observation of all the commands of Christ. But it is such whom we intend who constantly fix their minds on the enjoyment of God as their chiefest good and utmost end who thereon duely consider the means of attaining it and apply themselves thereunto And it is to be feared that the number of such persons will not be found to be very great in the world which is sufficient to take off the reproach from some particular Congregations of the smalness of their number Such they ever were and such is it foretold that they should be Number was never yet esteemed a note of the true Church by any but those whose worldly interest it is that it should so be yet at present absolutely in these Natiâ—ns the number of such persons is not small 3. Of these persons it is said that it is their duty so to dispose of themselves It is not that which they may do as a convenience or an advantage not that which others may do for them but which they must do for themselves in a way of duty It is an Obediential Act unto the commands of Christ whereunto is required subjection of Conscience unto his Authority Faith in his promises as also a respect unto an appearaâ—ce before his Judgment-Throne at the last day The way of the Church of Rome to compel men into their Communion and keep them in it by fire and fagot or any other means of external force derives more from the Alcoran than the Gospel Neither doth ir answer the mind of Christ in the Institution End and Order of Church-Societies that men should become Members of them partly by that which is no way in their own power and partly by what their wills are regulated in by the Laws of men For it is as was said commonly esteemed that men being born and baptized in such a Nation are tâ—ereby made members of the Church of that Nation and by living within such Parochial Precincts as the Law of the Land hath Arbitrarily established are members of this or that particular Congregation At least they are accounted so far to belong unto these Churches as to render them liable unto all outward punishments that shall be thought meet to be inflicted on them who comply not with them So far as these perswasions and actings according unto them do prevail so far are they destructive of the principal foundation of the external Being and Order of the Church But that mens joyning themselves in or unto any Church Society is or ought to be a voluntary act or an act of free choice in mere obedience unto the Authority and commands of Christ is so sacred a truth so evident in the Scripture so necessary from its subject matter so testifyed unto by the practice of all the first Churches as that it despiseth all opposition And I know not how any can reconcile the common practice of giving men the reputation or reality of being Members of or belonging unto this or that Church as unto total Communion who desire or chuse no such thing unto this acknowledged principle 5. THERE is a double joâ—ning unto the Church 1. That which is as unto total Communion in all the duties and priviledges of the Church which is that whereof we treat 2. An adherence unto the Church as unto the means of Instruction and Edification to be attained thereby So persons may adhere unto any Church who yet are not meet or free on some present consideration to confederate with it as unto total Communion see Act. 5.13 14. And of this sort in a peculiar manner are the baptized Children of the members of the Church For although they are not capable of performing Church duties or enjoying Church-priviledges in their tender years nor can have a right unto total Communion before the testification of their own voluntary corsent thereunto and choice thereof yet are they in a peculiar manner under the care and inspection of the Church so far as the outward administration of the Covenant in all the means of it is committed thereunto and their duty it is according to their capacity to attend unto the Ministry of that Church whereunto they do belong 6. THE Proposition respects a visible professing Church And I intend such a Church in general as avoweth Authority from Christ 1. For the Minâ—sterial Preaching of the Word 2. Administration of the Sacraments 3. For the Exercise of Evangelical Discipline and 4. To give a publick testimony against the Devil and the World not contradicting their profession with any corrupt Principles or Practices inconsistent with it What is required in particular that any of them may be meet to be joyned unto such a Church we shall afterwards enquire 7. IT is generally said that out of the Church there is no Salvation and the truth hereof is testified unto in the Scriptures Act. 2.47 1 Pet. 3.20 21. Matth. 16.18 Ephes. 5.26 27. Joh. 10.16 8. THIS is true both positively and negatively of the Catholick Church invisible of the Elect All that are of it shall be saved and none shall be saved but those that belong unto it Ephes. 5.25 26 27. Of the Catholick visible professing Church negatively that no Adult person can be saved that doth not belong unto this Church Rom. 10.10 9. THIS Position of Truth is abused by Interest and Pride an enclosure of it being made by them who of all Christians in the World can lay the least and weakest claim unto it namely the Church of Rome For they are so far from being that Catholick Church out of which there is no Salvation and wherein none can perish like the Ark of Noah that it requires the highest charity to reckon them unto that visible professing Church whereof the greatest part may perish and do so undoubtedly 10. Our enquiry is what truth there is in this Assertion with respect unto these particular Churches or Societies for the celebration of Gospel-worship and Discipline whereof we treat And I say 1. No Church of what denâ—mination soever can lay a claim unto this Priviledge as belonging unto it self alone This waâ— the antient Donatism They confined Salvation unto the Churcâ—es of their way alone And after many false charges of it on others it begins really to be renewed in our dâ—ys For some dispute that Salvation is confined unto that Church alone wherein there is a Succession of Diocesan Bishops which is the height of Donatism The Judgments and Determinations made concerning the Eternal Salvation or Damnation of Men by the measures of some differences among Christians about Churches their State and Order are absurd foolish and impious and for the most part used by them who sufficiently preclaim that they know neither what it is to be saved nor do use any diligence about the necessary means of it Salvation depends absolutely on no particular Church-state in the world he knows not the Gospel who can really think it doth Persons of Believers are not for the Church but the Church is
judge of its evidences and fruits in their external Demonstration as unto a participation of the outward Privileges of a Regenerate state and no farther And we shall hereon briefly declare what belongs unto the forming of a right judgment herein and who are to be esteemed fit Members of any Gospel Church State or have a right so to be 1. SUCH as from whom we are obliged to with-draw or with-hold Communion can be no part of the matter constituent of a Church or are not meer Members for the first constitution of it But such are all Habitual Sinners those who having prevalent habits and Inclinations unto Sins of any kind unmortified do walk according unto them Such are prophane Swearers Drunkards Fornicators Covetous Oppressors and the like who shall not inherit the Kingdom of God 1 Cor. 6.9 10.11 Phil. 3.18 19. 2 Thess. 3.6 2 Tim. 3.5 as a man living and dying in any known Sin that is habitually without Repentance cannot be saved so a man known to live in Sin cannot regularly be received into any Church To compose Churches of Habitual Sinners and that either as unto Sins of Commission or Sins of Omission is not to erect Temples to Christ but Chapels unto the Devil 2. SUCH as being in the fellowship of the Church are to be admonished of any scandalous Sin which if they repent not of they are to be cast out of the Church are not meer Members for the Original Constitution of a Church This is the state of them who abide Obstinate in any known Sin whereby they have given Offence unto others without a professed Repentance thereof although they have not lived in it habitually 3. THEY are to be such as visibly answer the Description given of Gospel Churches in the Scripture so as the Titles assigned therein unto the Members of such Churches may on good grounds be appropriated unto them To compâ—â—â— Churches of such Persons as do not visibly answer the character given of what they were of old and what they were always to be by virtue of the Law of Christ oâ— Gospel-contitution is not Church Edification but Destruction And those who look on the things spoken of all Church Members of old as that they were Saints by calling lively stones in the house of God justified and sanctified separate from the World c. as those which were in them and did indeed belong unto them but even deride the necessity of the same things in present Church Members or the Application of them unto those who are so are themselves no small part of that woful Degeneracy which Christian Religion is fallen under Let it then be considered what is spoken of the Church of the Jews in their Dedication unto God as unto their Typical Hâ—linesâ— with the Application of it unto Christian Churches in real Holiness 1 Pet. 2.5.9 with the Description given of them constantly in the Scripture as Faithful Holy Believing as the House of God as his Temple wherein he dwells by his Spirit as the Body of Christ united and compâ—cted by the communication of the Spirit unto them as also what is said concerning their ways walkings and duties and it will be uncontrolably evident of what sort our Church Members ought to be nor are those of any other sort able to discharge the Duties which are incumbent on all Church-members nor to use the Privileges they are intrusted withal Wherefore I say â—o suppose Churches regularly to consist of such persons for the greater part of them as no way answer the Description given of Church-members in their Original Institution nor capâ—ble to discharge the Duties prescribed unto them but giving evidence of Habits and Actions inconsistent therewithal is not only to disturb all Church Order but utterly to overthrow the Ends and Being of Churches Nor is there any thing â—ore scandalous unto Christian Religioâ— than what Bellarmine affirms to be the judgment of the Papists in opposition unto all others namely that no internal Vertue or Grace is required unto the Constitution of a Church in its Members Lib. 3. dâ— Eccles. cap 2. 4. THEY must be such as do make an open profession of the subjection of their Souls and Consciences unto the Authority of Christ in the Gospel and their readiness to yield Obedience unto all his Commands This I suppose will not be denied for not only doth the Scripture make this Profession necessary unto the participation of any benefit or privilege of the Gospel but the nature of the things themselves requires indispensably that so it should be For nothing can be more unreasonable than that men should be taken into the privileges attending Obedience unto the Laws and Commands of Christ without avowing or professing that Obedience Wherefore our Enquiry is only what is required unto such a Profession as may render men meet to be Members of a Church and give them a Right thereunto For to suppose such a confession of Christian Religion to be compliant with the Gospel which is made by many who openly live in Sin being disobedient and unto every good work reprobate is to renounce the Gospel it self Christ is not the High Priest of such a Profession I shall therefore declare briefly what is necessary unto this Profession that all may know what it is which is required unto the entrance of any into our Churches wherein our Practice hath been sufficiently traduced 1. THERE is required unto it a competent knowledge of Doctrines and Mystery of the Gospel especially concerning the Person and Offices of Christ. The Confession hereof was the ground whereon he granted the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven or all Church Power unto Believers Matth 16.17 18 19. The first Instruction which he gave unto his Apostles was That they should teach men by the preaching of the Gospel in the knowledge of the Truth revealed by him The knowledge required in the Members of the Judaical Church that they might be translated into the Christian was principally if not solely that of his Person and the acknowledgment of him to be the true Messiah the Son of God For as on their unbelief thereof their Eternal ruine did depend as he told them if you believe not that I am he you shall die in your sins so the confession of him was sufficient on their part unto their Admission into the Gospel Church State And the Reasons of it are apparent With others an Instruction in all the Mysteries of Religion especially in those that are fundamental is necessary unto the Profession we enquire after So Justin Martyr tells us what pains they took in those Primitive Times to instruct those in the Mysteries of Religion who upon a general Conviction of its Truth were willing to adhere unto the Profession of it And what was their Judgment herein is sufficiently known from the keeping a multitude in the state of Catecumens before they would admit them into the Fellowship of the Church They are not therefore
heal even Babylon it self by a reduction of all things unto their first Institution if it would be healed Jerem. 51.9 and if not we are to forsake her and reform our selves Rev. 18.4 There is nothing therefore in all these pretences that should in the least impeach the infallible continuation of the Evangelical Churches and Worship as to their right unto the end of the world And the Heads of those Arguments whereby the Truth is invincibly confirmed may be briefly touched on 1. There are express Testimonies of the Will of Christ and his promise for its accomplishment that the Church and all its Ordinances of Worship should be continued always unto the end of the world So as to the Church it self Matth. 16.13 Rev. 21.3 The Ministry Matth. 28.20 Ephes. 4.13 Baptism Matth. 28.18 19 20. The Lords Supper 1 Cor. 11.26 As for other Institutions Publick Prayer Preaching the word the Lords day singing of Gods Praises the exercise of Discipline with what belongs thereunto they have their foundation in the Law and Light of Nature being only directâ—d and applied unto the Gospel-Church-state and worship by Rules of especial Institution and they can no more cease than the original Obligation of that Law can so do If it be said that notwithstanding what may be thus pleaded yet de facto the true state of Gospel-Churches and their whole worship as unto its Original Institution did fail under the Papal Apostacy and therefore may do so again I Answer 1. We do not plead that this state of things must be always visible and conspicuous wherein all Protestant Writers do agree It is acknowledged that as unto publick view Observation and Notoriety all these things were lost under the Papacy and may be so again under a renewed Apostacy 2. I do not plead it to be necessary de facto that there should be really at all times a true visible Church as the seat of all Ordinances and Administrations in the world but all such Churches may fail not only as unto Visibility but as unto their Existence But this supposition of a failure of all instituted Churches and Worship I grant only with these Limitations 1. That it is of Necessity from innumerable Divine Promises and the nature of Christ's Kingly office that there be always in the world a number greater or lesser of sincere Believers that openly profess subjection and obedience unto him 2. That in these Persons there resides an indefeazable Right always to gather themselves into a Church state and to administer all Gospel ordinances which all the world cannot deprive them of which is the whole of what I now plead for And let it be observed that all the ensuing Arguments depend on this Right and not on any Matter of Fact 3. I do not know how far God may accept of Churches in a very corrupt state and of worship much depraved until they have new means for their Reformation Nor will I make any judgment of Persons as unto their eternal Condition who walk in Churches so corrupted and in the performance of worship so depraved But as unto them who know them to be so corrupted and depraved it is a damnable sin to joyn with them or not to separate from them Revel 18.4 2. The Nature and Use of the Gospel Church-state require and prove the uninterrupted continuance of the Right of its Existence and the observance of all Ordinances of Divine Worship therein with a Power in them in whom that Right doth indefeazably reside that is all true Believers to bring it forth into exercise and practice notwithstanding the external Impediments which in some places at some times may interrupt its exercise In the observation of Christ's Institutions and Celebration of the ordinances of Divine Worship doth the Church-state of the Gospel as professing consist It doth so in opposition 1. Unto the World and the Kingdom of Satan For hereby do men call Jesus Lord as 1 Cor. 12.3 and avow their subjection unto his Kingly Power 2. Unto the Church-state of the Old Testament as the Apostle disputes at large in his Epistle unto the Hebrews And this state of the professing Church in this World is unalterable because it is the best state that the Believing Church is capable of For so the Apostle plainly proves that hereby the believing Church is brought 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which it was not under the Law â—hat is unto its Consummation in the most compleat Perfection that God hath designed unto it on this side Glory Heb. 7. â—1 19. For Christ in all his Offices is the immediate Head of it Its Constâ—â—uâ—ion and the Revelation of the ways of its Wâ—rship are an effect of his Wisdâ—m and from thence is it eminently suited unto all the ends of the Covenant both on the part of God and man and is therefore liable to no Intercision or Alteration 3. The visible Administration of the Kingdom of Christ in this World consists in this Church-state with the Administration of his Institutions and Laws therein A Kingdom the Lord Jesus Christ hath in this World and though it be not of the World yet in the World it must be until the World shall be no more The Truth of all God's Promises in the Scripture depends on this one Assertion We need not here concern our selves what Notions some men have about the exercise of this Kingdom in the world with respect unto the outward affairs and concerns of it Rut this is certain that this Kingdom of Christ in the world so far as it is external and visible consists in the Laws he hath given the Institutions he hath appointed the Rule or Politie he hath prescribed with the due observance of them Now all these things do make constitute and are the Church-state and Worship enquired after Wherefore as Christ alway hâ—â—h and ever will have an Invisible Kingdom in this world in the Souls of Elect Believers led guided ruled by his Spirit so he will have a visible Kingdom also consisting in a professed avowed Subjection unto the Laws of his word Rom. 10.10 And although this Kingdom or his Kingdom in this sence may as unto the essence of it be preserved in the external Profession of individual persons and it may be so exist in the world for a season yet the honour of it and its compleat establishment consists in the visible profession of Churches which he will therefore maintain unto the end But by Visible in this Discourse I understand not that which is conspicuous and eminent unto all though the Church hath been so and shall yet be so again nor yet that which is actually seen or known by others but only that which may be so or is capable of being so known Nor do I assert a Necessity hereof as unto a constant preservation of Purity and Regularity in Order and Ordinances according to the Original Institution of them in any place but only of an unalterable Right and Power in Believers to
render them visible which it becomes their indispensible Duty to do when outward Impediments are not absolutely insuperable But of these things thus far 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 CHAP. IV. What sort of Churches the Disciples of Christ may and ought to joyn themselves unto as unto Entire Communion WE have proved before that it is the Duty of all individual Christians to give themselves up unto the Conduct Fellowstip and Communion of some particular Church or Congregation Our present Enquiry heâ—eon is that whereas there is a great Diversity among professing Societies in the World concerning each whereof it is said Lâ— here is Christ and Lo there is Christ what Church of what Constitution and Order any one that takes care of his own Edification and Salvation ought to joyn himself unto This I shall speak unto first in General and then in the Examination of one particular Case or Instance wherein many at this day are concerned And â—ome things must be premised unto the right stating of the Subject of our Enquiry 1. The Diversities anâ— Divisions among Churches which respect is to be had unto in the choice of any which we will or ought to joyn unto are of two sorts 1. Such as are â—ccasiâ—ned by the remaining Weaknesses Infirmities and Ignorance of the best of Men whereby they know but in parâ— and Prophesie only in part wherein our Edification is concerned but our Salvation not endangered 2. Such as are in and about things Fundamental in Faith Worship and Obedience We shall speak to both of them 2. All Christians were Originally of one Mind in all things needful unto Joynt-Communion so as that there might be among them all Love without Dissimulation Howbeit there was great Variety not only in the Measure of their apprehensions of the Doctrines of Truth but in some Doctrines themselves as about the continuance of the observations of the Law or at least of some of them as also Oppositions from without unto the Truth by Hereticks and Apostates neither of which hindred the Church Communion of true Believers But the Diversity Difference and Divisions that are now among Churches in the World is the effect of the great Aâ—ostasie which befel them all in the latter Ages as unto the Spirit Rule and Practice of those which were planted by the Apostles and will not be healed until that Apostasie be Abolished 3. Sâ—tan having possessed himself of the Advantage of these Divisions whereâ—f he was the Author he makâ—s use of them to act his Malice and Râ—ge in stirring up and iâ—stigating one Party to Persecute Oppress and Devour anothâ—r until the Life Power and Glory of Christian Religion is almost lost in the World It requireâ— therefore great Wisdom to depart our selves aright among these Divisions so as to conâ—ribute nothing unto the Ends of Malice designed by Satan iâ— them 4. In this staâ—e of things until it may be cured which it â—ill never be by any of the ways yet proposed and insisted on the Enquiry is concerning the Duty of any one who takes care of his own Soul as unto a Conjunction with some Church or other And on the Negative Part I say 1. Such an one is bounâ— not to joyn with any Church or Society where any Fundamental Article of Faith is rejected or corrupted There may be a Fundamental Error in a true Church for a season when the Church erreth not Fundamentally 1 Cor. 15. 2 Tim. 2.18 But I suppose the Error in or against the Foundation is part of the Profession of the Church or Society to be joyned unto For thereby the Nature of the Church is destroyed it doth not hold the Head nor abide on the Foundation nor is the Ground and Pillar of Truth Wherefore althâ—ugh the Soâ—iâ—iâ—â—s under a Pretence of Love Forbearance and Mutual Toleration do offer us the Communion of their Churches wherein there is somewhat of Order and Discipline commendible yet it is unlawful to joyn in Church Fellowship or Communion with them For their Errors about the Trinity the Incarnation of Christ and his Satiâ—faction are destructive of the Foundation of the Prophets and Apostles and Idolotry in the Divine Worship of a meer Creature is introduced by them 2. Where there is any Church taught or allowed a Mixture of Doctrines or Opinions that are prejuâ—icial unto Gospel Holiness or Obedience no man that takes due care of his Salvation can joyn himself unto iâ— For the Original Rule and Measure of all Church Communion is agreement in the Doctrine of Truth Where therefore there is either not a stable Profession of the sâ—me Doctrine in all substantial Truths of the Gospel but an uncertain sâ—uâ—d is given some sâ—ying one thing some anothâ—r or that Opposition is made unto any Truths of the Importance before mentioned None can be bound or obliged to hold Communion with it nor can incur any blame by refraining from it For it is the Duty of a Christian in all things 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And to joyn with such a Church would 1. Stain their Profession 2. Hinder their Edification 3. Establish a new Rule of Communion unknown to the Scriptures namely besides Truth as might easily be manifested 3. Where the Fundamentals of Religious Worship are corrupted or overthrown it is absolutely unlawful to joyn unto or abide in any Church So is it with the Church of Rome The various ways whereby the Foundations of Divine Religious Worship are overthrown in that Church by Superstition and Idolatry have been sufficiently declared These render the Communion of that Church pernitious 4. Nor can any Man be obliged to joyn himself with any Church nor can it be his Duty so to do where the Eternally fixed Rule and Measure of Religious Worship namely that it be of Divine Institution is varied or change by any Additions unto it or Substractions from it For whereas one principal end of all â—hurches is the joynt celebration of Divine VVorship if there be not a certain stable Rule thereof in any Church of Divine Prescription no Man can be obliged unto Communion therewith 5. Where the Fundamentals of Church Order Practice and Discipline are destroyed it is not lawful for any man to joyn in Church Communion These Fundamâ—ntals are of two sorts 1. Such as concern the Ministry of the Church 2. Such as concern the Church it self There are four things that are necessary Fundamentals unto the Order of the Church on the part of the Ministry 1. That all the Ministers or Officers of it be duly chosen by the Church it self and solemnly set apart in the Church unto their Office according unto the Rule and Law of Christ. This is Fundamental unto Church Order the Root of it from whence all other parts of it do Spring And it is that which is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or expresly provided for in the Scripture as we shall see If there be a neglect herein and no other Relation required between Ministers Elders Rulers Bishops and
the Church but what is raised and created by Ways and Rules of mens appointment or if there be a Temporary disposal of Persons into a discharge of that Office without a solemn Call Choice Ordination and Separation unto the Office it self and its work the Law of Christ is violated and the Order of the Church disturbed in its Foundation 2. That those who are called unto the Office of the Ministry be duly qualified by their Endowment with Spiritual Gifts for the discharge of their Duty is Fundamental unto the Ministry that the Lord Jesus Christ doth still continue his Dispensation of Spiritual Gifts unto Men to fit and enable them unto the Office and work of the Ministry that if he doth not do so or should at any time cease so to do the whole Office of the Ministry must cease and the Being of the Church with it that it is altogether useless for any Churches or Persons to erect an Image of the Gospel Ministry by outward Rites and Ceremonies without the enlivening form of these Spiritual Gifts I have proved sufficiently in my Discourse of Spiritual Gifts and their câ—ntinuance in the Church Wherefore a Communication of Spiritual Gifts peculiarly enabling Men unto the Work of the Ministry antecedent unto their solemn Separation unto the Office in some good Measure is absolutely necessary unto the due continuance of the Office and its Work See Ephes. 4.7 11 12 13 14 15. To suppose that the Lord Christ doth call and appoint Men unto a certain Office and Work in his Church secluding all others from any Interest in the one or other and yet not endow them with peculiar Gifts and Abilities for the discharge of that Office aâ—d Work is to ascribe that unto him which is every way unbecoming his Wisdom and Grace with his Love unto the Church But when Men look on all Church Order as a lifeless Machine to be acted moved and disposed by External Rules Laws Canons and Orders without respect unto the Actings of the Spirit of Christ going before in the Rule of his Word to enliven every part of it the true Disciples of Christ will receive no advantage thereby 3. It is of the same Importance that Persons so called do take heed unto their Ministry that they fulfil it that they give themselves unto the VVord and Prayer that they labour continually in the VVord and Doctrine and all those other Duties which in the Scripture are prescribed unto them and this not only as unto the Matter of them but as unto the Manner of their performance with Zeal Love Compassion and Diligence Where there is a great Defect in any of these things on what Pretence soever it be where Men esteem themselves exempted from this Work or not obliged unto it when they suppose that they may discharge their Office at a cheaper rate and with less trouble as unto their present Interest by such ways as I shall not here express No Man is no Man can be obliged to confine his Church Communion unto such a Ministry 4. It is required that they be Examples unto the Flock in the Expression of the Nature and Power of the Doctrine which they Preach in their Conversation especially in Zeal Humility Self-denial and readiness for the Cross. Where these things are not there is such a defect in the Fundamentals of Church Practice us unto the Ministry of it that no Man who takes care of his own Edification can joyn himself unto a Church labouring under it For Ministers and Churches are nothing but instituted means of the Conversion of Sinners and the Edification of Believers And when any of them through their own default cease so to be there is no obligation unto any man to joyn or continue in their Communion nor do they contract any Guilt in a peaceable departure from them but discharge their Duty That this be done peaceably without strife or contention without judging of others as unto their Interest in Christ and Eternal Salvation the Law of Moral Obedience doth require That it be done with Love and Compassion and Prayer towards and for them who are left is the peculiar Direction of that moral Duty by the Gospel Such a Practice at present would fall under severe charges and accusations as also brutish Penalties in some places But when all Church Craft shall be defeated and the uses that are made of its imaginary Authority be discarded there will be little occasion of this Practise and none at all of Offence Again There are Things Fundamental unto Church Practise and Order in the Church it self which where they are neglected no man ought of choice to joyn himself unto that Church seeing he cannot do it without the Prejudice of his Edification the furtherance whereof he ought to design in that Duty And these are 1. That the Discipline of Christ be duly exercised in it according unto his mind and by the Rules of his Prescription There never was any Sect Order or Society of men in the world designed for the Preservation and Promotion of Vertue and things Praise-worthy but they had Rules of Discipline proper unto the Ends of their Design to be observed in and by all that belong unto them VVhere the Erection of such Societies is continued in the VVorld as it is much in the Papacy both their Constitution and their Conversation depend on the especial Rules of Discipline which they have framed unto themselves And this is done by them in great Variety for being ignorant of the Discipline of the Gospel and so esteeming it insufficient unto their Design they have made no end of Coyning Rules unto themselves To suppose that our Lord Jesus Christ who in this Church-state according unto his infinite VVisdom hath erected the most perfect Society for the most perfect Ends of Religion of Obedience towards God of Love and Usefulness among our selves hath not appointed a Discipline and given Rules concerning its Administration for the Preservation of that Society and the attaining of those Ends is highly injurous unto his Honour and Glory VVhere therefore there is a Church or any Society that pretends so to be wherein there is an utter Neglect of this Discipline of Christ or the establishment of another not administred by the Laws and Rules that he prescribed no Disciple of Christ can be obliged to joyn unto or to continue in the Total sole Communion of such a Church And whereas there are two Parts of this Discipline of Christ That which is Private among the Members of the Church for the Exercise and Preservation of Love and that which is Publick in and by the Authority of the Rulers of the Church for the Preservation of Purity and Order a Neglect in either of them doth much impeach the Fundamental Constitution of a Church as unto its Practise 2. There are sundry other things which belong unto this Discipline in General which are of great consideration in the Discharge of the Duty we enquire into Among
of Elders IX Of Deacons X. Excommunication XI Of the Communion of Churches In large Quarto price bound 3 s. Other Books lately Published of Dr. Owens Left behind him fitted for the Press 1. A Treatise of the Dominion of Sin and Grace Price Bound 1 s. 2. A Brief and Impartial Account of the Nature of the Protestant Religion its State and Fate in the World its Strength and Weakness with the Ways and Indications of the Ruin or Continuance of its publick National Profession Price 6 d 3. A Brief Instruction in the Worship of God and Discipline of the Church of the New Testament by way of Questions and Answers with an Explication and Confirmation of those Answers Price Bound 1 s. 4 Meditations and Discourses concerning the Glory of Christ Applied unto unconverted Sinnerâ— and Saints under Spiritual Decays from Joh. 17.24 Bound 1 s. These with the rest of Dr. Owen's Works that are in Print are sold by William Marshall at the Bible in Newgate-street where you may be supplied of other Authors Books following An Exposition of the whole Book of the Revelation wherein the Visions and Prophesies of Christ are opened and Expounded By that Late Reverend Divine Hansel Knowlls Price Bound 2 s. 6 d. Dr. Crispâ— Works in large Quarto four parts Bound 7 s. A Plain and Familiar Conferrence Concerning Gospel Churches and Order for the information and benefit of those who shall seek the Lord their God and ask the way to Sion with their Faces thitherwards Price Bound 1 s. Ashwood's Heavenly Trade or the best Merchandize Price Bound 2 s. 6 d. Ashwood's best Treasure or the unsearchable Riches of Christ. Bound 2 s. 6 d. Mr. Mead's Effigies lately Engraven and Printed on large Paper Price 6 d. Mr. Caryls Effigies large Paper 6 d. Dr. Owen's Effigies in large Paper 6 d. Mr. Bunyan's Effigies large Paper 6 d. Dr. Crisp's Effigies in Paper 6 d. There is Newly Printed a Stitch'd Book containing six Sheets entituled The Sufficiency of the Spirits Teaching By Sammuel How Price 6 d. Those that send for six Books shall have a seventh Gratis Likewise there is in the Press and will be Published if the Lord will February next 1692. To Subscribers and others Bound 12 s. The Labours of John Bunyan Author of the Pilgrims Progress late Minister of the Gospel and Pastor of the Congregation at Bedford Collected and Printed in Folio by Procurement of his Church and Friends and by his own Approbation before his Death that these his Christian Ministerial Labours may be preserved in the World He was an Eminent Convert and Experienc'd Christian. He was an Excellent Eminent and Famous Gospel Minister He hath Suffered Twelve Years Imprisonment for Gospel Preaching His Books have sold admirably well And he behaved himself Wisely Plainly â—ouragiously as a Follower of the Great Apostle Paul as he was a Follower of Christ. And therefâ—re all Christian People may reckon themselvâ—â— obliged to â—reserve these his Labours This Folio will contain Ten of his Excellent Manuscripts prepared for the Press before his Death and Ten of his Choice Books already Printed but long ago and not now to be had Their Titles are as followeth viz. MANUSCRIPTS An Exposition on the Ten first Chapters of Genesis Justification by Imputed Righteousness Paul's Departure and Crown Israel's Hope Incouraged Desires of the Righteous granted The Saints Priviledge and Profit Christ a compleat Saviour Saints knowlegde of Christ's Love The House of the Forest of Labenon A Discription of Antichrist BOOKS formerly Printed Saved by Grace Christian Behaviour A Discourse of Prayer The Strait Gate Gospel Truths opened Light for them in Darkness Instructions for the Ignorant A Map of Salvation c. The New Jerusalem The Resurrection FINIS Psal. 15.1 2 3 4 5. Psal. 24.3 4. Psal. 93.5 2 Cor. 8.23 Ephes. 5.27 2 Tim. 3.1 2 3 4 5. Ezek. 22.26 Joh. 3.3 Tit. 3.3 4 5. Joh. 3.5 Act. 2.38 1 Pet. 3.21 Phil. 3.18 19. Tit. 1.15 16. Act. 15. â—8 Rev. 2.23 Act. 8.13 1 Cor. 6.9 10 11. Phil. 3.18 19. 2 Thes. 3 6. 2 Tim. 3.5 Rom. 9 6 7. Tit. 1.16 Mat. 18.16 17 18. 1 Cor. 5.11 Rom. 10.10 2 Cor. 8.5 Chap. 9.13 Matth. 10.32 33. Luke 9.16 2 Tim. 2.12 Rom. 15.9 Joh. 12.42 1 Joh. 4.2 3 15. Matth. 10.37 38 39. Mar. 8.34.38 Luk. 9.23 Phil. 3.18 Act. 4.10 11 20. Act. 24.14 Matth. 28.19 20. 1 Cor. 10.32 Phil. 1.10
for them if the Ministry of Angels be for them who are Heirs of Salvation much more is the Ministry of the Church so If a man be an Adulterer an Idolater a Rayler a hater and scoffer of Godliness if he choose â—o live in any known sin without Repentance or in the neglect of any known duty if he be ignorant and prophane in a word if he be not boâ—n again from above be he of what Church he will and whatsoever place he possess therein he cannot be saved And on the other side if a man believe in Christ Jesus that is know him in his Person Offices Doctrine and Grace trust unto him for all the ends of the wisdom and love of God towards Mankind in him if he endeavour to yield sincere and universal obedience unto all his coâ—mands and to be confirmed unto him in all things following his example having for these ends received of his Spirit though all the Churches in the world should reject him yet he shall undoubtedly be saved If any shall hence infer that then it is all one of what Church any one is I answer 1. That although the being of this or that or any particular Church in the world will not secure the Salvation of any men yet the adherence unto some Churches or such as are so called in their constitution and worship may prejudice yea ruine the Salvation of any that shall so do 2. The choice of what Church we will joyn unto belongs unto the choice and use of the means for our Edification And he that makes no conscience hereof but merely with râ—spect unto the event of being saved at last will probably come short thereof 2. ON this Supposition that there be no insuperable difficulties lying in the way of the discharge of this duty as that a person be cast by the providence of God into such a place or season as wherein there is no Church that he can possibly joyn himself unto or that he be unjustly refused Communion by unwarrantable conditions of it as it was with many during the prevalâ—ncy of the Papacy in all the Western Empire it is the indispâ—nsible duty of every Disciple of Christ in order unto his Edification and Salvation voluntarily and of his own choice to joyn himself in and unto some particular congregation for the Celebration of divine Worship and the due observation of all the Institutions and commands of Christ which we shall now farther confirm 1. THE foundation of this duty as was before declared doth lye in the law and light of Nature Man cannot exercise the principal powers and faculties of his Soul with which he was created and whereby he is enabled to glorifie God which is the end of him and them without a consent and conjunction in the Worship of God in Communion and Society as hath been proved before 2. The way whereby this is to be done God hath declared and revealed from the beginning by the Constitution of a Church-state through the addition of Arbitrary Institutions of worship unto what was râ—quired by the Law of Nature For this gives the true state and is the formal reason of a Church namely a divine Addition of Arbitrary Institutions of worship unto the necessary Dictates of the Law of Nature unto that end And the especial nature of any Church-state doth depend on the especial nature of those Institutions which is constitutive of the difference between the Church-state of the Old Testament and that of the New 3. SUCH a Church-state was constituted and appointed under the Old Testament founded in and on an especial Covenant between God and the People Exod. 24. Unto this Church every one that would please God and walk before him was bound to joyn himself by the ways and means that he had appointed for that end namely by Circumcision and their laying hold on the Covenant of God Exod. 12.48 Isa. 56.4 And this joyning unto the Church is called joyning unto the Lord Isa. 56.6 Jerem. 50.5 as being the means thereof without which it could not be done Herein was the Tabernacle of God with men and he dwelt among them 4. AS a new Church-state is prophesied of under the New Testament Ezek. 34.25 26 27. Isa. 66.18 19 20 21 22. and other places innumerable so it was actually erected by Jesus Christ as we have declared And whereas it is introduced and established in the place and room of the Church-state under the Old Testament which was to be removed at the time of Reformation as the Apostle demonstrates at large in his Epistle to the Hebrews all the commands promises and threatnings given or annexed unto that Church-state concerning the conjunction of men unto it and walking in it are transferred unto this of the new erection of Christ. Wherefore although the State of the Church it self be reduced from that which was Nationally Congregational unto that which is simply and absolutely so and all Ordinances of its instituted worship are changed with new rules for the observation of what we are directed unto by the light of Nâ—ture yet the commands promises and threatnings made and given unto it as a Church are all in full force with respect unto this new Church-state and we need no new commands to render it our duty to joyn in Evangelical Churches for the ends of a Church in general 5. THE Lord Christ hath disposed all the ways and means of edification unto these Churches so that ordinarily and under an expectation of his presence in them and concurrence unto their efficacy they are not otherwise to be enjoyed Such are the ordinary dispensation of the Word and Administration of the Sacraments For any Disciple of Christ to live in a neglect of these things and the enjoyment of them according to his mind is to despise his care and wisdom in providing for his eternal welfare 6. HE hath prescribed sundry duties unto us both as necessary and as evidences of our being his Disciples such as cannot be orderly performed but as we are members of some particular Congregation this also hath been before declared 7. THE Institution of these Churches is the way which Christ hath ordained to render his Kingdom visible or conspicuous in distinction from and opposition unto the Kingdom of Satan and the world And he doth not in a due manner declare himself a subject in or unto the Kingdom of Christ who doth not solemnly ingage in this way It is not enough to constitute a legal subject of the Kingdom of England that he is born in the Nation and lives in some outward observance of the Laws of it if he refuse solemnly to express his Allegiance in the way appointed by the Law for that end Nor will it constitute a regular subject of the Kingdom of Christ that he is born in a place where the Gospel is professed and so professeth a general complyance therewith if he refuse to testifie his subjection by the way that Christ hath appointed for that
end It is true the whole Nation in their civil relation and subordination according to Law is the Kingdom of England But the representation of the Kingly power and rule in it is in the Courts of all sorts wherein the Kingly power is acted openly and visibly And he that lives in the Nation yet denies his hâ—mage unto these Courts is not to be esteemed a Subject So doth the whole visible professing Church in one or more Nations or lesser precincts of people and places constitute the visible Kingdom of Christ yet is no particular person to be esteemed a legal true Subject of Christ that doth not appear in these his Courts with a Solemn expression of his Homage unto him 8. THE whole Administration of the Rule and Discipline appointed by Christ is confined unto these Churches nor can they be approved by whom that rule is despised I shall not argue farther in a case whose truth is of so uncontroulable evidence In all the writings of the New Testament recording things after the Ascension of Christ there is no mention of any of his Disciples with approbation unless they were extraordinary Officers but such as were entire Members of these Assemblies CHAP. II. The Subject Matter of the Church THE Church may be considered eithâ—r as unto his Essence Constitution and Being or as unto its Power and Order when it is Organized As unto its Essence and Being its constituent parts are its Matter and Form These we must enquire into By the Matter of the Church we understand the persons whereof the Church doth consist with their Qualifications And by its Form the reason cause and way of that kind of Relation among them which gives them the Being of a Church and theâ—ewithal an Interest in all that belongs unto a Church either privilege or powâ—r as such Our first Enquiry being concerning what sort of Persons our Lord Jesus Christ requireth and admitteth to be the visible Subjects of his Kingdom we are to be regulated in our Determination by respect unto his Honour Glory and the Holiness of his Rule To reckon such persons to be Subjectâ— of Christ Members of his Body such as he requires and owns for others are not so who would not be tolerated at least not approved in a well governed Kingdom or Commonwealth of the World is highly dishonourable unto him But it is so come to pass that let Men be never so notoriously and flâ—gitiously wicked until they become pâ—sts of the earth yet are they esteemed to belong to the Church of Christ. And not only so but it is thought little less than Schism to forbid them the Communion of the Church in all its sacred Privileges Howbeit the Scripture doth in general represent the Kingdom or Church of Christ to consist of persons called Saints separated from the World with manâ— other things of alike nature as we shall see immediately And if the Honour of Christ were of such weight with us as it ought to be if we understood aright the nature and eâ—ds of his Kingdom and that the peculiar Glory of it above all the Kingdoms in the World consists in the Holiness of its Subjectâ— such an Holiness as the world in its wisdom knoweth not we would duly consider whom we avow to belong thereunto Those who know ought of these things will not profess that persons openly prophane vicious sensual wicked and ignorant are approved and owned of Christ as the Subjects of his Kingdom or that it is his will that we should receive them into the Communion of the Church But an old opinion of the unlawfulness of separation from a Church on the account of the mixture of wicked men in it is made a scare-crow to frighten men from attempting the Reformation of the greatest Evils and a covert for the composing Churches of such members only Some things therefore are to be premised unto what shall be offered unto the right stating of this Enquiry As 1. THAT if there be no more required of any as unto Personal Qualifications in a visible uncontroulable profession to constitute them Subjects of Christs Kingdom and Members of his Church but what is required by the most righteous and severe Laws of men to constitute a good Subject or Citizen the distinction between his visible Kingdom and the Kingdoms of the World as unto the principal causes of it is utterly lost Noâ— all negative Qualifications as that Men are not Oppressors Drunkards Revilers Swearers Adulterers c. are required hereunto But yet it is so fallen out that generally more is required to constitute such a Citizen as shall represent the righteous Laws he liveth under than to constitute a Member of the Church of Christ. 2. THAT whereas Regeneration is expresly required in the Gospel to give a Right and Privilege unto an entrance into the Church or Kingdom of Christ whereby that Kingdom of his is distinguished from all other Kingdoms in and of the World unto an Inteâ—est wherein never any such thing was required it must of necessity be something better more excellent and sublime than any thing the Laws and Polities of men pretend unto or prescribe Wherefore it cannot consist in any outward Rites easie to be observed by the worst and vilest of men besides the Scripture gives us a description of it in opposition unto its consisting in any such Rite 1 Pet. 3.21 And many things required unto good Citizens are far better than the meer observation of such a Rite Of this Regeneration baptism is the Symbol the Sign Expression and Representation Wherefore unto those who are in a due manner partakers of it it giveth all the external Rights and Privileges which belong unto them that are Regenerate until they come unto such Seasons wherein the personal performance of those Duties whereon the continuation of the estate of visible Regeneration doth depend is required of them Herein if they fail they lose all privilege and benefit by their Baptism So speaks the Apostle in the case of Circumcision under the Law Rom. 2.25 For Circumcision verily profiteth if thou keep the Law but if thou be a breaker of the Law thy Circumcision is made uncircumcision It is so in the case of baptism Verily it profiteth if a man stand unto the Terms of the Covenant which is tendered therein between God and his Soul for it will give him Right unto all the outward Privileges of a Regenerate State but if he do not as in the sight of God his baptism is no baptism as unto the real Communication of Grace and acceptance with him so in the sight of the Church it is no baptism as unto a participation of the external Rights and Privileges of a Regenerate state 4. GOD alone is judge concerning this Regeneration as unto its internal real principle and state in the Souls of men whereon the participation of all the spiritual advantages of the Covenant of Grace doth depend The Church is
to be blamed they do but discharge their Duty who refuse to receive into Church Communion such as are ignorant of the fundamental Doctrines and Mysteries of the Gospel or if they have learned any thing of them from a form of words yet really understand nothing of them The promiscuous driving of all sorts of persons who have been baptized in their Infancy unto a participation of all Church privileges is a profanation of the holy Institutions of Christ. This knowledge therefore belonging unto profession is it self to be professed 2. THERE is required unto it a professed subjection of Soul and Conscience unto the Authority of Christ in the Church Matth. 28.18 19 20. 2 Cor. 8.5 This in general is performed by all that are Baptized when they are Adult as being by their own actual consent baptized in the Name of Christ. And it is required of all them who are baptized in their Infancy when they are able with Faith and Understanding to profess their consent unâ—o and abiding in that Covenant whereinto they were initiated 3. An Instruction in and consent unto the Doctrine of Self-denial and bearing of the Cross in a particular manner For this is made indispensably necessary by our Saviour himself unto all that will be his Disciples And it hath been a great disadvantage unto the Glory of Christian Religion that men have not been more and better instructed therein It is commonly thought that who ever will may be a Christian at an easie rate it will cost him nothing But the Gospel gives us another account of these things For it not only warns us that Reproaches Hatred Sufferings of all sorts oft-times to Death it self are the common lot of all its Professors who will live godly in Christ Jesus but also requires that at our initiation into the Profession of it we consider aright the dread of them all and engage cheerfully to undergo them Hence in the Primitive Times whilst all sorts of miseries were continually presented unto them who embraced the Christian Religion their willing engagement to undergo them who were converted was a firm evidence of the sincerity of their Faith as it ought to be unto us also in times of Difficulty and Persecution Some may suppose that the Faith and Confession of this Doctrine of Self-denial and readiness for the Cross is of use only in time of Persecution and so doth not belong unto them who have continually the countenance and favour of publick Authority I say it is at least as they judge well for them with others it is not so whose outward state makes the publick avowing of this Duty indispensably necessary unto them And I may add it as my own thoughts though they are not my own alone That notwithstanding all the Countenance that is given unto any Church by the publick Magistracy yet whilst we are in this World those who will faithfully discharge their Duty as Ministers of the Gospel especially shall have need to be prepared for sufferings To escape sufferings and enjoy worldly advantages by sinful compliances or bearing with men in their Sins is no Gospel Direction 4 Conviction and Confession of Sin with the way of deliverance by Jesus Christ is that answer of a good Conscience that is required in the Baptism of them that are Adult 1 Pet. 3. 5. Unto this Profession is required the constant performance of all known Duties of Religion both of Piety in the publick and private Worship of God as also of Charity with respect unto others Shew me thy Faith by thy Works 6. A careful Abstinence from all known Sins giving scandal or offence either unto the World or unto the Church of God And the Gospel requires that this Confession be made with the Mouth Confession is made unto Salvation against 1. Fear 2. Shame 3. The Course of the World 4. The Opposition of all Enemies whatever Hence it appears that there are none excluded from an Entrance into the Church State but such as are either 1. grosly Ignorant or 2. Persecutors or reproachers of those that are good or of the ways of God wherein they walk or 3. Idolaters or 4. Men scandalous in their Lives in the Commission of Sins or Omission of Duties thro' vitious Habits or Inclinations or 5. such as would partake of Gospel Privileges and Ordinances yet openly avow that they will not submit unto the Law and Commands of Christ in the Gospel concerning whom and the like the Scripture Rule is peremptory From such turn away And herein we are remote from exceeding the example and care of the Primitive Churches Yea there are but few if any that arrive unto it Their endeavour was to Preach unto all they could and rejoiced in the multitudes that came to hear the Word But if any did essay to join themselves unto the Church their diligence in their Examination and Instruction their severe Enquiries into their Conversation their disposing of them for a long time into a state of Expectation for their Trial before their Admittance were remarkable And some of the Ancients complain that their promiscuous Admittance of all sorts of persons that would profess the Christian Religion into Church Membership which took place afâ—erwards ruined all the Beauty Order and Discipline of the Church The things ascribed unto those who are to be esteemed the proper Subject Matter of a Visible Church are such as in the judgment of Charity entitles them unto all the Appellations of Saints Called Sanctified that is Visibly and by Pâ—ofession which are given unto the Members of all the Churches in the New Testament and which must be answered in those who are admitted into that Priledge if we do not wholly neglect our only Patterns By these things although they should any of them not be real living Members of the Mystical Body of Christ unto whom he is an Head of spiritual and vital influance yet are they meer Members of that Body of Christ unto which he is an Head of Rule and Goveâ—nment as also meer to be esteeâ—ed Suâ—jects of his Kingdom And none are excluded but such as concerning whom Rules are given either to withdraw from them or to cast them â—ut of Church Society or are expresly excluded by God himself from any share in the Prieiledges of his Covenant Psal. 50.16 17. But unto the Wicked God saith What hast thou to do to declare my Statutes or that thou shouldest take my Covenant in thy Mouth Seeing thou hatest instruction and castest my wâ—rds behind thee Advertisement OF the Subject Matter of the Church You may be saâ—isfied farther in a Book lâ—tely Published Intituled Tâ—e true Nature of a Gâ—spel Church and its Government â—y the same Author wherein those following particulars are distinctly handled I. The Subject Matter of the Church II. Formal Cause of a particular Church III. Of the Polity unto or Discipline of the Church in General IV. The Officers of the Church V. The Duty of Pastors of Churches VI. The