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A47620 Select and choyce observations, containing all the Romane emperours the first eighteen by Edward Leigh ... ; the others added by his son Henry Leigh ... ; certain choyce French proverbs, alphabetically disposed and Englished added also by the same Edward Leigh. Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671.; Leigh, Henry, d. 1705. 1657 (1657) Wing L1003; ESTC R11757 143,701 292

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insertus inauguravit literas trabea Romanae Graecus scriptor historiae perquam accuratus quam tamen negligentia temporum perdidit dum studiosus brevitatis in Xiphilino ignorantiam sovet umbram amans corpus amittit Choyce Observations OF MAXIMINUS And his Son MAXIMUS MAximinus spent his youth in keeping cattle yet was advanced afterward for his stature which exceeded 8 foot by 6 fingers Capitolinus in Maxim c. 1. in Maximino I un c. 2. secundum correctionem Casauboni Salmasii Ego ut 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cui magna solet esse fides testem saciam Belgam Antwerpianum se fere bat in Galliis Anno 1583. vidi novem pedes altitudine excedentem c. Merula Cosmographis parte prima l. 3. c. 14. His body was so great that his wives bracelet served him for a ring Capitolinus in Maximino c. 6. His stomach was answerable he eating daily 40 sometimes 60 pound weight of flesh and drinking 6 gallons of wine Id. ibid. c 4. His strength was sutable he being able to draw waines loaden with his hands to strike out the teeth of a horse with his fist to break his thighes with a kick to crumble tophy stones between his fingers and to cleave young Trees for which he was called Hercules Antaeus and M●lo as Achilles Hector and Ajax for his valour Id. ibid. c. 6. and 8. Sept. Severus celebrating the birth-day of his Son Geta with military sports gave the winners for a reward jewels collars bracelets belts Maximinus who was newly come to the army and could scarce speak Latine came before him intreating his leave that he might put forth himself in these exercises Severus wondring at the greatness of his body granted his request but upon conditition that he should not encounter with any souldier but with such as were water-bearers and servitors of the Camp among which were very strong and stout men Maximinus overcame 16 of them before he rested receiving so many smaller rewards but not such as were given to the Souldiers and was listed for service Three dayes after the Emperour riding to view his Camp saw Maximinus who was yet but a fresh water-souldier out of order wherefore he commanded a Colonel to call him into his rank and to instruct him in the duty he was to obverve in the warres Maximinus imagining the Emperour spake of him kneeled down at his feet The Emperour desiring to see whether he could run well or no spurred his Horse and took several Turnes in the field and seeing Maximinus left not of running old Severus being tired said to Maximinus Thracian will you wrestle after your race whereto he answered So long as it shall please your Majesty Then the Emperour chusing 7 of the strongest men in his army Maximinus overcame them without resting between Whereupon Severus commanded a collar of gold to be given to him alone with certain pieces of silver made him one of his guard and commanded that he should continually attend in the palace by which means he came to be esteemed by the Commanders and Souldiers and to obtain what he desired of the Emperour Id. ib. c. 2. and 3. He was diligent as well after as before his preferment saying Ego quò major fuero tanto plus labor abo and rather then his Souldiers should be out of action he imployed them in hunting Even in his old age he would throw down 5 6 or 7 Souldiers whom he wrestled with one after another and being challenged by a Tribune who envied him whē they met Maximinus gave him such a blow on the breast with the palm of his hand that he threw him flat upon his back saying in sport Date alium sed Tribunum Id. ib. c. 6. Caracalla made Maximinus a Centurion in Macrinus his reign he left the army out of hatred to the assasinate of his sovereign even Heliogabalus permitted him to be a Tribune but Alexander Severus gave him the command of a Legion whose death notwithstanding he disloyally practised as is before mentioned whereupon he was elected Emperour by the souldiers without the consent of the Senate Id. ibid. c. 4. 5. 7. 8. It appeareth unquestionably that he committed this villany notwithstanding the doubts of some because he killed all Alexanders relations and friends Tristan He arrogantly usurped the names of Cajus Julius Verus and the proud Epithets of Invictus Fortissimus and Nobilissimus notwithstanding his ignoble extraction Tristan He suffered no noble person to be about him and out of a desire to conceal the baseness of his birth slew even the best of his friends who were conscious of it Lampridius c. 9. His tyranny caused many to conspire against him which he discovering took an occasion to renew his cruelty Maximinus first thanked Macedonius who treacherously slew Tycus that had rebelled against him but afterward put him to death as a Traitor Capitolinus c. 11. Prae●larum tyranni factū verè singulare nam totâ vitâ unicum hoc laude dignum Elenchus Numismatum in Bibliotheca Bodlejana He slew all of the faction of his adversary Magnus without any judiciall processe not satisfied with the slaughter of above 4000. Capitolinus c. 10. Maximus Pupienus who made preparations at Ravenna to wage war against him by the Senates appointment was exceedingly afraid of him and saying often that he was not engaged against a man but a Cyclops and Balbinus who was made his colleague in the Empire by the Senate and staid at Rome trembled at the naming of him He was so feared at Rome that when he was in Italy the women with their children prayed solemnely in their Temples that he might never return having heard that some were crucified by him some inclosed in beasts newly killed others cast to wild beasts others bruised with clubs without any regard to the quality of persons Id. ibid. c. 8. For his cruelty which he thought necessary for his security he was hated and called Cyclops Busiris Syron Phalaris Typhon and Gyges Id ib. c. 9. He was so infatuated with the confidence of his own greatness and personal strength that he entertained a conceit that death durst not adventure to encounter him for fear of having his Javelin broke about his own crazy skull and all his Skeleton of bones rattled to dust Dr. Charletons Darkness of Atheism dispelled by the light of nature p. 178. Because he thought himself immortal he was covertly defied in the Theatre by a Comoedian in these verses Qui ab uno non potest occidi à multis occiditur Elephas grandis est occiditur Leo fortis est occiditur Tigris fortis est occiditur Cave multos si singulos non times If thou fear'st not the force of one alone Beware the strength of many joyn'd in one Capitolinus c. 9. What was spoken in sport befell him in earnest for Maximinus hasting with his army towards Rome to be revenged of the Senate which intended resistance was opposed at Aquileja
on which he commanded himself to be drawn in a Chariot as if it were answerable to his Dignity Some are of opinion that he invented such a kind of Bridge in emulation of Xerxes who not without the wonder of the world made a Bridge of planks over Hellespont an arm of the Sea somewhat narrower than this Others that by a bruit blazed abroad of some huge and monstrous piece of work hee might terrifie Germany and Britain upon which Countries hee meant to make warre He maintained his reputation with his Grand-father Tiberius by no meanes but this he shadowed his cruell mind with subtill modesty and shewed not discontent either for the condemnation of his Mother or the banishment of his Brethren Pari habitu semper cum Tiberio hand multum distantibus verbis He did imitate him in his apparell in his words in all things as near as possibly he could He succeeded Tiberius in the Empire but in cruelty farre exceeded him Thus farre forth as of a Prince saith Suetonius relate we must as of a Monster He usurped the name of a god commanding his subjects to dignifie him with more then humane honours and ascending the Capitol which among all he Temples in Rome is most religiously honoured he was so bold as to salute Jupiter and to call him brother Divûmque sibi poscebat honores He sent Petronius with an Army to Ierusalem commanding him to set his statue in the Temple and if the Jewes refused to receive it that those who withstood him he should put to the sword and lead the rest captive but partly by Petronius his prudence and through Aristobulus his intercession with him and King Agrippa's with Caligula it was hindered The like is in the 21. lib. of Tacitus where he thus writeth of the Jewes Sub Tiberio quies deinde jussi a Caio Caesare effigiem ejus in Templo locare arma potius sumpsere quem motum mors Caesaris diremit He gave it out openly that his own Mother was begotten by Incest which Augustus committed with his own daughter Iulia. He caused his Brother Tiberius to be slain and reserved his Uncle Claudius who was his Successour in the Empire for nothing else but to make him his laughing-stock Many of honourable rank were by him put to death and sawed asunder in the midst because they had no good opinion of his shewes or had not sworn by his Genius An ordinary thing it was at Rome to swear by the Genius as also by the Fortune and the health of their Emperours And what a devout Oath was this Per Genium that is the spirit or superintendent Angell of the Prince which I take to be as much as his own good self as appeareth by Tertullian Citius apud vos per omnes Deos quam per Genium principis peseratur Doct. Holland in Annotat. in Sueton. He forced Parents to be present at the execution of their own children And when one Father excused himself by reason of sicknesse he sent a litter for him Another of them immediately after the heavy spectacle of his Son put to death he invited to his own board made him great cheer and by all manner of courtesie provoked him to jocondnesse and mirth When his Grand-mother Antonia seemed to give him some admonition Memento ait omnia mihi in omnes licere When he had at one time condemned a sort of Frenchmen and Greeks together he made his boast That he had subdued Gallo-graecia a Nation mixt of French and Greekes After he had well drunk and eaten hee took pleasure to cast his friends into the Sea from on high from a bridge which he built at Puteoli before mentioned and caused many to be drowned which sought to save them Dion lib. 50. of his Hist. Suetonius in Calig cap. 32. He would not permit any to suffer death but after many strokes given and those very softly His Command being generally and commonly known Ita seri ut se mori sentiat Strike so that they may feel themselves dying and endure the paines of an enduring death IIe executed on a time one whom he had not appointed to dye by errour only and mistaking his name but it makes no matter quoth he for even he also hath deserved death A certain Citizen of Praetors degree desired oftentimes from the retiring place where he was at Anticyra into which Isle he went for his healths sake to have his Licence continued but he gave order he should be killed outright adding these words therewith That blood-letting was necessary for him who in so long time had found no good by Hellebore that is by purging Being highly displeased upon a time with the multitude for favouring the contrary faction to his would God quoth he that the people of Rome had but one neck meaning to chop them off at one blow Vox carnifice quàm Imperatore dignior Xiphil A speech fitter for an Hang-man then an Emperour Over whom the people of Rome afterward insulted being kild by Chareas He was wont openly to complain of the unhappy condition of his time wherein he lived as not renowned by any publick calamities that his Government was like to be forgotten by the calm and prosperous current of all things and therefore he would often wish for the overthrow of his Armies Famine Pestilence Fire Earthquakes and the like Nonnunquam horreis praelusis populo famem indixit He proclaimed a famine without scarcity While he was at his recreations and disports he practised the same cruelty both in word and deed oftentimes as he sate at dinner some were examined upon the Rack in his presence and others had their heads struck off His saying was Oderint dum metuant Let them hate me so they fear me Being one day very free at a great feast he suddenly brake forth into a great laughter and the Consuls who were next him demanding whereat he laughed so his answer was Quid nisi uno meo nutu jugulari utrumque vestrûm statim posse At what else quoth he but this that with one nod of my head I can have both your throats cut immediately As oft as he kissed the neck of his Wife or Concubine he would commonly adde Tam bona cervix simulac jussero demetur As fair and lovely a neck as this is off it shall go if I do but speak the word He complained of the iniquity of the time that one doubting to be poysoned of him did take counterpoison or a remedy against it what sayes he Antidotum adversus Caesarem Is there any Antidote against Caesar His cruelty as Dion saith was not imputed to his Father or Mother but to his Nurce which was a most cruell woman herself and used to rub her breast nipple with blood causing him to suck it which he practised also afterwards for he did not onely delight in the committing of many Murders but
permitteth not to relate his greatest vices the Devil in the form of an Hermaphrodite not being able to act greater lewdness then he did saith Tristan Lampridius thus beginneth the story of Heliogabalus I would never have wrote the beastly life of Heliogabalus that it might not have been known that he was a Roman Emperour unlesse Caligula Nero and Vitellius had before sate in the same throne Boccaline feigneth that Lampridius was severely proceeded against by Apollo and that by order of the whole congregation of Parnassus his Histories was turned back upon his hands and he was freely told That he should go and teach those execrable lusts in the publick Classis wherewith he had so delighted himself to fill his shamefull papers wherein he had written the lives of Heliogabalus Caracalla and other las●●vious Monsters of Nature Parnassus cent 1. advertisement 55. It is questioned whether were greater his boundlesse Prodigality his stupendious Leachery or his fantasticall Foolery the last of which his Imperial vertues he gave proof of when he commanded his servants to bring him a thousand pound weight of Spiders offering them a reward and received of them ten thousand pound weight whereupon he said that now he understood the greatness of Rome At another time he caused to be gathered ten thousand Mice a thousand Wezels and a thousand Polecats which he brought forth in a publick shew to the people for some wise State-purpose like the former Speeds Chron. He disfigured his faire face with foul tinctures He slept in the day transacted affaires in the night Being near the Sea he never tasted fish nor flesh when he was farthest in the Continent He said that fare was best which cost most He ridicously wore Jewels and those curiously engraved on his feet as if the rarity of the work could be discerned there Lamprid. c. 23. That he might seem magnificent he drowned Ships in the haven paying the owners for their fraught and drew Fishes out of his Ponds with Oxen. Lamprid. c. 32. and 24. He built stately Bathes which being but once used were plucked down Lampr. c. 30. He said If he had an heir he would teach him to do as he did When he was but a private man being reproved for his prodigality by a friend who asked him Whether he did not fear want hereafter he answered What can be better for me then to be heire to my self He conferred honours on sordid persons and put great persons upon mean employments causing the entrails of the sacrifices to be born by Generals of armies and the chief Officers of State In imitation of Apicius he would frequently eate Camels heels the combes of Cocks newly cut the tongues of Peacocks and Nightingales with the entrails of Mullets Partridges egges the heads of Parrats Pheasants and Peacocks and the braines of Thrushes and Phoenicopters Id. ibid. c. 20. He had served in at a meale the heads of 600. Estridges onely that he might eat their brains Id. ib. c. 30. He fed his horses with grapes his dogs with Geese livers a dainty then Lyons and other beasts with Parrats and Pheasants Id. ibid. c. 20 and 21. He often changed his Pallets and lay not on any couch unlesse it was stuffed with Hares furre or the feathers under Partridges wings Id. ib. c. 19. One day he would eat nothing but Pheasant another day Chickens on another this or that Fish at one time Ostriches at another Herbs or Apples other whiles sweet-meats or white-meats onely Id. ib. c. 32. One of his feasts was hardly ended in a day the several messes being prepared and eaten successively in the houses of his several friends one dwelling in the Capitol another upon mount Caelius a 3 beyond Tiber c. one staying for another till the dishes went through all their houses Lampridius c. 30. He tyed his Parasites to a wheele and turned them up and down in water calling them his Ixionian friends Id. ibid. c. 24. He thrust them also out of his dining-roomes which had deceitfull floores into chambers filled with roses that smothered with them they might meet with the bitternesse of death in sweetnesse Id. ib. c. 21. He Tantalized them with mock-feasts in waxe wood ivory marble glasse sometimes what himself did eat was woven or wrought with a needle on their Napkins otherwhiles so many dishes of meat as were provided for him were painted upon their tables onely allowing them to drink Id. ib. c. 26. and 27. At the 2 and 3 course he caused Beares Pardals Lyons and Leopards which lacked their teeth and clawes to be brought in suddenly by their Keepers to terrify them who were ignorant of their inability to hurt Lamprid. c. 21. He shut them up when they were drunk turning in upon them in the night these disarmed beasts with the fear of which many dyed Id. ib. c. 25. Their yearly salaries were pitchers full of Frogs Scorpions Serpents and Flyes Id. ib. c. 26. Many times he kept them in their lodgings from night to morning with old Black-moor women whereas he told them he had provided most beautifull ones for them Id. ib. c. 30. When the people had taken up their places before day in the Theatre to behold the sports he caused Serpents to be thrown among them whereby many of them were sore bitten and hurt by flight Lampridius c. 23. He did fantastically set up a Senate of Women with sutable Orders as how to attire where take place when salute but after his death all Women were deprived of that priviledge by the Senate Id. ib. c. 4. and 18. He did drive Chariots drawn by Elephants in the Vatican levelling the tombes which stood in his way he was also drawn by 4 Camels in the Circus by 4 Mastives in the Palace after he was Emperour by 4 stags in publick sometimes by Lyons he naming himself Magna Mater also by Tigers counterfeiting Bacchus unto whom through his excessive humour of drinking he was something more like other whiles 4 naked Wenches drew him he being also naked Lamprid. c. 23. 28. 29. He was addicted to divination by inspection of the bowels of young men sacrificed chusing many fair Gentlemen throughout all Italy whose Parents were living that their sorrow might be the greater Lampridius c. 8. By perswasion of Maesa his Grand-mother who pretended to free him from cares of state he proclaimeth Alexander Severus his Cousin German Caesar maketh him Consul with himself and adopteth him for his Son the Senate ridiculously voting what he commanded viz. Alex. Severus who was 12 years old to be the Son of Heliog abalus who was but 16. He assaying in vain to draw his cousen to his unseemely courses repented that he had made him his collegue in the Empire expelled all his Tutors from the Court and put the chief of them to death alleadging ridiculously that the Pedants spoiled his Son not suffering him to dance and revell but teaching him to be Modest and use manly exercises Herodian l. 5.