Selected quad for the lemma: order_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
order_n	seek_v	yearly_a	yield_v	19	3	8.2481	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16489	Relations of the most famous kingdomes and common-wealths thorowout the world discoursing of their situations, religions, languages, manners, customes, strengths, greatnesse, and policies. Translated out of the best Italian impression of Boterus. And since the last edition by R.I. now once againe inlarged according to moderne observation; with addition of new estates and countries. Wherein many of the oversights both of the author and translator, are amended. And unto which, a mappe of the whole world, with a table of the countries, are now newly added.; Relazioni universali. English	Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Johnson, Robert, fl. 1586-1626.	1630 (1630)	STC 3404; ESTC S106541	447,019	654

wherein nature hath confined and heaped up as it were into her Closet all those delightfull happinesses which with her owne hands she hath here and there scattered and dispersed through the residue of the European Provinces whereof in their proper places The Revenue which his Majestie doth principally raise upon the Ecclesiasticall livings viz. the Tithes of the Church the Buls of the Crosse both amongst the Indies through all Spaine and the Kingdome of Sicilie doe amount to two millions by yeare and these may be well numbred amongst his ordinary revenues because they be yearely raised and be the surest and most certaine that this Crowne enjoyeth Commendums and presentations unto benefices doe yeeld yearely to his Majestie a great quantity of mony The whole revenues of the Clergie are valued at six millions of gold by yeare there being foure and thirty Cathedrall Churches all very rich of which some have fifty some one hundred and some two hundred millions of crownes of yearely revenues as in particular the Archbishop of Tiledo hath more than three hundred millions remaining over and besides free to his substitute Prelate two hundred Neither doth his Majestie care to bring these Churches to a greater number for then should hee with greater difficulty make use of the revenues and riches thereof when occasion required And it is said that the Cardinall Birago gave to his Majestie at divers times more than a million and a halfe of gold upon some simoniacall occasion So it is thought that the ordinary revenues of Spaine doe amount to six millions of gold whereof much hath beene pawned for the debts of the Crowne the rest is spent in charges of the warres in the government of the Kings houshold and in the Gallies which he maintaineth to safeguard the coast of the Kingdome as aforesaid In extraordinarie revenues he raiseth much more for in the Kingdome of Castile alone in one yeare his Majestie had nigh eight millions of Gold And while I was at his Court his Majestie sent a Iesuite through all Spaine who went from house to house requiring their benevolence as an almes for the expences in his warres by which meanes he raised a million and a halfe of gold but with much dishonour saving that it was said that hee did better to demand this money for the love of God than to take it by force yet was not the request such but that it had in it the effect of a command his Majesty excusing himselfe that the Emperour his Father whilest he lived did the selfe-same thing in his greatest and most urgent affaires and necessities There doe not want also other meanes and devices to raise money as the imposition of the Milstone which as it is supposed if it once take effect will amount to two millions of gold yearely There be also sales of Offices Escheats Penalties Amerciaments and other like meanes to raise money as in other Kingdomes His Majestie hath orders of Knight-hood also viz. of Saint Iames of Alcantera of Callatrava of Montesea and of Christ this last Order is in Portugal which all together doe yeeld him yearely 275. millions of crownes and accrueth to them in rents paid by the Iuccarie The Order of the Crosse is much desired and greatly sought for by the great men of Spaine because it yeeldeth both honour and profit being in number two hundred and fifty which have in yearely revenues 15000000 crownes of gold But to some he giveth the Order and not the Fee to others the Fee not the Order but to many for their good service both Fee and Order There is also the Order of the Toison of which his Majestie is chiefe which is the most honourable and most sought for of Princes although it yeeldeth no profit Of this is made great account and herewith onely Princes and personages of quality are honoured In these Kingdomes are found divers discontented persons and ill satisfied with the government for that all those Moores which there inhabit being forced to turne Christians and by the same force constrained so to continue are wonderfully displeased And such as are called Iewes or halfe Christians doe daily increase in number and multiply in riches For they all marrie and never goe to the warres but continually intend their traffike and commoditie Besides these there be all the descendants of them that have at any time beene condemned by the Inquisition which live in Spaine most desperately because they are thereby held infamous even to the third and fourth generation and disabled to receive any dignity honour or office Of these sorts it seemeth by the late proscriptions and banishment of the Inhabitants of Valentia into Barbarie that he is most jealous Next these the Portugals may be comprised in this number by reason of their ancient hatred which they have alwayes borne to the Castilians and for the bad usage of the Spaniards being alwayes held under their command with minds cruelly affected The Provinces of Aragon also for their privileges broken and annulled for rising in Armes by meanes of Antonio Perez late Secretary to his Majestie doe evilly brooke this government The chiefe Citizens whereof having with losse of their lives paid the debt of that punishment due unto them have left a memoriall behinde them of that their fact the stroke whereof is imprinted in all the rest which are yet for a long time ready to lay downe their lives upon occasion Last of all bee the Nobles of Spaine which in times past were many in number and in great estimation with their Kings are now much abased and brought to the number of 36. only being unimployed by his Majestie and receive small charges from him and those in places farre remote and of little or no reputation some of which doe much blame the King therefore inferring that thereby he maketh the people more insolent in hating them and their greatnesse indeed because they would not that they should much increase it power the State being served in most affaires with common persons and those of no great estimation because these Kings for the most part suppose that by them he is the better served as also are very jealous of the greatnesse of their Officers For in truth the Spanish Nation by nature is very proud yet base and such as careth not to be hated so it be feared in all passages above all other Nations using and imitating a kinde of decorum which they call Respect we complement or a pish courtesie being full of servility yet in publike shewing more severity over their owne than over strangers which may well be if well understood For where he conquereth and commandeth no people so intolerable as they but mastered and subdued no Nation of the world so submissive and ●ouching At home in generall poore timorous and unwarlike abroad by hardning and custome a very hardy and valiant souldier on foot obedient to his Commander and patient in the

Candie In which respect it standeth fitly both to hinder an enemie that would assault the Islands and Continent within the Gulfe and to releeve Candie if it were distressed It also ●eth fitly to defend all the Westerne parts and to molest the East It standeth in so excellent a Seat for the defence of Italy that it may properly be termed the Bastion thereof It standeth well also for the conquest of Greece bordering upon it as it were● strong mount or Cavallier I standeth opportunely for the receit releeving and uniting of the Forces and Navies of Christendome against the Infidelt And albeit the Island be not very plentifull in graine yet thorow the vicinitie thereof to Puglia and Epyre and the facile transportation it hath to Venice and Sicill it cannot want any necessaries The experience whereof hath beene manifested both in the time of the Romans and in our dayes also The Roman fleet made head alwayes at Corsu There also in the civill warres betwixt Caesar and Pompey did ride M. Bibulu● Pompey's Generall And in our memorie the forces of the league concluded by Paul the third and Pius the fifth did there assemble and from thence set forward The Island was of so powerfull an estate that it armed 6● Vessels to Sea It aboundeth with excellent Oyle Wine Wax Hony and fruits of all sorts All which commodities it hath in that goodnesse proportion that better in the same kind are not to be found through the whole earth It hath in length 60 miles 20 miles over and in circuit an hundred and twenty It hath three places of great importance to wit the old Citie neere the old Seat of Pagiopili the new Fort and thereto adjoyning the Castle Saint Angelo besides sixty eight Townes Next in order is Cephalonia containing in compasse an hundred threescore and six miles It hath two hundred Townes with Havens belonging unto them Two whereof Argostoli and Guiscardo are most famous the third is Nallo It yeeldeth store of Graine Oyle Sheepe Cheese Wooll Honey and Currans and these in such plenty that thereby it receiveth great and yearely Revenues Candia is likewise one of the most renowned Islands of the Mediterranean It containeth in length two hundred sixty miles in breadth fifty and in compasse in regard of the many promontories it maketh almost six hundred It yeeldeth great plenty of Wine with us called Malvesies Cheese and Honey It is seated so conveniently and with such advantage for marine occurrances that Aristotle censured it to be Lady of the Sea His reason because it lieth very neere the middle betweene Europe Asia and betweene Greece the Islands of the Archipelago which in a manner Court her as their Mistresse and Soveraigne It lieth from Constantinople three hundred and fifty miles from Alexandria and Soria five hundred from Caramania Epire and Cyprus three hundred from Afrike two hundred There remaine behinde two other Islands Cerigo and Tine Of which Cerigo containeth in compasse sixty miles In situatian it is mountainous having one good City seated on the top of a Hill It hath two Havens the one called Delphino the other Tine That looketh North this South It hath besides divers creeks but narrow and unsafe with the ancients it was of good esteeme for Leon of Sparta considering well the seat and quality of the place wished that either it had never beene or being it had beene drowned as soone as it had beene made Which wish as things afterwards fell out wrought him a great opinion of wisdome and foresight For Romaratus who banished from Sparta and sojourned with Zerxes counselled him to bring up all his Navie unto this Island if hee meant to impatronize himselfe of Greece as hee might easily have done if hee had followed that counsell as in few yeares after did Nicius Generall of the Athenians in the warre of Peloponnesus In our time it is called the Lanthorne of the Archipelago Tine is in the middest of Archipelago six miles from Delos round about which Delos lie the Cyclades in number fifty three It hath in circuit forty miles with one great and populous Citie and by reason of the Site which is on a Hill very strong very many Townes it hath besides And herewith endeth the Sea-Dominion of the Venetian In all which there are little lesse than three hundred and fiftie thousand soules Which number perhaps is greater than a man at first would beleeve especially if he consider withall how some of these parts as Sclavonia are not very fruitfull and many of the Islands are barren besides the terrour of the Turkish incursions Insomuch that if their Countries were under any other Lord than the Venetian they would surely be defarted But the Seigniory with entertaining peace with all their Neighbours with building of Forts maintaining of Garrisons in places of necessitie and with exceeding expence of money keepe and maintaine their people in this sort as at this day we see them inhabited Fame reporteth the Venetians to be exceeding rich But besides opinion there is great reason why they should be so indeed First they are Lords of a large Territory both by Land and Sea but chiefly on Land where they have Cities of the best ranke of Italy with large and opulent Territories adjoyning unto them and full of people industrious and thriftie They have also rich Bishoprickes wealthy Abbeyes with the fattest and most commodious benefices of Italy Families both for Nobilitie and Revenue worshipfull and Buildings for State and Magnificence singular Besides which they have also very wealthy commonalties Amongst which to omit many Brescia alone hath eighteene thousand crownes of yearely Revenue and Asola which is but a Towne subject to Brescia ten thousand Another reason is the great advantage which the Venetian hath for Trafficke both in drawing unto himselfe other mens commodities and in venting his owne I call his owne commodities whatsoever is growing or made within the State or whatsoever Trade besides he hath ingrossed or by prescription of time appropriated to himselfe This advantage is marvellous great throughout the whole State of Venice for that the firme Land on every side is full of navigable Rivers and Lakes Besides it is for the greater part a plaine Countrey so that the conveyance of all sorts of Merchandize by Cart or by Horse is very easie They are also in possession of the Valleyes and passages of the Rhetian Giulian and Carmian Alpes by which lieth all the Traffick betweene Italy and Germanie The State of the Sea is full of excellent large and safe Harbours especially Dalmatia and Sclavonia The Islands have the like especially the greater ones as Corsu and Candia But the flower of gaine and emolument to this State is the Trafficke of the great Sea of Soria and Aegypt which the Venetian had altogether in his hand especially so much of the ancient Trafficke for spice which hath beene and yet is of reasonable good consequence unto them In summe all the

Piedmont is taken up with Montferrat but that belongs to Mantua Though in all Piedmont there be reckoned one Duchie of Aosta Marquisates fifteene Earldomes fifty besides Baronies many but these alas bee but petty ones such as have but Fiefs being but Gentlemen holding Fees or Mannors of the Dukes favour of which one writes that singly they are not very rich though all together they make a great noise Three Counties are reckoned in it and in them seven good Cities besides an hundred and fifty walled Townes Whereupon a Gentleman of that Nation boasted that his Countrie was an intire Citie of three hundred miles compasse Piedmont is said no nourish seven hundred thousand soules whereof the lesser halfe may be reckoned within this Dukes Dominions so that he may have some eight or nine hundred thousand subjects in the whole number The Dukes chiefe Citie here is Turin honoured now with an Vniversitie A strong place but made lesse than it was when the French were Masters of it that it might be the more defensible Saluzzes is a Bishops See also The first Founder of this Noble Family was Beroaldus of Saxonie brother to Otho the third Emperour who flying hither for killing that brothers wife taken in the act of Adultery was first made Generall to the Duke of Burgundie for whom he conquered Maurienne on Italy side which Lands the Duke giving to him hee became Lord of Maurienne His sonne was first made Count or Earle of Maurienne who marrying the daughter and heire of the Marquesse of Susa joyned both those Titles together His grand-childe inlarged his Dominion by the conquest of some of the neighbour Valleyes and his sonne Amadeus was for service done to the Emperour Henry the fifth made Earle of Savoy His grand-childe Humbert marrying the Count of Geneva's daughter made his father in Law to submit and acknowledge obedience unto him This Prince also upon the sailing of the heires of the Princes of Piedmont ●●ts in for himselfe conquers divers places and takes Piedmont into his title also His son gains further upon his neighbours His grand-childe Peter winnes the Citie of Turine and gets confirmations of Richard Duke of Cornwall his kirsman and then Emperour in those Valleyes conquered by himselfe and his grand-father His sonne Philip marrying the heire of Burgundie was in her right made Earle of Burgundie and Savoy His brothers sonne Amadeus the fourth gained the Countrey of Bresse by marriage also His sonne Edward was made a Prince of the Empire and his son Amadeus wanne something from the Count of Geneva To whose sonne Amadeus the sixth part of Piedmont veelded itselfe He instituted the Order of Knight-hood of the Annanciada To his sonne Amadeus the seventh did the Countrey called Nizza en Provenza freely yeeld To honour his sonne Amadeus the eighth did the Emperour Sigismund advance Savoy to the title of a Dukedome Him did the Councell of Basile choose to be Pope which he afterwards quit to compound the schisme His sonne Lewis was in his fathers life-time first called Prince of Piedmont which is ever since the title of the heire apparrant he also obtained to be called Earle of Geneva Charles the first made the Marquesse of Saluzzes to performe homage Finally this present Duke of Savoy Charles Emmanuel first got that Marquisate of Saluzzes intirely into his hands which Henry the fourth of France wrung from him and made him release the County of Bresse to have Saluzzes againe And thus by degrees and yeares came this Family to these possessions Besides all which hee makes title and claime to the Marquisate of Montferrat the Earldome of Geneva the Principalitie of Achaia in Greece and the kingdome of Cyprus His ordinary Revenues are thus collected His customes upon Salt fiftie thousand crownes from Susa foure and twenty thousand forren Merchandize eighteene thousand from Villa Franca c. five and twentie thousand Ancient Rents c. threescore and ten thousand The ordinary tax of Piedmont two hundred threescore and three thousand from confiscations condemned persons commutations of punishments and of the Iewes c. fifty thousand The totall is five hundred thousand French crownes What his extraordinaries may amount unto cannot be knowne but certaine it is that in a few yeares he raised eleven millions of crownes out of Piedmont alone So that we may well allow him one million of yearely commings in one with another out of which these summes are yearely issued upon certaine expences Diet wages c. of the Dukes owne Court threescore thousand crownes Allowed to the Duchesse twenty thousand The Duke of Nemeurs his kinsman pension fourteene thousand Standing wages to Iudges Counsellors c. on both sides the Alpes fourescore and ten thousand Vpon Embassadors Intelligences c. sixteene thousand Vpon his Guard Pages Messengers c. ten thousand Given away in Pensions and favours twelve thousand Expences of pleasure ten thousand Charges of his souldiery ten thousand and of his Gallies two and twenty thousand The totall is three hundred and eightie thousand French crownes The rest goes into the Treasury But in this former account the expences upon building and repairing of Forts is not reckoned which must needs amount to a masse of money seeing that no Prince of Europe in so little ground unlesse those of the Low-Countries perchance hath so many fortified places and few stronger in the world either by Nature of Ar● eight hundred Castles being reckoned in Piedmont alone Of Land-souldiers his muster-bookes shewes him about twenty thousand often exercised by their Captaines and Collonels and three Gallies for scowring of the Coast. And now for the State and termes he stands in with other Princes his neighbours they be these To the Papacie is his Family much beholding the Pope having made his second son Victor a Cardinall and his third son Philibert Admirall of the Gallies of the Church A great dependancie hath he on the Pope besides for whereas Cardinall Aldabrandino Nephew to Clement the eighth hath purchased Raiensa in Piedmont to the Duke after whose decease that rich Territory must fall to the Church unlesse the Pope be pleased to confirme it upon the Duke With Spaine both the Duke and his elde●● son Philip Emanuel have very neere alliance A● time there was that the Spaniard with-held his Pension from the Duke and he againe discharged his garrison of Spaniards in Tur●ne c. but all being now piec't up betweene them it concernes Spaine not to displease him because hee may stop up the passages by which the Spanish forces might march out of Italy into Germanie Venice and hee are in a common league and correspondencie Divers States and persons of the Switzers take pension of him and the Citie of Geneva is in bodily feare of him so was Genoa in these late warres and may be againe With other Princes of Italy he is in good termes except with Mantua it equally concernes them all to see that one another grow not too great and