Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
parliament_n	earl_n	king_n	york_n	3,121	5	9.5804	5	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56162	The first and second part of A seasonable, legal, and historicall vindication and chronological collection of the good old fundamentall liberties, franchises, rights, laws of all English freemen ... wherein is irrefragably evinced by Parliamentary records, proofs, presidents, that we have such fundamentall liberties, franchises, rights, laws ... : collected, recommended to the whole English nation, as the best legacy he can leave them / by William Prynne of Swainswick, Esquire.; Seasonable, legal, and historical vindication of the good old fundamental liberties, franchises, rights, properties, laws, government of all English freemen. Part 1-2	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1655 (1655)	Wing P3954; ESTC R19429	161,045	206

cloak their intentions from the people they took an Oath of all they met Quod Regi Communibus fidelitatem servarent that they should keep Allegiance and Faith to the King Commons Yea Wat Tyler demanded a Commission from the King to behead all Lawyers Escheaters and others whatsoever that were learned in the laws or communicated with the law by reason of their Office conceiving in his minde that this being brought to passe all things afterwards would be ordered according to his own and the common peoples fancy And he made his vaunt putting his hand to his own lips That before scure dayes came to an end ALL THE LAWS OF ENGLAND SHOULD PROCEED FROM HIS MOUTH Which some of late times seem to speak not only in words but deeds by their manifold new laws and Edicts repealing or contradicting our old This their resolution and attempt thus to alter and subvert the Laws and Government upon full debate in the Parliament of 5. R. 2. n. 30. 31. was declared to be High-Treason against the King and the Law for which divers of the chief Actors in this Treasonable Designe were condemned and executed as Traitors in severall places and the rest enforced to a publike submission then pardoned Let these imitators now remember this old President 2. In the Parliament of 11. R. 2. as appears by the Parliament Rols and printed Statutes at large three Privy Councellours the Archbishop of York the Duke of Ireland and the Earl of Suffolk the Bishop of Exeter the Kings Confessor five Knights six Judges whereof Sir Robert Tresylian Chief Justice was one Blake of the Kings Councel at Law Vsk and others were impeached and condemned of High Treason some of them executed as Traitors the rest banished their lands and goods forfeited and none to endeavour to procure their pardon under pain of Felony for their endeavouring to overthrow a Commission for the good of the Kingdome contrary to an Act of Parliament by force of Arms and opinions in Law delivered by these temporizing Judges and Lawyers to the King through threats and terrour at Nottingham Castle tending to subvert the Laws and Statutes of the Realm overthrow the Power Priviledges and proceedings of Parliament and betray not all the House of Lords but only some of the Lords of Parliament Which Judgement being afterwards reversed in the forced and packed Parliament of 21. R. 2. was reconfirmed in the Parliament of 1 H. 4. c. 3 4 5. and the Parliament of 21. R. 2. totally repealed and adnulled for ever and hath so continued Read Statut. at large 3. In the Parliament of 17 R. 2. n. 20. and Pas 17 R. 2. B. Regis Rot. 16. Sir Thomas Talbot was accused and found guilty of High Treason for conspiring the death of the Dukes of Glocester Lancaster and other Peers who maintained the Commission confirmed by Act of Parliament 10. R. 2 and assembling people in a warlike manner in the County of Chester for effecting of it in destruction of the estates of the Realm and the Laws of the Kingdome 4. In the 29. year of King Henry the sixth Jack Cade under a pretence to REFORM alter and abrogate some laws Purveyances and Extortions importable to the Commons whereupon he was called JOHN AMEND ALL drew a great multitude of Kentish people to Black-heath in a warlike manner to effect it In the Parliament of 29 H. 6. c. 1 this was adjudged High Treason in him and his Complices by Act of Parliament and the Parliament of 31. H. 6. c. 1. made this memorable Act against him and his Imitators in succeding ages worthy serious perusal and consideration by all who tread in his footsteps and over-act him in his Treasons Whereas the most abominable Tyrant horrible odious and errant FALSE TRAYTOR John Cade calling himself sometimes Mortimer sometime Captain of Kent which Name Fame Acts and Feats be to be removed out of the speech and minde of every faithfull Christian man perpetually falsly and traiterously purposing and imagining the perpetuall destruction of the KINGS PERSON and FINAL SVBVERSION OF THIS REALM taking upon him ROYALL POWER and gathering to him the Kings People in great number BY FALSE SVBTIL IMAGINED LANGVAGE and seditiously made a stirring Rebellion and insurrection VNDER COLOVR OF JVSTICE FOR REFORMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE SAID KING robbing slaying spoiling a great part of his faithfull people Our said Soveraign Lord the King considering the premises with many other which were more odious to remember by advice and assent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and at THE REQUEST OF THE COMMONS and by Authority aforesaid Hath ordained and established that the said John Cade shall be had named and declared A FALSE TRAYTOR to our said Soveraign Lord the King and that all his Tyranny Acts Feats false Opinions shall be voided abated adnulled destroyed and put out of remembrance for ever And that all Indictments and things depending thereof had and made under the power of Tyranny shall likewise be void adnulled abated repealed and holden for none and that the blood of none of them be defiled nor corrupted but by the Authority of the said Parliament clearly declared for ever And that all Indictments in time coming in like case under power of Tyranny Rebellion and stirring had shall be of no regard or effect but void in Law And all the Petitions delivered to the said King in his last Parliament holden at Westminster the sixth day of November the 29. of his Reign against his minde by him not agreed shall be taken and put in Oblivion out of Remembrance undone voided adnulled and destroyed for ever as a thing purposed against God and his Conscience and against his Royal estate and preheminence and also DISHONORABLE and UNREASONABLE 5. In the 8 year of King Henry the 8. William Bell and Thomas Lacy in the County of Kent conspired with Thomas Cheney the Hermite of the Queen of Fairies TO OVER THROW THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF THE REALM for effecting whereof they with 200 more met together and concluded upon a course of raising greater forces in Kent and the adjacent Shires This was judged High Treason and some of them executed as Traitors Moreover it was resolved by all the Judges of England in the reign of Henry 8. that an Insurrection against the Statute of Laborers or for the inhansing of Salaries and wages or against any Statute or to remove Councellors or to any other end pretending Reformation of their own heads was TREASON and a levying war against the King BECAVSE IT WAS GENERALLY AGAINST THE KINGS LAW and the Offenders took upon them THE REFORMATION THEREOF which Subjects by gathering of power ought not to do 6. On December 1. in the 21. year of King Henry the 8. Sr. Thomas Moore Lord Chancellour of England with fourteen more Lords of the Privy Councel John Fitz-James Chief Justice of England and Sir Anthony Fitz-Herbert Herbert

Bull the Jesuites after her decease disswaded the Romish-minded Subjects from yielding in any wise obedience to King James as their Soveraign and entrâ—d into a Treasonable Conspiracy with the Lord Cobham Lord Gray and others against him to imprison him for the ends aforesaid or destroy him pretending that King Iames was no King at all before his Coronation and that therefore they might by force of Arms lawfully surprise his person and Prince Henry his Son and imprison them in the Tower of London or Dover-Castle till they inforced them by duress to grant a free toleration of their Catholick Religion to remove some evil Counsellors from about them and to grant them a free Pardon for this violence or else they would put some further project in execution against them to their destruction But this Conspiricy being discovered The Traytors were apprehended arraighned condemned and Watson and Clerk two Jesuited Priests who had drawn them into this Conspiracy upon the aforesaid Pretext with some others executed as Traytors all the Iudges of England resolving that King Iames being right Heir to the Crown by descent was immediately upon the death of Queen Elizabeth actually possessed of the Crown and lawful King of England before any Proclamatâ—on or Coronation of him which are but Ceremonies as was formerly adjudged in the case of Queen Mary and Queed Iane 1 Mariae there being no Interregnum by the Law of ENGLAND as is adjudged declared by Act of Parliament 1 Iac. c. 1. worthy serious perusal 8. their horrid Gun-powder Treason Plot contrived fomented by Garnet Superiour of the English Jesuites Gerard Tensmod and other Jesuites who by their Apostolical power did not onely commend but absolve from all sin the other Jesuited Popish Conspirators and Faux The Sculdier who were their instruments to effect it Yea the Jesuitical Priests were so Atheistical as that they usually concluded their Masses with Prayers for the good success of this hellish Plot which was suddenly with no less then 36 Barrels of Gunpowder placed in a secret Vault under the House of Lords to have blown up and destroyed at once King James himself the Queen Prince Lords Spirituall and Temporal with the Commons assembled together in the Upper-House of Parliament upon the 5 of November Anno Dom. 1605. and then forcibly to have seised with armed men prepared for that purpose the persons of our late beheaded King then Dake of York and of the Lady Elizabeth his Sister if absent from the Parliament and not there destroyed with the rest that so there might be none of the Royal Line left to inherit the Crown of England Scotland and Ireland to the utter overthrow and subversion of the whole Royal Family Parliament State and Government of this Realm Which unparallel'd inhumane bloody Plot being miraculously discovered prevented the very day before its execution in perpetual detestation of it and of the Jesuites and their traiterous Romish Religion which both contrived and approved it the 5 day of November by the Statute of 3 Jacobi ch 1. was enacted to be had in perpetual Remembrance that all Ages to come might thereon meet together publickly throughout the whole Nation to render publick praises unto God for preventing this infernal Jesuitical Design and keep in memory this joyful Day of Deliverance for which end special forms of publick Prayers and Thankesgivings were then appointed and that Day ever since more or less annually observed till this present And it is worthy special observation that had this Plot taken effect It was agreed by the Jesuites and Popish Conspirators before-hand That the Imputation of this Treason should be cast upon the Puritans to make them more Odious as now they father all the Powder-Plots of this kinde which they have not onely laid but fully accomplished of late yeers against the King Prince Royal Posterity the Lords and Commons House our old English Parliaments and Government upon those Independents and Anabaptistical Sword-men whom they now repute and stile the most reformed PURITANS who were in truth but their meer under Instruments to effect them When as they originally laid the Plots as is clear by Campanella's Book De Monarchia Hisp ch 25. and Cardinal Richelieu his Instructions at his death to the King of France And it is very observable that as Courtney the Jesuite Rector of the English Jesuites Colledge at Rome did in the year 1641. when the name of Independents was scarce heard of in England openly affirm to some English Gentlemen and a Reverend Minister of late in Cornwal from whom I had this Relation then and there feasted by the English Jesuites in their Colledge That now at last after all their former Plots had miscarried they had found out a sure way to subvert and ruine the Church of England which was most formidable to them of all others by the Independents who immediately after by the Jesuites clandestine assistance infinitely encreased supplanted the Presbyterians by degrees got the whole power of the Army and by it of the Kingdom into their hands then subverted both the Presbyterian Government and Church of England in a great measure with the Parliament King and his Posterity as Monsieur Militiere a Jesuited French-Papist observes So some Independent Ministers Sectaries and Anabaptists ever since 1648. have neglected the observation of the fifth of November as I am credibly informed and refused to render publick thanks to God for the deliverance thereon contrary to the Act for this very reason which some of them have rendered That they would not mock God in publick by praising him for delivering the late King Royal Posterity and House of Lords from destruction then by Jesuites and Papists when as themselves have since destroyed and subverted them through Gods providence and repute it a special mercy and deliverance to the Nation from Tyranny and Bondage for which they have cause to bless the Lord Performing that for the Jesuites and Powder-Traytors which themselves could not effect The Lord give them grace and hearts to consider how much they acted the Jesuites and promoted their very worst Designes against us therein what infamy and scandal they have thereby drawn upon all zealous Professors of our Protestant Religion and what will they do in the end thereof 9. To omit all other Forraign instances cited in Speculum Jesuiticum p. 124 to 130. where you may peruse them at leisure By their poysoning King Iames himself in conclusion as some of them have boasted 10. By the Popes Nuntio's and a Conclave of Jesuites Conspiracy at London Anno 1640. to poyson our late King Charles himself as they had poysoned his Father with a poysoned Indian Nut kept by the Jesuites and shewed often by Conne the Popes Nuntio to the Discoverer of that Plot or else to destroy him by the Scotish wars and troubles raised for that very end by the Jesuites in case he refused to grant them a

are due to them and preserved for them shall be at the sole will and pleasâ—re of the Prince Army General and General Councel of Officers in their new High Courts of Injustice or other Martial Judicatories as now they are O consider consider seriously by these particulars to what a sad low despicable condition all English Parliaments are now for ever reduced and their pristine antient Priviledges Honor Freedom Power violently ravished from them by the late Army practises violences and rebellious insolencies against them never to be parallel'd in any age which hath really verified this clause in the Declaration of both Houses August 4. 1642. objected against the King and his popish Army in relation to the Parliaments Army purposely raised commissioned engaged for their defence That if the King by his Army may force this Parliament as the Parliaments Army both forced and dissolved it they may bid farewell to all Parliaments for ever receiving good by them And if Parliaments be lost they the People are lost their Laws are lost as well those lately made as in former times ALL WHICH WILL BE CVT IN SVNDER WITH THE SAME SWORD NOW DRAWN FOR THE DESTRVCTION OF THIS PARLIAMENT as we now find true by sad experience Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria about the year of our Lord 340. objected this as a great crime barbarism cruelty and violation of the priviledges of Councels to the Arrian Emperour Constantius That whensoever he called a Councel or Assembly of Bishops it was but for a shew For he would not permit them to be guided by the Ecclesiastical Canons but his Will alone must be their only Canon And when they advised him not to subvert the Ecclesiastical order nor bring the Arrian Heresie into the Church of God he would neither hear nor permit them to speak freely but grievously bending his brows if they had spoken cross to his designs and SHAKING HIS SWORD AT THEM COMMANDED THEM TO BE TAKEN AWAY Whereupon he thus infers What Liberty for perswasion or place for advice is there left when he that contradicteth shall for his labour lose either his Life or his Country Why hath the Emperour gathered so great a number of Bishops partly terrified with threats partly inticed with promises to condescend that they will not communicate wiâ—h Athanasius And Hilary Bishop of Poictou Ann. 360. in his first Book against this Tyrannical Arrian Emperour Constantius thus censures his violent proceedings of this kind to the subversion of the freedom and priviledge of Councils and their members Thou gatherest COUNCILS and when they be shut up together in one City thou TERRIFIEST THEM WITH THREATS THOU PINEST THEM WITH HVNGER THOU LAMEST THEM WITH COLD as the Army Officers did the secluded Members 6 and 7 Decemb. 1648. when they shut them up all night in Hell on the bare boards without beds in the cold and kept them fasting all the next day at Whitehall til 7 a clock at night Thou depravest them with Dissembling O THOU WICKED ONE what a mockery dost thou make of the Church and Councels Only Dogs return to their Vomit and thou compellest the Priests of Christ to sup up those things which they have disgorged and commandest them in their confessions to allow that WHICH BEFORE THEY CONDEMNED What Bishops hand hast thou left innocent What tongue hast thou not forced to falshood Whose heart hast thou not brought to the condemning of his former opinion Thou hast subjected all to thy will yea to thy violence And have not some swaying Army Officers by their frowns menaces frauds Swords open force upon the Parliament and its Members beyond all the presidents in any ages done the like and exceeded this Arrian Tyrant herein And is it not then high time for all friends to Parliaments to protest and provide against such detestable treasonable violences for the future destructive to all Parliaments if permitted or silently pretermitted without question exemplary censure righting of the imprisoned Members or any provision to redresse them for the future Our prudent Ancesters were so carefull to prevent all violence force arms and armed men in or near any places where Parliaments were held to terrifie over-awe or disturb their proceedings or Members That in the Parliament of 7 E. 1. as you may read in Rastals Abridgement Armour 1. Provision was made by the King by common consent of the Prelates Earls and Barons by a general act That in all Parliaments Treaties and other Assemblies which should be made in the Realm of England FOR EVER every man shall come without Force and without Armour well and peaceably to the honour of the King and of the peace of him and of his Realm and they together with the Commonalty of the Realm upon solemn advise declared That it belonged to the King and his part it is by his Royal Signiory strictly to defend Wearing of Armour and all other Force against his peace at all times when it shall please him especially at such times and in places where such Parliaments Treaties and Assemblies are held and to punish them which shall doe contrary according to the Laws and usage of the Realm And hereunto they are bound to aid the Kind as their Soveraign Lord at all seasons when need shall be Hereupon our Kings ever since this statute by virtue thereof and by the Law and Custom of the PARLIAMENT as Sir Edward Cook in his 4 Institutes c. 1. p. 14. informs us did at the beginning of every Parliament make a speciall Proclamation Prohibiting the bearing of Arms or weapons in or near the places where the Parliament sate under pain of forfeiting all they had Of which there are sundry presidents cited by Sir Edward Cook in his Margin whereof I shall transcribe but one which he omits and that is 6 E. 3. Rot. Parliament n. 2. 3. Because that before these days at the Parliaments and Counsels of our Lord the King Debates Riots and commotions have risen and been moved for that People have come to the places where Parliaments have been summoned and assembled armed with privy coats of plate spears swords long knives or daggers and other sort of arms by which the businesses of our Lord the King and his Realm have been impeached and the great men which have come thither by his command have been affrighted Our Lord the King willing to provide remedy against such mischiefs defendeth that no man of what estate or condition soever he be upon pain of forfeiting all that he may forfeit to the King shall be seen armed with a Coat of Male nor yet of plate nor with an Halberd nor with a spear nor sword nor long knife nor any other suspitious arms within the City of LONDON nor within the Suburbs thereof nor any place near the said City nor yet within the Palace of WEST MINSTER or any place near the said Palace by Land or Water under the foresaid pain except only such of the Kings men

as he shall depute or by his command shall be deputed to keep the peace within the said places and also except the Kings servants according to the Statute of Northampton And it is not the intention of our Lord the King that any Earl or Baron may not have his Lance brought to him in any place but onely in the Kings presence and in the place of Councell The like Proclamations were made in the beginning of the Parliaments of 9. 1â— 17 18. 20 25 â—dw 3. and sundry others more necessary to be revived in all succeeding English Parliaments now than ever heretofore since the unpresidented forces upon the late Members of both Houses and the Parliament it self by the Army-Officers and Souldiers raised to defend them from Violence The Treasonablenesse and Transcendency whereof being at large related in my Epistle to the Reader before my Speech in Parliament 4 December 1648 I shall not here criminally presse nor insist on but referred them thereunto However for the future security and freedome of our Parliaments from violence I must crave liberty to inform these Army Parliament drivers forcers dissolvers habituated to this trade That if the late Kings march to the House of Commons accompanied only with some of his Pensioners and others armed with Pistols and Swords meerly to demand but five Members thereof to be delivered up to Justice particularly impeached by him of High Treason some dayes before to wit That they had traiterously endeavoured to subvert the Fundamental Laws and Government of this Kingdome To deprive the King of his Royal power To place over the Subjects an Arbitrary and Tyrannical power To subvert the very Rights and being of Parliaments and by force and terrour to compell the Parliament to joyn with them in their designs for which end they had actually raised and countenanced Tumults against the King and Parliament Or if the Kings bare tampering with some Officers of his own Northern Army to draw a Petition from them to the Houses or march towards London from their quarters not to seise upon force or dissolve the Parliament or its Members but only to over-aw them and impeach the freedom of their debates Votes touching Episcopacy Church-Government and the Kings Revenues were such high transcendent violations of the Priviledges and Freedome of Parliament and unsufferable injuries as both Houses of Parliament separately and joyntly proclaimed them to all the world in severall Declarations during his life Or such capitall crimes as those who condemned and executed him for a Traytor and Tyrant have published in their Declaration of 17 March 1648. touching the grounds of their proceedings against him and setling the Government in the way of a Free State without King or House of Lords since his beheading in these very words But ABOVE ALL the English army was laboured by the King to be engaged against the English Parliament a thing of that strange in piety and unnaturalness for the King of England that nothing can answer it but his being a Forraigner neither could it have easily purchased belief but by his succeeding visible actions in full pursuance of the same as the Kings comming in Person to the House of Commons to seise the five Members whither he was followed with some hundreds of unworthy debauched persons armed with swords and pistols and other arms and they attending him at the door of the House ready to execute what the Leader should command them Which they charged against the King as the highest of his unparralleld Offences for which they appeal to all the world of indifferent men to judge whether they had not sufficient cause to bring him to Justice Though neither he nor his followers then seized secured secluded injured any one Member when they thus went to the Commons House Yea presently retracted his Impeachment and offered all satisfaction that should be desired by the House for this breach of Privilege and though neither the Northern Army nor their Officers ever advanced towards or offered the least violence to the Houses or their priviledges by Petition or otherwise Then certainly the Parliaments own Armies Officers Counsels manifold high printed Declarations of June 14. 23. July 7. Aug. 18. 1647. Nov. 16. Decemb 7. 1648. and others before and since their professed open Oppositions Impeachments against the very Proceedings Votes Orders Ordinances Members of both Houses of Parliament which first raised them principally for their defence Printed by their order in their Book of Declarations The History of Independency and my Speech in Parliament their Impeachment of eleven Members of the House of Commons and sundry Lords at once their securing of above 40 and secluding of above five parts of six of the whole House of Commons at once their avowed marches with the whole Body of the Army in Baâ—talia severall times to force the Houses seise their Members over-aw affright dis-member dissolve the Parliament it self and their own new erected Junctoes since and justification of it to all the world in print in their humble Answer touching the secured and secluded Members Jan. 3. 1648. The true state of the case of the Commonwealth of England 1654. and their Declarations concerning their dissolution of their two Junctoes after these Misdemeanours of the King without the least repentance for them must needs be farre more execrable unwarrantable and criminal than the Kings and deserve a severer censure than his Peccadilioes in respect of their crimes And if by the whole Armies printed Remonstrances August 2. and 18. 1647. the tumult of some unarmed London Apprentices who offered some small force to the Houses to the violation of their Priviledges without securing or secluding any one Member deserved a speedy and exemplary capital proceeding against the principal contrivers and Actors in it as they then declared and vehemently urged again and again in those Remonstrances Or if by their own Charge in the Name of the whole Army June 14. 1647. against the XI Members it was so high an offence in them That they joyntly or severally invited encouraged abetted or countenanced several Reformadoes and OTHER OFFICERS AND SOULDIERS TVMVLTVOVSLY AND VIOLENTLY TO GATHER TOGETHER AT WESTMINSTER TO AFFRIGHT ASSAULT THE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT IN PASSAGES TO FROM THE HOâ—SE TO OFFER VIOLENCE TO THE HOUSE IT SELF BY SVCH VNRVLY OVTRAGES THREATS TO AWE AND INFORCE THE PARLIAMENT And that upon their bare suggestion thereof without any proof at all or colour of truth they presently demanded That the persons impeached MIGHT BE FORTHWITH SECLVDED FROM SITTING IN THE HOVSE and removed thence before any hearing or trial which the Officers and Army eagerly pressed in their Paper of June 15. 1647. Nay if by their own late printed Instrument of the Government of the Commonwealth of England c. Articles 14. 16. All and every person and persons who have aided advised assisted or abetted in any war against the Parliament since the first day of

after so many Declarations and solemn Protestations made by his Majesty to rule by the known Laws of this Land his Majesty by advice of his ill Councellors should be perswaded to set such a Commission on foot which is so clearly contrary TO THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF THIS LAND the Rights of Property and Liberty of the Subject contrary to former resolutions of Parliament and to the Petition of Right I am certain the generality of the Nation are now as much and more agrieved that some who were Parties to this Declaration and others who have made as many or more Declarations Protestations as his Majesty ever did to rule by the known laws of the Land should since this far exceed his Majesty in the like nay greater more exorbitances in the Militia Excises Taxes Impositions Imprisonments arbitrary extravagant proceedings capital executions in new erected Courts of Injustice and whole volumes of new binding Ordinances as they term them and their ill-sounding Instrument obliging all our three Nations both for the present all future ages in their intention as diametrically contrary as the Kings Commissions of Array to the Fundamentall Laws of the Land four times together so stiled and insisted on as such in this one Declaration of both Houses the Right of Property of the Subject contrary to former Resolutions and the Petition of Right yea which is most abominable to their own Declarations Remonstrances Votes Protestations Vows Solemne Leagues and Covenants in Parliament to their own eternall Infamy as well as the peoples intolerable oppression and slavery who thereupon may justly conclude and protest against them as both Houses did in the close of this Declaration against the Array viz. And the Lords and Commons do and shall adhere to their former Votes Resolutions That all those that are Actors in putting of this Commission of Array these Instruments Ordinances new Taxes Imposts Excises in execution shall be esteemed disturbers of the Peace of the Kingdome and of the Properties and Liberties of the Subject 10. The tenth Evidence is the Vote and Letter of both Houses of Parliament sent to his Majesty at Oxford 9. March 1643. in Answer to his Majesties of the third of March and wherein there is this passage We the Lords and Commons assembled in the Parliament of England c. Have resolved with the concurrent advice and consent of the Commissioners of Scotland to represent to your Majesty in all humility and plainnesse as followeth That this present Parliament convened according to the known and FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF THE KINGDOME the continuance whereof is established by a law consented to by your Majesty is in effect denied to be a Parliament c. And hereupon we think our selves bound to let your Majesty know That since the continuance of this Parliament is settled by a Law which as all other laws of your Kingdome your Majesty is sworn to maintain as we are sworn to our Allegiance to your Majesty those Obligations being reciprocall we must in duty and accordingly are resolved with our Lives and Fortunes to Defend and preserve the â—ust Rights and full Power of this Parliament To which the Earle of Essex then General by both Houses order in his Letter to the Earle of Forth January 30. 1643. adds this Corolary My Lord the mainâ—enance of the Parliament of England and the Priviledges thereof is that for which we are resolved to spend our bloud as being THE FOVNDATION WHEREON ALL OVR LAWS AND LIBERTIES ARE BVILT Which both the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament in their Declaration 23. March 1643. touching their proceedings upon his Majesties Letter concerning a Treaty of Peace wherein this Earls former letter is recited thus second The Parliament of England is the onely Basis the chief Support and Pillar of our Laws and Liberties c. And if notwithstanding all these Obligations the King shall at his pleasure dissolve this Parliament the Kingdome is not onely deprived of the present but made uncapable of enjoying the benefit of any future Parliament or Laws any longer than shall stand with the will and pleasure of the King and consequently THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ALL OUR LAWS AND GOVERNMENT ARE SUBVERTED Let the Parliament-purging securing sequestring dissolving Officers Army and their Confederates seriously ponder this yea let all the whole English Nation and their Trustees who shall hereafter sit in Parliament consider and reform it in the first place if ever they expect any Freedome free Parliaments Peace settlement enjoyment of their Fundamental Laws Rights or Liberties for the future depending on our Parliaments Freedome and exemption from all force and violence on its Members The eleventh is the Ordinance of both Houses of Parliament 13. Junii 1644. For the Forces raised in the County of Salop which begins thus The Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament taking into their serious considerations the great Oppressions under which the Inhabitants of the County of Salop lie by reason the insupportable Taxes c. and the present condition of the County by reason of the great number of Irish Rebels that have invaded it and joyned with Papists and other ill affected Persons now in those parts which threaten the extirpation of the Protestant Religion and the subversion of the FUNDAMENTAL LAWS and GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM For prevention whereof c. A direct Ordinance in point The twelfth is a Declaration of the Commons of England assembled in Parliament 17. Aprilis 1646. Of their true intentions concerning the ANCIENT and FUNDAMENTAL GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOME securing the people against ALL ARBITRARY GOVERNMENT c. wherein they complain That the Enemy being in dispair to accomplish his Designes by War do mis-represent our intentions in the use we intend to make of the great successes God hath given us and the happy opportunity to settle Peace and Truth in the three Kingdomes to beget a belief that we now desire to excâ—ed or swerve from our first Aym's and Principles in the undertaking of this War and to recede from the Solemn League and Covenant and Treaties between the two Kingdomes and that we would prolong these uncomfortable troubles and bleeding distractions IN ORDER TO ALTER THE FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTION AND FRAME OF THIS KINGDOME to leave all Government in the Church loose and unsettled and ourselves to exercise THE SAME ARBITRARY POWER OVER THE PERSONS and ESTATES OF THE SVBJECTS which this present Parliament hath thought fit to abolish by taking away the Star-Chamber High-Commission and other arbitrary Courts and the exorbitant Power of the Council Table all which we have seen experimentally verified in every particular in the highest degree notwithstanding this Declaration by some in late and present power and new White-hall Council Tables exceeding the old in illegal Taxes Law-making and other extravagances All which being seriously considered by us c. We do declare THAT OUR TRUE and REAL INTENTIONS ARE and OUR ENDEAVOUR SHALL BE

for such ends by colour of this ill tuned Instrument contrived privatly by themselves alone as most conjecture for their own self-interests to impose perpetuall Imposts Excises Customes Contributions of all kinds on our whole three Kingdoms and Nations which neither they nor their Parliaments though never so grievous extravagant unreasonable or oppressive shall have power to take away diminish alter or regulate in the forecited illegall oppressing violent wayes of levying them unless their Grand Soveraign Lord Protector shall first give his consent thereto which they cannot expect nor enforce and in cale of his refusall they are utterly left remediless he having Thirty thousand armed Mercenary Horse and Foot in severall Quarters by Land and a strong numerous Navy by Sea at his command to keep them under endless Tributes to him and his Successors for ever O England England to omit Scotland and Ireland consider seriously and timely to what a blessed Liberty and long-expected freedome this New invented Instrument and the Irish Harp lately quartered with the English bloody Cross as our Free-State Arms hath now at last reduced thee if these objected Articles must remain inviolable maugre all our Laws Statutes c. to the contrary as our New Tax-masters and their Instruments both literally and practically conclude unlesse you use your uttermost lawfull present diligent joynt Endeavours to prevent it ã€ˆâ€¦ã€‰ 4ly The whole House of Commons yea some who were parties to this Instrument lately impeached and with the Lords â—ouse by judgement of Parliament condemned beheaded the Earl of Strafford and Archbishop of Canterbury as guilty of High Treason in subverting our Fundamental Lawes Liberties and setting up an arbitrary Tyrannical Government for resolving at the Councel Table before-hand To assist the King to raise Monies on the Subjects to carry on the Warres against the Scots by extraordinary wayes in case the Parliament should prove peevish and refuse to grant such Subsidies as they demanded of them And for Straffords affirming That Ireland was a Conquered Nation and that the King might do with them what he pleased That they were a Conquered Nation and were to expect Lawes as from a Conqueror And that he would make an Act of Councel board in that Kingdom of Ireland as binding as an Act of Parliament And do not the Objectors Contrivers of this New Instrument Articles and those who now vigorously put it in execution in any kind as too many do speak out and do as much as bad as they in each of these particulars nay farre more and worse Do not they after the late violent breaches of our former Parliaments and their own Junctoes by the Army raise monies in more vast proportions by more irregular violent extraordinary wayes by longer continued Taxes Excises Impositions and constant yearly Revenues then they ever did or designed quite out of Parliament by their own arrogated Legislative Tax-imposing Power Do not they by this very Instrument proclaim to all the world that not only Ireland and Scotland but England it self is now a meer Conquered Nation that thereupon they may do with us what thâ—y please and we must not only expect but receive Lawes from them as Conquerors having already published whole Volumes of New-Laws and Ordinances of all sorts at their New-erected Councel board which the Old never did and made them as binding not only to Ireland but England and Scotland too as an Act of Parliament yea farre more binding than any Parliament Acts by binding the hands power of future Parliaments themselves and our three whole Nations as aforesaid and that in Perpetuity which no Parliaments nor Acts of Parliament can do and by repealing nulling all our former Fundamental Laws Charters Liberties Free Government made by Parliaments with our very Parliaments themselves And if so let the Objectors now seriously consider both the Treasonableness unparliamentalness sad Consequences of this Objection and what ill effects it may produce in present or future ages 5ly The Statutes of 25 E. 1. c. 2. 42 E. 3. c 2. yet in force declare All judgements given or to be given by the Justices or any other contrary to the points of the Great Charter to be void and holden for Nought and if any Statute be made to the contrary it shall be holden for none Therefore these Instrument Articles and Paper Ordinances made by colour of them in direct opposition to and subversion of the points of the Great Charter and all other Acts for their confirmation must needs be holden for nought and void to all intents to bind this whole Free-born Nation or any one Freeman of England in particular 6. If these Articles and Instrument for the premised reasons and defect of Legal power in the yet unknown Instrument-makers be not void in Law to all intents and purposes as all wise men repute them yet other clauses and Articles of this very Instrument admit it valid and obligatory to our Nations give a fatal blow to all the forementioned Excises Impositions Contributions by colour thereof and to the Objected Articles First the Prologue to the Oath at the close thereof proclaims the Government setled by it to be such as by the blessing of God might be lasting secure Property and answer The Great Ends of Religion and Libertie so long Contended for But these Articles as the Objection and premises evidence do no wayes secure but utterly subvert all Property in the highest degree and answer not but eternally frustrate abolish the Great ends of our Religion condemning all illegal unrighteous Taxes and Tyrannical Usurping Oppressing arbitrary Powers but especially of our Liberties so long contended for and are rather likely to raise new troubles and unsettlements than make the Government lasting as many late Presidents with those ancient ones in Dr. Beard his Theatre of Gods Judgements l. 2. c. 36. to 42. may perswade us Therefore it must be exploded as repugnant to the whole scope of the Instrument 2. The 6. Article of it is fatall and destructive to the objected Articles viz That the Laws shall not be altered suspended abrogated or repealed nor any New Law made Nor any Tax Charge or Imposition laid upon the People but by common consent in Parliament Save Only as is expressed in the 30th Article not 27. Now these objected 27 28 29 Articles being diametrically contrary to every word clause of this 6 Article and agreeable to our Fundamental Laws which the last clause of the Oath obligeth their Protector and his Successors to maintain and to govern the People by which Laws must be all altered suspended abrogated repealed by these Articles alone if reputed valid in giving Power to them to impose any Tax Charge Imposition upon the People without common consent in Parliament and being not within the saving of this or the 30th Article must needs be void and repealed by this very sixt Article and the Oath it self 3. The 30th Article following them diametrically contradicts repeals them in

to violate we shall appeal to the judgement of any indifferent man how little truth is contained in this their assertion or in the Army Officers printed Papers to the same effect The Parliament is to be considered in three severall respects First As a Councell to advise Secondly As a Court to judge 3. As it is the body representative of the whole Kingdom to make repeal or alter Laws and whether the Parliament hath enjoyed its priviledges in any of these respects under the Army-Officers and powers as well as late King let any that hath eyes open judge For the first We dare appeal even to the Consciences of the Contrivers themselves and to the consciences of the Army-Officers Souldiers and Whitehall men themselves whether matters of the highest importance witness all the publick proceedings against the late Parliament King Peers Government the Warrs with Scotland Holland their new Magna Châ—rta repealing the old Entituled The Government of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland wherein they take upon them such an Omnipotent Soveraign power as To pass a decree upon the wavering humors of the people and to say to this Nation yea to Scotland and Ireland too As the Almighty himself said once to the unruly Sea Here shall be thy bounds hitherto shalt thou come and no further as some of them most arrogantly if not blasphemously publish in print to all the world in their True State of the Case of the Commonwealth p. 34. Their making of new binding Laws and Ordinances repealing old Laws and Statutes in and by pretext of this Instrument out of Parliament as their manifold Whitehall Folio new Edicts amounting to near 700 pages attest have not been agitated and determined in and by the Army-Officers General Councel and other unparliamentary Juncto's not only without but contrary to their Advice and Votes too and whether private unknown Councels in the Army Whitehall and elswhere yea the private Councels Plots conspiracies of Iesuits of Forraign Popish and Spanish Agents have not been hearkned unto approved and followed when the Faithful and wholsom advice of the great Counsel hath been scorned neglected by the Army Officers and their Confederates And yet none can deny but it is one of the Principle ends why a Parliament is called To Consult the great Affairs of the Church and State And what miserable effects and sad events this neglect of the great Councel and preferring of unknown and private Councels before it hath produced let the present Distractions of this Kingdom bear witnesse with all the bloody unchristian Wars Taxes Oppressions Distractions since the Armies force upon the King Members Houses Anno 1647. and 1648. to this present time Concerning the Second it sufficiently appears by the making the Kings Court by the Force and Power of the Kings Army the Sanctuary and refuge of All sorts of Delinquents against the Parliament and Kingdom and protecting and defending them from the Justice thereof and by admitting such to bear places of great trust in the Army and to stand in defiance of the Parliament and the Authority thereof and is it not a far greater crime to make the Parliaments Army it self a Delinquent against the Parliament and Kingdom the sanctuary of such Delinquents against both and to continue such Officers in places of greatest trust in the Army who have levied actual war against the Parliament secluded secured members of Parliament kept divers years under their armed guards in defiance of the Parliament without any particular Charge or Impeachment refusing to release them even when the Serjeant was sent at first from the House it self to demand the Members seised By all which it is apparent how our Privledges have been torn from us by piece-meals from time to time And we might mention many passages whereby they were endeavoured to be pulled up by the root and totally subverted As the attempt to bring up the late Army from the North to force Conditions upon the Parliament His Majesties Letters and Commands to the Members of both Houses which found obedience in a great many to attend him at York and so By depriving the Parliament of their Members destroy the whole Body And was not the actual twice bringing up of the Parliaments own Army by the Army Officers against the Parliament it self to impeach secure some principal Members of both Houses seclude the Majority of the Commons House suppress the whole House of Lords break off the Treaty behead the King the Head of the Parliament against the Parliaments Votes alter the Government force conditions on the Parliament it self to omit the 12 21 24 32 37 38 39 Articles of their New Government with the secluding of all the Members lately admitted by Armed Souldiers till they took a New Engagement and keeping out all others a taking of the Privileges of the Parliament from them all by Whole-sale and a more desperate pulling up by the Roots and total subversion of all the Priviledges and whole Body of the Parliament than this objected against the Northern Army or the Kings Jesuitical ill Councel Which is enough to prove the vanity of the Contrivers of that Declaration and of the Army Officers too to feed themselves with hope of belief That the Priviledges of Parliament are not Violated but intended to be preserved with all due observance Concerning the Allegation That the Army raised by the Parliament is to murder the KING oft alledged by the King and his Party in many printed PROCLAMATIONS Declarations before and after this here mentioned We hoped the Contrivers of that Declaration or any that professed but the name of a Christian could not have so little charity as to raise such a SCANDAL especially when they must needs know the Protestation taken by every Member of both Houses and Army Officers too whereby they promise in the presence of Almighty God TO DEFEND HIS MAJESTIES PERSON The Promise and Protestation made by the Members of both Houses upon the nomination of the Earl of Essex to be General and to live and die with him wherein is expressed THAT THIS ARMY WAS RAISED FOR DEFENCE OF THE KINGS PERSON Our oft earnest and most humble Address to his Majesty to leave that desperate and dangerous Army c. A request inconsistent with any purpose to offer the least violence to His Person which hath and ever shall be dear unto us And concerning the imputation laid to our Charge of Raising this Army to Alter the whole Frame of Government and Established Laws of the Land which the King and his party frequently objected in print we shall need give no other Answer but this That the Army Raised by the Parliament is to no other end but for the Preservation of his Majesties Person to Defend themselves the Laws of the Land and the true Protestant Religion After which they there and elswhere conclude And by this time we doubt not but every man doth plainly discern through

Ecclesiasticall Censures Excommunication Suspension Deprivation and Degradation CONTRARY TO THE LAWS of this kingdome Thirteenth He did by his own authority and power contrary to Law procure sundry of his Majesties Subjects and enforced the Clergy of this Kingdome to contribute towards the maintenance of the War against the Scots That to preserve himself from being questioned for these other his Traiterous courses he hath laboured to subvert the Rights of Parliament and the ancient course of Parliamentary proceedings and have not the Army Officers and others actually done it since upon the same accompt and by false and malicious slanders to incense his Majesty against Parliaments All which being proved against him at his Triall were after solemn Argument by Mr. Samuel Brown in behalf of the Commons House proved and soon after adjudged to be High Treason at the Common Law by both Houses of Parliament and so declared in the Ordinance for his Attainder for which he was condemned and beheaded as a Traitor against the King Law and Kingdom on Tower Hill January 10. 1644. 11. In the same Parliament December 21. Jan. 14. Febr. 11. 1640. and July 6. 1641. Sir John Finch then Lord Keeper Chief Justice Bramston Judge Berkley Judge Crawly Chief Baron Davenport Baron Weston and Baron Trevour were accused and impeached by the House of Commons by several Articles transmitted to the Lords OF HIGH TREASON for that they had Traiterously and wickedly endeavoured to subvert the Fundamental Laws and established Government of the Realm of ENGLAND and instead thereof to introdâ—ce an Arbitrary and Tyrannical Government against Law which they had declared by traiterous and wicked words opinions judgements and more especially in this their extrajudiciall opinion subscribed by them in the case of Ship money viz. We are of opinion that when the good and safety of the Kingdome in generall is concerned and the whole Kingdome in danger your Majesty may by Writ under the Great Seal of England without consent in Parliament command all your Subjects of this your Kingdome at their charge to provide and furnish such a number of Ships with Men Victuall and Ammunition and for such time as your Majesty shall think fit for the Defence and safeguard of the Kingdome from such danger and perill And we are of Opinion that in such case your Majesty is the sole Judge both of the danger and when and how the sume is to be prevented and avoided And likewise for arguing and giving judgment accordingly in Mr. John Hampdens case in the Exchequer Chamber in the point of Ship money in April 1638 which said opinions are Destructive to the Fundamental Laws of the Realm the Subjects Right of Property and contrary to former Resolutions in Parliament and the Petition of Right as the words of their severall Impeachments run Sir John Finâ—h fled the Realm to preserve his head on his shoulders some others of them died through fear to prevent the danger soon after their Impeachments and the rest who were lesse peccant were put to Fines 12. Mr. John Pym in his Declaration upon the whole matter of the charge of High Treason against Thomas Earl of Strafford Aprill 12. 1641. before a Committee of both Houses of Parliament in Westminster Hall printed and published by Order of the House of Commons proves his endeavour to subvert the Fundamental Laws of England and to introduce an Arbitrary Power to be High Treason and an offence very hainous in the nature and mischievous in the effects thereof which saith he will best appear if it be examined by that universall and supream Law Saluâ— Populi the element of all Laws out of which they are derived the end of all Laws to which they are designed and in which they are perfected 1. It is an offence comprehending all other Offences Here you shall finde several Treasons Murthers Rapines Oppressions Perjuries There is in this Crime a Seminary of all evils hurtfull to a State and if you consider the Reasons of it it must needs be so The Law is that which puts a difference betwixt good and evill betwixt just and unjust If you take away the law all things will fall into confusion every man will become a law to himself which in the depraved condition of humane nature must needs produce many great enormities Lust will become a Law and Envy will become a law Covetousnesse and Ambition will become laws and what Dictates what decisions such laws will produce may easily be discerned in the late Government of Ireland and England too since this The law hath a power to prevent to restrain to repair evils without this all kindes of mischiefs and distempers will break in upon a State It is the Law that intitles the King to the Allegiance and Service of his people it intitles the People to the Protection and Justice of the King c. The Law is the Boundary the measure betwixt the Kings Prerogative and the Peoples Liberties whiles these move in their Orbe they are a support and security to one another but if these Bounds be so removed that they enter into contestation and conflict one of these great mischiefs must needs ensue if the Prerogative of the King overwhelm the Liberty of the people it will be turned into Tyranny If Liberty undermine the Prerogative it will turn into Anarchy The Law is the safegard the custody of all private interests your Honours your Lives your Liberties and your estates are all in the keeping of the Law without this every man hath a like Right to any thing and this is the condition into which the Irish were brought by the Earl of Strafford and the English by others who condemned him And the reason which he gave for it hath more mischief than the thing it self THEY ARE A CONQUERED NATION let those who now say the same of England as well as Scotland and Ireland consider and observe what followes There cannot be a word more pregnant and fruitfull IN TREASON than that word is There are few Nations in the world that have not been conquered and no doubt but the conquerour may give what Laws he please to those that are conquered But if the succeeding Parts and Agreements do not limit and restrain that right what people can be secure England hath been conquered and Wales hath been conquered and by this reason will be in little better case than Ireland If the King by the Right of a Conquerour give Lawes to his people shall not the people by the same reason be restored to the Right of the conquered to recover their Liberty if they can What can be more hurtful more pernicious than such Propositions as these 2. It is dangerous to the Kings Person and dangerous to his Crown it is apt to cherish ambition usurpation and oppression in great men and to beget sedition discontent in the people and both these have been and in reason must ever be great causes of trouble

the Realm as the Arteries Nerves Veines are in and to the natural Body the Bark to the Tree the Foundation to the House and therefore the cutting of them a sunder or their Subversion must of necessity kill destroy disjoyn and ruine the whole Realm at once Wherefore it must be Treason in the highest degree But I shall onely subjoyn here some materiall Passages in Master St. Johns Argument at Law concerning the Attainder of High Treason of Thomas Earle of Strafford before a Committee of both Houses of Parliament in Westminster Hall Aprill 29. 1641. soon after Printed and published by Order of the Commons House Wherein p. 8. he lays down this Position recited again p. 64. That Straffords endeavouring To subvert the Fundamentall Lawes and Government of England and Ireland and instead therefore to introduce a Tyrannicall Government against Law is Treason by the Common Law That Treasons at the Common Law are not taken away by the statutes of 25. E. 3. 1 H. 4. c. 10. 1 Mar. c. 1. nor any of them The Authorities Judgements in and out of Parliament which he cites to prove it have been already mentioned some others he omitted I shall therefore but transcribe his Reasons to evince it to be Treason superadded to those alledged by him against the Ship mony Judges Page 12. It is a War against the King Let our Military Officers and Souldiers consider it when intended For alteration of the Laws or Government in any part of them This is a levying War against the King and so Treason within the Statute of 25. E. 3. 1. Because the King doth maintain and protect the Laws in every part of them 2. Because they are the Kings Laws He is the Fountain from whence in their severall Channels they are derived to the Subject Whence all our indictments run thus Trespasses laid to be done Contra pacem Domini Regis c. against the Kings peace for exorbitant offences though not intended against the Kings Person against the King his Crown and Dignity Page 64. In this I shall not labour at all to prove That the endeavouring by words Counsels and actions To subvert the Fundamental Laws and Government of the Kingdome is Treason at the Common Law If there be any Common Law Treasons at all left NOTHING TREASON IF THIS IS NOT TO MAKE A KINGDOME NO KINGDOME Take the Policy and Government away Englands but a piece of earth wherein so many men have their commerce and abode without rank or distinction of men without property in any thing further than in possession no Law to punish the murdering or robbing one another Page 70 71 72. The horridnesse of the offence in endeavouring to overthrow the Laws and present Government hath been fully opened before The Parliament is the representation of the whole Kingdome wherein the King as Head your Lordships as the more Noble and the Commons the other Members are knit together in one body Politique This dissolves the Arteries and Ligaments that hold the body together THE LAWS He that takes away the Laws takes not away the Allegiance of one Subject only but of the whole Kingdome It was made Treason by the Statute of 13 Eliz. for her time to affirm That the Law of the Realm do not binde the descent of the Crown No Law no descent at all NO LAWS NO PEERAGE no ranks nor degrees of men the same condition to all It s Treason to kill a Judge upon the Bench this kills not Judicem sed Judicium There be twelve men but no Law never a Judge amongst them It s Felony to embezell any one of the Judiciall Records of the Kingdome THIS AT ONCE SWEEPS THEM ALL AWAY and FROM ALL. It s Teason to counterfeit a Twenty shilling peice Here 's a counterfeiting of the Law we can call neither the counterfeit nor the true Coyn our own It s Treason to counterfeit the great Seal for an Acre of Land No property is left hereby to any Land at all NOTHING TREASON NOW AGAINST KING OR KINGDOME NO LAW TO PVNISH IT My Lords If the question were asked in Westminster Hall whether this were a Crime punishable in the Star Chamber or in THE KINGS BENCH by Fine or Imprisonment They would say It were higher If whether Felony They would say That is an Offence onely against the Life or Goods of some one or few persons It would I believe be answered by the JVDGES as it was by the Chief Justice Thirning in the 21 R. 2. That though he could not judge the Case TREASON there before him yet if he were a Peer in Parliament HE WOULD SO ADJUDGE IT And so the Peers did here in Straffords and not long after in Canterburies case who both lost their Heads on Tower-Hill I have transcribed these Passâ—ges of Mr. Oliver S. John at large for five Reasons 1. Because they were the Voice and Sence of the whole House of Commons by his mouth who afterwards owned and ratified them by their special Order for their publication in Print for information and satisfaction of the whole Nation and terrour of all others who should after that either secretly or openly by fraud or force directly or indirectly attempt the subversion of all or any of our Fundamental Laws or Liberties or the alteration of our Fundamental Government or setting up any Arbitrary or Tyrannical Power Taxes Impositions or new kinds of arbitrary Judicatories and imprisonments against these our Laws and Liberties 2. To minde and inform all such who have not onely equalled but transcended Strafford and Canterbury in these their HIGH TREASONS even since these PUBLICATIONS SPEECHES and their EXEMPLARY EXECUTIONS of the hainousnesse in excusablenesse wilfulnesse maliciousnesse Capitalnesse of their Crimes which not onely the whole Parliament in generality but many of themselves in particular so severely prosecuted condemned and inexorably punished of late years in them that so they may sadly consider bewail repent reform them with all speed and diligence as much as in them lies And with all I shall exhort them seriously to consider that Gospel terrifying passage if they have not quite sinned away all Conscience Shame Christianity Religion and Fear of the last Judge and Judgement to come Rom. 2. 1 2 3. Therefore thou art inexcusable O man whosoever thou art that judgest for wherein thou judgest another thou CONDEMNEST THY SELF FOR THOV THAT JUDGEST DOEST THOV THE SAME THING But we are sure that the Judgment of God is according to truth against them who commit such things And thinkest thou this O man that judgest them which do such things and doest the same that thou shalt escape the Judgment of God 3. To excite all Lawyers especially such who of late times have taken upon them the stile power of Judges to examine their Consciences Actions how far all or any of them have been guilty in the highest degree of these Crimes and Treasons so highly aggravated so exemplarily punished of former and

peace upon grounds of Common Right 9. November 1647 viz. Resolved upon the Question That the matters contained in these Papers are destructive to the being of Parliaments and to the fundamental Government of this Kingdom Resolved c. That a Letter be sent to the General and those Papers inclosed together with the Vote of this House upon them And that he be desired to examine the proceedings of this business in the Army where it was first coyned and return an Accompt hereof to this House These Votes were seconded soon after with these ensuing Votes entred in the Commons Journal and printed by their special Order 23 Novemb. 1647. A Petition directed to the Supream Authority of England The Commons in Parliament assembled The humble Petition of many Free-born people of England c. was read the first and second time Resolved upon the Question That this Petition is A seditious and contemptuous avowing and prosecution of a former Petition and Paper annexed stiled An agreement of the People formerly adjudged by this House to be destructive to the being of Parliaments and Fundamental Government of the Kingdom Resolved c. That Thomas Prince Cheese-monger and Samuel Chidley bee forthwith committed Prisoners to the Prison of the Gate-house there to remain Prisoners during the pleasure of this House for a Seditious avowing and prosecution of a former Petition and Paper annexed stiled An Agreement of the people formerly adjudged by this House to be destructive to the being of Parliaments and fundamental Government of the Kingdom Resolved c. That Jeremy Ives Thomas Taylor and William Larnar bee forth-with committed to the Prison of Newgate there to remain Prisoners during the pleasure of this House for a seditious and contemptuous avowing and prosecution of a former Petition and Paper annexed stiled An Agreement of the People formerly adjudged by this House to be destructive to the being of Parliaments and fundamental Government of the Kingdom Resolved c. That a Letter be prepared and sent to the General taking notice of his proceeding in the execution according to the Rules of Warre of a Mutinous person avowing and prosecuting this Agreement in the Army contrary to these Votes at the Rendezvous near Ware and to give him thanks for it and to desire him to prosecute that Business to the bottome and to bring such guilty persons as he shall think fit to condign and exemplary punishment Resolved c. That the Votes upon the Petition and Agreement annexed and likewise the Votes upon this Petition be forth-with printed and published After which by a special Ordinance of both Houses of Parliament 17 Decemb. 1647. no person whatsoever who had contrived plotted prosecuted or entred into that Engagement intituled The Agreement of the people declared To bee destructive to the being of Parliaments and Fundamental Government of the Kingdom for one whole year was to be elected chosen or put into the Office or place of Lord Mayor or Alderman Sheriff Deputy of a Ward or Common Counselman of the City of London or to have a voyce in the Election of any such Officers All these particulars with the Capital proceedings against White and others who fomented this Agreement in the Army abundantly evidence the verity of my foresaid Proposition and the extraordinary guilt of those Members and Souldiers who contrary to their own Votes Ordinances Proceedings and Censures of others have since prosecuted this the like or far worse Agreement to the destruction of our ancient Parliaments and their Priviledges and of the fundamental Government Laws and Liberty of our Nation which I wish they would now sadly lay to heart with that saying of Augustine approved by all sorts of Divines and Casuists Non remittitur peccatum nisi restituatur ablatuâ—â— sciendum est Quod Restitutio est IN PRISTINUM STATUM POSITIO The third is the memorable Statutes of 3 Jacobi c. 1 2 4. 5. which relating the old Gunpowder Treason of the Jesuits and Papists and their infernal inhuman barbarous detestable plot to blow up the King Queen Prince Lords Commons and the whole House of Peers with Gunpowder when they should have been assembled in Parliament in the upper House of Parliament upon the fifth of November in the year of our Lord 1605. do aggravate the hainousness and transcendency thereof by this circumstance That it was as some of the principal Conspirators confessed purposely devised and concluded to be done in the said House That where sundry necessary and religious Laws for preservation of the Church and State were made which they falsly and slanderously termed Cruel Laws enacted against them and their Religion both Place and Persons should be all destroyed and blown up at once and by these dangerous Consequences if it had not been miraculously prevented but taken effect That it would have turned to the utter ruine overthrow and subversion of the whole State and Common-wealth of this flourishing and renowned Kingdom of Gods true Religion therein established by Law and of our Laws and Government For which horrid Treason they were all attainted and then executed as Traytors and some of their Heads Quarters set upon the Parliament House for terrour of others Even so let all other Traytors Conspirators against all Blowers up and subverters of our fundamental Laws Liberties Government Kings Parliaments and Religion treading presumptuously in their Jesuitical footsteps perish O Lord but let all them who cordially love and strenuously maintain them against all Conspirators Traytors Underminers Invaders whatsoever be as the Sun when hee goeth forth in his might That the Land may have rest peace settlement again for as many years at least as it had before our late Innovations Warres Confusions by their restitution and re-establishment CHAP. 2. HAving thus sufficiently proved That the Kingdom and Freemen of England have some antient Hereditary Rights Liberties Franchises Privileges Customs properly called FUNDAMENTAL as likewise a Fundamental Government no ways to bee altered undermined subverted directly or indirectly under the guilt and pain of High Treason in those who attempt it especially by fraud force or armed Power I shall in the second place present you in brief Propositions a Summary of the chiefest and most considerable of them which our prudent Ancestors in former Ages and our latest real Parliaments have both declared to be and eagerly contested for as fundamental and essential to their very being and well being as a Free People Kingdom Republick unwilling to be enslaved under any Yorkes of Tyranny or Arbitrary Power that so the whole Nation may the more perspicuously know and discern them the more strenuously contend for them the more vigilantly watch against their violations underminings in any kinde by any Powers or pretences whatsoever and transmit perpetuate them intirely to their Posterities as their best and chiefest inheritance I shall comprise the sum and substance of them all in these Ten Propositions beginning with the Subjects Property which hath been most

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