_o that_o be_v true_a how_o can_v they_o sit_v there_o as_o a_o three_o estate_n if_o their_o right_n to_o sit_v there_o be_v only_o as_o temporal_a baron_n this_o authority_n be_v only_o from_o kelway_n 7_o hen._n 8._o 184._o see_v the_o case_n at_o large_a in_o burnet_n our_o grand_a questionist_n go_v on_o and_o endeavour_n 260._o to_o prove_v and_o clear_v that_o intricate_a matter_n as_o it_o have_v be_v make_v touch_v the_o interest_n the_o clergy_n then_o have_v in_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o convocation_n but_o chief_o to_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o interest_n they_o have_v in_o parliament_n be_v not_o mere_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o temporal_a barony_n which_o the_o bishop_n and_o many_o of_o the_o abbot_n than_o have_v this_o he_o say_v be_v the_o great_a but_o common_a mistake_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n it_o be_v first_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o have_v not_o prove_v that_o to_o hold_v land_n by_o baron-service_n and_o to_o be_v a_o baron_n be_v all_o one_o which_o by_o i_o be_v leave_v doubtful_a as_o appear_v by_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n neither_o see_v i_o any_o reason_n why_o tenere_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la shall_v make_v a_o baron_n more_o than_o tenere_fw-la per_fw-la militare_fw-la servitium_n shall_v make_v a_o knight_n second_o that_o what_o he_o now_o say_v be_v only_o a_o pursuit_n of_o his_o precedent_a conceit_n that_o the_o bishop_n sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n in_o a_o double_a capacity_n because_o as_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o distinction_n make_v even_o in_o parliament_n between_o the_o several_a estate_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n how_o far_o this_o be_v argumentative_a and_o how_o far_o his_o precedent_n warrant_v what_o he_o affirm_v i_o shall_v examine_v by_o and_o by_o only_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n will_v desire_v he_o to_o tell_v i_o whether_o they_o can_v come_v to_o parliament_n at_o all_o without_o first_o receive_v the_o king_n writ_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n whether_o the_o king_n be_v write_v imply_v any_o other_o capacity_n than_o as_o spiritual_a person_n hold_v their_o possession_n per_fw-la servitium_n baroniae_fw-la and_o vote_v among_o the_o lord_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o land_n which_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n temporal_a estate_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o spiritual_a person_n but_o by_o their_o dedication_n to_o god_n make_v spiritual_a also_o which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v draw_v from_o what_o mr._n selden_n say_v in_o the_o place_n quote_v by_o our_o author_n pag._n 151._o that_o they_o meet_v as_o counsellor_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n in_o their_o wittena_n gemot_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o whether_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o writ_n summons_n or_o rather_o by_o general_a allowance_n as_o counsellor_n or_o what_o other_o way_n he_o can_v prove_v record_n there_o be_v none_o or_o very_o few_o and_o historian_n give_v but_o a_o dark_a account_n of_o those_o time_n and_o thing_n than_o one_o but_o which_o way_n soever_o they_o then_o sit_v certain_o by_o william_n i._o their_o right_n of_o sit_v be_v much_o alter_v the_o frame_n of_o thing_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n alter_v also_o in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o
of_o parliament_n and_o learned_a monk_n or_o other_o old_a author_n be_v tax_v with_o heedless_a impertinency_n nay_o even_o want_v of_o understanding_n what_o they_o write_v eadmerus_n who_o be_v a_o very_a corrrect_a writer_n and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o which_o he_o write_v tell_v we_o that_o at_o one_o general_n convention_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n i._n there_o be_v 58._o tota_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_n numerositate_fw-la at_o another_o though_o it_o be_v hold_v only_o for_o ecclesistical_a affair_n there_o be_v nobilitas_fw-la populusque_fw-la minor_fw-la the_o election_n of_o king_n stephen_n as_o a_o 312._o grave_a prior_n of_o those_o time_n tell_v we_o be_v a_o primoribus_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la favore_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n clericorum_fw-la &_o laicorum_fw-la universitate_fw-la in_o that_o king_n reign_n there_o be_v adunatum_fw-la concilium_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n a_o general_n council_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n together_o which_o now_o one_o will_v say_v be_v a_o parliament_n and_o convocation_n unite_v the_o member_n eliense_n of_o this_o council_n follow_v episcoporum_fw-la atque_fw-la abbatum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la &_o clericorum_fw-la plâ—…bisque_fw-la iufinita_fw-la multitudo_fw-la the_o authority_n for_o this_o be_v a_o legier_n book_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n write_v as_o it_o shall_v seem_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n i._n these_o kind_n of_o book_n be_v general_o keep_v 221._o with_o great_a exactness_n and_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o record_n from_o the_o like_a authority_n we_o have_v it_o that_o archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la comites_fw-la atque_fw-la alij_fw-la omnes_fw-la be_v consent_v to_o the_o election_n of_o king_n john_n but_o to_o mention_v a_o few_o undoubted_a record_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o the_o 15_o the_o of_o king_n john_n there_o be_v 231._o precept_n to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n of_o england_n to_o summon_v in_o every_o county_n milites_fw-la who_o be_v to_o come_v with_o arm_n barones_n without_o arm_n and_o four_o knight_n for_o every_o shire_n &_o quatuor_fw-la discretos_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la to_o a_o general_n council_n at_o oxford_n in_o the_o 38_o the_o of_o hen._n iii_o beside_o the_o tenant_n 245._o in_o chief_a two_o legales_fw-la &_o discreti_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v require_v to_o come_v for_o every_o county_n vice_n omutom_n &_o singulorum_fw-la to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o milites_fw-la &_o alij_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la and_o several_a record_n before_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n 3._o describe_v the_o member_n of_o parliament_n d._n mention_v beside_o the_o clergy_n comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la some_o &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la other_o &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la 3._o regno_fw-la now_o can_v there_o be_v the_o least_o colour_n to_o believe_v that_o all_o these_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o prelate_n and_o great_a baron_n or_o only_o the_o great_a and_o less_o nobility_n hold_v in_o chief_a whatever_o dr._n brady_n or_o other_o may_v obtrude_v upon_o the_o world_n that_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la may_v sometime_o be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n with_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la afford_v no_o help_n to_o mr._n hunt_n because_o where_o the_o expression_n 152._o be_v too_o lax_n and_o general_n barones_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o its_o utmost_a extent_n and_o consequent_o shall_v comprehend_v ordinary_a freeholders_n who_o be_v nobiles_fw-la &_o barones_n minores_fw-la long_o 8._o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o when_o record_n or_o history_n make_v a_o distinction_n between_o barones_n and_o other_o come_v after_o the_o distinction_n can_v be_v think_v to_o be_v without_o any_o manner_n of_o difference_n and_o so_o vain_a and_o idle_a as_o that_o the_o porulus_fw-la minor_fw-la or_o populi_n numerositas_fw-la supra_fw-la after_o nobilitas_fw-la be_v a_o term_n comprehensive_a of_o the_o nobility_n before_o mention_v or_o when_o there_o be_v primores_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la the_o hagul_v chief_a of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o all_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n the_o word_n people_n be_v but_o comprehensive_a of_o the_o primores_fw-la so_o that_o the_o primores_fw-la be_v there_o together_o with_o themselves_o but_o sure_o i_o need_v not_o run_v over_o all_o these_o instance_n and_o many_o more_o produceable_a to_o convince_v even_o dr._n brady_n mr._n hunt_n and_o mr._n w._n of_o the_o absurdity_n of_o interpret_n record_v after_o their_o manner_n but_o mr._n w._n think_v to_o help_v out_o his_o record_n by_o a_o historian_n and_o cite_v the_o additament_n to_o matthew_n paris_n mention_v the_o 60._o letter_n write_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o case_n of_o adomar_n de_fw-fr valens_n which_o begin_v thus_o communitas_fw-la procerum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la 217._o regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o be_v subscribe_v by_o some_o earl_n and_o great_a man_n and_o peter_z de_fw-fr monteforti_fw-la vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la this_o mr._n w._n say_v be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a baronage_n not_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o or_o commonalty_n of_o england_n there_o be_v mention_n of_o the_o universitas_fw-la baronagij_fw-la but_o not_o universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la popularis_fw-la i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o the_o question_n which_o can_v arise_v upon_o these_o word_n be_v not_o as_o mr._n w._n put_v it_o whether_o simon_n montfort_n subscribe_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o baron_n only_o or_o of_o the_o commons_o only_o but_o whether_o some_o of_o the_o great_a baron_n have_v set_v their_o hand_n themselves_o montfort_n be_v the_o last_o man_n that_o subscribe_v do_v not_o do_v it_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o great_a baron_n not_o subscribe_v and_o of_o the_o commons_o too_o as_o part_v of_o the_o baronage_n or_o communitas_fw-la of_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o and_o i_o think_v nothing_o be_v more_o clear_a than_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v part_n of_o the_o community_n here_o intend_v matthew_n paris_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v ex_fw-la parte_fw-la 978._o regni_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la universitate_fw-la and_o this_o he_o say_v be_v scriptum_fw-la a_o farnagio_fw-it and_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ibid._n at_o parliament_n and_o go_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o faronage_n at_o that_o very_a time_n be_v evident_a beyond_o contradiction_n from_o record_n for_o whereas_o the_o title_n of_o the_o writ_n express_v some_o matter_n agree_v upon_o between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n in_o that_o very_a parliament_n be_v pro_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o faronagio_fw-it 10._o anâ—…liae_fw-la the_o body_n of_o the_o writ_n run_v rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n cum_fw-la pro_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nostris_fw-la arduis_fw-la regnum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la tangentibus_fw-la proceres_fw-la &_o fideles_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la london_n in_fw-la quindena_fw-la pasche_fw-it prox_n praeterit_fw-la faceremus_fw-la convocari_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o another_o record_n explain_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n the_o proceres_fw-la &_o fideles_fw-la and_o the_o faronage_n and_o call_v they_o hanshome_n 4._o the_o high_a man_n the_o prelate_n and_o great_a baron_n prodes_fw-la home_n the_o magnate_v and_o grands_fw-fr of_o the_o county_n and_o the_o commune_fw-la de_fw-fr reaum_n the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n and_o with_o this_o his_o own_o instance_n out_o of_o matthew_n paris_n exact_o agree_v for_o there_o be_v the_o comites_fw-la and_o proceres_fw-la the_o great_a baron_n the_o magnate_n or_o grands_fw-fr of_o the_o county_n and_o alij_fw-la who_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n as_o they_o be_v distinguish_v 3._o from_o the_o grands_fw-fr of_o the_o county_n even_o as_o late_o as_o the_o 27_o e._n 3._o this_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n 126._o to_o dr._n brady_n exposition_n of_o the_o forementioned_a letter_n who_o both_o mr._n hunt_n and_o mr._n w._n may_v thank_v for_o mislead_v they_o in_o this_o point_n and_o this_o sufficient_o show_v the_o vanity_n and_o falsehood_n of_o the_o doctor_n be_v assertion_n that_o the_o commons_o as_o at_o this_o day_n 130._o know_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o community_n of_o england_n in_o old_a historian_n except_o he_o will_v place_v matthew_n paris_n among_o the_o modern_n this_o i_o think_v may_v suffice_v in_o answer_n to_o any_o thing_n wherein_o mr._n w._n his_o authority_n may_v be_v use_v against_o i_o i_o can_v be_v so_o short_a in_o my_o observation_n upon_o mr._n hunt_n because_o he_o aim_v many_o blow_n at_o i_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o may_v be_v think_v in_o many_o place_n to_o have_v wound_v my_o argument_n or_o the_o reputation_n of_o my_o endeavour_n which_o he_o represent_v as_o impertinent_a 156._o or_o like_o a_o contest_v de_fw-fr lanâ_fw-la caprinâ_fw-la in_o opposition_n to_o my_o notion_n of_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la he_o produce_v another_o
beside_o they_o in_o the_o 47_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o which_o to_o be_v sure_a be_v before_o the_o 49_o the_o there_o be_v a_o army_n to_o be_v send_v against_o llewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n who_o commit_v hostility_n against_o the_o english_a this_o it_o be_v certain_a be_v no_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o a_o summons_n to_o the_o war_n and_o yet_o the_o great_a baron_n have_v personal_a summons_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n rex_fw-la dilecto_fw-la &_o fideli_fw-la svo_fw-la rogero_n de_fw-fr rigod_n comiti_fw-la so_o norff._n mares_n ang._n salutem_fw-la quia_fw-la llewellinus_fw-la filius_fw-la griffini_n et_fw-la cumplures_fw-la rebel_n nostri_fw-la contra_fw-la homagum_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o fidelitatem_fw-la nobis_fw-la debit_fw-la be_o terras_fw-la nostras_fw-la &_o fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la walliae_fw-la dudum_fw-la ut_fw-la nostis_fw-la hostiliter_fw-la sunt_fw-la aggressi_fw-la terras_fw-la illas_fw-la occupando_fw-la &_o devastando_fw-la in_o nostrum_fw-la dedecus_fw-la &_o in_fw-la nostrum_fw-la et_fw-la predict_v fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la exheredationem_fw-la manifestam_fw-la vobis_fw-la mandamus_fw-la sub_fw-la debito_fw-la fidelitatis_fw-la &_o homagij_fw-la quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la &_o sicut_fw-la eaquae_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenetis_fw-la diligitis_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o festo_fw-la beati_fw-la petri_n ad_fw-la vincula_fw-la proximo_fw-la futuro_fw-la sitis_fw-la apud_fw-la wigorn_fw-la cum_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la servitio_fw-la vestro_fw-la nobis_fw-la debito_fw-la parati_fw-la exinde_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la proficisci_fw-la in_o expeditionem_fw-la nostram_fw-la contra_fw-la praefatum_fw-la llewellinum_fw-la &_o complice_n suos_fw-la rebel_n nostros_fw-la et_fw-fr it_z a_o de_fw-fr contentis_fw-la in_o hâc_fw-la necessitate_v nostrâ_fw-la ibim_n veniatis_fw-la ut_fw-la dictorum_fw-la rebellium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la versutia_fw-la adeo_fw-la patenter_fw-la reprimatur_fw-la quod_fw-la nobis_fw-la et_fw-la vobiscedat_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la &_o exinde_fw-la vobis_fw-la ad_fw-la grate_v teneamur_fw-la speciales_fw-la testae_fw-la rege_fw-la apud_fw-la westmin_fw-la 25_o o_o die_v maij._n eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la phil._n basset_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o gentleman_n if_o he_o have_v think_v 156._o fit_a to_o have_v trust_v mr._n selden_n without_o take_v the_o impertinent_a pain_n as_o he_o term_v it_o 592._o of_o search_v the_o record_n may_v have_v know_v that_o about_o 130_o temporal_a baron_n have_v then_o their_o several_a writ_n but_o this_o author_n find_v a_o precept_n to_o a_o 148._o sheriff_n quod_fw-la summoneri_fw-la facias_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n abbates_n priores_fw-la milites_fw-la et_fw-la liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la etc._n etc._n conclude_v that_o this_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o distinction_n to_o a_o parliament_n because_o of_o the_o general_a writ_n of_o summons_n whereas_o a_o little_a insight_n into_o record_n will_v have_v acquaint_v he_o that_o the_o sheriff_n be_v oblige_v to_o summon_v all_o those_o by_o a_o general_n proclamation_n and_o then_o to_o deliver_v the_o particular_a writ_n to_o the_o great_a baron_n among_o they_o this_o record_n do_v not_o say_v how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v summon_v but_o notwithstanding_o this_o every_o one_o of_o those_o rank_n of_o man_n may_v have_v be_v summon_v particular_o but_o to_o prevent_v all_o mistake_v or_o evasion_n we_o have_v a_o record_n which_o explain_v that_o very_a instance_n which_o he_o insist_o upon_o it_o be_v of_o that_o very_a time_n rex_fw-la vicecom_v devon_n salutem_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o fide_fw-la quâ_fw-la nobis_fw-la teneris_fw-la visis_fw-la literis_fw-la 10._o istis_fw-la scire_fw-la facias_fw-la omnibus_fw-la de_fw-la com._n tuo_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_n militare_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la serjantiam_fw-la &_o similiter_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la norman_n vel_fw-la briton_n tenent_fw-la de_fw-fr ballio_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n patris_fw-la nostri_fw-la vel_fw-la nostro_fw-la quod_fw-la sicut_fw-la tenementa_fw-la sua_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_fw-la diligunt_fw-la sint_fw-la apud_fw-la winton_n die_v clausi_n paschae_fw-la parati_fw-la cum_fw-la equis_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la ad_fw-la trasfretandum_fw-la cum_fw-la corpore_fw-la nostro_fw-la in_o pictaviam_fw-la literas_fw-la etiam_fw-la ipsius_fw-la certis_fw-la personis_fw-la directas_fw-la in_o com._n tuo_fw-la mitti_fw-la fac_fw-la t._n r._n apud_fw-la windle_n 8_o o_fw-mi thy_fw-mi februarij_fw-la here_o be_v notice_n give_v to_o all_o or_o general_a summons_n and_o particular_a writ_n also_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o some_o of_o the_o tenant_n and_o thus_o for_o aught_o appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o always_o be_v this_o alone_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o he_o have_v mistake_v king_n john_n charter_n which_o he_o think_v have_v establish_v this_o difference_n but_o his_o own_o explication_n of_o it_o will_v make_v it_o more_o apparent_a which_o i_o shall_v consider_v under_o this_o next_o head_n chap._n ii_o some_o erroneous_a supposition_n which_o may_v have_v contribute_v to_o mr._n hunt_n be_v belief_n that_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v the_o only_a member_n of_o the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n till_o 49_o h._n 3._o or_o that_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o constitute_v both_o the_o curia_n and_o the_o parliament_n according_a to_o the_o imagine_a different_a summons_n consider_v all_o the_o ground_n which_o mr._n hunt_n can_v pretend_v for_o this_o beside_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o summons_n which_o i_o have_v already_o examine_v must_v be_v either_o 1._o from_o the_o interpretation_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n 2._o his_o notion_n of_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o 3._o the_o belief_n that_o william_n the_o first_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o this_o nation_n if_o king_n john_n charter_n require_v that_o the_o great_a tenant_n in_o chief_n shall_v have_v particular_a summons_n to_o parliament_n than_o indeed_o there_o will_v be_v a_o reason_n why_o though_o all_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v oblige_v to_o attend_v in_o the_o curia_fw-la upon_o general_a notice_n yet_o some_o may_v not_o be_v conclude_v by_o any_o act_n of_o legislation_n unless_o they_o have_v notice_n of_o attendance_n to_o such_o end_n but_o if_o he_o know_v not_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la it_o be_v odds_o but_o he_o may_v mistake_v the_o sense_n of_o that_o part_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o if_o william_n the_o first_o do_v not_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n it_o will_v be_v wonderful_a how_o those_o that_o derive_v from_o under_o his_o grant_n shall_v be_v the_o only_a person_n interest_v in_o the_o government_n exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o but_o if_o he_o do_v make_v such_o a_o conquest_n than_o a_o very_a little_a evidence_n will_v be_v enough_o to_o make_v one_o believe_v that_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v cives_fw-la or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a society_n to_o take_v away_o all_o colour_n from_o his_o presumption_n i_o shall_v show_v i._o that_o he_o gain_v no_o help_n from_o king_n john_n charter_n ii_o that_o he_o mistake_v the_o nature_n of_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la iii_o that_o he_o will_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v answer_v the_o objection_n against_o the_o suppose_a conquest_n before_o he_o conclude_v for_o it_o i._o he_o can_v gain_v no_o help_n from_o king_n john_n charter_n for_o his_o interpretation_n of_o it_o fight_v against_o its_o self_n he_o himself_o acknowledge_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o parliament_n and_o particular_o that_o in_o the_o curia_fw-la the_o suitor_n assessâ—…aids_n and_o escuage_z to_o which_o purpose_n he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o they_o 131._o be_v summon_v by_o general_a writ_n and_o yet_o 148._o contend_v that_o by_o king_n john_n charter_n the_o terminis_fw-la great_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v suitor_n at_o the_o curia_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o particular_a de_fw-la scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la to_o assess_v escuage_z and_o that_o the_o council_n where_o this_o be_v ass_a 165._o be_v a_o parliament_n according_a to_o his_o imaginary_a distinctive_a mark_n but_o let_v we_o observe_v his_o way_n of_o demonstrate_v his_o sense_n of_o this_o charter_n he_o divide_v some_o of_o the_o clause_n in_o dispute_n into_o two_o part_n and_o leave_v out_o as_o not_o material_a to_o the_o enquiry_n what_o particular_o relate_v to_o the_o city_n port_n burrough_n and_o villâ—…e_v township_n or_o parish_n in_o which_o alone_a according_a to_o his_o own_o division_n the_o liberty_n 160._o of_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n must_v have_v be_v confirm_v and_o provide_v for_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o such_o omission_n will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o modus_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la in_o king_n john_n be_v time_n be_v in_o the_o say_a charter_n declare_v his_o first_o division_n be_v this_o nullum_fw-la scutagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la
many_o all_o the_o grantee_n be_v tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o owe_v the_o same_o entire_a service_n that_o the_o first_o grantee_n do_v 1._o his_o error_n upon_o his_o first_o and_o second_o head_n can_v be_v true_o show_v unless_o they_o be_v full_o transcribe_v in_o their_o full_a dimension_n when_o the_o conqueror_n say_v he_o do_v innovate_v his_o tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o make_v all_o 156._o man_n of_o great_a estate_n baron_n and_o by_o their_o tenor_n and_o estate_n member_n of_o parliament_n we_o then_o have_v such_o law_n quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la and_o the_o nwe_n have_v material_o our_o three_o estate_n though_o not_o so_o well_o size_v and_o sort_v as_o since_o we_o have_v then_o i_o say_v many_o great_a freeholders_n 157._o in_o every_o county_n that_o by_o their_o tenor_n be_v member_n of_o parliament_n whereas_o now_o we_o have_v but_o two_o and_o though_o the_o people_n do_v not_o not_o choose_v they_o yet_o the_o man_n of_o that_o order_n seem_v choose_v once_o for_o all_o interpretative_o by_o the_o people_n in_o their_o consent_n to_o the_o government_n in_o this_o constitution_n scarce_o any_o man_n that_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v choose_v but_o be_v without_o the_o people_n choice_n a_o member_n of_o parliament_n as_o there_o now_o be_v more_o who_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v choose_v than_o they_o can_v choose_v so_o that_o the_o barones_n minores_fw-la be_v then_o instead_o of_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o the_o barones_n majores_fw-la bishop_n and_o earl_n do_v then_o as_o now_o make_v the_o parliament_n beside_o barones_n majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la there_o be_v at_o this_o time_n a_o distinction_n between_o the_o barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n which_o i_o will_v explain_v to_o prevent_v any_o mistake_n that_o may_v grow_v thereupon_o the_o barones_n regni_n be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n and_o make_v part_n of_o the_o government_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o first_o william_n and_o so_o in_o process_n of_o time_n call_v barones_n regni_n because_o they_o have_v by_o continuance_n of_o that_o constitution_n acquire_v a_o fix_a right_o to_o that_o honour_n but_o because_o of_o the_o frequent_a war_n between_o 157._o the_o baron_n and_o the_o king_n at_o that_o time_n they_o do_v omit_v to_o summon_v some_o who_o be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n and_o now_o due_o call_v barones_n regni_n to_o parliament_n and_o call_v other_o that_o have_v no_o right_a to_o be_v call_v ratione_fw-la tenurae_fw-la and_o those_o they_o call_v barones_n regis_n this_o be_v ill_o take_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o occasion_n of_o their_o war_n with_o king_n john_n upon_o which_o they_o obtain_v his_o charter_n for_o remedy_n as_o follow_v barones_n majores_fw-la regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la summoneri_fw-la faceret_fw-la the_o truth_n of_o this_o as_o to_o the_o fact_n will_v appear_v by_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o distinction_n of_o barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n do_v appear_v by_o the_o recite_v charter_n of_o king_n john_n where_o the_o majores_fw-la barones_n be_v call_v barones_n regni_n for_o the_o baron_n be_v more_o concern_v for_o the_o lose_n of_o their_o honour_n than_o they_o be_v at_o the_o communication_n of_o the_o like_a honour_n to_o other_o and_o with_o reason_n though_o all_o honour_n be_v lessen_v by_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o participate_v of_o they_o the_o inconveniency_n and_o mischief_n of_o this_o 158_o constitution_n be_v very_o great_a and_o very_o sensible_a by_o make_v the_o government_n to_o consist_v of_o one_o order_n there_o be_v no_o third_n to_o moderate_v and_o hold_v the_o balance_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o enlarge_v upon_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o conquest_n nor_o upon_o his_o conjecture_n of_o one_o of_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o baron_n war_n nor_o yet_o upon_o his_o notion_n of_o three_o estate_n material_o the_o same_o when_o but_o one_o order_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n if_o all_o be_v in_o one_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a power_n and_o he_o have_v by_o a_o conquest_n all_o the_o property_n of_o the_o nation_n here_o the_o government_n be_v material_o the_o same_o with_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o in_o his_o belly_n as_o when_o he_o have_v disgorge_v and_o scatter_v abroad_o the_o property_n and_o power_n but_o to_o the_o purpose_n of_o the_o abovementioned_a head_n 1._o whereas_o he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o only_a bishop_n and_o earl_n be_v majores_fw-la barones_n it_o appear_v manifest_o to_o the_o contrary_a from_o the_o word_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n which_o he_o mistake_v submoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la here_o be_v majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la after_o bishop_n and_o earl_n and_o i_o need_v not_o here_o remind_v he_o of_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o notion_n of_o make_v majores_fw-la barones_n exegetical_a or_o comprehensive_a of_o what_o go_v before_o it_o be_v certain_a if_o bishop_n be_v majores_fw-la barones_n as_n well_o as_o earl_n here_o be_v other_o intend_v also_o and_o why_o be_v not_o such_o as_o hold_v whole_a barony_n as_o some_o do_v great_a baron_n beside_o you_o shall_v find_v number_n of_o baron_n to_o have_v receive_v particular_a summons_n even_o to_o the_o war_n according_a to_o the_o provision_n in_o king_n john_n charter_n for_o summon_v the_o majores_fw-la barones_n sigillatim_fw-la i_o will_v give_v he_o some_o name_n and_o see_v whether_o he_o make_v earl_n of_o they_o all_o three_o basset_n d._n william_n de_fw-fr harecourt_n roger_n de_o somerey_o john_n forreigner_n extraneus_fw-la richard_n de_fw-fr grey_n ern._n de_fw-fr bosco_n etc._n etc._n but_o if_o all_o these_o be_v earl_n what_o think_v he_o of_o the_o nine_o hundred_o and_o odd_a who_o receive_v special_a summons_n de_fw-fr veniendo_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la cum_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la usque_fw-la berwicam_fw-la super_fw-la twedam_fw-la in_o the_o 29_o of_o edw._n 1._o d._n 2._o whereas_o he_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o barones_n regni_fw-la be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n and_o the_o 158._o barones_n regis_n by_o call_n to_o parliament_n he_o may_v have_v know_v that_o every_o baro_n regis_n be_v a_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o every_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o baro_n regis_n in_o a_o strict_a sense_n wherefore_o according_o king_n john_n charter_n confine_v the_o special_a summons_n which_o as_o i_o say_v be_v to_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la to_o such_o great_a baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la there_o be_v after_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_n in_o a_o different_a provision_n et_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la wherefore_o when_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v summon_v it_o take_v in_o the_o majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la both_o those_o that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o otherwise_o but_o when_o they_o be_v use_v distinct_o it_o be_v whole_o contrary_a to_o his_o supposition_n for_o the_o barones_n regis_fw-la be_v proper_o and_o strict_o they_o who_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n as_o all_o manner_n of_o authority_n warrant_v indeed_o i_o be_o almost_o ashamed_a here_o to_o bring_v proof_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o evident_a but_o he_o may_v please_v to_o observe_v that_o thanus_n and_o baro_n be_v always_o of_o the_o same_o acceptation_n thanus_n regis_n be_v strict_o he_o who_o hold_v land_n of_o the_o king_n by_o any_o kind_n of_o tenure_n and_o so_o be_v baro_n regis_fw-la though_o sometime_o appropriate_v to_o he_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o a_o ordinary_a thane_n be_v no_o 108._o more_o than_o a_o honest_a freeholder_n by_o any_o sort_n of_o tenure_n as_o appear_v by_o dooms-day-book_n itself_o but_o i_o conceive_v the_o difference_n between_o baro_n regni_n and_o regis_fw-la be_v sufficient_o show_v in_o this_o follow_a authority_n in_o the_o 23d_o of_o hen._n 2._o benedictus_fw-la abbas_n cot._n tell_v we_o the_o king_n summon_v magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la statutis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o coram_fw-la eye_v per_fw-la concilium_fw-la comitum_fw-la et_fw-la baronum_fw-la militum_fw-la et_fw-la hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la he_o make_v the_o fame_a assize_n at_o northampton_n here_o be_v barones_n terrae_fw-la or_o regni_n and_o barones_n milites_fw-la et_fw-la homines_fw-la svi_fw-la here_o either_o all_o the_o barones_n regni_fw-la be_v barones_n regis_fw-la or_o svi_fw-la and_o then_o his_o distinction_n between_o baro_n regni_n and_o baro_n regis_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n or_o else_o there_o be_v that_o very_a difference_n i_o stand_v upon_o viz._n that_o the_o barones_n regni_fw-la be_v comprehensive_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o baron_n the_o
one_o another_o and_o through_o the_o pride_n and_o ambition_n of_o some_o who_o think_v themselves_o above_o that_o law_n and_o when_o the_o number_n of_o frank-pledge_n have_v that_o happy_a combination_n still_o be_v maintain_v will_v through_o the_o vast_a multiplication_n of_o proprietor_n have_v be_v too_o great_a to_o assemble_v together_o upon_o any_o occasion_n require_v counsel_n and_o serious_a debate_n there_o be_v one_o difficulty_n which_o arise_v upon_o the_o examine_v this_o point_n of_o antiquity_n that_o be_v since_o we_o rare_o meet_v with_o authority_n 76._o though_o some_o there_o be_v which_o particular_o describe_v such_o as_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n as_o summon_v to_o or_o present_v at_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n what_o shall_v we_o think_v of_o they_o to_o which_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o say_v that_o even_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n may_v have_v come_v under_o the_o consideration_n of_o freeholders_n inter_fw-la liberos_fw-la regni_fw-la tenentes_fw-la or_o barones_n baronagium_n barnagium_fw-la or_o the_o like_a for_o either_o they_o be_v 1._o corporation_n by_o charter_n or_o 2._o corporation_n by_o prescription_n liberis_fw-la and_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v probable_a at_o least_o that_o property_n in_o land_n the_o continuance_n of_o which_o in_o any_o family_n make_v nobility_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o they_o all_o and_o in_o such_o respect_n the_o freeman_n there_o be_v number_v among_o the_o noble_n though_o afterward_o when_o trade_n prevail_v among_o they_o the_o generality_n of_o they_o may_v be_v but_o quasi_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o yet_o by_o custom_n they_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o barones_n 122._o as_o in_o london_n warwick_n the_o five_o port_n etc._n etc._n and_o probable_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o first_o erection_n but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o talk_v whole_o at_o random_n i_o shall_v offer_v a_o scheme_n of_o the_o ancient_a polity_n in_o relation_n to_o they_o which_o at_o lest_o will_v not_o be_v disprove_v for_o the_o first_o the_o corporation_n by_o charter_n they_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n 1._o such_o as_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n 2._o such_o as_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o subject_a 1._o of_o those_o that_o be_v incorporate_v by_o b._n the_o king_n there_o be_v city_n that_o be_v borough_n which_o have_v a_o bishop_n see_v or_o else_o borough_n only_o but_o the_o episcopal_n see_v make_v the_o only_a difference_n they_o fall_v not_o here_o under_o any_o different_a consideration_n i_o conceive_v that_o though_o to_o these_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o incorporation_n the_o king_n grant_v several_a franchise_n as_o market_n fair_n and_o the_o like_a yet_o he_o give_v no_o right_a of_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n to_o they_o who_o have_v it_o not_o before_o but_o of_o they_o that_o be_v so_o incorporate_v some_o be_v minores_fw-la tenentes_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la inferior_a tenant_n in_o chief_a such_o as_o by_o king_n john_n charter_n be_v where_o not_o incorporate_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o general_a to_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la many_o of_o these_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o immunity_n as_o belong_v to_o free_a borough_n consent_v to_o be_v incorporate_v and_o thereupon_o they_o be_v one_o entire_a body_n natural_o fall_v into_o a_o representation_n and_o answer_v together_o by_o their_o head-borough_n or_o any_o other_o that_o they_o choose_v as_o one_o tenant_n st._n alban_n i_o take_v it_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n the_o burgess_n of_o which_o plead_v that_o they_o hold_v the_o say_a vill_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la 233._o regis_fw-la cum_fw-la ea_fw-la summoneri_fw-la contigerit_fw-la per_fw-la duos_fw-la comburgenses_fw-la suos_fw-la venire_fw-la debeant_fw-la prout_fw-la totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la venire_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitus_fw-la regi_fw-la faciendis_fw-la quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la servitia_fw-la iidem_fw-la burgenses_n &_o antecessores_fw-la svi_fw-la burgenses_n villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la tam_fw-la tempore_fw-la domini_fw-la edwardi_fw-la nuper_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la patris_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o progenitorum_fw-la quam_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la nunc_fw-la semper_fw-la ante_fw-la instans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la ut_fw-la pâ—…ittatur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d nomina_fw-la quorum_fw-la burgonsium_fw-la sic_fw-la praedictâ_fw-la villâ_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la regis_fw-la veâ—…entium_fw-la in_o rotulis_fw-la cancellariae_fw-la semper_fw-la irrotulata_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la i_o before_o have_v occasion_n to_o examine_v dr._n brady_n interpretation_n of_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o â—…ea_n here_o the_o plea_n itself_o come_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o whereas_o he_o render_v pâ—…o_o oâ—…us_a servitus_fw-la in_o lieu_n of_o all_o service_n 78._o i_o conceive_v the_o sense_n to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o thus_o that_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a and_o that_o as_o other_o burgess_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v to_o be_v represent_v at_o the_o king_n parliament_n when_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v summon_v by_o two_o of_o their_o fellow-burgess_n as_o ever_o since_o they_o be_v incorporate_v they_o have_v use_v to_o come_v for_o the_o perform_n of_o any_o of_o their_o service_n and_o that_o they_o like_a have_v not_o forfeit_v their_o charter_n nor_o ought_v their_o corporation_n to_o be_v dissolve_v for_o that_o they_o have_v due_o perform_v all_o their_o service_n and_o for_o proof_n that_o to_z parliament_z especial_o they_o have_v all_o along_o come_v by_o representation_n they_o appeal_v to_o the_o roll_n of_o chancery_n certain_o no_o man_n before_o the_o doctor_n think_v that_o the_o come_n to_o parliament_n excuse_v any_o rent_n or_o other_o service_n which_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o they_o but_o thus_o much_o be_v obvious_a from_o this_o that_o here_o be_v minores_fw-la barones_n tenant_n in_o chief_a who_o tenure_n must_v have_v be_v create_v by_o charter_n who_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o representation_n and_o that_o this_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o property_n in_o land_n which_o occasion_v their_o service_n and_o their_o be_v unite_v as_o one_o tenant_n but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v tenant_n of_o honour_n or_o manor_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n or_o in_o the_o subject_n which_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n and_o send_v their_o representative_n to_o parliament_n i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o a_o corporation_n hold_v of_o a_o subject_a but_o incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n king_n john_n by_o his_o charter_n to_o william_n writ_n brewer_n who_o in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o brugwater_n or_o bridgwater_n grant_v that_o brugwater_n shall_v be_v a_o free_a burrough_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v market_n and_o fair_n and_o 26_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o first_o roll_n of_o burgess_n begin_v we_o find_v burgess_n for_o bridgwater_n enter_v among_o the_o rest_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v any_o charter_n give_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o send_v burgess_n nor_o can_v such_o a_o privilege_n arise_v by_o implication_n wherefore_o they_o must_v necessary_o have_v come_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o property_n in_o land_n with_o no_o other_o alteration_n than_o that_o their_o divide_a interest_n be_v all_o conjoin_v in_o one_o 2._o but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v some_o incorporate_v by_o subject_n of_o those_o who_o incorporate_v they_o some_z had_z regalia_z themselves_z as_o the_o count_n palatine_a of_o chester_n one_o of_o which_o leofrick_n brother_n to_o the_o confessor_n in_o his_o life-time_n incorporate_v coventry_n under_o the_o prior_n and_o monk_n of_o chester_n whereupon_o the_o burgher_n of_o coventry_n be_v represent_v in_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o one_o entire_a body_n we_o find_v that_o it_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n 26_o edw._n 1._o and_o from_o its_o first_o corporation_n must_v needs_o have_v do_v so_o according_a to_o its_o plea_n which_o be_v allow_v 34_o edw._n 1._o for_o it_o plead_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o civitas_n burgus_n nor_o dominicum_fw-la regis_fw-la that_o therefore_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v 241._o tax_v or_o taliate_v as_o such_o but_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v only_o when_o the_o whole_a county_n be_v charge_v or_o in_o the_o like_a proportion_n and_o they_o pray_v that_o the_o taxor_n and_o collector_n may_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o distrain_v among_o they_o otherwise_o than_o it_o have_v be_v totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la in_o all_o time_n past_a since_o they_o large_a become_v one_o body_n that_o be_v that_o ever_o since_o they_o be_v a_o body_n they_o use_v not_o to_o be_v tax_v as_o the_o king_n demesne_n whether_o city_n borough_n ¶_o or_o manor_n which_o may_v be_v out_o of_o parliament_n and_o even_o when_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n they_o bear_v the_o heavy_a burden_n but_o as_o the_o county_n as_o to_o the_o way_n
within_o frank-pledge_n and_o be_v bind_v with_o surety_n to_o their_o good_a behaviour_n which_o dr._n brady_n tell_v we_o 31._o and_o right_o enough_o if_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 1._o be_v only_o for_o the_o ordinary_a freeman_n or_o the_o bulk_n and_o multitude_n of_o the_o freeman_n or_o small_a freeholders_n all_o that_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o gentleman_n at_o the_o least_o be_v without_o any_o manner_n of_o representation_n and_o wherever_o they_o be_v interest_v appear_v in_o person_n and_o sometime_o in_o very_o disorderly_a multitude_n some_o sensible_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o it_o and_o expense_n and_o trouble_n to_o themselves_o of_o their_o free_a choice_n become_v incorporate_v by_o charter_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v either_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o some_o inferior_a lord_n or_o it_o may_v be_v the_o tenant_n of_o several_a manor_n join_v together_o and_o their_o come_n to_o parliament_n or_o as_o the_o burrow_n of_o st._n alban_n plead_v pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la serviciis_fw-la faciendis_fw-la be_v a_o consequent_a upon_o their_o incorporation_n freehold_n i_o take_v it_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o all_o this_o though_o afterward_o trader_n may_v be_v admit_v to_o privilege_n among_o they_o the_o trader_n and_o freeholders_n within_o city_n or_o borough_n send_v their_o delegate_n whilst_o here_o as_o in_o poland_n the_o possessionati_n man_n live_v supra_fw-la upon_o their_o land_n in_o the_o county_n come_v to_o the_o general_a council_n in_o their_o own_o person_n 66._o thus_o it_o be_v here_o till_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o as_o i_o think_v the_o authority_n former_o insist_v on_o by_o mr._n petyt_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o by_o i_o for_o the_o possessionati_n in_o the_o county_n sufficient_o warrant_v wherefore_o the_o alteration_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o government_n in_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d._n if_o any_o be_v then_o make_v be_v the_o call_n out_o some_o of_o these_o proprietor_n earones_n comitatus_fw-la to_o come_v in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o put_v a_o representation_n upon_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o persuasion_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o king_n though_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o 263._o i_o must_v say_v it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o what_o be_v by_o mr._n cambden_n author_n transmit_v to_o we_o as_o do_v a_o little_a before_o the_o death_n 256._o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o must_v have_v be_v some_o year_n af-the_a 49th_o and_o the_o king_n victory_n at_o evesham_n over_o the_o great_a baron_n who_o he_o curb_v by_o the_o less_o the_o commons_o which_o prevail_v on_o his_o side_n by_o who_o assistance_n he_o deprive_v many_o great_a man_n of_o a_o judicial_a power_n in_o parliament_n and_o of_o the_o right_n to_o special_a summons_n while_o the_o commons_o have_v their_o power_n preserve_v in_o their_o representative_n they_o be_v all_o interest_v in_o the_o legislature_n as_o before_o but_o all_o the_o great_a baron_n have_v not_o their_o former_a interest_n in_o the_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o yet_o this_o variation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v no_o change_n of_o the_o outward_a frame_n of_o the_o government_n but_o only_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o some_o particular_a men._n and_o though_o the_o bring_n in_o representation_n where_o no_o representation_n be_v before_o alter_v the_o frame_n and_o appearance_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o the_o constitution_n and_o fundamental_a interest_n of_o proprietor_n of_o land_n with_o who_o the_o balance_n of_o power_n have_v ever_o be_v in_o this_o nation_n the_o foundation_n be_v and_o be_v the_o same_o like_o the_o same_o soul_n animate_v the_o same_o body_n when_o it_o be_v great_a and_o when_o by_o reason_n of_o tumult_n and_o sedition_n as_o we_o may_v call_v they_o in_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v waste_v from_o its_o corpulency_n and_o thereby_o often_o bring_v to_o a_o more_o assure_a state_n of_o health_n than_o ever_o before_o this_o more_o healthful_a state_n in_o a_o contract_a body_n of_o proprietor_n of_o land_n i_o yield_v to_o have_v be_v settle_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n the_o 3d._n it_o happen_v that_o there_o be_v writ_n to_o that_o purpose_n just_a in_o the_o 49th_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o then_o it_o be_v first_o begin_v whereas_o by_o the_o same_o argument_n it_o be_v in_o the_o 38th_o when_o two_o for_o every_o county_n be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n vice_n omnium_fw-la &_o singulorum_fw-la but_o if_o 12._o i_o shall_v confine_v myself_o to_o authority_n within_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o edward_n immediate_a successor_n to_o h._n the_o 3d_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o 244_o there_o be_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v any_o unbiased_a reader_n that_o the_o commons_o such_o as_o be_v now_o represent_v by_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o share_n or_o vote_n in_o make_v of_o law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o have_v communication_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n otherwise_o then_o as_o represent_v by_o the_o 2._o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la notwithstanding_o dr._n brady_n affirmation_n to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 24_o of_o e._n 1._o the_o earl_n baron_n 3._o knight_n and_o other_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o other_o be_v then_o and_o afterward_o mean_v of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n give_v a_o subsidy_n sicut_fw-la alias_o nobis_fw-la &_o progenitoribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la regibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o sure_a hen._n the_o 3d_o can_v be_v but_o one_o progenitor_n so_o that_o the_o farones_n minores_fw-la the_o freeholders_n of_o land_n which_o ever_o since_o the_o 49th_o or_o some_o other_o year_n of_o hen._n the_o 3d_v reign_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o county_n who_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n to_o be_v sure_o confine_v to_o knight_n by_o tenure_n or_o dub_a and_o the_o commons_o of_o city_n and_o burrough_n at_o the_o least_o from_o within_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n to_o who_o hen._n the_o 3d._n immediate_o succeed_v be_v member_n of_o parliament_n be_v party_n to_o grant_n there_o make_v and_o omit_v the_o prescription_n of_o the_o burrow_n of_o st._n alban_n from_o 30._o within_o the_o time_n of_o the_o progenitor_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o to_o use_v but_o one_o authority_n not_o mention_v in_o either_o of_o my_o tract_n in_o the_o 28_o of_o e._n 1._o the_o knight_n citizens_z dorso_fw-la and_o burgess_n have_v be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n nobiscum_fw-la de_fw-la diversis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o populum_fw-la regni_fw-la specialiter_fw-la tangentibus_fw-la tractatur_fw-la and_o writ_n issue_v out_o for_o their_o reasonable_a expense_n prout_fw-la aliis_fw-la consuevit_fw-la in_o casu_fw-la consimili_fw-la 1._o upon_o which_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o de_fw-fr quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la which_o be_v now_o in_o use_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v restrain_v to_o a_o few_o great_a matter_n but_o extend_v to_o divers_a according_a to_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o matter_n bring_v before_o or_o appear_v to_o they_o 2._o that_o the_o commons_o have_v not_o only_o a_o assent_n without_o power_n of_o dissent_v but_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v as_o well_o as_o the_o peer_n 3._o that_o their_o come_n be_v not_o a_o new_a thing_n then_o as_o if_o begin_v but_o 35_o year_n ago_o in_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n 3._o but_o it_o be_v of_o custom_n and_o legal_a prescription_n so_o far_o that_o it_o lay_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o subject_a to_o contribute_v to_o these_o expense_n and_o sure_o a_o usage_n of_o 35_o year_n will_v not_o be_v a_o sufficient_a charge_n in_o law_n 4._o that_o though_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n that_o representation_n for_o county_n be_v settle_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o yet_o the_o freeholder_n be_v often_o at_o parliament_n by_o representation_n and_o thence_o there_o be_v ground_n in_o reason_n to_o occasion_v the_o custom_n that_o they_o shall_v bear_v the_o charge_n of_o they_o that_o they_o choose_v nay_o if_o there_o be_v no_o actual_a choice_n there_o be_v tacit_n consent_v from_o which_o custom_n may_v arise_v that_o those_o who_o be_v willing_a and_o at_o leisure_n to_o be_v at_o council_n shall_v answer_v for_o and_o have_v contribution_n from_o the_o rest_n but_o let_v both_o dr._n brady_n and_o mr._n hunt_v consider_v the_o precedent_n above_o 149._o mention_v of_o coventry_n and_o bridgwater_n which_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o yet_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o let_v they_o give_v a_o categorical_a answer_n whether_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la and_o omnes_fw-la alij_fw-la hold_v in_o capite_fw-la mention_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n make_v