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A70894 The life of the Most Reverend Father in God, James Usher, late Lord Arch-Bishop of Armagh, primate and metropolitan of all Ireland with a Collection of three hundred letters between the said Lord Primate and most of the eminentest persons for piety and learning in his time ... / collected and published from original copies under their own hands, by Richard Parr ... Parr, Richard, 1617-1691.; Ussher, James, 1581-1656. Collection of three hundred letters. 1686 (1686) Wing P548; Wing U163; ESTC R1496 625,199 629

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stood in the Church of England at the time of the making this Homily and therefore he has put down the Proem of an Act of Parliament of the fifth and sixth years of Edward the 6th concerning Holy-days by which he would have the Lord's day to stand on no other ground but the Authority of the Church not as enjoyned by Christ or ordained by any of his Apostles Which Statute whosoever shall be pleased to peruse may easily see that this Proem he mentions relates only to Holy days and not to Sundays as you may observe from this passage viz. which holy Works as they may be called God's Service so the times especially appointed for the same are called Holy-days not for the matter or nature either of the time or day c. which title of Holy-days was never applied to Sundays either in a vulgar or legal acceptation And tho the Doctor fancied this Act was in force at the time when this Homily was made and therefore must by no means contradict so sacred an Authority as that of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons assembled in Parliament because this Act tho repealed by Queen Mary he would have to be revived again the first year of Queen Elizabeth and so to stand in force at the time of making this Homily whereas whoever consults our Statute-Book will find that this Statute of King Edward the 6th was not revived nor in force till the first of King James when the Repeal of this Statute was again repealed tho certainly the reviving of that or any other Statute does not make their Proems which are often very carelesly drawn to be in every clause either good Law or Gospel But tho the Doctor in other things abhors the Temporal Powers having any thing to do in matters of Religion yet if it make for his Opinion then the Authority of a Parliament shall be as good as that of a Convocation But I have dwelt too long upon this Head which I could not well contract if I spoke any thing at all to justifie the Lord Primat's Judgment in this so material a Doctrine The next Point that the Doctor lays to the Lord Primat's charge as not according to the Church of England is a passage in a Letter to Dr. Bernard and by him published in the Book intituled The Judgment of the late Primat of Ireland c. viz. That he ever declared his Opinion to be that Episcopus Presbyter gradu tantum differunt non ordine and consequently that in places where Bishops cannot be had the Ordination by Presbyters standeth valid And however saith he I must needs think that the Churches in France who living under a Popish Power and cannot do what they would are more excusable in that defect than those of the Low-Countries that live under a Free-State yet for the testifying my communion with these Churches which I do love and honour as true members of the Church Universal I do profess that with like affection I should receive the blessed Sacrament at the hands of the Dutch Ministers if I were in Holland as I should do at the hands of the French Ministers if I were at Charenton Which Opinion as I cannot deny to have been my Lord Primat's since I find the same written almost verbatim with his own hand dated Nov. 26. 1655 in a private Note-Book not many months before his death with the addition of this clause at the beginning viz. Yet on the other side holding as I do That a Bishop hath Superiority in degree above Presbyters you may easily judg that the Ordination made by such Presbyters as have severed themselves from their Bishops cannot possibly by me be excused from being schismatical And concluding with another clause viz. for the agreement or disagreement in radical and fundamental Doctrines not the consonancy or dissonancy in the particular points of Ecclesiastical Government is with me and I hope with every man that mindeth Peace the rule of adhering to or receding from the Communion of any Church And that the Lord Primate was always of this Opinion I find by another Note of his own hand written in another Book many years before this in these words viz. The intrinsecal power of Ordaining proceedeth not from Jurisdiction but only from Order But a Presbyter hath the same Order in specie with a Bishop Ergo A Presbyter hath equally an intrinsecal power to give Orders and is equal to him in the power of Order the Bishop having no higher degree in respect of intension or extention of the character of Order tho he hath an higher degree i. e. a more eminent place in respect of Authority and Jurisdiction in Spiritual Regiment Again The Papists teach that the confirmation of the Baptized is proper to a Bishop as proceeding from the Episcopal Character as well as Ordination and yet in some cases may be communicated to a Presbyter and much more therefore in regard of the over-ruling Commands of invincible necessity although the right of Baptising was given by Christ's own Commission to the Apostles and their Successors and yet in case of Necessity allowed to Lay-men even so Ordination might be devolved to Presbyters in case of Necessity These passages perhaps may seem to some Men inconsistent with what the Lord Primate hath written in some of his printed Treatises and particularly that of the Original of Episcopacy wherein he proves from Rev. 2. 1. that the Stars there described in our blessed Saviour's right hand to be the Angels of the seven Churches 2. That these Angels were the several Bishops of those Churches and not the whole Colledg of Presbyters as Mr. Brightman would have it 3. Nor has he proved Archbishops less ancient each of these seven Churches being at that time a Metropolis which had several Bishops under it and 4 that these Bishops and Archbishops were ordained by the Apostles as constant permanent Officers in the Church and so in some sort Jure Divino that is in St. Hierom's sence were ordained by the Apostles for the better conferring of Orders and for preventing of Schisms which would otherwise arise among Presbyters if they had been all left equal and independent to each other And that this may very well consist with their being in some cases of Necessity not absolutely necessary in some Churches is proved by the Learned Mr. Mason in his defence of the Ordination of Ministers beyond the Seas where there are no Bishops in which he proves at large against the Papists that make this Objection from their own Schoolmen and Canonists and that tho a Bishop receives a Sacred Office Eminency in Degree and a larger Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction than a Presbyter yet that all these do not confer an absolute distinct Order and yet that Bishops are still Jure Divino that is by the Ordinance of God since they were ordained by the Apostles and whereunto they were directed by God's Holy Spirit and in that sence are the Ordinance of
sanxerunt post istorum quatuor auctoritatem omni manent stabilita vigore quorum gesta in HOC OPERE condita continentur 2. Annotatio 6. principalium Synodorum item Annotatio 19. Synodorum quarum gesta in HOC CODICE continentur This is to be found in Gratian Distinct. 16. Cap. 10. 11. with some Additions at the end Whereof see the Roman Corrections in that place Now seeing in this Catalogue many Councils are reckoned which are not to be found in Isidore's Collection and some also in Isidorus which are not to be found in this Catalogue which seemeth to be the cause why this Catalogue was omitted by Crab as not agreeing to the Collections now extant it appeareth that Annotatio Synodorum quarum gesta in HOC CODICE continentur was translated hither out of some other Collection of Councils not now extant For beside the Book which had the Greek Canons there is no doubt but there were others which contained also the constitutions of the Western Councils One of which was used by Ferrandus who beside Concilium Cellense or Zellense which is the same with Concilium Tilense sub Siricio P. in Isidore and Crab citeth 7 other Councils not now to be found as I suppose Marazense or Marizanense Macrianense Suffetulense Incense Tusduritanum Thenitanum and Septimunicense But to return to the Printed Isidorus There follow there 3. The Epistle of Aurelius to Damasus and of Damasus to Aurelius extant also in Crab and the Copy of your publick Library which Epistles Baronius sheweth ad an 374. § 11. to have been counterfeited by this counterfeit Isidorus 4. Isidorus his Preface which is extant in Crab and the MS. of your publick Library Where he is called Isidorus Mercator for peccator Whereof see the Roman Correct of Gratian Distinct. 16. Cap. 4. and Baronius in Martyrolog Roman April 4. 5. The 50. Canons of the Apostles as they are in your Benett Copy 6. The Decretal Epistles of the Popes from Clemens to Melchiades inclusivè as in order they lie in the former part of the first Tome of the Decretal Epistles set out by the Authority of Sixtus V. at Rome An. 1592. fol. as also in your two Manuscripts 7. The Discourse De Primitivâ Ecclesiâ and Edictum D. Constantini Imperatoris which is the Lewd Donation fathered upon Constantine extant in Crab immediately before the Nicene Council 8. The Nicene Council with a Preface prefixed in your Copy of the publick Library as I remember The Acts of the Nicene Council are more largely set down than in the Printed Copy of Isidore I pray you make a Comparison with your Crab and Write unto me what you find 9. The Canons of Councils from Nicen. I. to Hispalense II. as in your Bennet Copy For in the Copy of the publick Library all this is wanting 10. Concilium Romanum sub Silvestro as in Crab pag. 271. the Counterfeit Epistles of Athanasius and the Aegyptian Bishops to Pope Mark c. in Crab pag. 299 with other Decretal Epistles from Marcus to Gregory the first in whom Isidorus ended his Collection as himself in his Preface signifieth Yet in the end are further added the Epistles of Gregorius Minor Vitalianus Martinus Gregorius III and Zacharias as they were found in the Ancient Copies of this Collection But enough or rather too much now of Isidorus Beside these Ancient Collections there were kept in later times greater Volumes of the Councils containing both Eastern and Western Councils Old and New not much unlike the first Edition of Crab set out at Colon. An. 1538 fol. Such a one have I seen fairly Written with Sr. Robert Cotton and such a one is that which you enquire of in Sr. Thomas Bodley's Library Pag. 34. c. 1. n. 7. Such a one also is that of Lorrain in bibliothecâ Canonicorum Ecclesiae Virdunensis mentioned by Fronto Ducoeus the Jesuit apud Baron An. 811. § 19. And hither do I refer the great Book of the Acts of the Councils of which Petrus de Aliaco about the end of his Book de Reformatione Ecclesiae wisheth care to be had Ut magnus Codex Conciliorum generalium qui modo rarus est saith he licet sit perutilis necessarius à Metropolitanis in magnis Ecclesiis reponeretur And sure a Faithful Record of the Acts of General Councils would be a matter of great moment We have long expected them from the Roman Press Where the good Fathers have been mending them a longer time than Nature requireth for bringing forth an Elephant Anno 1591. or about the Year 1593. at the farthest the Work was under the Press as appeareth by Baronius ad An. 360. § 17. ad An. 431. § 112. Jo. Antonius Petramellarius in his continuation of Onuphrius his Book of Popes and Cardinals set out Anno 1599. signified unto us that the work was Printed pag. 355. But that it was not yet finished Baronius after that maketh known unto us ad An. 787. § 9. 811. § 19. And whether this Birth of theirs as yet hath seen the Light I cannot learn We read in Socrates lib. 1. cap. 5. lib. 2. cap. 11. 13. lib. 3. cap. 21. that one Sabinus a Macedonian Heretick gathered together the Acts of the Councils But it seemeth that Work is perished except that be some abridgement of it which is extant in the Library of the Patriarch of Constantinople and intituled Sabini Monachi Epitome omnium Synodorum as it is in the Catalogue of Constantinople set out by Antonius Verderius in Supplemento Epitomes Gesnerianae But what should we talk of Works which we have no hope to come by J. U. LETTER XI A Letter from Mr. Samuel Ward to Mr. James Usher afterwards Arch-Bishop of Armagh Salutem in Domino plurimam Good Mr. Usher I Received your large Letters c. As you were confirmed in your Opinion touching the Ancient Canonical Code by the Parisian which I sent you So I having long since observed the place of Dionysius Exiguus in his Epistle to the Bishop of Saling which is extant in Casiodorus was glad to see you jump with me which place I much marvel how it escaped our Parisian being a far better Evidence for the Ancient Code than is that of the Council of Chalcedon considering it setteth down exactly the Number of 165 That this Collection of the Council of Nice and the 5 Provincial was before the Council of Constantinople besides your conjecture from the placing of the Provincials after that General of Nice which you make out of Dionysius and is also in the Titles which are in the Greek Canons and in Codex Moguntinus methinks that may probably be gathered out of the 16th Action of the Council of Chalcedon When after that Constantine the Secretary of the Consistory had read the 6th Can. of the Nicene Council out of the Canonical Code which was in the Custody of Aetius the Arch-Deacon which no doubt was the same which is mentioned both in the 4.