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A37340 A brief history of the life of Mary, Queen of Scots, and the occasions that brought her and Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, to their tragical ends shewing the hopes the Papists then had of a Popish successor in England, and their plots to accomplish them : with a full account of the tryals of that Queen, and of the said Duke, as also the trial of Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel : from the papers of a secretary of Sir Francis Walsingham / now published by a person of quality. M. D.; Walsingham, Francis, Sir, 1530?-1590. 1681 (1681) Wing D57; ESTC R8596 76,972 72

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as follows FOrasmuch as Almighty God hath ordained Kings Queens and Princes to have Dominion and Rule over all their Subjects and to preserve them in the possession and observation of the true Christian Religion according to his holy word and commandment And in like sort That all Subjects should love fear and obey their Soveraign Princes being Kings or Queens to the utmost of their power at all times to withstand pursue and suppress all manner of persons that shall by any means intend and attempt any thing dangerous or hurtful to the honour state or persons of their Soveraigns Therefore we whose Names are or shall be subscribed to this Writing being natural-born subjects of this Realm of England and having so Gracious a Lady our Soveraign Elizabeth by the Ordinance of God our most rightful Queen Reigning over us these many years with great felicity to our inestimable comfort And finding lately by divers Depositions Confessions and sundry Advertisements out of Foreign parts from credible persons well known to her Majesties Council and to divers others that for the furtherance and advancement of some pretended Title to the Crown it hath been manifested that the Life of our Gracious Soveraign Queene Elizabeth hath been most dangerously designed against to the peril of her person if Almighty God her perpetual Defender of his mercy had not revealed and withstood the same By whose life we and all other her Majesties true and loyal subjects do enjoy all inestimable benefit of peace in this Land DO for the Reasons and Causes before alledged not only acknowledg our selves most justly bound with our Lives and Goods for her defence and in her safety to persecute suppress and withstand all such Intenders and all other her Enemies of what Nation Condition or Degree whatsoever they shall be or by what Council or Title they shall pretend to be her Enemies or to attempt any harm upon her person but do further think it our bounden duties for the great benefit of peace wealth and Godly Government we have more plentifully received these many years under her Majesties Government than any of our forefathers have done in any longer time of any other Progenitors Kings of this Realm to declare and by this writing make manifest our bounden Duties to our Soveraign Lady for her safety And to that end WE and every of us first calling to witness the Name of Almighty God do voluntarily and most willingly bind our selves every one of us to the other jointly and severally in the Band of one firm and loyal Society and do hereby vow and promise by the Majesty of Almighty God That with our whole Powers Bodies Lives and Goods and with our Children and Servants we and every of us will faithfully serve and humbly obey our said Soveraign Lady Queen Elizabeth against all States Dignities and Earthly Powers whatsoever and will as well with our joint and particular forces during our lives withstand pursue and offend as well by force of Arms as by all other means of revenge all manner of persons of whatsoever state they shall be and their Abettors that shall attempt any act or counsel or consent to any thing that shall tend to the harm of her Majesties Royal Person and will never desist from all manner of forcible pursuit against such persons to the utter extermination of them their Counsellors Aiders and Abetters And that any such wicked attempt against her most Royal Person shall be taken in hand or procured whereby any that have may or shall pretend Fitle to come to this Crown by the untimely death of her Majesty so wickedly procured which God of his mercy forbid may be avenged We do not only bind our selves both jointly and severally never to allow accept or favour any such pretended Successor by whom or for whom any such detestable Act shall be attempted or committed as unworthy of all Government in any Christian Realm or Civil State But do also further vow and protest as we are most bound and that in the presence of the eternal and everlasting God to prosecute such person or persons to death with our joint and particular forces and to act the utmost revenge upon them that by any means we or any of us can devise and do or cause to be devised and done for their utter overthrow and extirpation And to the better corroboration of this our Loyal Band and Association we do also testifie by this writing that we do confirm the contents hereof by our Oaths corporally taken upon the Holy Evangelists with this express condition That no one of us shall for any respect of person or causes or for fear or reward separate our selves from this Association or fail in the prosecution thereof during our lives upon pain of being by the rest of us prosecuted and supprest as perjur'd persons and as publick enemies to God our Queen and to our Native Country to which punishment and pains we do voluntarily submit our selves and every of us without benefit of any colour and pretence In witness of all which Premises to be inviolably kept we do to this writing put our Hands and Seals and shall be most ready to accept and admit any others hereafter to this Society and Association Which Association though entred into voluntarily and by persons in their private capacities was so far from offending Queen Elizabeth and the Ministers of State in those times or being lookt upon as seditious that in the next Parliament the same was confirm'd and establisht by Law as follows Anno 27 Eliz. An Act for provision to be made for the security of the Queens Majesties most Royal person and the continuance of the Realm in Peace FOrasmuch as the good felicity and comfort of the whole Estate of this Realm consisteth only next under God in the surety and preservation of the Queens most Excellent Majesty and for that it hath manifestly appeared that sundry wicked Plots and means have of late been devised and laid as well in foreign parts beyond the Seas as also within this Realm to the great endangering of her Highness most Royal Person and to the utter ruin of the whole Commonweal if by Gods merciful Providence the same had not been revealed Therefore for the preventing of such great perils as might hereafter otherwise grow by the like detestable and devilish practises at the humble suit and earnest petition of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and the Commons in this Parliament Assembled and by the Authority of the same Parliament Be it Enacted and Ordained If at any time after the end of this present Session of Parliament any open Invasion or Rebellion shall be bad or made into or within any of her Majesties Realms or Dominions or any act attempted tending to the hurt of her Majesties most Royal Person by or for any person that shall or may pretend Title to the Crown of this Realm after Her Majesties decease or if any thing that he compassed or imagined
tempt God than to hope in him Hereupon Babington and the rest were sought after and having in vain endeavour'd to abscond were apprehended and upon a fair Tryal and their own Confessions condemned and executed Hereupon Queen Elizabeth being much exasperated against the Queen of Scots caused her Cabinets and Papers to be seized wherein many Letters were found and Copies of Letters both to and from Strangers and also from divers Noblemen of England which Queen Elizabeth prudently dissembled and buried in silence As for Gifford who made the discovery he was soon after sent into France under the notion of Banishment Now that this Gifford might be set on work by the Jesuits is very suspitious for 't is very unlikely that he who first labour'd to perswade Savage of the lawfulness and merit of murdering of Queen Elizabeth and came over on purpose to remind him of that Vow should all on a sudden have so tender a Conscience or so much love forsooth to his Prince and Country as of his own accord to discover the Intrigue had he not a secret design to manage thereby which is more probable because 't is plain they were now grown out of hope of restoring their Religion either by the Queen of Scots or her Son and therefore began to set up a feigned Title for the King of Spain and imploy'd one of their Society into England as is affirmed by Pasquier a French Author to draw off the Gentry from her to the Spaniard and to thrust her headlong into these dangerous counsels which brought her to her end and at the same time lest the Guises her kindred should give her any assistance stirred them up to new enterprises against the King of Navarr and the Prince of Conde Nay the Queen of Scots her self was not unacquainted with their designs to set up the Spaniard for amongst other things we find she one time used these words When I being in Prison and languished with care without hope of Liberty and there was not any more hope left for ever bringing to pass these things which very many expected of me in my sickness and declining age many thought it fit that the Succession of the Realm of England should be established in the Spaniard or in a Catholick English man and a Book was brought to prove the Right of the Spaniard which being not admitted by me I offended many History of the Life and Death of Mary Steuart Queen of Scotland dedicated to her Son King James p. 400. But leaving this Conjecture to the Judicious Reader however it was design'd the event proved Funerous to the Scottish Queen for her Secretaries being examined about the Papers found in her Closet of their own accord acknowledged that these in her Name were of their hand-writings but Indited by her in French that she receiv'd Letters from Babington and that they wrote back by her commandment the Answers there found Hereupon the English Queen after some debate resolved to proceed against her upon the before recited Act of 26th of Eliz. But when it was said That according to the Formalities of Law she ought to be Tried at the Assizes by a Country Jury and to hold up her hand at the Bar Queen Elizabeth would by no means hear thereof judging it very unbecoming her Royal Quality and therefore chose rather to issue forth a Commission to divers Noblemen and chief Personages of the Realm together with the Judges c. who met at Fodringhay-Castle in Northamptonshire where she was then kept on the 11th of October 1586. and proceeded as in the subsequent Papers is related And afterwards viz. the 25th of the same Month in the Star-Chamber at Westminster to which time and place the Commissioners had adjourn'd themselves the sentence against her was pronounc'd and confirm'd with the Seals and Subscriptions of the Commissioners Whereupon both the King of Scots and the French King speedily sent their Ambassadors to intercede on her behalf with Queen Elizabeth using all perswasive Arguments that natural affection in the one and likeness of Condition and ancient friendship in the other could suggest But when the loud voice of necessity of State seem'd to drown all their Reasons the French Ambassador l' Aubespine resolves to prevent Blood with Blood and to save the Queen of Scots life contrives to take away Queen Elizabeths and deals with one Mr. Stafford whose Mother was of the Bed-Chamber to Queen Elizabeth about it who having not an heart to act such a Villany himself recommended one Moody a desperate Russian taken out of the Common Goal who for money undertook it But then they could not agree in the manner Moody propounded Poyson or to lay a Bag of Gunpowder under the Queens Bed and suddenly fire it so that the Treason of that kind against King James was not altogether a new invention but the Devil had long before inspired some bloody Papists with the notion but Trap the French Ambassadors Secretary liked neither of there Expedients but would have her kill'd as the Prince of Orange was late before who was shot into the Body with three Bullets by one Balthazar Gerard a Burgundian instigated thereunto by the Jesuits But whilst they were th●● consulting Stafford discovers all whereupon Moody and Trap were apprehended and confest the whole Contrivance This fresh and dangerous Plot much startled Queen Elizabeth who perceiv'd that her own Life could not be safe if she did not proceed to execute the Sentence upon the Scottish Queen For from the prospect of her succeeding to the Crown the Popish Conspirators laid the foundation of all their Trayterous practises Yet never did Clemency and good nature more bravely resist the charms of Interest and dread of danger than in the noble breast of our Queen for how extreamly loth she was to consent to the death of the Queen of Scots appears by the several Applications made by the Parliament to move her thereunto As first at Richmond on the 12th of Nov. Serjeant Puckering Speaker of the House of Commons did in the name of that House represent unto her Majesty the divers apparent and imminent dangers that might grow to her Royal person and to her Realm from the Scottish Queen and her Adherents if remedy were not provided which he delivered as follows First touching the danger of her Majesties Person Both this Scotish Queen and her Favourers do think her to have Right not only to succeed but to enjoy your Crown in possession and therefore as she is a most Impatient Competitor so will she not spare any means whatsoever that may bereave us of your Majesty the only impediment that she enjoyeth not her desire 2. She is obdurate in malice against your Royal Person notwithstanding you have shewed her all favour and mercy as well in preserving her Kingdom as saving her life and salving her honour And therefore there is no place for mercy since there is no hope she will desist from most wicked attempts the rather
whosoever was Reconciled to the Pope from the obedience of the Queens Majesty was in case of Treason My Lord confessed that Bridges did confess him but not reconcile him in Earl any such sort but only for absolution of his sins Mr. Popham charged him that he did once submit himself but Sithence Popham fell from his submission and therefore practised new Treasons He confessed he was acquainted with the Priests and by two of them had been absolved and confessed Earl Sithence which time said Mr. Popham he came to the Church and fell to Popham the Catholick Cause again which he cannot do by their Order unless he be Reconciled My Lord denyed that ever he came to the Church after that time There was a Letter sent to the Queen of Scots by Morgan of France in Commendation of two Priests wherein he saith one of them had reconciled Morgan of France the Earl of Arundel Edmonds a Priest upon Examination said that Reconciliation was odious Edmonds a Priest Earl My Lord said these be but Allegations and Circumstances and that they ought to be proved by two Witnesses It was justified he said once in the Star-Chamber amongst the Lords there assembled concerning a Libel there in Question that whosoever was a Priest or Papist was an arrant Traytor Mr. Popham said it was a discontentment made my Lord a Catholick and Popham not Religion and that he did disguise himself in shadow of Religion There was a Picture shewed that was found in my Lords Trunk wherein Picture was painted a Hand bitten with a Serpent shaking the Serpent into the fire about which was written this Poesie quis contra nos on the other side was painted a Lyon Rampant with his Forces all bloody with this Poesie tamen Leo my Lord said one Wilgrave his man gave him the same with a pair of Hangers for a New years gift One Jonas Meridith being examined c. by way of Communication with a Towns-man who commended my Lord of Arundel for his forwardness Meridith in that he had often observed my Lord at Pauls Cross This Jonas answered that he knew he had often been at Pauls-Cross in the Fore-noon and hath heard a Mass with him at the Charter-house in the afternoon To this my Lord said nothing but seemed to deny it My Lord being examined in the Tower of his sudden going away to Sea Earl he answered to serve the Prince of Parma or whither Dr. Allen should direct him for the Cause Catholick My Lord said also he was going away for fear of some Statute should be made in the 22d of this Queens Reign against the Catholicks in that Parliament and that Dr. Allen advised him that he should not come over if he could tarry here in any safety because he might be the better able to make a Party in England when they came Before my Lords going to Sea he writ a Letter to be given the Queen after he was gone wherein he found fault with her hard dealing in giving countenance to his Adversaries and in disgracing him and that he was discontented with the Injustice of the Realm towards his great Grand-Father his Grand-Father and his Father My Lord said Hollinshead was faulty for setting forth in his Chronicle that his Grand-Father was attainted by Act of Parliament but shewed no Hollinshead cause wherefore He said in his Letter his Grand-Father was condemned for such trifies that the people standing by were amazed at it he found fault also with the proceedings against his Father Whereby 't is apparent said Mr Popham 't was discontentment moved my Lord and not Religion and fearing lest his friends should think amiss of him Popham he left a Copy of his Letter with Bridges a Traytor to be dispersed to make the Catholicks to think well of him for said Mr. Popham being discontented he became a Catholick and being so great a man he became a Captain of the Catholicks which is as much as to be a Captain over Traytors A Counterfeit Letter was made 22 dayes before his going to Sea directed to one Baker at Linne there being no such man abiding wherein was signified A Counterfe it Letter that my Lord was very hardly dealt withal by some of the Council and that he was gone into Sussex and a farther Voyage and that he would come home by Norfolk This was a Counterfeit Letter said Mr. Attorney appointed by my Lord Mr. Attorney to be dispersed to make it known he was discontented Also Allen sent a Letter to the Queen of Scots in Ciphers shewing a great party in England Allen sent my Lord word if he did come over he must take a greater Title than that of Earl upon him and therefore my Lord in this stile To Philip Duke of Norfolk Earl of Arundel Babington in his examination said the Queen of Scots sent him word that the Earl of Arundel was a fit man to be a chief Head for the Catholicks Babington Allen sent word to Rome that the Bull which was last sent over into England Allen. was at the Intercession of a great man in England My Lord said Mr. Popham was one of the principallest and acquainted Popham thus far with Allen Ergo my Lord of Arundel that great man Dr. Allen made a most villanous and slanderous Book which was very hard to be got in which was contained that the Earl of Arundel was a procurer of the last Bull and the procurer of the Invasion also the Bull it self was some part read and the Book was part read also My Lord being charged on his confession being examined why he would be ruled thus by Dr. Allen he excused it by saying that he said he would Earl be ruled by Allen in all things saving in that did concern her Majesty and the State and thereupon appealed to my Lord Chancellor and Sir Walter Mildmay who were not present Sir Christopher Hatton Lord Chancellour The Book aforesaid intended that my Lord was a practiser with Allen about the Invasion Then said my Lord he would serve the Queen against all Princes Pope Earl or Potentates whatsoever The Queens Sollicitor stood upon these points and because it was proved Mr. Sollicitor that the Earl of Arundel would be ruled by Allen in any thing that should concern the Catholick Cause And for that Dr. Allen hath since that time practised divers monstrous Treasons and continually hath built upon the help of some chief man in England there is none yet known of his degree that hath any thing to do with Allen and therefore my Lord must needs be culpable of all the Treasons Allen hath practised and procured in flying to Allen to serve the Prince of Parma ut antea My Lord was charged with relieving of divers Traytors as Priests and that he did converse and was confederate with divers and sundry Traytors attainted indicted and suspected being Prisoners in