Mareschals de Turenne and la Ferté to whose care his Majesty had left his Army to continue the glorious progress of their successful undertakings Having then first taken Moncassel they invest Gravelines under the conduct of Monsieur the Mareschal de Bellefons which place after a stout defence by the Besieged who fought in despair was reduced to a Capitulation as when taken from us at such time as the Spaniards made use of our Civil Wars The Chevalier de Hautefeville Captain of the Regiment of Guards entred the 31 day of the siege with three Companies of the said Regiment and the Sieur Davignan was the next day left Governour till further order The Spaniards foreseeing they were about to lose all that they had in these parts did their utmost endeavours to secure what they could possibly but the discreet vigilancy of Monsieur the Mareschal de Turenne did always frustrate their designes They were not able to succour Oudenarde which surrendered immediately to the French valour they were glad to take covert in Armentiers and Tournay for fear of being engaged to Battle where without doubt they would have been beaten since in all our Encounters Fortune had seemed to forsake them and to confer her Victories on us The King designing to visit Lyons arrives at Dijon where receiving some discontents from his Parliament he interdicts them immediately and pursues his Journey to Lyons at which place he was received with incredible joy from all people And here it was that he received the complements of Madame Royale who came to visit him with the Princesses her Daughters Also his Royal Highness of Savoy presented himself with a very considerable Retinue extraordinary well furnish'd Two days after his said Highness parted again for Turin but with a most entire satisfaction at the sight of our excellent Prince The Deputies of the Estates of Languedoc and those of Provence had Audience but the Embassador of Savoy had a particular one as also the Envoy of the Duke of Mantua Since in the beginning of the year all things did seem to concur to render the Lawrels of our young Mars more resplendant all people began now to talk of Peace To that purpose a Cessation from acts of Hostility was publish'd on both sides to the end they might have the more liberty to treat of the future tranquillity and this daughter of Heaven which God alone gives to his people after he has Chastized 'em was equally desired by both parties Monsieur de Lyonne then is sent into Spain and the Sieur Pimentel arrived at Lyons during the King's abode there this appeared a good and hopeful beginning since both Nations began of themselves to re-assume their former Traffique so long discontinued Anno 1659. Hereupon the Cardinal Mazarin accompanied by the Duke of Crequy the Mareschals de Villeroy de Clerembaud the Grand Master of the Artillery the Sieur de Lyonne and a great number of other Lords takes the way of the Frontier where Dom Lewis d'Haro chief Minister of Spain would meet him of France to confer together for the perfecting so great a Work The Truce was already prolong'd to further order but before they begin the Conference it was agreed that Monsieur de Lyonne should have Commission to meet and complement the Minister of Spain and Dom Antonio Pimentel to perform the like civilities to him of France Monsieur de Lyonne had order to propose to the Spaniards a Marriage between their Infanta and the King of France and in regard their chief fear was that in default of Male-Children to succeed to that Crown that Kingdom might fall to the King of France their Queens being now with Childe caused that apprehension to vanish and rendered them the more attentive to this Alliance Notwithstanding proceedings were for a time broken by reason of a difficulty presented on the behalf of the Prince of Condé whom the King of Spain would have comprised in the Treaty Cardinal Mazarin therefore writ to the Pope to perswade that King to wave the Prince's Interest and not for that to defer so precious a benefit to both Nations The Spaniards during this year were in as bad a condition with the Portugals and that made them the more easily incline to wave this Article The Alliance which about this time France had contracted with England and the interview of Madam Royale and his most Christian Majesty had given them sufficient cause of jealousie They went therefore seriously to work to effect the Treaty and during the Winter the King being returned to Paris Pimentel follows him thither and renews the Propositions of Peace and Marriage to which Cardinal Mazarin and D. Lewis d'Haro conferred the finishing hand These two great Ministers being arrived in the Isle of Phesants upon the River Bidassoa with a most magnificent Train after many notable Interviews and Conferences from the one part and the other at last signe the Treaty of Peace and Contract of Marriage between the Infanta of Spain and the King of France Notwithstanding the Publication was not made immediately that being reserved to render the ensuing year more August and Famous the present concluding with all dispositions requisite to our future hopes of an eternal happiness and a lasting Tranquillity to both Kingdoms which not a year ago none dared to promise or expect The Peace then being proclaimed his Holiness and all the Potentates and Soveraigns of Europe express'd their publick joys and satisfaction in those many feux de joye which they commanded their people to make through all their Dominions Anno 1660. The Peace was Register'd in Parliament the 12th of February the Chancelier being present and with universal applause and acclamations In England General Monke was so happy this year as to contribute very much to the Restauration of his Majesty Charles the second the lawful and undoubted Heir and Successor to that Crown To put a compleat end to a War which had lasted 25 Campagnes the King resolves on a Progress thereby also to compose for ever the Factions in Provence and reduce to reason certain Pirates of Marseilles who becoming petty-Tyrants did much oppress that important City The Duke of Mercoeur entred the place Sword in Hand at the head of the King's Light-horse The prudence and moderation of this Prince secured the Town from Pillage and he observed so much order and circumspection in this affair that he soon reduced the place to great obedience After this the King himself was received there with Volleys of Cannon and the joyful cries of Vive le Roy. During this Journey he caused to be demolished the Citadel of Orenge which heretofore had been the cause of much mischief to the Catholicks of the three neighbouring Provinces and was still suspected and withal charged the Prince of Orenge that hereafter he keep a more strong and able Garrison To secure the Marsellois from all fears of their past miseries the King caused to be traced out the Platform of a Citadel and
he has rendered his Name Renowned having joyned Mars and Minerva in his own person The second son is Monsieur the Prince of Conty The Daughter Mademoiselle de Bourbon Married Monsieur the Duke of Longueville Anno 1647. In the beginning of the year 1647. though the Winter-season invited our Troops rather into Garrison yet such was the courage of the Mareschal de Gassion that nothing relenting at the extremity of the Weather he undertakes the siege of Ingelmunster the Garrison of which place was no small impediment in our Victualling Courtray This place was Attaqu'd with such fury that she was forced to yield by the end of February The Governour with his Garrison was conducted to Courtray having received no other composition than to remain Prisoners of War Also the Marquiss of Marolles Governour of Thionville a place heretofore taken by the now Prince of Condé presently after his Victory at Rocroy in the year 1643. about the same time defeated a party of the Garrison of Luxemburg by means of an Ambuscade where he killed and took Prisoners above 100 men About the end of the said Moneth of February the Mareschal de Turenne invests Tubinguen in Germany and after a Siege of seventeen or eighteen daies submits the place to the King's obedience This did contribute much to the Treaty of Neutrality not long after concluded with the Duke of Bavaria in which was comprised the Elector of Cologne Since the Arch-Duke Leopold had quitted the Conduct of the Imperial Forces to be General in the Low-Countries he had raised on the suddain a compleat Army with which he Invests Armentieres under the Government of the Sieur du Plessis-Bellievre This Siege being so surprizing made the courage of our party yield to necessity so that for want of Ammunition the place was surrendered the 31 of May. The Garrison remained all Prisoners of War except the Governour and Principal Officers At this time the King and Queen Regent were at Amiens to give their orders more effectually for securing the Frontiers of Picardy The Arch-Duke Leopold having taken Armentieres lays siege to Landrecies where the Garrison not being sufficient to secure their Outworks the Sieur Heudicourt their Governour after a courageous defence of three Weeks was forced to surrender the 18th of July The Mareschal de Gassion finding that he was unable to succour Landrecies joyned with the Mareschal de Rantzau to revenge that loss elsewhere this last in three days made himself Master of Dixmude and the Mareschal de Gassion so vigorously Assaulted la Bassée that he forced the Besieged to surrender at the end of eight daies After this the Mareschal in one day takes the Fort Nieufdan neer Newport and Sluise with several other little Forts all which he Demolish'd During this the Marquiss de Caracene sent to relieve Newport in case of a Siege obliges the Mareschal to an Engagement in which Rencounter the Enemy lost 300 men and we not above fifteen The French Army being now in sufficient condition to oppose their Enemies the King and Queen Regent leave Amiens the 27th of July and take the way of Abbeville passing thence to Dieppe they were received by the Sieur de Montigny who met them in the head of 500 Gentlemen The 9th of August they arrive at Paris The Mareschal de Rantzau considering that the Mareschal de Gassion was necessitated to remain in the midst of his Enemies to keep la Bassée makes a shew of besieging Lens and by that means having diverted the Enemy and brought off Gassion from all danger attaques the Troops of Duke Charles lately arrived from Luxemburg and defeats 800 men of which he took 200 Prisoners Presently after the Armies of these two Generals being united the 10th of September march against the Common Enemy and often Skirmish but always with advantage on our side The 23 of September our Army having past the River Lis the next day arrives before Lens The Mareschal Gassion took the plain of Doway and the Sieur de Villequier the Bridge Avandin the night following they opened their Trenches and the 26th the Cannon began to batter but the Mareschal Gassion being on his way to succour the Sieur de Villequier at the Bridge Avandin and understanding that the Enemy had taken it returns to the Trenches The 28th he hearing that the Besieged had raised a Pallisade neer the Town-gate he gives order that the Posts be immediately pluck'd up and being told it was a matter of extraordinary danger by reason of the Enemies continual firing from that quarter he goes thither himself and as he was trying to move one of the Posts receives a Musquet-shot in the side of his head with which he falls from his Horse and being taken up and carried to Arras deceased the 10th of October in the 38th year of his Age. But the Sieur de Villequier continues the siege of Lens and that with such resolution and effect that the Besieged are forced to surrender the third of the same October and the Comte de Palluau Mestre de Camp of the Cavalry took possession of the place with a French Garrison In the mean time the Enemy thinking to divert the siege of Lens besiege Dixmude which place after a courageous resistance on our part was forced to surrender The Mareschal de Turenne receiving orders from the King to march into Germany understands that Major-General Rose by secret practises had debauched several Souldiers of his Troops hereupon having first endeavoured by all means possible to reclaim him to his duty though ineffectually to prevent a greater disorder he secures his person and sends him Prisoner to Philipsburg About this time the Spaniards under the Conduct of Bonichausen Mareschal de Camp Imperial Colonel Frangipani Governour of Frankendal and Colonel Garnier form a designe to besiege Worms the Garrison consisting but of 100 men The Sieur de la Marche Governour of the place perceiving the weakness of the place and being prest by the Enemy who had already struck a terrour into the Citizens engaged to surrender in case he received no relief in two daies Hereupon he sends immediately to the Governour of Philipsburg who dispatches the Sieur de la Poquetiere a Gentleman of Touraine with 100 men who guarded with other Succours pass the Enemy enter the Town and without ever resting Sally immediately at another Gate on the opposite side charging the Enemy in that quarter so courageously that in fine they beat them off and * That is to drive a Nail or Iron-pin into the Touch-hole so that they become useless Nail'd their Cannon in such manner that the Enemy finding no hopes of gaining the place quitted the siege In Catalonia the Mareschal de Gramont by order of the Prince of Condé having pursued the Spaniards who besieged Constantine return'd and joyns with our Army the 12 of October and the 21 Monsieur the Prince of Condé having drawn together all our Troops on advice that the Spaniards under the Conduct of the
their Forces and Cromwel his Lieutenant who soon after on the acquittal of the former took to himself the whole Authority He made himself Master of Scotland Ireland and England he made and unmade the Parliament at his pleasure and in fine under the name of Protector of the Commonwealth of England he most Sacrilegiously usurp'd the Command of a King This year ended with the Peace between France the Emperour and Swede concluded at Osnabruc Anno 1649. In the year 1649 the King Queen and Princes leave Paris in the night between the fifth and sixth of January and retire to St. Germains The Parisians believing they intend to revenge their insolencies committed in the action aforesaid take Arms and rise in Troops by order of the Prince of Conty Hereupon the King seizes St. Denis Meudon Corbeil and Lagny This had no doubt occasioned a publick Ruine had not the Court of Parliament deputed several of their Members to his Majestie and obtained a general Amnestie which once more restored France to her former quiet Anno 1650. In January 1650 the Princes of Condé Conty and Duke of Longueville were Imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes from thence removed first to Marcoussy and then to Havre de Grace and restored to Liberty the 6th of February 1651. The Princess of Condé retired to Bourdeaux with the Duke of Enguien her Son where were also the Dukes of Boüillon Roche-Foucaut and de Turenne In this year the Enemy recovered Piombino and Portolongone le Catelet la Capelle and Vervins as also Mouson and Rethel which notwithstanding they kept not long Anno 1651. Nor was the year 1651 more fortunate to us seeing we lost then Furnes and Bergue in Flanders And now the Prince of Condé retires into his Government of Guienne neglecting to be present at the King's Majority which was magnificently celebrated the 7th of September Presently after his Majesty takes a Journey towards Bourges to stop the ill intentions of the Princes which place upon his approach they quitted with their Forces The King stops not in his designes but marches on towards Poitou takes St. Amand sends the Comte de Harcour to attaque Rochelle which the Comte d'Ognon held at the Prince's devotion and compels him to submit to obedience Anno 1652. In the mean time the Parliament at Paris declares the Cardinal Mazarin guilty of High Treason who retires for a while but not at all to remit ought of his care or occasion to serve his Majesty he raises several Troops and presents them to the King at Poitiers the 25th of January 1652 without having encountered any obstacle After this Anger 's is Besieged by the Duke of Rohan and compel'd to submit to the King's obedience together with le Pont de Cé And now the King intending to justifie his Minister sends a Declaration to the Parliament at Paris commanding that all the proceedings against the Cardinal Mazarin be forthwith brought over to him The King Besieges Estampes in which place the Army of the Princes was shut up but the Issue being not very advantageous to the Royal Army he was forced to draw off and invest Paris Here happened many Attaques on both sides after the arrival of the Lorainers though these last shun'd the Encounter as much as possible in such fort that they came not hand to hand till such time as they met in the Fauxbourg St. Anthoine at which Encounter it is believed there died more than 1000 men on both sides The Fight endured from seven in the Morning till three in the Afternoon The Prince of Condé did all that could be expected from a valiant Captain nevertheless had not Mademoiselle caused the City-Gate to be opened and the Cannon to be discharged from the Bastille the Army of the Princes had been utterly defeated Two days after this the disorder was so great in Paris that all people were forced to wear Straw about 'em as a mark of aversion to the Cardinal Mazarin After this they set fire to the outward Gates of the Hostel de Ville where 300 of the most noted Citizens being Assembled to consult of some means whereby to unite the City with the Parliament the Mutineers in order to destroy them all first Massacre the Sieurs le Gras Master of Requests de Janvry Counsellor in the Parliament Myron Master of the Accounts and several others as they came out from the Assembly The Sieur Doujat Counsellor of the Great Chamber and several other persons of Condition had run the same fortune had they not used Disguizes and by the favour of the night past unknown during this disturbance Two of the Factious were Condemned by the Sentence of the Parliament to be Hanged and were accordingly Executed in the Court of the Palace The Sedition grew to that extremity that even the Priests and Religious Women and Children were forced to wear Straw and thereby secure themselves from outrages nay the very Nuns who to shun the dangers of the Campagne sought refuge in this City if at any time they were seen in the Streets or Churches found themselves obliged to appear with this ridiculous Badge The Duke of Nemours about this time challenged the Duke of Beaufort they met with Sword and Pistol The Duke of Nemours fires but without further execution than onely to singe the Duke of Beaufort's Periwig but he in return fail'd not to kill his Enemy And now the people of Paris being pretty well tired with the effects of War begin to disgust the rule of the Princes and upon this occasion depute several of their Burgesses to Pontoise where the King then was to supplicate his Majesty to honour his good Town of Paris with his return This occasioned the retreat of the Duke of Orleans and flight of the Prince of Condé with his Troops Not long after the King returns to the City followed by the Mareschal de l'Hospital Governour of the place the Prevost des Merchands and the Eschevins who had been all constrained to absent and was there received with all the submissions and blessings which the people could possibly invent After this the King went to the Parliament which he re-unites with that part which he had lately establish'd at Pontoise And then and there also he publishes his Amnestie in favour of all those who had risen provided that by their returning to duty they made themselves capable of such a Grace But the Prince of Condé being retired into the Catholick King 's Dominions appeared in the head of an Army before Rhetel of which soon after he got possession as also of Chasteau-Porcien Sainte-Menchou and Bar. During the troubles at Paris the Spaniards knowing the Mareschal de Grancey to be absent from Gravelines lay siege to that place and take it before it could possibly be succoured on our part Those of Guienne finding themselves in such disorder by reason of the Princes party invite the King's Army to come among them commanded by the Count de Harcour who
that Prince during the last Campagne The Ottomans having formed a designe against the Empire and being as yet in no very good condition to attaque it propose an Accommodation In the mean time the Premier-Vizier followed by 25000 Janizaries 30000 Spahys and 40000 men drawn out of Asia 15000 under the Bassa of Bosnia 14000 under him of Silistria 8000 other Janizaries and 12000 Spahys under their General Ali-Bassa 6000 under him of Waradin 9000 under Michel Abaffi 12000 of Moldavia and Valachia and 25000 who quartered neer the Grand Seignior's person at Andrinople enters Belgrade the 18th of June as a Conquerour Besieges and takes Neuhasel the 27th of October besides that the vast body of such an Army did ruine Nevutrade Novitrade and several other places This year his Majesty renewed the desires of the deceased King and his own for the recovery of the Commanderies of the Order And surely the Estates ought to be restored after so much care and concern which these two great Monarchs have shewed for that most lawful and just Restitution Marsal was invested by the Comte de Guiche the 17th of October this Mareschal had given order for the siege but the King's arrival in eleven days and the humble submission of Duke Charles who restored the place to the perfect obedience of his Majesty fill'd the Court with joy as also the Birth of a Prince of Tuscany the ninth of August The Duke of Beaufort being returned into the Mediterranean Sea continued his usual course in performing many brave actions and taking considerable Prizes all which the King expected from his valour and courage The Conversion of the Duke of Meklebourg occasioned the King to confer on him his Orders of Knighthood and to do him several other publick Honours not usual to any but Soveraign Princes He is descended of the Kings of the Vandals and from the Herules The Embassadors from the Cantons of Swisserland having been treated at Vincennes with a magnificence truly Royal made their publick entry at Paris the ninth of November with so great a splendor that there was found more than 1000 Coaches in their Train The eleventh following they had Audience of the King who took each of them by the hand and remained * Convert but I suppose rather uncovered Covered during the Harangue of the first Embassador to which his Majesty answered with much joy and tenderness The Ceremony of the Renovation of the Alliance was performed at Nostre-Dame where the Cardinal Antoine approaching the place in which his Majesty was then seated and having placed the Book of the Gospels before him the King put his hand thereon with the Embassadors while the Sieur d'Ormesson read the Oath After this Te Deum was sung and the Cannon discharged The Deputies of Avignon arriving to assure the King of the Fidelity and Zeal of that place were presented by the Sieur de Lyonne and had Audience the 24th of November in the Grand Cabinet Not long after this the Duke of Enguien espoused the Princess Palatine Anne of Bavaria Their Majesties were pleased to grace the Marriage-feast with their presence The Bridegroom-Duke Duke dined at the Princess Palatine's his Mother-in-law who regaled the Princes and Princesses with extream magnificence At Supper the King and Queens were entertained at a Table of sixty Dishes and six distinct Services all nobly furnished On the 14th of December the King was pleased to declare in Parliament his pleasure to bestow the quality of Duke and Pair on fourteen persons whom he esteemed most worthy of that Honour as well by birth as merit and these were the Dukes of Vernüil d'Estrées de Gramont de la Méleraye de Mazarin Villeroy Mortemar Crequy Saint-Aignan Foix Liancour Tremes Noailles and Coaslin The Articles of Marriage between the Emperour and the second Infanta having been publish'd the 18th of the instant December the Contract was signed by the Count de Pelting Embassador for his Imperial Majesty The 27th of December deceased at Turin Madame-Royale much lamented by her people and the Court of France Anno 1664. With much displeasure did France and Italy behold the death of the Dutchess of Savoy which happened on the 14th of January and not long after that of the Arch-Duke Charles-Joseph the Emperour's Brother to the no less sorrow of Germany and Spain The first Representation of the Ballet of Loves Disguize was performed the 13th of February by a most delightsome contest between Pallas attended by the Virtues and Arts and Venus by the Graces and Pleasures to accommodate the dispute Mercury directs them to the King whose Arbitration they also desire and submit to Here the Scenes were so many and compleat the fourteen Entries so splendid the Habits so extream rich the Speeches and Poetry so charming the Dancers so graceful and exact that in effect this grand Divertisement became most admirable And now our Troops appearing on their march in Modena and Parma the Marquiss Mathei findes himself obliged to visit that Frontier and renew his Orders to his reformed Officers of those Forces which he had lately raised This also gave occasion to revive the Conferences at Pisa between the Sieur de Bourlemont Plenipotentiary for the King and the Sieur Rasponi on the part of his Holiness which at last were happily ended by the Treaty of Peace concluded the 12th of February where his Majesty the Dukes of Parma Modena Cesarini and the other Partisans and Friends of France received all satisfaction It contained among other things that the Corses were declared incapable to serve for the future in Rome and the Estates Ecclesiastick And that a Pyramide should be erected directly opposite to their Corps-de-Garde with an Inscription containing the Decree against ' em This War first made known to the Court of France the persons of the Cardinals d'Este Maldachini and Imperiale The third of March the Duke of Beaufort parted from Toulon with seven Vessels to give chace to the Pirates of Barbary who he had always defeated and made Prize of in many Encounters The Peace of Italy obliged his Holiness to assist the Emperour with 2000 Horse and 6000 Foot And it was ordered at Ratisbone that they march with diligence in regard the Ottomans were incredible for number The 7th of May the King celebrates a great Feast at Versaille which lasted three days under the Title of the Pleasures of the Inchanted Island It began with running at the Ring and here the Marquiss de la Valliere received the Prize The second day was represented a French Comedy intermingled with Musick Poetry and Entries of a Ballet and the third a Ballet upon the Water and artificial Fireworks The Cardinal Chisi during this Legation in France made choice of the Sieur Visconti Auditor of the Rota for his Datary the Sieur Bucinocorsi Clerk of the Chamber for his Major-domo the Sieur Roberti for his Secretary and for his Protonotary the Sieur Colonna son to the Prince de Carbognano He was received the 12th
and the Mareschal de Gassion that of St. Venant both which surrendered not long after and thereby made us Masters of the River Lis. In the mean time the Duke of Guise went to take an exact view of the Town of Armentiers Not long after this the Sieur Mazerin of the Order of St. Dominique Master of the Holy Palace and at present Arch-Bishop of Aix departed from Rome for France The 7 of September the King went to the Parliament At the same happened a difference in the Convent of Reformed Jacobins in the new street St Honoré between the Parisians and Gascons of this Reformation these demanding to be separated from the other The affair was urged to such a point that the Queen Regent gave order to the Chancellor with certain Bishops and Councellors of State to compose it who ordained that there should be no separation that none of the Parisians might be sent into Gasconie and that there should be but 8 Gascons in the said Monastery four of which to be of the Province of St. Maximin and the other four of Tholouse The Town of Armentiers through which passes the River Lis and in which are about 6000 Inhabitants surrendered by Composition to the Mareschals de Gassion and de Rantzau on the 10 of December In the mean while by the mediation of the most Christian King a Peace was concluded between the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Sieur de la Tuillerie being sent Embassador Extraordinary on the part of his Majestie The 20th of September was concluded at the Castle of Fontainbleau the Contract of Marriage between Vladislaus King of Poland and Lowisa-Maria de Gonzague Daughter to the Duke of Mantua and Aunt to him now living The Contract among other things contained that the Princess Mary should have in the name of Dowâ—y two Millions and one hundred thouâ—and Livres of French money of which sum the most Christian King should pay six hundred thousand Livres in free gift and for the other fifteen hundred thousand Livres was to be valued her Title which she might have to succeed her Father in the Dutchy of Mantua The King Authorized this affair as her Father and the Queen Regent as her Mother who thereupon did signe the Contract On Sunday the 29th of October the Embassadors of Poland made their magnificent entry into Paris at the Gate of St. Anthony The pomp was so full of admiration to the eyes of all Spectators who fill'd the High-ways for the space of two Leagues from Paris insomuch that several Authors have in their Writings left us very ample descriptions of it I shall therefore dwell no longer on this particular of small consequence having so large a Subject of the Exploits of War and our Generals of Armies Let it suffice that the Embassadors were the Bishop of Varuic and the Palatine of Posnanie who the Tuesday following had Audience of their Majesties and afterwards of the Princess the designed Queen of Poland During these Secular Grandeurs the Church Triumph'd in three Conversions One was of Prince Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine Husband to the Princess Anne de Gonzague Sister to the Queen of Poland who abjured Heresie between the hands of Father Fore a Cordelier the 3d of November This was immediately preceded by that of the Marquess de Montausier who was made Governour of Angoumois and Xaintonge Afterwards in the moneth of July at the siege of Bourburg followed that of the Comte de Rantzau who as may be seen in the course of this History after many Exploits of War and in divers Combats having left himself but half a Body had notwithstanding a Soul remaining so sound and entire as to dispose himself into the Bosom of the Church in which affair also was employed Father Fore On the 20th of October the Town of Balaguier submitted to the Comte de Harcour Vice-Roy in Catalonia The 3d of September happened a great fire in the Town of Anger 's which begun in the house of a certain Pastry-Cook the Flame raged with such violence that it did much damage to many Houses this occasioned the concourse of many people to assist During the Bustle somebody advised to cast into the midst of the Flames certain little Scappularies of the Virgin of Mount Carmel with which action the fire was appeased and extinguish'd yet the Scappularies themselves no ways indamaged During this they murmur at Rome to see the Arms of France placed over the Palace-gates of Cardinal Barberin and Dom Thadaeo his Brother Prefect of the City But the Cardinal Barberin gave an account of the action to his Holiness On the 5th of November the Queen of Poland was espoused to the Prince Palatine of Posnanie representing the person of the King his Master The Ceremonies were performed at the Palace Royal by the Bishop of Varuic with permission of the Cardinal of Lions Grand Aumosnier of France and the Arch-Bishop of Paris And after Mass was celebrated the Feast Royal. And now the Mareschal de Gassion who commands the King's Army in the Low Countries cuts in pieces the Spanish Forces takes 19 Ensignes and 8 Cornets of Horse and 4000 Prisoners At the same time the French Army under the conduct of the Mareschal de Turenne takes Treves by Composition of which place the Comte de Laverne was Governour Afterwards the Arch-Bishop Elector of the Empire was restored to his possession This year the Assembly of the Clergy was held at the great Augustins in Paris And at the same time was finish'd that painful Work the great Bible which contains seven several Texts viz. the Hebrew the Samaritan the Chaldee the Seventy the Syriack St. Jerom's Translation and the Arabick The Work consists of ten Volumes and was perfected at the expence of the Sieur le Jay This admirable Piece being now compleated was presented to the King and Qu. Regent in the presence of Monsieur the Duke of Orleans Monsieur the Prince of Condé Monsieur the Cardinal of Mazarine and Monsieur the Chancellor Le Sieur le Jay received for recompence a Brieve to be Councellor of State and 2000 Livres of Pension The 27th of November Loüise-Marie de Gonzague Queen of Poland parted from Paris to finde the King her Husband with the Embassadors the King and Queen Regent accompanied her almost to St. Denis in France and bid her adieu before the Chappel of Clignancourt leaving with her the Sieurs de Rhodes and Sanctot great Masters of the Ceremonies the Sieurs de Berlise Conductor of Embassadors and de Linage Captain-Ensigne to the Regiment of Guards to conduct her to the Frontiers and to cause the same honour to be paid her in all places where she past as to the King and Queens own persons Having remained two days at St. Denis she past on to Senlis Compeigne Noyon and from thence to Peronne where she was received by the Sieur d'Hoquincourt the Governour Passing still further she rested in the middle of a Field where the Sieurs de
which time he had past most of the chief Offices belonging to his robe namely that of the President of Requests of the Palace Attorney-General in the Parliament which place he exercised neer 27 years first President in the said Assembly neer thirteen years and lastly Gard de Sceaux and all these with a marvelous integrity and fidelity to the King's service The next day the Chancelier of France coming to attend the King according to the orders sent him by the Sieur Mancini his Majesty by the advice of his Eminency gave him the Seals in the Queens presence with all possible demonstrations of the just esteem which he had for this so eminent and sage Head of the French Justice In the same year the King having laid siege to Valenciennes where the Mareschal de Turenne commanded in the quality of Lieutenant-General and having now reduced this important place and the Spanish Forces to their very last effort but not being able to prevent the succours he raised the siege Though immediately after his Majestie 's Army in Italy under the conduct of the Duke of Modena took Valence and at the same time his said Majesty forced la Capelle to submission in sight of the Enemy's Army consisting of more than 30000 men On the 8th of September the Princess Christina late Queen of Swedeland after she had abjured Heresie between the Pope's own hands at Rome and resigned her Kingdom to her Cozin Charles Gustavus Prince Palatine arrived at Paris where she was most magnificently received after this and that she had saluted the King at Compiegne she returned to Rome This year ended happily with a Universal Jubile which began the first Sunday of Advent and ended the second of January 1657. Anno 1657. This year begins with the loss of the Town of St. Guillain which the Spaniards recovered from us the Garrison retiring to Guise after an honourable Capitulation The season now approaching to draw into the Campagne Monsieur the Mareschal de Turenne took the way of Flanders there to command our Forces The King followed not long after making his Family immediately set forwards for Compeigne Monsieur le Mareschal de la Ferté having also directed his march towards Luxemburg with a considerable Army Monsieur the Mareschal de Turenne assisting him at a distance with his Troops he invests Montmedy the 11th of June and wrought at the Lines with such a resolution that in spight of all resistance from the Besieged they were compleated the 15th following In regard this place was of such importance to the Catholick King the Spanish Commanders did their utmost to relieve it but with no success and therefore they think of some other way Having then intelligence that the Garrison of Calais had been of late much weakened by the absence of 300 men drawn off from thence to re-inforce that at Ardres they resolve to attaque it at unawares but it resisted with so much glory that the Assailants not able to effect their designes retired with shame The Spaniards unable to relieve Montmedy the Inhabitants were forced to capitulate the 6th of August The Garrison consisting of 300 Musqueteers and 100 Horse left the place and were conducted within sight of the Walls of Arlon The King entred and viewed the Walls round on Horseback He made the Baron de St. Pé Governour to whose place not long after succeeded the Marquiss de Vandy one of his Majestie 's Generals and Camp-Master to the Carabines The Conquest of Montmedy was followed by that of St. Venant from which place the Spaniards desiring to divert our Arms made a shew to attaque Ardres where notwithstanding they were forced shamefully to raise their siege with the loss of the entire Regiment of Persan who were all cut to pieces The rest of this Campagne past in petty Skirmishes in particular the Garrison of Rocroy was soundly beaten in seeking to raise a Contribution among the neighbour Villages Dom John of Austria the Prince of Condé and several Troops with them having put themselves into Dunkirk on some designe the Mareschal de Turenne on his part prepares to attaque Mardike which he did so effectually that it was soon after surrendered to the discretion of our Commanders the Enemy having deferred to capitulate till it was too late We were no less happy in Italy The Castle of Monteri surrendered to the force of our Arms so also did the Castle of Non which was taken before the very face of the Comte de Fuensaldaigne by the Prince of Conty After this we invest Alexandria but the siege there was no sooner formed but raised again and that for the Conquest of Montecalvo and the Castle of Monts places which made us Masters of Monferrat Nothing considerable past this year in Catalonia where at that time the Duke of Candale commanded but died in his return at Lyons The Magazine of Powder in the Town-house at Bourdeaux took fire by some accident which reduced that poor Town into a deplorable condition This misfortune happened on the third of December Innocent the 10th deceasing as aforesaid Alexander the 7th succeeded in the Papacy who desiring above all things to see the two greatest Kings of Europe united in a Peace proposed it first to his most Christian Majesty and endeavoured to incline him but he received for answer that the onely obstruction lay on the part of his Enemies and that he was always most willing Anno 1658. This so generous Declaration thus happily opening the way gave no small hopes for the effecting so great a good but first his Majesty found himself obliged to force the Spaniards to reason by a further pursuit of his Victories beginning with the siege of Dunkirk which soon after being taken he put it into the hands of Milord Lockhart the English Embassador conditionally that he should permit no violence to the Religion of the Inhabitants The taking of this place though of chief concern 't was too small a Conquest for our Invincible Monarch The Battle of Dunes which we gained intirely with the addition of Bergues St. Winox Furnes and Dixmude followed this gallant Enterprize The Spaniards were seized with terrour at the sight of so many Conquests and the consternation was so great among them that at the very name of the French they took their heels before Newport with the loss of 800 Horse and 3000 Cows which our party took without any resistance Amidst so many Lawrels our invincible Monarch was assaulted by a violent Feaver which in a little time reduced him to much extremity but God who is always vigilant for the conservation of Kingdoms restored this young Mars to his people beyond all their hopes His health being thus recovered his Majesty leaves Calais to return to Paris where all the Soveraign Courts and the Burgesses went out to meet him testifying with how great joy they had received the happy news of his recovery of which they had been almost desperate In the mean time the
Princes of Vendôme having by their Legitimated birth and in respect of Marriage priority above all other Princes and a power to succeed to the Crown before the Dukes of Longueville and all this is comprised in the said Declarations On the 30th of December the Novices marching before the ancient Knights the six Ecclesiasticks were first received into the quality of Commandeurs of the Order After them the 66 Knights Laicks The King began with the Princes of Bourbon and Vendôme but his Majesty not able to comprehend the pretensions of the Comte de Soissons and the Duke of Guise they were not received saying he would have them two go together and march with the Dukes of Mercoeur and Beaufort who by right of Birth and by the Declaration of Henry the Great take place after the Bourbons and ought to precede the Princes of Courtenay and Portugal when they are acknowledged and received into this Quality This was adjudged authentickly and with great and mature consideration of the Case and executed in the presence of the most Great and August Assembly of the Kingdom and in the sight of more than 100000 Witnesses all the people that were present at this so gallant action Anno 1662. The next day being the first of January the grand Ceremony was continued at the Augustins the Knights wearing the Collers of the Orders and the second being apparelled in Mourning-Robes they assist at a solemn Service for the Knights deceased at which was a most magnificent Representation a King at Arms placed at the Head and four Heralds at the Corners And now it was that the Portugals had so well defended themselves during this first Campagne that the Spaniards were forced to begin a new War On the 19th of January the Carnaval begun with a Balet consisting of nine entries at the Madame's in which to render it the more excellent was no omission of cost or pleasing objects The grand Ball was danced the seventh of February where the Grandeur and glory of the House of France was most lively represented with the fifteen Alliances which she had contracted in the Imperial Family The Treaty with the Duke of Lorain in which he released all his Estates to our King under divers Conditions reserving however to himself the Possession was verified the 27th of February At this time the Portugals contracted a strict Alliance with England giving their Infanta Tangier and other advantageous Conditions to Charles the second for his defence and assistance against the King of Spain The Succours which they drew from thence France have establish'd that Crown against all the efforts of his Catholick Majesty On the 27th of April Peace and a Renovation of the Alliance betwixt France and Holland was concluded and signed after a Negotiation of eighteen Moneths It was on the 18th of June following that the famous Carrousel or Triumphant Combat on Horseback began It was composed of five Squadrons or Companies That of the King were all apparrelled in the ancient Roman habit That of the Duke of Orleans represented Persians the Prince of Condé Turks the Duke of Enguien Indians and the Duke of Guise the Savages The party of the Prince of Condé gain'd the Prize and received a Diamond from the Queen-Mothers hand The attempt late made at Rome the 20th of August on the persons of the Duke and Dutchess of Crequy by the factions of the * The Pope's Guards Corses and * Serjeants Sbirres against the Law of Nations and the cruel and unjust persecution rais'd against the French caused the Duke Cesarini and the other Partisans and friends of this Crown to oblige the Embassador and his * L' Ambassadrice in the Original Lady to quit the City and retire into the Estates of Tuscany and so return into France The Church and indeed all Europe found themselves much scandalized at so soul an action much blaming the Fauters and adherents of this capital Crime which made so great a noise and in the end was determined in a Treaty The Marquiss Mathei a chief Minister and Plenipotentiary of his Imperial Majesty was expell'd from his service for having unknown to him and without his agreement accepted the Office of Commander of his Holiness's Arms. The Emperour and our King were at this time reconciled by the mediation of the Marquiss de la Fuente the Comte Fuensaldagne having laboured in that affair four years without effect And their Majesties gave mutual testimonies of affection and sincerity by several Letters which this Embassador exchanged in the moneth of September Great joy appeared in France and Spain at the birth of Madame at the Louvre the eighteenth of November This Princess was * Ondoyée Christened privately by the Cardinal Antoine in presence of the whole Court and the 27th of December the publick Ceremony of her Baptism was performed by his Eminence she being named Anne-Elizabeth by the Queen-Mother and the Monsieur She deceased the 30th following and her Body was conveyed to St. Denis About this time a Courier arrived to inform the King of the delivery of Dunkirk the Fort of Mardike and the greater and lesser Fort of Bergue and that his Troops were entred Presently upon this news his Majesty sets out for the place where he made his entry the second of December and returned again the sixth with the same diligence that at first he had taken the Voyage accompanied with the Duke of Enguien and Duke of Beaufort this last but lately landed from giving chase to the Pirates of Barbary This year was made happy in a conclusion of Marriage between the Duke of Savoy and Mademoiselle de Valois The Ballet of the Arts consisting of seven Entries was danced the first time at Madame's where was present the Prince Eldest son to the King of Denmarke Anno 1663. The Duke of Crequy's return into France and the reduction of Benevento in the Estates Ecclesiastick the 14th of March into which place the Prince de la Ricca had retired contrary to his word past to the Vice-roy of Naples for having killed an Artisan and debauched away his Wife had much alarmed the Court of Rome who through a panique fear had made several Levies which again were disbanded as suddainly Which occasioned a certain Cardinal to say * Qu'elle possedoit la Science des Contre-temps That they plaid at cross purposes having raised Arms no-body knows against who and laid 'em down again not considering where they have made Peace The Ceremony of the Nuptials of Mademoiselle de Valois and the Comte de Soissons Proxie to the Duke of Savoy was performed at the Louvre the fourth of March by the Cardinal Antoine the seventh following the Princess departed for Savoy About the eighth of June Dom John who had promised to himself the Conquest of Portugal was beaten in a set Battle at Evora by the Comtes of Villaflora and Schomberg recovering also at the same time the said Town and all the other Conquests of
of May at Marseilles with extraordinary magnificence the like through all the Kingdom till he arrived incognito at Fountainbleau where he was received by the King at the entrance into the Queen-Mothers Cabinet des Bains Afterwards he made his publick entry at Fountainbleau the 18th of July and at Paris the ninth of August and returned to Rome with the same Pomp and magnificence that at first he arrived in France Germany was at this time much Alarmed at the raising the siege of Canise and at the loss of the Fort of Serin The Primier Vizier had defeated the whole force of the Emperour's Army and had it not been for the assistance of the French Forces there commanded by the Comte de Coligny the Consternation of that action had been extream The Comte de la Fueillade signalized his valour on this occasion who arriving the 15th of August defeated more than 10000 Turks on the Raab where they lost 150 Colours and sixteen pieces of Cannon which were planted on the other side of the River and all this notwithstanding the Gross of their Army was not far distant This great success obliged the Turkish General to march towards Gran there to joyn 20000 men and thereby put himself in a condition to repair his said loss and shame and also more effectually to secure that place and Newhausel He call'd back also those Troops which had already past the Vaag to wast the Countries of Moravia and Silesia in order to his designe of extending his Conquests to the very Walls of Vienna and into the Hereditary Countries of the Emperour But this Rout obliged a Truce between the two Empires and the Enemy to decamp the 29th of September The Enterprize of Gigeri did not a little contribute to effect this so also his Majesties designe to render Africa and her Kings free and Christian and to establish in that part of the World Commerce and the Law of Nations This had been truly a most Heroick action and to the great profit of the whole World It had had no doubt a favourable success had the generous resolution of the Admiral Duke of Beaufort been followed For the victorious are always obliged to fight and conquer and they never take root in a strange Country otherwise than by continual Combats and Battles which make 'em fear'd and casts the people into so great a consternation that in fine they are glad to submit to the discretion of their Conquerours The Duke d'Ossonne continuing the War in Portugal with no better success than Dom John the Spaniards strive now to raise a more puissant Force than ever under the command of the Marquiss de Caracene About this time the English offered several acts of Hostility to the Hollanders and prepare for a War The Parliament raise two Millions and a half of pounds sterling to manage it they do much damage on the Coast of Guiny and New-Holland and their Fleet which scour'd the Seas had order to see that no English were aboard any Dutch Vessel and if they found any or if they refuse to be search'd to fight ' em The 16th of November the Queen was delivered of the Princess Mary-Anne of France who deceased the 26th of December This year the Venetians were at rest le Marquiss Ville having visited all the places of that State and left 'em in good order The Chevalier d'Hoquincourt with onely one Ship fought gloriously against 33 Turkish Gallies sunk five and much indamaged the rest The King desirous that Justice should be done in the most remote Provinces of his Kingdom establish'd a Chamber of Justice in Auvergne where the President de Novion did well answer the choice which his Majesty had made of so learned a person to preside there on Grand days Anno 1665. The Ballet of the Birth of Venus was now danced It was the Invention of the Dutchess of Orleans to whose conduct his Majesty had remitted the manage of this affair It consisted of two parts both beginning with excellent Dialogues and Speeches The first by Neptune and Thetis and the second by the Graces It contained also twelve Majestick Entries all which was augmented with a Masquerade of ten Entries The Spanish Army now consisting of 10000 Horse and 20000 Foot that King refuses the Mediation of the King of England as to a Peace with Portugal supposing the War with Holland would sufficiently employ that Prince and prevent his assisting the said Kingdom In the mean time the States of Holland license all private persons to equip out what Vessels they can to cruze about and do what mischief they can to the English whose Regiments they also casheered hoping thereby to repair the damage they sustain by the rupture of Trade The Admiralties on both sides strive who shall equip the most potent Navy and prepare for a vigorous defence The English having made Prize of 160 of their Vessels But that which surprized the whole World was that notwithstanding this they joyn'd their force against those of Alger The Bishop of Munster's taking Arms and the Intelligence he had with many Princes of Germany obliged the Estates of Westphalia to assemble and the Hollanders to stand upon their guard They also desire the Hanse-Towns at the same time not to furnish themselves with any English Merchandise in like manner as his Majesty of Great Britain had obliged them not to receive any out of Holland And the better to defend themselves they oblige Valdee and the Brunswic Troops to secure their Frontiers About this time the House of Austria laboured unsuccessfully to match one of their Princesses to the Duke of Savoy thereby to draw him off from our Alliance on which condition they offered to joyn Alexandrin to his Estates and several other advantages which the Bishop of Laon did not approve He therefore demonstrated to this Prince that solid Goods are of far greater consideration than empty appearances and that his Marriage with Mademoiselle de Nemours would settle his Estate and House which indeed ought never to be separated from the Interests of France He had before this taken much pains to conclude a three and twentieth Alliance between the Houses of Savoy and France of the Duke of Nemours and Mademoiselle de Longueville This Prince did what he could to dis-engage himself and procured the said illustrious Prelate to be Install'd Arch-Bishop of Reims And now it was that the King sent into England the Duke of Verneüil to endeavour a Reconciliation between his two neighbour-Nations and prevent a cruel War But they met the 13th of June and Victory seemed doubtful for a while till at last she declared in favour of the Duke of York the Hollanders loosing their Admiral Opdam and 17 ships At the same time the King Solemnized a great Feast at Versaille After which his Majesty did proscecute with much assiduity a former designe to unite the two Seas by the Rivers of Guyenne and Languedoc The Battle of Villa-viciosa this year did much abate
the Ambition of the Spaniards and no less raise the Courage of the Portugals The Treaty of the King of England with the Bishop of Munster astonish'd the Hollanders and the Troops sent to their succours engaged us in a War with that Crown The Duke of Beaufort took and carried off the ships in the Port of Bougie in spite of all resistance from their Arms Fire or the Artillery of five Forts that commanded the place He burnt the Admiral of Alger and two other Vessels in the very mouth of the Harbour Those of Alger sent out twenty ships to expel him out of their Road he having onely four two of which they perceived this Prince had taken from them They were glad to use the advantage of the Night to fight him in but they were reduced to the utmost Consternation when they perceived they got nothing but blows In fine they were so terrified that they call'd back their Fleet again into their own Port. The 24th of August under Sarcelle he encountered five Vessels of Alger and the order which he gave for their destruction was so admirable that in three hours he became Master of three with the other two he continued fighting when the Powder-room taking fire the Report was heard ashore and of this accident the Pirates made use to fire the Saint Loüisa By this time the Hollanders had recruited and were got to the mouth of the Thames where they waited the motion of the English Navy On the 17th of September arrived the last hour of Philip the 4th of Spain whose decease was followed not long after by that of the Duke of Vandosme the 22 of October Their Majesties and all the Court did attest their Sorrows to the Dutchess his Widow and to the Duke of Mercoeur To that end the King sent the Duke de Saint Agnan apparell'd in a Mourning-Robe born up by two Gentlemen the Corner'd Cap and the Coller of the Order the Ceremony was conducted by the King at Arms and a Herald who having presented him with the Holy-Water he cast it three times on the Sepulchre of the deceased Prince while his Majesty's Musick sing the De Profundis The Comte de Sery performed the same Office on the part of Monseigneur the Dauphin and the Comte du Plessis-Praslin and the Marquiss de Pluvaut for the Dukes of Orleans and Valois which ended the Ceremony The first of December the Mareschals du Plessis d'Aumont and de la Ferté-Seneterre and the Marquiss de Montausier were received into the quality of Dukes and Pairs of France Anno 1666. The decease of the Queen-Mother which arrived the 20th of January was most sensibly resented by their Majesties and the whole Court Not long after insued a Rupture between France and England in pursuance of the League Defensive made by the Crown of France with the Hollanders in the year 1662. And now his Majesty by his Declaration publish'd his Intentions to relieve 'em and joyn his Forces with theirs against the English as well by Sea as Land The Queen of Portugal who had hitherto with so much glory and generosity supported that Crown deceased the 27th of February at whose death the Court of Spain took no small advantage by their many Intrigues and Cabals which they rais'd afresh in that Kingdom The Bishop of Munster who had so far terrified the Hollanders as to occasion them to invoke the aid of France for their defence about this time happily concluded a Peace this occasioned the return of our Troops Those of Holland have now therefore no more to do than to prosecute their Marine affairs and minde their Wars with England The 29th of May the Duke of Beaufort parted from Toulon with his Majestie 's Fleet on designe directly to meet a Squadron of the English and fight 'em in assistance of the Hollanders and this they happily performed at the same time when our Troops by Land defended them from the Insults of the Bishop of Munster Notwithstanding all the endeavours and Menaces of the Porte the Venetians and the Marquiss Ville appeared this year the aggressors of a War by Sea and by Land in Dalmatia and in the Isle of Candy having besieged New-Candy and almost blockt up Canea The Families of Vandosme and d'Estrée received extraordinary joy at the Birth of a Prince of Savoy they having been at no small labour and great expences to prefer the Princesses of Nemours and particularly the Queen of Portugal the ornament and support of that Crown The assistance of France and conduct of the Bishop of Laon in this affair hath defeated the Spanish designes in his intended Conquest of those Dominions which have now by this important Alliance taken fast root and re-establish'd that ancient Kingdom The Fleets of England and Holland being joyn'd the 11th of June there followed a terrible Battle and so resolute that it continued till the 14th at which time the English Ships retiring into the Thames and soon recruiting with fresh men they put out to Sea again and another great fight began the fourth of August which concluded to the equal prejudice of both parties Several of the English pursuing their Enemies into the Vlie fired there a great number of Merchants-ships They had yet another Battle neer Calais where the English having the Wind and the Tempest being great they run their Enemies on the adverse Shore In the mean time the Duke of Beaufort having taken in the Squadron which had conducted the Queen to Portugal sail'd with intentions to joyn the Hollanders at Calais but understanding they were retired for fear to be alone exposed to the Enemy he gained Brest in sight of the English Fleet they not able to prevent it though in this passage some of his ships being separated from the rest by a violent Tempest the Triumph the Mazarin and the Ruby fell among the English where valiantly fighting they were much torn and shattered and forc'd to retire into Havre except the Ruby who was so far engaged that her Captain la Roche grapled with the Admiral of England intending to perish together in fine obtained quarter After the Alliance concluded the 25th of October between the Hollanders and the King of Denmark the Elector of Brandenburg and the Princes of Brunswick certain Propositions of Accommodation were set afoot His Majesty of Great Britain protesting not to have made any act of Hostility against that Republick complain'd that they had taken 200 Vessels before ever the War broke out And in order to assure Navigation to re-establish Commerce and procure a Peace the States made known to his Majesty that it was necessary to appoint some place neutral where to treat as well with them as their Allies The affair of Breme which had so cruelly alarmed the Hanse and Imperial Towns was in fine determined the 25 of Nov. the Swedes contenting themselves with the submission of the Inhabitants The Duke of Valois was Baptized at the Palais Royal the sixth of December and