be sold Cadmus found Gold Melting Brasse Smiths â—orge Idei Dactili Sothering of Iron Pirodes stroke fire out of Flint Gold in Rome Janus coyns of Brasse Looking-Glasses Sidon Prometheus Rings served to Seal Letters Aman might have but one Ring Rings were worn on the left hand Vermilion Myrrh Crystal Hercules Wood-bridg The Arcadians manner An Oracle Prometheus made Images Ceres Image of Brasse M. Attilius made the first Image of Gold in Rome Phidias Augustus Seal Polygnotus The beginning of painting Cleophantus invented colours Potters craft Dibutades Worker of Clay Mummius destroyed Corinth Demeratus Potters frame Husbandry Dionysius Triptolemus Men lived by Acorns Baking and grinding Dunging land Yoking Oxen Plough Instruments of Husbandry Wine Oresteus Noáh planter of the Vineyard Olive-Oyl Making Cheese Gargorius Gathering honey Adam named Beasts Hiperbius Abel Eating of Flesh Priests of Aegypt Banquets Beasts that be Badges Adam made the first coat of Leather Shoomakers craft Embroidring Spinning and Weaving Silk Hercules Tiro Houses Making Walls of Houses Pallas invented Building Blessing of â—ouses Gravors in Marble Occasion of making Cities Cecropia Argos Diospolis Isaac digged Pits Four Labyrinths Mausoleum Artemesia The Romans burned their dead bodies Sylla Women had Commendations in Rome Rameses Ptolomeus The manner of Writing in Egypt Romulus Covering of Scaffolds First Justing in Rome Private Baths Common-Bâ—ths Notable Baths How the Saw was found Daedalus slew his Nephew for envy The Tyrians were cunning Carpenters Who was ruler on the Sea first Neptune Erichthras devised Boats Noah made the first ship Philosophers were Merchants Carthaginians first Merchants Dionysius taught the Trade of Merchandise The Hebrews did buy and sell Hebrews did buy and sell Venus a common woman Spu. Posthumius abrogated Bacchus's Feasts Common women were of long time Our Religion began of the Hebrews Enos called first on God Moses delivered the Israelites from bondage Gods mercy is shewed God is made Man What year Christ was incarnate Christ was persecuted to death The year of Christs Death and Resurrection The Holy Ghost is sent Peter Converted three thousand Stephen is martyred Men were first called Christians in Antioch Peter Bishop of Antioch Mary the Virgin dyed Paul is converted Paul was beheaded Peter was crucified Circumcision Abraham is circumcised Why the blood was shed The second Circumcision Other Countries do circumcise What Circumcision signifieth John Baptist author of Baptism When Lay-men may Christen Three Baptisms The old custome of baptizing Aaron first Priest Noah made the first Altar Succession in Priesthood Christ Authour of our Priest-hood Spiritual Priest-hood All Christian men are Priests Second Priest-hood is a Ministery The manner of consecrating in the Apostles time Laying on of hands The fashion of the Primitive Church A Bishops office Scripture beareth these Rome made more Orders Iginius did devise first Orders The Office of a Priest The shaven Crown is the Priests badge Occasion of shaving of Crowns Peter was mocked for his baldness Shaven Crowns came of the Nazarens Priests of Egypt were shaven What the Crown signifieth Lame men may not be Priests The age of Priests Stalling a Bishop Cures in Rome Cardinals Innocentius Cardinal Hatts Order of Cardinals The Bishop of Rome may change his name Sergius invented the changing of his name Election of the Bishop of Rome The Empire is removed into France by Bishops of Rome Charls gave the Lands to the See of Rome Otho a German is made Emperour Princes Electors Decree by the Bishop of Rome The Pall is decreed to the Patriarchs Changing of Bishopricks A Priest might not be convented Excommunication The age of Nuns at their profession Nuns might touch no coap nor Incense Women may not be bare head in the Church Taking off of Caps Kissing the Bishop of Romes feet Saluting With Kisses Washing of feet on Maundy Thursday Flamen Dialis Pontifex maximus Offering Images of Wax or Tapers ☞ Drinking on Maundy-Thursday Casting of money abroad The laudable manner of the Italians Kings and Priests were anointed Purple Robe is the difference of the Emperour Aaron and Saul first anointed Anointing of children Christned The manner of confirming Extream Unction When a Priest might not marry Bishops married Maids A Priest might but once marry Paphnutius withstood the Council of Nice Gregory established the single life of Priests Decrees of kindred inhibited Purification of women after Child-bearing Solomon made the first Temple First Church in Rome Abraham ordained the first place of Buriall Constantine forbade putting to death on the Cross Hellen found the Crosse of Christ Cain and Abel sacrificed first Men were sacrificed by the Gentiles Punishments that they suffered for omitting the oblations Dedicating of Churches Oracles ceased at Christ's coming Prayer was at the beginning Christ prescribed a Prayer The institution of the Sacrament Alexander decreed that the Sacrament should be consecrated of sweet bread The old Rite of consecrating S. Hierome did devide the Epistles and Gospels Washing of the hands Blessing with Chalices Ceremonies Masse must be said in places consecrated Corner-Masses be forbidden Daily Communion Vncharitable persons were interdicted from service Keeping the Sacrament ment in Churches We be reconciled by Christ. Repentance a remedy of sin Desperation is forbidden Innocentius did ordain Confession to the Priest Apuleius de a simo an reo libro 11. Pelagius charged Priests to say Mattins daily Singing of Psalms by course Our common singers rebuked Uses in the service Flesh was not eaten before Noah Example of Fasting Telesphorus did appoint it before Easter Superstition turned into Religion Egyptians Rite in Watches Night Sacrifices are abolished Diagundas Dayes were turned into Feries Easter is appointed on the Sunday White meats is forbidded on Fasting dayes Sabbath-dayes of the Jews Holy-dayes Works due for the holy dayes Easter is instituted by the Apostles Eastet is to be kept in March S. John kept the Jewes Easter Easter Feasts instituted by the Apostles Feasts instituted at the Council of Lions Reconciliation of Churches The Pope must hallow Saints Ten Months was the common time of Wedding Expiation of hasty Marriages French Queens in their Widdow-hood wear white cloathing Mourning is superstition and Hypoorisy Marriage vows renewâ—d Buriall is an end of all things Chalices of Wood. Chalices of Glasse Ringing to Service Tolling the Ave-Bell Vows came of the Hebrews Abagarus Philip Emperour is proclaimed an Heretick Luke 11. Christ alloweth Tythes First-fruits were offered of divers Countries Possessions are permitted to the Clergy Beginning of Religion Paul the Hermite Religion hath grown to superstition Bennet builded an Abbey at Cassinum Three Vows Basilius ordained Eusebius of Cremonenâ—es The Order of Cannons or Hermites Carmelites cloathing is changed Dominick is Canonized Francis is made a Saint Grave-keepers or Sepulchre-Knights Knights of the Rhodes Templer-Knights Dutch-Lords Knights of St James Knights of St Mary de Mercede Mountesians Apostolike brethren Rites of Ninevites An usage of the Egyptians Crafâ—s of the Eygptians The Egyptians excuse Goddess of Syria Libro 8. deasmo aureo Ceretanes play in Summer and beg in Winter Many Bishops of Rome suffered Martyrdome Pardons were profitable to the purse Jubilee sent into all Countries Titles of the Bishop of Rome Christs greeting The Hebrews saluting Bulls sealed with Lead Carolus Magnus sealed first with Gold A general decree of Annates Simon profered mony for to have power to give the Holy Ghost Simon was made a god Simon â—did fly in the Ayre Simon brake his Leg. John did write his Gospel against Hebion Schisms of later times Matthias elected by a Council Council of Nicea Council at Constantinople Council at Ephesus Council at Chalcedon Council at Bizance Christ was a witnesse of the truth Stephen disputed with all the Learned men of Jâ—wry Stephen is stoned to death Stephen first open defender of our faith Nero first persecutor of of all the Heathen Princes Half Rome was burned by Nero. Persecution done by the Emperour Dioclesian made the greatest Persecution Constantinus first defended the Christian Faith Stephen was the first Martyr The several materials of Buttons Short Coats Cloaks Bezoar It s power Alchymy Latten â— A Saphyre made white Tin like Silver Aqua-fort is Cupella Whether Alchymy be lawful or not
of hallowing of them and their Vestures is declared at large in the book of Exodus As for Noah which made the first Altar Melchisedech Abraham Isaac and Jacob did make their offering rather of a natural devotion then any Priestly authority After that the Levites whom we use to call Deacons were created by Moses to minister and serve Aaron in all the Sacrifices to bear the Ark and Tabernacle the holy Vessels and pitch the Camp and were discharged of all teâ—â—rene affairs Next them were chosen the Ministers which did make ready the sacrifice as Calves Oxen Sheep with such other things at the commandement of the Levites these we may call Sub-Deacons Certain other were elected to light the Tapers and Lamps named Accolites The Sextons or Porters were appointed to keep out all prophane and unclean people And Readers to preach and read the Law and Prophets on their Sabbath dayes There were moreover Chaunters and Singers to sing the Pâ—alms in the Temple whom David and Asaph did institute Conjurers were ordained by Solomon to drive evil spirits our of men All these Offices went by Succession neither was one promoted from one to another Thus was the Levitical Priesthood appointed which was but a sign and shadow of things to come that is Christ in whom resteth the perfection and compleat fulfilling of the Law CHAP. IV. Of our Priesthood how it is double What laying on of hands meaneth CHRIST JESUS our Saviour vhich was King and Priest after the order of Melehisedech in the New Testament hath instituted among us a Priesthood to offer and do the functions of the new Law and it is of two kinds or sorts The one is a spiritual Priesthood to offer spiritual sacrifices In this kind Christ offered and gave up himself a consummate oblation for the sins of the whole world as Peter saith Christ died once for our sins he being righteous for us unrighteous that he might give us up to God mortified as touching the flesh but living in the spirit Of this Priesthood be all Christian men which after the example of Christ must offer our prayers thanksgiving and our bodies mottified we be all of the degree of this Kingly Priesthood as Peter and also John in the Apocalyps do bear witnesse The second Priesthood is a Ministery that Christ did ordain following the order of the Law that we might have our teachers to instruct us in the Gospel as the Jews had their Schoolmasters in the Law He did elect twelve Bishops whom he called by a new name Apostles because they were appointed to be Embassadours into all parts of the World with the mighty word of his power to carry the glad Tydings of his Gospel He assigned also 70 Disciples to whom he gave the charge and office of Preaching and teaching which in stead of Aarons Sons should be among us inferiour Priests and Seniours of Congregations and these began the order of our Priests as our Bishops had their original of the Apostles As the Apostles and 70 Disciples which were Ministers and disposers of the Mysteries of God had no other manner of consecrating but onely the vocation and election of Christ into the Office and so was Matthias chosen in the Acts into the room of Judas So were the seaven Deacons chosen to Minister to the poor people of the Congregation And Titus did choose in every Town and City of Creet Priests by the laying on of hands which was a manner of admission without any further Ceremonies whereby Authority was given them over the Congregation and boldnesse to execute earnestly his office with the assistance of the Holy Ghost And therefore in the beginning of the Church when a Bishop was consecrated there was used no other Rites or Ceremonies but onely the people to whom the Election of the Bishop belonged should pray and after the Seniours or Priests by laying on their hands admitted him to that degree Of these Peter was called chief and first because both of his ancientâ—y and also forasmuch as he was the first Elected A Bishops room is not so much an honour as it is an heavy burden not so much a laud as a load For his duty is not onely to wear a Mitre and Crosier but also to watch over the flock of the Lord vigilantly to teach with the Word diligently with example honestly and in all things to go before them uprightly and lead them in the way of Truth that they may follow the pattern of his godly living and there as it were in a Mirrour behold how they ought to reform and conform their lives And this office of the Bishoprick and Deacons was instituted by the Scripture onely for Priests in the Primative Church and Bishops were all one But the Bishops of Rome following the shadows of the old abrogate law of the Hebrews have ordained a swarm of divers other orders as Potters or Sextons Readers Exorcists Accolites Sub-deacons Deacons Priests Bishops Archbishops as a certain degree one above another whereby they should ascend to the highest dignity Caius Bishop of Rome did begin the Orders first yet some say Iginius did ordain those degrees long before Caius his time And I grant well that Iginius might be the first deviser of them and afterward Caius accomplished the work and brought it to a finall consummation The office of a Priest as Christ ordained it was to teach Baptize and Minister the Sacrament of the Altar and thanksgiving bind and loofe and judge of Doctrines Therefore let them take heed that admit such to be Priests as cannot perform the duty of that ministery For many suppose if they can mumble up a pair of Matins and say Masse they be perfect Priests CHAP. V. The manner of shaving Priests Crowns who may not be Priest what age he must be of THe common and general badge of all Priests is the shaven Crown whereby the Clergy is dissevered from the Laity and be put in remembrance by it how they ought altogether to relinquish and despise all carnal pleasure and worldly treasure and ensue after heavenly things which be eternal This as Beda writeth grew into a custome and was decreed by a constitution to the intent that the thing which was before opprobrious might grow to honour and comelinesse For Peter when he preached at Antioch was scorned and mocked because of his bald head or shaven Crown and it was a contumelious thing both among the Romans and Lombards to be shaven I think the original cause of it did proceed of the Ceremonies of the Nazarens which when they had lived long time as Josephus telleth very devoutly they shaved their heads and sacrificed the hair in the fire to God whereby they signified that they did dedicate themselves wholly to live in Godly perfection Samuel was a Nazaren and Sampson also I suppose that this Rite of the Nazarens came out of Aegypt
the Grecians who found it first In this kind of writing Aristophanes Eupolis and Cratinus bare the price of the Romans Livius Andronicus found it first In a Tragedy noble personages as Lords Dukes Kings and Emperours be brought in with an high style In a Comedy amorous dalliance matters of love and deflouring of maidens be conteined Heavinesse is appropried unto a Tragedy and therefore when King Archelaus desired Euripides to write a Tragedy of him he denyed it wishing that never such thing should chance to him as should be worthy of of Tragedy for it hath ever a miserable end and a Comedy hath a joyfull end A Satyre is a Poesy rebuking vices sharply not regarding any persons There be two kinds of Satyres the one which was both among the Greeks and Romans of antient time used for the diversity of Meters much like a Comedy saving that it is more wanton Demetrius of Tharsus and one Menippus a bondman whom Marcus Varro did counterfeit were writes in this kind The second manner of Satyres is very railing onely ordeined to rebuke vice and devised of the Romans upon this occasion When the Poets that wrote the old Comedies used to handle for their arguments not onely feigned matters but also things done indeed which although at the first it was tollerable yet afterwards it fortuned by reason that they inveighed so liberally and largely at their pleasure against every man that there was a law made that no man should from thenceforth reprehend any man by name Then the Romans in the place of those Comedies substituted such Satyres as they had newly imagined Then also began the new Comedy which concerneth generally all men of mean estate and hath lesse bitternesse and railing but more pleasantnesse and pastime for the auditors Of this Menander and Philemon were Authors which asswaged all the crabbednesse of the old writings Of them Cicilius Nevius Plautus and Terentius learned to compile Comedies although as Quintilian saith they never attained to the least proportion of their Patrons because the Latine Tongue is not so fit to receive the ornaments of Eloquence as the Greek Tongue is The Satyres had the name of Barbarian gods that were rude lascivious and wanton of behaviour In this form of writing Lucilius Horacius Persius Juvenal obtained great fame and praise CHAP. X. The Devisers of Histories Prose and Rhetorick HIstories of all other Writings be most commendable because it informeth all sorts of people with notable examples of living and doth excite Noble-men to insue such activity in enterprises as they read to have been done by their Ancestors and also discourageth and dehorteth wicked persons from attempting of any hainous deeds or crime knowing that such acts shall be registred in perpetual memory to the praise or reproach of the doers according to the desert of their endeavours Pliny writeth That Cadmus Milesius first wrote Histories among the Grecians which contained the actions of Cyrus King of Persia Albeit Josephus supposeth it to be made probable that Histories were begun by the old Writers of the Hebrews as in the time of Moses which wrote the lives of many of the eldest Hebrews and the creation of the World or else to the Priests of Egypt and Babylon For the Egyptians and Babylonians have been of longest continuane very diligent in setting forth things in writing insomuch that their Priests were appointed for that purpose of putting in writing such things as were worthy to be had in memory As concerning the first writers of Prose I cannot hold with Pliny which saith Pheresides a Syrian wrote first Prose in the time of King Cyrus For it is no doubt but he that wrote Histories wrote also Prose first and Pheresides was long after Moses which was 688 years before Joatham King of the Jews In whose time the Olympiads began and this Pheresides as Eusebius writeth was but in the first Olympiad Of the Grecians Xenophon Thucydides Herodotus Theopompus flourished most in writing Histories Of the Romans Titus Livius and Caius Crispius Salustius with divers other were had in high estimation Before that time they used Annals or Chronicles which contained onely the actions and facts of every day severally The first office of an Historiographer is to write no lye The second that he shall conceal no truth for favour displeasure or fear The perfection of an History resteth in matter and words The order of the matter requireth observance of times descriptions of places the manners and lives of men their behaviours purposes occasions deeds sayings casualties atchievings and finishing of things The renour of the words asketh a brief perspicuity and sincere truth with moderate and peaceable ornaments We may be sure that by and by after men were formed they received of God the use of speech wherein when they perceived some words to be profitable and some hurtfull in uttering of them they appointed and compiled an art of speech or communication called Rhetorick Which as Diodorus saith was invented by Mercury but Aristotle affirmeth that Empedocles was first author of the Oratorial Art In Rome this seat of eloquence was never forbidden but in processe as it was perceived to be profitable and honest was had in such estimation and so many partly for their defence partly for glory and ambition employed their studies in it with such endeavour that very many of the Commonalty were promoted into the degree of Senatours and atchieved much worship by it Corax and Thisias being Sicilians gave first precepts in writing of this Science And their Countryman Leontinus Gorgias succeeded them Demosthenes was principal among the Grecians among the Romans Tullius Cicero had no fellow Now as touching the effect and property of it there be in it as Cicero writeth five parts first to invent matter to speak then formally to order his devices next to polish it and furnish it with elegant terms and choyse words and to have it in perfect memory and last of all to utter it with a comely gesture in such sort that it delight for the convenient treat ablenesse thereof doth teach and plainly declare the thing and move affections of pitty and favour in the hearts of Judges or if the cause permit or time require to excite a chearfull laughing and abundant grave severity In terms of this faculty we have this difference we call him that defendeth matters and pleadeth causes an Oratour A Rhetoritian is he that teacheth or professeth to be a Schoolmaster in that Art A Declamator is he that is occupied in feigned causes either for his own exercise or to instruct others thereby CHAP. XI Who Invented Musick and what efficacy it is of in humane affairs MUsick by the testimony of ancient Poets is very antient for Orpheus and Linus both born of the linage of the gods were very excellent Musitians And because the one by the sweetnesse
that were under Evander as their Soveraign Lord and chief Captain Notwithstanding the very true Authour of Lawes was God which first planted in us the Law of Nature and when it was corrupted by Adam and his posterity he gave the written Law by Moses to reduce us again to our first state and true instinct of Nature which was before all other as Eusebius declareth CHAP. II. Who ordained the first governance of a Cominalty Tyranny with other Constitutions THe administration of a Common-weal is after three sorts as Plato divideth it Monarchy where one ruleth Aristocracy when the best men govern Democracy or popular state where the common people have a stroke in ruling the publike-weal Principality or a Kingdom was first begun by the Egyptians which could not long subsist without a King or Ruler there reigned first as Herodotus saith Menes and their manner was to choose him among the Priests of their Religion and if it fortuned that any stranger obtained the Realm by Conquest he was compelled to be consecrated Priest and so was the election legitimate when he was King and Priest The Diadem that was the token of the Honour-royall had its beginning by Liber Bacchus The Athenians first ordained the state of a Common-wealth that was governed by the whole Commons as Pliny thinketh albeit they had also Kings whereof Decrops Diphyes which reigned in Moses's time was the first For as Justine writeth Every City and Nation had at the beginning a King for their chief Governour which attained to that dignity by no ambition or favour but by a singular Wit and sober modestness and reigned with such loyalty that seemed onely in title a King in deed a Subject Ninius King of the Assyians contrary to the old â—ite and custome of an ambitious desire that he had to bear rule first arrogantly usurped the Emof all Asia except India As concerning the Institution of the Common-Wealth where the Commons do all things notwithstanding the mind of Pliny I suppose it began among the Hebrews which were ruled by a popular State many years before that Athens was built The form of Policy which is governed by the best as the Romans Common-wealth was I cannot well understand when it had its original unlesse I should assign it to the Thebans which in the time of Ninius ruled the Egyptians whose rule because the valiant and noble bare the authority was called a power or potency which was the 3185th year of the World Pliny writeth That after Theseus Phalaris was the first Tyrant whereby it appeareth that he thinketh Theseus was authour of tyranny but Nemroth of the linage of Noah not long after the floud used tyranny Bondage as Pliny supposeth began in Lacedemonia yet I find that it began among the Hebrews and had its original proceeding of Chanaan the son of Cham who because he had laughed his father Noah to scorn as he lay dissolutely when he was drunk was punished in his son Chanaan with penally of bondage and thraldome a thing to them very strange and to his posterity grievous The order of manumission in old time was in this manner The Lord or Master took took the bond-men by the head or some other part of his body saying I will this fellow be free and put him forth of his hands The Councel of the Areopagites which were called so of the Court of Mars were instituted by Selon to judge of life and death their custome was to use such Soveraignty and integrity in Judgment that they heard all causes and matters in the night and not in the day to the intent they should have no occasion to regard the parties but onely have their eye and respect earnestly to the thing that was brought before them Voyces which be used and occupied in Consultations Judgments and Elections were first ordained by Palamedes CHAP. III. The three manner of Regiments in Rome the beginning of Ornaments-Royall with other matters pertaining to a Common-wealth ROme which was the most renowned City of all the World both for the Valour of Arms and Civill Policy whereby it was governed had three forms of Regiment In the beginning it had Kings for Romulus which was builder thereof reigned there and after him six other under whom the Principality lasted 244 years after the City was builded Then Tarquinius being banished for the notable crime and rape of Lucretia committed by his son it was ordered by two Consuls Junius Brutus and L. Tarquinius Collatinus They had the name and title of Consuls of the consultation and provision which they made for the Common-wealth They ruled the Empire conducted Armies and by these Officers because they were annuall the years were counted Within 12 years after the expulsing of the Kings when 40 Cities of the Latines Octavius Manilius son in law to Tarquinius being their captain made insurrection and conspired against the Romans T. Largius was created Dictator or great Master which office was highest in authority and as Dionysius thinketh it was taken of the Greeks among whom Elyâ—netae had the same power that Dictators had in Rome Livius referreth the original of them to the Albanes And the Carthaginians had also their Dictators This Magistrate was never used saving in great dangers of the Common-wealth and it continued but six moneths during that Office all other Magistrates were abrogated except the Tribunate or Provostship of the Commons The Consul's duty was to name and proclaim him and that no time but in the night albeit what time the Veientes had won the Romans Camp A. Cornelius Cosus Marshal of the Army need so constraining denounced Mamercus Aemelius for Dictator contrary to that statute About 300 years after the building of Rome the publike State was transferred from the Consulship unto the Rule of Ten called Decem-viri which endured but three years for by reason of the outragious lust of Appius Claudius against the Maid Virginea they were deposed and Consuls were substituted to supply their room Then the 310th year of the City in the place of Consuls were chosen Marshals or Provosts of Armies whom they named Tribunes Aulus Sempronius Attacinus L. Attilius Longus and T. Colicius Sieulus The authority of the Commons became daily more seditious and confederacies increased In such sort that C. Cunuleius brought to passe that the Comminalty married with the Nobility and the Tribunes by their earnest instance and suit caused that the high Offices were permitted to them of the common sort At the 355th year of the building of the City P. Licinius Calvus was made Tribune of the Army The 389th year L. Sextus Lateranus attained the Consulship the 399 year C. Martins Lateranus was created Dictator From this manner of Governance it was by Sylla and Marius brought to one Ruler or Prince again Thus hath Rome had all
in France The division oâ— Davids Psalter into seven parts called Nocturns according to the seven dayes in the week was the Work of Hierome at the request of Damasus Bishop of Rome which also gave Commandement that it should be read alâ—o in the Churches and added Gloria Patri to the end of every Psalm Damasus also instituted that the Psalms should be sung and said by course Though some say Ignatius did devise that before his time which thing was learned of David or Asaph for in the old Synagogue they used to sing their Psalms after that sort but our singing 〈◊〉 far from their manner For our singers cry out so loud that we hear nothing saâ—e a noise and those that be present cannot be edified with the word It were great furtherance to Religion If those singers were either banished out of the Temples or else their singing were more moderated that the words might be understood to the edifying of the Laity which is sore blinded with singing and sound of Instruments that be not fit to edify but to delight the Ears This modest singing was used by the holy Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria through all his Province and Diocess as Austin witnesseth Damasus commanded that the common Creed should be said every hour Vitalianus invented the decent tunes wherein the Hymns be sung and joyned the Organs to them Legends of Saints were made the year of our Lord 800 by Paulus Diaconus and Isuardus a Monk at the desire of Charls the Great And for as much as the Persecutions were so great that in the time of Dioclesian the Emperour there died 17000 Christians within 30 dayes space they could not particularly write all their lives but made certain general Legends of Martyrs Confessours Virgins which we now call the Common and the Fathers commanded those to be read in the Church on â—uch sSaints dayes Afterward many thinking that they should be heard rather for their much babling sake devised sundry manners of praying and divers uses as Bennet's Monks had one use Bernard's another and Dominicks brethren had one order by themselves and every Provincial Bishop made a several Use in his Diocess and all were confirmed by the Bishops of Rome CHAP. III. The beginning of â—asting Alms Advent Lent Embring dayes FAsting and Alms-deeds be as St. Augustine saith the two wings of prayer wherewith it is made stronger and lighter to fly into the presence of God and be more accepâ—able in his sight Fasting hath been used from the beginning of the World when the Fruit of the Tree of knowing good and evil was forbidden to our first Parents in Paradise because by such abstinence they might obtain and enjoy everlasting felicity Alms in like manner sprung of the infirmity and neediness of the nature of men for as they felt hunger cold nakedness and such other calamiries as be in our mortal life they were constrained to desire ayd and succour of other men as of alms Albeit Moses was the first that ever prescribed any law of giving alms as appeareth in the book of Deuteronomy Charitable alms must be so freely given that we exempt none from the use and part-taking of it and as the Scripture saith without respect of persons As for Fasting of that original proceeded further for the use of Flesh and Wine from Adam till the time of Noah was unknown And Moses forbare meat fourty dayes and Elias did likewise Our Saviour Christ fasted the same space And God pardoned the Ninivites of their crimes because they fasted with repentance The Jews also in their law so oft as they either asked any benefit of God or would pacifie his wrath or render thanks for his benefits or kept any solemn Feasts used commonly to fast And certainly he keepeth not the true fast which forbeareth flesh or foregoeth his Supper but he that diminisheth his affections abateth his anger asswageth his Pride moderateth his desires mortifieth his lusts suffereth patiently all adversities that man is the true faster Albeit the other is a coadjutor to that thing and helpeth much that purpose Therefore to the intent we might reclaim such corruptions of our old Adam The Apostles did ordain the Fast of Lent as Hierome in an Epistle to Mercella doth plainly declare Wherefore they that refer it to Telesphorus be deceived for he did not institute it first but appointed that it should be kept before Easter And added another Week to it which we call Quinquagesima This week he commanded Priests to fast more then the Laity because that they which ought to be Holier then the rest should in this ordinary Fast shew more abstinence then other The Apostles also instituted that there should be a solemn Fast for three Weeks before the Nativity of our Lord named Christmas which constitution was a while kept universally but afterwards it was resigned to the Monks and Religious persons Calistus or as some think Vrbanus did begin the Embring dayes quarterly for the preservation and amplification of fruits ordained for the sustenance of men and beasts Albeit I rather take it to be an imitation of the old Roman feasts which thrice in the year had sacrifices for the prosperous successe of their Corn. One Vinalia for their Wines The other Robigalia for all their grain lest it should be mildewed The third Floralia for all their fruits These vain superstitions the old Bishops of Rome turned to a Godly use and transported their Feasting into Fasting that they might the rather at the contemplation of our Prayers and Fasting God might prosper the increase of all fruits to the sustentation of his Creatures CHAP. IV. ☞ Watches were turned into Fasts Fasting on Fridayes and Wednesdayes naming the dayes of the Week in sundry wise IT was the manner from the beginning of our Christian Faith that forasmuch as our Saviour was born in in the night Priests did rise in the night season and sung the hours Canonicall otherwise named the Mattins and the Lay people was accustomed on those Saints Eves that were any solemn Feasts to watch at the Tombs of Martyrs Praying and singing holy Psalms Which thing the Testimony of Pliny doth approve where he writeth in an Epistle to Trajane how much number of people was slain in whom he could never espy any fault saving that before day at certain times and Feasts they arose and sung the commendation of Christ whom they called God But as time is the corrupâ—er of all worldly things So devotion began to abate and instead of Hymns they sung dissolute ballads and prayer was turned into wanton dalliance The youth went about light amorous company the eldest persons practised baudry women were not ashamed to give themselves to be corrupted in all kind of whoredome Upon this occasion the old fathers fearing lest it should grow to a further inconvenience turned the Vigils into Fasting dayes Notwithstanding the Priests used their ordinary times of Service as they were wont to do
custome is to keep the 30th day or moneth-end with like Obites as were done on the burial dayes Or else it might seem that this keeping of the seventh day was brought up after the same sort among us as in marriages they used in old time to renew their voâ—s the 7th day For like as that day was the solemn beginning of encreasing the issue of mankind so the same day of burial is or should be the compleat finishing and end of every thing The Massilians in France passed and spent the dayes of their burials with private oblations and feasting of their kinsfolk without any manner of lamentation or sorrow which thing the English-men at this day use commonly to do In burials the old rite was that the dead corpse was born before and the people followed after as one should say We shall dye and follow after him as their last words to the Coarse did pretend For they used to say when it was buried on this wise Farewell we come after thee and of the following of the multitude they were called Exsequies Albeit they used at Kings and Noblemens Funerals to go before with Tapers which custome we keep still Chalices wherein the blood of Christ is consecrated were at the first of wood and that was the institution of the Apostles which would prevent all occasion of avarice in Priests but Zepherinus afterward commanded that they should consecrate in a vessel of glass Notwithstanding in process that custome was broken And Gratianus decreed that they should say Masse and consecrate with Chalices of silver or gold or else if those might not be gotten in Chalices of Tinne albeit some refer this to Vrban the First Sextus the First commanded that corporaces should be of Linnen cloath onely aud that of the finest and purest and he forbade that any Lay-man should handle the hallowed vessels and namely women were inhibited The hallowing of Priests vestures and altar cloaths with other ornaments of the Church and the diversity of vestures of sundry orders was taken out of the Hebrews Priesthood and used in our Church first by Stephen Bishop of Rome first of that name For at the beginning Priests in their Massing used rather inward vertues of soul then outward apparrel of the body which is â—ather a glorious shew then any godly edifying Sabinianus decreed first that the people should be assembled together to hear service at certain hours of the day by ringing of bells And John the 22 ordained That bells should be tolled every day three times in the evening and that then every man should say three times the Ave-Maria The use of Bells came first of the Hebrews where the high Priest or Bishop had in the skirts of his uppermost vestures little bells to ring when he was in the holy place within the vail And even the Vail Hangings Candlesticks with other Vessels that we use in the Church came also of their Ceremonies The banners that be hanged abroad in Easter time are used to declare the triumph of Christ over death the devill and hell and were taken of the Heathen which in their Victories did bear banners to declare and signifie the conquest of their enemies CHAP. IX Of Vowes going bare-foot Letanies praying for them that sneese crossing the mouth when men yawn WHen we be brought into any extream calamity or dangerous adventure that can by no mans power or provision be relieved the urgent necessity constraining us we fall to prayers and vows-making as when we promise to set up Candles Images of wax or silver with other like supposing thereby to obtain remedy of our grief This custome was borrowed of the Hebrews which used to make such vowes to God and divers other Countries of the Gentiles used that rite to their false gods In like manner going bare-foot was taken up of the Jews fashion which in their sickness and other misfortunes were wont to pray continually 30 dayes forbear wine shave their hair and after go bare-foot to the Temple and make oblation This manner of Vow was so earnestly used in the time of the Emperour Nero when Florus was President of Jewry that Bernice sister to King Agrippa went her self bare-foot to the Temple of Hierusalem to obtain some gentlenesse for her Countreymen at Florus his hands but all in vain for his avarice was so unsatiable that no lowliness could pacifie it Even so we in any of our afflictions sickness or other heaviness make vowes to God and his Sâ—ints and perform them going to the place bare-foot in like manner as the Jews did Supplications were ordained in a great Earthquake by Mamercus Bishop of Vienna in the time of Leo the First These be called of the Greek word Letanies and are commonly named Processions because the people proceed forth along in array two and two together and go from place to place praying loud They be called the less Letanies And Agapetus as it is reported first apoointed them to be sung every Sunday in or about the Church although it seems by Tertullian's words that they have been used from the beginning of the Church and therefore it may be supposed that Mamereus did onely renew the custome Afterward Gregory ordained the great Letanies called septiformis Letania the same time that much people in Rome perished through a great Plague of swelling of the privy members which came of a corrupâ— ayr that was poysoâ—ed with Adders and Snakes that were cast out of Tyber at a marvellous high Tide There was another Plague whereby many as they sneesed dyed suâ—denly whereof it grew a custome that they that were present when any man sneesed should say God help you A like deadly Plague was sometime in yawning wherefore men used to fence themselves with the sign of the Cross both which customes we retain still at this day In all other extern affairs that we go about we use to sign our selves with the token of the Crosse And this hath been the usage from the begining of the Church CHAP. X. Of Images Tythes and who permitted the Clergy to have possessions AT the first there was no Imagery nor Pictures in the Churches but all occasions of Idolatry were withdrawn according to the commandment of the old Law Notwithstanding it crept in among Christians by little and little and men made Images of Christ on the Crosse after the example of Moses which set up brazen Serpent and Abagarus Duke of Edissenians a Nation beyond the River Euphrates sent a Painter to draw the Image of our Saviour Jesus but for as much as he could not behold the brightness of his face Christ laid a napkin on his face wherein he by his divine power printed the resemblance of his visage and sent it by the Painter to the Duke A little napkin was given by him as it is said to a woman that had the bloody flux whose name new Writers say was Veronica and Luke the Evangelist had the Image
manners and rules of living confirmed with three vows that is chastity willfull poverty and obedience because they should all together mortify their own will and lusts These three forenamed Vows Basilius Bishop of Caesaria did first institute and publish in the year of our Lord 383. And also assign the year of probation or Trial that Religious persons had before they were professed The Order of Cluniacenses were ordained by one Odon an Abbot at Masticense a Village of Burgundy And William Duke of Aquitane gave them an House the year of our Lord 916. in the time of Sergius the third Not long after the Religion of Camaldimenses was begun by Romoaldus of Ravenna in the Mount Apenninus the year of our Lord 850. They kept perpetual silence every Wednesday and Friday they Fast they eat bread and water they go barefoot and lye on the ground In a part of the same Mountain called Vallis Umbrosa or the shadowed Valley in the year of Christs incarnation 1040. under Gregory the sixth John Gualbert began a new sect of Monks and named them of the place where the Abbey stood the Shadowed-Valley Order The Monks of Olivet sprung up as a fruit of disorder the same year that the variance was among the three Bishops and were instituted by Barnardus Ptolomous the year of Christ 1407. under Gregory the 12th The Faction of Grandimoniensers began by Steven of Avern in Aquitane or Guyen the year of our Lord 1076 under Alexander the second and had their Title of the Mountain where their Abbey stood A little after the same time Robert Abbot of Molisme in Cistersium a Forrest in Burgundy did institute the order of Cistercians albeit some ascribe this to one Ordingus a Monk that perswaded Robert to the same about the year of our Lord 1098. under Urbane the second Of this Religion was that great Clerk St. Bernard Almost an hundred years after this in the year of our Lord 1166. The order of Humiliates was devised by certain persons exiled by Fredericus Barbarussa which when they were restored to their Countrey apparelled themselves in white and lived by a kind of Vow in Prayers Penury and working wool and were admitted by Innocentius the third and other his successours Celestines were founded by Celestinus the fifth of that name Bishop of Rome in the year of our Lord 1198. In England Saint Gilbert at Tirington and Sempringham began an order called after him Gilbertines in the time of Engenius the fourth the year of Christs Incarnation 1148. The Justinians were invented by Lewis Barbus a Reâ—igious man of Venice in the Abbey of Saint Justine at Padua the year of our Salvation 1412 in the dayes of John the 24th There were also Orders of Nuns devised after the same Rules of Superstition as the other be CHAP. III. Of the Hieronymians Canons Charterhouse-Monks White-Fryers Crouch-Friers with others HIeronymians had their beginning of Saint Hierome which leaving his Native Country went into Jewry and there not far from Bethlehem builded him an house where he lived very devoutely the latter end of his life in the time of Innocentius the seventh the year of our Lord 1405. After his example other counterfeited a resemblance of perfection naming themselves Hieronymians wearing their clothes of white and a cope plaited above over their Coat girt with a lether girdle There were also certain Hermites called Hieronymians of the Foundation of one Charls Granel of Florence which made himself an Hermite of the same Religion in the Mountains of Fessulus Others there be that say one Redo Earl of Mount Granel did institute them in Fessulus in the time of Gregory the twelfth Yet there be some that say that the original of this brother-hood was instituted of Hierome in a Desart and that Eusebius of Cremona with other devout and holy men which kept conversation with him did enlarge and augment the family of that professión As concerning the Channons Reguler there be two opinions for some say that Augustine by and by after he was created Bishop brought his Channons in this rule and form of living wherein they have been so long trained and nusled up other some brag and make their vaunt that it was devised of the Apostles and of this opinion was Thomas Aquinas But Augustine was doubtlesse either the inventour of the Sect or renewer of it and therefore may be justly taken for an Author of that Faction and so was he likewise of Augustine Hermites The Channons cloathing was a white Coat and a linnen rochet under a black cope with a Scapular to cover their head and shoulders The Hermites have a contrary vesture a black coat with a scapular and another coat of white and a Lether Girdle Of these there were divers other orders As the order of St. Saviour of the Scopettines which were ordained by Steven and James two men of Scenes in the time of Urbane the fifth the year of Christ 1370. And Gregory the 11th by his consent confirmed them in their Hypocrisy The Frisonaries is another Order which began among the Hetrurians in the County of Luces that be otherwise called Lateranenses by the device of James Brixian in the time of John the 24th the year of Christ 1412 and they were amplified and increased by Eugenius the 4th The third Order is titled the brethren of St Gregory de Alga This was ordained at Venice by Laurence Justinian in the time of Innocentius the seventh in the year of our Lord 1407. with divers other Orders which forasmuch as they rose suddenly I will omit Bruno of Collen that sometime read the Philosophy Lecture at Paris did institute the Charterhouse Monks in the Diocesse of Gracionopolis at a place named Carthusia in the year of our Lord one thousand and eighty under Gregory the seventh Their life was outwardly full of painted holinesse in forbearing Flesh Fasting bread and water every Friday full of solitarinesse much silence ever pinned in and women were banished out of the house with other semblable Ceremonies The Carmelites or white Friers were as some say begun in Mount Carmelus after the example of Elias the Prophet which lived there long solitary that they were first assembled together by Almericus Bishop of Antioch the year of our Lord one thousand one hundred and seventy in the time of Alexander the third and they were also called our Lady Friers of a Chappel of our Lady that was in the Hill Carmelus Neverthelesse about four hundred years after in the time of Innocentius the third they were reformed by Albertus Bishop of Hierusalem according to the rule of Basilius and the colour of their coat was turned into white by Honorius the third where before it was Russet The other of Premonstratenses was instituted in the Diocesse of Laudune by Northbergus a Priest and the Precepts of that covent were gathered out of St Augustines rules and admitted for good by Calixtus the second in the year of our Lord 1120.
The Crouch or Crosse Friers began about the year of our Lord 1215. by the device of Syracus Bishop of Jerusalem which shewed Helen mother of Constantine where the Crosse lay hid and in memorial of the Cross he caused this brotherhood and Colledge of Friers to bear the Cross and yet they never knew what the Cross weighed in their bodies or in their hearts and forasmuch as they were sore wasted Innocentius the third renewed the Religion CHAP. IV. Black and Grey-Fryers the Trinity-orderâ— Brigidians Jesuits new Hermites and Bonhomes ABout the time of Innocentius the third arose two famous founders of two superstitious Sects I mean Dominick the Spaniard and Francis the Italian of the Country of Vmbria Dominick at the first was a Canon but because he could not suffer to have a superiour and was also weary of the Cloyster he invented a new fraternity named Dominicans Black-Fryers or Fryers-Preachers because they had the charge to preach the Gospel without mixture of any Pharisaical leven The new guise of their Vesture made innocent Innocentius to wonder But Honorius the third by his Bull honourably admitted them the year of our Lord 1220 and Gregory the 9th put the matter all out of doubt canonized Dominick and by his Bull under Lead allowed him for a Saint Frances that was first of the Friers Augustines thinking that sect not to be sufficiently furnished with Hypocrisie began a new trade of living in the Mount Appenninus in a place named commonly Laverna doubtless a ground worthy for such a foundation as was beside the Word of God it was set up in the time of Honorius aforesaid They were named Minoribes of the humility and lowliness of heart that they should have but that was smally regarded and farthest from their study Two years after the year of our Lord God 1229 Francis was sanctified by Gregory and made a Saint Francisoans afterward fell at contention for the rules of their profession They that failed somewhat of the unperfect perfection of them retained the name of Minorites still the other entituled themselves Observants more worthy to be called Obstinate The latter fellows were brought inâ—o England by King Edward the 4th and were greatly inhanced by the famous Prince King Henry the 7th At the same time was Clara the Virgin Countrey-woman to Saint Francis which was a great Foundress of Nuns of the same Rule that Francis gave his Covent of them sprung the bastard Penitencers in the dayes of John the 22 and the year of our Lord 1315. The Order of the Trinity under Innocentius was begun by John Matta and Felix Anachorita in France in the County of Meldine Then also was founded or else not long after in the time of Martin the fourth the Religion of Virgins or Servants by one Philip of Florencia a Physitian and Benedict the 11th confirmed it in the year of our Lord 385. The Order of Brigidians was instituted by Brigidia a Widow that was Princess of Sueta under Vrban the 5th in the year of our Lord 1370 it was as well of men as women albeit they dwelt severally by themselves The Family of Jesuits was the Invention of Johannes Columbinus in the City of Senes in the time of the same Urban the year of our Lord 1368 they were no Priests nor consecrated persons but were men of the lay sort given and addicted to prayer and had the name of Jesuits because that name of Jesus should be often in their mouth they be much like to our Beads-men in England The Sect of new Hermites began in Urbin a City in Italy in the Countrey of Umbria where Polidore Virgil was born and was the device of one Petrus an Hetrurian and they had in the same City a goodly Hospitall or Guild-Hall The Bonhomes were instituted in England by Edmund son of Richard Earl of Cornwall which was brother to Henry the third and was elected King of the Romans and heir apparent to the Empire by the principal Electors about the year of our Lord 1257. The speciall head place of that Religion was Astrige where the noble King Henry the eighth hath now a goodly Palace This Edmund brought the bloud of our Saviour as it was said into the Realm CHAP. V. The original of sacred Knights and white sect WHilest the City of Jerusalem before our Christian men had conquered it in the year of our Lord 1099 was in subjection to the Saracens the Latine Christians that lived there tributaries purchased a licence to build near unto the Holy Sepulchre dwelling houses and among other they made an Hospital of our Lady to receive the strange Pilgrims and appointed a Provost to entertain them This was in Silvester the first his time the year of our Lord three hundred twenty and four and renewed the year of Christ one thousand three hundred ninety and seven in the time of Celestine the third Bishop of Rome After the pattern of this house was devised a like house of Virgins in memorial of Mary Magdalen to receive the Women that resorted thither It began in the 2d Vrbanes dayes the year of our Lord 1099. Notwithstanding because the multitude of Latine Pilgrimes waxed very great they builded three Hospitals of Saint John Baptist as some say Albeit some think it was of John Eleemosinarius that was the Patriarch of Alexandria in the reign of the Emperour Phocas This Sect one Gerardus adorned with a white Cross in a black vesture grand Captain of these Knights was Ramundus when Clement the fifth had the See of Rome about the year of our Lord 1310 yet some affirm that the beginning of them was in the 3d Alexanders dayes the year of Christ one thousand one hundred seventy and nine and they be called of the order of Saint John or Knights of the Rhodes because they won the Rhodes from the Turks which afterwards they lost again in January in the year of our Salvation one thousand five hundred twenty three albeit they did long defend it manfully The Temples order was begun in Gelasius the second his dayes in the year of Christs Incarnation one thousand one hundred twenty and eight by Hugo Paganus and Gaufridus de sancto Alexandro they were named Templers because they kept in a part of the buildings near to the Temple they kept Bernardus rule in their living But Clement the fifth deposed them partly for that they renounced the Faith and conspired with the Turks and partly for other notable crimes The order of Teutonicks or Dutch Lords began in Jerusalem by a Dutch man whose name is not known Their office was to fight against the enemies of Christs Cross it began in the dayes of Clement the third the year of Christs incarnation 1190. Petrus Ferdinandus a Spaniard began the order of Saint James Knights that lived after St Austins rule under Alexander the third and in the year of our Lord one thousand one hundred and sixty in the same
Bishops dayes Sanctius a King ordained the Faction of Calatranean Knights which professed the rule of the Cistercienses Of the same profession be they of the Order of Jesus Christs Knights which were instituted by John the 22th Bishop of that name in Portugall to resist the Saracens Alexandrians brotherhood of Knights in the Realm of Castile that began in Gregory the ninths time about the year of our Salvation 1240 but who was Author of them is uncertain James King of Arragon did found two sects of Knights one named of S. Mary de Mercede the office of those was to ransome such as were taken Prisoners in wars by the Turks the other Sect is called Montastan Knights and they wear a Red Cross Both these Orders Gregory the 11th did allow in the year of our Lord 1000. The Order of Minimes or least-brethren were founded by one Franciscus Poula a Sicilian after the example of Frauncis his Minorites The Apostolike brethren began in the year of our Lord 1260. by the institution of Gerardus Sagarelus in the Town named Perma in Lombardy in the time of Alexander the fourth The white sect sprung up in the Alps and descended into Italy having a Priest for their Captain But Bonifacius perceiving they should do no good to his honourable estate if they continued caused their Captain to be beheaded at Viterbium as attainted of some Heresy the year of our Lord 1400. They were a great number and did no other thing but lament the state of Mankind and bewail the sins of the people There was of this fashion both men and Women and were called the white sect because they ware white cloathing CHAP. VI. The Ninivites Assyrians Antonians and Ceremonies NO lesse superstition is in the fraternity of the Ninivites although they avant themselves to have received theâ—â— manner of living from the Apostles for the end of their doings is to work their own Salvation by deeds satisfactory to God where in deed they derogate the effect and power of Christs bloud The Rites be specified with outward holiness as often assembling to prayer hyring of Chauntry priests supporting poverty and be cloathed in sackcloath and scourge one another with whips Of this painted pennance they call themselves Ninevites as though they appeased Gods wrath in the same wise as they of Nineveh did where in deed they had hearty contrition for their offences these have but pretensed holiness and penitence They began under Clement the third the year of our Lord one thousand 285. The manner of their whipping came of the Romane sacrifices and Lupercalia whereof I spake before for they used the same custome of a superstitious opinion or if a man would be curious in bolting out of the original of their beating it may appear to have proceeded of an observance of the Egyptians For the usage was there that whilest they offered a Cow with many Ceremonies to their great Idol as Herodotus witnesseth during the burning thereof they should beat one another miserably with wands or rods The title of their fraternity came of the Romans which had divers fellowships as Sodales Titii and Fratres Arvales that sacrificed to Ceres goddess of Corn. Another sort there is not onely idle but also theevish and they be called Assyrians the same that we name commonly Egyptians These as all men have heard and many have by experience proved be so light fingered that they will find two things before they lose one The men by such pilfery theft and plain stealing and Women by Palmestry blessings with like other sorcery and witchcraft furnished with lyes seduce and deceive a great number of simple people in every Countrey and Region And because they should have more liberty to speed their purposes they say It is their vow and penance is given them to go in continual pilgrimage The occasion that these vagabonds stray thus abroad came of an old Idol that they worshipped in their Paganism named the Goddess of Syria wherewith they used to gad from place to place to beg money wine milk cheese corn and other stuff as Apuleius writeth The same people now they be christened play their parts in like manner with sundry subtilties and what they get by lying picking stealing bribing they make money of and so return home laughing to scorn all those simple persons that they have thus deceived Seeing all other superstitions be abolished and rooted up it is pity that this should take still effect and be unpunished The Antonians were a counterfâ—iâ— of Anthony's perfection but they differ as much from his holiness as white fâ—om black they have a T. on their breast that meaneth Tolle teaching them to take what they can get be it Cow Ox Calf or Pigg for they offer Swine to him as they did sacrifice sheep to Bell in Babylon they were instituted in the year of Christ 324. The Ceretanes began in Ceretum a City of Vmbria and they ever used to go a begging at the latter end of Harvest when the Barns were stuff'd with corn and so like drones devour that which other have gotten with the sweat of their browes Of these valiant beggers there be in every place a great many but I cannot tell what time they were instituted and how soon they be put down it skilleth not CHAP. VII The originall of Mahomet's Sect. OF all these superstitious Sects before rehearsed there is not one so diabolical as the Sect of Mahometans as well for the filthiness of all unlawfull lusts as other outragious naughtinesse that they occupied daily to the great endamaging of Christendome and encrease of their own infidelity Of this unreverent religion Mahomet a Noble-man born in Arabia or as some report in Persia was authour his father was an Heathen Idolater and his Mother an Ismaelite wherefore she had more perceivance of the Hebrewes law This wicked plant brought up and fostered under his Parents and instructed like a mungrell in either of their lawes became expert and of a ready wit And after the death of his father and mother he was in houshold with one Abdemonaples an Ismaelite which put him in trust with his merchandise and other affairs and after his decease he married his Mistress a Widow There he fell in acquaintance with the Monk Sergius an heretick of Nestorius's sect that fled from Byzance into Arabia and by his counsell and advice this Mahomet about the year of our Lord five hundred and twenty and the twelfth year of the reign of the Emperour Heraclius began in Arabia to found a new sect and by seditious Sermons seduced much and many Countries He conquered by help of the Arabians divers Lands and subdued them as Tributaries and compelled them to live after the tradition of his laws that he gathered out of the New and Old Testaments and divers heresies of Nicolaites Manichees and Sabellians He dyed the 40th year of his age and his body was carried
Cypres 152 Maids of Rome and Greece 19 Maying 193 Marjoram 59 Malcolm King of Scots 17 Manner of divers Nations in Marriages 15 Manner of reckoning years 53 Mantil 130 Manumission 71 Marble 133 March 77 Marcus Cato banished Physitians out of Rome 56 Marcus Valerius ordained a Diall in Rome 82 Mary the Virgin dyed 160 Marriage began in Paradise 15 Marriage of divers Nations ibid. Marriage of Priests 198 Marius 75 Mars author of Chivalry 88 Martyrs 294 Masques 153 194 Messagetes 15 Masse the parts thereof 214 Masts 151 Matches 109 Mattins Prime and Hours 221 Measures and Weights 53 Meats forbidden on Fasting-dayes 231 Melissus 21 Melting brass 108 Memory of Martyrs 237 Menander 35 Men deified 2 237 Men lived by Acorns 123 Men of great memory 87 Men were first called Christians in Antioch 159 Men were sacrificed by the Gentiles 204 Men wrote in plates 86 Menon 23 Mercury 38 48 68 Mercury found the Concordes 41 Mercury found the Harp 43 Mercurius Trismegistus appointed 12 hours in the day 81 Mettals 107 Meter divers kinds thereof 31 Mice engender of the mudd 10 Milk 128 Minister 166 Minos 68 Minos had the first rule on the Sea 149 Myrrhe 114 Moly 58 Monarchy 69 Moneths 79 Money 110 Monks 257 Morispikes 89 Moses 24 29 103 Moses did promulgate the first Laws 68 Moses did write the first story 36 Moses found the trump 45 Moses ordained divorcements 18 Motleys 130 Moulds 121 Mourning 239 Mourning is superstitious Hypocrisie 241 Mummius destroyed Corinth 120 Murall crown 104 Musick 40 Musick maketh a man effeminate 42 N. NAbles 44 Naked games 94 Nasamones 17 Nature gave Musick to men 40 Nature of Oyl 196 Navall Crown 104 Necromancie 62 Nemi 94 Neptunus 2 Neptunus had the Empire of the Sea 149 Nero first persecutor 296 Netts 129 New-Years gifts 193 Night sacrifices are abolished 229 Nilus doth overflow Egypt 51 Niâ—us did enlarge his Empire 70 Noah made the first Altar 165 Noah planter of the Vine 125 Noon 82 Nonas 80 Notaries 175 Numa added to the year 78 Numbers 53 Nunnes 182 259 O. OBelisci 141 Observing of dayes 48 Observing of dyet was beginning of Physick 54 Obsidional Crown 104 Occasion of Idolatry 20 Ochus 46 Odde and even 96 Offering 191 Office sold in Rome 176 Oyl 196 Oyntments 105 Olympiades 93 Olive-Oyl 126 One God 6 Opinion of Philosophers 3 Opinion of the birth of of man 9 Oracle 115 Oracles doubtfull 2 Oracles ceased at Christ's coming 206 Orator 39 Order of Cardinals 175 Order of Manumission 71 Oresteus 124 Organie 59 Orpheus 22 30 40 46. Original of Heathen Gods 1 Otho a German made Emperour 178 P. PAinting 118 Palamedes array 89 Pallas 3 Pamphilia 130 Panase 58 Pancias 103 Paper 86 Parchment ibid. Pardons 282 Parishes 173 Parts of Rhetorick 39 Parts of the night 83 Partâ—ians 57 Paschal Candles 234 Patriarchs 179 Paul is converted 160 Peacock 128 Pelagius caused Subdeacons to forsake their Wives 200 Penitencers 266 Pensil 119 Pentecost 235 Persecutors 297 Peter and Philip had Wives 199 Peter crucified 160 Peter converted three thousand 159 Phedon 110 Pherecides 37 Phidias 118 Philip Emperour proclaimed an heretick 249 Philosophy 46 Philosophy in three parts 47 Pyrrhus dance 94 Physitians famous 57 Physick 54 Phonoreus 68 Pillars 133 Pirodes struck fire out of flint 109 Piromancy 62 Pisistratus made the first book 84 Pythagoras called himself a Philosopher 47 Pythagoras observed the Day-star 50 Pits who digged them 136 Playes or Shews 92 Plato 8 Pliny 23 Plough 123 Plucking out of Teeth 55 Poets 112 Poets be called holy of Aeneas 29 Poetry ibid. Pole-axes 89 Polignotus 118 Punishment for Adultery 16 153 Punishment for omitting Oblations 204 Pontifex Maximus 187 Possessions permitted to the Clergy 252 Posthumius 102 Potters craft 120 Potters frame 121 Prayer 207 Preaching 208 Price of Writs 284 Priest's age 173 Priests 168 Priests first Masse 192 Priests of Egypt 128 Priests of Egypt wrote stories 37 Priesthood 165 Primitive Church 169 Prime 80 Prince Electours 178 Printing 85 Prisons 76 Prognostications 52 Prometheus 111 Prophesying 63 Prose 37 Protagoras 4 Psalter of David 30 Psammeticus 10 Ptolemeus's Libraries 84 Pultries 128 Purification of women 201 Purple colour 131 Purple robe 196 Q. QThe Letter 26 Quarrels 90 R. RAmmers 90 Readers 166 Reading the Bible at meat 231 Riding of horses 91 Reckonings 53 Reconciliation of Churches 237 Regals 44 Religion 13 156 Reliques 279 Repentance a remedy for sin 218 Rhetorick 38 Right hand 183 Ringing to Service 245 Rites of burying 138 Rites of Marriage 18 Royal Ornaments 75 Romans burned their dead bodies 139 Romans League 99 Rome made orders 170 Romulus 72 Romulus ordered the year 77 Rowing in Boats 150 151 Rudders ibid. Rue 59 Ruling the Common-wealth 69 S. SAbbath-dayes of the Jews 232 Sacrament of the Altar 217 Sacrifices 227 Sailes 150 Solomon 136 Solomon made the first Temple 202 Salt 128 Saluting with kisses 184 Sanctuaries 142 201 Sand Diall 82 Satyres 34 Saturnalia games 97 Saturnus Father of the gods 4 Savery 59 Saw 148 Scaffolds 143 Scarlet robes 175 Schisms 290 Scythians League 100 Scribes 284 Selandine 59 Senio 95 Servius Tullius 111 Secretaries 285 Seth's posterity 49 Sextons 166 Shafts 90 Shalmes 44 Shaven Crowns 171 Ships 150 Shoo-makers craft 130 Silk ibid. Sylla 75 Silver 107 Silver coyned in Egina 110 Silvester commanded That a Priest should have but one Wife 199 Simony 287 Simonides 5 Singing Psalmes by course 222 Singing to the Lute 44 Single-livers 17 Sithes 90 Slings ibid. Smith's Forge 108 Socrates 42 Solicitors 285 Sol. 81 Soul-masse day 241 Somners 285 Sons of Noah 13 Sons of Seth found the Letters 24 Sodering of Iron 108 Spears 89 Speaking of the Nature of God is dangerous 5 Spindles 129 Spinning 130 Spirits 60 Spurius Carilius 18 Squire 147 Stations 281 Stalling a Bishop 17â— Staves 8â— Steeples 137 13â— Stephen is martyred 15â— Stars of what poweâ— they be 48 Stewes 152 29â— Stocks 7â— Story of a King's daughter 1â— Striking of the Clock 82 Subsidies and taxes 76 Succession of Priesthood 166 Superstition turned into Religion 227 Supplications 247 Susanna 154 Swearing 181 Swine commended in sacrifices 127 Swords 89 Sword-players 98 T. TAbles 94 Talus 95 Tapers 191 Targets 89 Taxes or subsidy that they pay which have benefices 285 Telesphorus did appoint Lent to be kept before Easter 226 Tennis 94 Tents 135 Texts proving Confession 220 Thales 3 77 Theatres 142 Themistocles 42 Theodosius commanded That no Crosse should be graven on the ground 203 Theseus first Tyrant 71 Thessaly used Magick 60 Thracians fashion of burying 139 Three strings in the Harp 43 Three Masses on Christmas-day 215 Tile and Slate 132 Tyrians were cunning Capentersr 148 Tisias gave rules of Rhetorick 39 Tithes 25â— Titles of Bishops of Rome 283 Tongues 108 Towers 135 Tragedies 32 Tragos ibid. Transfigurations 235 Tribunes 74 Triumphs 101 Trix 33 True Fast 225 Truce for years 99 Tubal-Cain 40 88 108 Turning our faces Eastward 208 V.