the common sort are not only capable but also very apt to learn any thing that is taught them so that I do impute the Ignorance and Barbarity of the Irish meerly to their evil Customs which are so exceeding bad Davis 150. that as Sir John Davys says Whoever use them must needs be Rebels to all good Government and destroy the Commonwealth wherein they live and bring Barbarism and Desolation upon the Richest and most fruitful Land in the World But the Irish Capacities are not to be questioned at this Day since they have managed their Affairs with that dexterity and Courage that they have gotten the whole Kingdom of Ireland into their Possession and by wheedling some and frightning others they have expelled the Body of the English out of that Island However let us not be dismaid for they are but the same People our Ancestors have so often triumphed over and although they are not to be so contemned but that we may expect they will make one good Effort for their Estates and Religion yet we may still depend upon it That their Nature is still the same and not to be so changed but that they will again vail their Bonnets to a victorious English Army AN EPITOME OF S R WILLIAM PETTY'S LARGE SURVEY OF IRELAND Divided into its 4 Provinces 32 Counties and the Counties into Their Several Barronies wherein are Distinguished y e Archbishopricks Bishopricks Citty 's Places that Return Parliament Men. also the Roads Bogs and Bridges By Phillip Lea At the Atlas and Hercules in Cheapside near Fryday Street LONDON The History of IRELAND From The Conquest Thereof By the ENGLISH to this Time By RICHARD COX Esq r Printed For JOSEPH WATTS at y e Angell in S t Pauls Church Yard THE REIGN OF Henry Plantagenet FITZ-EMPRESS Conqueror and Lord of IRELAND HENRY the Second of that Name King of England a Brave and Powerful Prince ambitious of Glory and the Enlargment of his Empire cast his Eye upon Ireland as a Country most easie to subdue and of great Advantage to him when conquered There were not wanting some Learned Men who affirmed The King had very fair Pretences if not good Title to that Island Speed 472. for besides the Conquests which the Kings Arthur and Edgar had formerly made there Spencer's view 33. they alledged That it was by Leave of the British King Gurgunâ—â—s Campion 26 28. and under Stipulations of Tribute that the Irish were first permitted to settle themselves in that Kingdom Besides the first Inhabitants of Ireland were Britains and those People which the Irish Historians call Fir-bolg and Tuah de Danan i. e. Vir Belgus i. e. Populus Dannonius were no other than the Belga and Dannonit Ancient Inhabitants of England To which might be added That Bayon from whence the Irish pretend to come Lib. P. Lambeth 153. was part of the Kings Dominion So that either Way his Majesty was their natural Prince and Sovereign But however that were yet the King had 〈◊〉 cause of War against the Irish because of the Pyracies and Outrages they daily committed against his Subjects and the barbarous Cruelties they exercised on the English whensoever they fell into their Power buying and selling them as Slaves and using Turkish Tyranny over their Bodies Speed 473. so that the Irish themselves afterwards confessed That it was just their Land should be transfer'd to the Nation they had so cruelly handled Wherefore the King as well to revenge those Injuries as to recover that Kingdom put on a Resolution to invade it But first it was necessary to consult the Pope in that Matter because he pretended no less than three Titles to Ireland First the Universal Patent of Pascâ— Oves which by their Interpretation was Synonimous to Rege Mundum Lib. P. Lambeth 48. Secondly the Donation of Constantine the Great whereby the Holy See was entituled to all the Islands of the Ocean Thirdly The Concession of the Irish Ibid. 154. on their Conversion to Christianity by which they granted the Temporal Dominion of their Country unto S. Peter's Chair And tho' the Answers to these Frivolous Pretences were easie and obvious viz. to the First That whatsoever Spiritual Jurisdiction was given by those Words yet our Saviour's Kingdom not being of this World it is certain no Temporal Dominion is granted thereby And to the Second That Constantine had never any Right or Possession in Ireland and therefore could not give to another what he had not himself And to the Third That the Allegation is false and the Popes had never any Temporal Dominion in Ireland but the same remain'd under their own Native Kings and Monarchs But this Forgery is yet more manifest Because the Irish were not converted by any Emissaries from Rome as appears by the Ancient Difference between the Churches of Ireland and Rome in some Baptismal Rites and the Time of celebrating the Feast of Easter Nevertheless the Pope's Licence in those Superstitious Times would create Reputation especially with the Clergy and his Benediction would as they fancied facilitate their Success and therefore it was thought fit That the King should send his Embassador John Salisbury to the Pope 1156. Sullevan 59. who was by Birth an Englishman and by Name Adrian IV. And how fond soever the Holy See doth now pretend to be of Ireland since the English Government and Industry have rendred it considerable 't is certain the Pope so little regarded it at that time when he received but small Obedience and less Profit from it that he was easily prevailed with to issue the following Bull. ADrian the Bishop Hanmer 107. the Servant of the Servants of God to his most dear Son in Christ the Noble King of England sendeth greeting and Apostolick Benediction Your Magnificence hath been very careful and studious how you might enlarge the Church of God here in Earth and encrease the Number of his Saints and Elect in Heaven in that as a good Catholick King you have and do by all means labour and travel to enlarge and increase God's Church by teaching the Ignorant People the True and Christian Religion and in abolishing and rooting up the Weeds of Sin and Wickedness And wherein you have and do crave for your better Furtherance the Help of the Apostolick See wherein more speedily and discreetly you proceed the better Success we hope God will send for all they which of a fervent Zeal and Love in Religion do begin and enterprize any such thing shall no doubt in the End have a Good and Prosperous Success And as for Ireland and all other Islands where Christ is known and the Christian Religion received it is out of all doubt and your Excellency well knoweth they do all appertain and belong to the Right of S. Peter and of the Church of Rome and we are so much the more ready desirous and willing to sow the acceptable Seed of God's Word because we know
thousand did again besiege it and tho' Captain Vaughan with One hundred Foot and Fifty Horse did kill Forty of the Enemy and raise the Siege yet the Place being so remote could not at all times be relieved and therefore by Order of Council was demolished But the Parliament of England were desirous to manage the War of Ireland by a Committee at least till the Lord Lieutenant should go over but the King opposed that as needless because the Lord Lieutenant was just then ready for the Voyage But whether it was thought that he would not be propitious to the Cessation and Peace with the Irish which were then in design or for what other Reasons he was delay'd it is hard to determine but this is certain That tho' he was always going yet he never went And indeed the Differences between the King and the Parliament were grown to that heighth that each Side prepared for War and at length it came to a Battel at Edge-hill that very day Twelve-month on which the Irish Rebellion broke out viz. 23 October 1642. And in this Fight the Loss seem'd equal and each Party boasted of the Victory whilst both of them were thereby hindred from sending necessary Relief to Ireland and so the unfortunate English suffered every where and were destroy'd by one another in the Civil War in England and by the Common Enemy in that of Ireland However the Parliament did not totally neglect Ireland but on the Fourteenth of October sent over Mr. Robert Godwin and Mr. Robert Reynolds Husbands's Collections 2 part 249. Two Parliament-men and one Captain Tucker from the City of London to inquire into the Condition of the Army and the State of the Kingdom and to see how their Money was disposed of They brought with them Twenty thousand Pounds in Money and some Ammunition and arrived safe on the Twenty ninth of October and on the Second of November presented themselves to the State and being received with Respect were placed on a Form behind the Council and sate covered They did good Service in Ireland and particularly gave great satisfaction to the Army that Care was taken for Pay and Supplies They also made a Book which contained a Subscription of most of the Officers in the Army to take Debentures on the Forfeited Lands for a certain Proportion of their Pay as believing they would fight the better and end the War the sooner if they were interested in the Fruits of the Victory as well as in the Quarrel But the King disliked that Course because it might take up so much of the Rebels Lands that would hinder all Hopes of a peace with them which His Majesty began to have some Hopes of and therefore several Officers well enough inclined to the Proposal omitted to subscribe and some that had subscribed desired to retract So that at length these Commissioners were so sharply threatned that they delivered up the Book to be cancelled Nevertheless they promoted the March of the Army to enlarge their Quarters which afterwards produced the Battel of Ross but some of the Cavalier-party looking upon these Commissioners as Spies procured a Reprimand to the Lords Justices for suffering them to sit covered in the Council-chamber and the King 's positive Orders for their Return which was performed the Twenty seventh of February to the very great prejudice of the Affairs of Ireland and to the great disgust of the Parliament of England In the mean time the Irish under their General Preston had besieged Ballynakill and Colonel Monk with Six hundred Foot and Two Troops of Horse was sent to relieve it He marched out of Dublin the Fifth day of December and upon his approach the Enemy withdrew from the Siege and politickly marched to a Place of Advantage between the English Army and Dublin Battel of Tymachoo to intercept them in their Return But the Rebels had not so much Courage as Cunning for tho' they were Fourteen hundred Foot and Three hundred Horse yet upon the loss of about Threescore that were slain upon the first Volley they basely ran away and left the Road open for Monk to march to Dublin In like manner Sir Richard Greenvill with Two hundred Horse and One thousand Foot on the Twentieth of January marched to raise the Siege of Athloan and carry Supplies to that Garison both which he effected but in his Return he was encountred by Three thousand four hundred Foot Battel of Raconell and Six Troops of Horse at Raconell in a place of great disadvantage to him Nevertheless he had the good fortune to defeat the Rebels with the slaughter of Two hundred and fifty of their Men and to take the General Preston's eldest Son and some other Prisoners But that which rendred this Victory the more valuable was an ancient Prophecy That whoever won the Battel of Raconell should gain all Ireland therefore this Victory troubled and discouraged the Superstitious Irish exceedingly But we must return to the Lords Justices who in November 1642. transmitted to His Majesty a Petition from the Confederates by the Name of The Roman Catholicks of Ireland desiring His Majesty to appoint Commissioners to hear their Grievances And accordingly a Commission was brought over by Thomas Burk one of the first Rebels and by him confidently delivered at the Council-Board to the admiration of the State It impowered the Marquis of Ormond the Earls of Clanrickard and Roscomon Sir Maurice Eustace and others to hear and report their Complaints and in order to it the Three last went to Trim where the Lord Gormanstown Sir Lucas Dillon Sir Robert Talbot and John Walsh the Confederates Agents on the Seventeenth of March 1642. presented a Remonstrance of Grievances which one truly calls an Infamous Pamphlet and contains so much false Reasoning and Arguments ex post facto and downright Untruths as clearly manifests That the Irish first resolved to rebel and then set their Lawyers and Divines on work to fish for Arguments to justifie or at least excuse it But there was an Answer printed 1644. entitled An Answer to the false and scandalous Remonstrance of the inhuman and bloody Rebels of Ireland which sufficiently confuted all their vain Pretences and both of them being essentially necessary to this History are in substance added Appendix 5 6. But this Remonstrance met with better Fortune in the Irish Parliament which sat the Ninth of April for the English were then unluckily dividing into the Factions of Protestant and Puritan and some of the former very unwisely to back their Arguments against that Remonstrance compared it with the Scots Covenant which engendred such Heats in the House that the Parliament was prorogued to the Sixth of May 1643. However the Protestant Army did not neglect to sollicit their Affairs in England but by their Agents Sir James Mongomery Sir Hardress Waller Colonel Hill and Colonel Mervin they Addressed first to the Parliament to whom the King had committed the Care of Ireland and afterwards
Assistance of the Lord Digby they brought the matter so far to bear that on the 12th of November the Lord Digby writes thus to the Lord Lieutenant Yesterday the Lord Clanrickard and I finished our Negotiations to which Preston and his Army and Sir Philem O Neal and part of Owen Roes Army will submit You may depend on this Engagement of Preston and his Army since it cannot be violated without such a Perâ—idy ☞ as certainly the Profession of Soldiers and Gentlemen hath never been guilty of The most that will be expected from you is a Declaration to this effect That whereas it is well known even by His Majesties Printed Letters that His gracious Intentions were to secure His Catholick Subjects of this Kingdom in the free Exercise of their Religion by repeal of the Penalties of the Law against them which in the last Articles was left out by the Subtilty of some of their own Party who intended to found this late mischief upon it that it was far from His Majesties intention or Yours to take advantage of that Omission but that they may rest as secure of His Majesties Favour in the repeal of the said Penalties as if it had been positively exprest in the Articles and that for matter of their Churches and Ecclesiastical Possessions it being referred to the King it was far from Your intentions to molest them therein till you knew His Majesties Pleasure in that particular As for your Engagement to obey His Majesties free Commands the Queen and Prince of Wales and my Significations to the advantage of the Catholicks during His Majesties want of Freedom and that you will not obey such Commands to the prejudice of what is undertaken as shall be procured by advantage of His Majesties want of Freedom Your Letter to the Marquis of Clanrickard will suffice you must proceed frankly c. And this was the Posture of Affairs when on the 14th of November Commissioners arrived from the Parliament with Fourteen hundred Foot and other Necessaries for the Preservation of Dublin which they expected to be given up to them upon the Terms proposed In what Condition was the Marquiss of Ormond now he had two inconsistent Treaties upon his hands and both well nigh concluded and he was in Danger least his own Army who abhorred any farther Correspondence with the Irish would with the Assistance of the Fourteen hundred Men newly come Deliver up both Dublin and him to the Parliament of England It is certain he had need of all that Dexterity and Presence of mind that he was Master of to extricate himself out of these Difficulties as he afterwards did It was never a Doubt with him whether he should preserve the Kingdom for his Majesty or submit it to the Parliament but the Question was whether an Union with the Irish would do the former since their Levity was such as that there could be no dependance upon them I have seen all the dispatches between Ormond and Digby upon this occasion and can assure the Reader that the Lord Lieutenant was prevailed upon against his own Judgment by the Lord Digby's importunity and when he did Consent he foretold the issue of that Reconciliation But we will first give an Account of the Treaty with the Parliament Commissioners and then discover the farther Proceedings with the Irish The Lord Lieutenant and Council being pressed by Enemies without and Necessities and intolerable Wants in the City did on the 26th day of September by Letters to the King and to the Lord Mayor of London represent the miserable Condition they were in and did also send over the Lord Chief Justice Lowther Sir Francis Willoughby and Sir Paul Davis in one of the Parliaments ships to the Parliament of England with Instructions from himself and the Council and other Instructions from the Council only The Instructions from the Lord Lieutenant and Council were 1. That a Difference ought to be made the between those that were Contrivers and first Actors of the Rebellion and those that by the Torrent of that Rebellion were afterwards accidently engaged therein and that the Confiscatitions of the former were sufficient to satisfie the Adventurers 2. That they demonstrate the necessity of making the late Peace for the Preservation of the Protestants for tho' the Protestants do survive the breach of the Peace the Reason is because the Irish are now divided and their Frame of Government dissolved 3. That before the Peace they the Lord Lieutenant and Council did enter into a Treaty with the Parliament Commissioners in Ulster to prevent it but by the Departure of the Marquis of Argile into Scotland and of Sir Robert King into England that Treaty fell for want of a sufficient number of the Commissioners and that misfortune was followed by the defeat of Monroe and the Scots at Bemburb 4. That England has receiv'd advantage by the Peace First by their experience of the perfidiousness and Treachery of the Irish ☞ And Secondly by obtaining just cause to use them severely 5. That the Covenant may not be impos'd until it be done by Act of Parliament that nothing of it may be now imposed lest it divide the Protestants and hinder them from a joynt prosecution of the War and for the same Reason the Book of Common Prayer be not suppressed but let those use the Directory that will 6. To â—ustifie the Goverment and Conduct of His Majesties Servants and to wipe off all Scandals 7. To preserve the Estates Persons and Imployments of all those that went hence to serve His Majesty in England and did not joyn with the Rebels at least to get them Liberty to compound or to transport themselves and their Goods 8. That it be immediately published we have free Commerce and Traffick with the Parliaments Towns and Allies and that three or four Ships be sent to Guard our Coasts from the Rebels 9. That Magazines of all sorts be speedily prepared at Liverpool Chester c. 10. To advise them that if Succours be not immediately sent all will be lost and the recovery of it will cost ten times as much Blood and Treasure as it will to keep it now 11. That if the Soldier be not constantly Paid he will revolt to the better Pay-master and that the Revenue here does not keep the publick Persons and Clergy from want 11. That Directions be sent to the Parliaments Forces in Ulster Munster and Conaught to correspond and joyn with Us. 12. That if they send Forces under their own Officers Care be taken to Pay ours equally with theirs to prevent Difference and Mutiny 13. That Sir Francis Butler Colonel Richard Gibson Colonel Henry Warren Colonel Monk and Lieutenant Colonel Gibs now Prisoners with the Parliament Being Men that know the Country and are experienced in the Service may be rather sent than Novices and Strangers or any others Lastly Men without Money and Victuals will do us more harm than good And if as soon as you are
many and pernicious to Ireland that this Parliament should betray the trust reposed in them if they did not declare against this Cessation and use all means in time to make it abortive and therefore they desire that it may be observed and taken notice of First From whence the Counsel and Design of this Cessation ariseth even from the Rebels and Papists themselves for their own Preservation for soon after they had missed of their intent to make themselves absolute Masters of that Kingdom of Ireland by their treacherous Surprises and seeing that this Kingdom did with most Christian and Generous Resolutions undertake the Charges of the War for the Relief and Recovery of Ireland Propositions were brought over from the Rebels by the Lords Dillon and Tafe at which time they were intercepted and restrained by the Order of the House of Commons after that they had the boldness even while their Hands were still imbrued in the Protestants Blood to petition his Majesty that their demands might be heard And for this purpose they obtained a Commission to be sent over into Ireland to divers Persons of Qality whereof some were Papists to Hear Receive and Transmit to his Majesty their Demands which was done accordingly and one Master Burk a Notorious Pragmatick Irish Papist was the chief Sollicitor in this business After this the Just Revenging God giving daily success to handfuls of the Protestant Forces against their great numbers so that by a wonderful Blessing from Heaven they were in most parts put to the worst Then did they begin to set on Foot an Overture for a Cessation of Arms concerning which what going and coming hath been between the Court and the Rebels is very well known and what Meetings and Treatties have been held about it in Ireland by Warrant of his Majesties Ample Commission sent to that effect and what Reception and Countenance most Pragmatical Papists negotiating the business have found at Court and that those of the State in Dublin who had so much Religion and Honesty as to disswade the Cessation were first discountenanced and at last put out of their Places and restrained to Prison as Sir William Parsons One of the Lords Justices there Sir John Temple Master of the Rolls Sir Adam Loftus Vice-Treasurer of Ireland and Treasurer at Wars and Sir Robert Meredith one also of the Council Table Secondly The Lords and Commons desire it may be observed that during all these Passages and Negotiations the Houses of Parliament were never acquainted by the State of Ireland with the Treaty of a Cessation much less was their Advice or Counsel demanded notwithstanding that the care and managing of the War was devolved on them both by Act of Parliament and by his Majesties Commission under the Great Seal to Advise Order and Dispose of all things concerning the Government and Defence of that Kingdom But the wants of the Army were often represented and complained of whereby with much craft a ground was preparing for the Pretext wherewith now they would cover the Counsels of this Cessation as if nothing had drawn it on but the extream Wants of their Armies whereas it is evident that the Reports of such a Treaty have been in a great part the cause of their wants for thereby the Adventurers were disheartened Contributions were stopped and by the admittance to Court of the Negotiators of this Cessation their wicked Councels have had that influence as to procure the Intercepting of much Provisions which were sent for Ireland so that Ships going for Ireland with Victuals and others coming from thence with Commodities to exchange for Victuals have been taken not only by Dunkirkers having his Majesties Warrant but also by English Ships commanded by Sir John Pennington under his Majesty And moreover the Parliament Messengers sent into several Counties with the Ordinance of January last for Loans and Contributions have been taken and imprisoned their Money taken from them and not one Peny either Loan or Contribution hath been suffered to be sent for for Ireland from these Counties which were under the power of the Kings Army while in the mean time the Houses of Parliament by their Ordinances Declarations and Solicitations to the City of London and the Counties free from the terror of the Kings Forces were still procuring not contemptible Aid and Relief for the distresses of Ireland Thirdly As the Lords and Commons have reason to declare against this Plot and Design of a Cessation of Arms as being treated and carryed on without their Advice so also because of the great prejudice which will thereby redound to the Protestant Religion and the encouragement and advancement which it will give to the practice of Popery when these Rebellious Papists shall by this agreement continue and set up with more freedom their Idolatrous Worship their Popish Superstitions and Romish Abominations in all the places of their Command to the dishonouring of God the grieving of all true Protestant Hearts the disposing of the Laws of the Crown of England and to the provoking of the wrath of a Jealous God as if both Kingdoms not smarted enough already for this sin of too much conniving at and tolerating of Antichristian Idolatry under pretext of Civil Contracts and Politick Agreements Fourthly In the Fourth place they desire it may be observed that this Cessation will prove dishonourable to the Publick Faith of this Kingdom it will elude and make null the Acts and Ordinances of Parliament made for the forfeiting of the Rebels Lands at the passing of which Acts it was represented that such a course would drive the Rebels to Despair and it proves so but otherways than was meant for despairing of their Force and Courage they go about to overcome us with their Craft Fifthly and Lastly What shall become of the many Poor Exiled Protestants turned out of their Estates by this Rebellion who must now continue begging their Bread while the Rebels shall enjoy their Lands and Houses And who shall secure the rest of the Protestants that either by their own Courage Industry and great Charges have kept their Possessions or by the success of our Armies have been restored Can there be any assurance gotten from a Perfidious Enemy of a Cossation from Treachery and breach of Agreement when they shall see a fit time and opportunity These and many other considerations being well weighed it will appear evidently that this Design of a Cessacion is a deep Plot laid by the Rebels and really invented for their own Safety and falsly pretended to be for the benefit of the Armies And whereas the Lords and Commons have no certain Information that the Treaty is concluded but are informed by several Letters that all the Protestants as well Inhabitants as Soldiers in that Kingdom are resolved to withstand that proceeding and to adventure on the greatest extremities rather than have any sort of peace with that generation who have so cruelly in time of Peace Murdered many Thousands of our Countreymen
thousand five hundred Pounds yet for the better furthering of the Service we desire Ten thousand Pounds if it may stand with your Convenience 6. That their Pay which was condescended unto from the Eighth of December be presently advanced to the Eighth of February next against which time we are confident they shall be ready to march 7. That a Man of Wâ—r or some Mâ—rchants Ships be sent from Bristol Westchester or Dublin to 〈◊〉 for a Safe Convoy and Guard of the Passage because they 〈…〉 Boats may be subject to Inconveniences from the Enemy 〈…〉 we hear are towards that Coast 8. That the sending 〈…〉 thâ—se Men be without prejudice to the Proceeding of the Treaty which we desire may go on without any delay Westm 24. Jan. 1641. JA. PRYMROSE Which Proposals were approved of by Both Houses but the King disliked the Third Article as appears by His Answer viz. His Majesty having perused and considered these Eight Propositions presented by the Scots Commissioners doth willingly consent to them all except only the Third which His Majesty doth not approve and wisheth the Houses to take that Article again into Consideration as a Business of very great Importance which His Majesty doubts may be prejudicial to the Crown of England and the Service intended And if the Houses desire it His Majesty shall not be unwilling to speak with the Scots Commissioners to see what Satisfaction he can give them therein And the next day they waited upon him and told him That since it was only Matter of Trust that was in debate they hoped that he who was their Native King would not shew less Confidence in them than the English Nation had done Whereupon His Majesty consented rather than the necessary Supplies for Ireland should be delay'd And on the Fourteenth of February a Committee of Both Houses went with a Message to the Spanish Ambassador to this effect That the Parliament were informed Husbands 79. That some Vessels in Dunkirk laden with Arms and Ammunition were designed for Ireland and that if they or any such Ships were suffered to go thence it should be interpreted a Breach of the Peace between England and Spain To which the Ambassador answered That he would be careful to continue the League between both Crowns and did assure them that those Ships were not bound for Ireland And on the same Fourteenth day of February His Majesty sent a Message to Both Houses in which are these Words For Ireland in behalf of which His Majesty's Heart bleeds as His Majesty hath concurred with all Propositions made for that Service by His Parliament so He is resolved to leave nothing undone for their Relief which shall fall within His possible Power nor will refuse to venture His own Person in that War if His Parliament shall think it convenient for the Reduction of that miserable Kingdom And in the same Month the Parliament knowing that the Sale of the Rebels forfeited Estates was the best way to prevent future Rebellions by English Plantations in Ireland and to raise Money for suppressing of this did vote as followeth viz. THe Lords and Commons taking into their serious Considerations Husbands 84. as well the Necessity of a speedy Reducing of the Rebels of Ireland to their due Obedience as also the great Sums of Money that the Commons of this Realm have of late paid for the Publick and Necessary Affairs of the Kingdom whereof the Lords and Commons are very sensible and desirous to embrace all good and honorable Ways tending to His Majesty's Greatness and Profit the Setling of that Realm and the Ease of His Majesty's Subjects of England And whereas divers Worthy and Well-affected Persons perceiving that many Millions of Acres of the Rebels Lands of that Kingdom which go under the name of Profitable Lands will be confiscate and to be disposed of and that in case Two Millions and a half of those Acres equally taken out of the Four Provinces of that Kingdom may be allotted for the Satisfaction of such Persons as shall disburse any Sums Money for the Reducing of the Rebels there it would effectually accomplish the same have made these Propositions ensuing 1. That Two Millions and a half of those Acres may be assigned allotted and divided amongst them after this Proportion viz. For each Adventurer of 200 l. 1000 Acres in Ulster 300 l. 1000 Acres in Conaught 450 l. 1000 Acres in Munster 600 l. 1000 Acres in Leinster all according to English Measure and consisting of Meadow Arable and profitable Pasture the Bogs Woods and barren Mountains being cast in over and above These two Millions and a half of Acres to be holden in free and common Soccage of the King as of his Castle of Dublin 2. That out of those two Millions and a half of Acres a constant Rent shall be reserved to the Crown of England after this Proportion viz. Out of each Acre thereof in Ulster 1 d. Conaught 1 ob Munster 2 q. Leinster 3 3. That for the erecting of Mannors settling of Waste and Commons maintaining of Preaching Ministers creating of Corporations and regulating of the several Plantations one or more Commissions be hereafter granted by Authority of Parliament 4. That Monies for this great Occasion may be the more speedily advanced all the Undertakers in the City of London and within 20 Miles distance thereof shall under-write their several Sums before the Twentieth day of March 1641. and all within Sixty Miles of London before the First day of April 1642. and the rest of the Kingdom before the First day of May 1642. 5. That the several Sums to be under-written shall be paid in at four Payments viz. one fourth part within ten days after such under-writing and the other three parts at three Months three Months and three Months all to be paid into the Chamber of London 6. That for the better Securing of the said several Sums accordingly every one that doth so under-write shall at the time of his Subscription pay down the twentieth part of the Total Sum that shall be by him then under-written And in case that the residue of his first fourth part be not paid in to such person or persons as shall be appointed to receive the same within the ten days before limitted then such Party shall not only forfeit the twentieth part of the Sum total formerly deposited but so much more of his first fourth Payment to be added thereunto as shall make up the one Moyety of the said first Payment And if the same Person shall fail in any other of the three Payments he shall then Forfeit his entire first fourth and all the Benefit of his Subscription which Forfeiture shall accrue to the common Benefit of the rest of the Undertakers The Lords and Commons upon due and mature Deliberation of these Propositions have approved of them and given their consent unto the same and will become humble Petitioners to His Majesty for His Royal Approbation thereof and
stupendious Revolution was That General Preston and his Army being mostly of the Pale and in whom English Blood and Honor should have had more prevalence than to suffer them to be guilty of so manifest and perfidious Violation of a Peace so lately made with their own King should be persuaded to joyn with Owen Roe and the Ulster Irish in so ill a Cause and even against his Interest and yet it is certain that they were tainted so early that tho' Owen Roe march'd through their Quarters to intercept Ormond yet none of them sent him the least notice and when the Marquis sent to Preston to come to him to consult about those Affairs Preston excused it with a Pretence of Sickness Nevertheless the Nuncio would not trust him until he had tied him by an Engagement to oblige his Honor and an Oath to bind his Conscience both which are recited Appendix 32. And upon the noise of Preston's Defection the Lord Lieutenant sent him an Expostulatory Letter to which he return'd the following Canting Answer May it please your Excellency IN Answer to Yours of the Eighth of this Instant I return That finding the Peace that was Concluded and Published destructive to my Religion and Liberty of the Nation to the Maintenance of which together with His Majesty's Just Prerogatives I had formerly sworn and associated my self I called together my Regiments and issued new Commissions for reinforcing of my Army my Intention being therein no other tha◠complying with my former Resolution and Engagement which I desire may be accorded with Assurance whereby we may be the better enabled to comply with His Majesty's Necessities in serving Him Which is the only Ambition of My Lord Your Lordships most humble Servant T. PRESTON Kilka 10 October 1646. But let us return to the Nuncio who by the Artifice and Industry of the Popish Clergy was become the Generalissimo of Two Armies which being united made up 16000 Foot and 1600 Horse with which he marched towards Dublin and was so confident to take it by a General Assault at his first Approach and express'd it with such Arguments of Probability that it was generally believ'd in his Camp so that Colonel Fitz-Williams pretending Kindness to Ormond did by his Letter of the 22th of September give him notice of the Danger and advis'd him to prevent it by confirming Glamorgan's Concessions and concludes That then Preston will live and die for His Majesty And to this Advertisement the Marquis on the 26th of September return'd the following Answer SIR IF I could have assured the Clergy my Lord of Glamorgan's Conditions I had not retired hither they are Things I have nothing to do with nor will have If they be valid in themselves they need no Corroboration if invalid I have no Power to give them Strength I cannot believe General Preston so regardless of his Honor as to appear in a way of Hostility before Dublin which were in the highest degree to violate the Loyalty he professeth the many Assurances given me by himself and in his behalf by others and above all the Honor of his Profession But if all that can be called Faith between King and Subject and betwixt Man and Man shall be so infamously laid aside together with all hope of Reconciliation Nature will teach us to make the best Resistance we can and God the sure Punisher of Treachery and Disloyalty at last will bless our Endeavors with Success or our Sufferings with Patience and Honor. Your Servant ORMOND But we must leave this mighty Army on their March and visit the Marquis of Ormond who was so enraged at this unexcusable Perfidy of the Confederates that he resolved to think no more of Treating with them but on the contrary prepared for the utmost Resistance And he was likewise very much confirmed in those Resolutions by the Opinion of the Lord Digby whom he had left Resident at Kilkenny and who in his Letter of the 24th of September hath this Passage My Lord there is no dealing with this People but by Force You see by the short Letter how they forge large Offers and improve others for their Ends. Hereupon Resolutions were unanimously taken in Council to Address to the Parliamet for Succors as shall be hereafter related at large in its proper place And the Lord Lieutenant and Council did write to the King ☞ That the Irish having perfidiously violated the Peace had begun a new War to wrest the Kingdom from His Majesty and transfer it to the King of Spain or the Pope to avoid which they were forced to apply themselves to the Parliament And the same day they wrote to the Lord Mayor and City of London for Assistance and assur'd them that the City Debts seiz'd in the beginning of the War were but borrow'd in extremity and that an exact Account are kept of them and they will be justly repaid by the King in due time And hereupon the Captain of the Parliaments Ship that carried the Commissioners over furnish'd the Lord Lieutenant with Thirty Barrels of Powder There was nothing more could be done for the Preservation of Dublin but to invite the Parliament Forces of Ulster to its Assistance which was not neglected and many of them were passionately inclin'd to the Service as knowing that the whole Kingdom would suffer very much in the Loss of that City But the Chief Commanders and the Parliament Commissioners would not consent unless Tredagh might be put into their Hands To which Ormond replied That he was in Treaty with the Parliament and therefore could not part with Tredagh till that were finished but desires them to reinforce his Garisons or divert the Common Enemy by taking the Field However the Irish were afraid of this Conjunction and therefore Owen Roe from Athy on the Ninth of October invited the Lord Lieutenant thither to treat with the Nuncio but Ormond knew there was no good Musick to be made upon that String and therefore the next day from Trim he return'd an Expostulation Why they were in Arms and desired them to restore Athlone and Athy To which Owen Roe replied the same day from Kilka That those Garisons are in surer Hands for the King now than they were in before whilst they were kept by Men inclined to the Parliament But tho this Irish General was so high being the Favorite of the Nuncio and his Party yet General Preston was not so but foreseeing the Fate and Scandal of the perfidious Breach of the Peace both he and his Army were somewhat cold in the Affair Besides this there was a National Emulation between the Two Armies O Neal's being Old Irish as the others was of the Old English and this was increas'd by the Insolence of the former and the Envy of the latter For Owen Roe and his Party who had been lately Victorious at Bemburb and had never submitted to the Peace because the Nuucio did reject it thought themselves justly entitled to the Reputation of
or Clergy but to Men of Estates that are dispossessed as appears by the Limitation of its Continuance viz. until they can possess so much of their own Estates That the Covenant hath been already pressed and imposed in all parts of Ireland that are under the power of the Parliament and therefore they must be secure against that and if there be no Ordinance of Parliament to impose it the Commissioners may the better undertake it shall not be imposed That tho' his Lordship if he were to continue the Government would submit to Ordinances of Parliament that relate to Government of the Army or the like yet he would not to Ordinances of Religion against his Conscience and doth not scruple now that the people shall be obliged to Ordinances of the former sort and the Commissioners Declaration That they intend no other will give Satisfaction in this point That there was time enough to get the King's Orders That the Delivery of Oxford was forced by Extremity and yet was not done without the King's Direction That Inferences must not be made against any thing that is expressed And besides the first Article To procure His Majesties Direction the Seventh Article Mentions That if in the mean time till they can get the King's Orders they supply the Garisons it shall be well husbanded c. So that this Matter is fully and doubly expressed in those Proposals And lastly There is no Satisfaction given about the Dissolution of the present Parliament in Ireland which would be the Ruin of the Protestants of that Kingdom But because the Kingdom might not be deprived of the Supplies the Commissioners brought and that neither side may be prejudiced until the King's Pleasure may be known and their Instructions from the Parliament enlarg'd the Lord-Lieutenant propos'd 1. That the Officers and Soldiers may be landed and put in one or more Garisons and to receive Orders from his Excellency and the Governor of the place and submit to the Martial Law 2. That 3000 l. be lent his Excellency to support the Army â…” Money and 1 â— Victuals 3. That the Commissioners engage their Soldiers shall remove at the end of six Weeks unless an Agreement be made in the mean time and till then do no Prejudice to the Government 4. That his Lordship will engage they shall have free Egress c. at six Weeks end But the Commissioners thinking that the Exigencies of the City and Army and the danger to lose both would force the Lord-Lieutenant to comply refused these Proposals and repeated That his Lordship had offered to the Parliament to put all his Forces and Garisons under their sole Command the King unconsulted with therein which his Lordship did by his Letter of the Two and Twentieth of November positively deny And so this Treaty broke off and the Commissioners carried their Men and Supplies to Ulster But though the Lord Lieutenant had a fair excuse for refusing the Parliament Commissioners since they did not bring His Majesty's Orders according to the express mention thereof twice made in his Propositions yet he was very uneasy in regard of the Protestants under his Command and accordingly in answer to one of the Lord Digby's importunate Letters he thus expâ—esseth himself Nov. 18. 1646. It is an hard Task I have to break with the Parliaments Commissioners and keep my Reputation with my own Party to whom these Commissioners offered Security in their Fortunes Supplies in their Wants and Assistance against the Irish that have destroyed them in all the Interests that are dear to Men besides I must perswade my Party to return to intolerable and inevitable Wants and to rely once more upon the recently broken Faith of the Irish And in the same Letter he excepts against letting the Irish into Garisons and against promising to obey the Orders of Queen or Prince and against the words Free Exercise of Religion To all which the Lord Digby gave plausible Answers on the 20th and writes That Preston languished for his Commission and that he need do no more than write a kind Letter to that General and so at length he was overcome and did on the 25th day of November write to Preston and the next day gave a Commission to Clanrickard to be Lieutenant General of the Army and he was received as such by General Preston's Forces drawn up in Battalia The Terms of this new Reconciliation appear in the Marq. of Clanrickard ' s Engagement Appen 33 which one would think is as full as could be desired however the Nuncio and his Minion Owen Roe were not satisfied with them the Nuncio on the 20th of November urged the Marquis of Clanrickard That the Churches of Dublin might be included in his Engagement but Clanrickard replyed That it is more plausible to refuse Obedience to the King till he become Catholick than until being a Protestant he refuse to part with his own Churches Your Grace said he ought to content your Self with the Glory of Setling all the Garisons and in a manner all the Power in the Kingdom in Catholick Hands and to have secured the Catholick Religion with at least as great Extent and as great Freedom and Lustre under a King of a different Faith as that of his own Profession However it is not doubted but the Nuncio did secretly * * Nuntius Prestonio mandat ut fâ—â—dus cum prorege renovet Beling 38. promote this Pacification not with a design it should stand but in expectation of these three Advantages 1. That being by Sickness and want of Forâ—â—ge necessitated to raise the Siege this Agreement would make their Retreat safe which else might be dangerous Ormond's Horse being much better than theirs 2. The Disappointment of the Parliaments Commissioners would make an everlasting Fewd between them and Ormond And 3. Preston's Forces being in the English Garisons might find an opportunity to master some of them Nevertheless it was necessary that Owen Roe should decline the Agreement for else all the Kingdom would have complyed with it as believing that the Nuncio wanted either Power or Will to oppose it and therefore on the 17th of November he decamped and marched into the Queens County where he ravaged over the Country and destroyed all that he could not keep But Preston stayed in the Camp and on the 27th of November received the Marquis of Clanrickard as Lieutenat General of the Army and was himself made Major General and he and his Officers signed the Engagement mentioned Appendix 34 to obey the Peace and by Letters under his own Hand invited the Lord Lieutenant to march with him to Kilkenny and Waterford to reduce those Cities to conformity which he said would be effected by his Excellency's Appearance only before those places whereupon Ormond coâ—â—â—nted but was by Sickness detained for some few days from the intended March. But contrary to his expectation General Preston decamped and on the second of December from Naas writes to his Excellency That the
preserve the Bulk of that People and make them serviceable to the Government which will not be practicable unless first the Raporees are severely corrected for their past Enormities and afterwards strictly kept in Obedience And perhaps it may be very useful both to the Reduction and Settlement of Ireland to make a Difference between those Papists that are of English Extraction those that are not for although at this Day they would laugh at the Distinction yet upon the first considerable Baffle they meet with they will certainly leap at the Qualification In the mean time it may be demanded How it comes to pass that the Papists in three Years have more weakned the Protestants of Ireland in Quantity Quality and Estate in a time of Peace and the Law on their side than the Protestants could weaken them in forty times that space But the Answer is easie That the Protestants are obliged to Rules of Charity and Forms of Justice which whether others observe or not will be manifest by what they have done for whereas it is most consonant to Reason Law and the Polity of that Kingdom that the small Colony of British in a conquered Country should be protected against the numerous Natives by an Army of their own Nation and Religion and so has it been practised for five hundred Years and ought rather to be now because a Protestant Parliament gave a great yearly Revenue to that very End most part of which was also paid by Protestants Yet have we seen all this Reason Law and Polity subverted and that Army disbanded with Circumstances as bad as the Fact and Enemies introduced to guard us against themselves and Mountaneers garrisoned within those Walls that were purposely built to keep them out And whereas the Force of the Common Law is resolved into Tryals by Jury was it not a subversion of the Common Law in a Country where Perjury is so frequent that Irish Evidence is become proverbially scandalous to make Judge Sheriff Jury Witnesses and Party all of a sort what Justice a Protestant could expect in such a Case may appear by those notorious Murders and other great Crimes that have passed unpunished And by those many hundreds of Protestants who without Colour or Circumstance of Truth have been impeached for Treason Seditious Words Night-walking or Vnlawful Assemblies c. And as if all this was not enough unless they entailed these Miseries upon the Protestants and even legitimated them by Act of Parliament they have in order to that seized upon all Corporations and dissolved them on forged or frivolous Pretences in so precipitate a manner that they did not allow competent time to draw much less to review the Pleadings they reversed the Outlaries of the Popish Lords and projected to call their eldest Sons by Writ and so made themselves sure of both Houses of an Irish Parliament But alass these Complaints are drowned in greater and the Insolence and Barbarity of the Raporees is not to be expressed it was tolerable whilst the Protestants suffered under Pretence or Forms of Law but when these Wolves were let loose the English were plundered of all they had at Noon Day in the face of the Sun in Times of Peace and without Provocation and which was a greater Aggravation of this Crime it was done in many Places by the Servants and Tenants they had kept from starving and the Neighbours they had most obliged so that the Protestants of Ireland are entirely ruined by an ungrateful People themselves had cherished and supported But to proceed I have been curious to give the Vice-Roys of Ireland their proper Titles and yet I am not sure that I am always exact nor is it of any great Importance whether I am or no since their Power is measured by their Commission and not by their Denomination And although I have gathered many Materials towards a Second Part yet it will be some time before I can publish it because I shall expect that those generous Persons that have collected any curious Observations of the Later Times will either communicate them to me or command mine which I will readily part with to any Body that will undertake that Province it being indifferent to me so the thing be done whether it be performed by mending mine or beginning a new Work AN APPARATUS OR Introductory Discourse TO THE HISTORY of IRELAND CONCERNING The State of that Kingdom before the Conquest thereof by the English IRELAND is an Island seated in the Vergivian Sea on the western Side of Great Britain next to which it is the biggest Island in Europe it extends from North to South about three hundred English Miles in length and it is one hundred and eighty of the same Miles broad from East to West in some Places more in some less it contains above ten Millions and a half of Plantation which is near seventeen Millions of English Acres of Land so that it is four time as big as Palestine and holds Proportion with England and Wales as 17 to 30. The Country is not at all inferior to England for Number or Goodness of Harbours Fertility of Soyl Plenty of Fish both in the Fresh and Salt Water Fowle Wild and Tame and all Sorts of Flesh Corn and Grain and every thing else necessary for the Life of Man saving that in some of these England has got an Advantage by Improvement and good Husbandry The Irish Rivers are both more numerous and more Clear the Shenin is bigber than the Thames and might be made Navigable almost two hundred Miles the Air indeed of England is more serene and consequently more hot in Summer and more cold in Winter nevertheless that Ireland is the healthier Country may be argued from hence That seldom any Pestilential Disease rages there and no part of that Kingdom is so unhealthy as the Fenns of Huntington Lincoln and Cambridge Shires the Hundreds of Essex or the Wild of Kent and it may be expected That as the Bogs are drained and the Country grows Populous the Irish Air will meliorate since it is already brought to that Pass That Fluxes and Dissenteries which are the Country Diseases are neither so riâ—e nor so mortal as they have been heretofore Things most observable of that Country are That nothing venomous will live in it there are Spiders but not poysonous Ireland breeds the largest Grey-hound in the World they are called Wolf-Dogs and will dwindle and grow much smaller in two or three Generations in any other Country The Irish Hawk is reputed the best in Europe and the Irish Hobbies or ambling Nags can hardly be matched nor do any Seas abound with Pilchards more than the Southern Irish Sea it is very rare to have an Earthquake in Ireland and when it happens it is portentuous there are a thousand Lies reported of wonderful things in Ireland but the only extraordinary thing I can aver true is the strange Quality of Logh neâ—gh that turns Wood into Stone and I
assured of Our Favour and License in that behalf Dermond full of Hopes passed through England to Bristol where he caused the Kings Letters to be publickly and frequently read and he likewise published his own Overtures of great Entertainment to such as would assist him but his chief Dependance was upon Richard Earl of Chepstow commonly call'd Strongbow who Covenanted to aid him the next Spring with a good Force if he could obtain the Kings particular Leave to do so for which he was to have Dermond's only Daughter Eva and to succeed in the Kingdom of Leinster From Bristol Dermond went to St. Davids in Wales where he prevailed with Rhees Prince of that Country to enlarge Robert Fitz Stephens who was then in Prison and the Bishop of S. Davids perswaded the aforesaid Fitz-Stephens and Maurice Fitz-Girald to engage in Dermond's Quarrel for which the Irish Prince was to give them in Fee Wexford and two Cantreds adjoyning But Dermond impatient of longer absence from his own Country and to prepare for the reception of his Auxiliaries sailed to Ireland in August and Landed at Glascarrig 1169. and thence went to Fernes where he was kindly received by the Clergy to whom he made great ostentation of the Valour Number and Bravery of his new Confederates however he thought fit to remain with them private and as it were incognito that Winter In the mean time he sent his trusty Servant Maurice Regan in the Nature of an Embassadour to sollicite and hasten the English Assistance and to promise Lands to such of the Adventurers as would stay in Ireland and good Rewards in Mony or Cattle to them that designed to return But the English were mindful of their Engagements and Promise and in pursuance of them Robert Fitz-Stephens arrived at the Ban 1170. a small Creek in the County of Wexford about the Calends of May together with thirty Gentlemen sixty Men in Jacks and three hundred choice Archers and Pike-Men in three Ships And the next came Maurice of Prendergast ten Gentlemen and a number of Archers in two Barques As also Hervy of Mountmaurice whom Strongbow sent as his Agent to be informed of the true state of the Country They immediately send Notice of their Arrival which being known gave Dermond so great Reputation that his revolted Subjects flockt to him with such celerity and in such numbers as manifested their Levity and that they were too much inclined to court a prevailing Power That Night the English incamped by the Sea-side Regan and the next Day marched towards Wexford where they were met by Daniel Dermonds Natural Son and five hundred Men and soon after came Dermond himself and renewed the Leagues and Covenants between him and the English Stainhurst 71. and thereupon both Armies joyn and march friendly to Wexford Two thousand of the Wexfordians boldly make a Sally Giraldus Cambrensis but when they perceived the Armour Barbed Horses and other war-like Furniture of the English and such an Appearance as they had never seen before they were frighted therewith and easily persuaded to retire nevertheless they burnt their Suburbs and the adjacent Villages and manfully betook themselves to defend their Walls They also briskly repulsed Fitz Stephens his first Attack and killed eighteen of his Men whereupon the English were enraged and being resolved either to conquer or dye they first burnt their Ships and then made Publick Prayers in the Camp and prepared for a Second Assault but by the Mediation of some Bishops that was prevented and the fourth Day of the Siege the Town was surrendred on Articles and together with two Cantreds adjoyning was given to Fitz-Stephens and Fitz-Girald according to the former Agreement And to oblige the Earl of Chepstow Dermond bestowed two Cantreds situate between Wexford and Waterford on Henry of Mountmaurice and those three setled the first Colony of British on these Lands which have continued through-all the Changes since to this Day But the King of Leinster was overjoyed at this Success and to express his Gratitude to the English Adventurers he marched to Fernes to caress them where they staid three Weeks Regan M. S. and spent their Time in Feasting and Jollity Dermond did not fail to applaud their Valour and tell them how much they were dreaded by the Irish and then he proposed to them an Expedition into Ossory to which they readily consented The Army consisting of three thousand Irish besides the English in pursuance of the former Resolution invaded Vpper Ossory That Prince was Dermonds bitterest Enemy and had formerly imprisoned Dermond's Son and being jealous of him had put out both his Eyes by means whereof he dyed That Country being full of Woods and Bogs Stainhurst 79. might easily have been defended and the Prince of Ossory prepared to do so but Fitz-Stephens counterfeited a Flight and by that Stratagem drew out the Ossorians to pursue him and when he had got them on the Plain he charged them with his Horse to purpose and routed them with the Slaughter of above three hundred Men Lib. P. Lamb. whose Heads being brought to Dermond he most barbarously did bite away the Nose and Lips of one of them Hanmer 114. whom he knew and mortally hated However by this Defeat and the Inroads and Desolation they made in the Country Lib. P. the Prince of Ossory was forced to Submit swear Fealty and give Hostages to the King of Leinster But Mr. Regan not allowing of this Submission tells us of a second Expedition into Ossory and that after the Wexford Men were three times repulsed the English forced the Trenches beat the Ossorians and burnt the Country and Maurice de Prendergast being disgusted with Dermond resolved to return to England but being stopt at Wexford he took part with the Prince of Ossory but finding that Prince designed to murder him in stead of giving him his promised Pay he got rid of him by a Stratagem and returned to England and afterward came over again with Strongbow But however that be 't is more certain That the Army being refreshed invaded burnt and prey'd the Country of O Phelan and afterwards O Tools Country up to Glandelogh and met with small or no Resistance In the mean time Rotherick the Monarch of Ireland was alarm'd at the Advent and Success of the English and therefore he summon'd a General Parliament or Assembly of all the Princes of the Country they quickly resolved to attack the King of Leinster and to expel the Strangers and in order to put their Votes in execution they united their Forces and invaded O Kensile a Territory in Leinster Dermond finding himself unable to resist this mighty Force and the rather because he perceived his Subjects began to stagger in their Loyalty Stainhurst 82. which it seems was calculated for his Good Fortune only applyed himself to Fitz-Stephens and nakedly represented the Case to him and told him That unless he stuck firmly to him
the King appointed no small Provision was made for so eager a Combat as that was presupposed to have been But when the prefixed Day approached near Vescie turning his great Boast to small Roast began to cry Creak and secretly sailed into France King Edward thereof advertised bestowed Vescies Lordships of Kildare and Rathingan on the Baron of Ophaly saying That albeit Vescie conveyed his Person into France yet he left his Lands behind him in Ireland Mr. Pryn makes an Observation on this Case Pryn 259. as if an Appeal between Vescie and Fitz-Girald in Ireland had been adjourned to England But to make the Remark useful it is necessary not only to consider what he says but also to consult the Records which he cites William Hay 1294. Lord Deputy to whom a Writ was sent to admit Thomas Saintleger Bishop of Meath to be of the Privy Council And not long after John Fitz-Thomas return'd to Ireland big with Glory and Success which transported him to a Contempt of all his Opposers he began with Richard Burk Cambdens Ann. Earl of Vlster whom together with William Burk he took Prisoners in Meath by the assistance of John Delamere and confined them to the Castle of Ley. But he had not so good luck in Kildare which was made the Seat of the War so that between the English and Irish it was entirely wasted the Castle of Kildare was also taken and the Records of that County burnt by Calwagh Brother to the King of Ophaly And these Misfortunes were accompanied with great Dearth and Pestilence William Dodingzel Lord Justice found Work enough to struggle with these Difficulties and the rather because John Fitz-Thomas appeared again with a great Army in Meath But the Parliament soon after met at Kilkenny 1294. and obliged him to release the Earl of Vlster taking his two Sons Hostages for him And it seems that this did not satisfie the Complainants but that they impeached him at the Parliament in England Lib. GGG 23 E. 1. for divers Offences and Felonies done in Ireland Lambeth He protested he could clear himself by Law but because he would not Prin 259. cum ipso Domino Rege placitare he submits himself wholly to the King's Favour 1295. into which he was received upon Pledges for his future demeanour and 't is probable he was also obliged to release his Claim to the Castle of Sligo and other his Lands in Connaught which was the Occasion of all this Stir About Easter the King built the Castle of Beaumorris in Wales 1295. for the better security of a Passage to and from Ireland And about the same time Bishop Vsher's life 34. the King required Aid to marry his Sister to the Emperour and such as did contribute thereunto are mentioned in the Pipe-Rolls of the Exchequer In the mean time on the third Day of April the Lord Justice died and during the Interval of Government the Irish made use of the Opportunity and wasted great part of Leinster burnt Newcastle and many other Towns But at length the Council chose Thomas Fitz-Maurice Fitz-Girald Lord Justice he was nicknamed Nappagh Simiacus or the Ape because when his Father and Grand-Father were murdered Frier Russel M. S. at Calan the Servants on the news of it run out of the House as if distracted and left this Thomas in the Cradle whereupon an Ape which was kept in the House took up the Child and carried him to the top of the Castle of Traly and brought him down Safe and laid him in the Cradle to the admiration of all the Beholders This Lord Justice was Father of the first Earl of Desmond and was so great a Man that he is often styled Prince and Ruler of Munster But it seems he supplyed the Place of Lord Justice but a very short time for John Wogan 1295. Lord Justice arrived from England on the eighteenth of October He made a Truce for two Years between the Burks and the Giraldines and received a Writ to take the Fealty of the Abbot of Owny in the County of Limerick and having called a Parliament which it seems setled Matters to his Mind he went with a smart Party to aid the King in Scotland His Majesty nobly feasted them at Roxborough Castle and they in requital did the King very good Service But that you may see what sort of Parliaments were in Ireland in those Days I will present the Reader with a List of this Parliament Richard de Burgo Earl ofVlster Geofry de Genevil John Fitz-Thomas afterwards Earl of Kildare Thomas Fitz-Maurice Nappagh Theobald le Butler Theobald de Verdun Peter de Brimingham of Athenry Peter de Brimingham of Thetmoy Eustace de Poer John de Poer Hugh de Purcel John de Cogan John de Barry William de Barry Walter de Lacy. Richard de Excester John Pipard Water L'enfant Jordan de Exon. Adam de Stanton Symon de Phipo William Cadel John en Val. Morris de Carew George de la Roch. Maurice de Rochfort Maurice Fitz-Thomas of Kerry William de Ross 1296. Prior of Kilmainham was left Lord Deputy to Wogan but either the Irish did not fear him being a Clergyman or they thought this a time of Advantage whilst the Lord Justice and many of the Nobility and best Soldiers were in Scotland and therefore to improve it as they were used to do they rose in Rebellion in several Places Those of Slewmargy burnt Leighlin and other Towns 1297. But O Hanlon and Mac Mahon met with more Opposition in Vrgile for they were both slain John Wogan 1298. Lord Justice returned again from Scotland in October and throughly reconciled the Burks and the Giraldines and kept every thing so quiet that we hear of no Trouble in a great while except some Disturbance the Irish gave to the Lord Theobald de Verdun in attacking his Castle of Roch. Pollard Mony was now decryed both in England and Ireland 1300. and the King did again enter Scotland and sent to Ireland for Aid and wrote not only to the Lord Justice but also sent particular Letters to every one of the Nobility to attend him Whereupon the Lord Justice accompanied by John Fitz-Thomas Peirce Brimingham and many others made a second Expedition into Scotland with good Success In the mean time part of the City of Dublin and particularly S. Warberg's Church was burnt on S. Colme's Eve and the Irish were again at their usual Pranks taking Advantage of the Lord Justices absence who I suppose did again depute William de Ross and in Winter assaulted and burnt Wicklow and Rathdan 1301. but they were well paid for their pains and in Lent had been ruin'd but for the Dissention and Discord of the English and in the Harvest before some of the Irish also had their share of Civil Discord for they fell out amongst themselves so that the O Phelims and O Tools slew three hundred of the Birns
to defend the Realm against the Scots was sent for to England and Sir Theobald de Verdon was made Lord Constable or Justice of Ireland Prin 259. 31 Dec. 1314. In whose time the King sent John de Hothum Clerk into Ireland to treat with the great Men there about the Kings Affairs and by him sent Writs in the Nature of Letters of Credence to Richard Earl of Vlster and all the rest of the Nobility by Name and a general Writ or Letter to the Lord Justice and the great Officers of State to the same effect Ibid. 260. and another Writ to assist him and to summon the Nobility to a general Meeting that Hothum might communicate the Kings Pleasure unto them He also sent Writs to the Lord Justice the Earl of Vlster and several other great Men to attend his Parliament in England and to appoint a sufficient Deputy or Keeper of Ireland till their Return Prin 261. And because the Words Vestrumque Concilium impensuri are omitted Mr. Prin observes rightly that these Irish Lords went as Commissioners or Agents from Ireland to inform the King and Parliament of the state of Affairs there and did not go to serve in Parliament as my Lord Cooke would have it 4 Inst 350. I do not find whether the Lord Justice went or not nor if he did what Deputy or Keeper of Ireland was appointed in his room but whoever had it did not keep the Office long for on the 27th of Febr. Sir Edmond Butler Frag. 5. 1315. Lord Justice returned and soon after viz. on the 25th of May 1315 Edward Bruce and six thousand Scots Landed near Carigfergus in Vlster with them joyned several of the Irish and together they marcht to Dundalk which they took and burnt on the 29th of June they also spoil'd Vrgile and drove most of the English out of Vlster To oppose them an Army was rais'd which rendezvouz'd at Dundalk July 22. But whether it were that the Scots were retired or that the English Commanders could not agree the Lord Justice return'd to Dublin and left the Earl of Vlster to pursue the Scots with whom that Earl had a Battel near Colrain Camb. 169. on the 10th of September and was defeated and many of the English slain and William Burk John Stanton and others were taken Prisoners This great Loss could not be recompensed with the slaughter of forty Scots which was performed by some English Mariners and therefore Bruce to follow his Blow caused his Army to besiege Carigfergus Septem 15. and sends his Brother William Bruce into Scotland for a Supply 1315. In the mean time the Irish every where insult over the unfortunate English and generally rebel throughout Vlster and Connaught they burnt Athloan October and Randan and Cathol Roe O Connor razed three Castles of the Earl of Vlster's in Connaught In November following the English under Roger Mortimer 1315. had another Battel with the Scots at Kenlis in Meath and were routed with great Slaughter by the Treachery of the Lacies Hereupon Bruce burnt Kenlis Granard Finagh and Newcastle and came to Loghsendy where he kept his Christmas and afterwards also burnt it thence he marched through the County of Kildare unto Rathingan Kildare Castle-Dermond Athy Raban and Sketheris where the Lord Justice accompanied by the Lord John Fitz-Thomas and many others encountred him on the 26th of January and was defeated by reason of some unhappy Fewds and Misunderstandings in the English Army Hereupon the Irish of Munster and Leinster rose in Rebellion and the Birns Tools and Moors burnt the Countrey from Arclow to Leix but the Lord Justice gave them a Rebuke and brought fourscore of their Heads to the Castle of Dublin Ireland being in so tottering a condition the King sent Sir John Hotham over again to take the Oaths and Hostages of the Nobility and Gentry that still remained loyal which was accordingly performed by the Lord John Fitz-Thomas afterwards Earl of Kildare Cambd. 171. Richard de Clare Maurice afterwards Earl of Desmond Thomas Fitz-John Poer Arnold le Poer Febr. 4. Maurice Rochford David and Miles de la Roch and many others 1315. And now both Armies were early abroad The Scots having burnt the Castle and Church of Ley did on the 14th of February rendezvouz at Geashil as the English did the same day at Kildare But the Scots for want of Provision were forced to return to Vlster nevertheless in their way they took Northburgh Castle and then sate down in their Quarters to that degree of quietness that Bruce kept Court and held Pleas there as if it were in times of the most profound Peace For the English Army had work enough nearer home and therefore the Lord Justice on the Scots retreat did likewise return to Dublin and there summoned a Parliament or general Assembly which reconciled some great Men then at odds cleared Walter Lacy of the Treachery imputed to him and established the Measures of carrying on the War And it was wisely done to begin with the Moroughs Tools and other Mountaineers of the County of Wicklow because they daily infested the City of Dublin and had destroyed both the Town and Country of Wicklow and because the Army was not strong enough to secure the City and at the same time to pursue the Scots 1316. the Success justified their Conduct for in April the Tories were defeated However the Scots were not so much neglected but that the Lord Thomas Mandevil was appointed to have an eye to them but he could but skirmish with them which he did valiantly Camb. 172. and kill'd Thirty Scots in one Encounter and was himself slain in another But Bruce came over with fresh Supplies from Scotland and so despised the small force of the English that in May he caused himself to be Crowned King at Dundalk 1316. and thereupon grew so insolent that he spared neither Churches nor Abbeys Women or Children found no Mercy at his hands but on the contrary he destroyed all that opposed him or that belonged to the English and he burnt great part of the Countrey as the Irish did the Church of Athird It was high time to encourage the English to their defence and the defence of the Kingdom and therefore as well to reward for Services past 1316. as to engage them for the time to come Selden 838. says Kildare's Patent is the ancientest Form of Creation he had seen the Lord Justice was made Earl of Carrick and John Fitz-Thomas was made Earl of Kildare May 14. 9 Ed. 2. and others received other Favours from the King The Burks and Geraldines were reconciled and every one in his station set himself manfully to the preservation of the Kingdom Richard de Clare and Bremingham had the better of the Irish in Connaught and slew many of them and about Whitsontide made a Sally into Munster and kill'd three hundred Irish there and the
Lord Justice was not less active in Leinster for he defeated O Morrough at Bally lethan and made a great Slaughter of the Rebels at Tristle Dermond and slew about four hundred of the Irish of Omayle There is a Writ in Mr. Prin's Animadversions on the 4th Institute Prin 261. too long to be here recited whereby it appears That an Englishman was punishable by Death for Killing Burning Theft or Robbery committed against an Englishman but an Irishman was only punishable at the discretion of the Brehon for Theft or Robbery of an Englishman but that in time the chief Governors did commute the punishment of any Felony even Murder of an Englishman for Money and thereby Witnesses were discouraged to testifie the Truth lest the surviving Felon might revenge it Therefore the Writ requires to assemble the Lords and COMMONS to advise c. In the same Writ is mentioned that the Irish petitioned for an Annual Parliament and because it is certain there were not Parliaments every year even in this Kings Reign Prin 263. Mr. Prin conceives that my Lord Cooke mistook that Petition for an Order for an Irish Annual Parliament which he says was at this time made but the Manuscripts M. and GGG at Lambeth 4 Insl 350. do agree with my Lord Cooke that there was such an Order But let us return to Bruce who on Midsummer-Day summoned Carigfergus and though eight Ships were sent thither from Tredagh yet the Garrison were reduced to the extremity of eating Leather and of feeding on eight Scots who were their Prisoners and so were at length forced by Famine to surrender in the latter end of August Nor did better News come from Connaught where O Connor defeated a Party of the English and slew the Lord Stephen of Exester Miles Cogan and eighty of the Barryes and Lawleys But this Misfortune was not long unrevenged Frag. 6. for on the fourth Day of August William de Burgo and Richard de Bremingham encountred Fylemy O Connor King of Connaught and a numerous Army of Irish near Athenry with prodigious Success for they slew the King of Connaught and eight thousand of his Men Aug. 1316. The Valour of Hussy a Butcher of Athenry was very remarkable on this Occasion for he fought with O Kelly and his Squire together and slew them both for which he was knighted and is Ancestor of the reputed Barons of Galtrim They say Athenry was walled with the Plunder of this Battle Cambd. 172. and that the brave Brimingham was made Baron of Athenry for this noble Service and his Heir is now the first Baron in Ireland About the same time viz. in August 1316. O Hanlon came for Contribution to Dundalk but the Townsmen under Robert Verdon who lost his Life in the Service entertained them so valiantly that O Hanlon was forced to leave two hundred of his Followers behind him About the end of August died the Noble Earl of Kildare Ibid. 173. and was succeeded by his Son Thomas On the fourteenth of September Ibid. Burk and Briminghan got another Victory in Conaught and slew five hundred Irish and their Captains Connor and the Mac Kelly and in the latter end of October John Loggan and Hugh Bisset routed the Scots in Vlster and slew one hundred with double Armour and two hundred with single Armour besides many of their naked Followers and sent Prisoners to Dublin Sir Alen Stewart Sir John Sandale Ibid. and other Scotchmen In December the Lacies procured themselves to be Indicted and Acquitted of introducing the Scots into Ireland and then had the King's Charter of Pardon Ibid. whereupon they renewed their Oath of Fealty and took the Sacrament to corroborate the same The Scots being joyned with the Irish of Vlster gathered a numerous Army computed to be near twenty thousand Men and in Lent they marched as far as Slane destroying the Country as they went The Earl of Vlster was then at S. Mary Abbey near Dublin but some Misunderstanding hapning between him and the Citizens 1316. Robert Notingham then Mayor of Dublin caused the Earl to be imprisoned in the Castle of Dublin and in the Fray seven of the Earl's Servants were slain and the Abby was spoiled and some of it burnt Hereupon Bruce marched toward Dublin Febr. 24. and took the Castle of Knock and the Lord Hugh Tyrrel in it who with his Wife were afterwards ransomed for a piece of Mony The Dublinians burnt the Suburbs to secure the City some Churches were destroyed in this Hurry and the Cathedral of S. Patricks did not escape But Bruce understanding the City was well walled and that the Citizens resolved to defend it he turned aside to the Naas being conducted and advised by Lacy notwithstanding his aforesaid Oath At the Naas they staid two Days spoiled the Churches opened the Tombs to search for Treasure and at last burnt the Town and thence marched to Castledermot Gauran and Callan destroying the Country as they went And what better could be expected when the King's Authority was so little regarded in Ireland that his Writ to bail the Earl of Vlster was disobeyed by the Mayor of Dublin Some of the Vlster-Men pretended an Aversion against the Scots Camb. 174. and desired Aid and Commission from the King they had the Commission at last and the King's Standard was delivered to them but they did more harm with it than the Scots had done they so behaved themselves if you believe my Author that they purchased the Curse of God and Man Bruce marched near Limerick to Kenlis in Ossory and about Palmsunday he came to Cashel and thence marched to Nenagh wasting all the Lord Justice's Estate in the Counties of Kilkenny and Typerary In the mean time the English Lords were Assembled at Kilkenny Davis 169. says Desmond was General and had gathered a numerous Army consisting of all sorts of thirty thousand Men and under the Conduct of the Lord Justice and Earl of Kildare designed to pursue the Scots 1317. when on Thursday in Easter-week there arrived at Youghal Roger Mortimer Lord Justice cum triginta octo Militibus who immediately sent word to the English Generals not to fight till he came but Bruce upon notice of his Arrival marcht toward Kildare and so to Naas and tho' he lurkt almost a week in the Woods near Trim to refresh his Men yet afterwards he made such haste that in the beginning of May he got into Vlster The Lord Justice seeing Bruce had retreated suffered his voluntary Army which the Irish call a rising out to return to their own homes the better to refresh themselves till a new Summons and went himself to Dublin and with the Lord Wogan Sir Fulk Warren and thirty Knights more he held a Parliament at Kilmainham where the deliverance of the Earl of Vlster was the chief thing treated of and it was at last effected at a second Meeting of the Parliament about
annexed to the Crown But two of the Burks seized upon most part of the Estate and divided it between them and knowing they could not hold it by the Law of England they confederated with the Irish and changed their Language Apparel Customs and Manners Nay their very Names were altered into those of Mac William Eighter and Mac William Oughter and by these means they have made a shift to keep some part of that mighty Estate for many score years The Lord Justice to revenge the Murder of the Earl of Vlster which made a great noise in Ireland call'd a Parliament by whose advice he went by Sea to Carigfergus on the first of July and by help of the Country People he destroyed the Murderers and their Abettors and thence with his Army he sailed into Scotland where he did very good Service But the Parliament sitting in England Cottons Rec. the 15th of March it was there resolved That because the Kings Affairs required him in France his Irish Voyage should be postpon'd for a year so as Aid might be sent in the mean time but it seems that the Scots so allarm'd him in the North that he performed neither the one nor the other Voyage And though both Houses apart advised the King to send Supplies of Men and Money to Ireland and gave him one Disme and one Fifteenth to that purpose yet I do not find that any considerable Recruits were sent thither but instead of that a Commission was sent to treat with the Rebels Prin 270. Whilst the Lord Justice was beyond Seas the Government was managed by Thomas de Burgh Lord Treasurer but it was not long before Darcy return'd with honour and releas'd Walter de Birmingham out of Prison in February following and soon after Sir Simon Archdeacon and others were slain by the Irish in Leinster Ibid. And the young Lord Roch prevail'd with the King to reduce to ten pounds a Fine of two hundred Marks impos'd on his Father for absenting himself from the Parliaments of 20 Edw. 2. and 2 Edw. 3. to both which he was summoned Maurice Fitz-Girald broke his Leg by a Fall from his Horse and was thereby hindred from repairing to England as he had promised and designed 1335. but now being recovered he went thither and was well received by the King and created Earl of Desmond 1336. 9 Ed. 3. On the 9th of August the English gave the Irishmen a great Defeat in Connaught Campion 88. and with the loss of one man slew ten thousand of their enemies and not long after the Lord Justice was removed and Sir John Charleton came over Lord Justice 1337. and brought with him his Brother Thomas Bishop of Hereford Lord Chancellor John Rice or ap Rees Lord Treasurer and two hundred Welsh Soldiers he called a Parliament at Dublin to which the Archbishop of Armagh designed to come Pryn. 409. and in order to it made great Preparations at S. Mary Abby but the Archbishop of Dublin would not permit him to advance his Cross in that Diocess till the King sent his Writs as well to the Archbishop as to the Corporation of Dublin not to molest the Primate Thomas Charleton 1338. Bishop of Hereford Governour of Ireland he caused Sir Eustace Poer and Sir John Poer to be imprisoned in the Castle of Dublin on the third Day of February And this Winter there was so great Frost and Snow from the second Day of December to the tenth Day of February that they Plaid Danced and roasted Fish on the Ice upon the River of Liffy And now again 1339. were all the Irish in Arms especially in Munster but the Earl of Desmond so well managed Matters there that he slew one thousand two hundred Men in Kerry and took Nicholas Fitz-Maurice Lord of Kerry Prisoner and kept him in Durance till he died Cambden 187. because he had joyned with the Irish against the King and the Earl Nor had the Earl of Kildare worse Success in Leinster for he pursued the O Dempsies so close that many of them were drowned in the River Barrow and the greatest Booty that ever was taken in that Country was brought by the Lord Justice and the English from Idrone in the County of Caterlogh about the latter end of February and in April following the Lord Justice being sent for to England resigned to Roger Outlaw 1340. Prior of Kilmainham Lord Justice he died the February following and by the Kings Patent constituted John Lord Darcy L. Justice during Life but he came not afterwards into Ireland but in May following sent over Sir John Morris 1341. Lord Deputy to whom the Inhabitants of Ireland did not pay that respect which was due to his Character for the English Irish were how grown so proud that they disdain'd to be under the authority of a Knight And therefore to mortifie them it was resolved to make a general Resumption of all Lands Liberties Signiories and Jurisdictions which this King or his Father had granted in Ireland QVia plures excessivae Donationes Terrarum Tenement 15 E. 3. m. 14 Libertatum in Terra Hibern ad minus veracem subdolem suggestionem potentium quam per Ed. 2. quam per Regem nunâ— facta sunt c. Rex delusorias hujusmodi Machinationes volens elidere de concilio peritorum sibi assistent omnes donationes Terrarum Tenement Libertat praedict duxit 〈◊〉 c. quousque de meritis personarum ac de causis conditionibus donationum praedict fuerit informat ideo Mandâ—â— est Justiâ— regni Hibern quod omnia Terras Ienementa c. praedict perdict Reges Justic aut locum tenentes suos quibuscunque personis fact seisire facias c. It cannot be expressed what Fewds Davis 138. that it was by good advice Heart-burnings and Dissatisfactions this one unadvised Act did create it was the rise and occasion of a distinction between the English of Blood and the English of Birth which had like to be fatal to the whole Kingdom Pryn. 272. all the old English were disobliged by this procedure and without their assistance the King could not keep much less enlarge his Interest in Ireland To qualifie this Matter and to allay these Heats 1342. a Parliament was summoned to meet at Dublin in October but the Earl of Desmond and other Great Men of that Faction openly refused to come and on the contrary they confederated with the Corporations and some Cities and the rest of the Male-contents and without consulting the Government they appointed a General Assembly at Kilkenny in November following and there they did accordingly meet and the Lord Justice had not Power to hinder them nor did he dare to come to them This Assembly sent Messengers to the King with their Complaints couched in these three Queries I. How a Realm of War could be governed by a Man unskilful in all war-like Service II. How an
pain of loss of Life Lands and Goods that never any of them do make War upon another without Licence or Commandment of you my Lord Deputy and the Kings Council for the utter destruction of these parts is that only cause and once all the Irishmen and the Kings Enemies were driven into a great Vally called Glanehought betwixt two great Mountains called Maccorte or the Leprous Island and there they lived long and many years with their White-Meat till at the last these English Lords fell at variance among themselves and then the weakest part took certain Irishmen to take his part and so vanquished his Enemy and thus fell the English Lords at variance among themselves till the Irishmen were stronger than they and drave them away and now have the whole Country under them but that the Lord Roch the Lord Courcy and the Lord Barry only remain with the least part of their Ancestors Possessions and young Barry is there upon the Kings Portion paying his Grace never a penny of Rent wherefore We the Kings poor Subjects of the City of Cork Kinsale and Youghal desire your Lordship to send hither two good Justices to see this Matter ordered and some English Captains with twenty Englishmen that may be Captains over us all and we will rise with them to redress these Enormities all at our own Costs and if you do not we be all cast away and then farewel Munster for ever and if you will not come nor send we will send over to our Liege Lord the King and complain on you all However I will not pretend to be exact in the timing of this Letter This Lord Lieutenant had a Son born at Dublin well known afterwards by the Name of George Duke of Clarence to whom the Earls of Ormond and Desmond were Godfathers and thereupon Desmond grew so insolent and haughty that his Oppressions were the chief Cause of the aforesaid Letter from Cork but it is probable that the Lord Lieutenant return'd to England and left James Earl of Ormond afterward Earl of Wiltshire 1451. and Lord Treasurer of England Lord Deputy in whose time Sir John Talbot was made Lord Chancellor of Ireland and it seems Complaint was made against him because he put in a Deputy in his room absque Regis licentia Lib. CCC This Lord Deputy was made Lord Lieutenant and went for England leaving John Mey Archbishop of Armagh Lord Deputy 1453. wherewith the Government of England being dissatisfied a Writ was sent to the Earl of Ormond commanding him Quod circa praemissis intenderet I suppose the Reason might be because there was a Necessity for the Presence of a Military Governour of Power and Authority in that Kingdom to repel the daily Incursions of the Irish into the Pale and therefore Ormond not being willing to come over the Government was committed to Thomas Earl of Kildare 1454. Lord Deputy who held it only until the arrival of Sir Edward Fitz-Eustace Lord Deputy to the Duke of York Who held a Parliament in Dublin at which it was enacted I. That all Statutes against Provisors in England or Ireland should be held in Force II. That Inquests before Coroners shall be discharged after a second Verdict that they do not know the Felon III. That no Appeals shall be to England except for Treason against the King's Person and in all false Appeals the Plaintif shall pay Damages and twenty Pound and one hundred Shillings Fine In the mean time the Duke of York in England obtained a famous Victory over the King's Forces at S. Albans where the Duke of Somerset was slain and the King himself was wounded in the Neck and afterwards on the ninth of July he was made Protector of the King's Person by Parliament And in Ireland Thomas Earl of Kildare was Lord Deputy to the Duke of York 1455. and held a Parliament at Dublin wherein it was enacted I. That no Exigents nor Outlawries be made by Commissioners II. That the Recorder of Dublin and Drogheda shall have but two Pence for every Plaint III. That every Man shall answer for his Sons and waged Men. IV. An Act about Escheators V. That a Parliament should be held every Year And he held another Parliament at the Naas Lib. M. 48. Friday after All Saints which enacted I. That all Strangers pay forty Pence per Pound Custom for transporting Silver II. That every Man shall answer for his Sons except in Cases Capital III. That no Person not amesnable to Law shall distrain without Licence on pain of forfeiting his Title And he held another Parliament at Dublin Friday after the Purification at which it was established I. That Beneficed Persons should reside II. That the Inhabitants to enclose the Village might remove the High-way forty Perch Richard Duke of York 1459. upon the Revolt of Andrew Trollop and the Callicians broke up his Army and fled first to Wales and afterwards to Ireland where he was kindly received and by his Deputy the Earl of Kildare he held a Parliament at Dublin the third of February which enacted That Warrants to the Chancellor bear the Date of the Delivery and that the Patents be of the same Date or else be void And the same Day twelve month he held another Parliament at Drogheda 1460. wherein it was enacted That no Man should sue in the Exchequer but a Minister of that Court on pain of ten Pound This Duke and his Abettors were in a Parliament at Coventry declared Traytors and thereupon the Earl of March came to his Father into Ireland and soon after returned to Calice and thence invaded England at Sandwich and on the ninth of July he fought and defeated the King at Northampton and took him Prisoner whereupon the Duke of York went to England and called a Parliament in the King's Name and in that Parliament boldly claimed his Title and so it was enacted That King Henry should keep the Crown during his Life and the Duke should be declared Heir apparent and in case of Opposition or farther Bustle about it should have present Possession But not long after the Duke was defeated and slain at the Battle of Wakefield This Duke behaved himself exceeding well in Ireland he appeased the Tumults there and erected Castles on the Borders of Louth Meath and Kildare to stop the Irish Incursions and was so well esteemed in that Kingdom that Multitudes of the Irish Subjects attended him into England to pursue his Claim to the Crown Nevertheless the Publick Revenue was but very low because the whole Kingdom was in Possession of the Irish except the Pale and some few Places on the Sea-Coast in Vlster and even that was so far from being quiet that they were fain to buy their Peace by yearly Pensions to the Irish and to pay Tribute and Contributions to them for Protection which nevertheless was but very ill observed to the English It cannot be expected I should give the Reader an exact
the Irish are amesnable to Law and have the Benefit of it and not long after a Commission of Martial Law and of conferring Knighthood was sent to the Lord Lieutenant and he was ordered to Knight O Neal and other Irish Potentates and the King sent a Collar of Gold to O Neal and ordered the Lord Lieutenant to prevail with them if possible to visit the King and Court of England in hopes to inure him to Civility and a regular way of Living and the same Letter orders Surry to propose a Match between the Earl of Ormond's Son and Sir Thomas Bullen's Daughter In the mean time the Earl of Kildare was set at liberty on Bail his Adversaries not being able to prove any thing to the purpose against him and soon after he was received into Favour and attended the King into France and was present at the Interview of both Kings near Calice Maurice Fitz-Thomas of Lackagh was basely murdered by the O Moors in Leix and Maurice Earl of Desmond being dead his Son and Successor James soon after met the Lieutenant at Waterford where the Earls of Ormond and Desmond by his means were reconciled and mutually perfected Indentures of Agreement and gave Hostages for the performance of them The Earl of Surry was brisk upon the Birns 1521. and in October drove them from place to place into their Fastnesses and lurking holes which gave Quiet to the rest of the Pale and it had need of it for by the wetness of the Harvest Corn became very scarce This Lieutenant was resolved to make the Army serviceable and as an instance of his Discipline he disbanded Sir John Bulmer's Troop for their Inexperience or Cowardize Surry calls a Parliament which met at Dublin the fourth of June and Enacted many good Laws viz. 1. That wilful Burning of Houses or Reeks of Corn be Treason 2. That the Transporter of Wool or Flocks shall forfeit double Value 3. Because there are but few Free-holders in the four Shires where the King's Law is used therefore he that has ten Marks per annum may be Juror in Attaint This Parliament ended after several Prorogations the twenty first of May 1522 and not in March as it is in Sir James Ware 's Annals 102. Whilst Surry was at Dinner in the Castle of Dublin News was brought him that the O Mores who had confederated with the O Conners O Carol and other Irish against the English which they counted the common Enemy were on the Borders of the Pale wherefore as well to repel them as to revenge the aforesaid Murder of Maurice Fitz-Thomas the Lord Lieutenant accompanied with the Mayor of Dublin and a choice Band of Citizens and several of the Nobility and their Attendants invaded Leix which is a Country full of Woods and Bogs The Irish divided their Forces into several Parties and having Intelligence that the Carriages and Baggage of the Army was slenderly guarded they took their opportunity to attack that part and did it so briskly that several of the Lord Lieutenant's Soldiers fled but the Valour of Patrick Fitz-Simons is recorded by the Historian to have preserved that necessary Concern of the Army and to have cut off and brought to the Mayor's Tent two of the Rebels Heads Nor perhaps had so small a thing been known to the Lord Lieutenant or recorded in History but by the means of Fitz-Simons's his Enemies for the cowardly Soldiers that fled laid the blame on Fitz-Simons who to justifie himself produced the two Heads and retorted the Crime of Cowardise upon his Accusers and so obtained both Reward and Honour by a great but frequent Providence of Divine Justice that turns even the Malice of our Enemies to our Advantage It must be observed That in these Irish Wars it was harder to find the Enemy than conquer them O More 's Army that was just now in a Body formidable to the Pale is now divided into small Parties and those sculking in thick Woods and deep Bogs Whilst the Lord Lieutenant marched through these Wildernesses a Rebel that lay in Ambush on the side of a Wood shot at him and struck the Vizor off his Helmet but did not hurt him Much ado they had to find the stubborn Tory but at last they got him and Fitz-Williams and Bedlow were forced to hew him to piecs for he would not yield This Accident manifested the Danger of the March and turned their Arms into Offaly where they besieged Monaster-pheoris but after a Day or two the Garrison frightned with the great Guns ran a way by Night So Surry left a Garrison there and burnt the Country till the twenty third of July But O Conner had not only removed the Corn and Cattle beforehand to deprive the English of Sustenance and Prey but very wisely invaded Meath hoping by that Diversion to preserve his Country But whether Surry's Expedition and Intelligence occasioned it or that the Rebels designed to fight him it matters not since it is certain that they met Ware 's Annals 104. and that whatever they resolved or bragged of beforehand when it came to the Tryal their Hearts failed them and Surry got a Victory almost without Blow and made great Slaughter in the Pursuit his only Loss being the valiant Lord of Dunsany who probably was too eager in the the Chase of the Rebels O Carol pretended that the Earl of Kildare had instigated him to this Rebellion However as Surry phrases it in his Letter to the King he made Peace with the King and his Lieutenant and gave his Son and Brother Hostages for the performance of it In the mean time Cardinal Wolsy who was Legate de latere in England sent over Bulls and Dispensations into Ireland by his Factor and Register John Allen Lib. CCC but it seems they did not turn to account for Allen in his Letter to the Cardinal complains they went off but slowly because the Irish had so little sense of Religion that they married within the Levitical Degrees without Dispensations and also because they questioned his Grace's Authority in Ireland especially out of the Pale O Donel was lately returned from Rome and by Letters and Messages promised great Matters as well from his own People as the Scottish Islanders if he might be received into Favour Ibid. wherewith the Lord Lieutenant was so wheedled that he not only granted his Pardon but highly commended his Loyalty in a Letter to the King And in confidence of O Donel's Integrity the Lord Lieutenant accompanied by O Neal and four hundred Horse four hundred Gallowglasses and eight hundred Kerne undertook an Expedition into Maâ— Mlaghlins Country but O Donel most perfidiously took the Opportunity of O Neal's Absence to invade him and Mac Genis and burnt seventeen Villages in their Countries and took considerable Preys whereupon O Neal was forced to return and Surry's Expedition was Fruitless This Lord Lieutenant wrote a notable Letter to the King on the thirtieth of June Lib.
Portcorn that matter be likewise amended next Parliament VI. To Report to the Queen the Quality and Merit of those that have acted or suffered for her and the Quantity of the Reward fit to be given them out of the forfeited Lands and under what Covenants and Reservations and She thinks it better to give it to their younger Sons than themsevles to increase the number of Freeholders VII To the same Effect VIII To lessen or dissolve the Pensions and gratify the Parties with Portions of forfeited Lands certifying the Value and Condition of the same IX To grant no more Land to any Man than he shall be able to People X. To renew and observe the Directions to former Deputies in all things that are not contradicted hereby XI Because the Tenants of the Crown are disabled by the Rebellions of James Fitz-Morris and Desmond to pay their Arrears to let them have new Leases for the Remainder of the Terms at the old Rent the fourth Part of which shall be paid in Beeves at 9 s. a piece or Corn at the rate of Port-Corn and for the Arrearages to give Instalments or to remit part or all as you shall find requisite XII To resume by Act of Parliament or on Composition with the Parties the Demeasnes and Conveniences of Her Houses and Castles of Dublin Killmamham Athloan Caterlagh Leighlin Monasterevan c. and to annex them inseperably to the respective Castles or Houses by Act of Parliament reserving the Ancient Rent XIII To do the like by any of the forfeited Lands that lie convenient for those Castles c. XIV To preserve the Woods on any forfeited Lands near any Navigable River for her use XV. That no Man Ecclesiastical or Civil that has any Function or Office be suffer'd to be absent from his Charge above two Months without special License on pain of Forfeiture XVI To enquire with the Council what Outrages have been done since March the 25th 1583. and how redressed who of Quality are Loyal Disloyal or Suspected and to send Her an Account of the true Estate of every Province in that Realm XVII To inquire into all the Jurisdictions and Irish-Chieferies Exactions Cuttings and Spendings which the Attainted Rebels enjoyed that She may retain them or by relinquishing them manifest to Her Subjects the easiness of Her Government and their Happiness under it XVIII That Commissions do not issue for every trivial Concern and that the Allowance to Commissioners be not as great and burdensome as formerly XIX That the Establishment for Conaugh be lessened and that Richard Bingham be Chief Commissioner of Conaugh XX. To place John Norris Esquire President of Munster with the same Allowance your self had when President there XXI To make Thomas Jones Bishop of Meath Norris Bingham and Thomas L'Estrange Esquire of the Privy Council XXII To place such an Arch-Bishop at Armagh now void as you and the Council think fit XXIII To certify Quarterly the whole Expence in Ireland and what is sent hence and what is received there to defray it And afterwards additional Instructions were sent to him as followeth I. To endeavour to ease Her Majesties Charge in Victualling the Army Lib. C. by getting Victuals in Ireland and to save the charge and hazard of Transportation II. To consider how a College may be Erected and St. Patrick's Church and the Revenue thereof may be appropriated thereunto and every Diocess by Act of Parliament be made Contributary out of the Leases of Impropriations III. To Name some that may be made Lord Barons IV. In the next Parliament to revive the Impost which has been expir'd these two years V. To endeavour the getting in of the Debts due to Her Majesty VI. To Discharge such of the Pensioners or to Reward them in forfeited Lands as you shall think fit VII To Prefer the Ancient Officers and Soldiers before new Comers VIII To take off the Wards and Garison from Fernes and Iniscorthy and other unnecessary places IX To repair the Forts of Leix and Offaly at as small Charge as may be and to prevail with the Inhabitants of the Country for whose Defence they are made to provide Carriage and Labourers and to render an Account of the Condition of those Countries and the Causes of it X. To recompence Edward Waterhouse for the voluntary Surrender of his Patent for maintenance of Boats over the Sheuin such Entertainment as you and the Council shall think fit XI To suffer no Man that was in the late Rebellions of what Quality soever to keep any other Arms than Sword and Dagger XII To encourage the Loyal and protect the pardon'd People of Munster and send your best Advice how Munster may be Repeopled The Lord Deputy spent 18 days in close Consultation with the Privy Council who were the Arch-Bishop of Dublin Chancellor Earl of Ormond Treasurer the Bishops of Armagh Meath and Killmore Sir John Norris Lord President of Munster Sir Henry Wallop Treasurer of Wars Sir Nicholas Bagnall Knight Marshal Robert Gardener Chief Justice Sir Robert Dillon Chief Justice of Common Banc Sir Lucas Dillon Chief Baron Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rolls Sir Richard Bingham Chief Commissioner of Connaugh Sir Henry Cowley Sir Edward Waterhouse Sir Thomas L'Estrange Sir Edward Brabazon Jeffery Fenton Secretary of State Warham Saint Leger and Sir Valentine Brown And as soon as he understood the true State of the Kingdom and had laid down the Measures of his Government he issued a Proclamation of Oblivion and Indemnity and then he sent the Earl of Desmond's Son James into England On the 15th of July The Lord Deputy began his Progress and came to Molingar the 16th and thence sent a Cypher to the Lord Chancellor and Sir Henry Wallop to Dublin whereby they might easily Decipher and understand his Letters which would be unintelligible to the Rebels if they should happen to intercept them thence he proceeded to Connaugh where he endeavoured to reconcile all the great Men of that Country and put to Death Donogh beg O Bryan a bloody Murtherer in this Journey he converted Fryer Malachias a Malone Brother to Mac William Eughter and from Gallway he came to Limerick where he received the News that the Scots to the number of 1000. in favour of Surleboy had invaded Vlster and he also intercepted O Neals Fosterer returning out of Munster from exciting the Irish Lords and Gentlemen there to a new Rebellion but tho this Messenger upon Examination confessed his Errand yet he assured the Deputy that all those he had gone to refused to Rise as long as Sir John Perrot and the Earl of Ormond whom they deemed just Men continued in the Kingdom Hereupon the Deputy took Pledges from those he most suspected and leaving the County of Cork to the Justices Walsh and Miagh the Sheriff Sir William Stanley and the Lords Barry and Roch Limerick to the Provost Marshal Desmond to the Earl of Clancar 1584. Sir Owen O Sullevan and O Sullevan more
this Contention was drown'd in 1618. upon which his Lady brought her young Son over from Ireland whither he had been carried at the Age of Three years and now he was about Nine She put him to a Private School under a Roman Catholick but by Order of King James he was removed to the Archbishop of Canterbury's Doctor Abbot and by him he was wholly maintain'd for Five or Six years without any Pension from Court or possibility of Help from home where all was sequestred and deprest By him also was he first instructed in the Protestant Religion and in the Doctrine of the Church of England unto which he stuck fast to his Death In 1628. his Grace was at Portsmouth to take Share in the Expedition then preparing for the Relief of Rochel but the sudden Death of the Duke of Buckingham put him upon other Measures for in a while after he married the Lady Elizabeth Preston which ended and reconciled the long Contentions of the Family This Lady was by the Marriage aforementioned the only Child of the said Earl of Desmond who being also lately drown'd she fell in Wardship to King Charles the First and His Majesty bestowed the Wardship upon the Earl of Holland then Lord Chamberlain She was intended for a Nephew of the Duke of Buckingham's which drew him into that Partiality and his Grace was in particular forbid by His Majesty to pretend unto His Ward However the young Lady saw none in the whole Court who either for Beauty or for Parts could outshine her Kinsman And Both being agreed he was forced to pay down Fifteen thousand Pounds to the said Earl of Holland for her Wardship These were all the Favours that either he or his Family could then meet with in the Court of England So hastning with his Lady to Acton near Bristol and there staying about a Year with his Uncle Sir Robert Poyntz he went for Ireland at the end of 1630. soon after which as the Manner there was he purchas'd a Troop of Horse in the Standing Army The Lord Wentworth afterwards Earl of Strafford went over Lord Deputy in 1633. In a while after he call'd a Parliament which being appointed to meet within the Castle of Dublin a Proclamation issued That none of the Members either Peers or Commons should enter with their Swords All obey'd the Order save this young Lord who told the Black Rod at the Door He should have no Sword of his except in his Guts So being the only Peer who sat that day in defiance of the Proclamation it fired the Lord Deputy as not wâ—nt to be disobey'd His Grace was call'd upon in the Evening to answer for it who thereupon shew'd His Majesty's Writ calling him to Parliament Cinctus cum gladio which sort of Answer being not expected and finding him like to prove an untractable Companion it was in deliberation that Night between the Lord Deputy and his Two-Friends Sir George Ratcliff and Mr. Wandesford Whether to trample him quite under foot or to oblige so daring a young Man who was now also grown very Popular But Sir George being for the more benign Extreme he was taken into Favour caress'd and made one of the Privy Council No Opportunities were from that time forward omitted to oblige him or set him forth in a high Character to His Majesty So that in the Year 1639 the Lord Lieutenant made him Lieutenant General of the Horse in the Army which was then newly rais'd but as soon disbanded Upon the neck of this the Earl of Strafford fell into those Troubles which in May 1640. hurried him to the Scaffold But the Earl having heard with what vigour his Grace contended to oppose and overthrow these Accusations which came against him from the Parliament of Ireland as it was the last Request this Earl made to His Majesty That he would be pleas'd to bestow his Blue Garter upon his Grace so in June following his Grace had notice of His Majesty's Gracious Intentions to confer it accordingly The Earl of Leicester was at this time appointed to be Lord Lieutenant of Ireland tho' by some Accidents he never went over It was on the 23d of October 1641. that the Rebellion broke out the News whereof being brought to His Majesty then in Scotland His Majesty does by Letter to his Grace from Edinborough of the 31th of the same Month lament that Calamity and desires and presses his Grace to take on him to be Lieutenant General of the Army This was in effect by Necessity thrown on him even before that Command cameâ— but in May 1642. it came to him in Form by Commission from the Earl of Leicester as General In August after His Majesty being at Nottingham where He set up His Standard sent his Grace a Patent for the Honor of Marquis and in September following His Majesty by the Advice and Consent of the Lords Justices appointed him to â—old the said Command of Lieutenant General immediately from Himself by Patent under the Broad Seal It was by these Steps that his Grace came suddenly to be embark'd in a Course of Life to which he was utterly a Stranger He had not had the Means for Travel or ever seen War either abroad or at home He was made a General before he was a Soldier His very first Essay was to oppose a bloody Rebellion then newly broke out And how far he was able by a vigorous Body and the vivacity of his Parts and a boundless Zeal for the Crown to discharge and sustain that Trust or how he bore up in all those Vicissitudes of Exaltation and Banishment of Plenty and of Want of Dignity and Depression which did in the Course of about Fifty Years after so often befal him may prove Matter for a larger Place The last who manag'd the Sword of State was the Marquis of Clanrickard who was also an English Peer and Earl of St. Albans He was the First Roman Catholick that had been entrusted with the Chief Government since the Reformation But the Irish were come to that pass as not to endure a Protestant to be over them and so this brave Gentleman was deputed by the Marquis of Ormond to take his Place And tho' his Religion was pleasing to the Irish yet the King's Authority wherewith he was clothed was by no means acceptable to them that design'd to shake off the Yoke of England and therefore they proved as troublesom and refractary to him as they had been before to the Lord Lieutenant So that after Two Years vexatious Agitation amongst them and after he had in vain tried all ways to support the sinking State he laid down Arms and had Liberty to retire into England where he died He was a Person of sound Understanding and unblemish'd Loyalty and did from the beginning abhor their Courses towards the English And altho' the Nuncio and the Clergy made frequent Trials to seduce him from his Integrity yet being evermore fixt in his Principles he resisted all
the same And that such of them that please to make new Surrenders of their Lands and Hereditaments may have the same accepted of them and inrolled in the said Court and thereupon new Letters Patents past unto them and their Heirs according to the true intent of our said Fathers Letters in that behalf paying the half Fees and that they and every of them may have such further Assurances for securing of their several Estates from all ancient Titles accrued to our Crown before Sixty years last past as shall be requisite and reasonably devised by their Counsel And We are pleased for their further Security that their several Estates shall be confirmed unto them and their Heirs against Us Our Heirs and Successors by an Act to be past in the next Parliament to be holden in Ireland to the end the same may never hereafter be brought into any further Question by Us Our Heirs and Successors In which Act of Parliament and Patents so to be past You are to take Care That all Our Tenures in Capite and Rents and Services as are now due or which ought to be answered to Us ont of the said Lands and Premises by Letters Patents past thereof since the First year of Henry the 8th or found by any Office taken from the First year of Henry the 8th until the 21st of July 1615. whereby Our late dear Father or any his Predecessors actually reserved any Profit by Wardship Liveries Primier Seissins mean Rates Ousterle Mains or Fines for Alienations without Licence be again reserved to Us Our Heirs and Successors And all the rest of the Premises to be holden of Our Castle of Athloane by Knights Service according to Our said late Fathers Letters notwithstanding any Tenures in Capite found for Us by Our Offices since the said 21st of July 1615. and not appearing in any such Letters Patents or Offices And You are likewise to set down Order that all Seisures and Injunctions issued And all Compositions Leases and Custodiums made and past of or for any of the said Lands not Granted upon the Tenures appearing in the said Letters Patents or Offices between the said First year of Henry the 8th and the said 21st of July 1615. shall be called in and to all Purposes made void so far as We are advantaged by the Tenure found in Capite and that no further proceeding hereafter be had upon any other Offices taken before the said 21st of July 1615 in which Act of Parliament and Grants Care is to be taken That Our Royal Composition due for all the Lands and Hereditaments in the aforesaid Province of Conaught and County of Clare may be saved And that it is Our Pleasure likewise that the Benefit of Our said Fathers Letters and the Act of State dated the 14th of May 1618 touching the Intrusions Alienations mean Profits c. of Lands in that Province be in all Points allowed to Our said Subjects XXVI The Undertakers of Ulster are to have their Estates confirmed upon a Fine of Thirty pound Sterling upon every thousand Acres in two half years time by equal Portions and upon doubling their Rents to be Charged only from the date of their Patents and for your further direction and more ample Authority therein a Commission shall be directed to you and others together with Instructions for passing Patents unto them accordingly And for declaring Our Royal Intention and Purpose in the same XXVII The Planters of Leytrim Longford and Ossery the King's County the Queens County and the County of Westmeath are to have two years time for performing their Conditions of Plantation and if by that time they perform them not they are to forfeit their Recognizances and in the mean time no Process to issue upon their Recognizances or Bonds XXVIII The Town of Athloane is to have Three years time allowed them from All-Hallontide next for performing all Conditions and Covenants for Buildings or otherwise and no advantages are to be taken against them for breach of Conditions and Covenants or forfeit of Recognizances already incurred concerning the same XXIX No General Summons of Grand Inquests are to issue out of Our Bench or any of Our Courts but a convenient number of able Freeholders is to be Summoned by the Sheriff for the Grand Inquest unless the Bayliff who had order to warn him declare upon his Oath That he warned him Personally or left sufficient warning at his House and the Fines and Amerciaments to be imposed upon them are to be according to Our late dear Fathers Printed Instructions And when the Grand Inquest is filled the rest of that Inquest are to have leave to depart unless there be other special Service and this Rule is to extend to the Assizes and Goal Delivery and Commissions of Oyer and Terminer XXX The taking of the Accusations and Testimony of Persons notoriously infamous Convicted of Treason or other Capital Offences for any Convincing Evidence to condemn any Subject is to be regulated according to the said Printed Instructions XXXI No Judges nor Commissioners shall bind over any Jurors to any Court whatsoever unless it be for very Apparent Suspicion of Corruption or Partiality XXXII Our Judges in every Court are to be very careful especially in the Causes of Poor Men That there be a speedy and direct Course of Justice with as little Charge as may be and that with due Observation of the said Printed Instructions XXXXIII But one Provost Marshal is to be in a Province because he hath a sufficient number of Horse in our Pay for the Execution of that place And the said Provost Marshal is to take no Money for Booking nor Cess his Horse or Foot without paying for it in such sort as is ordered for Our Soldiers And such as may be brought to Tryal of Law are not to be executed by the Marshal Except in time of War or Rebellion XXXIV We are Pleased for securing Our Subjects Estates at the next Parliament to be holden there to grant a General Pardon and then such other things are to be provided for as shall be found necessary for our Service and the good of that Commonwealth And Our Pleasure is That the Rate of the Subsidies of the Laity and Clergy and other Profits to be raised by the said Parliament be such as may bear the Charge of Our Army with the Assistance of Our Revenue to be spared for that Purpose The said Parliament is to begin the Third day of November next and all fitting Preparations are to be made accordingly XXXV The bestowing of Plurality of Benefices upon unqualified Persons who are unable or unworthy Ministers is to be forborn in time coming and such as are invested therein are to be compelled to keep Preaching and sufficient qualified Curates whereby God's Glory may be advanced Poor Scholars provided for and Encouragement given to Students to enable themselves for that High Function XXXVI No Assessment of Money for Robberies is to be allowed but upon Order of
the Eighteenth of May there was an Order of Reference to him in the Controversie between the City of Dublin and the Merchants-Strangers from whom that City demanded Three pence per Pound Custom And on the Eighteenth of July he got an Order to the Lord Willâ—ot 〈…〉 General of the Army in Ireland to surrender that Office to him He had also the King's Letter of the Sixteenth of October to the Lords Justices That the Port-â—orn and Tithes belonging to the Chief Governor should be given to his Servants And he also obtain'd his Majesty's Commission of the Seventeenth of October to levy what Forces he should think fit or find necessary and an Order of the same Date to be paid the Charge of such Journeys and Progresses as he should think fit to make And Matters being thus fitted to his mind THOMAS Viscount WENTWORTH was on the Twenty fifth day of July sworn Lord Deputy 1633. to whom the Bishop of Kilmore and two other Bishops and the Inhabitants of the County of Cavan sent a Petition Bishop Bedel's Life containing some Complaints against the Army and some Proposals for the Regulation of it which was very ill resented at that time and interpreted to be a Mutinous and Insolent Attempt and brought the Bishop of Kilmore who was supposed the Author and Promoter of it under his Excellency's Displeasure until that Prelate afterwards explain'd himself averring That he did not intend by lessening or discountenancing the Army to expose with the Publick Peace his own Neck to the Skeins of the Romish Cut-throats But the Contribution or Tax of 20000 l. per Annum to which the Country had consented for two Years was now almost expired so that it was necessary to call a Parliament wich met the Fourteenth day of July 1634. 1634. at Dublin and granted Six entire Subsidies but not without the opposition of some Papists one of which moved That the Matter concerning the Subsidies might be put off to another time and then be again considered of This Parliament also passed an Act for the Confirmation of Patents afterwards to be past on the * Dated 29 June 1634. Commission of Defective Titles and then was Prorogued to the Fourth day of November following At the same time there was also a Convocation of the Clergy and preparatory to it the Precedency of the Archbishop of Armagh before the Archbishop of Dublin was determin'd and setled by his Majesty's definitive Sentence And this Convocation to manifest their Agreement with the Church of England did receive the Thirty Nine â—â—â—â—cles of that Church into the Confession of Faith of the Church 〈◊〉 Ireland nevertheless without aâ—rogating any of the Canons of the Convocation held Anno 1615. And a New Book of Canons for the most part agreeing with that of England was then compiled for the better Government of the Church of Ireland By vertue of these Six Subsidies which amounted to above 240000 l. and were payable Half-yearly the Lord Deputy was enabled to pay a Debt of 80000 l. due from the Crown and to support the Charge of the Kingdom without any Supply of Money from England This Lord Deputy had formerly obtain'd his Majesty's Order of the Sixteenth of January 1633. for the free transportation of so many Horses and Mares out of England as he the Lord Deputy should give Licence for by which means he changed Five hundred Foot of the Army for Six hundred Horse which were extraordinary good ones his own Stables exceeding that of any former Governors And indeed generally the whole Army was neither so well paid nor so well disciplin'd in any other time as it was in his On the Twenty fourth of September 1634. the King reciting That King James had by his Commission of the Tenth of August 1603. renewed or revived the Court of Castle-chamber as himself likewise had done by his Commission of 5 October 1625. and that now some Disputes are arisen whether that Court can sit out of Term or more than twice a Week His Majesty Orders That it it may sit when and as often as the Commissioners please and that a new Commission issue to that Purpose And about this time Emerus Mac Mahon afterwards Titular Bishop of Clogher discovered to Sir George Ratcliff a Plot for a general Insurrection in Ireland and Confess'd that himself had been imploy'd for some years in foreign Courts to solicite Aid to carry on a Rebellion which it seems they thought fit to adjourn to a more proper Season But on the 14th of November the Parliament met according to the Prorogation and sate till the 14th of December and were then Prorogu'd to the 26th of January from which time they sate till the 21st day of March and then it was again Prorogu'd to the 24th day of the same Month and sate from thence to its Dissolution which was on the 18th day of April 1635. I need not mention the Acts made in these several Sessions of Parliament because they are many and are to be found at large in the Printed Book of Statutes it is enough to say That they cull'd out all the choice Statutes that were made in England since the 20th of Henry the 8th that were proper for the Kingdom of Ireland and added to them some good new Laws that were peculiar to that Countrey The Parliament being thus ended and closed with an Act of Indemnity the Lord Deputy and Council made a Progress into Conaught to inquire into his Majesties Title to several Lands in that Province and on the 11th of July at Abby-boyle to still the Jealousies and Alarms the People were under at this great Inquisition they published an Act of Council 1635. That it was not his Majesties intention to take any thing from his People that was justly theirs and therefore that those who had effectual Letters Patents should have the full benefit of them as if they were found Verbatim in the great Office then to be taken provided the Patents or the Enrolment thereof were shewn to the Council-board before Easter Term next and by it approved to be good and effectual in Law and the like was done in other Counties of Conaught and so this great Inquisition which was one of the Spring-heads and Fountains of the succeeding Rebellion was with great Diligence and Success carried on and effected and the Kings Title was found to most part of that Province and a noble English Plantation was design'd Whereupon the Patentees and particularly the Lord Dillon of Costilo produced their Patents to the Council-board and it appearing those Patents were Granted by Virtue of a Commission 4 Jac. 1. wherein there was no direction about the Tenure it grew to be a Question whether the Patents to hold by Knights Service as of the Castle of Dublin were warranted by that Commission or valid in Law and after much debate it was solemnly adjudg'd That those Patents were void And this Case is well known to the Lawyers by the
them called Traytors or Rebels but advised rather to use the soft Expression of DISCONTENTED GENTLEMEN But the Protestants scorning to be put upon so one of them express'd himself so briskly and so judiciously that the Irish finding they could not get a better agreed with much ado to the Protestation against the Rebels recited here Append. 12. And so having sate two days the Parliament was Prorogued to the Eleventh of January having first appointed a Committee of Both Houses to Treat with the Rebels and a Commission issued accordingly but the Traytors were so pufft up with their innumerable Victories over the naked and unresisting English that they tore the Order of Parliament and the Letter that was sent them and refused to Treat But the Lord Dillon of Costilo who since the Rebellion broke out was by His Majesty's former Orders sworn Privy Counsellor was deputed by the Popish Lords to attend the King and the Lord Taaf and Mr. Burk went with him but before he Embarked he presented the Lords Justices and Council a scandalous Letter See it Append. 3. in nature of a Remonstrance from the Rebels of the County of Longford which nevertheless was framed in the Pale wherein amongst other things they demand Freedom of Religion and a Repeal of all Laws contrary thereunto And this produced the Vote of the Eighth of December in the Parliament of England That they would never give Toleration of the Popish Religion in Ireland or any other of His Majesty's Dominions These Irish Agents hapned to be intercepted by the Parliament and imprison'd and their Papers being rifled it was found to be one of the Private Instructions to the Lord Dillon to move That no Forces might be sent over to Ireland but that it might be left to the Remonstrants to suppress the Rebellion 2 Temple 9. But afterwards they made a shift to escape out of Prison and diligently followed the King's Camp and effectually sollicited the unhappy Cessation Husbands's Collections 2 part 247. which afterwards ensued and whereof this Longford Remonstrance was the Parent and Foundation But what regard these Lords had to His Majesty's Service will appear by their vain Expressions in a Letter to the Lord Muskery Anno 1642. viz. That tho' it did not stand with the Convenience of His Majesty's Affairs to give him Publick Countenance yet that the King was well pleas'd with what he did and would in time give him Thanks for it Which being dscovered to the Parliament by Mr. Jepson a Member of that House begat strange Jealousies of His Majesty's Proceedings then tho' now it is manifest those Expressions related to the Cessation that was in Enbryo and not to the Rebellion which the King always abhorr'd In the mean time the King sent some Arms from Scotland to Sir Robert Steward and others in Vlster on the Eighteenth of November and Commissions to raise Forces Particularly the Lord Mongomery had Commission to raise 1000 Foot and 500 Horse and he did raise the Foot and three Troops of the Horse And on the Nineteenth the Lords Justices had an Account that His Majesty had left the Management of the Irish War to the English Parliament and the Order of Parliament was sent to them together with 20000 l. in Money and a Commission to the Earl of Ormond to be Lieutenant-General of the Army and also the following Order of Both Houses of Parliament viz. THE Lords and Commons in this present Parliament being advertised of the dangerous Conspiracy and Rebellion in Ireland by the treacherous and wied Instigation of Romish Priests and Jesuits for the bloody Massacre an Destruction of all Protestants living there and other His Majesty's Loyal Subjects of English Blood tho' of the Romish Religion being ancient Inhabitants within several Counties and Parts of that Realm who have always a former Rebellions given Testimony of their Fidelity to this Crown and for the utter depriving of His Royal Majesty and the Crown of England 〈◊〉 the Government of that Kingdom under pretence of setting up the Poâ—â— Religion have therefore taken into their serious Consideration how the mischievous Attempts might be most speedily and effectually prevented wherein the Honor Safety and Interest of this Kingdom are most nearly and fully concerned Wherefore they do hereby declare That they do intendâ— serve His Majesty with their Lives and Fortunes for the Suppressinâ— of this wicked Rebellion in such a way as shall be thought most effectualâ— by the Wisdom and Authority of Parliament and thereupon have ordereâ— and provided for a present Supply of Money and raising the Number of Six thousand Foot and Two thousand Horse to be sent from England being â—â—e full Proportion desired by the Lords Justices and His Majesty's Councâ— resident in that Kingdom with a Resolution to add such further Succours as the Necessity of those Affairs shall require They have also resolved of providing Arms and Munition not only for those Men but likewise for His Majesty's faithful Subjects in that Kingdom with store of Victuals and other Necessaries as there shall be occasion and that these Provisions may more conveniently be transported thither they have appointed Three several Ports of this Kingdom that is to say Bristol Westchester and one other in Cumberland where the Magazins and Storehouses shall be kept for the Supply of the several Parts of Ireland They have likewise resolved to be humble Mediators to His Most Excellent Majesty for the Incouragement of those English or Irish who shall upon their own Charges raise any Number of Horse or Foot for His Service against the Rebels that they shall be honourably rewarded with Lands of Inheritance in Ireland according to their Merits And for the better inducing the Rebels to repent of their wicked Attempts they do hereby commend it to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland or in his absence to the Lord Deputy or Lords Justices there according to the Power of the Commission granted them in that behalf to bestow His Majesty's gracious Pardon to all such as within a convenient Time to be declared by the Lord Lieutenant Lord Deputy or Lords Justices and Council of that Kingdom shall return to their due Obedience the greatest part whereof they conceive have been seduced upon false Grounds by the cunning and subtile Practices of some of the most malignant Rebels Enemies to this State and to the Reformed Religion and likewise to bestow such Rewards as shall be thought fit and published by the Lord Lieutenant Lord Deputy or Lords Justices and Council upon all those who shall arrest the Persons or bring in the Heads of such Traytors as shall be personally named in any Proclamation published by the State there And they 〈◊〉 hereby exhort and require all His Majesty's loving Subjects both in this and in that Kingdom to remember their Duty and Conscience to God and his Religion On the Twentieth day of November the Lords Justices wrote again to the Earl of Leicester Lord Lieutenant for Supplies of
that hereafter he will be pleased upon the humble Suit of both Houses of Parliament to give His Royal Assent to such Bills as they shall tender unto him for the setling of those Propositions and all other things necessarily conducing thereunto Ibid. 86. And on the Twenty fourth of February His Majesty returned His Gracious Answer in Approbation of these Votes in haec verba viz. That as he hath offered and is still ready to venture His own Royal Person for the Recovery of that Kingdom if His Parliament shall advise him thereunto so He will not deny to contribute any other Assistance he can to that Service by parting with any Profit or Advantage of his own there and therefore relying on the Wisdom of His Parliament doth consent to every Proposition now made to him without taking time to examine whether this course may not retard the reducing of that Kingdom by exasperating the Rebels and rendring them desperate of being received into Grace if they shall return to their Obedience It would be too tedious to relate all that was done in this Affair of the Adventurers and therefore all that I shall mention here upon that Head is That these Votes produced several Acts of Parliament in Confirmation of them and raised the Sum of 400000 l for the Irish War But on the 9th day of March in the Declaration presented to the King at Newmarket Husbands 97. the Parliament inserted this Article viz. That the Rebellion in Ireland was framed and contrived here in England and that the English Papists should have risen about the same time we have several Testimonies and Advertisements from Ireland and that is a common Speech amongst the Rebels wherewith concur other Evidences and Observations of the suspicious Meetings and Consultations the tumultuary and seditious Carriage of those of that Religion in divers parts of this Kingdom about the time of the breaking out of the Irish Rebellion the Deposition of O Conally the Information of Master Cole Minister the Letter of Tristram Whitcombe the Deposition of Thomas Crant and many others which we may produce do all agree in this the publick Declaration of the Lords Gentlemen and others of the Pale That they would joyn with the Rebels whom they call the Irish Army or any other to recover unto His Majesty His Royal Prerogative wrested from him by the Puritan Faction in the House of Parliament in England and to maintain the same against all others as also to maintain Episcopal Jurisdiction and the lawfulness thereof these two being Quarrels upon which His Majesties late Army in the North should have been incensed against us To which His Majesty Answers thus Ibid. 106. If the Rebellion in Ireland so odious to all Christians seems to have been framed and maintained in England or to have any countenance from hence We conjure both Our Houses of Parliament and all Our loving Subjects whatsoever to use all possible means to discover and find such out that we may joyn in the most exemplary Vengeance upon them that can be imagined But We must think Our self highly and causelesly injured in Our Reputation if any Declaration Action or Expression of the Irish Rebels any Letter from Count Rosettie to the Papists for Fasting and Praying or from Tristram Whitcombe of strange Speeches uttered in Ireland shall beget any Jealousie or Misapprehension in Our Subjects of Our Justice Piety and Affection it being evident to all Understandings That those mischievous and wicked Rebels are not so capable of great Advantage as by having their false Discourse so far believed as to raise Fears and Jealousies to the Distraction of this Kingdom the only way to their Security And we cannot express a deeper sense of the Sufferings of Our poor Protestant Subjects in that Kingdom than We have done in Our often Messages to both Houses by which We have offered and are still ready to venture Our Royal Person for their Redemption well knowing That as We are in Our own Interest more concerned in them fo We are to make a strict Accompt to Almighty God for any Neglect of Our Duty or their Preservation And on the 15th of March 113. from Huntington the King sent this Message viz. That he doth very earnestly desire that they will use all possible Industry in expediting the business of Ireland in which they shall find so chearful a Concurrence by his Majesty that no Inconvenience shall happen to that Service by his Absence he having all that Passion for the reducing of that Kingdom which he hath expressed in his former Messages and being unable by words to manifest more Affection to it than he hath endeavoured to do by those Messages having likewise done all such Acts as he hath been moved unto by his Parliament therefore if the Misfortunes and Calamities of his poor Protestant Subjects there shall grow upon them tho' His Majesty shall be deeply concerned in and sensible of their Sufferings he shall wash his hands before all the World from the least Imputation of Slackness in that most necessary and pious Work Whereupon the Parliament Voted the next day Ibid. That those Persons that advise His Majesty to absent himself from the Parliament are Enemies to the Peace of this Kingdom and justly to be suspected to be Favourers of the Rebellion in Ireland Resolved c. 1642. That those Persons that advised His Majesty to this Message are Enemies to the Peace of this Kingdom and justly to be suspected to be Favourers of the Rebellion in Ireland The Year 1642. began with Sir Symon Harcourt's Expedition against Carrickmain in the County of Dublin on the Twenty sixth of March which proved fatal to him nevertheless his Lieutenant-Colonel Gibson took the Castle and put all within it to the Sword refusing to give Quarter to those obstinate Rebels that had slain his beloved Colonel And about the same time all the Popish Priests that could be found in Dublin were by the Lords Justices sent in French Bottoms to France In the beginning of April 1642. Doctor Jones afterwards Bishop of Meath and Seven other Divines who by Virtue of a Commission dated the 23d of December 1641. had taken many Examinations about the Rebellion and the Murders Plunders and Robberies committed by the Irish did out of their Depositions form a Remonstrance and being recommended by the Lords Justices and Council they did Present it to the Commons House of Parliament in England It set forth That the Rebellion was occasioned by the ancient Hatred which Papists bear to Protestants and by their Surfet of Freedom and Indulgence in that Kingdom That the Design was to eradicate the Protestant Religion and the Professors of it that the Rebellion was general and of a long Contrivance that sometimes they pretended the Kings Commission and sometimes spoke Contemptibly of his Majesty that they designed to extirpate all of English Extraction even the very Papists that they kicked Bibles up and down and
Counsels near Your Majesty in opposition of the Parliament and favour of the Malignant Party of this Kingdom 6. It will bereave Your Parliament of that advantage whereby they were induced to undertake this War upon Your Majesties Promise that it should be managed by their Advice which cannot be done if Your Majesty contrary to their Counsels shall undertake to Order and Govern it in Your own Person Upon which and divers other Reasons We have resolved by the full and concurring Agreement of both Houses that We cannot with discharge of our Duty Consent to any Levios or raising of Soldiers to be made by your Majesty for this your intended Expedition into Ireland or to the Payment of any Army or Soldiers there but such as shall be employed and governed according to Our Advice and Direction and that if such Levies shall be made by any Commission of your Majesty not agreed too by both Houses of Parliament We shall be forced to interpret the same to be raised to the Terror of your People and disturbance of the publick Peace and hold our selves bound by the Laws of the Kingdom to apply the Authority of Parliament to suppress the same And We do further most humbly Declare That if your Majesty shall by ill Counsel be perswaded to go contrary to this Advice of your Parliament which We hope your Majesty will not We do not in that Case hold Our selves bound to submit to any Commissioners which your Majesty shall chuse but do Resolve to preserve and govern the Kingdom by the Counsel and Advice of Parliament for your Majesty and your Posterity according to Our Allegiance and the Law of the Land Wherefore We do most humbly Pray and Advise your Majesty to desist from this your intended Passage into Ireland and from all Preparations of Men and Arms tending thereunto and to leave the managing of that War to your Parliament according to your Majesties Promise made unto Us and your Royal Commission Granted under your Great Seal of England by Advice of both Houses in Prosecution whereof by God's Blessing We have already made a prosperous Entrance by many defeats of the Rebels whereby they are much weakened and disheartened and have no probable means of Subsistence if Our Proceedings shall not be interrupted by this Interposition of your Majesties Journey but that we may hope upon good Grounds that within a short time without hazard of your Majesties Person and so much dangerous Confusion to your Kingdoms which must needs ensue if you should proceed in this Resolution We shall be enabled fully to vindicate your Majesties Right and Authority in that Kingdom and punish those horrible Outragious Cruelties which have been committed in the murthering and spoiling so many of your Subjects and bring that Realm to such a Condition as may be much for the advantage of your Majesty and this Crown the Honour of your Government and the Contentment of your People For the better and mâ—re speedy effecting whereof We do again renew Our humble Desires of your Return to your Parliament and that You will please to reject all Counsels and Apprehensions which may any way derogate from that Faithfulness and Allegiance which in Truth and Sincerity We have always born and professed to your Majesty and shall ever make good to the uttermost with our Lives and Fortunes To this Answer The King made the following Reply We are so troubled and astonished to find the unexpected Reception and mis-understanding of our Message of the Eighth of April concerning our Irish Journey that being so â—â—ch disappointed of the Approbation and Thanks we looked for to that Declaration We have great cause to doubt whether it be in Our Power to say or do any thing which shall not fall within the like Interpretation but as we have in that Message called God to witness the Sincerity of the Profession of Our only Ends for the undertaking that Journey So We must appeal to all our good Subjects and the whole World whether the Reasons alledged against that Journey be of weight to satisfie Our understanding or the Counsel Presented to disswade Us from it be full of that Duty as is like to prevail over Our Affections For Our Resolving of so great a business without the Advice of Our Parliament We must remember you how often by Our Messages We made the same offer if you should Advise Us thereunto To which you never gave Us the least Answer but in your late Declaration told Us That ye were not to be satisfied with Words So that we had Reason to conceive you rather avoided out of regard to our Person to give Us Counsel to run that hazard than that you disapproved the inclination And what greater Comfort or Security can the Protestants of Christendom receive tâ—â—n by seeing a Protestant King venture and engage his Person for the defence of that Profession and the Suppressing of Popery to which We Solemnly protested in that Message never to Grant a Toleration upon what Pretence soever or an Abolition of any of the Laws there in force against the Professâ—rs of it And when We consider the great Calamities and unheard of Cruelties Our poor Protestant Subjects in that Kingdom have undergone for the space of near or full Six Months the growth and increase of the Strength of those barbarous Rebels and the evident Probability of foreign Supplies if they are not speedily suppressed the very slow Succours hitherto sent them from hence That the Officers of several Regiments who have long time been allowed Entertainment from you for that Service have not raised any Supply or Succour for that Kingdom That many Troops of Horse have long lain near Chester untransported 〈◊〉 the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland on whom We relyed principally for the Conduct and managing of Affairs there is still in this Kingdom notwithstanding our Earnestness expressed that he should repair to his Command And when We consider the many and great Scandals raised upon Our Selves by report of the Rebels and not sufficiently discountenanced here notwithstanding so many Professions of Ours And had seen a Book lately Printed by the Order of the House of Commons Entituled A Remonstrance of divers remarkable Passages concerning the Church and Kingdom of Ireland Wherein some Examinations are set down which how improbable or impossible soever may make an impression in the Minds of many of Our weak Subjects And Lastly when We duly weigh the Dishonour which will perpetually lye upon this Kingdom if full and speedy Relief be not dispatched thither We could not nor cannot think of a better way to discharge Our Duty to Almighty God for the defence of the true Protestant Profession or to manifest Our Affection to Our Three Kingdoms for their Preservation than by engaging Our Person in this Expedition as many of Our Royal Progenitors have done even in Foreign parts upon Causes of less Importance and Piety with great Honour to themselves and advantage to this Kingdom and
Title nor Protestation of the Confederates his Prudence and Integrity in continuing the Irish Parliament were highly commended But that he should be able to get a greater Sum of Money from a beggarly Enemy than the Parliament of England had sent over at any one time till then could never be sufficiently applauded and to this effect Secretary Nicholas writes in his Letter of the Ninth of October and adds That it is believed there that the Irish will not observe the Cessation and therefore advises his Excellency to be upon his Guard and to take care the King 's good Subjects do not suffer by their violation of it and that the young Lord Moor pursuant to Ormond ' s Recommendation hath all his Father's Offices granted unto him But the Parliament of England had different Sentiments of this Cessation they inveighed against it as destructive to the dispossest Protestants of Ireland who were kept out of Possession by it another Year at least They said it was a Discouragement to the Adventurers whose Satisfaction was likewise delay'd hereby They said it gave an opportunity to the Rebels to recruit their Forces and to supply all their Wants But that which troubled them most was that they perceiv'd the King design'd to draw some of the Protestant Forces and hoped for some of the Popish Army from Ireland to assist Him against the Parliament In short they were enraged to that degree that they Voted to Impeach the Marquis of Ormond as a Traytor against the Three Kingdoms and to disable him of his Lieutenancy and of all Command in Ireland and they also made a formal Declaration against the Cessation which is inserted at large here Appendix 18. In answer to which the King published The Grounds and Motives of the Cessation which in effect were That the English Army in Ireland could no longer subsist without Supplies and that the Parliament took no care to send any but on the contrary the Earl of Warwick intercepted those that His Majesty sent and that the Parliament endeavor'd to draw the Scotch Army out of Ireland into England So that in fine there was an absolute Necessity of this Cessation as preparatory to a Peace which nevertheless he will never admit unless it be such a Peace as may be agreeable to Conscience Honor and Justice But all this did not satisfie those that were perishing for want of their Estates and Properties which the Rebels possest and were yet farther inrag'd by the fresh Insolences and Violences daily committed by the Confederates so that their Sufferings depriv'd them of that Moderation which at another time would have considered the Distresses of the Crown the Necessities of the Army and the other powerful Motives to this Temporary Agreement In like manner the Estates of Scotland declar'd against the Cessation and the Adventurers at London petition'd against it and even some of the Cavaleers were so dissatisfied at this unfortunate Truce that many of the Earl of Newcastle's Army laid down their Arms and the Earl of Holland withdrew from Oxford Whitlock's Memoirs affirming That after he had heard of the Cessation his Conscience would not give him leave to stay any longer there And some others of Quality afterwards followed his Example And indeed it appear'd by the Sequel that the Cessation was a mere Plot of the Confederates to ruin those by Treaty whom they could not destroy by the War Not that it would have proved so if it had been honestly perform'd according to their Stipulations and Pretences but that by a thousand Tricks and Subtilties they contraven'd every Point of it and besides the opportunity of reinforcing and furnishing themselves which no body blames them for they left nothing undone that could tend to the Ruin of the English For whereas before the Cessation the Army lived mostly upon what they forced from the Enemy that Course being stopped by the Truce there was no way left to support them but the 30800 l. promised by those Articles and which was depended upon for that purpose but most part of that Money was delivered in by such Driblets and so very long after it was due that it did little Service to those that were to receive it But that was not the worst for the Rebels made use of another Stratagem which no body could suspect and that was a Prohibition to all their Party not to sell Provisions to the English even for ready Money There was no Defence against this Flail and therefore many Places were deserted by the Warders who were starved out of them by this Contrivance Carlo Athy Leix Trim Dundalk and Naas suffered much in this Particular but it was worse with the Garisons in Conaught as appears by their Declaration of Grievances sent to the Lord Lieutenant wherein they affirm a Conspiracy amongst the Irish to starve them and that the Irish County Councils had issued out Warrants to seize the Goods and Estates of such Confederates as should buy or sell or use any Traffick with the English as appears Appendix 19. They also committed many secret and some publick Murders Peter St. George was so served at the Castle of Letrim where William St. George was likewise mortally wounded and it is reported but how truly I cannot say of a malicious Jesuit that sheltered himself at Kinnegad well known thereabouts by the name of Father Roe that he committed many Murders even in the Highway but this is more certain that the English were fain to pay Toll or Tribute for passage through the Irish Quarters in many places and that particularly at St. Johnston's Bridge great Sums of Money were extorted upon that score Moreover they had by cunning and secret Intrusions into deserted Castles and old Houses two or three days before the Cessation gotten Possession of much more Land than did belong to them or than they could have kept in time of War nevertheless this Possession though obtained by Fraud or Violence was detained by them under the umbrage of that Treaty They had also another Liberty by these Articles viz. To declare in whose Quarters they would choose to be and by this fetch whole Baronies were lost and particularly the Baronies of Barrymore and Imokilly scituate between Cork and Youghall and which had been always in the English Quarters and under the Protection of those Garisons did a day or two before the Cessation declare themselves to be in the Irish Quarters and so were privileged even to the Gates of Cork and Youghall from Contribution to those Garisons until the beginning of the year 1645. But besides the Breaches of the Cessation in Conaught contained in their Declaration of Grievances and the Complaints of Munster mentioned hereafter Appendix 17 there were several other Violations of those Articles as 1. That the Earl of Castlehaven after he had notice of the Cessation did nevertheless batter the Castle of Desert in the Queen's County and when he had taken and plundered it he shewed them the Articles of the
not a little influencd by the Queen and upon her account by the French who had an Agent in the Scots Camp they pretended Zeal for the King's Re-establishment and the Cardinal did really give the Lord Digby 10000 Pistols for the Service of Ireland which he brought to the Marquis of Ormond in July Nevertheless by what they did to the Irish Agents in France and the sequel of the whole Affair it is manifest that they were Ambodexters and their Interest lying in the Confusion and Desolâ—tion of these Kingdoms they did what they could to keep them embroil'd However the King confided much in this French Agent and it was he that managed the Treaty between His Majesty and the Scots and either he did really obtain or persuaded the King that he had got from them these following Concessions viz. 1. That they would not endeavour to Force his Conscience 2. That they would afford a safe Retreat amongst them to all His Majesties faithful Servants and Adherents And 3. That by Force or Treaty they would endeavour to reestablish him in his just Rights And upon these Terms the King went from Oxford to the Scots Camp near Newark from whence they removed him to Newcastle And whilst he was there lying under the deep Resentments of the Ingratitude and Perfidy of the Irish Rebels who always heightned their Demands as his Necessities encreased and clogg'd their Promises of Succours with harder Conditions than were fit to put upon any Christian not to say their King viz. the Subversion of the Religion he profest he was prevail'd upon by his Letter of the 11th of June 1646. to prohibit the Marquis of Ormond from Treating with them any â—arther To this Letter the Lord Lieutenant and Council returned the following Answer That they will not proceed in the Treaty and that the Rebels have three Armies in the Field viz. Munster Army which is before Bunratty Conaught Army which is before Roscomon and Ulster Army which hovers towards Dublin and that the Parliament Frigats are in the Harbor and all over the Coast hindering Provisions c. from coming to them and that the Cessation will determine the 13th of July and that they have but 13 Barrels of Powder and want all other Necessaries for the War and therefore they hope to renew the Cessation for a month and in the mean time do earnestly pray for Supplies adding That they cannot be sure that those that unprovoked fell upon them in a time of Quiet will not break a Cessation as soon as they find themselves baffled in their Expectations of a Peace And as to the unfortunate Battel at Bemburb wherein the Lord Blany was slain and the Lord Mongomery was taken Prisoner as soon as it was over Mr. Annesly and Mr. Beale by their Letters importuned the Lord Lieutenant to declare against the Irish which at that time he could not presently do in regard of the Cessation that was not then expired but upon the Tenth of June the Lord Folliot Monroe and Sir Charles Coot joyned with the others in an Address to the Marquis of Ormond to the same purpose and the Lord Folliot and Mr. Galbreth came with it although they had no safe Conduct or Passport for doing so which is the more strange because those Commissioners Mr. Annesly and Beale had refused a Pass to a Messenger Ormond would have sent to the King unless they might know his Errand and because in this Address they did not give Ormond the Title of Lord-Lieutenant Nevertheless his Excellency answered them That he would joyn with them and as soon as the Cessation expired viz. 13 July would declare against the Common Enemy Provided they would submit to His Majesties Authority But they who had all their Support from the Parliament could not do that and so this Negotiation determined without effect And in this condition stood Affairs when on the Fourth of July 1646. the Lord Digby one of the Secretaries of State and afterwards Earl of Bristol returned to Dublin from France and assured the Marquis of Ormond That notwithstanding the King's Letter of the Eleventh of June which was extorted from him by Duress and proceeded from Ignorance of the posture of Affairs in Ireland and particularly of the Advances of the Treaty of peace it was His Majesties Pleasure That a Peace should be concluded with the Irish and that he had a positive verbal Message from the King to that purpose and thereof he made a solemn and formal Protestation before the Lord Lieutenant and Council which being reduced to Writing was entred at large in the Council-Book at Dublin on the Twenty eighth of July and thereupon they proceeded to the Conclusion of the Peace which was perfected on the Thirtieth of July and is contained in the Articles mentioned Appendix 24. And the next day they wrote to His Majesty a full account of what they had done and desired His Majesty to send them no more Verbal Orders especially such as contradict the Written ones lest they want Vouchers of their Obedience to His Majesties Commands and be thought Disloyal in doing those things which nothing but Duty could make them do The Peace being thus made was solemnly Proclaim'd in Dublin and by General Preston in his Camp and the King at Arms and those of the Heralds-Office to the number of Ten with all their Formalities were on the Sixth of August sent to Proclaim it in the other Cities and Corporations of the Kingdom of whose Journey I will give an account in due time The Lord-Lieutenant did also send a kind Letter of the Third of August to Owen Roe to invite him to Dublin to give his Assistance towards the Settlement of the Nation and that General did on the Seventeenth return a very civil Answer importing That as yet he had no authentick Notice of the Peace from his former Masters but as soon as he should have it he would hasten to pay his Duty to the Lord-Lieutenant And on the Eleventh of August the Protestant Clergy made a grateful Remonstrance of Thanks to His Excellency for his Care of Religion and the Kingdom In the mean time the restless and indefatigable Nuncio had summon'd all the Popish Clergy to Waterford under pretence of an Apostolick Visitation and to prepare for a National Synod the famous Nicholas French Bishop of Ferns was Chancellor of this Congregation which being assembled notwithstanding their holy Pretences did nothing else but consult how to break the Peace they had so lately consented to and being puft up with the Success their Forces had met with this Summer and taking advantage of the distressed condition of His Majesty and his Army these Holy Fathers made short work with the Peace for on the 12th of August which was just a Fortnight after it was made they declared all those perjur'd that would submit to it and by solemn * * Appendix 30. Decree rejected it as not having sufficiently provided for the Liberty and Splendor of
agreed against the Common Enemy and in their Abhorrence and Mistrust of the Irish so that the Privy Council represented to his Excellency That they had deserved as well of the King as Subjects possibly could either by Doing or Suffering and therefore they hoped he would not expose them to the Mercy of their cruel and hereditary Enemies ☞ who by their late Perfidiousness had made themselves incapable of Trust and therefore they desired him again to Treat with the Parliaments Commissioners who would at least perform the Conditions they promise which could not be relied on from the Irish And it is said That his Excellency did rather incline to this Advice because he knew that the Design of many in this Irish Rebellion was intirely to alienate the Kingdom of Ireland from the Crown of England P. W. Remonstrance 583. and to extirpate not only the Protestants but also all the English tho' Catholicks That the Nuncio-Party design'd to separate it from England and to put Ireland under the Protection of some Foreign Prince unless they could advance one of the Old Irish Families to the Throne And accordingly Mr. Anthony Martin in the last General Assembly did propose to call in some Foreign Prince for Protection And so the Lord Lieutenant and Council being reduced to so great straits that they had but Seventeen Barrels of Powder leâ—t and no Magazins either of Stores or Victuals nor any Money either to buy more or to pay the Army did agree to resign the Kingdom to the Parliament for these Reasons 1. It was observed ☜ That no Exercise of the Protestant Religion was so much as tolerated where the Confederates had the Command and that if all the Churches in His Majesty's Quarters should be given or suffered to be taken to the Use of the Romish Religion it would too much countenance the Reproaches of His Majesty's Inclinations to Popery and might be dangerously applied by those who had His Majesty's Life in their Power 2. That it could not be for His Majesty's Honor to have those Subjects and Servants who had stuck to His Cause after all besides was lost in His Three Kingdoms to be at last subjected to the Tyranny of those who then ruled among the Irish whose Persidy was so manifest and their Malice so great as to give Rest to the Parliament Forces and to unite all their Power against those only who had carried Peace to their very Doors Lastly It was known how many Agents the Irish had employed abroad and what Publick Ministers had Reception with them as from the Pope the Kings of France and Spain That if the Garisons now held were put into the Hands of the Two Houses of Parliament they would revert by Treaty or otherwise whenever His Majesty should in England recover His Rights but if either given or left to these Confederates there was little hopes of Restitution while any Foreign Prince should think his Affairs secured or advanced by consuming the Blood and Treasure of England in this Dispute And so on the Fifth of February they made an Act of Council which recites their sad Condition and impowers the Lord Lieutenant to renew the Treaty with the Parliament for the Surrender of Dublin and quitting the Government And accordingly his Excellency did the next day write to Wharton and Salway two of the Parliament Commissioners That he was now satisfied in the Point he scrupled at viz. the King's Orders and therefore was willing to surrender the Government on the Terms formerly propos'd and desir'd that Succors might be sent immediately Hereupon the Parliament did order 3 March That if Ormond would give one of his Sons Hostage for Performance together with the Earl of Roscomon Colonel Chichester and Sir James Ware that then Coot's Regiment of Horse and Monroe's and Fenwick's Regiments of Foot at that time in Ulster should march to his Assistance and that the Lords of Insiquin and Ardes should give the Enemy Diversion And accordingly the Lord Richard Butler afterwards Earl of Arran was sent Hostage to Chester and the aforesaid Three Regiments were received in Ormond's Garisons and the Lord Insiquin sent his Excellency Twenty Barrels of Powder and half a Tun of Match and on the Seventeenth of March the Earl of Roscomon Colonel Arthur Chichester and Sir James Ware were sent to the Committee at Derby-house to be Hostages for Performance of the Agreement with the Parliament and to solicit That Papists always adhering to the King and Papists that got out of the Rebels Quarters as soon as they could and Papists remaining in the Rebels Quarters that have shewed constant good Affections c. may be indemnified That Ormond may have leave to wait on the King and that the other Lords and Gentlemen may have Posses to go through England That Ormond may have leave to transport as many Papists to foreign Service as will go with him for which Liberty he will remit Ten thousand Pound That no Oaths other than those of Fidelity may be imposed on any Protestant and that the Common Prayer and their respective Imployments may be continued to them But they were told by the English Committee That they were Hostages and not Commissioners And on the same 17th day of March the Parliament of Ireland which had before made an Address to the Parliament of England for Protection quod vide Burlace 178 did remonstrate their Gratitude to the Marquiss of Ormond in the following Address signed by the Speakers of both Houses The Remonstrance of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in Parliament assembled declaring the Acknowledgment of their hearty Thankfulness to the most Honourable James Marquiss of Ormond Lord Lieutenant General of Ireland His Excellency VVE the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament in Our whole Body do present Our selves before your Lordship acknowledging with great Sense and feeling your Lordships singular Goodness to Us the PROTESTANT PARTY and those who have faithfully and constantly adhered unto them who have been preserved to this day under God by your Excellencies Providence and Pious Care which has not been without a vast Expence out of your own Estate as also to the hazarding of your Person in great and dangerous Difficulties And when your Lordship found your Self with the Strength remaining with you to be too weak to resist an insolent and upon all Advantages perfidious and bloody Enemy rather than we should Perish You have in your Care transferred Us into their hands that are both able and willing to preserve Us and that not by a bare casting Us off but by complying so far with Us that you have not denied our Desires of Hostages and amongst them of one of your most dear Sons All which being such a free Earnest of your Excellencies Love to our Religion Nation and both Houses do incite Us here to come unto you with Hearts filled with your Love and Tongues declaring how much We are obliged to your Excellency
their first Legate to the Pope and Secretary to the Supream Council But to proceed the Supream Council could not deal with the Nuncio and his Party without the Assistance of Insiquin for Owen Roe stood firm to the Nuncio so that on the 11th of June he proclaimed War against the Supream Council altho' he had sworn Fidelity to them but 't is probable the Nuncio absolved him of that Oath Beling 118. and therefore they did not only borrow Five hundred Horse from Insiquin under the Command of Major Doily but did also on the Twenty seventh of May publish a Declaration exhorting the People to their Duty and Defence and did likewise renew their Oath of Association on the 20th of June and the same day declared War against Owen Roe and his Adherents In the mean time the Nuncio the very next day after he had Excommunicated the Supream Council sent them word that he design'd to Indict a National Synod at Athlone but they were so far from approving of that that they ordered the Marquiss of Clanrickard who sided with them ever since this last Cessation with Insiquin and whereof he was a great Instrument and General Preston to besiege Athlone which they accordingly perform'd and took it before Owen Roe could march up to its relief Upon the taking of Athlone the Nuncio went to Gallaway which Town had agreed to the Cessation and therefore all Divine Offices were interdicted and the Churches were shut and the very Ensigns of Authority were forced from the Mayors own House but that Insolence occasioned such a Tumult that if those Badges of Office had not been immediately returned to the Mayor by the same hand that took them it had certainly come to Blows and Blood in the very Streets and as it was two or three Men were slain in the Scuffle when the Archbishop of Tuam caused the Church Doors to be opened by force Review 132. But what is yet more horrible and monstrous is that the Fryars every where Preached unavoidable Damnation to all those that should adhere to the Cessation which Doctrine confounded the silly People to the utmost Degree of Distraction and Madness and yet as if this were not enough when those who had some Sense and Moderation yet left made a Scruple to fight against their near Relations and those of their own Religion for so small a matter the Nuncio for removing those Scruples published the following Declaration IN the Name of God Amen Whereas about Our last Decision concerning the Publication of the Cessation it was objected by some that altho' for the avoiding of some Loss of Temporal Goods they could not with a safe Conscience publish that Cessation yet it is doubted by them whether the same â—e not Lawful for the avoiding of such Blood-shed and Slaughter as might follow upon the opposition made against it We by these Presents declare that it is a Mortal sin against God and his Church and a breach of the Oath of Association either to procure or suffer the Publication of that Truce and that Catholicks ought and are bound to undergo the Loss of all their Temporal Goods their Liberty all that is dear to them and even their Life it self rather than publish or obey it This also was the Sense of these Our Words in Our former Decree Nullo modo licet c. And indeed We well know that Men cannot lose their Goods in this Dissension without the Slaughter of some or perhaps of many In Witness whereof We have Signed these Presents with Our own Hands the 13th day August 1648. Jo. Bap. Rin. Jo. Rapoten But before this the Nuncio had on the 13th of July summoned a National Synod to sit at Gallaway on the 15th of August whereupon the Supream Council sent him a Letter of the 26th of July shewing the Inconveniencies of that Congress but it had no effect on him for as he was used to do he persisted obstinately in his own Sentiments Whereupon the Council summoned a General Assembly to meet the 4th of September and about that time Antrim Muskery and Brown returned from their Ambassy to France but when they reported to the Assembly that the Queen and Prince intended to send over the Marquiss of Ormond the Popish Clergy who hated him above all others were dissatisfied to the highest Degree and did all that was possible to betray Killkenny and the Supream Council to Owen Roe and if some * Appendix 41. Letters from Fryar Paul King to the Titular Bishop of Clogher had not been intercepted they had in all probability effected it For that Owen Roe might be at leisure to ruin the Supream Council he did make a Truce with Jones Beling 126. and was so hearty in it that he wrote to the Protestant Bishop of Clogher the following Letter which was intercepted To the most Reverend the Bishop of Clogher MAKE haste to Ballysonan and thence to Catherlogh and I will endeavour to defend you Costologh is joyned with Preston and so â—â—â—â—part of the Lord Insiquin's Army all which I will so keep imployed that they shall not be able to hurt you Owen O Neal. But whilst these two Factions were Bandying one against another Insiquin's Army in Munster for want of Supplies which they could not have from England whilst they Acted in opposition to the Parliament was in some Distress whereupon the Colonels Townsend and Doyly by Insiquin's Orders as they averr'd but he denied wrote to the Committee at Derby House That if the Parliament would pay their Arrears and pardon their Defection they would return to their Obedience Hereupon Colonel Edmond Temple was sent over to treat with Insiquin about it but Sir Richard Fanshaw the Princes Secretary got there before him and established Insiquin in His Majesties Service so that Townsend and Doyly were for some time imprisoned and so were Sir William Fenton and Colonel Phair but those last were afterwards Exchang'd for Insiquin's Son then Prisoner in the Tower of London being the Hostage for his Fathers Fidelity and not long after JAMES Marquiss of ORMOND Lord Lieutenant Landed at Cork on the Twenty ninth day of September where he was respectfully received by the Lord Insiquin and his Officers and on the Fourth of October he wrote to the Supream Council that His Majesty had sent him Pursuant to their Requests and that he desired they would send Commissioners to Carrick to treat of a Peace which they readily obeyed and on the Sixth of October his Excellency published a Declaration mentioned Appendix 42. But it may be enquired how it came to pass that when the Confederates desired a Roman Catholick Vice-Roy so passionately and above all other Protestants ahorr'd Ormond as for many other Acts prejudicial to Popery so especially for surrendring Dublin to the Parliament that yet he should be the very Man that should be sent unto them to which it might be answer'd in General and from good Vouchers That Ormond was the Person in the
prevent a Famine had turn'd out of the City and on the 20th the Lord-Lieutenant being informed that Jones had for want of Forrage sent part of his Horse to Tredagh his Excellency ordered Insiquin to pursue them which he performed with great success and having surpriz'd one whole Troop and routed Collonel Chidly Coot and 300 Horse whereof many were killed he follow'd the blow to Tredagh and being re-inforced with two Regiments of Foot and two Pieces of Artillery he besieged that Town whilst it was under consternation at the late Defeat Nevertheless the Garrison consisting of 600 Men defended the place with exceeding bravery until their Powder was spent and then they did a 30 June Surrender on Honourable Conditions and Collonel Coot with 150 Horse and 400 Foot marched to Dublin But whilst Insiquin staid at Tredagh he had notice that Lieutenant-General Farrell with 500 Foot and 300 Horse was gone to Convey a considerable quantity of Arms and Ammunition which Collonel Monke had upon Articles given to Owen Roe whereupon Insiquin sent a detached Party which met with and routed this Convoy and killed 500 of the Men and took all the Arms and Ammunition and what other Booty they had with them And it was from some of the Prisoners then taken that Insiquin was informed of the weak condition of Dundalk wherefore being resolved to prosecute his good Fortune he marched to besiege it and being assisted by the Lord of Ardes he forced Monk in two days time to Surrender the place whereunto he was necessitated by the Mutiny of the Garrison which else would have given him up Hereupon Monk went to England and was imprisoned for a short time as shall be hereafter related and Insiquin took possession of Dundalk and a considerable Magazine that was in it After this prodigious Success the lesser Garrisons became an easy Prey Newry Narrow-water Greencastle and Carlingford submitted to the Conqueror of course and Trim itself did not hold out above two days and so Insiquin having no more to do return'd trimphantly to the Royal Camp at Finglass with more Men than he first carried out And there we must leave him till I give a brief Account of the second Army viz. that of the Presbyterian British and Scots which was so powerful under the Command of the Lord of Ardes that it seized upon Belfast and Carifergus and most part of Ulster and some places in Conaught But they had entertain'd such inconsistent Principles that it was impossible for any other Party to joyn with them and yet they were too weak to stand alone so that their Ruine was inevitable nevertheless it was hastned by their Divisions for when their General the Lord of Ardes perceived that by the Manifesto they published they declared an Abhorrence of the Murder of the late King which rendered their Conjunction with the Parliamentarians impossible and that they published no less Aversion against the Irish so that they rejected any Correspondence either with Owen Roe or the Supreme Council and as well for that reason as because they would not own the new King there was no hopes of their Union with the Cavaleers he saw the necessity of his doing something without them that might strengthen their Party by a powerful Alliance and Conjunction and being offered by the Lord-Lieutenant a Commission to be Chief Governour of Ulster he was easily prevailed upon to submit to the King's Authority which he did in the latter end of April and being joyn'd with the Lagan Forces which were weakned by the Surprize of Sir Robert Steward and Collonel Mervin at a Christning by Sir Charles Coot who sent them Prisoners to England he went to besiege London-Derry where we will likewise leave him and give an Account of the third Army viz. that of the Supreme Council's This Army was mix'd I cannot say incorporated with the King 's by the late Peace and so continued until after the Defeat at Rathnines but having a distinct Interest from the Protestant part of the King's Army and a National and Religious Aversion unto them they never did any service together where ever the Irish were the Majority and in the end most of the Irish being seduced by the Clergy did desert the King's Service some privately and others more openly their Towns became ungovernable and their Clergy grew Mutinous and rejected the King's Authority in the Lord-Lieutenant so that at length their pretended Loyalty became the Scorn and Contempt of their most inveterate Enemies as shall be related in its proper place And as for the fourth Army which was under the Command of Own Roe it consisted of natural Irish and fierce Nuntiotists and this General was so enraged at the Supreme Council both because they did not comply with the Nuntio and because they did not in their Articles of Peace provide for the Restitution of the Escheated Lands in Ulster that he chose rather to correspond with the Parliament then with them And therefore he did on the 8th day of May enter into Articles with Collonel Monk not only for a Cessation for three Months but for mutual Assistance within that time and that Monk should furnish Owen Roe with Ammunition if he wanted and should suffer Ships with Arms Money c. that should be sent to Owen Roe to Harbour in any of the Parliament's Ports And it was in vertue of this League that Lieutenant-General Farrell had the Ammunition from Dundalk which Insiquin took from him as hath been already related And this Irish General did at the same time make some extravagant Proposals which being granted he and his Army would embrace the Service and Interests of the Parliament of England But tho' they were never consented to yet during this League of three Months he did faithfully observe his Agreement to the great prejudice of the King's Army and to the great advantage of the Parliament's Forces which else would have been in an ill condition Moreover he did on the 22th day of May make a League with Collonel Richard Coot in the behalf of Sir Charles Coot and pursuant thereunto and in consideration of 2000 l. in Money and 2000 Cows and some Ammunition he did oblige the Lord of Ards and the Lagan Forces to raise the Siege of London-Derry on the 8th day of August Nevertheless when the Parliament of England were acquainted with these Transactions they Disavowed what the one and the other of these Commanders had done with Owen Roe And tho' Sir Charles Coot being absent escaped with a severe Check only yet Monk who was then in England was Imprison'd and Displac'd and tho' when he was brought to the House he gave good reasons for what he had done and demonstrated the Advantages that the Parliament had acquired by it yet the House would by no means approve it but on the contrary made the following Votes Resolved c. That this House doth utterly Disapprove of the Proceedings of Collonel Monk in the Treaty and Cessation made
might be raised by desperate uninterested Persons against us or the Civil Government of that City whereunto we had cause to fear some loose People might by false and frivolous Suggestions be too easily instigated And to take away all possibility of suspition from the most jealous that we could have any other end to the prejudice of that City the Guards we proposed were but one hundred Foot and fifty Horse and those to consist entirely of those of your own Religion and such as by having been constantly of your Confederacy are interested in all the benefits of the Articles of Peace To this we received no positive reply but in an uncertain manner were told by the said Aldermen of some Uproar raised by a Fryer in opposition to the desires and intentions of the Mayor and principal Citizens touching our coming thither Whereupon we thought not fit to subject his Majesty's Authority placed in â—s to a possibility of being affronted by a wild Rabble of mean People but rather to expect the issue of more setled Councils Wherein we hope will be taken into consideration not only by what power you were first made a Corporation and by whose protection you have since flourished but also what solid foundation of Safety other than by receiving the Defence we offer is or can be discovered to you by the present Disturbers of your Quiet To conclude We expect your present Answer that in case we be encouraged to proceed in the ways we have laid down of serving the King and preserving that City from the Tyranny of the Rebels we may immediately apply ourself thereunto or failing in our desires therein we may apply ourself and the Forces we have gathered to that purpose to some other Service And so we bid you heartily Farewel From Shanbuolly the 14 of June 1650. To Our very loving Friend the Mayor of the City of Limerick These Your Loving Friend ORMOND But we must leave this rebellious City for a while to attend the Popish Bishop of Clogher who was so considerable a Man and so zealous in the Interests of the Church that by help of the Nuntio Party he expected to be made Generalissimo of all the Confederates and the better to fit himself for it he revived the National Distinction between old and new Irish and thâ—se latter being of English extraction he turn'd out of his Army and left none in but Macs and Oâ—s and then he thought himself so powerful that he gave his Forces the Name and Title of The Confident Victorious Catholick Army of the North Nevertheless on the 20th of May he and all his Officers had published a Declaration to wheedle such of the Scots and British as opposed the Parliament wherein they pretended great Loyalty And that as misconstruction and mistake made the Scots at first to rise against his Majesty who was their own flesh and blood so it was likewise misunderstanding that occasioned the falling out between the Irish and the Scots in the beginning of these Wars and therefore all should be forgotten and all distinctions of Nation and Religion should be postpon'd and sacrificed to his Majesty's interest and service But I suppose few of the Protestants were so simple as to be cajolled with that hypocritical Declaration for though many upon the principles of Loyalty did still continue their desires to serve the King yet they would by no means joyn with those that had purged their Army even of such Papists as were of English extraction And that the Reader may know that Confidence in Ireland is no certain symptom of Success I will make what hast I can to bring this Confident Victorious Catholick Army of the North to their total Defeat at the Battle of Skirfolas It was on the 14th of April that Sir Charles Coot being in the Lagan sent to Collonel Venables then in Claneboy to meet him at the Rendezvouz near Charlemont with what speed he could but the Bishop of Clogher having about the same time surprized Toom and passed over some Horse and Foot into the County of Antrim Venables was countermanded and was ordered to retake the Castle of Toom and Coot at the same time marched into the Barony of Loghinsolin to countenance that Attempt and to keep three Irish Regiments of Foot and five Troops of Horse that were in that Barony so employed that they might not disturb Venables and it succeeded according to expectation for Venables had Toom surrendred to him and Coot got good store of prey and returned to Dungannon but for want of Provisions he was forced to march to Omagh and the Irish Army came to Charlemont so that they were in the middle between Coot and Venables Hereupon Coot after several ineffectual experiments to get the Bishop from his ground or to joyn with Venables was necessitated to pass the River of Loghfoil so that the Bishop ravaged over the whole Country and though he was manfully repulsed at Lemavaddy by Major Dudly Phillips yet he took Dungeven by Storm after a gallant defence made by Lieutenant-Collonel Beresford and had Bally-castle pittifully surrendered to him Nevertheless he was sometimes disturbed by Major King who had three Troops of Horse and three hundred Foot at Inniskilling but that was not so considerable as to hinder the Bishop's resolution of passing over Clody-foard to fall upon Sir Charles Coot's party which he performed with great dexterity and courage but Coot who was aware of this had provided another retreat at Breagdough behind the River that runs into Loghswilly and though the Irish strove hard for that pass yet it was in vain for Coot maintained the pass and by this means Venables had an opportunity to march from Colerain to Derry and thence might ferry over to the Camp The Bishop who was a Man of great parts soon perceived his Error and saw there was no way to remedy it but either to fight or return over the River before Venables could come up and accordingly he put his Army in Battallia and faced the English but Coot who had with him but his own Regiment of Horse and four Troops of Coll. Richard Coot's and 300 Country Horse under Coll. Sanderson and about 2000 Foot had no reason to fight until Venables should arrive however they continued pickeering for many hours and in the evening the Bishop drew towards the pass but being disturbed by Coot's Horse and having lost sixty Men he posted himself at Litterkenny having before sent a party to take in Castle-Doe and to bring in Provisions Whereupon Coot being re-inforced with a 1000 of Venables's Foot wafted over from Derry took advantage of that opportunity and faced the Bishop and resolved to fight Battle of Skirfolas in short it came to a Battle at Skirfolas two mile above Litterkenny on the 21st of June the English being 800 Horse and 3000 Foot and the Irish 4000 Foot and 400 Horse but the ground was so rough that the Horse could do little service on either side
Peck full of Charms some of which had it thus written upon them This is the print of our Lady's Foot and whoever wears it and says twenty Ave Maries shall be free from Gun-shot And the like Charms were to free them from Pike or Sword as the party desired it And lastly that a bold Horse of the Lord Broghill's being ' twice wounded in this Battle became afterwards so cowardly that he was fit for nothing but the Coach But 't is time to return to Ireton who signified his Joy at this Victory by three Vollies of Shot throughout his Camp Nevertheless he found no likelihood of taking the City but on the contrary received many brisk Sallies from them in one of which they slew three hundred of his Men so that probably he had gone without it for that Year if the Town 's Men who had been always mutinous had not continued in the same humour still and pressed for a Parly Whereupon the Clergy threatned to Excommunicate them if they offered to Treat with the Enemy which in effect was they said To give up the Prelates to be slaughtered And they did actually fix a perpetual Interdict upon the Church-doors and other publique places but alass those Fulminations had been too loosely and impertinently used to retain any vertue now in time of need So that without any regard to them Colonel Fennell seized on St. John's Gate and the Mayor supplied him with Powder and countenanced him in the resolution to give up that Post to the Enemy unless the Garrison would consent to Capitulate In fine they did on the 29th day of October surrender that strong and important City upon severe Articles wherein the Governour the Bishop of Limerick and twelve more were excepted by Name as to Life and some of them particularly the Bishop of Emly and Alderman Dominick Fanning were executed it was computed that they lost 5000 People in the City during the Siege mostly by the Plague and other Sickness nevertheless after the surrender there marched out 1300 Souldiers and there still remained in the City 4000 Irish-men able to bear Arms. Limerick being thus taken and Sir Hardress Waller being made Governour of the City Ireton on the Fourth of November march'd towards Galway and being joyn'd with Sir Charles Coot they took Clare from whence Ireton sent a Message to the Town of Galway offering them good Conditions if they submit without putting him to farther trouble and severely threatning them if they refused the proffered Articles and it is probable these Comminations might have made impressions upon them if Ireton's Death which hapned at Limerick on the Twenty-sixth of November had not given them respite But it must not be forgotten that during the Siege of Limerick Sir Charles Coot encountered a Party of Fitz-Patrick's and O Dwir's Forces that had retaken Meleke Island and tho' they behav'd themselves so well that they bafled his Foot two or three times yet by the bravery of his Horse he worsted them at last and killed and drowned 300 of them and made the same Number accept of Quarter for Life But Ireton being dead the Parliament Commissioners at Dublin appointed Lieutenant-General Ludlow Commander in Chief of the Army until further Order should be taken in England in that matter And in the mean time Sir Charles Coot blockt up Galway at a distance and when Ludlow came to him they drew so near that the Assembly which sat there did in February importune the Lord Deputy to permit them to Treat with the Enemy about Conditions for the Settlement of the Nation protesting That they would insist upon advantagious and profitable Terms but the Lord-Deputy knowing it was more proper for him than for them to Treat for the Nation did on the Fourteenth of February write to the Commander in Chief of the Parliament's Forces upon that subject but he had no grateful Reply the English being resolv'd not to admit any Treaty for the Nation in general but those that would Capitulate should do it onely for themselves or the Towns and Places they respectively belong'd unto The Year 1652 began with the Surrender of Galway to Sir Charles Coot which happened on the Twelfth of May before any Storm or Assault was attempted and without consulting the Lord-Deputy tho' he was within half a days Journey of the place but indeed they had better Conditions than they could have had if the Parliaments Commissioners had been made acquainted with the matter and perhaps there was reason for it because the Town was exceeding strong and the loss thereof carried with it the Fate of Ireland and the determination of the Rebellion for what little Contests happened from henceforward do hardly deserve the Name of A Tory War Roscomon and James-Town were Surrendered to Col. Reynolds on the 27th of April and in Munster there was not a Garrison left them but Ross in the County of Kerry which being a Castle in an Island was thought impregnable but Ludlow caused a small Ship to be made and had it carried over the Mountains and set a float in the Lough at the sight of which the Irish were so astonish'd that they yielded up the place on the 27th of June and Inchylough was also surrendered to Col. Zanky on the first of August and about the same time the Lords of Westmeath and Muskry O Connor Roe Sir William Dungan Sir Francis Talbot and others submitted upon these Conditions ☞ That they should abide a Tryal for the Murders committed in the beginning of the Rebellion and those that onely assisted in the War were to forfeit two Thirds of their Estates and be Banished And tho' the Lord-Deputy did on the 16th of May take Ballishannon and the Castle of Donegal yet both those places together with Sligo and Ballymote were soon regain'd by Coot and Venables and the Lord-Deputy forc'd to shelter himself in the Isle of Carrick and having no part to friend nor any Party he could trust he also submitted upon very honourable Conditions Of not having any Oath imposed upon him and of having liberty to transport 3000 Men into the Service of any Prince in Amity with England And so on the 16th of March he was transported to England in a Parliament Ship and not long after died in London In the mean time Col. Charles Fleetwood who had married Ireton's Widdow was made Commander in chief of the Forces in Ireland he landed in the latter end of August and found the Military Service of the Kingdom in a manner finish'd so that what remain'd to manage were the Civil Affairs which were committed to him and the rest of the Commissioners of Parliament And they began their Administration of those Matters by Erecting a High Court of Justice to try those that were accus'd of the barbarous Murders committed in this Rebellion The first Court of this sort that was held in Ireland was upon the 4th of October at Kilkenny before Justice Donelan President and Commissary-General Reynolds
the Pale from appearing at Dublin and forc'd them to defend themselves however they sent his Majesties sworn Servant Lieutenant Collonel Read to represent their Case to his Majesty but he was not only stopped but also Racked at Dublin 10. That the Lord President of Munster by direction of the Lords Justices that Province being quiet put to death Men Women and Children without distinction and mistrusted and threatned the Catholick Nobles and Gentry and Arm'd inferior fellows and the Province of Conaught was used in like manner so that in these Provinces the Catholicks were forc'd on their defence still waiting his Majesties Pleasure and ready to obey his Commands whilst the Lords Justices c. were busie by Addresses to the Malignant Party in England to deprive the Irish of all hopes of his Majesties Justice and Mercy and to plant a perpetual enmity between the Enemy and them 11. That whereas Ireland since the Reign of Hen 2. hath had its own Parliament with equal Power Priviledges c. to that of England and only dependant on the Crown in all which time there is no President that a Statute made in England had any force in Ireland until Enacted there Now by false suggestions an Act of Adventurers 17 Car. hath past in England whereby the Irish unsummon'd and unhear'd are declared Rebels and two Millions and a half of Acres of their Land dispos'd of which Act tho' forc'd on his Majesty and in it self unjust and void yet continues of evil consequence and extream prejudice to his Majesty and totally destructive to the Irish Nation for tho' the scope seems to aim at Rebels only yet the words include all the Irish and takes away many of his Majesties Tenures and much of his Revenue and therefore they protest against it as an Act without President and against the Kings Prerogative and the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom and by colour whereof the Protestant Army disavow his Majesties Authority and depend on the Parliament 12. That strangers in Dublin being banish'd thence by Proclamation were by direction of the Lords Justices pillaged as soon as they got without the Town and what they left in the Town was confiscated and their desire to return under Protection was denyed that Catholicks quiet and under Protection were by the Lords Justices Order sooner destroy'd plundered or killed than those in Action and Quarter daily violated and others that came to Dublin for retreat and shelter were Imprisoned and Tryed for their Lives and Dublin Cork Youghall Kinsale and Tredagh that opened their Gates to his Majesties Forces are worse us'd than the Israelites in Egypt so that it will be made appear that more murthers breaches of publick Faith and Quarter more destruction and desolation and more cruelty not fit to be nam'd were committed in less than Eighteen Months by the direction and advice of the Lords Justices and their Party of the Council than can be parallel'd to have been done by any Christian people 13. That the Lords Justices have against the fundamental Laws procured several Sessions of Parliament tho' Nine parts of Ten of the genuine Members are absent it being inconsistent with their safety to come under the Power of the Lords Justices and in their room are Clerks Soldiers and Serving-men introduc'd into the House of Commons not at all Elected or not Legally Chosen and not having Estates however they have made Orders and releas'd Traytors Impeach'd in full Parliament and passed or might have passed some Acts against Law and prejudicial to his Majesty and the Nation and have also kept Terms only by false and illegal Judgments and Outlaries to Attaint many thousand good Subjects without Summons or Notice and obscure Men are made Sheriffs and Servants and Mechanicks are made Jurors to pass upon the Lives and Estates of those who came in upon Protection and publick Faith Wherefore and to settle the Revenue and prevent desolation and effusion of Blood and to procure the satisfaction of his Subjects who were willing to imploy 10000 men in defence of his Royal Rights they pray his Majesty to give gracious Answers to these Just complaints and to call a Free Parliament in an indifferent place before some Person of Honor and Fortune of approved Faith to his Majesty and acceptable to the People of Ireland who may be speedily Invested with the Government and that in such Parliament their grievances may be redress'd and Poynings Act suspended pro hac vice and either continued or Repeal'd as shall be thought fit and that no matter whereof complaint is made in this Remonstance may debar Catholicks from Sitting and Voting in such Parliament c. Delivered by the Lord Gormanstown Sir Lucas Dillon Sir Robert Talbot John Welsh Authorized by the Confederates 17 March 1642. to his Majesties Commissioners at Trim to be presented to the King Appendix VI. The Substance of the Answer of the Protestant Committee to the false and scandalous Remonstrance of the inhumane and bloody Rebels of Ireland given unto His Majesty at Oxford in May 1644. THAT the Remonstrants were not necessitated to take up Arms for their Religion for they were not troubled or so much as questioned about it for a long time before the Rebellion nor for His Majesties Prerogative for there were no Opponents of it in Ireland except the Remonstrants who have usurped all the King's Prerogatives as well as the Subjects Estates and have printed an Order of their general Assembly to exclude all Temporal Government and Jurisdiction but what is approved or instituted by that Assembly or the supream Council nor for their Lives Liberties and Estates because they had the Protection of the Law and His Majesties Government and not one Instance can be produced that a Papist quatenus a Papist ever suffered unpunished Violence from a Protestant either in Person or Estate except in open Rebellion And as to the just Liberties of Subjects wherein the Protestants are as much concerned as the Remonstrants they were never so fully and freely enjoyed in Ireland as at the Time of the Insurrection so that there was no Necessity to murther and rob the Protestants for the Preservation of the Confederates Nor have any of their Addresses since the Rebellion been slighted or suppressed Their first was from Cavan of the Sixth of November and received a mild and favourable Answer and was forthwith certified to the Lord Lieutenant The second was from seven Lords of the Pale then in Rebellion who refused upon safe Conduct to come to the State but desired Commissioners might be appointed to confer with them and though such a Condescention was thought dishonorable since it was the others duty to come to the Government yet both the Request and Answer were transmitted to the Lord Lieutenant Their third Address was from the united Lords by the Mediation of the Earl of Castlehaven 23 d. of March when His Majesties Army had raised the Siege of Tredagh and were Masters of the Field however
contribution was worth And the Subsidies were not only First proposed by the Protestants but would never have been consented to by the Papists if they had not found the number of the Protestant Members sufficient to out-vote them and therefore when several of the Protestants were absent with the new Army near Carrigfergus and upon several pretences excluded and Popish Members chosen in their Room so that the Popish Party was most numerous Then the Subsidies which before were One and Forty Thousand Pound apiece were by them reduced to Twelve Thousand Two Hundred Pound apiece whereby the forwardness they boast of sufficiently appears to be untrue And as to Proportion the Protestants besides what the Clergy contributed paid above a Third part of the whole and how it was disposed of appears by the Accounts of the Officers and very much contrary to what the Remonstrants have scandalously suggested And if they were as well devoted to the Crown as the Protestants are his Majesty would soon reap considerable profit out of so fruitful and Flourishing a Kingdom to be disposed of as he should think fit To the 6 th that there was an absolute necessity of Disbanding the new Army there being neither Victuals nor Mony left for them and the charge being too great upon the Kingdom as the Remonstrants declared in Parliament when they were moved to contribute towards it however the Lords Justices did not Disband them without his Majesties Warrant for it and they had also the Kings approbation when it was done And now the Reason is manifest why some of the Remonstrants who were engaged in the Conspiracy were so loath to have that Army disbanded viz. because they saw themselves disappointed of such a help and those Arms with a more full hand to execute their Bloody Design upon the Protestants wherein many of that Army concurred and for the same reason they opposed the Transportation of any of those Forces to Spain and the Priests disswaded the Soldiers from going else certainly they would not be backward to rid the Country of those loose Idle Men nor to assist a Catholick Prince of whom soon after they implored Aid against his Majesty But they had another use of those Soldiers in prospect and which is since executed on the Protestants to the full and their fiction that one of the Earl of Strafford's Servants had threatned to blow them up whereupon a Committee was appointed to search under the Parliament House for Powder was only a Trick to discover the Stores for when they found none there they continued their importunity to see where the Magazine was and were discontented at the denial As for the Chimera of bringing Ten Thousand Scots to force the Papists to change Religion and the Speech that Ireland would never be well without a Rebellion to the end the Natives might be Extirpated it is no wonder the Remonstrants whose thoughts were full of Extirpations which they have too fully effected should think the like designed by others but that it is incredible that the Persons named whose Estates are in Ireland and Families are setled there should disturb that Peace they have so long endeavoured to Establish or should desire a Rebellion which would be doubtfull in Success but certain in Desolation And in like manner ridiculous is the Story of Wagers the truth of which is that at the Sheriffs Table at Wexford Assizes a Protestant proposed to a Papist that he would give him Five Pounds and the other should give him Fifty Pounds for it if he did not come to Church within a Twelve Month whereat the Papist not understanding the Joke seemed surprized and protested he would not come to Church within that time why then says a Third Person you will lose the Fifty Pound for it is to be paid if you dont whereat the Jest was understood and it became matter of laughter there though it be one of the Grievances here pickt up to stuff this Remonstrance and one of the Grounds to justifie their bloody Rebellion The Position that Ireland if named is obliged by an English Parliament affects the Protestants as much as the Papists of that Kingdom however it ought to be decided by Arguments and not by Arms Nor should the Resolution of that Point be written in the Blood of so many murthered Innocents but how the Remonstrants should before their Rebellion have notice of any Intention or Protestation of the Parliament of England to introduce a Law for extirpation of Popery is very unaccountable because the Vote that did pass was subsequent to the Insurrections of the Irish and in Detestation of their inhuman Cruelties Nor in truth were the Irish afraid of any Hardships from the English who lived amongst them even with such kindness and confidence as hath proved fatal to the whole party And though now they pretend that the Priviledges of Parliament are violated by sending for a Sitting Member to answer an Impeachment in England yet when that Point was debated in the Case of Sir George Ratcliff who craved the Aid and Protection of the House then one of these Remonstrants could advise the House to take no notice of it lest any variance should arise between the two Parliaments but when the Protestant was sent over then indeed they instructed their Committee to sollice and settle that Point for the future To the seventh the readiness in His Majesty to hear their Grievances which they confess should have obliged them to Loyalty and Obedience to him and at least Neighbourlike Demeanour to his Subjects and not to scandalize His Majesty through his Ministers by false Accusations against them for the Lords Justices did neither hinder the going of the Irish Committee to England nor send any after them to cross or impede their Design nor in any Case misinform His Majesty But on the contrary when they received a Commission dated the 4 th of January 1640 to continue ptorogue or determine the Parliament as they thought fit they believing that the Parliament designed the general good of the Kingdom not only continued it but also gave it all the Countenance they could So that a Noble Peer moved in the Lord's House That it might be recorded to remain to Posterity That the Lords Justices had always ohearfully received their Requests and Messages and wers ready to comply with them and since the Remonstrants by His Majesties Order had view of all the Private Letters if they could have found any such misinformation as they complained of they would have instanced it to His Majesty and not give him Suppositions for Gertainties And as to the Power of Judicature of the House of Lords in Cases Capital His Majesty wrote to know whether there were any Presidents of it and the Lords Justices having consulted the Upper House returned a true Answer that none were to be found nor do the Remonstrants regard that Power but at that Juncture their party being prevalent they thought they had an Opportunity to get
was taken at such a day and hour with all the circumstances at large and Letters to that purpose dated from Drogheda by the Rebels that that besieged it That Dublin was taken and being infinitely Ambitious of gaining the Earl of Ormond to their Part for the greater countenance to their Cause giving out that he was their own which was so long believed by the said followers until that Noble Earl giving daily those Honorable Testimonies to the contrary and they finding it to their cost tho' with the hazard of his own Person further than his place might well allow they are now otherwise satisfied and place him in the rank of their mortal Enemies together with that terror to them Sir Charles Coot and others And thus have I laid down all that I have heard to me related omitting what I find others more largely to insist upon All which their Treacherous vain and Airy projects God disappoint As for my own private sufferings by the present Rebellion I refer them to another Schedule this being so far taken up Hen. Jones Deposed before us March 3d. 1641. Roger Puttock John Stern John Watson William Aldrich William Hitchcock Appendix X. An Abstract of the Examination of Doctor Robert Maxwell afterwards Bishop of Kilmore THAT he observed Sir Phelim O Neal and other Irish overjoy'd at the Scots Invasion of England and as much dejected at the Pacification calling the English base degenerate Cowards and the Scots dishonorable Bragodochios that merchandiz'd their Honor for Mony and being asked the reason of their joy at bad news and their sorrow at good answered That if the Fewd had continued they hoped the Earl of Strafford would have perished in the Combustion That the Irish had frequent meetings Two or Three thousand in a company before the Rebellion and borrowed great Sums of Mony of the English without any apparent necessity but paid little or none that one Mac Case a Priest being disoblig'd by Sir Phelim inform'd the Lord Deputy Wandesford of a Plot but either he was not believ'd or said nothing to the purpose That Phelim O Neal brought home two Hogsheads of Powder under colour of Wine a little before the Rebellion and the Powder was bought by small parcels Ten or Twelve pound at a time in the Names of several Gentlemen and he brag'd that his Servants James Warren and Paul O Neal were in the Plot and apprehended but contrary to his expectation were dismiss'd at Council Table and that some Lord or other spoke for them there That Sir Phelim O Neal said that the Plot was in his Head Five or Six years before he could bring it to maturity and dissembled himself as a Fool to bring it about but since it was concluded on by the Catholick Members of the Parliament he was one of the last it was communicated to That Tirlogh O Neal Sir Phelim's Brother said that the business was communicated by the Irish Committee to the Papists in England who promis'd their Assistance and that by their advice some things formerly resolved on were alter'd and that it was a good Omen and Sign of Divine Approbation that the major part of the Irish Committee were Papists and that whilst the Protestants retir'd to a separate meeting at Chichester-Hall the remaining Papists sign'd a Combinatory writing of this Rebellion in the Tolsel which that Session drew on sooner than was at first intended That Sir Phelim said That if the Lords and Gentlemen of the other Provinces then not in Arms would not rise but leave them in the Lurch for all he would produce their Warrant Signed with their Hands and Written in their own Blood that should bring them to the Gallows and that they Sate every day at Council Board and whispered the Lords Justices in the Ear who were as deep in that business as himself That the Earl of Antrims Sister said Her Brother had taken Dublin Castle being removed thither to that purpose and her Brother Alexander had taken Carigfergus and that all Ireland was in the same Case with Vlster That the British should be preserv'd as long as it was consistent with publick safety and when not ' t is better an Enemy perish than ones self That Alexander Hovenden half Brother to Sir Phelim told him that the Fryers of Drogheda by Father Thomas Brother to the Lord of Slane had the Second time invited Sir Phelim and offered to betray the Town to him and Sir Phelim said of the same Fryer that he said Mass at Finglass on Sunday morning and in the afternoon did beat Sir Charles Coot at Swords and the Fryar being by answered that he hoped to say Mass at Christchurch Dublin within eight Weeks That several of the Irish Officers and Fryers said Why may not we as well fight for Religion which is the Substance as the Scots fight for Ceremonies which are but Shadows and that Straffords Government was intollerable and being answered that it lay no heavier on them than on the British they replied the British were no considerable part of the Kingdom and besides they were certainly inform'd that the Parliament of England had a Plot to bring the Papists to Church or cut them off viz. in England by English and in Ireland by the Scots that they were sure of aid next Spring from the Pope France and Spain and that the Clergy of Spain had already contributed Five thousand Arms and Powder for a whole Year then in readiness That the Priests and Fryers were their best Agents especially Paul O Neal upon whose arrival with advice from Spain the War broke out and since that he had gone to Spain with Letters and return'd back again with instructions in a Month. That being asked why they pretended a Commission from the King and at other times from the Queen they answer'd That it was Lawful for them to pretend what they could in advancement of their Cause and that in all Wars Rumours and Lies served to as good purpose as Arms. That Sir Phelim at first pretended only to Liberty of Conscience but as his Success so his Demands increased viz. To have all Offices of State and Justice in Irish hands and no Army Tithes and Church-Lands be restor'd to the Papists all Plantations since 1 Jacobi Dissanul'd no payment of Debts nor restitution of Goods to the Protestants all Fortiffcations in Popish hands British to be restrain'd from coming over Poynings Act and all Statues against Papists repealed and the Irish Parliament made Independent and even all this would not reduce Sir Phelim without a grant of the Earldom of Tyrone and the Priviledges of O Neal. That Sir Phelim pretended to a Prophesie that he should drive King Charles and his whole Posterity out of England to be profugi in terta aliena in aeternum and that several great Men drank a Health on the Knee to Sir Phelim O Neal Lord General of the Catholick Army in Vlster Earl of Tyrone and King of Ireland That he was informed That
any of them shall joyn with us in this Act following J. A. B. Do in the Presence of Almighty God and all the Angels and Saints in Heaven and by the Contents of this Bible promise vow swear and protest to bear Faith and true Allegiance to Our Soveraign Lord King Charles and the Heirs and Successors of His Body begotten and will defend Him and Them as far as I may with my Life Power and Estate against all Persons that shall attempt any thing against His or Their Persons Honours Estates or Dignities and that I will in exposing my Self Power and Estate joyn with the Irish Army or any other to recover His Royal Prerogatives forcibly wrested from him by the Puritans in the Houses of Parliament in England and to maintain the same against all others that shall directly or indirectly endeavour to suppress or do any Act contrary to real Government as also to maintain Episcopal Jurisdictions and the Lawfulness thereof in the Church-Power Priviledges of Prelates the lawful Rights and Priviledges of the Subjects and I will do no Act or thing directly or indictly to prejudice the Publick Exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion in any of His Majesties Dominions and that I will joyn with and be assisting to the Members in the Common-weal for Redresses to be had of the Grievances and Pressures thereof in such Manner and Form as shall be thought fit by a lawful Parliament and to my Power as far as I may ☜ I will oppose and bring to condign Punishment even to the loss of Life and Liberty and Estate all such as shall either by Force or Practice Councels Plots Conspiracies or otherwise do or attempt any thing to the contrary of any Article clause or thing in this present Oath Vow and Protestatation contained and neither for Hope of Reward of Fear of Punishment nor any respect whatsoever shall relinquish this Oath and Protestation So help me God This Declaration and Oath was entred in the Counsel Book of Kilkeny and this a true Copy thereof Witness my Hand this Ninth of May 1644. Hierome Green Cler. Counsel Kilkeny Appendix XII The Protestation and Declaration of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in Parliament Assembled against the Irish Rebellion the 17th of November 1641. WHereas the happy and peaceable Estate of this Realm hath been of late and is still interrupted by sundry Persons ill affected to the Peace and Tranquility thereof who contrary to their Duty and Loyalty to His Majesty and against the Laws of God and the fundamental Laws of this Realm have traiterously and rebelliously raised Arms seized upon His Majesties Forts and Castles and dispossessed many of his faithful Subjects of their Houses Lands and Goods and have slain many of them and committed other cruel and inhuman Outrages and Acts of Hostility within this Realm The said Lords and Commons in Parliament Assembled being justly moved with a right Sense of the said disloyal Rebellious Proceedings and Actions of the Peesons aforesaid do hereby protest and declare that the said Lords and Commons from their hearts do detest and abhor the said abominable Actions and that they shall and will to their utmost Power maitain the Rights of His Majesties Crown and Government of this Realm and the Peace and Safety thereof as well against the Persons aforesaid their Abbetters and Adherents as also against all foreign Princes Potentates and other Persons and Attempts whatsoever And in case the Persons aforesaid do not repent of their aforesad Actions and lay down Arms and become humble Suitors to His Majesty for Grace and Mercy in such convenient Time and in such manner and form as by His Majesty or the chief Governour or Governours and the Councel of this Realm shall be set down The said Lords and Commons do further protest and declare that they will take up Arms and will with their Lives and Fortunes suppress them and their Attempts in such a way as by the Authority of the Parliament of this Kingdom with the Approbation of his Excellent Majesty or of His Majesties chief Governour or Governours of this Kingdom shall be thought most effectual Appendix XIII His Majesties Proclamation against the Irish Rebellion By the KING WHeras divers lewd and wicked Persons have of late risen in Rebellion in our Kingdom of Ireland surprized divers of our Forts and Castles possessed themselves thereof surprized some of our Garrisons possessed themselves of some of our Magazines of Arms and Ammunition dispossessed many of our good and loyal Subjects of the British Nation and Protestants of their Houses and Lands robbed and spoiled many Thousands of our good Subjects of the British Nation and Protestants of their Goods to great values Massacred multitudes to them imprisoned many others and some who have the Honour to serve us as Privy Councellors of that our Kingdom We therefore having taken the same into our Royal consideration and abhorring the wicked Disloyalty and horrible Acts committed by those Persons do hereby not only declare our just Indignation thereof but also do declare them and their Adherents and Abettors and all those who shall hereafter joyn with them or commit the like Acts on any of our good Subjects in that Kingdom to be Rebels and Traitors against our Royal Person and Enemies to our Royal Crown of England and Ireland And we do hereby strictly charge and command all those Persons who have so presumed to rise in Arms against us and our Royal Authority which we cannot otherwise interpret than Acts of high Rebellion and detestable Disloyalty when therein they spoil and destroy our good and loyal Subjects of the British Nation and Protestants that they immediately lay down their Arms and forbear all further Acts of Hostility wherein if they fail we do let them know that we have authorized our Justices of Ireland and other our chief Governour or Governours and General or Lieutenant-General of our Army there and do hereby accordingly require and authorize them and every of them to prosecute the said Rebels and Traitors with Fire and Sword as Persons who by their high Disloyalty against us their lawful and undoubted King and Sovereign have made themselves unworthy of any Mercy or Favour whereinour said Justices or other Governour or Governours and General or Lieutenant-General of our said Army shall be countenanced and supported by us and by our powerful Succours of our good Subjects of England and Scotland that so they may reduce to Obedience those wicked Disturbers of that Peace which by the Blessing of God that Kingdom hath so long and so happily enjoyed under the Government of our Royal Father and Us. And this our Royal Pleasure We do hereby require our Justices or other chief Governour or Governours of that our Kingdom of Ireland to cause to be published and proclaimed in and throughout our said Kingdom of Ireland Given under our Signet at our Palace of Westminster the First Day of January in the 17 th Year of
doing us Justice nor indeed will any Man in the Country since my Lord of Muskery's departure own a Power of doing right to us But by their diversity of Governments and uncertainty of Governours the Parties Injured are posted from place to place and put to circular and formal courses of Petitioning and Prosecuting by the delay and discouragement whereof they incline rather to sit down with an Injury sustained than to pursue a reparation more grievous in obtaining than the wrong it being in many places unsafe to Travel in their Quarters for any cause whatsoever a Servant of my own being assaulted and attempted to be Murdered in Imokilly for going about my occasions Twelfthly That in November last at a Meeting which I procured in Cappaquin betwixt my Lord of Muskery and John Welsh on their part and other Commissioners on Ours my self being present sundry of these particulars were debated and several of them as the First Second and Fifth sufficiently cleared and evidenced to be injurious to us and that at that time they promised to send unto me within Eight or Ten days such positive orders for redress in those manifest particulars as we could reasonably expect and that in those which were then left doubtful and disputable I should receive the answer of their Supream Council And in all matters besides Commissioners should be assigned to meet with ours within Eight or Nine days to redress all Grievances and to determine all differences But from thenceforth I could never receive any performance of that promise or other satisfaction but having importuned them thereunto I received answer from one of them That more weighty business would not give admission to mine whilst in the interim they keep all things in difference within their own possession and so think it less necessary to descend to any determination By means whereof and of their willful withholding of those Rights whereout I should have raised some reasonable support for His Majesties Forces here more especially by their deteiner of the Three Houndred Pounds worth of Cattle ordered unto me by your Lordship they have driven me to so great Streights and Exigencies that of Nine Hundred Men which I had ready a few Weeks since to send unto his Majesty there remained not Two Hundred to be sent away on Munday last with the Shipping the rest being dispresed through meer want Besides which disadvantage to His Majesties Service the many Injuries Insolencies and Pressures obtruded and Multiplied daily on the poor English doth beget so many heavy clamours and complaints such disencouragements anguish and vexation of Spirit as makes the wretched Souls weary of their Lives and me of the sad and perplexed condition whereunto I am put by having these insufferable and insupportble affronts and difficulties to struggle with whence I implore some immediate rescue suitable to the nature they are of c. Appendix XVIII The Declaration of the Parliament against the Cessation AS it is evident to all the World that this late horrid Rebellion of the Papists in Ireland did without any colour or pretext of Provocation professedly and boldly aim at the destruction of the Protestant Religion the rejecting of the Laws of England and the Extirpation of the British Inhabitants out of that Kingdom So it is no less manifest that this Parliament of England to whom his Majesty hath left the managing of the War against those Rebels hath taken the Troubles of Ireland to heart with that resentment and compassion as may evidence their Zeal to Religion their Love to their Distressed Country-men and Brethren there in these times when the like Jesuitical Practices have cast England into woful Distractions and Unnatural War notwithstanding which the Reducing of Ireland hath still been a chief part of the care of this Parliament and God hath been pleased to bless our endeavours with such success as that those furious Blood-thirsty Papists have been stopped in the carier of their cruelty some part of the Protestant Blood which at first was spilt like Water upon the Ground hath been revenged their Massacres Burnings and Famishings have by a Divine retaliation been repaid into their Bosom and the Protestant Party hath been erected to that condition of Strength and Hope that their Enemies are constrained distrusting their Forces to have recourse to their Craft and Policies and therefore by their subtil Agents at Court and their active Instruments elsewhere have been endeavouring now of a long time to make our Armies in Ireland disaffected to the Parliament what by occasion of their wants not so readily supplyed as their need required what by amusing them with these unhappy differences fallen in here between King and People labouring by that means to divide those Forces into Factions to the end the main work they have in hand might be neglected which is the Prosecuting the War against the Rebels so far brought low in some parts of Ireland that if they can be deprived of the benefit of this Harvest they are not likely to see the next Summer And therefore the Rebels finding that notwithstanding the Distractions here occasioning the slowneâ—s and scarceness of Supplies yet they themselves are in a far worse condition being in a want of most things necessary not only for the maintaining of a War but even of Life the Judgment of God being remarkable upon them in this that as their Bloody and Treacherous Religion made them inhumanely cruel in shedding the Protestants Blood so now the Famine amongst many of them hath made them unnaturally and Canibal-like ☜ Eat and Feed one upon another Therefore that they may have time to expect from their Friends abroad new Supplies both of Victuals and Ammunition and may without molestation reap the Fruit of this Harvest they have laboured a Treaty for a Cessation which Project of theirs doth no less aim at the overthrow of the remainder of the Protestants in that Kingdom than their treacherous taking of Arms at first did intend the destruction of them all for their Cessation and Hostility their War and Peace ☜ are alike to be esteemed of and with those that neither in Peace nor War keep any Faith it is best to be in perpetual Defiance Therefore the Lords and Commons in Parliament assembled according to the continued care of that Kingdom of Ireland do in a special manner take into their consideration the condition thereof upon this occasion of an intended Cessation and so much the rather because it is feared that the Protestant Forces through want of Provisions for their Armies may at last if not relieved be perswaded to admit of this course in hope thereby to procure some means for their subsisting as also because there is too much ground to suspect that if this Cessation should be agreed unto they might have opportunity to joyn with the Popish Party here for their greater strengthning And though it were to have no influence upon this Kingdom yet the evil consequences of it are so
was setled in that Kingdom and is of long Continuance in Cases of some Nature as the beginning thereof appeareth not which seemeth to be by Prescription and hath always been armed with Power to examine upon Oath as a Court of Justice or in the Nature of a Court of Justice in Cases of some Nature and may be very necessary still in many Cases especially for the present till your Majesties Laws may more generally be received in that Kingdom and we conceive that Board is so well limited by printed Instructions in your Majesties Royal Father's Time and by your Majesties Graces in the Seventeenth Year of your Reign that it needeth for this present little or no regulating at all howbeit they refer that to your Majesties great Wisdom and Goodness to do therein as to Law and Justice shall appertain 13. Prop. That the Statutes of the Eleventh Twelfth and Thirteenth Years of Queen Elizabeth concerning the Staple Commodities be repealed reserving to His Majesty lawful and just Poundage and a Book of Rates be setled by an indifferent Committee of both Houses for all Commodities Answ The matter of this Proposition is setled in a fitting and good way by your Majesty already as we conceive amongst the Graces granted by your Majesty to your People of Ireland in the Seventeenth Year of your Majesties Reign to which we humbly refer our selves 14. Prop. That insomuch as the long continuance of the chief Governor or Governors of that Kingdom in that place of so great Eminency and Power hath been a principal Occasion that much Tyranny and Oppression hath been used and exercised upon the Subjects of that Kingdom that your Majesty will be pleased to continue such Governours hereafter but for three Years and that none once employed therein be appointed for the same again until the Expiration of six Years next after the End of the first three Years and that an Act pass to disanual such Governor or Governors during their Government directly or indirectly in Vse Trust or otherwise to make any manner of Purchase or Acquisition of any Mannors Lands Tenements or Hereditaments within that Kingdom other than from your Majesties own Heirs and Successors Answ We humbly conceive that this Proposition tendeth to lay a false and scandalous Aspersion on your Majesties gracious Government over Ireland and that it toucheth very high upon your Wisdom Justice and Power and under Colour of supposed Corruptions pretended to be in the greatest Officer that commandeth under your Majesty there if he continue so long in his Government as may well enable him to find out and discover the true State of the Kingdom and the dangerous Disposition and Designs of the Popish party there to prevent him therein and to turn him out from doing Service before or as soon as he is throughly informed and experienced how to do the same and then to hold him excluded so long that in all likelyhood he shall not live to come to that place the second time which we humbly conceive will be a great Discouragement to any Person of Honour and Fortune to serve your Majesty in that high Trust And for their purchasing Lands in that Kingdom your Majesty may be pleased to leave them to the Laws and punish them severely if they commit any Offence or exercise any Oppressions under Colour of purchasing of any Lands or Estates whatsoever 15. Prop. That an Act may be passed in the next Parliament for the raising and setling of Trained Bands within the several Counties of that Kingdom as well to prevent foreign Invasion as to render them the more serviceable and ready for your Majesties Service as Cause shall require Answ The having of Train-Bands in Ireland for the present cannot under favour be for your Majesties Service or the Safety of that Kingdom for that the Protestants by the said sad Effects of the late Rebellion are so much destroyed that the said Bands must consist in effect altogether of the Confederates Catholicks and to continue them in Arms stored with Ammunition and made ready for Service by Mustering and often Training will prove under Colour of advancing your Majesties Service against foreign Invasions a meer Guard and Power of the Popish Confederates and by force of Arms according to their late Oaths and Protestations to execute all their cruel Designs for extirpation of the Protestant Religion and English Government both of which they MORTALLY HATE however in cunning they dissemble it and to prevent the setling an Army of good Protestants without which your Majesties good Subjects cannot live securely there 16. Prop. That an Act of Oblivion be passed in the next free Parliament to extend to all your Majesties said Catholick Subjects and their Adherents for all manner of Offences Capital Criminal and Personal and the said Act to extend to all Goods and Chattels Customs Mesne Profits Prizes Arrears of Rent taken received or incurred since these Troubles Answ We humbly pray that the Laws of force be taken into consideration and do humbly conceive that your Majesty in Honour and Justice may forbear to discharge or release any Actions Suits Debts or Interests whereby your Majesties Protestant Subjects who have committed to Offence against your Majesty or your Laws shall be barred or deprived of any of their legal Remedies or just Demands which by any of your Majesties Laws and Statutes they may have against the Popish Confederates who are the only Delinquents or any of their party for or in respect of any Wrongs done unto them or any of their Ancestors or Predecessors in or concerning their Lands Goods or Estates since the contriving or breaking forth of the Rebellion the said Confederates having without provocation shed so much innocent Blood and acted so many Cruelties as cannot be parallelled in any Story And we conceive it to be high presumption in them upon so weak Grounds to propound an Act of Oblivion in such general Terms some of the Comederates having been Contrives or Actors of such cruel Murthers ☞ and other Acts of Inhumanity as cry to God and your Sacred Majesty for Justice and they having of your Majesties Revenues Customs Subsidies and other Rights of your Crown in their hands are disbursed by them to the Value of Two Hundred Thousand Pounds and more 17. Prop. For as much as your Majesties said Catholick Subjects have been taxed with many inhuman Cruelties which they never committed your Majesties said Suppliants therefore for their Vindication and to manifest to all the World their desire to have all such hainous Offenders punished and the Offenders brought to Justice do desire that in the next Parliament all notorious Murthers Breaches of Quarter and inhuman Cruelties committed of either Side may be questioned in the said Parliament if your Majesty think fit and such as shall appear to be guilty to be excepted out of the said Act of Oblivion and punished according to their Deserts Answ We conceive this Proposition is made but for a flourish
secured in their Persons Estates and Goods that they have in Ireland and that they may live quietly and securely under the Protection of the said Parliament and their Forces either within England Ireland or Wales and that they shall enjoy those their Estates and Goods without any molestation or question from the said Parliament as any others do who have not offended the said Parliament they submitting to all such Ordinances of Parliament made or to be made as all others do submit unto who have never offended the Parliament 3. Item It is fâ—rther agreed and concluded and the said Arthur Annesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Ormond that all Protestants whatsoever of the Kingdom of Ireland not having been in the Irish Rebellion who have any Estates or Lands in England though they have of late consented or submitted either to the Cessation of Armes or the Peace concluded with the Irish Rebbels may compound for the same at the raâ—e of two years profit as they were before the beginning of these troubles they submitting to such Ordinances of Parliament as all Persons now compounding in England do submit unto Provided that they effectually prosecute the same within six months after the publication of this Article 4. Item It is agreed and concluded upon and the said Arthur Annesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Ormond that such as have come under contribution and do now live in the English Quarters and will continue payment of contribution shall be protected in their persons and estates as well from the violence of the Souldiers under the Parliament as of the enemy and this to be extended to all without any distinction of offence or religion and that they shall receive Safeguard by the countenance of the Forces under the Parliament 5. Item It is agreed and concluded upon and the said Arthur Annesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Onmond that the said Lord Marquess shall enjoy his Estate without molestation or disturbance from the Parliament and shall have indemnity against all debts contracted by reason of any goods Money Debts or Victuals taken up by vertue of any Warrant signed by him and the Councel from any person for the maintenance and support of the Army or any of the Garrisons now under his Lordships Command 6. Item It is agreed and concluded upon and the said Arthur Annesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Ormond that he shall be protected in his person and goods for the space of twelve Months against all Suits Arrests molestation or disturbance from any person whatsoever for any debt owing by him to any person whatsoevert before the Rebellion in Ireland 7. Item It is agreed and concluded and the said Arthur Annesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Ormond that the said Lord Marquess and all such Noblemen Gentlemen and Officers as shall be desirous to go with him or by themselves into any place out of Ireland shall have free passes for themselves their Families Goods and travelling Arms and a competent number of servants sutable to their respective qualities Provided they demand the said passes within twenty days after the date of these Articles and the said passes are to be in force for three months and no longer after the date of the said passes 8. Item It is agreed and concluded and the said Arthur AAnnesley c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess of Ormond that he shall have liberty to come and live in England with the like liberty that others have he submitting to all Ordinances of Parliament and for the time of twelve moneths shall not be prest to any Oaths he engaging his honour to do nothing in the mean time that shall be disservice to the Parliament 9. Item Forasmuch as in the sixth Article of the said Lord Marquess of Ormonds additional instructions to Sir Gerrard Lowther Sir Francis Willoughby and Sir Paul Davies it is affirmed by his Lordship that the sum of thirteen thousand eight hundred seventy seven pounds fourteen shillings nine pence is less than the sum disbursed by his Lordship for the maintenance of the Garrisons of Dublin Dundalke Newry Narrow water Green Castle and Carlingford which sum upon Accompt ☜ appeared to the Councel of this Kingdom and to us by their Certificate to be disbursed as aforesaid it is therefore concluded and agreed and the said Arthur Annesly Esq c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude agree and undertake to and with the said Lord Marquess that upon performance of what is undertaken by his Lordship he shall receive three thousand pounds in mony to answer his occasions in and until his Transportation and likewise Bills of exchange to be accepted by sufficient men in France or Holland to pay unto him ten thousand eight hundred seventy seven pounds fourteen shillings and nine pence of currant mony of and in England either in English mony or such other Coyns as shall be of equal value or worth as so much English mony to be paid to such as his Lorship shall appoint to wit the one half at fifteen days after sight and at six months the other half 10. Item It is agreed and concluded and the said Arthur Annesly Esq c. do for and in the behalf of the Parliament of England conclude and agree and undertake to and with the said Loâ—â— Marquess of Ormond that there shall be pensions to such as the said Commissioners shall think fit forthwith ascertained to the value of two thousand pounds sterling per annum unto such of the Civil and Martial List as also of the distressed Clergy as shall be thought meet to extend it to in such way as may give best satisfaction those Pensions to continue during the Wars till they can receive the like benefit by their own Estates And to the end that upon publication of the Articles these popish Recusants who have not assisted nor adhered to the Rebellion in this Kingdom may be incouraged to continue in their habitations and in enjoyment of their Estates with confidence 't is declared by the said Arthur Annesly Esquire c. in behalf of the Parliament of England that the said Parliament will take them into consideration for favour according as they shall demean themselves in this present Service and thereof they are hereby assured IN WITNESS whereof the said Lord Marquess
the matters assented unto in this Article be passed as Acts of Parliament in the said next Parliament 9. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is graciously pleased that places of command honour profit and trust in his Majesties Armies in this Kingdom shall be upon perfection of these Articles actually and by particular instances conferred upon his Roman Catholick Subjects of this Kingdom and that upon the distribution conferring and disposing of the places of command honour profit and trust in his Majesties Armies in this Kingdom for the future no difference shall be made between the said Roman Catholicks and other his Majesties Subjects But that such distribution shall be made with equal indifferency according to their respective merits and abilities and that all his Majesties Subjects of this Kingdom as well Roman Catholicks as others may for his Majesties service and their own security arm themselves the best they may wherein they shall have all fitting incouragement and it is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that places of command honour profit and trust in the civil Government in this Kingdom shall be upon passing of the Bills in these Articles mentioned in the next Parliament actually and by particular instances conferred upon his Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects of this Kingdom and that in the distribution conferring and disposal of the places of command honour profit and trust in the civil Government for the future no difference shall be made between the said Roman Catholicks and other his Majesties Subjects but that such distribution shall be made with equal indifferences according to their respective merits and abilities and that in the distribution of ministerial offices or places which now are or hereafter shall be void in this Kingdom equality shall be used to the Roman Catholick Natives of this Kingdom as to others his Majesties Subjects and that the command of Forts Castles Garrisons Towns and other places of importance in this Kingdom shall be conferred upon his Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects of this Kingdom upon perfection of these Articles actually and by particular instances and that in the distribution conferring and disposal of the Forts Garrisons Towns and other places of importance in this Kingdom no difference shall be made between his Majesties Roman Catholick Subjects of this Kingdom and other his Majesties Subjects but that such distribution shall be made with equal indifferences according to their respective merits and abilities and that until full settlement in Parliament fifteen thousand foot and two thousand and five hundred Horse of the Roman Catholicks of this Kingdom shall be of the standing Army of this Kingdom And that until full settlement in Parliament as aforesaid the said Lord Lieutenant or other Chief Governour or Governours of this Kingdom for the time being and the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall diminish or add unto the said number as they shall see cause from time to time 10. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that his Majesty will accept of the yearly rent or annual sum of of twelve thousand pounds sterling to be apploted with indifferencey and equality and consented to be paid to his Majesty his Heirs and Successors in Parliament for and in lieu of the Court of Wards in this Kingdom tenures in Capite Common Knights service and all other tenures within the cognizance of that Court and for and in lieu of all Wardships primer-seisins fines ousterlemains liveries intrusions alienations measne rates releases and all other profits within the cognizance of the said Court or incident to the said tenures or any of them or fines to accrew to his Majesty by reason of the said tenures or any of them and for and in lieu of respits and issues of homage and fines for the same And the said yearly rent being so applotted and consented unto in Parliament as aforesaid then a Bill is to be agreed on in the said Parliament to be passed as an Act for the securing of the said yearly Rent or annual sum of twelve thousand pounds to be applotted as aforesaid and for the extinction and taking away of the said Court and other matters aforesaid in this Article contained And it is further agreed that reasonable compositions shall be accepted for Wardships fallen since the 23 of October 1641. and already granted and that no wardships fallen and not granted or that shall fall shall be passed until the success of this Article shall appear and if his Majesty be secured as aforesaid than all Wardships fallen since the said 23 of Octob. are to be included in the agreement aforesaid upon composition to be made with such as have grants as aforesaid which composition to be made with the grantees since the time aforesaid is to be left to indifferent persons and the umpirage to the said Lord Lieutenant 11. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that no Nobleman or Peer of this Realm in Parliament shall be hereafter capable of more proxies than two and that blank proxies shall be hereafter totally dis-allowed and that if such Noble Men of Peers of this Realm as have no Estates in this Kingdom do not within five years to begin from the conclusion of these Articles purchase in this Kingdom as followeth viz. A Lord Baron 200 l. per annum a Lord Viscount 400 l. per annum and an Earl 600 l. per annum a Marquess 800 l. per annum a Duke 1000 l. per annum shall loose their Votes in Parliament until such time as they shall afterwards acquire such Estates respectively and that none be admitted in the House of Commons but such as shall be Estated and resident within this Kingdom 12. Item It is further concluded accorded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that as for and concerning the independency of the Parliament of Ireland on the Parliament of England his Majesty will leave both houses of Parliament in this Kingdom to make Declaration therein as shall be agreeable to the Laws of the Kingdom of Ireland 13. Item It is further concluded and agreed upon by and between the said parties and his Majesty is further graciously pleased that the Council-Table shall contain it self within its proper bounds in handling matters of State and Weight fit for that place amongst which the Patents of plantation and the Offices whereupon those Grants are founded to be handled as matters of State and to be heard and determined by his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governour or Governours for the time being and the Council publickly at the Counsel-Board and not otherwise but
directions which shall issue to any such County for the applotting subdividing and levying of the said publick Assessements some of the said Protestant party shall be joyned with others of the Roman Catholick party to that purpose and for effecting that service and the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall have power to levy the arrears of all excises and other publick taxes imposed by the Confederate Roman Catholicks and yet unpaid and to call Receivers and other Accomptants of all former taxes and all publick dues to a just and strict account either by themselves or by such as they or any seven or more of them shall name or appoint and that the said Lord Lieutenant or any other chief Governour or Governours of this Kingdom for the time being shall from time to time issue Commissions to such person and persons as shall be named and appointed by the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them for letting setting and improving the Estates of all such person or persons as shall adhere to any party opposing his Majesties Authority and not submitting to the Peace and that the profits of such estates shall be converted by the said Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governour or Governours of this Kingdom for the time being to the maintenance of the Kings Army and other necessary charges until settlement by Parliament and that the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall have power to applot raise and levy means with indifferency and equality for the buying of Arms and Ammunition and for the entertaining of Frigots in such proportion as shall be thought fit by his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governours of this Kingdom for the time being by and with the advice and consent of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them the said Arms and Ammunition to be laid up in such Magazines and under the charge of such persons as shall be agreed on by the said Lord Lieutenant and the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them and to be disposed of and the said Frigots to be imployed for his Majesties service and the publick use and benefit of this Kingdom of Ireland and that the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall have power to applot raise and levy means with indifferency and equality by way of Excise or otherwise in the several Cities Corporate Towns Counties and part of the Counties now within the Quarters and only upon the Estates of the said Confederate Roman Catholicks all such sum and sums of mony as shall appear to the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them to be really due for and in the discharge of the publick ingagements of the said Confederate Catholicks incurred or grown due before the conconclusion of these Artieles and that the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall be authorized to appoint Receivers Collectors and all other Officers for such monies as shall be assessed taxed or applotted in pursuance of the authorities mentioned in this Article and for the Arrears of all former applotments Taxes and other publick dues yet unpaid and that the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them in case of refractoriness or delinquency may distrain and imprison and cause such Delinquents to be distrained and imprisoned And the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them make perfect books of all such monies as shall be applotted raised or levied out of which books they are to make several and respective abstracts to be delivered under their hands or the hands of any seven or more of them to the several and respective Collectors which shall be appointed to levy and receive the same And that a duplicate of the said books under the hands of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them be delivered unto his Majesties Lord Lieutenant or other chief Governor or Governors of this Kingdom for the time being whereby a perfect account may be given and that the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of therâ—s shall have power to call the Councel and Congregation and the respective supream Councels and Commissioners General appointed hitherto from time to time by the said Confederate Roman Catholicks to manage their publick affairs and all other persons accountable to an account for all their Receipts and Disbursments since the beginning of their respective imployments under the Confederate Roman Catholicks 28. Item It is concluded accorded and agreed by and between the said parties and his Majesty is graciously pleased that for the preservation of the peace and tranquility of the Kingdom the said Lord Lieutenant and the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall for the present agree upon such persons who are to be authorized by Commission under the great Seal to be Commissioners of the Peace Oyer and Terminer Assises and Goal Delivery in and throughout the Kingdom to continue during pleasure with such power as Justices of the Peace Oyer and Terminer Assizes and Goal delivery in former time of Peace have usually had which is not to extend unto any crime or offence committed before the first of May last past and to be qualified with power to hear and determine all civil causes coming before them not exceeding ten pounds Provided that they shall not intermeddle with Titles of Lands provided likewise the authority of such Commissioners shall not extend to question any person or persons for any Shipping Cattle or Goods heretofore taken by either party from the other or other injuries done contrary to the Articles of Cessation concluded by and with the said Roman Catholick party in or since May last but that the same shall be determined by such indifferent persons as the Lord Lieutenant by the advice and consent of the said Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon c. or any seven or more of them shall think fit to the end that speedy and equal Justice may be done to all parties grieved And the said Commissioners are to make their Estreats as accustomed of peace and shall take the ensuing Oath viz. You shall swear that as Justice of the Peace Oyer and Terminer Assizes and Goal delivery in the Counties of A. B. in all Articles of the Commission to you directed You shall do equal right to the Poor and to the Rich after your Cunning and Wit and Power and after the Laws and Customs of the Realm and in pursuance of these Articles and you shall not be of Councel of any quarrel hanging before you and the Issues Fines and Amercements which shall happen to be made and all
conventionem dicti Reverendissimus D. Nicolaus D. Hugo Procuratores nostri aut quilibet illorum aget concludet aut determinabit virtute hujus nostrae Commissionis Dat. Galuiae quinto Octobris anno Domini 1650. Franciscus Aladensis Episcopus Procurator D. Joannis Archiepiscopi Tuamensis Fr. Thomas Archiep. Dublimensis Hiberniae Primas Joan. Rapotensis Episcopus Procurator Primatis Ardmachani Walterus Clonfertensis Episcopus Procurator Lacghiniensis Episcopi Fr. Antonius Episcopus Clanmacnosensis Fr. Arthurus Dunen Coneren The Commission to the Bishop of Fernes and Sir James Preston In Dei Nomine Amen MEmorandum quod anno Domini 1651. die vero mensis Aprilis septimo nos infra scripti tam nostro quam omnium fere Procerum Nobilium ac Popularium Catholicorum Regni Hiberniae Nominâ— nominibus quorum sensuum in hac parte consensuum certam exploratam notitiam habemus nominavimus constituimus elegimus deputamus omnibus quibus possumus modo via jure ac ratione Procuratores Agentes negotiorum nostrorum Gestores generales speciales ita ut specialitas generalitati non deroget aut è contra conjunctim etiam divisim si ita opus fuerit in casu mortis aut alterius inevitabilis necessitatis Reverendissimum in Christo Patrem ac Dominum D. Episcopum Fernensem clarissimum ac nâ—bilissimum D. D. Jacobum Prestonium Equitem Auratum ut supra ad agendum tractandum consulendum ac firmiter concludendum cum serenissimo Principe Carolo Duce Lotharingiae quem in Regium Protectorem Regni Hiberniae eligimus nostro omniumque praefarorum nominibus ad agendum cum praefata sua Celsitudine tam in super negotio principâ—li Protectionis memoratae quam in de aliis articulis propositionibus postulatis nostris conventis non conventis tale negotium quomodo concernentibus cum omnibus annexis connexis emergentibus dependentibus aliqua ratione concernentibus generaliter omnia alia in praemissis agendi faciendi ac si nos ipsi praesentes essemus Et quicquid in praedictis fecerint concluserint tractaverint consenserint convenerint cum praefato serenissimo Duce Lotharingiae seu cum ejus haeredibus aut assignatis suis seu cum ejus eorumque agentibus legatis procuratoribus seu aliis quibuscunque mandatum potestatem ad id specialem habentibus uno vel pluribus nos ratum gratum aeceptum habituros promittimus per presentes Et ad id nos ipsos Successores Haeredes nostros aliosque quos possumus in perpetuum obligamus Datum sub signis sigillis nostris anno dieque quibus supra in Praesentia testium infra scriptorum Galviae in Provincia Conaciae Regno Hiberniae praesentis mansionis nostrae seu refugii loco Fr. Thomas Archiepiscopus Dubliniensis Hiberniae Primas Robertus Corcagien Cloanen Episcopus Fr. Antonius Clunamacnosensis Episc Procurator Primatis Hiberniae Walterus Cluanfertensis Procurator Laghlinensis Franciscus Aladensis Episcopus Et nos major seu praetor Galuiensis confirmamus nostris Suffragriis ratificamus praedictum procuratorium et personas in eo nominatas nostros etiam procuratores ut supra constituimus die anno quibus supra cum infra scriptis de concilio nostro Append. XLVIII The Declaration and Excommunication of the Popish Clergy at Jamestown A DECLARATION of the Archbishops and other Prelates and Dignitaries of the Secular and Regular Clergy of the Kingdom of Ireland against the Continuance of his Majesty's Authority in the Person of the Marquess of Ormond Lord Lieutenant of Ireland for the Misgovernment of the Subject the ill Conduct of his Majesty's Army and the Violation of the Articles of Peace Dated at Jamestown in the Convent of the Friars Minors August 12. 1650. THE Catholick People of Ireland in the Year 1641 forced to take up Arms for the Defence of Holy Religion their Lives and Liberties the Parliament of England having taken a Resolution to extinguish the Catholick Faith and pluck up the Nation root and branch a powerful Army being prepared and designed to execute their black rage and cruel Intention made a Peace and published the same the 17th of January 1648 with James Lord Marquess of Ormond Commissioner to that effect from his Majesty or from his Royal Queen and Son Prince of Wales now Charles II hereby manifesting their Loyal Thoughts to Royal Authority This Peace or Pacification being consented to by the Confederate Catholicks when his Majesty was in Restraint and neither He nor his Queen or Prince of Wales in condition to send any Supply or Relief to them when also the said Confederate Catholicks could have agreed with the Parliament of England upon as good or better Conditions for Religion and the Lives Liberties and Estates of the People than were obtained by the above Pacification and thereby freed themselves from the Danger of any Invasion or War to be made upon them by the Power or England where notwithstanding the Pacification with His Majesty they were to dispute and fight with their and his Enemies in the three Kingdoms Let the World judg if this be not an undeniable Argument of Loyalty This Peace being so concluded the Catholick Confederates ran sincerely and cheerfully under his Majesty's Authority in the Person of the said Marquess of Ormond Lord Lieutenant of Ireland plentifully providing vast Sums of Moneys well nigh half a Million of English Pounds besides several Magazines of Corn with a fair Train of Artillery great Quantity of Powder Match Amunition with other Materials for War After his Excellency the said Lord Lieutenant frustrating the Expectation the Nation had of his Fidelity Gallantry and Ability became the Author of almost losing the whole Kingdom to God King and Natives which he began by violating the Peace in many Parts thereof as may be clearly evidenced and made good to the World I. The foresaid Catholicks having furnished his Excellency with the aforesaid Sum of Mony which was sufficient to make up the Army of 15000 Foot and 2500 Horse agreed upon by the Peace for the preservation of the Catholick Religion our Sovereign's Interest and the Nation his Excellency gave Patents of Colonels and other Commanders over and above the Party under the Lord Baron of Inchiquin to Protestants and upon them consumed the Substance of the Kingdom who most of them afterwards betrayed or deserted us II. That the Holds and Ports of Munster as Cork Youghall Kingsale c. were put in the Hands of faithless Men of the Lord of Inchiquin's Party that betrayed the Places to the Enemy to the utter endangering of the King's Interest in the whole Kingdom This good Service they did his Majesty after soaking up the Sweat and Substance of his Catholick Subjects of Munster where it is remarkaable that upon making the Peace his Excellency would no way allow his Loyal Catholick Subjects of Cork Youghall Kingsale and other Garisons
delivered to the Commissioners of Trust in February last that the Clergy and Laity receiving Redress or Justice the Discontent of the Subject might be removed no Amendment appeared after eight Months effluxed but the Evil still continued that occasioned the Ruine of the Nation And we also protest to the whole World having done our best we have no Power to remove the Jealousies and Fears of the People Besides the above Injuries and Violation of the Articles of the Peace against Religion the King's Interest and the Nation nothing appearing before the Eyes of the People but Desolation Waste Burning and the Destruction of the Kingdom three parts of four thereof being come under Contribution to the Enemy Cities Towns and strong Holds taken from them Altars pulled down Churches lost Priests killed and banished Sacraments and Sacrifices and all things holy profaned and almost utterly extinguished Armies and great numbers of Souldiers by them maintained and the Enemy not fought withal those that would fight for them born down and those that would betray them cherished and advanced finally no visible Army or Defence appearing they are come to despair of recovering what is lost or defending what they hold and some inclining for safety of their Lives and Estates do compound with the Parliament perswading themselves no Safety can be to any living under the Government of the LORD LIEUTENANT attended by Fate and Disaster For prevention of these Evils and that the Kingdom may not be utterly lost to his Majesty and his Catholick Subjects this Congregation of Archbishops Bishops and other Prelates and Dignitaries of both Clergies of this Kingdom found our selves bound in Conscience after great Deliberation to declare against the continuance of his Majesty's Authority in the Person of the said Lord Marquess of Ormond premitting this Protestation to the World ☞ that we had never come to such Declaration but that we and the People of this Kingdom generally despair of the Kingdom 's Recovery under his Government as hereby we do declare as well in our own Names and behalf as in the Names and behalf of the rest of the Catholicks of this Kingdom against him the said Marquess of Ormond having by his Misgovernment ill Conduct of his Majesy's Army and the Breach of Publick Faith with the People in several particulars of the Articles of the Peace render'd himself uncapable of continuing that great Trust any longer being questionable before his Majesy for the said Injuries and ill Government to which effect we will joyn with other Members of this Kingdom in drawing a Charge against him and we do hereby manifest to the People they are no longer obliged to obey the Orders and Commands of the said Lord Marquess of Ormond but are until a general Assembly of the Nation can be conveniently called together unanimously to serve against the common Enemy for the Defence of the Catholick Religion his Majesty's Interest their Liberties ☞ Lives and Fortunes in pursuance of the Oath of Association and to observe and obey in the mean time the Form of Government the said Congregation shall prescribe until it be otherwise ordered by an Assembly or until upon application to his Majesty he settle the same otherise And we do fulminate the annexed Excommunication of one Date with this Declaration against all the Opposers of the same Declaration All the good Christians and Catholicks that shall read this our said Declaration forced from us by the Affliction and Disaster of distressed Ireland be pleased to know that we well understand the present Condition of this Nation is more inclining to Ruin and Despair than Recovery yet will we relie upon the Mercy of God who can and will take off from us the heavy Judgment of his Anger War and Plague if we shall amend our wicked Lives and lean like little ones upon the Arms of his Mercy as we cry to him for Remedy let us confess with Tears our Sins saying with the Prophet Isaiah Câ—cidimus quasi folium universi iniquitates nostrae quasi ventus abstulerunt nos non est qui invocet nomen taum Domine non est qui consurgat teneat te abscondisti faciem tuam à nobis allisisti nos in manu iniquitatis nostrae This Language from the Heart will reconcile Heaven to us Et quiescat ira Dei erit placabilis super neâ—uitia populâ— sui Though this Noble-Man hath left us nothing but Weakness and Want and Desolation and that the Enemy is rich strong and powerful God is stronger and can help us and for his own Name-sake will deliver us Dominus Eliae the God of Wonders and Miracles erit etiam nunc apud Hibernos if our Faith prove strong and our Actions sound and sincere We will conclude with St. Paul that Ocean of Wisdom and Doctor of Nations Si Deus pro nobis quis contra nos quis accusabit adversus electos Dei Deus est qui justificat quis est qui condemnat quis ergo nos separabit à charitate Christi Tribulatio an Angustia an Fames an Nuditas an Periculum an Persecutio an Gladius sed in his omnibus superamus propter â—um qui dilexit nos Let nothing separate you from that burning Charity of Christianity and God will ever preserve protect and bless you H. Ardmacan Jo. Archiâ—p Tuam Jo. Rapotens Eugen. Killmor Fran. Aladen Nic. Fermens Procurator Dublin Fr. Anton. Clonmacnocens Walt. Clonfert Procurator Leighlinens Fr. Artur Dunens Connor Procurator Dromorens Fr. Hugo Duacensis Fr. Gul. de Burgo Provincialis Hiberniae Ordinis prâ—â—dicat Jac. Abbas de Conga Comiss generalis Canon Reg. S. Aug. Fr. Thom. Keran Abbas de Duellio Carol. Kelly S. Theologiae Doctor Decan Tuam Fr. Bernard Egan Procurator R. admodum P. Provincial fratrum minorum Fr. Ricar O Kelly Procur Vic. Generalis Kildare Prior Rathbran Ord. predicat Thad Eganus S. Th. D. praepos Tuam Luc. Plunket S. Th. D. Proton Apostolicus Rector Collegii de Kellecu exercitus Lageniâ— Capellan major Jo. Doulaeus juris Doc. Abbas de Kilmanach unus ex procuratoribus Capit. Cler. Tuam Gual Enos S. T. D. Protonot Apostolicus Theâ—aur Fernen procurator prepositi Ecclesiae Collegiaâ—ae Galviensis And we the under-named sitting at Galloway with the Committee authorized by the Congregation held at James-Town 6. Augusti currentis do concur with the above Arch-bishops Bishops and other Prelates and Dignitaries in the above Declaration and withal do now make firm the same as an Act of our own by our several Subscriptions this 23d of August 1650. Thomas Cashell J. Laonen Episcopus Edmun. Limiricen Rob. Corcag Cluan Fr. Teren. Immolâ—cen Jac. Fallon Vic. Apostolicus Acaden The Excommunication mentioned in the above Declaration WHereas we the underwritten Arch-bishops Bishops and other Prelates and Dignitaries sitting in this our present Congregation at James-Town with the Consent and Approbation of the rest through the Dangers of these distracted Times
Lord of Antrim might pass freely earnestly desiring him to undertake the Work but he the Lord of Antrim refused saying He would not go if Ormond would not go also yet was the Lord of Antrim by the pressing Solicitation of Colonel Barry aforesaid perswaded to send some one from himself to the King for intimating what was resolved for his Service and signifying the already disbanding those 8000 Men raised in Ireland by the Earl of Strafford This Dispatch was sent by Captain Digby Constable of the Castle of Dunluce in the North of Ireland belonging to the Lord of Antrim with those Dispatches the said Digby did overtake the King at York he being then on his way to Scotland and from York was Digby returned back to him the Lord of Antrim by the King signifying his Pleasure That all possible Endeavours should be used for getting again together those 8000 Men so disbanded and that an Army should immediately be raised in Ireland that should declare for him against the Parliament of England and to do what was therein necessary and convenient for his Service Upon receiving this the King's Pleasure by Captain Digby he the Lord of Antrim imparted the Design to the Lord of Gormonstown and to the Lord of Slane and after to many others in Lienster and after going into Vlster he communicated the same to many there but the Fools such was his Lordship's Expression to us well liking the Business would not expect our time or manner for ordering the Work but fell upon it without us and sooner and otherwise than we should have done taking to themselves and in their own way the managing of the Work and so spoiled it It being by us demanded of his Lordship how he intended it should be managed He answered That the Castle of Dublin being then to be surprized if the Lords Justices should oppose the Design the Parliament then sitting should declare for the King against the Parliament of England and that the whole Kingdom should be raised for the King's Service and that if the Lords Justices would not join in the Work they should be secured and all others who would or might oppose them should be also secured Which Discourse was freely made by his Lordship without any Caution given us therein of Secrecy yet was it demanded by us Whether his Lordship would give us leave to have the same signified to his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and to the Lord President of Munster His Lordship answered That he gave us free liberty so to do which his Lordship's Discourse we have for our better Remembrance reduced to Writing and testified the same under our Hands to be as aforesaid Signed Henry Clogher Henry Owen Having seen and read this Paper containing the Particulars of a Conference between Me and the Lord of Clogher and Colonel Reynolds and between me and the said Lord of Clogher and Mr. Henry Owen I do hereby acknowledg it to be the same in Substance with what passed excepting where it is said that Captain Digby was by the late King returned with a Dispatch to Me whereas the Dispatch was sent to me from the King by one William Hamerstone and whereas it is said that the said late King appointed that the Army with us to be continued and raised in Ireland should be employed against the Parliament it is to be intended if occasion should be for so doing And I do hereby aver the Truth of all so delivered with the other Corrections and Qualifications thereunto added Witness my Hand this August the 22d 1650. ANTRIM Observations on the Marquess of Antrim's Information FIrst it expresly clears the King from giving any Commission for the Irish Rebellion nor is there any thing in it that can charge his Majesty with the least Thought or Intention that his Protestant Subjects in Ireland should be either plundered or murdered nevertheless when an unthinking Reader finds that the Castle of Dublin was to be surpriz'd he runs away with the Notion that the Irish Conspiracy was pursuant to that Order and the King was in the bottom of that barbarous Rebellion and this perhaps was one design of this Information but the chief end of it was to abuse the World with a Belief that the King was not necessitated to a War with the Parliament by any thing then newly happened in 1642. but that he had projected it long before and had made this Preparation to put it in Execution Secondly This Information cannot be true but either Antrim deceived the World or Burk imposed upon him for besides that Ormond and Antrim was unfit to be joyned in a Commission as well because there were never any good Understanding between them as also because they were of different Religions and Interests how much more obvious and easy less scandalous and more effectual would it have been for the King to have made Ormond Lord-Deputy than to order him to surprize the Castle and the Lords Justices Moreover these 12000 additional Men could not have been raised without Noise and Time nor kept without Money nor Armed at all for there were not 12000 Arms in the Store 23 Octob. and yet 8000 of them were the Arms of the disbanded Men which they were to keep on Foot But it is yet more strange that before any Breach with the Parliament and whilst Matters tended to an Accommodation more hopefully than in some Months before the King should by such a rash and imprudent Action administer such cause of Jealousy to the Parliament at so unseasonable a time whilst he was absent in Scotland as would certainly put the Kingdom of England in a Flame and lose his Majesty the Hearts and Hands of more English Cavaliers than he could gain of Irish-Men But to put this matter out of doubt the King long before he went to York which was in the middle of August knew the Irish Army would be disbanded and therefore consented to license four Regiments to be levied out of them for the Service of the King of Spain as appears by the following Letter copied from the Original ORMOND I Have taken this Occasion by the recommending the Son of one of my faithful Servants to assure you that I very much esteem You and that I do but seek an Occasion to shew it you by more than Words as I commanded the Vice-Treasurer to tell you more fully and in particular concerning the blew Riband of which you may be confident only I desire you not to take notice of it until I shall think it fit The Particular for this Bearer George Porter is to permit him to make up a Regiment of the disbanded Army if he can do it by Perswasion to carry them out of the Country for the King of Spain's Service this is all So I rest Whitehall the 19th of June 1641. Your assured Friend CHARLES R. Moreover how much the King was surprized with the Irish Rebellion will also appear in his Letter to the Marquess of Ormond whom
of Tanistry and Gavelkind abolished 10 Commission of Grace 11 15 32 Case of Tâ—nures 56 Conaught Transactions there An. 1641 97 Anno 1642. 113 Anno 1643. 113 Anno 1644. 146 Anno 1645. 159 Anno 1646. 190 Anno 1647. 198 Anno 1648. 203 Coot Sir Charles slain at Trim 107 Committee of English Parliament sent over and what they did 108 109. Cessation treated of 130 and concluded 133 how resented 133 wherein violated 135 Cessation between the Irish Insiquin 199 Cromwel landed at Dublin C. 2. 7 and takes Tredagh C. 2. 8 and Wexford C. 2. 9 and Ross ibid. 10 and Clonmell ibid. 10 returns to England ibid. 17 Clanrickard Marquess made Lord-Deputy C. 2. 52 High Commission Court and what they did C. 2. 70 D. O Dogharty rebells 13 and is slain 14 E. Earls of Tyrconnell and Antrim created 8 Earl of Castlehaven executed 54 F. Lord Falkland Lord-Deputy 39 has a Controversy with the Chancellor 42 is removed 53 G. Glamorgan Earl sent to Ireland 150 makes a secret Peace with the Irish 154 is committed 155 his Opinion of the Irish 157 Grant Winter his Negotiation 194 Galloway surrendred C. 2. 69 H. Hartegan's Letter 149 I. Irish demand Toleration of Religion 8 43 and obtain Graces 45 whereupon they grow 〈◊〉 53 they desire to inspect the Store 71 and universally rebel 72 and enter into an Association 123 and appoint a Government 125 and send Ambassadors to Foreign Princes 149 197. Instances of their Disloyalty C. 2. 54 Lords Justices Jones and Denham 33 Ely and Powerscourt 36 Ely and Cork 53 Ely and Wandesford 59 Dillon and Parsons 64 Parsons and Burlace ibid. Burlace and Titchburn 127 Inquisitions into the King's Title 56 Ireton has command of the Army C. 2. 17 and takes Waterford C. 2. 56 and Limerick ibid. 69 and dies ibid. K. King James of Irish Extraction 1 his Title to the Crown 2 his Declaration against the Rebel Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnel 12 his Speech to the 〈◊〉 Irish 25 his Answer about Sir Oliver St. John â— 35 King Charles Crowned 41 sends notice of the Irish Conspiracy 65 and Proclamations against the Rebels 86 and surrenders himself to the Scots 164 King Charles II. proclaimed C. 2. 1 declares against the Peace of 1648. C. 2. 34 L. Lalor the Priest indicted of Premunirâ— 11 his Equivocation ibid. London City their Articles with the King about their Plantation in Ulster 16 Lords of Kerâ—y and Slane dispute Precedency 29 Lords Courcey and Saâ—sfield dispute the Title of Kingsale 43 Lord High Steward appointed to try Lord Dunboyn by his Peers 42 Limerick deals barbarously with the Heralds 166 and as bad by the Ld Lieut. C. 2. 21 is taken by Ireton C. 2. 69 Lorrain Duke his Negotiation 25 27 M. Mountjoy Lord made Lord Lieutenant 8 goes to England ibid. Monasteries rebuilt 10 Meleâ—ont surrender'd 82 Munster the Transactions there An. 41. 93 Anno 1642. iii 1643. 129 143 1644. 144 1645. 157 1646. 189 1647. 196 1648. 203 Munster Towns revolt C. 2. 12 Mahonyes libellous Book publish'd 198 N. O-Neil Sir Phelim repuls'd at Lisnegarvy 82 yet refused to treat of Peace 87 Nuncio arriâ—es 153 and opposes conclusion of the Peace 155 and delares against it when made 166 and endeavours to intercept the Lord Lieutenant 169 is Generalissimo of two Armies C. 2. 17 which he march'd to Dublin 17 and prefers a 〈◊〉 Wrâ—tch to a 〈◊〉 20â— and Excommunicateâ— the Supram Council c. 199 and leaves the Kingdom C. 2. 3 O. Ormond comes to Dublin 75 obtâ—â—â—â— a Victory in Kilrush 106 and another at Roâ—â— 3 is made Lord Lieutenant 137 is like to be intercepted by the Nâ—â—â—â—io's Party 169 therefore Treate with the Parliament of England 179 and renews that Treaty 187 and surrenders Dublin 193 but returns to Ireland 202 and concludes the Peace of 1648. 204 marches towards Dublin C. 2. 4 is defeated at Rathmines C. 2. 7 Excommunicated by the Irish C. 2. 31 and leaves the Kingdom C. 2. 5â— Oxford the Negotiation of the Irish Agâ—nts there 138 139 140 141. 〈◊〉 P. Papists generally come to Church 9 are mutinous in the Parliament 23 send Agents to England 25 revolâ—e from the Army 86 Parliament intended in Ireland 18 and called 21 disturb'd by the Papists 22 but 〈◊〉 with Effect 30 Plot of the Irish of Ulster discovered 33 another Plot discovered 56 Pope forbids the Oath of Allegiance 141 sende a Bull to the Irish 12â— Proclamation against Popish Clergy 53 St. Patricks Purgatory discovered to be a Cheat 54 Parliament of Ireland sâ—â—d a Râ—monstrance to England 61 and a Petition with a Schedule of Grievances 164 and impeach the Bishop of Derry 〈◊〉 Lord Chanceller c. 65 i◠〈◊〉 Annâ— 1644. 137 and makes a Remonstrance of Thanks to Ormond 188 Pale Lords and 〈◊〉 of it rebel 76 83 are ill used by the Irish of Ulster 93 Peace 〈◊〉 of Anno 1644. 143 the Treaty resum'd Anno 1645. 150 Lord Digby's Letter to hasten it 151 the Assâ—â—blies Declaration concerning it 152 it is opposed by the Nuntio 155 and â—â—butâ—d in the Assembly 156 but is concluded 162 and published 165 and immediately broken 166 and rejected by the Assembly 185 Peace of 1648 made 204 Preston General proclaims the Peace 165 and breaks it 170 his Letter on that Occasion 170 his O-Neals 〈◊〉 Propositions 173 his Engagement and Oath to the Nuntio 170 yet he agrees with Ormond 181 and breaks that Agreement 182 for which Ormond reproaches him 183 Popish Clergy meet at Kilkenny 123 and at Waterford 166 and at Clâ—anmacnoise C. 2. 14 and deal deceitfully with Insiquin and Ormond C. 2. 19 they meet at Jamesâ—Town C. 2. 25 and Excommunicate the Lord Lieutenant and endeavour to revive their first Confederacy C. 2. 50 53 R. Rebellion of the Irish 1641. 72 â—ruel beyond Example 73 93 and no less treacherous 77 79 82 discovered by Owen Oâ—Conally 74 Lords of the Pale engaged in it 76 Irish pretend the Kings Commission 78 Declarat of Irish Parlm against it 80 the King's Proclamation against it 86 Read Sir John rackâ— and why 104 Remonstrance from Longford 80 from the Irish at Trim 110 Rupert Prince at Kingâ—ale C. 2. 1 S. St. John Sir Olâ—ver Lord Deputy 33 is removed 36 and made Lord Grandison c. 36 Spanlard has liberty to raise 4000 Men in Ireland 71 Supream Council appointed 126 are imprisoned by the Nuntio 170 make Cessation with Insiquin 199 are Excommunicat by the Nuntio ib. T. Tyrone Earl renews his submission â— rebels again 12 and is attaâ—â—â—ed ibid. Tredagh besieged by the Irish 88 taken by Insiquin Cromwel C. 2. 4 8 V. Vniversities of Valadolid and Salamanca their judgment 3 Usher Bishop of Meath preaches before the State 39 but is forced to explain his Sermon ib. Ulster Transactions Anno 1641. 98 Anno 1642. 114 1644. 147 1645. 160 1646. 190 1647. 198 1648. 203 W. Waterford loses its Liberties 34 Wentworth Lord made Ld Deputy 55 calls a Parliament ibid. which gave six Subsidies ibid. be returns to England 57 his Speech at the Council-Board ibid. he returns to Ireland 58 and back to England 59 and returns Earl of Strafford and Lord Lieutenant ibid. holds a Parliament which grants four Subsidies ibid. his Impeachment and Defence 66 A Table to the Appendix I. A Letter from the City of Cork II. Owen O-Conally's Examination III. The Irish Remonstrance from Longford IV. The Lords Justices and Councils Letter to the King V. The Irish 〈…〉 VI. An excellent Answer to it VII The Lord Macgâ—â—re's Examination VIII The Lord of Gâ—rmanstown's Commission IX Dr. Jones's Examination X. Dr. Maxwell's Examination XI The Irish Declaration upon what Terms Protestants might live in their Quarters XII The Declaration of the Irish Parliament against the Rebellion XIII The King 's Proclamat against the Rebellion XIV The Irish Oath of Association XV. The Pope's Bull. XVI The Articles of Cessation XVII The Lord Insiquin's Complaint for the Breaches thereof XVIII The Declaration of the English Parliament against the Cessation XIX A Proclamation of an Irish Governor against Commerce with the English XX. The Army's Remonstrance XXI 〈◊〉 Propositions of the Irish Protestants to the King at Oxford XXII Instructions on which they were founded XXIII The Irish Propositions at Oxford and the Answers 〈◊〉 them XXIV The 〈◊〉 of Peace 1646. XXV The Munster â—â—tition against that Peace XXVI The Articles between Sir Kenelm Digby and the Pope XXVII Articles made with the E. of Glamorgaâ— XXVIII The Kings Letter about Glamorgans Peace XXIX The Determination of the Popish Clergy about restoring Churches to the Protestants XXX The Declaration of the Congregation at Waterford against the Peace of 1646. XXXI The Nuncio's Excommunication of the Aâ—â—erents to the 〈◊〉 of 1646. XXXII Preston's Engagement Oath to Nuncio XXXIII Marquesâ— of Clanrickard's Engagement XXXIV Preston's Engagement to the L. Lieutenant XXXV The Declaration of the Papists against the renewed Peace XXXVI The Declaration of the Assembly against the Peace of 1646. XXXVII Clanrickard's Letter about the Proceedings of the Irish XXXVIII Articles between the Mâ—rquesâ— of Ormond and the Parliament Commissioners XXXIX The Remonstrance of the Army in Munster January 1647. XL. Instructions for the Irish Ambassadors 〈◊〉 Foreign Princes XLI Friar King's Letter to the Tâ—t 〈…〉 XLII Ormond's Declaration on his arrival 1648. XLIII Articles of Peace 1648. XLIV A Circular Letter from the Popish Clergy in approbation thereof XLV Remedies proposed by the Popish Clergy and the Answer XLVI The Address of the Popish Clergy to the Lord Lieutenant and the Answer XLVII The Commissions to the Titular Bishop of Fâ—rns c. to treat with Foreign Princes XLVIII The Declaration and Excommunication of the Lord Lieutenant by the Popish Clergy at James-Town XLIX Marquess of 〈◊〉 Information and the Observations thereupon Errata in the Letter Page 14. line 29. dele fourty Page 17. dele 1678 in the Margent
at London you do not advertise us that Succours are coming our Necessities can admit of no delay but will oblige us to think of some other Course The Instructions from the Council were 1. To demonstrate that the Lord Lieutenant and Officers now employ'd being experienced will be more Serviceable to the Preservation and Reduction of Ireland than any others 2. That we prefer the interest of the Crown of England before our particular advantage and therefore rather than our continuance shall hinder Supplies we will surrender but because Patentees cannot leave their Places without His Majesties allowance and are sworn to that effect you must declare that they will resign So as His Majesties Direction be therein obtained and all of them preserved in Persons and Estates and indemnified from publick Engagements and repaid their Disbursements for the publick and be protected for Six Months from private Debts and have Liberty to transport themselves and their Apurtenances where they please And Pursuant hereunto there were two Sets of Proportions delivered to the Agents the first from the Lord Lieutenant only was 1. That he would prosecute the War against the Irish Rebels as vigorously as he shall be thereunto enabled by the Parliament and will faithfully serve the Crown of England therein 2. That neither the Forces he has nor the Forces or Supplies that shall be sent him shall be otherwise employed than according to the Directions of the Parliament of England 3. That he will neither make Cessation or Peace with the Rebels without Consent of King and Parliament of England 4. That he will be oblig'd hereunto by Oath or otherwayes Competent for a Man of Honor and Conscience The other Proposals were from the Lord Lieutenant and Council demanding 1. Three thousand Foot and Five hundred Horse which will make up those here to be Seven thousand fifteen hundred Foot besides Officers and One thousand Horse besides Officers which at three days Pay in a Week amounts to 8258 l. 12 s. od per Month of Twenty eight days and that three Months Pay for them be sent and 1000 l. for Contingencies and Ammunition c. convenient and some spare Arms and Swords 2. That all that have constantly and faithfully served in this War may be preserved in Persons Estates and Employments and the like by those that were for some time forcibly kept by the Rebels but left them as soon as they could and the same of those that went to serve the King in England and the like of so many of the Irish as are accepted of as Adherents to His Majesties Protestant Subjects in this Cause They also wrote to the Speaker of the House of Lords That they were necessitated to make the Peace and the Irish broke it because the British Plantations in Ulster were not subverted And Secondly because Popery was not established in its fulness of Jurisdiction and Practice That Athlone was surpriz'd That they were reduced to Extremity and refer'd themselves to the farther report of their Agents and prayed immediate Assistance Upon the Receipt of these Letters the Parliament of England resolved to send Succours as fast as they could but well knowing that Ormond and his Party were unmoveably fixed in their Loyalty they resolved not to continue him in the Government but to proceed upon the other Overture and to send Commissioners over to receive the Sword and Garisons from him and that being done to settle such a Chief Governour as they should think fit And accordingly they did send over Sir Thomas Wharton Sir Robert King Sir John Clotworthy Sir Robert Meredith and Richard Salway Esquire Who on the 13th day of November arrived in the Bay of Dublin they immediately sent to the Lord Lieutenant that they had matters of importance for the Preservation of the Protestants of Ireland to Communicate to his Excellency and desired his safe Conduct which was accordingly sent them and the next day they Landed and on the 15th they delivered his Excellency a Copy of their Commission and of the Ordinance of Parliament and of their Instructions which were to this Effect To assure the Marquis of Ormond and Earl of Roscomon c. that the Parliament would take the Protestants of Ireland into their Protection and if he would surrender up the Sword and Garisons in four days that then Ormond should enjoy his Estate and have Indemnity from Debts contracted on the publick Accoâ—â—â—s and shall be protected against all Debts for a Twelvemonth that he and his followers may have Passes to go where they please that Ormond should have Two thousand Pound per annum for five years and longer if he cannot receive so much out of his own Estate and that Ormond may live in England if he will submit to all Ordinances of Parliament and that for a Twelvemonth he may live in England and shall not be pressed to any Oath he engaging his Honour not to do any thing disserviceable to the Parliament during that time Then the Lord Lieutenant demanded if by the word Protection it was intended that the Protestants should enjoy their Lives Liberties Estates and Employments without Molestation of the Parliament he also desired to know when the abovesaid four days were to begin and to what Persons and to whose use the Sword and Garisons were to be delivered The Commissioners answer'd They could not explain the word Protection but doubted not but a fair Interpretation would be made thereof That the four days commenc'd 15 November at Nine in the Morning and the Sword and Garisons were to be surrendred to them the Commissioners to the use of the Parliament of England in order to the Preservation of the Protestants of Ireland Ormond repli'd That he could not remit the Safety of the Protestants to the incertainty of a future Interpretation The Commissioners then produc'd an additional Instruction to give such Protestants as they condition withal except such as have been in the Irish Rebellion Assurance of Security to their Persons Estates and Goods in Ireland and that they may live quietly under the Protection of the Parliament submitting to the Ordinances of Parliament and compounding for their English Estates at two years Purchase On the Sixteenth of November the Commissioners offered Assistances of Men and Ammunition for the present Defence of Dublin or Caution they be employ'd to no other use and be restored if the Treaty break off Then Ormond demanded Whether the Protestants that concluded the Cessation or Peace should be interpreted to be in the Irish Rebellion To which the Commissioners answered in the Negative And being farther demanded Whether they expected every protestant should treat for himself or that Ormond's Treaty should suffice for all they answer'd It should serve for all that submitted to the Parliament within twenty days after notice Then Ormond ask'd Whether it was expected they should submit to all Ordinances of Parliament that were or should be made The Commissioners answer'd He saw the Words and they had no