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A05339 Noua Francia: or The description of that part of Nevv France, which is one continent with Virginia Described in the three late voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graué, and Monsieur de Poutrincourt, into the countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadie, lying to the southwest of Cape Breton. Together with an excellent seuerall treatie of all the commodities of the said countries, and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same. Translated out of French into English by P.E.; Histoire de la Nouvelle France. English. Selections Lescarbot, Marc.; Erondelle, Pierre, fl. 1586-1609. 1609 (1609) STC 15491; ESTC S109397 246,659 330

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Poutrincourt besides all this being yet in care for them whom he had left there so they came againe for the third time into Port Fortunè where no Sauage was seene Vpon the first winde the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt weighed anker for the returne and being mindfull of the dangers passed he sailed in open sea which shortned his course but not without a great mischiefe of the rudder which was againe broken in such sort that being at the mercy of the waues they arriued in the end as well as they could among the Ilands of Norombega where they mended it And after their departure from the said Ilands they came to Menane an Iland about six leagues in length betweene S. Croix and Port Royall where they taried for the winde which being come somewhat fauourable parting from thence new mischances happened For the shaloup being tied at the Barke was stricken with a sea so roughly that with her nose shee brake all the hinder part of the said barke wherein Monsieur De Poutrincourt and others were And moreouer not being able to get to the passage of the said Port Royall the tide which runneth swiftly in that place carried them towards the bottom of Bay Françoise from whence they came not foorth easily and they were in as great danger as euer they were before for as much as seeking to returne from whence they came they saw themselues carried with the winde and tide towards the Coast which is high rockes and downe fales where vnlesse they had doubled a certaine point that threatned them of wrake they had beene cast away But God will in high enterprises trie the constancy of them that fight for his name and see if they will wauer He bringeth them to the doore of death and yet holdeth them by the hand to the end they fall not into the pit as it is written It is I it is I and there is none other God with me I kill and make a liue I wound and I heale and there is no body that may deliuer any out of my hand So we haue said heeretofore and seene by effect that although in those Nauigations a thousand dangers haue presented themselues notwithstanding not one man hath beene lost by the sea although that of them which doe onely go for fishing and to trade for skins many there be that perish there witnesse foure fisher men of S. Maloe that were swallowed vp in the waters being gone afishing when as we were vpon our returne into France God being willing that we should acknowledge to hold this benefit of him and to manifest by that meanes his glory to the end that sensibly men may see that it is he which is the author of these holy enterprises which are not made of couetonsnes nor by vniust effusion of blood but of a zeale to establish his name and his greatnesse among nations that haue no knowledge of him Now after so many heauenly fauours it is the part of them that haue receiued them to say as the Kingly Psalmist well beloued of God Yet neuerthelesse by thy right hand thou holdst me euer fast And with thy counsell dost me guide to glory at the last What thing is there that I can wish but thee in Heauen aboue And in the Earth there is nothing like thee that I can loue After many perils which I will not compare to them of Vlysses nor of Aeneas fearing to defile our holy voyages with prophane impurity Monsieur De Poutrincourt arriued in Port Royall the 14. day of Nouember where we receiued him ioyfully and with a solemnity altogether new in that part For about the time that we expected his returne with great desire and that so much the more that if any harme had happened him we had beene in danger to haue confusion among our selues I aduised my selfe to shew some iollity going to meet him as we did And for as much as it was in French verses made in haste I haue placed them with the Muses of Noua Francia by the title of Neptunes Theater whereunto I refer the Reader Moreouer to giue greater honour to the returne and to our action we did place ouer the gate of our Fort the Armes of France enuironed with Laurell Crownes whereof there is great store along the woods sides with the Kings poesie Duo protegit vnus And vnder the Armes of Monsieur De Monts with this inscription Dabit Deus his quoque finem And those of Monsieur De Poutrincourt with this other inscription Inuia virtuti nulla est via both of them also enuironed with garlands of Bayes CHAP. XVI The condition of the corne which they sowed the institution of the order of Bon temps the behauiour of the Sauages among the Frenchmen the state of winter why raines and fogges be rare in this season why raine is frequent betweene the tropicks snow profitable to the ground the state of Ianuary conformity of weather in the ancient and New France Why the spring is slow the tilling of gardens their Crop a water Mill a Manna of Herrings preparation for the returne Monsieur De Poutrincourts inuention the Sauages admiration Newes from France THe publike reioycing being finished Monsieur De Poutrincourt had a care to see his corne the greatest part whereof he had sowed two leagues off from our Fort vp the riuer L' Equille and the other part about our said Fort and found that which was first sowen very forward but not the last that had beene sowed the sixth and ten daies of Nouember which notwithstanding did grow vnder the snow during Winter as I haue noted it in my sowings It would be a tedious thing to particularise all that was done amongst vs during Winter as to tell how the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt caused many times coales to be made the forge-coale being spent That he caused waies to be made thorow the woods That we went thorow the Forests by the guide of the Compasse and other things of such nature But I will relate that for to keepe vs merry and cleanly concerning victuals there was an order established at the table of the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt which was named L' ordre de bon temps the order of good time or the order of mirth at first inuented by Monsieur Champlein wherein they who were of the same table were euery one at his turne and day which was in fifteene daies once Steward and Cater Now his care was that we should haue good and worshipfull fare which was so well obserued that although the Belly-Gods of these parts doe often reproch vnto vs that we had not La Rue aux Ours of Paris with vs we haue ordinarily had there as good cheare as we could haue at La Rue aux Ours and at farre lesser charges For there was none but two daies before his turne came was carefull to goe ahunting or fishing and brought some
beginning from one of the lakes which doe meet at the streame of her course and so I thinke so that it hath two courses the one from the East towards France the other from the West towards the South sea which is admirable but not without the like example found in our Europe For the riuer which commeth downe to Trent and to Verone proceedeth from a lake which produceth another riuer whose course is bent opposite to the riuer of Lins which falleth into the riuer Danube So the Nile issueth from a lake that bringeth foorth other riuers which discharge themselues into the great Ocean Let vs returne to our tillage for to that must we apply our selues it is the first mine that must be sought for which is more worth than the treasures of Atabalipa And he that hath corne wine cattell wollen and linnen leather iron and afterward Codde-fish he needeth no other treasures for the necessaries of life Now all this is or may be in the land by vs described vpon the which Monsieur De Poutrincourt hauing caused a second tillage to be made in fifteene daies after his arriuall thither he sowed it with our French corne as well wheat and rie as with hempe flax turnep seed redish cabidges other seeds And the eight day following hee saw that his labour had not beene in vaine but rather a faire hope by the production that the ground had already made of the seedes which she had receaued Which being shewed to Monsieur Du Pont was vnto him a faire subiect to make his relation in France as a thing altogether new there The 20. day of August was already come when these faire shewes were made and the time did admonish them that were to goe in the voyage to make r●●dy Whereunto they began to giue order so that the 25 day of the same moneth after many peales of ordinance they waighed anker to come to the mouth of the Port which is commonly the first daies iourny Monsieur De Monts being desirous to reach as farre into the South as he could and seeke out a place very fit to inhabite beyond Malebarre had requested Monsieur De Poutrincourt to passe farther than yet he had done and to seeke a conuenient Port in good temperature of aire making no greater account of Port Royall than of S. Croix in that which concerneth health Whereunto the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt being willing to condescend would not tarry for the spring time knowing he should haue other employments to exercise himselfe withall But seeing his so wings ended and his field greene resolued himselfe to make this voyage and discouery before winter So then he disposed all things to that end and with his Barke ankered neere to the Ionas to the end to get out in company Whilest they lay there for a prosperous winde the space of three daies there was a Whale of meane bignesse which the Sauages doe call Maria who came euery day into the Port with the morning floud playing there within at her pleasure and went away backe againe with the ebbe And then taking some leasure I made in French verses a farewell to the said Monsieur Du Pont and his company which I haue placed among the Muses of New France The 28. day of the said moneth each of vs tooke his course one one way and the other another diuersly to Gods keeping As for Monsieur Du Pont he purposed by the way to set vpon a Merchant of Rone named Boyer who contrary to the Kings inhibitions was in those parts to trucke with the Sanages notwithstanding he had beene deliuered out of prison in Rochell by the consent of Monsieur De Poutrincourt vnder promise he should not go thither but the said Boyer was already gone And as for Monsieur De Poutrincourt he tooke his course for the I le of S. Croix the Frenchmens first abode hauing Monsieur De Champdore for master and guide of his Barke But being hindered by the winde and because his barke did leake he was forced twice to put backe againe In the end hee quite passed the Bay Françoise and viewed the said I le where he found ripe Corne of that which two yeares before was sowed by Monsieur De Monts which was faire big waighty and well filled He sent vnto vs some of that Corne to Port Royall where I was requested to stay to looke to the house and to keepe the rest of the company there in concord Whereunto I did agree though it was referred to my will for the assurance that we had among our selues that the yeare following we should make our habitation in a warmer country beyond Malebarre and that we should all goe in company with them that should be sent to vs out of France In the meane while I employed my selfe in dressing the ground to make inclosures and partitions of Gardens for to sow Corne and kitchin hearbes We caused also a ditch to be made all about the fort which was very needfull to receaue the waters and moistnesse that before did run vnderneath among the rootes of trees that had beene fallen downe which paraduenture did make the place vnhealthfull I will not stand in describing heere what each of our other workmen and labourers did particularly make It sufficeth that we had store of Ioyners Carpenters Masons Stone-caruers Locke-smithes Taylers Boord-sawyers Mariners c. who did exercise their trades which in doing their duties were very kindly vsed for they were at their owne liberty for three houres laboura day The ouerplus of the time they bestowed it in going to gather mussels which are at low water in great quantity before the fort or Lapsters or Crabs which are in Port Royall vnder the Rockes in great abundance or Cockles which are in euery part in the Oase about the shores of the said Port All that kinde of fish is taken without net or boate Some there were that sometimes tooke wilde-fowle but not being skilfull they spoiled the game And as for vs our table was furnished by one of Monsieur De Monts men who prouided for vs in such sort that we wanted no fowle bringing vnto vs sometimes halfe a dosen of birdes called by French men Outards a kinde of wilde geese sometimes as many mallardes or wilde geese white and gray very often two or three dosen of larkes and other kindes of birds As for bread no body felt want thereof and euery one had three quarts of pure and good wine a day Which hath continued with vs as long as we haue beene there sauing that when they who came to fetch vs in stead of bringing commodities vnto vs helped vs to spend our owne as we shall haue occasion heereafter to deelare we were forced to reduce that portion to a pinte and notwithstanding there was very often some thing more of extrordinary This voyage for this respect hath beene the best voyage of all whereof
Port De La Heve where this prisoner was taken They had great store of Merchandises trucked with Frenchmen which they were comming to vtter that is to say great meane and small kettles hatchets kniues gownes short cloakes red wast coates bisket and other things whereupon there arriued twelue or fifteene boats full of Sauages of Olmechins subiection being in very good order all their faces painted according to their wonted custome when they will seeme faire hauing their bow and arrow in hand and the quiuer which they laid downe a boord At that houre Messamoet began his Oration before the Sauages Shewing them how that in times past they often had friendship together and that they might easily ouercome their enemies if they would haue intelligence and serue themselues with the amitie of the Frenchmen whom they saw there present to know their Country to the end to bring commodities vnto them heereafter and to succour them with their forces which forces he knew and he was the better able to make a demonstration thereof vnto them by so much that hee which spake had before time beene in France and dwelt therewith Monsieur De Grandmont Gouernour of Bayonne Finally his speech continued almost an houre with much vehemency and affection with a gesture of body and armes as is requisite in a good Oratour And in the end he did cast all his merchandises which were worth aboue 300. crownes brought into that country into Olmechin his boat as making him a present of that in assurance of the loue he would witnes vnto him That done the night hasted on and euery one retired himselfe But Messamoet was not pleased for that Olmechin made not the like oration vnto him nor requited his present For the Sauages haue that noble quality that they giue liberally casting at the feet of him whom they wil honor the present that they giue him But it is with hope to receiue some reciprocall kindnesse which is a kinde of contract which we call without name I giue thee to the end thou shouldest giue me And that is done thorow all the world Therefore Messamoet from that day had in minde to make war to Olmechin Notwithstanding the next day in the morning he and his people did returne with a boate laden with that which they had to wit Corne Tabacco Beanes and Pumpions which they distributed heere and there Those two Captaines Olmechin and Marchin haue since beene killed in the wars In whose stead was chosen by the Sauages one named Bessabes which since our returne hath beene killed by Englishmen And in stead of him they haue made a Captaine to come from within the lands named Asticou a graue man valiant and redoubted which in the twinkling of an eye will gather vp 1000. Sauages together which thing Olmechin and Marchin might also doe For our Barkes being there presently the Sea was seene all couered ouer with their boates laden with nimble and lusty men holding themselues vp straight in them which we cannot doe without danger those boates being nothing else but trees hollowed after the fashion that we will shew you in the booke following From thence Monsieur De Poutrincourt following on his course found a certaine Port very delightfull which had not beene seene by Monsieur De Monts And during the voyage they saw store of smoke and people on the shore which inuited vs to come aland And seeing that no account was made of it they followed the barke along the sand yea most often they did outgoe her so swift are they hauing their bowes in hand and their quiuers vpon their backes alwaies singing and dauncing not taking care with what they should liue by the way Happy people Yea a thousand times more happy than they which in these parts make themselues to be worshipped if they had the knowledge of God and of their saluation Monsieur De Poutrincourt hauing landed in this Port behold among a multitude of Sauages a good number of fifes which did play with certaine long pipes made as it were with canes of reedes painted ouer but not with such an harmony as our Shepheards might doe And to shew the excellency of their art they whisled with their noses in gambolling according to their fashion And as this people did runne headlong to come to the Barke there was a Sauage which hurt himselfe greeuously in the heele against the edge of a rocke whereby hee was inforced to remaine in the place Monsieur De Poutrincourt his Chirurgion at that instant would apply to this hurt that which was of his art but they would not permit it vntill they had first made their mouthes and mops about the wounded man They then laide him downe on the ground one of them holding his head on his lap and made many baulings and singings whereunto the wounded man answered but with a Ho with a complaining voice which hauing done they yeelded him to the cure of the said Chirurgion and went their way and the patient also after he had beene dressed but two houres after hee came againe the most iocund in the world hauing put about his head the binding cloth wherewith his heele was wrapped for to seeme the more gallant The day following our people entred farther into the Port where being gone to see the Cabins of the Sauages an old woman of an hundred or six score yeares of age came to cast at the feet of Monsieur De Poutrincour a loafe of bread made with the wheat called Mahis or Mais and in these our parts Turky or Saracin wheat then very faire hempe of a long growth Item beanes and grapes newly gathered because they had seene French men eat of them at Chauakoet Which the other Sauages seeing that knew it not they brought more of them than one would emulating one another and for recompence of this their kindnesse there was set on their foreheads a filler or band of paper wet with spittle of which they were very proud It was shewed them in pressing the grape into a glasse that of that we did make the wine which we did drinke Wee would haue made them to eat of the grape but hauing taken it into their mouthes they spitted it out so ignorant is this people of the best thing that God hath giuen to man next to bread Yet notwithstanding they haue no want of wit and might be brought to doe some good things if they were ciuilized and had the vse of handy craftes But they are subtill theeuish and traiterous and though they be naked yet one cannot take heed of their fingers for if one turne neuer so little his eies aside and that they spie the opportunity to steale any knife hatchet or any thing else they will not misse nor faile of it and will put the theft between their buttockes or will hide it within the sand with their foot so cunningly that one shall not perceiue it