it was enacted by Parliament in the time of the Conqueror no man then living could tell how much that was so as it was referred to the King to rate how much he should pay which was the more strange considering but 100 years before 200000 Bezants were exacted by the Soldan for redeeming St. Lewis of France which were then valued at 100000 livres The name continues yet in the blazons of Arms where plates of gold are called Bezants and a great piece of gold valued at 15. l. which the King of England formerly offered on high festival days was called a Bizantine but afterward there were two purposely made for the King and Queen with the resemblance of the blessed Trinity inscribed In honorem sanctae Trinitatis and on the other side the picture of the Virgin Mary with In honorem sanctae Mariae Virginis and this was used til the first year of King James who caused two to be new cast the one for himself having on the one side the picture of a King kneeling before an Altar with four Crowns before him implying his four Kingdoms and in the circumscription Quid tribuam Domino pro omnibus quae tribuit mihi On the other side a Lamb lying by a Lyon with Cor contritum humiliatum non despiciet Deus And in another for the Queen a Crown protected by a Cherubin over that an eye and Deus in a cloud with Teget ala summus on the reverse a Queen kneeling before an Altar with this Circumscription Piis precibus fervente fide humili obsequio Cam. Rem The French Kings were also accustomed to offer 13 Besants at the Mass of their Coronation in Rheims to which end Hen. 2. after some discontinuance of that custom caused the same number of them to be made and called them Bysantins but they were not worth above a double Ducket the piece Cot. Black-rod Is the Huissier or Usher belonging to the order of the Garter So called of his black-rod which he carries in his hand he was of the Kings Chamber and Usher of the Lords House in Parliament Min. Blain Sax. Blegene a kind of Bile or Ulcer drawing quickly to a head with a vehement inflammation of the whole part about it Blancmanget Fr. a kind of Custard a white meat made of flower milk sugar and the brains of Pullets Bac. Blanch Fr. white or fair we use it in England for a womans name Blandishment from Blandio or from the Fr. Blandissement a soothing smoothing tickling of the mind and affection with terms of flattery an alluring enticing Blandiloquence blandiloquentia fair-speaking flattering Blatant babling twatling Clievland Blateron or Blatteroon blatero a babler an idle-headed fellow Mr. How Blatteration blateratio vain-babling flattering in speech Blaze is a certain fire which the Inhabitants of Staffordshire and some other Counties were wont and still do make on Twelf-Eve 5. Jan. at night in memory of the Blazing-Star that conducted the three Magi to the Manger at Bethlem Blazon Fr. is the description of armâ—s and their appurtenances by the received terms or other apt expressions of things by words Elements of Ar. Blemishe marks made by hunters to shew where a Deer hath gone Blend Sax. to mix or mingle together Blepharen blepharo onis he that hath great brows or eye-lids Blesiloquent blaesiloquus broad-spoken or that speaks stammeringly Blith Sax. joyful glad merry chearful Bliwmantle The name of an Office of one of the Poursuivants at Arms. See Harold To Blissome as the Ram doth the Ewe i. to Tup her So to go a blissoming is to desire the Ram. Rider Blomary the first Forge in an iron Mill through which the iron passeth after it is once melted out of the Mine Bloudwit from the Sax. blout i. blood and wit for which we have the word wite still in the west parts of England signifying a charging of one with a fault or an upbraiding This Bloodwit is a word used in Charters of Liberties antiently granted and signifies an amerciament for shedding blood So that whosoever had it given him in his Charter had the penalty due for shedding blood granted him Cow Fleta saith Significat quietantiam misericordia pro effusione sanguinis lib. 1. cap. 47. Boccone Ital. a morsel a good bit Sometimes taken for poison Bociant Sax. a possession an inheritance a Farm or house with land belonging to it Boethetic Gr. a part of Physick See Medicine Boillary or Bullary of Salt a little house or furnace where Salt is boiled and made as at Droitwich in Worcestershire Co. instit p. 4. b. Bole-Armoniack a kind of faint red colour used by Painters the chiefest use of it is in making a Size for burnished gold Peacham Bolus Lat. a morsel or mouthful In physick it is a medicament of a middle consistency betwixt a Potion and a Pill Bombard bombarda a Gun or peice of Ordnance Hence Bombardical thundering or roaring like a peece of Ordnance How Bombycinous bombycinus that is made of silk or silken Bombilation bombilatio a humming as of Bees Br. Bonaght was an exaction in Ireland imposed at the will of the Lord for relief of the Knights called Bonaghti that served in the Wars Antiq. Hiber p. 60. Bonair Fr. gentle mild courteous Bonairite Fr. gentleness mildeness courtesie Bonasus See Monops Bonaventure bonaventura good adventure the name of a great Saint and Doctor a Frier of St. Francis Order that lived and flourished in the thirteenth age after Christ Bonefire is well known in the modern use of it and was so called from the antient custom of burning dead mens bones Bone-minâ— Fr. a good countenance posture or shew Bongrace Fr. a certain cover which children use to wear on their Foreheads to keep them from sun-burning so called because it preserves their good grace and beauty Bonhemes Fr. i. good men a religious Order of Friers instituted by St. Francis de Paula a Town of Calabria in Italy a person of eminent sanctity and austerity of life and of that humility that he stiled himself the least or meanest of men and ordered the followers of his Institute or Rule to take the appellation of Minimi the least or unworthiest among men and thence they are commonly called Minims or Minorites One point of mortification whereunto the Regulars of that Order tie themselves by vow besides their three Vows of Chastity Poverty and Obedience is a total abstinence from flesh-meats It is an Order much reverenced in France where the Founder lived and died at Tours an 1507. There were two Convents of these formerly in England the one at Asbridge in Buckinghamshire the other at Edington in Wiltshire Bonifate bonifatus that hath good fortune or fate Boniface bonifacius wel-doer or good and sweet face A name of divers as well Popes of Rome as others Bon-jour Fr. good morrow or good-day Boon Sax. Beuâ— Chaucer Bonâ— a petition or request Bâ—ö◠Gr. a slow working Star in the North Pole near Charles wain which it follows Boras or
violate defloure or pollute Contemplatioâ— contemplatio beholding in mind deep musing study or meditation Contemplation in the accepted general notion of the word signifies a clear ready mental seeing and quiet regarding an object being the result and effect of a precedent diligent enquiry and search after the nature qualities and other circumstantial conditions of it Mr. Cressy Contemplative contemplativus that exercises or consists in contemplation or study Contemporiarism from con tempus the being at one and the same time coexistency Contemporaneous Contemporary Contemporal contemporarius that is of one and the same time or age Conterminate contermino to lye near or border on a place Conterraneous conterraneus that is of the same Country or Land Contesseâ—ation contesseratio a league between strangers Dr. Taylor Contest contestes a fellow witness or a witness examined in the same cause with another It is used among the Civilians at Doctors Commons Contestate contestor to bear or prove by witness to witness together Contexture contextura a weaving togetheâ— a composition the form and stile of a discourse a making fiâ— Contignation contignatio the raftering or rearing a house in Sollars Stories or Floors the boarding or planking a house Greg. Contiguity from contiguus a touching one another nearness the close being of two together Contiguous contiguus that toucheth or is next to very near Continency continentia a refaaining of ill desires or more strictly a refraining from all things delightful that hinder perfection Continent continens subst a great quantity of Land continued without division of Sea as the Low Countries to Germany that to Austria Austria to Hungary c. It is otherwise called Terra firma Contingent contingens which chanceth or hapneth Continuity continuitas a continuation wholeness intireness or intire conjunction Contorsion contorsio a wrestling or wreathing Continual Claim is a Claim made from time to time within every year and day to land or other thing which in some respect we cannot attain without danger For example if I be disseized of Land into which though I have right I dare not enter for fear of beating it behoves me to hold on my right of entry to the best opportunity of me and my Heirs by approaching as near it as I can once every year as long as I live and so I save the right of Entry to my Heirs Terms of Law Contorsion contorsio a writhing wresting or pulling away Contrabanded Goods prohibited goods that are forbidden to be imported by Proclamation from the Ital. Bando i. a Proclamation In the Act of Parl. 1649. c. 21. t is written Contrabanda goods Contramure Promurale an out-wall compassing the walls of the City and placed before them for the more safeguard Min. Contrasto Span. contrasta strife contention or opposition Contratation Spa. a Contract a Bargain A Contratation house is a house where Contracts or Bargains are made Contrectation contrectatio often touching handling or treating of Contravention from contravenio a coming against a speaking against one an accusing Contristate contristo to make sorry heavy or sad Contrite contritus worn or bruised but is most commonly used for penitent or sorrowful for misdeeds remorseful Contrition contritio bruisedness or wearing with use In Divinity it is a perfect sorrow and horror that a man hath for having committed sin and this for that he loves God with a soveraign and singular love Or Contrition saith an Author is when the foulness of sin is set off onely by conceiving the goodness of God without reflexion upon reward or pain Contrition says another Author is the bruising a sinners heart as it were to dust and powder through unfeigned and deep sorrow conceived at Gods displeasure for sin Contrucidate contrucido to wound to murder or kill Contumacy contumacia disobedience self-will stubbornness Contumelious contumeliosus reproachful in words spiteful disdainful Contumulate contumulo to bury or intomb together Conturd contundo to knock or beat in peeces to strike down And metaphorically to conquer or subdue Contusion contusio a beating pounding or bruising Convalesce convalesco to wax strong to recover health Convalescen convalescens that waxeth strong or recovers health Convalidate convalido to strengthen to confirm to recover health Convene convenio to come or assemble together to summon one to appear before a Judge Convent See Covent Conventional conventionalis that is done with agreement and consent of divers Conventicle conventiculum a little or private Assembly or Convention commonly for ill first attributed in disgrace to the Schools of Wicklif in this Nation above 200 years since Conventual from conventus belonging to a Covent or multitude resorting together as of religious persons Also a sort of Friers so called Convâ—ntual Church See Parish Convert See Pervert Convexity convexitas crookedness hollowness bending down on every side Convexity is the outside of an hollow body as Concavity the inside In a painted Globe of the world the descriptions are upon the convexity thereof and that face is convex the rest is belly or concave El. Armory Conviction convictio from convinco a proving guilty and is in our Common Law either when a man is outlawed and appears and confesses or else is found guilty by the Inquest Min. Convoke convoco to call or assemble together Conviviâ—l convivialis pertaining to Feasts or Banquets Convocation convocatio a calling or assembling together most commonly of Ecclesiastical persons for Church affairs A Synod and a Convocation seem to be all one before the Statute of Premunire 16. Ric. 2. ca. 5. it was constantly called a Synod afterwards it took up the name Convocation from the wordâ— convocari faciatis in the Kings Writ And since our Scotizing it is called an Assembly Convocation-House is that wherein the whole Clergy is assembled for consultation upon matters Ecclesiastical in time of Parliament and as the house of Parliament so this consisted of two distinct houses One called the higher Convocation-house where the Arch-Bishops Bishops c. sate severally by themselves the other the Lower Convocation house where all the rest of the Clergy were bestowed Cow See Prolocutor Convoy Fr. is most commonly taken for a company of Souldiers or Ships for the wafting or safe conducting of passengers Convulsion convulsio a drawing together a plucking or shrinking up of the sinews as in the Cramp or when the Mouth Nose Eye Lip or other part is turned awry out of its due place Coolisse Broth. See Cullis Co-operate coopero to labor or work together Co-optate coopto to elect or chuse Coparceners participos otherwise called Parceners in our Common Law are such as have equal portion in the Inheritance of their Ancestor Parceners are either by Law or Custom Parceners by Law are the issue female which in case of no Heir male come in equality to the Lands of their Ancestors Bract. l. 2. c 30. Parceners by custom are those that by custom of the Country challenge equal part in such Lands As in Kent by Gavel-kind See Littleton l.
when it was suppressed by Clement the fifth These Templars first founded and built the Temples or Templars Inne in Fleetstreet which without controversie is the most antient of all the Inns of Court and though they were divided into three several Houses that is the Inner the Middle and the Outward Temple which last is now converted into Essex house yet were they at first all but one House in which these Knights lived in great honor and opulency about one hundred years For they had many Castles Lordships and Seignories belonging to them and their Order in many parts of England and the Master of this Order was a Baron of this Nation their Church yet standing was dedicated to the service of God by Heraclius Patriarck of Jerusalem An. Dom. 1185. After the suppression of these Templars their lands were by a general Council held at Vienna conferred on the other more antient and religous Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem called also Joannites and after Knights of Rhodes and lastly of Malta where they live at this day And this Cannon of the Council was confirmed to the Knights of Saint John residing here in England by Act of Parliament made 17. Ed. 2. In the reign of Edw. 3 after several noble persons had in this interval been tenants and occupants of the Temple Inns certain of the reverend antient Professors of the Laws obtained a very large or perpetual Lease of this Temple or of two parts thereof distinguished by the names of the Middle and Inner Temple from the said Joannites then residing in their goodly house called the Priory of St. John of Jerusalem near Smithfield to pay yearly ten pounds These Knights Templars bore for their Arms a Shield Argent charged with a Cross Gules and upon the Nombril of it a holy Lamb. And Mat. Paris saith on their common Seal was engraven a horse with two men riding on him But the Society of the Inner Temple have taken for their Ensign or Devise a Pegasus or flying Horse sable or gules upon a Shield Or. Over the door of the Temple Church was this inscription in antient characters remaining legible till April 1656. since which time the latter part of it is defaced ✚ Anno ab incarnatione domini MCLXXXV dedicata haec Ecclesia in honorem beatae Mariae à Domino Eraclio Dei gratiae Sanctae resurrectionis Ecclesiae Patriarcha quarto Idus Februarii qui eam annatim petentibus de injuncta sibi penitentia LX. dies indulsit Temporaneous temporaneus done suddenly at a certain time pertaining to time variable for the time Temporary temporarius in time at the hour appointed temporal temporeous Temporaities of Bishops were such revenues as had been given to their Sees by the Kings and other great Personages as they were Lords of the Parliament See Spiritualities of Bishops Temporize from tempus oris to observe agree with or apply himself to the time to seek to please the times to live as the times go also to linger or protract the time Temporizer he that doth so a time-server Temulency temulentia drunkenness Temulent Temulentine temulentus drunken cupshot Tenacies tenacia the stalks of apples Lustra Lud. Tenacious tenax acis that holds fast long and stedfast good and sure clammy glewish also hard to be moved stiff-necked Tenacity tenacitas fast-keeping sure holding niggardliness misery also constancy stedfastness Tend tendo to extend to stretch out to bend to incline to make towards to draw on Tendency tendentia an extending a stretching out a going forward a making toward Tenderlings the soft tops of a Deers horns when they are in blood any living things that are nesh and tender Tendons or Tendines Lat. tendones certain instruments of moving in the top of muscles made of sinews and ligatures and knitting them to the bones they are harder then sinews and not so hard as ligatures Thom. Tendrels from the Fr. tendron or Lat. tenendo little sprigs of vines or other plants wherewith they take hold to grow or stay themselves up also a kind of gristle Tenebres Fr. à tenebrae darkness obscurity also the Service or Mattins used in the Roman Church on Wednesday Thursday and Friday before Easter are call'd tenebrae and thence tenebrae-Wednesday Thursday c. as being begun with many lights and ending in darkness representing the night-time of our blessed Saviours apprehension in the Garden Gethsemani in which Office are lighted at the first on a triangular candlestick fifteen candles viz. as many as there are Psalms and Canticles in the Office and at the end of every Psalm one of the fifteen lights is extinguished till they are all put out so to shew the forsaken desolate state of our blessed Saviour in his passion all the light or comfort of his friends leaving him or being forced from him for a time and he left alone suh potestate tenebrarum under the power of darkness Tenebrosity tenebrositas great darkness or obscurity Tenebrous tenebrosus very close dark or obscure Tenerity teneritas softness tenderness Tenn◠a term used by Heralds signifying an orange or tawny colour Teno◠that part of a Post or Rafter which is put into a mortise hole to make it stand upright or bear it up Tenor Lat. a continual order form fashion trade state or race Also the content or substance of a matter The tenor part in musick is that which is next above the base The order in consort-vocal musick is thus 1. Base 2. Tenor. 3. Counter-tenor 4. Mean or Contra-alto 5. Treble or Alto. Tensile tensus stretched out bent strouting out Tent◠hath divers significations As first from tentorium it signifies a Pavillion or Tent for War commonly made of Sackcloth or such like 2. Tent which Chyrurgions put into a wound comes from tento to try because it tries how wide or deep the wound is 3. Jewellers call that Tent which they put under Table Diamonds when they set them in work and is made of Mastick and Turpentine 4. Tent or Tint wine is a kind of Alicant though not so good as pure Alicant and is a general name for all wines in Spain except white from the Span. vino tinto i. a deep red wine 5. Tent from tentum a mans privy member Tentative from tento the posing for the passing of Graduates a probation or examination of such as are to to take degree or that tries or examines Tenths decimae is that yearly portion of tribute which all Ecclesiastical Livings yield to the King An. 26. H. 8. cap. 3. The Levites paid them to their high Priests Numb 8. Hieron in Ezekiel It signifies also a tax levied of the temporalty Holinsh H. 2. fol. 111. Tentorian tentorianus belonging to a Tent or Pavillion Tenuate tenuo to make small thin or slender to make lean or feeble Tenuifolious thin or narrow leafed Br. Tenuious or Tenuous tenuis slender thin low lean poor sparing small of no estimation L. Bac. Tenuity tenuitas smalness poverty leanness thinness
place where mad people are kept or the Bed or Chamber whereon they fling and tumble themselves the Hospital so called without Bishopsgate was founded by Simon Fitz-Mary Sheriff of London An. 1246. Stow. Bethlemites an order of religious persons that wore a star with five raies on their backs and had a Covent in Cambridge but continued not long Mat. Paris in An. 1247. Beverage Fr. Beuvrage drink Bezants Fr. Bezans in Blazon they must ever be round whole and of metal See Bizantine Bezil That part of a Ring or Jewel in which the Stone or Signet is set is called the Collet and the upper part of the Collet which fastens and encompasseth the Stone is the Bezil Bibacity bibacitas great or couragious drinking or quaffing Bibliographer bibliographus a writer of Books a Scrivener Bibliotheque bibliotheca a Library or study of Books Bibliopolist bibliopola a Book-seller Bice a fine blew colour used by Painters There is also green Bice Bicolor Lat. of two colours party-coloured changeable Bicipital Bicipitous from biceps itis that hath two heads divided into two parts or two tops Bicornous bicornis that has two horns or corners forked divided into two Bid-ale is when an honest man decayed in his estate is set up again by the liberal benevolence and contribution of friends at a Feast to which those friends are bid or invited Most used in the West of England and in some Counties called a Help-ale Bidental Lat. a place where they used to sacrifice sheep where any place was blasted with lightning whatsoever is striken with lightning Also any instrument with two teeth a fork Biennial biennis of two years continuance two years old Bifarious bifarius that which may be spoken two ways Biformed biformis that hath two shapes forms or faces Biferous bifer that bears fruit twice a year Bifront bifrons which hath two foreheads Bifurcous bifurcus which hath two forks Bigamist bigamus he that hath married two wives of which sort Lamech was the first Bigamy bigamia the marriage of two wives It is used in our Common Law for an impediment to be a Clerk and makes a prisoner lose the benefit of the Clergy For the Canonists hold that he that has been twice married may not be a Clerk and they ground it upon these words of St. Paul 1 Tim. 3.2 Oportet ergo Episcopum irreprehensibilem esse unius uxoris virum And also him that hath married a widow they by interpretation take to have been twice married and both these they not onely exclude from Holy Orders but deny all priviledges of Clergy but this Law is abolished by Anno 1. Ed. 6. cap. 12. And to that may be added the Statute of 18 Eliz. cap. 7. which allows to all men that can read as Clarks though not within Orders the benefit of Clergy in case of Felony not especially excepted by some other Statute Cowel Bigat bigatus was a piece of Roman silver Coyn so called of Bigia a Chariot drawn with two horses stamped upon the one side and it was the same with Denarius Livie Bigot Fr. an hypocrite or one that seems much more holy then he is also a scrupulous or superstitious fellow Sir K. Digby's Treatise of Bodies Bilaws are Orders made in Court-Leets or Court-Barons by common Assent for the good of those that make them farther then the publick Law binds Coke Vol. 6. fol. 63. a. Kitchin fol. 45. 79. Bilboblade from Bilboa a City of Biscay in Spain where the best blades are made Bilinguis ex bis lingua double tongued deceitful In our Common-Law it is used for that Jury that passeth between an English-man and an Alien or Stranger whereof part must be English-men and part strangers Anno 28 Edw. 3. cap. 13. Biltous biliosus cholerick melancholy churlish angry Bilk is said to be an Arabick word and signifies nothing Cribbidge-players understand it best Billet Fr. a little Bill note or ticket stuck up upon a post or door and more commonly a stick of fire-wood well known in London Bimatical from bimatus pertaining to the age or space of two yeers Bimensal from bimensis pertaining to the space of two moneths Binarchy binarchia the joynt rule or equal Authority of two Princes in one Country Binarious binarius pertaining to two Binomial or Binomious binomius that hath 2 names Bipartite bipartitus divided into two parts Binne or Bin in the old Saxon signifyed a Manger we use the name now most commonly for a place to put bread or oats in Bipatent bipatens open on both sides Bisâ—statio the chief market place in Constantinople which is every day kept open in full sale except Friday onely which is their Sabbath Bipedal Bipedancous Bipedical bipedalis that is two foot long double-footed or that hath two feet Birlings little Sea-vessels so called used by the Islanders of Scotland Spotsw Bisexous from bis and sexus that is both male and female of two sexes or kinds Bisouâ— Fr. a fault at Tennis also a compound dish of boyld meat made of young Chickens Pigeons and other ingredients c. Bissected bis sectus cut or parted in two equal parts a term in Mathematicks Br. Bissextile bissextilis Leap year so called because the sixth Calends of March are in that year twice reckoned viz. on the four and twentieth and five and twentieth of February so that Leap year has one day more then other years Thirty days hath September April June and November February hath eight and twenty alone And all the rest have thirty and one But when of Leap-year cometh the time Then days hath February twenty and nine Bissextum sextae Martis tenuere calendae Posteriore die celebrantur festa Mathiae This Leap-year is observed every fourth year and was first devised by Julius Caesar to accommodate the year with the course of the Sun Bitume bitumen a kind of clay or slime naturally clammy like pitch growing in some Countries of Asia It was of old used in Physick the best is heavy bright and clear of purple colour and having a strong smel the black is accounted naught this Bitumen was used instead of Mortar at building the Tower of Babel as appears in Gen. 11. There is al a kind of Bitumen like a liquor flowing out of Mare Mortuum and out of some fountains in the Island Sicily which is used instead of oyle to burn in Lamps Bituminous bitumineus belonging to Bitumen Bituminâ—â—ch soldered or done with Bitumen Bizante or Besant a very antient coyn of Gold so called because it was coyned at Constantinople formerly called Bizantium This coyn is not now known but Dunstan Archbishop of Canterbury as it is in the Authentical Deed purchased Hendon in Middlesex of King Edgar to Westminster for 200 Bizantines of what value they were was utterly forgotten in the time of King Edw. 3. for whereas the Bishop of Norwich was condemned to pay a Bizantine of Gold to the Abbot of St. Edmondsbury for encroaching upon his liberty as
wound or superfluously into drink Rid. Diapase or Diapason Gr. a perfect concord of all in Musick An eighth See a further explanation of this in L. Bac. Nat. Hist fo 30. Diapente Gr. a concord in Musick called a fifth Diapridâ— or Diapred Fr. diapre diversified with flourishes or sundry figures whence we call Cloth that is so diversified Diaper Min. Diaphanity from diaphanum clearness transparency Vul. Er. Diaphanous diaphanus clear as chrystal transparent Diaphony diaphonia a divers sound a discord Diaphonist diaphonista he that makes divers sounds Diaphoretick diaphoreticus that dissolveth or sends forth humors Diaphragm diaphragma a long and round Muscle lying overthwart the lower part of the Breast separating the Heart and Lights from the Stomack and the vital parts from the natural the Midriff Diarrhoetick from diarrhoea that hath a Lask or loosness in the belly without inflammation Diaty diarium that contains the particular actions of every day a Journal Book or a book of remembrance See Annals Diatessaron Gr. of fours a concord in Musick called a Fourth whereof there are four in the Scale which compriseth fifteen strings Diatonick Musick diatonum keeps a mean temperature between Chromatic and Enharmoniac and may go for plain Song Diatrâ—be diatriba an auditory or place where disputations or exercises are held Dibble An instrument to set herbs in a Garden Dicacity dicacitas scoffing taunting or bourding much speaking Dication dicatio a vowing submitting promising or dedicating Dicearchy dicaearchia just government Dâ—cearâ—k dicaearchus a just Prince Diceology dicaeologia justification by or in talk Dichotomy dichotomia a dividing or cutting into two parts or a division made by two and two Dicker of Leather is ten Hides Dictamen Lat. a thing written by another mans instruction Dictate dicto to appoint or tell another what and how he shall write which is also used substantively as Dictates or Lessons which the Master indites for the Schollars to write Dictator Lat. he that indites a thing to be written Also a chief Ruler among the antient Romans from whom no Appeal was granted and for half a year had a Kings power never chosen but when the Commonwealth was in some great danger or trouble and at half years end under pain of Treason yeelded up his Office So named either because he onely said the word and it was done or because he was Dictus nominated onely by one of the Consuls and not otherwise chosen Dictitatâ— dictito to speak or tell often or in divers places to plead Felth. Dictature dictatura a pronouncing a thing to be written The Dictatorship Dâ—dascalick from didascalus pertaining to a Mâ—ster or Teacher Didram didrachmum an antient coyn consisting of two drams of our money it values 15 d. It is used for Tribute money Matth. 17.24 Didymus from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. geminus the name of St. Thomas one of the Apostles and signifies a Twin He was called Didymus for being a twin born with some other or for some such cause Tr. of Mass Diennial diennis of or pertaining to two years Diet diaeta in Germany it is the same thing as a Parliament in England a great Assembly or Council of the States and Princes of the Empire Dieretick from Diaeresis pertaining to a division or the figure Diaeresis whereby one syllable is divided into two parts as Evoluisse for Evolvisse Bac. Dietary that treateth of or pertaineth to Diet. Dietetical diaeteticus pertaining to moderate diet such as Physitians prescribe Dietical dieticus keeping from day to day regular Dieu et moâ— droâ—t Fr. God and my Right The Motto of the Kings Arms first used as some affirm by Henry the Eighth Diffarreation diffarreatio a sacrifice done between a man and his wife at Divorcement As Confarreation was at the marriage Rider Diffibulate diffibulo to unbutton open or ungird Difficacity difficacitas hardness or difficulty Difficilitate from difficilitas to make difficult or hard Diffident diffidens distrustful desperate doubtful Diffluence diffluentia a loosness a flowing forth or abroad Diffusion diffusio a scattering abroad a spilling or spreading Digamist or Digamite digamus or digama a man that hath two wives together or a woman that has two Husbands Also one that marries after his first Wives death or divorce Digested digestus disposed ordered divided The Digests digestus a volume of the Civil Law so called because the legal precepts therein are so excellently ordered disposed and digested A Digestive in Chyrurgerie is taken for that which prepares the matter to mundification or cleansing Digit Fr. digitte a Character which expresseth a figure in Arithmetick as V. the figure of five an X. ten c. Digitation digitatio the form of the fingers of both hands joyned together or the manner of their so joyning Cotgr. Digital digitalis pertaining to a finger or fingers breadth To Digite to point with the finger Felth. Digladiation digladiatio a debate a fight a strife Dignorate dignoro to mark as men do beasts to know them Dignosce dignosco to discern to know by divers parts Scotch Papers Digression digressio a departing a changing of purpose a straying from the matter a swerving from Dijudicate dijudico to judge between two to determine Dike-grabe An Officer in the Low Countries who hath the over-sight and command ot the Dikes and Banks that preserve the Country from the inundation of the Sea Dickins a corruption of Devilkins i. little Devils as 't is usually said the Dickins take you Dilacerate dilacero to tear or rend in pieces Dilariate dilanio the same with Dilacerate Dilapidate dilapido to rid a place of stones to consume and spend wastfully Dilatable from dilato that may be enlarged or made bigger extendable Dilatation dilatatio an inlarging or making bigger To Dilate dilato to extend or inlarge to delay Dilatatory from dilato an inlarger an instrument wherewith Chyrurgeons open those parts that by sickness or other accidents are too much closed Dilatory dilatorius that delays or prolongs time Dilection dilectio love or charity Dilemma Gr. a kind of Argument called by Logicians Cornutum Argumentum which convinceth ones adversary both ways as in saying If he be a good man why do you speak evil of him If naught why do you keep him company There is a Tradition of a Dilemma that Bishop Morton Chancellor to H. 7. used to raise up the Benevolence to higher rates and some called it his Fork and some his Croteâ— for he had concluded an Article in the Instructions to the Commissioners who were to leavy the Benevolence That if they met with any that were sparing they should tell them they must needs have because they laid up And if they were spenders they must needs have because it was seen in their port and manner of living I. Bac. Hen. 7. p. 101. Dilling proculus a child born when the Father is old or the last Child that Parents have in some places called a Swil-pâ—ugh Dilogy dilogia a doubtful
speech which may signifie or be construed two ways Diloricate dilorico to undoe cut or rip a coat that is sewed Dilucid dilucidus clear light manifest easie to be discerned Dilucidate dilucido to declare or make plain Dilution dilutio a washing or clensing a purging or clearing Diluvial diluvialis of or belonging to the Deluge or great Flood Dimension dimensio a measuring or compassing Dimetient dimetiens measuring Dimication dimicatio battel fight contention Dimidiate dimidio to divide into halves or two parts Diminution diminutio a diminishing abating or lessening Diminutive diminutivum that which is diminished or made less or the lesser of that whereof there is a bigger As Libellus a little book and Foemella a little woman are the diminutives of Liber and Foemina So is Rivolet of a River Dinarchy Gr. the joynt Rule or Government of two Princes Dioces dioecesis is a Greek word compounded of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and signifies with us the Circuit of every Bishops Jurisdiction For this Nation hath two sorts of divisions one into Shires or Counties in respect of temporal policy another into Diocesses in respect of jurisdiction Ecclesiastical Cow Diocesa dioecesanus he that hath the Jurisdiction of a Diocess or he that inhabites within a Diocess Diogenes a Philosopher who for his dogged disposition was Sir-named the Cynick Hence it is that we call this or that man who is of a churlish or harsh disposition a Diogenes Dionymal dionymus that hath two names Dioptick Art dioptice the Perspective Art or that part of Astronomy which by Quadrants and hollow instruments pierces the heavens and measures the distance length bigness and breadth of the Coelestial bodies Min. Dioptrical pertaining to Dioptra which is a measure to weigh water a Quadrat or Geometrical Instrument wherewith the distance and height of a place is known afar off by looking through certain little holes therein The looking-hole or sight of any instrument Dr. Charl. Diple a note or mark in the Margent to signifie that there is somewhat to be amended Rider Dipondiary dipondiarius that is of two pound weight Dipsades dipsas adis a kind of Snakes whose biting consuming the humors of mans body causeth a mortal thirst in the party bitten Diphthong diphthongus two vowels contracted into one body or form whereof in the Latin tongue there are five ae au oe eu ei Diptote diptoton a Noun that hath but two Cases Diptyck diptychus having two leaves when it is opened any thing like two leaves Dire dirus cruel terrible vigorous Dirge a corruption from the Latin word dirige signifies the office of the dead used to be said by Roman Catholicks for the souls in Purgatory and is so called from the first word of the first Antiphon of the office which is Dirige Directory from the Lat. Dirigo is the name of a book introduced by the late long Parliament in the stead of the Common Prayer Book which was voted down on the 26 of November 1644. and is called a Directory because it directs the Ministers and people in a different way of praying preaching and administring the Sacraments Direption direptio a robbing spoiling or ransacking of places and persons for goods and riches and taking it away properly in the winning a place by assault when all things lye open to the lust of the Conqueror See Repudiate A Diribitory diribitorium a place wherein Souldiers are numbered mustered and receive their pay a place where the Romans gave their voyces Dirity diritas cruelty terribleness Diruption diruptio a bursting ot breaking a sunder Dirutor Lat. he that destroys or pulls down Dis a preposition used only in composition sometimes it is a note of privation sometimes of diversity sometimes of separation and sometimes Dis joyned with another word keeps still the same signification with the simple word Discalceate discalceo to pull off ones shoos Disceptation disceptatio disputation debating or arguing Disceptator Lat. a Judge Arbiter or Days-man Also he that argues or disputes Discerption discerptio a renting in sunder Discession discessio a departing a leaving or going away Discind discindo to cut off or in pieces to separate How Discinct discinctus ungirded dissolute negligent Disciplinable disciplinabilis that is capable of learning or instruction Disclusion disclusio a shutting out a separation Discomfiture from the Fr. disconfiture a defeature overthrow or vanquishing To Discolor discoloro to make of divers colours Also to take away or fade the colour Discontinuity discontinuance a dis-joyning or separation Discordant discordans disagreeing out of tune Discrepant discrepans differing jarring disagreeing repugnant unto Discrâ—ed discretus severed parted discerned Discriminate discrimino to divide or put a difference betwixt Discubation discubatio a lying down to sleep Discumbence from discumbo a sitting upon a bed a lying down to sleep a sitting down at Table Discurrent discurrens that wanders or runs hither and thither Discusion discussio a strict examining of a matter Also a striking or dashing into divers parts Disembogue from the Spanish Des embocar to cast out of the mouth to vomit Among Seamen it signifies to come out of the mouth of any gulph through a streight Disgregate disgrego to set apart to sever Disertitude disertitudo eloquence Disimbellish from the Fr. desembeller to disfigure or impair the beauty of Dis-jugate dis-jugo to disjoyn part or sever Disjunctive dijunctivus that disjoyns or separates Dislocate disloco to remove out of his due place to put out of joynt to displace Disme Fr. a Tithe or tenth of Dispand dispando to stretch out or spread abroad Disparates disparata seperate things divers unlike It is also a term of Logick applied to such things as have no connexion Disparility disparilitas inequality unlikeness difference Disparition disapparitio a disappearing or vanishing Dispensaror Lat. a Steward or Officer that lays out money for a houshold a dispencer or disposer A Dispensatory a book that teacheth how to make all Physical compositions Dismes decimae Tythe or the tenth part of all the fruits either of the earth or beasts or our labor due to God and consequently to him that is of the Lords lot and hath his share viz. our Pastor It signifies also the tenths of all spiritual Livings yearly given to the Prince called a perpetual Disme A. 2. and 3. Ed. 6. ca. 35. which in antient times were paid to the Pope till Pope Vrban gave them to Richard the second to aid him against Charls the French King and those other that upheld Clement the seventh against him Pol. Virg. l. 20. Lastly It signifies a tribute levied of the temporality Holinshed fol. 111. Dispauper is a word most used in the Court of Chancery as when one is admitted to sue in forma pauperis if that priviledge be taken from him he is said to be Dispaupered Disperpelled a term in Heraldy when any thing of soft substance doth by falling from high shoot it self out into divers corners or
as you may read in Sir Tho. Smith de Republ. Angl. l. 2. c. 1 2. In France those high Courts of Justice where mens causes and differences are publickly determined without further Appeal whereof there be eight in eight capital Cities viz. Paris Grenoble Tholose Dyon Roven Aix Rhemes and Bourdeaux are called Sedentary Parliaments and their Assembly of States General is onely equivalent to our Parliament Parmaceti an excellent ointment so called either from Parma a City of Italy or from Sperma ceti the seed of the Whale a principal ingredient Parmesan a kind of excellent Cheese made at or near Parma in Italy and therefore so called It is also sometime taken for an inhabitant of that Country Parnassian of or belonging to Parnassus a Mountain in Greece sacred to Apollo and the Muses Parochial parochialis of or pertaining to a Parish Parole Fr. a word a term also a speech or saying Lease Parol that is Lease per Parol a Lease by word of mouth not written It is also a term of War when a prisoner is permitted to go at liberty for procuring another Soldier prisoner with the enemy to be exchanged for him or for raising such a ransom by a day agreed on or upon any other occasion or agreement and in default the prisoner gives his Parole i. his word to return during which time we say the prisoner is upon his Parole Paronymous Gr. pertaining to words or terms that have denomination from the same thing but differ in case or termination Paroxysm paroxysmus the first coming or the coming again of an ague the fit or sharp assault of it Parricide see Paricide Parsimony parsimonia thriftiness good-husbandry brevity or sparingness in the use of words Parsimonious sparing frugal thrifty Partage Fr. Partition or parting a sharing or dividing Parthenian parthenius belonging to virginity or to a Maid Parthian belonging to Parthia a Country in Assyria Partiary partiarius a partaker a follower a copartner It may also be used adjectively for partial or that hath respect to persons Hence To Partialize to side bandy be partial or factious to take parts Participate participo to give or take part to be partaker or of counsel Particle particula a small part a parcel a portion a member Participle participium a part of speech among Grammarians so called because it participates both of the Noun and Verb any thing that partakes of another Partion partio à pario a birth a breeding a lying in a laying of Eggs a sitting on brood Partitor Lat. a divider a parter a sharer out a distributer Partisan Fr. a partner partaker accessory confederate or adherent Also Partisan from the Germ. Parthisan or Fr. Pertuisáne a Leading staff a weapon like an Halberd a Javelin Parturient parturiens the travelling or being in labor with childe or young Parvity parvitas smalness littleness slenderness under-age non-age Pas a pas Fr. by little and little by line and leasure by degrees Poco à Poco as the Spaniard says or Pian piano as the Italian Pascage Fr. grazing feeding or pasturing of Cattle Pascal pascalis feeding here and there abroad belonging to pasture Pasche pascha a Passover the Feast of Easter so named of â—oster a Goddess of the old Saxons whose Feast they kept in April Cam. To find out Easter Post Martis nonas ubi sit nova Luna requiras Et cum transierit bis septima Pascha patebit Or thus Inde dies Solis tertia Pascha venit The Jewish Passover was a holy action ordained of God in the killing and eating a Lamb partly to the end the Jewish Church might keep in memory the benefit which God did for them in passing over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt and smiting them not Exod. 12.11 Also to be a Type of Christ the true Paschal Lamb. See Moses and Aaron p. 103. Verstegan says Easter was by the old Saxons called Oster and at this present in Saxony Ostern which comes from Oster-monat their and our old name of April Paschal paschalis of or belonging to the Passover or Easter Pascuous pascuus serving for pasture or for feeding or grazing of Beasts Pasquil or Pasquin from the Italian Pasquino a Libel clapt on a Post or Image so called from Pasquil or Pasquin an old Statue or Image in Rome whereon Libels Detractions and Satyrical Invectives are fixed and on him fathered as their Author There is also in Rome another old Statue called Morforeo whereon they affix answers to those Pasquils Passade Fr. an alms benevolence or entertainment given by or to a Passenger The manage of a Horse backward and forward Passant Fr. passing going it is a term in Heraldry as when we say a Lyon passant that is a Lyon drawn as if he were going or passing along Pase-port Fr. q. passe par tout a Pass or safe-conduct See Safe-conduct Passibility passibilitas suffering or ableness to suffer Passâ—e passus à patior which hath suffered endured sustained Passover See Pasche Pastern talus the ankle or huckle-bone of a Beasts foot Pastilicate pastilico to make in form of little round Balls to minister Pills Pastinate pastino to delve or dig in a garden Pastoral Pastoritions pastoralis belonging to a Shepherd or Pastor Shepherdly Rural A Pastoral pastorale carmen a song of Herdsmen or Shepherds Pasturable which may be turned into or put unto pasture which may be fed on Pasvolant Fr. Passe volant the Artillery called a Base but most commonly a hireling whom a Captain on muster-days foisteth into his company and generally any such Skipjack or base-fellow Patart a Low Country coyn worth a Sol tournois or the Stiver five wherof amount to six pence sterling Patavinity patavinitas the property of or relation to the City Padua Livy was censured by Asinius for Patavinity in his writings by which was meant that he had too much used the phrases or affectations of Padua and neglected those of Rome or as others will have it that the flourishing verdure or overflowing of his stile was in some sort agreeable to the fertility and redundancy of the soyl of that City and Country Patefaction patefactio a declaring discovering or making manifest an opening a Declaration Patelin Fr. a Cogger Colloquer flatterer soother cousener pratler Paten from the Fr. Patin Br. Pattyr or rather from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. calco because t is always trod upon a kinde of Wooden-shoo with an iron bottom well known see Patin Patent patens open discovered or uncovered appearing manifest Letters Patents Litterae patentes Writings sealed with the Broad Seal of England whereby a man is authorised to do or enjoy any thing that otherwise of himself he could not Anno 19. Hen. 7. cap. 7. And so termed because they are Patentes viz. open with the Seal hanging ready to be shewed for confirmation of the Authority given by them The Kings Letters Patents are called Letters Patents Royal for difference because common persons may grant Patents or
one recovers again that was lost in war or taken from him by any unlawful means Postliminious from Postliminium pertaining to Postliminiage Postmeridian postmeridianus done in the afternoon Postnate postnatus born after taken substantively it may be the same with Posthume Postpone or Postpose postpono to set behinde to esteem less to omit or leave Postposure from postpono a setting behinde or esteeming less Mr. Montagu Postriduan postriduanus done the next day after or following Poâ—vene posâ—venio to come or follow after Postulate postulatum a request demand or suit Postulâ—toâ— postulatorius of or belonging to a request or demand Potable potabilis drinkable or which may be drunk Poteâ—als from potentia things apt to breed or give power strength or ability Potentially potenter powerfully mightily substantially effectually Potâ—states potestates men in authority Rulers great Magistrates Potorious potorius of or belonging to drink drinking Potulent potulentus any thing that may be drunk also half drunk Pouldabis Oulderness Medrinacles the course Canvas wherewith Taylors stiffen Dublets or whereof Sails of ships are made An. 1. Jac. 24. Poundage is a Subsidy granted to the King of all manner of Merchandizes of every Merchant Denizen and Alien carried out or brought into this Realm by way of Merchandise to the value of twelve pence in every pound An. 12. Ed. 6.13 An. 31. Eliz. cap. 5. and 1 Jac. 33. Pourcoutrel See Polypus Pourmenade Fr. a Walk Poursuivant Fr. a pursuer suitor or follower but more particularly a Messenger attending the King in Wars or the Council Table Exchequer c. to be sent upon any occasion or message Those that are used in Marshal causes are called Pursuivants at Arms. Anno 24. H. 8. cap. 13. whereof there are four of special names which see in Herald And Stow speaking of Richard the Thirds end p. 784. hath these words For his body was naked to the skin not so much as one clout about him and was trussed behinde a Pursuivant at Arms like an Hog or Calf c. The rest are used upon other Messuages in time of Peace especially in matters touching Jurisdiction Also a sort of mean persons that procure Commissions to prosecute the Romanists on the account of Religion Pourpresture from the Fr. Pourpris i. a close or enclosure is thus defined in Glanvile lib. 9. cap. 11. Pourprestura est propriè quando aliquid super Dominum Regem injustè occupatur c. Cromp. in his Jurisd fol. 152. defines it thus Pourpresture is properly when a man takes to himself or incroaches any thing that he ought not whether it be in any jurisdiction Land or Franchise and generally when any thing is done to the Nusance of the Kings Tenant c. Pourtrait pourtractus an Image Picture counterfeit or draught of Pourtraiture Fr. Portraicture a drawing or deliniating Powers the third order of the second Hierarchy of Angels so called by reason of their peculiar Jurisdiction over Fiends and all infernal spirits See Hierarchy Poynings Law is an Act of Parliament made in Ireland 10 Hen. 7. and was so called because Sir Edw. Poynings was Lieutenant of Ireland when that Law was made whereby all the Statutes of England were made of force in Ireland For before they were not neither are any now in force in Ireland which were made in England since that time Cokes 12 Rep. fol. 109. Practick Gr. pertaining to the practise or actual exercise of any Art or Science Pragmatical pragmaticus that is expert in doing things practised in the Law and in many matters Pragmatic Span. Pragmatica a Proclamation or Edict sometimes used for a kind of agreement or paction between a secular Prince and the Pope or some other Bishop c. Prandicle prandiculum a Breakfast a little Dinner a small pittance or repast Pransorious pransorius belonging to or serving for dinner Pratique from the Span. practica practise or a thing done by practise but among Merchants it is a Licence to Traffick as in the Ports of Italy and the Streights if the Mr. of the ship brings a Bill of Health that is a Certificate that the place from whence he came is not infected with any contagious disease then the Chief Magistrate or Signors of Health grant him Pratique that is leave to come in and Traffick Sands Pratical from the Span. done by practise or experience Pravity pravitas crookedness overthwartness lewdness naughtiness Prebend from praebeo to give is the portion which every member or Canon of a Cathedral Church receives in right of his place for his maintenance Prebendary praebendarius he that hath such a Prebend and is called so a Praebendo auxilium consilium Episcopo for to that end were Prebends ordained in Cathedral Churches that the Prebendaries thereof should be assistants and of Council to the Bishop in his Episcopal Function Pre Lat. prae a Preposition signifying before or in comparison often compounded Prebition praebitio a giving a shewing an offering a setting before one Precaution praecautio a preventing a thing before it comes a fore-seeing Precention praecentio a singing before the on-set or flourish of a Song Precarious praecarius granted to one by prayer and intreaty to use so long as it pleaseth the party and no longer Precedential from praecedens that goes before or surpasseth that gives a precedent or shews the way Precellâ—cy from praecello an exceeding surpassing excellency Bac. Precenâ—or Lat. the chanter he that beginneth the Tune It is used in an Act of Parliament of 31 July 1649. Preceptivâ— praeceptivus of or belonging to precepts Preceptor praeceptor a Master a Teacher an Instructer Precidaneous praecidaneus that which goes before or is cut or killed before Precinct praecinctus is used for a Territory or certain parcel of Land encompassed with some River Hedge or other mark to distinguish it from other lands adjacent Prâ—cipice praecipitium a steep place dangerous to go upon a downright pitch or fall Precipitate praecipito to hurl or cast down headlong to do unadvisedly or rashly It is also the name of a corrosive powder commonly called Red Mercury used by Chyrurgeons to eat corrupted flesh Precocity from praecox ocis early ripeness forwardliness in ripening over-hasâ—iness in ripening Dod. Grove Prâ—cognition praecognitio fore-knowledge prenotion or former notice of Preconious praeconius of or belonging to a Common-Crier also to praise or commendation Preconsultor Lat. a Pre-adviser there is a Colledge of these at Venice see Rel. Wotton p. 170. Precursor Lat. praecursor a fore-messenger a fore-rider a fore-runner or goer Predatory praedatorius of or belonging to robbing spoiling and piracy Predestination praedestinatio fore-appointment an ordaining before what shall come after It is most used in Divinity and is thus defined by Sir Walt. Ral. in his first Book fol. 16. We can saith he difference Predestination no otherwise from Providence and Prescience then in this That Prescience onely foresees Providence foresees and cares for and hath respect to all creatures even from the brightest
Angels c. See Epiphan Haeres 9. 14. and Moses and Aaron p. 48. Sambenito Span. or Sanbenito properly santo Benito St Benet but it is usually taken for a coat of course Sackcloth in which Penitents in Spain are reconciled to the Church And in that respect it may be called Sanbenito quasi Saco benedicto a blessed Sackcloth Sambuâ— sambuca an instrument of Musick which we commonly take for a Dulcimer Also an Engin of War set by a rowling Tower which by Ropes and Pullies clapt the Bridge suddenly from the Tower to the besieged walls Samian samius of or pertaining to the Isle Samos or to an earthen pot or a Whetstone because there were good ones in that Isle Samplar a corruption from Examplar a pattern or copy to imitate an extract or draught most used for a pattern of several sorts of needle-work Sampson Heb. there the second time Samuel Hebr. placed of God Sanable sanabilis that may be healed curable Sanative sanativus healing curing Bac. Sance Bell campana sancta the sanctus Bell a little Bell formerly in every Church which was rung when the Priest said Sanctus sanctus sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth Sâ—tification sanctificatio a hallowing sanctifying or making holy a separation of things or persons from common or prophane use Sanctiloquent sanctiloquus that speaks holily Sanctimony sanctimonia holiness devoutness religiousness Sanction sanctio a Law a Decree established also a penal Statute Sanctuary sanctuarium a holy or sanctified place as Temple Church or Chappel In the old Law it was the most holy place of the Tabernacle wherein God gave visible tokens of his presence Psal 20.2 And more particularly it is a place priviledged by the Prince for the safe-guard of offenders lives being founded on the Law of Mercy and on the great reverence and devotion which the Prince bears to the place whereunto he grants such a Priviledge Of this you may read Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 2. ca. 38. This seems to have taken beginning from the Cities of Refuge which Moses appointed them to flie unto for safeguard of their lives that had casually slain a man Exod. 21. In bastardly imitation whereof first the Athenians then Romulus erected such a place of immunity which they and he after them called Asylum The Emperors of Rome made the places of their own Statues or Images and Churches also places of Refuge as appears Cod. l. 1. tit 15. But among all other Nations the antient Kings of England seem to have attributed most to these Sanctuaries permitting them to shelter such as had committed both Felonies and Treasons so that within Forty days they acknowledged their fault and submitted themselves to banishment During which time if any man expelled them if he were Lay he was Excommunicated if a Clerk he was made irregular but after forty days no man might relieve them see Fleta lib. 1 cap. 29. And how by degrees they have been taken away you may read partly in him and partly in several Statutes Sanctum Sanctorum i.e. the Holy of Holys was the holiest place of the Jewes Temple where the Ark was kept and whereinto none entred but the High Priest and he but once a year Sandal Heb. sandal Lat. sandalium a Slipper or Pantofle also a kind of old fashioned shoo open and fastned with Latchets on the Instep such as religious persons wear Also Sandal or Saunders santalum a precious wood brought out of India whereof there are three kinds to wit red yellow and white Saunders They are all of a cooling nature especially the red which is often used in Physick against hot diseases Sandarack sandaracha the best red Arsenick or Orpine a bright Painters red whereof there are two kinds one the right and better found in Mines of Gold and Silver the other made of burned Ceruse Sanglant Fr. bloody bleeding embrued or full of blood Sanglier Fr. a wilde Bore five years old Sanguinary sanguinarius cruel thirsty bloody desirous of or delighted in shedding blood Sanguine Sanguineous sanguineus bloody full of blood cruel red Sanguin colour is a blood red colour or my Ladies Blush Sanguin in Heraldry signifies a murrey colour but is commonly taken for a complexion most inclineable to blood Sanguin flesh caro sanguinea is that which is engendred of blood of which sort is the flesh compounded in the Muscles the Heart and the rest of Sanguin Substance the Anatomists call it the proper flesh and Exanguis the improper Sanguinolent sanguinolentus bloody full of blood merciless Sanhedrim or Sanhedrin Hebr. Synedrion or Synedrium Gr. signifies generally the place where Counsellors meet to consult of and determine matters also the Assembly it self But by an appropriation of the word it is commonly taken for the highest Court of Judicature or supreme Council of the Jews which consisted of the High Priest and seventy Seniors or Elders from which number it was called by them in Hebrew words signifying Domus judicii septuaginta unius i. a Court of seventy and one Judges and it was as it were their Parliament to consult about to judge and decide the greatest matters that could arise in their Ecclesiastical or Civil Common-wealth as to determine the Controversies that might happen concerning their High Priest true and false Prophets differences betwixt Nation and Nation Tribe and Tribe c. This High Court was first by the commandment of God instituted in the Wilderness by Moses whilst under his conduct the children of Israel were on their journey out of Egypt towards the Land of Promise and afterwards it continued still in vigor till our Saviors Passion Besides this great Sanhedrim called Sanhedrim Gedola the Jews had two lesser or inferior to it the one consisting of three Judges to the Examination and Decision of which Court the most petty actions were subject As private Quarrels Thefts and the like this they called by words of their Language signifying Domus judicii trium virum The Court of three Judges The other consisted of twenty and three and so was termed Domus judicii viginti trium to whose Court belonged the Decision of weightier Sutes and capital Causes These Courts were erected in several places according to the exigence and commodity of their Country whereas their other supreme Court after their possession of the Land of Promise and the settlement of their Common-wealth was only held in Jerusalem Jews might appeal from those inferior Courts to this but from this there lay no appeal Four kinds of death were in their power Stoning Burning Sword Strangling and they fasted all that day when they condemned any to death See Moses and Aaron p. 189. The Talmudists use the word Sinhedriin for the aforesaid great Council Synedrians synedri are the Counsellors Judges or Members of that Court. Sanity sanitas health soundness good estate of wit and memory Saniacks or Sansiakes are Governors of Cities among the Turks Sante Santoâ— or Sancton Span. a holy man a great Saint Saphire sapphirus a precious stone
this sense my Lo. Bacon uses it in his Advan of Learning fol. 268. Seater an old Idol of the Saxons which was honored on the day called Saturday which thence took denomination This Idol was also called Crodo and by some mistaken for Saturn Scythian Scythick scythicus belonging to Scythia a large Country in the north part of the World Sea-longs the fervent froth of the Sea Bac. Seax a kind of sword made like a Sithe and worn by the old Saxons of which there were two sorts a longer and a shorter which last were called Handseaxes Of this kind of Handseaxes Erkin-wine King of the East Saxons did for his Arms bear three Argent in a field Gules Verst See Saxon. Sebacean sebaceus made of tallow or sewet Sebastian Gr. honorable or Majestical Sebastocrator Gr. was a great Officer of the Empire who about Constantine the Greats time was third in dignity from the Emperor the second was called Despot Secament secamentum that which is cut or shread from a Log or Block as chips and such like A Secant is a right line drawn from the Centre through one extreme of a given Ark till it meet with the Tangent raised from the Diameter at the other extreme of the said Ark. Secation secatio a cutting sawing parting or dividing Secerne secerno to divide to lay or separate one from another to sever to chuse from among others Secession secessio a departing from other a forsaking or going aside a separating ones self from another In antient Rome it was a general Insurrection and revolt of the Commons wherein they left the City until such time as they had the authority of their Tribunes strengthned yea and certain Laws enacted and established by a solemn oath with a curse denounced against all those that went about to abrogate or abolish the same which thereupon were called Sacratae Leges Livy Seclude secludo to shut a part from other to shut out to put away Seclusory seclusorium a place where any thing is shut up a part from other a Coop Secondary see Secundary Secundine secundae quasi secunda nativitas the three skins wherein an Infant lies while it is in the womb or when it comes into the world the second or after-birth in women in Beasts the Heam Sectary sectariüs one that follows private opinions in Religion a Ring-leader of a Sect a seditious factious person Section sectio a cutting dividing or parting Books are commonly divided into Chapters Chapters into Sections and Sections into Paragraphs or Breaks as Printers call them which is the breaking off at such a word and beginning a new line Sective sectivus that is often or that may be cut or divided Sector Lat. in Geometry is a figure comprehended of two right lines containing an angle at the Centre and of the circumference assumed by them There is also a Geometrical Instrument having two legs containing all variety of Angles and the distance of the feet representing the Subtences of the circumference which is therefore called a Sector Secular secularis of or belonging to the space of one hundred years that is done or renewed every hundred year or once in an age Secular Plays ludi seculares were solemn Games or Plays among the antient Romans performed once in a hundred and ten years and sometimes every hundredth year in honor of Apollo or Diana Secular Priests are those whose ordinary conversation is among men of the world and profess the undertaking the charge of Souls as condistinct from those that profess a Monastical or Conventual life under the Rule of some holy Predecessor and thence are called Regulars Secundary secundarius of the second sort the second the next to the first As the Secundary of the Fine Office is an Officer next to the chief Officer Secundary of the Counter who is as I take it next to the Sheriff in London in each of the two Counters and so of others Secundate secundo to make lucky or prosperous to make better or amend a thing Secundine See Secondine Securiferous sceurifer that beareth an Ax or Hatcher Sedateness quietness mitigation the same with Sedation O. Lo. Prot. Speech Sedation sedati◠an appeasing mitigating asswaging qualifying or quieting Sedentary sedentarius that sits much that is done sitting In France they have eight Sedentary Parliaments or High Courts of Justice which are so called because they are alwayes sitting See Parliament Sediment sedimentum a sinking down to the bottom or that sinks to the bottom grounds the dregs or dross of perfume Bac. Seditious seditiosus contentious mutinous factious loving discord Mr Feltham uses Seditiary for a seditious person Seduction seductio a seducing a leading away aside or apart a misleading a deceiving Sedulity sedulitas care and great diligence Segador Span. a Reaper a Mower a Harvest-man Segment segmentum a morsel shred peece or gobbet cut off from any thing a partition Br. Segmentation segmentatio a cutting into small pieces an embroidering Segnity segnitas negligence slowness slothfulness also barrenness Segregate segrego to take out of the flock to lay apart to sever or separate Seian horse so called from Cneus Sejanus who first backed him was of extraordinary bigness and wonderfull composure but had this fatal property to bring his Master to some miserable or untimely end Whence grew the proverb Equum habet Sejanum a man has that which will be his own ruin Sejant or Seisant from the Fr. Seant a term in Heraldry when a beast is painted sitting upright Seignior Fr. Seigneur a Lord a Master a Landlord or a Lord of Jurisdiction a proprietary or owner Seigniory Seigniorage Fr. Seigneury Seigneuriage Seignory Soverainty mastery dominion Seigniorage An. 9. H. 5. Stat. 2. cap. 1. seems to be a Regality or Prerogative of the King whereby he challenges allowance of gold and silver brought in the mass to his Exchange for coyn Seisin from the Fr. Saisine signifies in our Common Law possession and to seize is to take possession Primier seisin is the first possession c. Sejugate sejugo to sever or separate from other to put apart Sejunction sejunctio a separating or putting asunder Selenites Gr. a stone wherein is a white which increases and decreases as the Moon doth Also lunary men or people that are held by some to inhabit the Moon Selion Fr. seillon a ridge of land lying between two furrows Sometimes it contains an Acre sometimes half an Acre sometimes more or less Therefore Crompton in his Jurisdictions fol 221. saith a Selion of land cannot be in demand because it is a thing incertain Seliander is a kinde of dry scab growing in the very bent of the Ham of a horses hinder leg Markham Sellary sellaria a place wherein were forms and stools for men to sit on It is used by Tacitus in his Annals for that place where Tiberius exercised his horrid and unnatural lusts Semblable Fr. like alike even such resembling Semblance Fr. shew seeming appearance Also resemblance likeness like form or feature
whereas they say in Oxford to Battel in the Buttery Book i. to set down on their names what they take in Bread Drink Butter Cheese c. In Cambrigde they call it Sizing Sizygy see Syzygie Skeleton see Sceleton Skellum see Scellum Skiff or Scâ—pâ— scapha a ship-boat properly all of one piece Skink is in Scotland a kind of Pottage of strong nourishment made of Knuckles and Sinews of Beef long boiled Skinker Dutch Schencker a Fil-câ—p one that fills bear or wine a Butler or Cup-bearer Slay from the Teuton Slagon i. to strike an Instrument of a Weavers Loom having teeth like a Comb. Slockster Belg. Slocker one that slocks or inticeth away mens servants See Plagiary Slot a term in hunting and signifies the view or print of a Stags foot in the ground Slough a damp such as usually happens in Colepits also a deep sinking mudy place Smaragdine smaragdinus belonging to the precious stone called a Smaradg or Emerald green as an Emerald Smâ—ctymâ—uans about the beginning of the long Parliament in the year 1641 five Ministers wrote a book against Episcopacy and the Common Prayer in behalf of the Presbyterian Government to which they all subscribed their names being â—tephen Marshal Edm. Calamy Tho. Young Matth. Newcomen and Will Spurstow the first letters whereof make this word Smectymnuus and from thence they and their Followers were called Smectymnuans Smegmatick smegmaticus that hath the power or strength to scoure or cleanse as soap Smeth or Smoothery a medicine or physical Ointment to take away hair Snapâ—ynse a fire-lock or Gun that strikes fire without the use of a Match Sobriquet Fr. a sirname also a nickname or by word See Fuller lib. 3. fol. 30. Soccog from the Fr. Soc. i. a Coulter or plough-share is a tenure of lands by or for certain inferior or husbandly services to be performed to the Lord of the Fee See Institutes of Common Law 31. Socinâ— a late Sect begun by Laelius Socinus the Uncle and made up by Faustus â—ocinus of Sienna his Nephew who first dispersed his Errors in Polonia Transylvania and Sarmatia about the year 1555. They deny the eternal Divinity of the second Person of the Blessed Trinity with other gross Errors See Mr Chewney's Anti-Socinianism Socome an old Law word signifying the custom of grinding at the Lords Mill and there is Bond-Socome where the Tenants are bound to it and Love-Socome where they do it freely out of love to their Land-lord Socord socordia Luskishness sloathfulness negligence idleness sottishness Socratick socraticus of or belonging to that excellent Philosopher Socrates or to the Sect whereof he was chief Hence wise prudent learned Soâ—ality sodalitas a Fellowship a Fraternity a Society an Assembly a Brotherhood a Company incorporate of any mystery or Craft Sodalicâ—ouâ— sodalicius belonging to sodality or Fellowship Sodomy sodomia buggery so called from the City Sodom in Judaea which for that detestâ—ble sin was destroyed with fire from heaven Gen. 19. Sodomite an Ingler or Buggerer Sodomitical pertaining to Sodomy or Buggery Sol the Sun one of the seven Planets See Saturn Solace solatium comfort consolation help or succor Solar solaris of or belonging to the Sun Solary solarium a Sun-Dyal Also a yearly Pension paid to the Prince to live out of common business or the rent that one pays yearly for an house that is built upon the soil or land of the Common-wealth Soldado Span. Soldat Fr. a Souldier one that follows the wars Soldádo borádo a cashiered Soldier a Soldier blotted out of the Muster Roll perhaps derived from the Brit. Sawdiwr i. miles and that from Sawd which signifies praelium or bellum Soldan See Sultan Soldures soldurii were as Caesar saith in the Gaulish language such kinde of men as destined and vowed themselves to the amity of any to take part in all their good and bad fortunes Soleated soleatus shod as horses are or that wears pattens Solecism soloecismus a false manner of speaking contrary to the rules of Grammer incongruity Any thing done out of order or contrary to rule may be termed a Solecism It arose from those who being Athenians born and dwelling in Soli a City in Cilicia spake not pure Attic but mixt with the Solian's more barbarous Language Solecismical pertaining to a Solescism incongruous Solegrebe or Solegrobâ— an old name of the moneth Frebruary Solennial solennis yearly used or done every year at a certain time publick solemn accustomed Solenâ— the ancient name of that part of the Sea which divides the Isle of Wight from our main Land in Hampshire Bedes Hist pag. 366. Solâ—vetion from the Span. Solevar i. sublevare a lifting or holding up Also an aiding succoring or assâ—sting Lustr Ludov. Solidation solidatio a making whole or firm a soldering Solideâ— Five regular bodies or figures Geometrical viz. the Circle Cube Pyramid Cilinder and Dodochaedron Solifidian from sola fides one that holds faith onely without works necessary to salvation or one that depends upon faith alone Soliloquy soliloquium talk alone as of one with one or one with himself Soliped from solidus and pes that hath a whole or sound foot not cloven nor broken such is that of a Horse If from solus and pes then it signifies one-footed or that hath but one foot Dr. Br. Solisequious from solem sequens following or that follows the Sun Br. Solistim solistimum a kind of dancing among the Augures or a Divination taken by falling of the bread on the ground which was given to Chickens Solitanâ—ous solitaneus solitary single alone without company Solivagart solivagus that goes here and there alone and flies company wandering all alone solitary Solon one of the seven wisemen of Greece The other six were Chilo Cleobulus Thales Bias Pittacus and Periander V. Hist of Philos in Preface Solstice solstitium quasi Solis statio the Sun-stead or stay when it can neither go higher nor lower which is in Summer about mid June when the days are at the longest and in Winter about mid December when they are at the shortest at which time the Sun comes to the Tropick of Capricorn and in June to that of Cancer It is most commonly taken for Midsummer and Mid-winter is termed Bruma Solstitical solstitialis belonging to the Solstice or stay of the Sun Also that continues but a little time Soluble solubilis which may be unloosed or unbound Solve solvo to loose to release to deliver to undo to dissolve resolve c. Solute Solutive solutus loosed or loosening set at liberty quiet free Somniculous somniculosus negligent sleepy drowzy sluggish also that makes drowzy or sleepy Somniferous somnifer that brings or causeth sleep Somnus Lat. sleep sometimes night also rest quietness also the God of Sleep Ovid. Somne quies rerum dulcissime Somne Deorum Sonorous sonorus loud making a great noise shril roaring Sonâ—agâ— is a tax of forty shillings laid upon every Knights Fee Stow p. 284. Sontick sonticus noysom hurtfull The Sontick disease
and is called Grasing Submarine submarinus under the Sea Bac. Submersion submersio a plunging or sinking in the water a drowning Subordinate subordinatus appointed or placed in order under another Suborâ— suborno to make prepare instruct foist or bring in a false witness also to deprave corrupt or allure unto lewdness to bribe Subpedaneous subpedaneus belonging to a footstool or any thing under foot Subpaena is a Writ that lies to call a man into the Chancery to have equity upon such case only as the Common Law hath not provided for There is also a Subpaena ad testificandum which lies for calling in witnesses to testifie in a Cause as well in Chancery as in other Courts And the name proceeds from words in the Writ which charge the party called to appear at the day and place assigned sub paena centum librarum c. But in case the party to appear be a Lord of Parliament or the Widow of such Lord then is he or she called by the Lord Keeper or Lord Chancellors Letter giving them notice of the suit intended against them and desiring them to appear Cromp. Juris fol. 33. Subriguous subriguus moist wet and waterish underneath Subsannate subsanno to scorn or mock with bending the Brows or snuffing up the Nose Subsecive subsecivus cut under or off pared from the principal borrowed or sepated from other affairs done at times Subservient subserviens serving agreeing helping forward Subsidence subsidentia a resting or setling in the bottom a sitting under a staying or hiding ones self Subsidiary subsidiarius that is sent or given to the aid of another succoring assistant Subsidy subsidium aid or assistance a tax or tribute assessed by Parliament and granted by the Commons to be levied of every Subject according to the value of his Land or Goods most commonly after the rate of 4 s. in the pound for land and 2 s. 8 d. for goods c. Subsortition subsortitio a chusing by lots after others have chosen to fill up the number of those that before were refused â—uet Substitute substituo to ordain or appoint in place of another to depute Substitutive substitutivus that is appointed or ordained in place of another Also a term in Logick as Propositio substitutiva a conditional Proposition Substraction substractio a drawing out of or from as a lesser number out of a greater Substruction substructio an underpinning or ground-selling of a house a building or ground-work the making a foundation an under-filling A term in Architecture Subsult subsulto to leap or hop under or about Subsultation subsultatio a leaping or hopping under or about Subsultory that jumps or hops under Bac. Subtegulaneous subtegulaneus that is under the eaves or roofs of houses Subtense linea subtendens is a right line drawn from the one extreme of a given Arch to the other called also a Chord and is as the string is to a Bow bent A term in Geometry Subterduction subterductio a private stealing or leading away Subteruflous subterfluus which runs or flows under Subterfuge subterfugium a private escape a shift a crafty evasion a corner or hole to slip into or slink out at Subterrany Subterraneous subterraneus that is under the ground Subterranity subterranitas the being under ground Subbentaneous subventaneus pertaining to the wind windy under the wind Suburbian from suburbia belonging to the Suburbs or out-streets and Parishes of a Town or City Subuthicarian See Vrbicarian Subbulturian subvulturius resembling or like a vulture that lives by ravine as those birds do Suc succus juyce or moisture that a healthful body receives of meat also generally all kind of juyce sirrop or broth vigor or strength Succedaneous succedaneus that succeeds or comes in place of another A Succedaneous Medicament is that which is substituted instead of another that is so rare it cannot be had or so dear it cannot be purchased Succentor Lat. he that singeth the Base See Incentor Our phrase an old Sincantor is either a corruption from this word or if it be written with a C then t is from the Fr. Cinquante which signifies fifty and so may be taken for one that is fifty years of age or above Act of Parl. 1649. ca. 24. mentions Succenter as one of those Officers abolished with Deans and Chapters Succenturiate succenturio to fill up the number of the Band for them that are dead or absent to recruit Succiduous succiduus low ready to fall faltering Succinct succinctus environed fenced about girt compassed also brief short Succineous succineus of or belonging to Amber Succisive succisivus cut off or pared from the principal pared or separated from other affairs done at times Succubius Lat. a Devil that sometimes in the shape of a woman lies with men See Incubus Succulent succulentus sappy moist full of juyce wel-liking or in good plight Succulency juyciness moisture Bac. Succumbents succumbentes those that lye or fall down under or that are not able to sustain antiently it signified those penitents or excommunicate persons that fell down on their knees and prayed in a certain place behind the Quire or Pulpit Succussation succussatio a hard shaking or jolting a violent jogging the trotting of a horse Dr. Br. Succussion Idem Suction suctio or succus a sucking Bac. Sudation sudatio a sweating a taking pains Sudatory sudatorius that belongs to sweating A Sudatory sudatorium a Stew a Hot-house a place to sweat in Sands Sudorous from sudor oris sweaty or full of sweat Sudorifick sudorificus that causeth sweat Bac. Suffarcinate suffarcino to truss or stuff up to load or burthen Suffarraneous suffaraneus that carries meal or flower to any place to sell also that is under a Servant Suffection from sufficio a substitution or putting in place of another Suffition suffitio a purfume a fumigation any thing that being laid or cast upon hot coals makes a sweet smel Sufflaminate sufflamino to skatch scotch or trig a wheel lest it go forward or backward too fast Sufflation sufflatio a blowing or puffing up Suffocate suffoco à faucibus to stop the breath to strangle to stifle to choak to kill Suffocation suffocatio a strangling choaking or stifling See Lapidation Suffossion suffossio a digging under or undermining Suffragan suffraganeus a Bishops Vicegerent one that exerciseth the Function of a Bishop but hath not the Title The Statute 26. Hen. 8. cap 14. inables every Diocesan at his pleasure to elect two sufficient men c. Suffragation suffragatio a declaration of conâ—ent or favor a giving ones voyce in election Suffrage suffragium a good word or favourable voyce in ones behalf as at the time of chusing Mayors Burgesses or the like a speaking in ones favor Suffrages in antient Rome were the voyces of the people given by Centuries Curiae or Tribes which went affirmatively under this form Vti rogas i. be it according to your Bill And negatively thus Antiquo i. I deny or reject it Suffraginous suffraginosus that is