other Bishops were subiecte 283. 4. Diuers Archbishops of London numbered 591. 3. Archflamens antiquity 275. 5. Archflamens were called Priests amongst the Gentils 276. 6. Archflamens were the same that PoÌ„tifices Maximi ib. Archflamens and Flamens in Britaine ruled not onely in spirituall but also in temporall affaires 217. 7. All Archflamens and Flamens in Britaine conuerted together with their Cities 270. 5. Archflamens and Flamens for the most part made Bishops after theiâ— Conuersion 217. 7. S. Aristobulus ordained Bishop 92. 1. S. Aristobulus consecrated by diuers Authors before S. Paul 94. 3. S. Aristobulus his death in Britaine by Martyrdome 171. 3. King Arthur descended from Heluius nephew to S. Ioseph of Arimathia 124. 1. Aruiragus King of Britaine 2. 2. 23. 7 Aruiragus put away his wife Voada Sister of Cataracus King of the Scots 132. 3. Aruiragus married Genuesse Claudius his supposed daughter 2. 2. 132. 3. Aruiragus leaues his kingdome to his sonne Marius 2. 2. 132. 3. Aruiragus write a booke in defence of plurality of wiues 132. 2. Aruiragus worshipped the Emperor Claudius as God 132. 2. Aruiragus dedicated a Temple vnto Claudius ib. Aruiragus granted Priuiledges to S. Ioseph of Arimathia 108. 1. 128. 2 Aruiragus was not a Christian conuerted by S. Ioseph 131. 1. c. Aruiragus small beneuolence towardes Christians 132. 2. Aruiragus liberality towards the Pagan Gods ib. Aruiragus in some sense may largely be termed a Christian 134. 7. Aruiragus buried in the Church he builded to Claudius 132. 3. Asclepiodotus Duke of Cornewayle King of Britaine 373. 2. Asclepiodotus slew the RomaÌ„s Captaine Lucius Gallus 375. 4. Asclepiodotus deposed Alectus sent hether against Carausius 373. 2. Asclepiodotus excused by some from any furthering of the Persecution of Dioclesian 451. 2. Asclepiodotus slaine by Coel. 451. 2. Asclepiodotus a Perturber of the Romans 452. 4. Asclepiodotus his death gratefull to the Romans 452. 4. The lenght of Asclepiodotus reigne 376. 5. or 373. 5. S. Athanasius recalled from exile 548. 1. S. Athanasius proued innocent by the Councell of Sardice ib. S. Attila Abbot next to S. Columban in his Monastery of Luxouium 332. 9. Aualonia so called from Aualla in the Brittish toÌ„gue signifying fruits 329. 4. S. Augulus Archbishop of London 94. 4. S. Augulus probably the first Archbishop of London 179. 7. S. Augulus probably sent into Britaine by S. Clement Pope 180. 8. S. Augulus Martyred though not in the Persecution of DioclesiaÌ„ 179. 7. S. Augustine our Apostle of EnglaÌ„d with his Associats was of no other but the old Apostolike Order and Rule that was vsed in S. Gregories Monastery 331. 7. S. Augustins Disciples ioyned in our auncient Brittish Order 332. 9. S. Augustine placed himselfe at Canterbury 210. 4. S. Augustine ordaâ—ned onely tow Bishops ib. S. Augustine did not preuaile so farre as to conuert halfe the Brittish Nation 210. 4. Augustus the Emperour established peace through the whole world 1. 1. Augustus consulteth with Sibilla Tiburtina about being made a God 3. 1. Sibyllas answere 4. 1. Augustus his strange Vision ib. Augustus erected an Altar with this inscription Haec Ara est primogeniti Dei 4. 2. Augustus great esteeme of the Sibils bookes 4. 3. Augustus would not be called Lord and why 5. 3. Augustus answere which he receaued from Pithius Apollo 6. 6. Auitus the second Bishop of Tungers 198. 5. Aulus Plancius the Emperor Claudius his Lieutenante in Britaine conuerted 88. 2. Aurelian the Emperour raiseth the 9. Persecution 391 1. Aurelius Ambrosius renewed the decaied Monasteries of Britaine 601. 6. Aurelius Ambrosius celebrateth the Feast of Pentecost with great solemnitie 601. 7. Aurelius Ambrosius buried in a regall manner ib. Aurelius vid. Marcus Auxentius Bishop of Millan an Arrian 559. 5. B. BAngor a famous Monastery 620. 8. Bangor Monasteries great number of Monkes ib. Bangor Monasteries Monkes deuided into 7. companies vnder 7. Priors 603. 8. The miraculous Banner of Constantine hauing the signe of the Crosse in it 487. 3. S. Barnabas S. Aristobulus brother preached in Italy only by directioÌ„ of S. Peter 63. 1. S. Barnabas sent from the East to Rome to diuulge the comming of Christ 19. 1. Bassianus Seuerus his sonne chosen both King of Britaine and Emperour 370. 2. Bassianus slew his halfe brother Geta chosen by some Romans for Emperour 370. 2. Bassianus brought vp by a Christian Nurse ib. Bassianus accustomed either to weep or turne his face when any Christians were put to death ib. Bassianus innocent of Christian bloude 371. 2. Bassianus causeth innumerable Roman Pagans to be killed ib. Bassianus slaine where and by whome 372. 3. Bassianus married the Sister of the holy Christian Lady Mummea 372. 3. Bassianus left a sonne named Heliogabalus 372. 3. S. Beatus a Britan Apostle of the Heluetians 63. 1. S. Beatus consecrated Preist by Pope Linus ib. S. Benedicte Biscop the first Abbot at Canterbury after those of S. Augustins Mission 333. 9. S. Benedicte went hence to the Monastery of Lirinum thence to Rome and liued among the Roman Monkes ib. S. Benedicte was a Monke of our auncient Brittish Order ib. S. Bernac a holy Abbot 604. 10. S. Bernac renowned at Rome for killing a pestiferous serpent ib. S. Bernac flead from Rome to auoid human applause ib. A Bishop imports as much as an ouerseere or cheife Commander 98. 9. Bishops consecrated with annointing with holy oyle 103. 2. The same Vnction a Sacrament 105. 5. Vsed by the Apostles ib. In this externall ceremony the grace of the Sacrament giuen 104. 3. This Vnction the generall vse both of the Greeke and Latin Church in the first vnspotted dayes of Christianity 105. 4. 190. 5. Bishops function acknowleged by Protestants to be a diuine ordinance 91. 1. Bishops superiority and authority exercised in ordering of Bishops and Ecclesiasticall Ministers by Protestants confession grounded in the word of God 93. 1. No trew Bishops or Preists among Protestants 106. 5. One Bishop in the primitiue Church vsed to preach in diuers Countries 178. 7. All Bishops may appeale to the See Apostolike 344. 2. Bishops not to be iudged 383. 11. or 393. 11. The Bishops of Scotland alwayes trewly consecrated as the Roman vse was 358. 4. Bishops Sees founded in France by S. Peter which are for the most part Archbishops Sees at this time 67. 5. The places and names of diuers auncient Bishoprikes 288. 5. Bishops Sees vnder the Archbishop of London in King Lucius time 292. 9. Bishops Sees vnder Yorke 292. 9. Bishops Sees vnder the Archbishop of Cambria 293. 11. or 263 11. Bishops of Britaine present at the first Nicen Councell 545. 7. Diuers Bishops of Britaine fiue at the lest present at the generall Councell of Sardice 548. 2. The Bishops gathered at the CouÌ„cell of Ariminum refused to be maintained by the Emperor Constantius 551. 1. Bishops of Britaine present at the Councell of Ariminum 551. 1. The Bishops of Britaine sincere faith testified by S. Hilarius 555. 6. The same
Antiq. Brit. p. 3. God wyn conu of Brit. c. 2. p. 10. S. Aug. in quad Ep. apud Auth. supr Henry of Huntington for his opinion as is allready declared The first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury and an other also named such a Bishop will help vs to finde an other in the I le of Glastenburye more auncient then that which was builded there by S. Ioseph of Aramathia and his companions in the yeare of Christ 63. this being then fully and perfectly framed and finished before their coming thither and so found by them absolutely perfected And they cite for their Authour S. Augustine the Apostle of England in a certaine Epistle written by him wherein he saith these holy men A Church at Glastenbury before that builded by S. Ioseph of Aramaâ—hia found at their coming thither a Church builded by no art of man but prepared by God for mans saluation Ecclesiam nulla hominum arte instructam immo humanae saluti adeo paratam repererunt Which is also recorded in the old Antiquities of Glastenbury written vpon parchiment fixed vpon broade bords which cite for the same historiam apud S. Edmundum Augustinum the history at S. Antiq. Gaston M. S. â—abulis fixae ex â—ist apud S. Edmundum S. Augustinum Edmunds and S. Augustines Which we must needes referre to the time of S. Peters preaching heare among other miracles to proue his doctrine by God so miraculously prouided a Church to preach the ghospell and Minister Sacraments in and perhaps a motiue to the Pagan King to graunt licence to S. Ioseph to builde their poore Chappell at Glastenbury and to endowe it with possessions Neither can we thinke this Church so priuiledged by that King to haue bene finished without allowance of S. Peter then present in this kingdome no Bishop being then heare but by his Authoritie or Consecration to dedicate and hallow it And when our Protestant Theater writers with others haue told vs that in diuers places of this kingdome euen in the Court of the Roman Lieurenant and among them his Lady and wife Pomponia Graecia there were many Christians before S. Iosephs coming hither which must needes be the spirituall children of S. Peter we may not make him so carelesse a Father that staÌ„ding in no worse terms with the then king of Britaine and Roman Lieutenant then by circunstances before it appeared he did but he prouided some Oratories or poore Churches either by those Princes permission or not contradiction for them to exercise their sacred Christian Religion in though the iniurie of so manie changes and alterations of gouernements in this kingdome with persecutions and Innouations in Religion haue buried their memories in obliuion and left the certaine knowledge and remembrance of so few vnto vs. And both Catholike Tâ—â—e Christian old Churches in the Ilâ— of â—â—wyâ— and Protestant Historians tell vs of two Miraculous auncient Chappels in the Isle of Iewis Boethius calleth it Leuisa the one dedicated to S. Peter the Apostle the other to his Disciple and Successor S. Clement where if the fire or Holinsh. hist of Scotland l. 4. c. 15 â—ector Boetius descript Scot. f. 14. light by mischance goth forth it is or was wont to be in Catholike times miraculously restored at the Altare No man to my reading writeth of their first founding but their names and dedication together with the Miracle giue no small argument they had some originall in or neare those times when S. Peter and S. Clement preached in this kingdome THE XX. CHAPTER WHEREIN FOR THE BETTER DECERNING of truely consecrated Bishops so many Ecclesiasticall matters depending therevpon is shewed by the Antiquities how these Bishops were heare consecrated in the Apostles time and succeeding Ages 1. HAVING thus set downe some holy Bishops consecrated by S. Peter with Preists and others subordinate vnto them and places wherein they preached practised and professed the first Apostolike Christian doctrine and Religion in this kingdome Order and Methode in Historie call vpon mee next to deliuer in particular so fare as our penury of Antiquities will giue mee leaue what Religion it was especially in points now controuersed which that glorious Apostle by himselfe and those his worthie Disciples taught the Christians of this our Britaine and professed in those and other Churches and places of Christian Assemblies But intending to reserue that labour to the end of euery hundred of yeares or to some other booke a parte to shewe the ReligioÌ„ of our Christian BritaÌ„s in that age in such I will heare onely speake of the Order maÌ„ner of coÌ„secrating Bishops heare in that happy time both because I haue made so late lardge mention of such holy Rulers and our Protestants of England still without exaÌ„ple of any others of these new Religions retayne their names and offices as they suppose as euer to haue bene from the Apostles time most necessary to rule direct and gouerne in the Church of Christ 2. It is the common opinioÌ„ of their Antiquaries that the Britans heare from their first receauing of the faith of Christ in the time of the Apostles neuer altered or chaunged it in any one essentiall thing at the least vntill the coming of S. Augustine hither in the later end of the sixt hundred yeare of Christ Then much more must we affirme by these men that the essentiall things in the consecration of true and lawfull Bishops vpon which all other depended were neuer chaunged otherwise the chaunge and alteration in these vnchangeable and vnalterable affaires had bene contrary to these mens assertions too greate and intollerable Then we reade in a very old Manuscript Capgraue to follow two Protestant Bishops with many others that Io. Bal. l. de Scrip. Cent. 1. in Asaph Godwin Catal. of Bishops in cod Asaph Pits l. de vir Illustr in eod S. Asaph in vit S. Kenteg M. S. Antiq. in eodem Io. Capgrau in S. Kentegerno Episcop Confess S. Asaph did write the life of S. Kentegern and dyed aboue a thowsand yeares since that when S. Kentegern vas consecrated Bishop allmost by these Authours 1200. yeares agoe Mos in Britannia inoluerat in consecratione Pontificum tantummodo capita eorum Sacri Chrismatis infusione perungere cum inuocatione Sancti Spiritus benedictione manus impositione Insulani enim quasi extra orbem positi emergentibus Paganorum infestationibus Canonum erant ignari Ecclesiastica ideo censura ipsis condescendens excusationem illorum admittit in hac parte A custome was growne of long time in Britaine in the consecration of Bishops to annoint their heads with infusion of holy Chrisme with inuocation of the holy ghost and benediction and imposition of hands For the Ilanders being as it were placed out of the world by often Infestations of Pagans were ignorant of the Canons And therefore the Ecclesiasticall Censure condesceÌ„ding vnto them admitteth their excuse in this point And immediately before this maÌ„ner
world but by that office and priuiledge gaue chardge to those that were in the Easte to doe the same And there setteth downe what Order S. Peter Epist r. supra and the other Apostles tooke for setting of Patriarks or Primats in the cheife Cities where in the Pagans time their Archflamens were and cheifest Doctours Archbishops for their lesse cheife Flamens and Bishops in the other ordinary Cities And what was appointed him by S. Peter and he promised Matt. Westm an 94. Protest not ib. Francisc Belleforest hist Gall. Francisc Feuâ—ardentius in lib. 1. Iren. cap. 3. Anton. Democh. cont Calum Guliel Eisengr ceÌ„t in his behalfe that he effectually performed as into France which he named with other kingdomes of his chardge before he sent S. Denys Nicasius Taurinus Trophimus Regulus Paulus Saturninus Astroniomus Martialis Gratianus Iulianus Lucianus Firmius Photinus with others and the places whether he directed them are for the most part Archbishop Sees to this day Therefore we cannot doubt but eytheâ— S. Clement did well knowe that this kingdome of Britaine was yet prouided of such Apostolike men still liuing from S. Peters establishing them heare or els sending so many into our next neighboring Countrie he remembred Britaine in the same or like measure especially seeing it is euidently his owne words that he had a greater care of Britaine accompted a rude and barbarous Countrie at that time and among such reputed by S. Clement and so distinguished by that note from Italy Spaine France and Germany by him where recompting them he addeth that into those Nations that be more rude or barbarous he must send more wise and Clem. supr Ep. 1. austiere Bishops or preachers then into the other Ciuill Nations Vbi autem ferociores rebelliores gentes esse cognouerimus illuc dirigere sapientiores austeriores necessè habemus qui quotidie non cessent diuina seminare semina multos Christo lucrari ad rectam fidem viam veritatis perducere And this the rather Anaclet Epist 3. because he setteth downe the Apostles Order which he was to followe to Primats and Archbishops by S. Peter and S. Clement their order heare in Britaine besides other Biâ—hops constitute Primats where the Pagans had their cheife Archflamens as he did in France and his immediate Successour S. Anacletus as he himselfe and diuers others testifie did write a booke or Cataloge he calleth it a Tome of the names of the Cities both in Britaine and other places where such were to be resident and this according to the prescript and practise of S. Peter and S. Clement Episcoporum ordo vnus est licet sint Primates illi qui primas Ciuitates tenent Illi autem qui in Metropoli à beato Petro Apostolo ordinante Domino Girald Cambr. l. 2. de Iure Metrop Eccl. Meneuen ad Innoc. 3. Ioa. Pris defeÌ„s hist Britan. p. 73. 74. Matt. Park antiq Brit. p. 24. Werner Rolwinck in Fascic an Dom. 94. Harris descript of Brit. Harris Hist Manus l. 1. Godwin Catal. Yorke Parlm 1. Marian. Scot. l. 2 aetat 6. Method apud eund ib. Martyr Rom. die 11. Aug. Vsuard eod die Petr. de Natal l. 4. Vincent l. 11. à praedecessore nostro praedicto sancto Clemente seu a nobis constituti sunt non omnes Primates vel Patriarchae esse possunt sed illae vrbes quae praefatis priscis temporibus Primatum tenuere Patriarcharum aut Primatum vtantur nominibus quiahaec eadeÌ„ leges saeculi in suis contineÌ„t Principibus aliae auteÌ„ primae Ciuitates quas vobis conscriptas in quodam Tomo mittimus à sanctis Apostolis à beato Clemente siue à nobis Primates praedicatores acceperunt And according to this Cataloge or Tome of S. Peter S. Clement and S. Anacletus iuxta Tomum Anacleti ex Anacleto huius Insulae diuisionem Canterbury London Caerlegion Yorke and Alba in Scotland by some taken to be the Citie now called S. Andrewes vrbs Legionum Cantuaria Londonia Eboraca Alba vnde Albania prouincia were designed Sees of such Primats as Giraldus Cambrensis in his second booke to Pope Innocentius the third Sir Ihon Prise Matthew Parker the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury with others testifie 7. Therefore seeing he plainely writeth that some of these Cities euen in Britaine had receaued such Primats from S. Peter or himselfe and we finde it witnessed by many that one S. Taurinus sent by S. Clement was Archbishop or Primate of Yorke which is one of the Sees remembred for such both by S. Peter S. Clement and S. Anacletus we may not vtterly deny that he was our first Primate in that Citie And if he was the same which was Bishop of Eureux in France sent by S. Clement as diuers hold being vsuall in that time as Methodius Marianus and others teach for one Bishop S. Taurinê° thought by some the first Archbishop of yorke and sente by S. Clement to preach in diuers places and Countryes he liued long much propagated the faith of Christ was renowned for Miracles he wrought as the auncient Roman Martirologe with others giue euidence Euangelij praedicatione Christianam fidem propagauit ac multis pro ea susceptis laboribus miraculorum gloria conspicuus obdormiuit in Domino But whereas some say and Harris supr l. 1. Matth. Westm an gratiae 115. Hector Boeth Scotor hist l. 5. for 76. 77. 78. alledge S. Antoninus for Authour that this S. Taurinus did raise from death a daughter of Lucius King of Britaine filiam Lucij Legis Britanniae a morte suscitauit I cannot be of that opinion for first Lucius our Christian King was not borne vntill the yeare of Christ 115. and we doe not reade of any daughter or child he had And though Lucius Antenous the Roman Prefect did as some write prescribe lawes heare and in that respect might S. Antoninus mistaken by some for writing S. Tauriâ—â—â— raised from 〈◊〉 a daughter 〈◊〉 â—ius King in 〈◊〉 be called King and liued in Yorke in the time of Adrian the Emperour and so both his name Title the place and time might well agree that S. Taurinus might there raise his daughter to life if he had any which died there being so Miraculous a man miraculorum gloria conspicuus Yet this could not be that Miracle which S. Antoninus speaketh of for in that very place which is cited for the raising of the daughter of King Lucius of Britaine he hath no such thing not once naming any Britaine much lesse any King of Britaine but plainely saith that the Father of that daughter which S. Taurinus raised from death to life was Lucius ciuis Ebroicensis Lucius a Citizen Francis Godwin Cat. of Bishops Yorke 1. of Eureux which is in France and farre from our Eboracum Yorke in Britaine Where as a Protestant Bishop writeth It is reported that Constantius Chlorus the Emperour appointed Taurinus Bishop
addeth all these workes Eugeny confirmed Then if Pope Eugenius or Harding Chron. f. 43. c. 51. Higinius confirmed and allowed these affaires and proceedings we must needs yeeld they were in a greate forwardnes in this his time No man can reasonably say that the name Eugeny is mistaken for Eleutherius for there is no proportion betweene those two names for any Authour Scribe or Printer to commit so greate an error especially no man correcting it as an escape in writing and to assure vs heareof the same Authour maketh mention in Hard. supr the same Page both of Eleutherius calling him by our English phrase Eleuthery and Higinius by the same manner of our languadge naming him as before Eugeny which confirmed these things And it is no maruaile or any singular thing but vsuall and the ordinary common course for Popes to giue such order before hand how things shall be setled when there is such hope of happy proceedings and Apostolike men taking the chardge in hand as heare it was at this time if God shall so cooperate with their labours and to proceede otherwise is to worke without warrant and Authoritie So S. Paul writeth to S. Titus that he had left him in Crete to constitute Bishops or Preists in euery Citie yet it would be greate and vnwarranted boldnes to say that S. Titus profited there so much in his time to make and ordaine so many Preists or Epist Pauli ad Tit. cap. 1. Bishops there for we are told by Homer Strabo liuing about S. Pauls time and others that there were an hundred Cities in Crete and there vpon it was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the I le of an hundred Cities in Homers time Poeta aetate sua Cretam Strabo Geograp l. 10. p. 338. Homet Odyff 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 id est centum vrbibus instructam esse inquit So when S. Peter sent any Apostolike man or men into any Nation he gaue him direction and warrant where to constitute Bishops so did the other Apostles so did the Popes of Rome in this last Age in the Conuersion of America other Countryes and for this our Britaine I haue proued before that S. Anacletus euen by the order of the Apostles gaue direction and made a litle booke setting downe therein where Pirmats and others were to be resident and this when there was lesse hope of our Britans Conuersion then now and no such successe therein 4. Thus it was also in the time of S. Augustine when he was sent hither by S. Gregory to the Saxons He sent him his Archiepispopall Pall to be Archbishop of London yet he seated himselfe after by warrant at Canterbury and gaue him power to send an Archbishop to Yorke if that Country should receaue Greg. Epist ad August Bed Eccles Hist Gent. Angl. l. 1. c. 29. the Christian faith and he would send him an Archiepispopall Pall and that See should haue Bishops vnder it and be a Metropolitan See Ad Eboracum vero ciuitatem te volumus Episcopum mittere quem ipse iudicaueris ordinare ita du ntaxat vt si eadem ciuitas cum finitimis locis verbum Dei receperit ipse quoque duodecim Episcopos ordinet Metropolitani honore perfruatur Quia ei quoque si vita comes fuerit Pallium tribuere Domino fauente disponimus And yet it is certaine that S. Augustine in his time neuer sent Archbishop to Yorke neither did he make aboue two Bishops in his owne Prouince S. Mellitus at London and S. Iustus at Rochester Neither did S. Gregory liue to send a Pall to any Archbishop of Yòrke or see any there Neither euer had that See since the Saxons time twelue or halfe twelue Bishops vnder it Neither did S. Augustine who receaued this warrant for all the Saxons preuaild so farre nor all that came with him or after him from Rome to conuert halfe the English Nation but farre the greater part of them was conuerted by holy Bishops Preists Religious men which were of our auncient Hierarchiall Brittish succession and order heare And allthough I doe not finde it expressely affirmed in any Antiquarie but Harding that S. Higinius now Pope did so particularly giue assistance and direction in this busines of our Britains Conuersion yet many very auncient and renowned Writers giue such testimonie herein that we must needs graunt that to be most true which Harding affirmeth and that after coming Scribes and Copiers of their Histories haue done the Authours wronge by their negligence or ignorance in writing one man for another Eleutherius for Higinius For among others S. Bede as he is extant saith that King Lucius of Britaine did write to the Pope of Rome in the yeare Bed Eccl. Hist l. 1. c. 4. of the Incarnation of our Lord 156. anno ab Incarnatione Domini centesimo quinquagesima sexto that by his order or command he might be a Christian Obsecrans vt per eius mandatum Christianus efficeretur The Manuscript Antiquities of the Church of Landaffe more auncient in probable Iudgment then S. Bede Antiq. M. S. Eccles Landaffen Galfr. Monum Hist Reg. Brit. l. 5. c. 1. Hist Brut. Stowe Hist in Lucius Caius Anti. Cātabr l. 1. p. 107. M. S. ant and written by a Brittan which should not be ignorant in that the greatest busines of his Country giueth the same testimonie of the same yeare anno ab Incarnatione Domini 156. The auncient Authour of the Brittish Historie also a Brittan maketh King Lucius a Christian in and before this yeare 156. in direct termes So testifieth the old Historie called Brutus auncient Records belonging to the Guildehall in London the Antiquities of S. Edwards Lawe◠Goceline in the life of S. Augustine so writeth Nauclerus and diuers auncient Manuscript Antiquities which I haue seene Therefore to saue so many auncient and worthie Authours and their Scribes from a double error both of the time and name of the Pope to whome King Lucius did now write we must needs lay this single taxe vpon such as haue Transcribed their Histories that they did mistake the name of the Pope writing Eleutherius for Higinius And this they were more easily drawne vnto because they found that Pope Eleutherius was a greate Agent in the generall Conuersion of this Nation which was long after this time and their Scribes are more excusable in this point And this by their leaue we must say or els both wander from the proued truth of this Historie and lay a double imputation of mistaking vpon these Authours or their Transcribers For it is euident by all Antiquities that S. Eleutherius was not Pope many yeares after this time which they must contradict if they will maintaine their mistaking And where they say that King Lucius wrote to the Pope of Rome in this yeare they must recall that and say he wrote then to no Pope for Eleutherius was not Pope vntill long after King
dedicated vnto them which were changed into Christian Churches Leland writeth that King Lucius built a new Church in the Castle of Douer and citeth the Annals thereof for warrant Io. Leland assert Arthurij c. 7. Annal Duren ibid. Will. Lambard peramb. of Kent p. 158. Iacob Genuen Epis in Vita S. Aug. Cantuar. Archiep. Capgr Catal. in eodem Tradunt Annales Dorensis Caenobij Lucium Regem Britannorum Christianum Ecclesiam Seruatori suo in Durensi Castro consecrasse William Lambard the Antiquarie of that Country also saith King Lucius builded a Church within Douer Castle Iacobus Genuēsis Bishop of Genua Capgraue and others writeth of an old Church at Compton in warwicke shire carrying argument of foundation in that time The Authour saith it was a Parish Church and had such a Preist for the Pastor thereof receauing Tithes hundred of yeares before S. Augustine time which if it were so we may make coniecture of an vnsearchable number in the same condition Which our Antiquities sufficiently confirme before teaching that the Temples of all the Gods of the Gentils which were in all parts of Britaine were changed into Christian Churches And Anacletus apud Rob. Barnes in Vit. Pont. in eod our Protestants tell vs it was the old Decree of Pope Anacletus which these Legats of the Pope would not transgresse that as Bishops were to be in cheife Cities so they should appoint Preists in Castles Townes and Villages binding them to Residencie there Ne Episcoporum dignitati derogaretur in egregijs tantum vrbibus Episcopos constituendos censuit Presbiteros verò ab Episcopis in Castellis Pagis ac Villis constituendos esse ea lege vt inibi vitae suae spacium transigerent Which to haue bene obserued in this Conuersion the multitude of Bed Hist Galfr. Mat. Westm alij in Diocles Churches destroied heare by Dioclesian within an hundred yeares after sufficiently declareth 5. And we finde in Antiquitie that in this very time of King Lucius besides the Cathedrall Churches in the greate Cities there were others also builded in them as namely Glocester Worchester Caerlegion and others for we reade of diuers kindes of Churches in them all both Cathedrall and others King Lucius was buried at Glocester in the Church of the cheife Order in Ecclesia primae sedis The same distinction is giuen for Winchester which necessarily Galfr. Monum Hist l. 5. c. 1. Mat. Westm an 201. Galfr. l. 8. c. 17. l. 9 c. 12. Bed Mat. supr inferreth other Churches or a Church in eyther of them of inferious Order For the word first proueth a second for the Inferiour Churches besides the Cathedrall in Caerlegion they are remembred in Histories So of other Cities not inferiour vnto these Glocester being then but a new and no greate Citie We may finde others as at Abington in Oxfordshire Ambsbury in Wilshire Cambridge Stamford and other places to be remembred hereafter where to haue bene Christian Churches in that time there is still sufficient Argument and Euidence left vnto vs. And the Pagan Temples being throughout the whole kingdome and now with their Reuenewes encreased by King Lucius and changed into Churches dedicated to Christ and his Saints as before is proued euidently conuinceth these to haue bene more honorable and as generally in all places and so not to be numbred as the others were and all this alteration made by King Lucius with the direction and Order of the Roman Legats S. Phaganus and S. Damianus And this is that which our old Manuscript Annals of Landaffe with other Antiquities testifie that our Ecclesiasticall Hierarchie was setled Bishops ordayned and the Rule of well liuing taught in Britaine according to the commande and direction of Pope Eleutherius secundum Antiquitates Manuscr Eccles Landauen Iussum be ati Eleutherij Papae Ecclesiasticum ordinem constituit Episcopos ordinauit benè viuendi normam docuit And to prouide aswell for the continuall maintenance and repayre of the house of God at the first founding and building thereof those auncient Schooles Colledges or Vniuersities of this kingdome which all now had receaued the faith and Religion of Christ and so were to be as Seminaries and Mothers of Christian Diuinitie and holy learning for preseruation and Vpholding of Gods Church King Lucius endowed with greate Priuiledges and Immunities that they might more quietly and diligently employ themselues to their so profitable and holy studies 6. This his Charter of priuiledge to the Vniuersitie of Cambridge the Antiquaries thereof proue by diuers auncient Testimonies the Bull of Pope Honorius Bulla Honorij Papae ann 624. Charta Regis Cadwalladri An. 685. Charta Regis Arthuri an 531. die 7. Apr. apud Caium l. 1. de Antiq. accad Cantabrig 1000. yeares since the Charter of King Cadwalladrus and King Arthur long before wherein is contayned that he granted to the Vniuersitie of Cambridge as King Lucius with other Kings had done before to be free from all publike Vectigals and Burthens that they might more quietly and freely attend their studies consilio assensu omnium singulorum Pontificum Principum istius Regni Licentia sedis Apostolicae statuo praesenti scripto firmiter decerno vt Ciuitas Scholarium praedicta vbi hactenùs splendorem scientiae lumē doctrinae gratia fauente Conditoris mei Praedecessores acceperunt à publicis vectigalibus operibus onerosis absoluantur vt quietudine Doctores inibi Scholares valeant doctrinae studio inhaerere sicut gloriosus Rex Britanniae decreuit The like I may Ioan. Harding Chron. c. 25. f. 22. Io. Rosse Histor Manuscript Io. Caius Apol. accad Cant. de Antiq. l. 1. William Harrison Descr of Britaine c. ◠Tit. of Vniuersities pag. 146. Stowe Hist in Bladud Bal. praefat in lib. de Script Twyn l. de Ant. Oxon. Harrison supr Harris Manuscr Hist Grafton Chron. Bal. l. de Script Brit. cent 1. in Congello Bannachorren Galft Mon. Hist Brit. l. 11. c. 12. Matth. Westm an 603. Io. Bal. Praef. in l. de Scri. Brit. Galfi Mon. Hist Brit. l. 9. c. 12. Galft Mon. Hist lib. 4. c. 19. Matt. West an 185. King Lucius founded diuers Monasteries both of men and women affirme of Stamford which from the time of King Bladud vntill it was interdicted by S. Gregory Pope for Pelagian Heresie continued an Vniuersitie So of Glamorgan clayming but a litle later Originall Greekelade and Lichelade of such Antiquitie Bellisitum now Oxford as it pleadeth Theodford where as a Protestant Antiquarie boldly writeth there were 600. students in auncient times and others not so well remembred To all which now conuerted to the faith of Christ and trayning vp spirituall souldiers for the defence Profession and maintenance thereof we haue sufficient grounds before to affirme King Lucius gaue the like priuiledges as vnto Cambridge one and the same reason being for all And yet besides these which he found founded before he himselfe
cōuerted to Christ to be directed by him in his ciuill Lawes had receaued an hallowed Crowne and warrāt and Limits of his kingdome from him was as carefull and sollicitous to haue all things now effected to be approued and confirmed by the same highest spirituall Papall Power and Authoritie which as he well knew by the Testimonies of diuers Popes holy Saints and Martyrs before as our Protestants haue acknowledged was instituted and ordained by Christ himselfe as a Rule and direction to all other members of his Catholike Church And therefore when it could otherwise be no Polecy or pleasure to our holy King to spare from hence so long a time the Legats he had so much desired no ease to them now old and weryed in Labors to trauaile to Rome and returne hither againe nor expedient for a new conuerted kingdome to want the Apostles and conuerters thereof so soone before it was perfectly setled in the Religion it had receaued by them but very dangerous to them all in respect of the Roman state so Ieleous and violent an enemy to diuers things now thus to be confirmed against their challendg and claime at that time for the kingdome either to haue incited or allowed that Iorney and confirmation or the Legats to haue vndertaken it with so much trouble hazard and perill had it bene either a needlesse or meere voluntarie and no necessarie busines was in so many and worthie parsons the greatest madnes could de deuised 2. And yet our Antiquities assuer vs our Ecclesiasticall state and affaires were thus confirmed and all things accompted as vncertaine vntill such confirmation was procured and obtayned The old Brittish Historie Virunnius Matthew of Westminster with many others both Manuscripts and printed Antiquaries Galfr. Monum Hist Reg. Brit. l. 4. c. 20. vlt. Pont. Vir. l. 4. in fine Matth. Westm an gratiae 186. Masnuscr Hist antiq in Luci. tell vs Beati Antistites Faganus Deruuianus Romam reuersi quae fecerant impetrauerunt à Papa beatissimo confirmari The blessed Bishops Faganus and Deruuianus returning againe to Rome obtayned to haue the things which they had done to be confirmed by the most blessed Pope Where we see that the Pope by petition and proofe made vnto him of the orderly and Religeous proceedings of his Legats in Britaine confirmed what they had done heare What that was in founding the Church of Christ in this kingdome I haue mentioned before all which was now confirmed by the Pope himselfe And if a generall confirmation will not confirme and conforme vs in this truth let vs resorte for the most questionable things to those particulars which cheife Protestants with others haue deliuered and warranted before out of our generally binding and receaued auncient Lawes and Pope Eleutherius owne writings in which we often finde Lucius to be adiudged King of Britaine and the kingdome of Britaine to be his kingdome And yet many Historians Italians Epist Pape Eleutherij supr leg S. Edwardi apud Plur. Authores Baron Tom. 2. Annal. in Eleut Hect. Boet. Scot. Hist l. 5. f. 83. Godwin Cōuers of Brit. p. 22. Scots English Catholiks and Protestants haue doubted thereof Baronius would haue him if any at all but a pety King Hector Boethius alloweth him but a King by courtesie Lucius Britonibus Caesaris beneuolentia authoritate imperitabat A Protestant Bishop thus disputeth it It is made a doubt and not without good cause whether euer there could be any such King as Lucius or no. In this very season that is appointed by our writers to the Reigne of Lucius the Romans possessed Britaine quietly as may appeare by all the Roman writers to wit during the times of M. Antoninus and Commodus and long after this Britaine was wholly subdued vnto the Romans and brought vnder the forme of a Prouince to wit in the time of Domitian as W. Malmesbury hath deliuered and amongst later writers two men of greate iudgment Baronius and Maister Camden which is partly confirmed by Tacitus deliuering that a great part of it was reduced into the forme of a Prouince as a foresaid in the time of Claudius These things being so how should a King haue any Gouernment heare Thus this Protestant Bishop and Antiquarie What force is in his allegations I haue sufficiently said for the honour of this kingdome in other places But in this case and question if we allowe him all for truth both he and we thereby are necessitated to allowe so much the greater prerogatiue and power to Pope Eleutherius the Pope of Rome to haue Authoritie in cases doubtfull or where a kingdome or true Heire is by violence oppressed to declare a true lawfull and vndoubted King as this Pope in this Act did by our King Lucius and this kingdome which with all others this Protestant Bishop himselfe acknowledgeth per consilium Regni vestri sume legem per illam Dei patientiâ vestrum Reges Britanniae Regnum Vicarius Dei Epist Eleutherij apud Godw. sup p. 30. 31. Matth. Parker Antiq. Brit. p. 5. Foxe to 1. Act. Guliel Lamb. in Legib. S. Edwardi Stow Hist in Eleuth Leges S. Edwardi cap. 17. apud Gul. Lamb. l. de Legib. Priscis f. 130. estis in Regno Gentes Regni Britanniae populi vestri sunt Where notwithstanding any clayme or Title the Romans at that time did or could make to Britaine or any part thereof King Lucius is by Pope Eleutherius openly pronounced and declared to be King of Britaine and all the people and Nations of Britaine to be his people and subiects And for further confirmation and proofe heareof he did expressely declare as our publike Lawes still witnesse that all this kingdome or I le of Britaine was his kingdome as also all the Ilands vnto Norway and Denmarke belonged to the Crowne of this his kingdome Vniuersa terra tota Insulae omnes vsque Norwegiam vsque Daciam petinent ad coronam regni eius And to secure King Lucius herein he sent him as King of the Britans an hallowed Crowne to weare as King of all these remembred Dominions Tales metas fines constituit imposuit coronae regni Dominus Eleutherius Papa sententia sua qui destinauit coronam benedictam Britanniae Christianitatem Deo inspirante Lucio Regi Britonum How this holy Pope did giue direction and instruction to this King about his Lawes I haue said before as also of the former more at lardge So likewise of the setling three Archbishops in the three named places with Bishops vnder them which was long before S. Eleutherius time decreed by other Popes and from the Apostles and so needed litle confirmation being by Apostolike Order long before instituted 3. Yet this being a cheife and principall thing in setling our Church affaires by the holy Legats it was by the same euidence as carefully and principally confirmed by this holy Pope and so was obserued throughout this kingdome vpon
hauing no other sonne but him as Historians agree Calphurnius ex Couchessa S. Martini Turonensis sorore vnicum concepit filium S. Patricium but an other whose name I doe not finde particularly neither what his Father was called in any Writter but onely that he was so Noble that he is stiled Rex a King and his sonne saint Ninian regali ex prosapia Ninianus extitit oriundus discended by his Brittish Parents of Regall Race Who when he was very young cum annos pueriles transegisset contemning all worldly things went on Pilgrimage to Rome where the Pope which then was saint Siluester as it will shew by the time hereafter committed him to be instructed in holy learning and Religion to chosen Tutors in such things he continued in these sacred Studies at Rome diuers yeares vntill he was perfectly there indued with the knowledge of Christian Mysteries Erat Romae regulariter fidem mysteria veritatis edoctus Bed Hist l. 3. cap. 4. as saint Bede writeth of him and by the old Writer of his life he continued there many yeares in these sacred Studies and worthie Conuersation and perfect pietie that the Pope hearing there were some people in the West parts of Britaine the Pictish Nation which had not yet receaued the faith of Christ consecrated him Bishop and sent him for their Apostle vnto them pluribus annis in vrbe laudabiliter conuersatus in sacris Scripturis sufficienter eruditus ad virtutum summa prouehitur pennis charitatis subuectus ad caelestia contemplanda sustollitur Audiens deinde Pontifex Romanus quosdam in Occidujs Britanniae partibus necdum fidem Christi suscepisse ad Episcopatus gradū Ninianum consecrauit praemissae genti data benedictione Apostolum destinauit This old Writer of sainct Ninian his life saith that in his returne from Rome towards his Country of Britaine greately desiring to visit saint Martine his Vncle by some before he went to the Citie of Tours and was honorably entertained by him knowing by diuine reuelation the worthinesse of his holy Nephew and how he should happily procure the saluation of many Rediens autem vir Dei ab vrbe actus desiderio videndi sanctum Martinum Episcopum ad Ciuitatem Turonensem iter diuertit Quem sanctus Martinus honorificè suscipiens eum à Deo sanctificatum multorum saluti profuturum Deo reuelante cognouit 5. But whereas this Antiquitie calleth S. Martin thē a Bishop it may be questioned Bed Eccl. Hist l. 3. c. 4. Alred in vit S. Ninian Guliel Malmes l. 3. de gest Pont. Angl. Henric. Hunt Hist l. 3. Capgrau in S. Ninian Hect. Boeth Histor Scot. l. 7. Io. Bal. cent 1. in Nin. Bernic Io. Pits l. de vir Illustrib aetat 5. in S. Nin. Nichol. Fitzherbert l. de Antiq. Cath. Relig. in Anglia whether S. Martin was then at that time a Bishop there or that it so calleth him because not long after he was Bishop for it partly appeareth already and will more hereafter that by our owne Histories S. Niniā was come a Bishop into Britaine before such time as by forreine Authors S. Martin was Bishop of Tours Cōming into Britaine saith this old Author he was entertained with greate applause cōcourse of people as a Prophet cū ad locū Legationis suae venisset magnus populorū fit cōcursus ingens cūctis laetitia mira deuotio laus quoque vbique resonat Christi quoniā sicut Prophetū eum habebāt So the Popes Legates were honoured in Britaine in those dayes that this holy Legate did cōuert those Picts which were thē in Britaine called cōmonly the south Picts the Northrē Picts cōming hither afterward lōg after this cōuerted to the faith of Christ it is the cōmon consent of all our Antiquaries aūcient later after S. Bede Catholiks or Protestāts Australes Picti relicto errore Idololatriae fidē veritatis acceperunt praedicāte eis verbum Nyma Episcopo reuerendissimo sanctissimo Viro de natione Britonū qui erat Romae regulariter fidem mysteria veritatis edoctus Thus sainct Bede diuers more The old Manuscript of saint Ninian his life Capgraue and others doe more particularly deliuer the manner order of conuerting that people by saint Ninian not onely by holy preaching but many and strange miracles he wrought in curing the blinde lame Lepers and uexed with wicked spirits raysing those which were dead to life ordaining consecrating Bishops Preists other Cleargy mē diuiding the Coūtry into Parishes cōmitting thē to their cure charge Sāctus Ninianus Australes Pictos quibus adhuc error Gētilis inhaerēs Idola venerari ac colere cōpellebat aggrediēs Euāgelij veritatē sequentibus signis praedicabat Caeci vident claudi ambulant leprosi mundantur surdi audiūt mortui resurgūt oppressi à daemonibus liberātur Sicque fides suscipitur error abdicatur destructis tēplis Ecclesiae erigūtur currūt ad salutis lauachrū diuites pauperes gratias Deo agunt in Insulis quae procul sunt habitantes ordinauit Presbyteros Episcopos consecrauit totam terram per certas Parochias diuisit confirmatis in fide omnibus By which testimony that euen the Inhabitants in the Ilands out of greate Britaine were conuerted and all confirmed in the faith we take notice that not onely Picts which were their in this Britaine but such also as liued in the out Ilands thereof were by saint Ninian and his holy Assistants then conuerted And his commission before from the Pope of Rome to preach vnto all in those parts without limitation which had not receaued then the saith of Christ will giue proofe vnto it for so it extended vnto all Pagan◠in our West Countries whether Picts Scots Britans or of what Nation soeuer in those places Wherevpon diuers and among them some Protestant Antiquaries are bold to write that not onely the Picts were instructed and first conuerted by him but diuers others both Scots Britans did by him receaue the Christian Roman Religion or confirmation therein Ninianus Bernicius Io. Bal. l. de Script Britancent 1. in Niniano Bernicio Hect. Boeth Scotor Hist lib. 7. fol. 119. ex Regio Britannorum sanguine procreatus Italiam adhuc adolescens literarum studio petijt Romae apud diuini verbi ministros mysteria verit atis edoctus ad plenum celer in patriam remigrabat Vbi Magister Paedonomus non vulgaris concreditum à Deo talentum per Britannorū Scotorum Australiūque Pictorum terras latissimè profudit Huius pia industria Picti primum relicto Idololatriae cultu veram Christi fidem percepere And for those holy labors was in Catholike times as our Histories testifie by all through out all Britaine reuerenced by the Title of the Doctor and Instructor of the Scots Picts and Britans Scotorum Pictorum Britonumque Doctor Paedonomus non vulgaris eo nomine omnibus qui Albionem incolunt vel hac nostra
reigned among them Which our English Protestant Bishops in their Theater coÌ„firme in this maÌ„ner It is certaine that the Britans were with the first Conuerts And Tertullian who liued within 200. yeares of Christs Natiuitie sheweth no lesse who the more to prouoke the Iewes against whom he wrote calleth to witnesse the fruitefull increase of the Ghospell Tertullian contr Iudaeos cap. 7. Petr. Cluniacen ad Bernard of saluation through many Contries and Nations and among them nameth the Britans to haue receaued the word of life The power whereof saith he hath peirced into those parts whether the Romans could not come Whence Petrus Cluniacensis supposeth the Scottish men the more auncient Christians 7. The like haue other Protestants and those their cited Authours which The NorthreÌ„ Brittans receaued the faith â—yther by S. Mansuetus or some other disciples of S. Pâ—tâ—r about this tyme. cannot be otherwise verified but applying this preaching of the faith of Christ vnto those NorthreÌ„ Britans either by this their holy Contriman saint Mansuetus the first Bishop we can finde of this kingdome or some other Associete of his sent hither at or about that time by the same holy Apostle S. Peter For in all other respects whether we speake of the Brittish Christians here in the time of Claudius or Nero of which these Protestants will tell vs Hector Boeth hist Scot. Georg. Buch. rer Scoticar l. 4. Rege 27. Holinsh hâ—stor of Scotland in Donaldus Hâ—ris descript of Britans Stowe Howes hist Theater of Brit. l. 6. Matth. west an 209. 198. and others more hereafter or the cominge of sainct Ioseph of Aramathia and his Religious Companions into this kingdome in the dayes of Nero or the generall Conuersion of the kingdome of Britaine vnto the Trenches of Seuerus in the time of King Lucius by Pope Eleutherius all these were longe before the Conuersion of the Scots in the time of their King Donaldus either by Pope Victor or Zepherinus as Harison rather supposeth the first time which is assined by any being in the 203. yeare of Christ and if it was vnder Pope Zepherine it was after that time for he was not chosen Pope vntill the yeare 209. before which time or the beginning it selfe of the Papacy of saint Victor which was in the yeare 198. this our Britaine on this side the remembred diuision had generally and publikly receaued the faith of Christ And the very words of Tertullian liuing and dying before this Conuersion of Scotland within the first two hundred yeares by these Protestants before and writing that his booke aduersus Iudaeos longe before and yet saying that the places of Britaine which the Romans could neuer conquere or come vnto Britannorum Romanis inaccessa loca did acknowledge Christ and his name did reigne in them before he wrote doe manifestly conuince it to be so For Tertullian liuing and writing in Afrike could not possibly take notice of things done here in an Iland so farre of presently after they were first effected and by no meanes could either he or any other writer speake of things done so longe after truely to repart them done so longe before If he had bene the greatest Prophet that euer was Therefore both the Testimony of him and Peter Cluniacensis also must needs to be true haue relation to these dayes of sainct Mansuetus and his Associats or others liuing in those times and sent hither by sainct Peter Or els how can we allowe and commend the spirituall loue and charitie of sainct Peter that most glorious Apostle whom we may not controle or of this holy sainct our Contryman made Preist and Bishop by him to this his most beloued contry if he had continually stayed at Tullum so farre hence or there abouts neuer coming hither to releeue the extreame spirituall needs distresses and miseries of this his natiue contry except others were then assigned by the same Apostle to supply and performe that charge In such a case the Order of Christian charitie had otherwise sent him hither and so required both of sainct Peter and this his disciple to preferre this Nation in their heauenly loue That spirit which moued holy Moyses to say to Exod. c. 32. v. 32. God Aut miserere populo huic aut dele me de libro quem scripsisti Either take mercy vpon this people my contry men or blot me out of the booke which thou hast written Rom. c. 9. v. 3. That which inforced and inflamed sainct Paul to write I could wish so our Protestants translate that my selfe were accursed from Christ for my brethren my kinsmen according to the flesh Yea the order and lawe of holy loue bound and tied with the chaines thereof the whole Colledge of the blessed Apostles to stay so longe in Iury among their brethren there before they preached vnto the Gentiles And Christ himselfe said he was sent ad oues quae perierunt domus Israel to the lost sheppe of the house of Israel and preached most to the Iewes of whose nation he had receaued his Incarnation Matth. 15. Camden in Belgae edit an 1586. Selden in Analect Girald Cambr. l. de sedis menou dignitate Ioh. Pris defens hist Britannic p. 73. 74. Parker antiq Britanni Anton Sabell lib. de occid Imper. alij 8. Therefore besides all the ProtestaÌ„ts of EnglaÌ„d before recited their cheifest Antiquary coÌ„cludeth that it is a thing certaine not to be questioned or doubted of but the Britans did receaue Christian Religion euen in the very infancy begining of the Church of Christ certum est Britannos in ipsa Ecclesiae Infantia ChristianaÌ„ Religionem imbibisse So M. Selden and others before alledged And though S. Mansuetus be called natione Scotus yet this nothing preiudiceth the preaching of the faith to the BritaÌ„s in the North part of this IlaÌ„d by him or others of his holy coÌ„panions For long after this time all or the greatest part of the inhabitaÌ„ts of that Northren CoÌ„try of Britaine were knowne BritaÌ„s not Scots as is euideÌ„t by all antiquities of this natioÌ„ the preuayling of the Scottish nation there first gaue the denominatioÌ„ of Scotland to it loÌ„ge after being then euen by the Romans called Britaine For as both auncient and late forreine and domesticall antiquaries agree this Iland was longe time after the dayes of sainct Mansuetus diuided into fiue distinct Prouinces and yet euery Sainct Mansuetus made Preist and Bishop by S. Peter prâ—ached in Britaine one called Britannia Britannia prima Britannia secunda Britannia Flauia Britannia Maximia Britannia Valentia Which last was that which was aunciently Albania and after abusiuely because the Scots possessed it Scotland Quinta Valentia Albania scilicet quae nunc abusiuè Scotia dicitur And although this holy Bishop of Britaine is ordinarily called in histories the Bishop of Toul in Lorraine where and where about he seemeth much to haue conuersed and preached after he was promoted to Episcopall order
by sainct Peter yet this hindereth not but that as before he spent much time labour in that kinde as nature and charitie bound him in this his natiue contry which is testified in plaine termes both by Methodius that most auncient writer and sainct Marianus Scotus his owne contriman of this Iland who speaking of diuers Apostolike Marian. Scot. l. 2. aetat 6. in Nerua col 254. Method apud eund supr men of that time whom they call Insignes sanctitate gratia pollentes renowned men excelling in sanctitie and grace among whome they name both this our holy Bishop and sainct Clement his associate they say of them non solùm propria prouincia sed in extremis al. externis vltimis industrij illustres regna Tyrannorum vicerunt They were not onely industrious renowned for preaching in their owne contries but also in extreme or externe and vttermost nations ouercame the kingdomes of Tyrants Where it is euident by these two greate witnesses that this most blessed Bishop of Britaine preached here in his owne contry propria prouincia at that time And thus I end the Empire of Caligula Guiderius reigning in Britaine THE VIII CHAPTER OF THE TIME OF CLAVDIVS AND HOW by our Protestants testimony one of the twelue Apostles then preached in Britaine 1. NOw we are come to the time of Claudius when both Catholiks and Protestants assure vs both that the Apostles formally preached vnto the Gentiles and there were many Christians in this our Britaine But before we proceed further to auoide all ambiguitie or errour that might chaunce in these matters in the iudgment of Protestants let vs first craue their best assistance and direction by some certaine grounds and maximes in history as infallible rules truely and plainely to square our narration by least we be deceaued They Certaine historicall grounds and Maximes giuen by our ProtesiaÌ„t Antiquaries to knâ—we what Apâ—stles first preached in Britaniâ— propose some fewe for most certaine and vndoubted generall verities which will easily leade vs to many vndoubted particular conclusions First they say which in some sort is remembred before that this kingdome of Britaine receaued the faith of Christ soone after his Ascension Secondly that this holy Religion was preached here by some one at the least of the Apostles Thirdly who they are in particular of that most holy number and order of whom mention is made in histeries to haue preached in this nation Fourthly that in the time of Claudius of which we now intreate diuers Christians came hither from Rome when he persecuted them there Fiftly that sainct Paul came not to Rome or to any of these west parts vntill longe after the death of Claudius in the reigne of Nero Sixtly that sainct Simon Zelotes whom some write to haue preached and bene martyred in Britaine was put to death in Persia with sainct Iude. Seuenthly that it was the 63. yeare of Christ before sainct Ioseph of Aramathia that buried our Sauiour came hither with his religious companions Lastely that sainct Peter that great Apostle was one of those three Apostles sainct Paul and sainct Simon Zelotes the other two which are reported in histories to haue preached heare All which assertions Theater of great Britanie lib. 6. Camden in Britan. Stowe And howe 's hist Holinsh. hist of Engl. Godwyn Conu of Brit. Catal. of Bishop Protest Comm. Booke Parker antiquit Britan. Mason Booke of Ordin with others are taught by the cheifest Protestant antiquaries and historians of England in their common booke of their religion their Theater and other writings of most credit with them for vndoubted historiall verities By which it euidently will be concluded by their owne graunts and directions that sainct Peter was the onely Apostle that first brought or sent Christianitie into this kingdome Which is particularly also proued before in the case of S. Mansuetus the first Preist and Bishop which was borne in this Iland which any histories I reade make mention of yet consecrated by S. Peter sent and directed by him with others of his disciples into these parts 2. But to make all these things so euidently true euen by these Protestants that no man with any pretence of probabilitie shall be able to make contradiction vnto them They shall all and euery of them be particularly and Inuincibly proued true by these meÌ„ themselues The first of the faith of Christ receaued heare soone after his Ascension and in the time of Tyberius is verified before from these Protestant Authours To which I add this their Testimony againe The Apostle himselfe saith the sound of the ghospell went through the earth and was heard vnto the ends of the world Which his sayings cannot more Theater of great Britaine l. 6. c. 9. Rom. 10. v. 18. fitly be applied to any other Nation then to vs of Britaine whose land by the almightie is so placed in the terrestriall Globe that thereby it is termed of the auncient the the ends and deemed to be situated in an other world And againe Immediately after Christs death doth Gildas fasten our conuersion where he writeth that the glorious Ghospell of Iesus Christ which first appeared to the world in the later time of Tyberius Caesar did euen then spread his bright beames vpon this frosen Iland of Britaine The Gildas de excid Brit. like testimony they reiterate in an other place Which I will cite hereafter and according vnto this runneth the whole current of their writers of antiquitie from the highest and greatest to the louest and meanest among them 3. Their first Protestant Archbishop Matthew Parker in his Intituled Antiquitates Britannicae The Antiquities of Britaine proueth it from Antiquities in Matth. Parker antiquit Brit. p. 1 these words primam Christianae Ecclesiae originem institutionem in Insula Britannica ex antiquissimis patrum scriptorumque testimonijs repertemus nor modo peruetustam eam fuisse sed etiam ab ipso primum per Apostolos propagato per orbem Euangelio initia duxisse accepisse incrementa we shall finde out of the most auncient testimonies of the Fathers and writers That the first beginning and institution of the Christian Church in the Iland of Britaine was not onely very auncient but to haue had beginning and receaued increases euen from the time when the Ghosppell was first propagated in the world by the Apostles And he yeeldeth his reason immediatly in this maÌ„ner Gildas enim Antiquisâ—imus inter eos qui fide digni sunt Britannicaruâ— râ—rum scriptor tradit Britannos iam inde ab ortu Euangelij Christianam 〈◊〉 fidâ—m for Gildas the most auncient writer of Brittish matters among those that 〈◊〉 â—â—â—â—edit doth deliuer that the Britons receaued the Christian faith euen from Engliâ—h ProtestaÌ„ts mistake the testimonie of Gildas about the time of the faith of Christ receaued heare the rising vp of the ghospell The Protestant Bishops and others Authors of their greate Theater of
IS SHEWED TO BE THE MOST probable opinion that S. Peter at his first coming to Rome was receaued there by Britans of this Nation and who probably they were 1. THE holy and learned auncient Pope sainct Leo treating of the coming of sainct Peter to Rome for the settling of his supreame Apostolicall power and preeminency there and reconciling this westerne part of the world vnto Christ writeth in this manner CuÌ„ duodecim Apostoli accepta per spirituÌ„ sanctuÌ„ omnium locutione linguarum imbuendum Euangelio mundum distributis sibi terrarum S. Leo ser 1. de S S. Apost Petro Paulo partibus suscepissent beatissimus Petrus Princeps Apostolici ordinis ad arcem Romani destinatur Impery vt lux veritatus quae in omnium gentium reuelabatur salutem officatius se ab ipso capite per totum mundi corpus effunderet Cuius autem nation is homines in hac tunc vrbe non essent aut quae vsquam gentes ignorarent aut Roma didicisset I am populos qui ex circumcisione crediderant erudieras iam Antiochenam Ecclesiam vbi primum Christiani nominis dignitas est orta fundaueras I am Galatiam Cappadociam Asiam atque Bithyniam legibus Euangelicae praedicationis impleueras nec vt dubius de prouentu operis aut de spatio tuae ignarus aetatis Trophaeum crucis Christi Romanis Acibus Inferebas quò te diuinis praeordinationibus anteibant honor potestatis gloria passionis When the twelue Apostles hauing receaued by the holy Ghost the guift of speaking all languages diuiding the parts of the earth amongst them had vndertaken to endue the world with the ghospell most blessed Peter Prince of the Apostolike order is seÌ„t to the chiefest place of the RomaÌ„ Empire That the light of the Truth which was reuealed for the saluatioÌ„ of all natioÌ„s might more effectually diffuse it selfe from the heade thereof to the whole body of the world For what NatioÌ„ was there that men thereof were not theÌ„ in this citie or what Nations in any place could be ignorant of that which Rome had learned Now thou S. Peter hadst instructed the people of the circumcision which had beleeued Thou hadst already founded the Church of Antioch where first the dignitie of the Christian name was risen Thou hadst already replenished Pontus Galatia Cappadoâ—ia Asia and Bithynia with the lawes of preashing the ghospell neither as doubtfull of the successe of thy worke or ignorant of the space of thy age Thou didst bringe the Trophie of the Crosse of Christ to the Roman Towers whether by the preordination of God both the honor of thy power and glory of thy passion went before thee Where we see by this most learned Pope the generall consent of the other holy Fathers and Antiquitie concurring with him in this declaration that it was the mercifull preordinance of God that seeing the whole world and in that these westerne nations also were to be instructed in the truth and the number of the Apostles to performe so woÌ„derfull a worke was so small That Rome theÌ„ being the of the head world where people of all Nations liued especially of these westerne Regions and more principally of this kingdome of Britaine hauing many thereof then making their dwelling at Rome The cheifest Apostle should be directed and sent thither by Christ to bring this happie worke the more easily to passe and settle there for euer by the glory of his passion the honor of his greatest Apostolicall power quò te diuinis praeordinationibus anteibant honor potestatis gloria passionis 2. In this happines common to all then dwelling at Rome this Iland hauing so many Britans both as hostages and otherwise residing there as all our histories of those times assure vs was equall with the best In one which S. Peter first entertained at Rome by Britans his Cathedrall See Church first in their howse I take to be the greatest honor and happines this kingdome euer had or any other could haue this our Britaine stript and ouerwent them all Which was that our Britains then dwelling at Rome were the first except the Romans themselues deceaue me that receaued entertained and happily harboured that blessed Guest S. Peter there The first erection of sainct Peters Chaire and See the coÌ„maunder of the Christian world in spirituall things was made in the howse of one of our noble BritaÌ„s there Where the first ChristiaÌ„ Church of that greate and holy Apostolike Citie as the Christian pouertie of that time would permit was founded where the ghospell was preached the most blessed Sacrifice of the sacred body and blood of Christ was offered for the lyuing and the deade where the dayly and ordinary Synaxes and holy Assemblies of Christians then for these and other most holy exercises of Christian Religion were kept from whence many holy disciples of that highest Apostle were afterward sent and directed by him both into this kingdome of Britaine and other nations in this westerne world the happy and renowned Christians of this Country that then dwelled there in the best sorte and sence they could cooperating and assisting in so heauenly labours For whereas we are told for an vndoubted truth by a Tradition of the Romans that S. Peter Traditio Romanorum apud Baron in Annotat. in Martyrolog Roman 19. die Maij in Pudent Authour of the 3. conuers with others was first lodged at Rome in the howse of Pudens a Senator and that the Christians met there at their Synaxis had their Church there which is now called the Church of S. Pudentiana maiorum firmatum traditione praescriptum est domum Pudentis Romae fuisse primum bospitium S. Petri Principis Apostolorum illicque primum Christianos conuenisse ad Synaxim coactam Ecclesiam vetustiss imumque omnium Titulnm Pudentis nomine appellatum qui Pastoris nomine dictus reperitur hodie vulgò Ecclesia S. Pudentianae nuncupatur The Romans must giue me leaue to write and more then probably to proue that this howse called by them the howse of Pudens a Romane Senator came not to him from his Roman Auncestors but rather by his wife Iure vxoris suae a noble Christian and lady of Beda Martyrol 14. cal Iunij Seuerin Binnius annotat in Tom. 1. Concil in S. Pio. Baron Tom 2. Annal. 159. Zepher Bin. annot in tom 1. coÌ„cil in Pio. 1. Traditio Romanorum apud Patres tam Latin quam Graecos Matth. Westm ad An. 42. Florent Wigor hist an 28. 60. Stowe And Howe 's hist Britaine called by our histories and sainct Paul also Claudia by others Priscilla or Sabinella 3. And so at the coming of sainct Peter to Rome this holy place was the howse and habitation of the Christian Brittish parents of that renowned Lady Claudia which then liued as hostages at Rome to the Emperour for this lande and kingdome of Britaine and by that meanes it was their happines and honor to
his Epistle to the Romans was made Bishop of Britaine Dorothaeus agreeth wholy with this Protestant not in his booke of the Apostles but of the 72. Disciples where he plainely saith Aristobulus ipse ab Apostolo ad Romanos commemoratus Episcopus Britanniae factus est Aristobulus named by the Apostle to the Romans was made Doroth. in Syno 72. Discip in Aristobulo Bishop of Britaine Where by the words Bishop of Britaine and not in Britaine or any particular place of Britaine it is euident that he was made the cheife commanding Bishop or Archbishop of Britaine the whole kingdome of Britaine being subiected vnto him in spirituall proceedings and it is cleare in all such Examples in Antiquitie not one instance to be giuen to the contrary as appeareth in the same auntient Father S. Dorothaeus in that place and others entreating of the same subiect And the words The Bishop of Britaine will allowe no other interpretation And if there were no other motiue to induce vs to be of this opinion but the consent of writers both Catholiks and Protestants that this holy Bishop of Britaine was one of the 72. Diciples of Christ as both the same S. Dorothaeus our contriman Florenâ—â—us Wigorniensis Doroth. supr in Titul Florent Wigorn. in Catal 72. Discipul Arnold Mirm. in Theatr. Gul. Eiseng cent 1. Magdeb cent 1. and later Authours agree it would be a warrant sufficient in this cause when we doe not finde in Antiquities but probably all the 72. that suruiued were constituted Archbishops in their diuisions in those that concerne vs most which were settled in our neighbouring Nations Fraunce and Germany I haue exemplified before Alnoldus Mirmannius in his Theater of the Conuersion of Nations and the Authorities which he followeth will make this a matter out of question for he deriueth the whole Hierarchicall order of the Church of Christ in this kingdome from this holy man in Arnold Mirm. in Theatr. conu gent. in Britann this manner Britannia Straboni a Britone Regenun cuipata primum Aristobulum vnum certe ex classe 72. Discipulorum Apostolum est nacta Deinde nacta est Britannia Fugatium Damianum qui ordinem Hierarchicum Ecclesiae istic fundatae ab illo inchoatum constituerunt sanxeruntque more nimirum Apostolico Britaine so named by Strabo from King Brito or Brutus had first for the Apostle of it Aristobulus one doubtlesse of the order of the 72. Disciples After that it had Fugatius Guliel Eisengren centenar 1. in S. Aristobulo Actor cap. 13. and Damianus who constituted and confirmed after the Apostolik manner the Hierarchicall order of the Church there founded begun by him Where he ascribeth to S. Aristobulus this our holy Archbishop of this our Britaine named of Brutus three Attributes all commonly properties allmost quarto modo belonging to S. Aristobulus Archbishop of Britayne consecrated by diuers Authours an dom 39. and before S. Paule Archbishops to be our Apostle to haue founded our Church and begun our Ecclesiasticall Hierarchicall order Which cannot belong to any other then an Archbishop especially in so greate a kingdome 3. And if we will followe Eisengrenius and his Authours he will tell vs that this holy Saint and Archbishop of Britaine was made Bishop in the 39. yeare of Christ within fiue or sixe yeares of his Ascension and before S. Paule the Apostle himself did receaue imposition of hands or S. Mansuetus Other Bishops or some other Bishop then in Britayne besides S. Aristobulus by any accompt or any other that is remembred in Antiquities to haue bene a Bishop in or of this Nation except the most glorious Apostle our first Father in Christ S. Peter was made a Bishop Therefore it doth euidently followe that next vnto S. Peter that renowned Saint and Disciple of Christ S. Aristobulus was by S. Peters meanes the first Archbishop of this kingdome Who were these Bishops in particular in or of Britayne by this accompt Which maketh it also an vndoubted truth warranted both by holy Scriptures Apostolike Tradition and all cheifest Authorities as these Protestants haue proued vnto vs that we also had some Bishops whosoeuer they were subordinate to this cheife ouerseeing commaunding and Arch-Bishop S. Mansuetus Beatus his Anonymus companion and S. Augulus probably Bishops heare in Britayne and by the same Authoritie of S. Peter for all this is necessarily induced and depending of the name nature office and dignitie of an Archbishop instituted and ordayned heare by that greatest Apostles power and Authoritie For it is an implicancy of contradiction and in naturall euidence impossible that there should be an Archbishop aboue all other Bishops where Engl. Martyrol 7. Febr. in Augulus Drek in alm an 1620. 7. Febr. Io. King serm at Pauls Crosse 26. Mart. an 1620. pag. 45. Martyrolog Rom. 7. Febr. Bed Martyrol ib. vsuard hac die Petr. de Natal in Catal. l. 3. cap. 105. Ado Vuandelbert apud Baron in annot in Martyrol 7. Febâ— Calendar Eccles Sarisb Engl. Martyrol 7. Febr. Rabanus hac die there is no Bishop for him to be the cheifest or vnder him And that such we had by S. Peters ordination it is in plaine termes acknowledged before both by Catholike and Protestant Antiquaries testifiing and prouing that this highest Apostle when he instituted this most sacred subordination did ordaine both Bishops Preists Deacons in and for this kingdome Who these our Primatiue Bishops were in particular or any of them the Iniurie of time and so many Enemies of holy Religion vnder whose heauy burthens and persecutions this kingdome hath often groaned doe make it a greater labour Yet it is euident by that I haue already proued that S. Mansuetus S. Beatus and his holy companion though to vs now Anonimus of which two I shall speake more hereafter may be recompted in this number 4. To which we may probably add S. Augulus Bishop of Augusta London in England as both Catholiks and Protestants expound it and among them one in a Sermon before King Iames speaking to the Londiners saith your citty hath bene aunciently stiled Augusta For we reade both in the auntient Roman Martyrologe that also of S. Bede Vsuardus Ado Vandelbertus Petrus de Natalibus and others that this S. Augulus was Bishop of Augusta in Britannia Augusta or London in Britaine and was a martyr Augustae in Britannia Natalis beati Auguli Episcopi qui aetatis cursum per Martyrium explens aeterna praemia susâ—ipere meruit Baronius saith he cannot tell when he suffered Quo tempore passus sit hactenus mihi obscurum But if we compare the name of London at that time it was called Augusta with other circumstances and with the Catalogue of the Bishops of London after the time of King Lucius we shall very probably finde that this worthy Saint our Bishop of London is to be reckoned one of the first Bishops that were consecrated in this kingdome long
eye in any Island did behold And after confirmeth his narration with these miraculous Arguments presenting two boughes vnto her Saint Peter open the gates with your keyes Saint Paul defend with your sword Saint Andrew blesse with your Crosse All of you pray the God of heauen to giue her Maiestie long life happy health glorious dayes blessed posteritie and all prosperitie As for mee that haue bene spoyled of all I haue nothing left mee but these boughes the one a Branch of that Thorne that in memory of my blessed Maister euer buddeth one the day that he was borne The other in memory of his Martyrs which one the longest day begins to liue one which they began to dye THE XXIII CHAPTER EXAMINING WHO SENT S. IOSEPH HITHER and euidently prouing that he was not sent into Britayne by S. Philip the Apostle from our neighbouring Gallia or France confuting all pretended arguments and authorities to that purpose 1. BEING thus perfectly instructed in the truth of S. Ioseph of Aramathia and his Associats being heare It followeth next in Order to be truely informed from whome whence and when he came hither The opinion of many Protestants is that he was sent hither out of this Gallia or France next adiacent vnto vs by Saint Philip the Apostle then preaching there But as I haue not allowed this sentence before so I must now vtterly disable it to be receaued for true Which cannot better be performed then by first examining and improuing the reasons one which it is grounded and then set downe what is most probable to be followed in this Question Some Protestants as Foxe Dauid Powell Sir Francis Hastings and the Theater writers would Foxe to 1. Dauid Powell annot in hist Cambr. p. 12 13. Frā Hastings c. haue their Readers beleeue that S. Gildas held this opinion that S. Ioseph was sent to the Britans out of this next Gallia by S. Philip the Apostle But when we come to finde this testimony in Gildas we can finde no such Gildas to proue it by for the true History of Gildas which is de Excidio Conquestu Britanniae from which diuers of these men alledge it hath no such thing eyther Gildas pretended by some to say that S. Ioseph was sent out of France into Britaine by S. Philip the Apostle hath no such thing in the printed booke published by the Protestants or Polidor Virgil neyther in any Manuscript copy which I can finde or is cited for this matter Master Foxe writeth thus Gildas in his History affirmeth plainely that Britany receaued the Ghospell in the time of Tiberius the Emperour and that Ioseph of Aramathia was sent by Philip the Apostle from France to Britayne Gild. lib. de victoria Aurel. Ambrosij Master Hastings followeth Foxe as his Master word by worde onely he citing Gildas doth not alledge that booke And that Foxe Act. and Monum to 1. p. 96. which they cite from Gildas of Britayne receauing the faith in the time of Tiberius ouerthroweth the credit of this allegation for they cite both that and Saint Iosephs sending hither out of France by S. Philip the Apostle from one and the same Gildas and place in him And yet that Relation of Britayne receauing the faith in the dayes of Tiberius is in Gildas de Excidio Britanniae and onely in that and no other auncient Authour any Gildas or other for any thing I can finde in Antiquitie or iustified or iustifiable by any later writer For besides the true acknowledged Gildas of whome I haue spoken before called the wise cognomento sapiens we finde but two others mentioned in our Histories one of them liued at Rome and dyed as a Protestant Bishop testifieth in the yeare of Christs Incarnation 74. vitae compleuit cursum anno ab incarnato Dei verbo 74. And for any thing we reade was no Christian neyther wrote any such thing and dying diuers hundreds of yeares before Ioh. Bel. l. de Script cent 1. in Gilda Cambrio f. 15. Aurelius Ambrosius was borne could by no possibilitie be Authour of the booke intituled de victoria Aurelij Ambrosij of the victory of Aurelius Ambrosius from which this pretended testimony is alledged The other Gildas commonly named Albanius could not be Authour of this pretended Antiquity of S. Philips sending S. Ioseph to this Nation for though I acknowledge with the Brittish History Ponticus Virunnius Bale Pits and others that this Gildas wrote a booke of that Title and subiect yet it could not be this which is here produced for as both the Brittish History and Virunnius witnesse the names and Acts of the Roman Legats Damianus and Phugatianus with there Associates Galfrid Monu hist Reg. Brit. l. 4. cap. vlt. Ponticus Virunn Brit. hist l. 4. in fine were set downe by Gildas in that booke eorum nomina actus īn libro reperiuntur quem Gildas de victoria Aurelij Ambrosij inscripsit And yet these being so memorable things for our Ecclesiasticall History not any one of these Protestants which cite the pretended Gildas before though all of them writing of purpose of such matters doth make the least memory of them which they would not haue so grossely omitted if they had seene the true Gildas which was written in that time 2. Againe Doctour Powell a Protestant Citer of this new found Gildas Saith from thence that Ioseph of Aramathia came into this Iland about the yeare of Christ 53. Which differeth ten yeares from the receaued Historyes of the time of his coming hither and it is as much at variance with itselfe as it is cited by other Protestants for Ihon Foxe sayth some other alleadge out of Gildas Foxe l. 1. de victoria Aurelij Ambrosij that Ioseph of Aramathia was sent by Philip the Apostle from France to Britayne about the yeare of our Lord 63. Where we see euident contradiction in the pretended Authour and citers of him And in an other place this Protestant quite discrediteth this citation testifying that it was one and the same Gildas which wrote of Britayne receauing the faith in the Foxe l. 2. p. 106. time of Tiberius which was Gildas Sapiens and that wrote of S. Ioseph sent into Britayne out of France by S. Philip which as before he neuer mentioneth An other Protestant more disableth this citatiō making the difference of the time greater in this manner George Maior writeth in a preface that immediately Stow hist in Agricola after Crists Resurrection vnder Claudius the Emperour the light of the Ghospell was kindled in Britayne by Ioseph of Aramathia that buryed the body of Christ Polidor Virgil whome some Potestants though vntruely cite for S. Philips Bal. cent 1. l. de Scriptor f. 14. in Ioseph Arimath Polydor. Virgil. l. 2. hist Angl. p. 37. Polydor. Virgil. supr l. 1. p. 16. sending S. Ioseph hither out of France hath no such thing but maketh the meanes of his coming hither doubtfull whether by
a stranger to the Romans whose Annals would not haue left any woman of their Nation though of meaner merit and glory then she was in so greate darknes of obliuion Further when we finde such a penurye of the names Pudens and Claudia in the Roman and other Histories that there is allmost no mention of them And yet we see them both remembred and ioyned together in one line and to be in one Citie of Rome and by all probable Iudgment in one house and as husband and wife by the holy Apostles writing of them as he is commonly interpreted And a Pagan writer also of that time who well knew both Pudens and Claudia and their children plainely affirmeth with many later Authours that this Claudia lyuing in Rome in the same house with Pudens and his vndoubted wife was borne of Brittish Parents which cannot be verified of any other Claudia we must needs therefore be of opinion that this our Brittish Claudia was as bewtifull in spirituall fayrenes and Religion for S. Pauls testimony thereof as in corporall bewty by th◠Poets writing 5. Wherevpon it is the constant receaued and not to be questioned opinion among writers Catholiks and Protestants Christians and Pagans English French and others that the holy Christian Claudia so dignified by S. Paul was the same Brittish Lady Claudia whome Martial so commendeth borne of Brittish Parents Claudia caeruleis cum sit Rufina Britannis Edita Elle estoit Bretonne de Nation she was a Britan by Nation And by the happie occasion of this so renowned and noble Christian of this Nation continually then residing at Rome and so perfectly instructed in the faith of Christ and acquainted with the holy Apostles many spirituall blessings were in that time bestowed vpon many our Britans both at Rome and heare in Britaine of this both Catholiks and Protestants agree allthough there is diffence in the order and manner thereof The first Protestant Arch-Bishop thus writeth of this holy Brittish Lady hanc iam ad Christum conuersam non minus est verisimile Christiana dogmata ad Britannos misisse suos quam ante Matth. Parker Antiquit. Brit. p. 3. acceptam fidem Epigrammata Martialis Nec verisimile solum sed verum iudicandum est in tam nobili familia fuisse cum Claudia gentiles suos Britannos qui vna baptizati fuerunt à quibus Euangelij Ignicula per totam gentem Britannam dispersa viritim ad multos peruenerunt After Claudia was conuerted to the faith of Christ it is as likely that she sent Christian doctrine to her Countrimen the Britans as before she receaued the faith she sent the Epigrams of Martial Neyther is it onely likely but to be adiudged true that in so noble a familie there were with Claudia diuers Britās of her Country which were baptized with her from whome the sparkes of the Ghospell being dispersed through all the Brittish Nation came from one to an other to many The Protestant Bishops with other their Antiquaries in their greate Theater of greate Britaine thus write of her This Claudia with S. Pauls spirituall Theat of great Brit. l. 6. c. 9. Manna is said to send the choysest and chastest of the Posies of Martiall whose verses generally are no lessons befitting Ladies for new yeares guifts vnto her friends in Britaine both for to feede their soules with the bread of life and to instruct their mindes with lessons best fitting vnto ciuill behauiour Which thing moued the Poet himselfe with no small selfe glory in his verse thus to write Dicitur nostros cantare Britannia versus And they note in their Margine these wordes Claudia senas both S. Pauls and Martials writings into Britaine Which is allowed by other Protestants also among whome one a cheife Antiquarie thus boldly speaketh of this Lady Harrison description of Britaine in Claudia Io. Bal. l. de script Brit. cent 1. in Claudia Rufina Martial speaketh reioycing that his Posies were reade also in Britaine and onely by her meanes who vsed to cull out the finest and honest of his Epigrams and send them to her friends for tokens saying after this manner Dicitur nostros cantare Britannia versus Britaine is said to sing our verses Like is the testimonie of other Protestants to whome in that they affirme much spirituall good to haue growne to this Nation of Britaine by the beleeuing Britans and others which liued in or resorted vnto the house of S. Claudia in Rome I willingly consent vnto them and haue allready proued no lesse and will speake more of the same hereafter 6. But where these men so constantly auouch this holy Lady was a translater Lady Claudia neither sent S. Pauls Epistles nor Martial his Poems into Britaine of S. Pauls Epistles and sent them hither for the Instruction of others and also sent into this Nation the Epigrams of Martial prouing the first onely by some likelyhood because they assuer themselues by the verse of Martial recited that Britaine was reported to singe his verses as the last is vntrue and not affirmed by Martiall or any other except these Protestants and a foule forgery to blemish the bewty of that holy Lady so the other hauing no warrant or Authoritie but their falsely imagined congruence from that must needs be as vnprobable And first where these men say that the Poet sayth his verses were sung in Britaine by the meanes of this holy and vertuous Lady Martial hath no such thing but rather the contrary for except she a woman of so greate chastitie modestie and pietie by all testimonies could so farre forgete her shamefaste sexe and temperate carriadge and exceede the boldnes of men euen her owne Father and Husband she was so farre from being an approuer and recommender of Martiall his Poems vnto others in Britaine that by the Poets owne testimonie she vtterly condemned them for their vntollerable wantones and scurrilitie for so did both her Father Father in lawe to Pudens her Husband and her owne Husband also as the same Poet himselfe hath before plainely confessed saying of the Husband of Claudia to whome he presented diuers Poems that he compelled him to correct and amend his books Cogis me calamo manuque nostra Emendare meos Pudens libellos Martial l. 7. Epigram 11. ad Pudentem And S. Claudia her Father was much more auerted from the Poems of Martiall then Pudens his sonne in Lawe was by that Poets owne confession for euen those Poems which he sent to Pudens would haue so much bene disliked by Claudia her Father that he entreated S. Pudens not to communicate them vnto him because he knew well he condemned their leuitie Commendare meas Instanti Rufe camaenas Parce precor socero seria forsan amat Martial l. 7. Epigram 57. ad Rufin And a simple suggestion it is to write she culled out the finest and honestest of his Epigrams and sent them hither for this she could not doe without reading
in the later end of the twelfth yeare of Nero as S. Simeon Metaphrastes noteth and the next yeare coming to Rome preached there some time and was Martyred in the beginning of the 14. and last yeare of Nero allthough Matthew of Westminster and some others set downe the death of S. Peter in the 13. yeare of Nero differing from those that say Nero killed S. Peter S. Paul and himselfe the 14. and last yeare of his Empire Nero Petrum se interfecit 2. By this we see the exceeding greate Pastorall and Fatherly care and S. Petâ—rs Pastorall â—are of Britaine â—â—nding Châ—ists Church in it loue of this greatest Apostle S. Peter to this kingdome that allthough he was so extraordinarily admonished by the holy Angel to returne to Rome yet he neither would nor did forsake this Nation vntill he had perfectly settled such an Hierarchicall Order and holy gouernement heare as I haue described and was needfull in the first founding of the Church of Christ among so many Countries and Prouinces of this Western world And the loue and dutie of many Britans especially such as were not so perfectly intructed in the faith cannot be thought but to haue bene reciprocall to that supreame Pastor How it is pâ—obable diuâ—rs Britans went with S. Peter from hence to Râ—me in so greate degree that it moued many of them to attend him in his returne to Rome to be better instructed in true Religion as diuers also after his departure hence did vndertake that Iorney to that end such as S. Beatus and his Associate were And S. Peter being now come to Rome immediately from this kingdome without staying in that Iorney as may be sufficiently gathered out of the words and admonition of the Angel vnto him before his going hence and both hauing in his company diuers Britans and at Rome finding yet aliue as appeareth by S. Paul writing to S. Timothie before diuers Christian Baron Tom. 2. Annal. Ann. 165. S. Iustin apud â—und supr Britans in that house which as is shewed before and Baronius from S. Iustine and others proueth was both his and other Christians common lodging patebat domus Pudentis ab initio Petri Romam aduentus hospitio Christianorum we are sufficiently allowed to be of that opinion that he was entertained now at this his coming againe to Rome froÌ„ Britaine in the same house as at S. Pâ—ter at 〈…〉 to Râ—m◠〈…〉 recâ—auâ—d againe in our Bâ—â—â—â—ns â—ouse with many â—â—herâ— his first coming and vsually in the time of his continuance and residence there And in this Noble Christian Britans house it seemeth S. Peter among other his Apostolicall labours and designments for the Church of God wrote his second Epistle wherein he maketh memory of some memorable things that chanced vnto him by all probable Iudgment in this Nation as of the Angells appearing vnto him the forewarning of his death at hand and that S. Peter in his 2. 〈◊〉 sâ—â—meth to 〈◊〉 â—f the visioÌ„ 〈…〉 â—râ—taâ—â—e it should be in Rome Knowing that shortly I must put off this my Tabernacle euen as our Lord Iesus Christ hath shewâ—d mee As our English Protestants translatâ— which words of the holy Apostle doe seeme to haue reference vnto that Apparition and admonition to him of his death at hand of which I haue spoken 2. 〈◊〉 1. vers 14. before For we doe not finde in Histories more then two warnings heareof giuen by Christ to S. Peter the first and most euident in Britaine and the other more obscure at Rome recorded by S. Linus Egesippus S. Bede and Linus l. de Pass Apost Egesipp de excid Hieros l. 3. c. 2. Beda Sermone de S. Petro Paulo Tom. 7. others when S. Peter a litle before his death being sought for by Nero and willed by the Christians to forsake Rome to auoide the fury of the persecuting Tyrant being come to the gate of the Citie Christ appeared vnto him and being demanded by S. Peter whether he went Domine quo vadis Christ answered Iterum veniâ— crucifigi Which S. Peter interpreted to be spoken of his Passion because Christ who suffereth in all his members was also to suffer with S. Peter Intellexit Petrus de sua dictum passione quod in ea Christus passurus videretur qui patitur in singulis non vtique corporis dolore sed quadam misericordiae compassione aut gloriae celebritate And this cannot be well construed to be that admonition of his death which S. Peter wrote off in his Epistle being both obscure and in all probable Iudgment after the writing of that his Epistle and immediatly before his apprehension and death as appeareth by those Authours affirming S. Peter was presently taken and martyred conuâ—rsus in vrbem redijt captusque à persecutoribus cruci adiudicatus Therefore seeing besides this so obscure admonition giuen to S. Peter by Christ of his death we finde no other but that most cleare and manifest foretelling thereof to S. Peter by an holy Angel in Britaine we must needs conclude that the holy Apostle in that passadge of his Epistle how he should shortly leaue the Tabernacle and dwelling place of his soule his mortall body as our Lord Iesus Christ had shewed vnto him did this Nation that honour to remember in his holy writings that foresight and admonition of his end approaching made vnto him by the heauenly vision and Instruction thereof which he had in Britaine And signifiing in the first words of this his laste Epistle that he wrote it to all beleeuing Christians at that time saying Simon Peter a Seruant and an Apostle 2. Petr. 1. v. 1. 2. of Iesus Christ to them that haue obtayned like pretious faith with vs grace and peace S. Peters care and loue to Britaine to his death and after in heauen by his owne promise be multiplied We must needs acknowledge that coming then immediately from the Christians in this Nation whome he had so lately conuerted he most fatherly remembred them with others in those words and the whole Epistle following especially where he writeth I thinke it meete as long as I am in this Tabernacle to stirre you vp by putting you in remembrance Knowing that Vers 13. 14. 15. shortly I must pute of this my Tabernacle euen as our Lord Iesus Christ hath shewed mee Moreouer I will endeuour that you may be able after my decease to haue these things allwayes in remembrance In which wordes this our kingdome of Britaine doth most iustly claime that S. Peter remembred it and rather then any other citing there the admonition which he receaued by the holy Angell heare and there protesteth his greate care he had of this CouÌ„try that it might not onely during his life but after his death remaine constant in the profession of Christian Religion And by Oecumenius and diuers others both the Greeke and Latine Text giuing way to that exposition S. Peter did there promise
in this Nation both in respect of the King a friend to Christians and the Immunities of the place and Countrie And this may suffice for the History of this first Age of Christianitie in this kingdome of greate Britaine For them that are desirous to knowe and enforme themselues more fully in euery particular point of true Christian Catholike Religion lately and now still heare as in diuers other places questioned what was publikly preached professed and receaued for such by the holy Apostles Apostolike men and Primatiue Christians of this first Age when by all the holy and vndoubted true Religion to be a Rule and direction to all Posteritie in succeeding times for euer was published and accepted I haue set it downe at lardge in my late Booke intituled The Iudgment of the Apostles betweene Catholiks and Protestants in matters of Religion Wherein they shall finde the true and holy sentence of them and other Apostolike men liuing in this Age in euery Question to be for the present Catholiks and against their Aduersaries the first to professe vndoubted truth the others knowne and confuted Error in euery Article Which would seeme too long to be set downe in an Historie thererefore I caused it to be printed a parte in the yeare of our Lord 1632. The end of the First Age. THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF GREAT BRITAINE THE SECOND AGE THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF GREAT BRITAINE THE SECOND AGE THE I. CHAPTER WHEREIN IS RELATED BY ALL TESTImonies of Protestants and others how in the Papacie of S. Anacletus this kingdome was diuided into Prouinces for Christian Primats and Bishops and that these Bishops and holy Preists were Massing sacrificing Preists and consecrated by such forme and manner of Consecration as the present Roman Church now vseth as likewise all our Primatiue Brittish Bishops and Preists were and diuers such sent into these parts by this holy Pope as S. Peter and Clement had giuen chardge before 1. BEING now to begin the second hundred of yeares from the Birth of Christ we must make our beginning with those Rulers with which we coÌ„cluded the first to witt S. Clement Pope Traiane Emperour and Coillus King of Britaine These two last reigned diuers yeares in this Age but S. Clement being putt to death by Traiane euen in the beginning of this Eusebius in Chronic. an 3. Traiani Hieron Catal. in S. Clement Matth. Westm an gratiae 102. Damasus in Pontif. in S. Clem. Baron Annal. an D. 100 Centurie as Eusebius S. Hierome with others testifie and likely bannished from the See Apostolike into the Iland Chersonesus where working strange miracles and conuerting many thereby he suffered glorious martyrdome in the later end of the former Age I must come to his next Successour in that highest chardge and dignitie S. Anacletus who enioyed it as S. Damasus and others witnes nine yeares three moneths and tene dayes sedit annos nouem mensâ—â— tres dies decem Matthew of Westminster saith 9. yeares and ten moneths sedit in Cathedra Romama annis 9. mensibus decem He as himselfe and Damasus in PoÌ„tif in Anacleto Vit. cius in Breuiar 13. Iulij Matth. Westm an 102. Martin Polon supput in Anaclet Anaclet Epist 1. Epist 3. Florent Wigor in chronic an 93. vel 71. Marianus Scot. l. 2. aetat 6. in Domitiano Magdeburg in Indice cent 2. tit Anacletus Magdeb cent 2. ca. 7. col 146. Matth. Park Ant. Brit. p. 24. Bils Barl. Bridg. Couell Hooker Down l. in Text. citat Ioa. Pris defens Hist Britan. pag. 73. 74. Rob. Bar. l. de vit Pontif. Rom. in Anaclet Ormerod pict of Pop. p. 78. Gir. Cambr. l. de Iure Metropol Eccl. Menou ad Innocen 3. Marian. Scot. l. 2. aetat 6. Flor. Wigorn. in in chron in Domitiano others proue vnto vs was consecrated Preist by S. Peter the Apostle and instructed by him Petrus Princeps Apostolorum Instructor noster a sancto Petro Apostolorum Principe Presbyter ordinatus And as he saith placed by Christ in the See Apostolâ—ke in Apostolica-Sede à Domino constitutus And in an other place he writeth againe that he will write as S. Peter the Prince of the Apostles who made him Preist instructed him vt à â—â—ato Petro Principe Apostolorum sumus instructi à quo Presbyter sum ordinatus scribere vobis sicut petistis non denegauimus This is so warranted a truth that the greatest Protestant Enemies to such Antiquities the Magdeburgian writers plainely thus confesse it Anacletus Presbyter à Petro ordinatus And cite for their euidence the Epistle of S. Anacletus onely and thereby confirme it to be his writing So doe our best learned English Protestants their first such Archbishop of Canterbury Matthew Parker their Protestant Bishops Bilson Barlowe Bridges and others against their Puritans Sir Ihon Prise Couell Hooker Downame Barnes Ormerod and too many to be recited therefore I may passe ouer Catholike Writers in this matter and onely I name three of our auncient Antiquaries Giraldus Cambrensis Marianus Scotus and Florentius Wigorniensis by Protestants testimonies renowned for such learning And so I might boldly if I had no other warrant insist vpon the Authoritie of this holy Apostolike man for S. Peter his Consecratour and Instructour confirmed in grace could not deceaue eyther him or vs or any and his writings proposing S. Peters instruction doctrine and practise are sufficiently abled before to be a true proposer yet I will be so farre from building onely vpon this grounde though so firme a foundation that I shall haue so many other ample witnesses besides for that I shall alledge from him that without him it shall haue credite and certaintie sufficient 2. First he declareth how Prouinces were diuided before the time of Christ for the most part and afterward by the Apostles and by S. Clement this Predecessour that diuision was renewed againe And how they tooke Order in which and which places should be Primats or Patriarks Metropolitan and others inferiour Bishops Prouinciae multo ante Christi aduentum tempore diuisae sunt maxima ex parte postea ab Apostolis beato Clemente Praedecessore nostro ipsa diuisio est renouata c. And in his next Epistle he plainely repeateth the same againe and further addeth in two seuerall places that he had set The Prouinces in Britaine for Christian Primats and Bishops assigned by S. Peter and S. Clement and set downe by S. Anacletus in a Tome written by him downe in a booke or Tome which he sent with this Epistle the seuerall names of the Cities in all Prouinces which were to haue Primats and had receaued such from S. Peter S. Clement or himselfe aliae autem primae ciuitates quas vobis conscriptas in quodam Tomo mittimus à sanctis Apostolis à beato Clemente siue à nobis primates praedicatores acceperunt And to make manifest vnto vs that he as being Bishop of Rome or whosoeuer should succeed him
hauing three sonnes Locrinus Albanact and Camber did at his death diuide the IlaÌ„d into three parts or Prouinces Loegria now England to Locrinus his eldest sonne Albania Scotland to Albanact the second and Cambria Wales to Camber the youngest Locrino primoginito dedit illam partem quae quondam Loegria nunc vero Anglia nominatur Albanacto filio natu secundo dedit Albaniam quae nunc Scotia vocitatur Cambro vero tertio filio dedit Cambriam quae modo wallia nominatur reseruata Locrino Regia dignitate This might suffice for this busines for being testified with so many domesticall and forreine priuate and publike witnesses that this Tripartited diuision was heare from the beginning and first name of Britaine we must needs for euery seuerall part and Prouince assigne a seuerall gouernment and order therein as their Rulers and Gouernours were diuers and distinct 2. But our Antiquities carry vs further and informe not onely that London Yorke and Caerlegion were the seuerall cheife Cities in this diuision but the Kings which founded them for such ordayned them likewise to be the Seats and Residences of three seuerall Archiflamens or Protoflamens For the glory and Noblenes of London therevpon named Augusta I haue spokeÌ„ before and as it is the common opinion in Antiquities that it is the most auncient Citie of this Iland builded by Brutus as not onely the Brittish Historie Galfridus Virunnius and our English Antiquaries after them but Gildas Sigebertus and others sufficiently witnes and except M. Stowe is deceaued in his Authours Aethicus an old Pagan Philosopher testifieth no lesse affirming that Brutus named this kingdome Brutannia And Ihon Harding in his plaine verse with others recordeth how he there from the very beginning instituted an Archflamens Seate And Troynouant he made full especially An Archflaume his Sâ—e Cathedrall certayne A temple thereof Apolyne to optaine By Troian Lawe This is commonly written to haue bene 1100. yeares before Christ And it is a coÌ„mon receaved opinion among our Antiquaries that EbraÌ„cus sonne to Mempricius about 100. yeares after builded the Citie of Yorke calling it after his name Kairbranke as both Brittans and Saxons Catholiks and Protestants consent Whereas Harding and Stowe with others affirme he seated an Archflamen Harding saith Hee made a Temple in Ebranke Citie Harding Chron. c. 21. f. 22. Stowe Hist in Ebranke Of Diane where an Archflamen he sett To rule Temples as that time was his dett In the tweÌ„tith yeare of his Reigne writeth Stowe he builded Kayrbranke since by the Saxons called Euorwike now corruptly Yorke wherein he builded a Temple to Diana and sett there an Archflamen and was there buryed when he had reigned 60. yeares Thus auncient these our Historians make Archflamens in Britaine and I haue related their very words not that I thinke the name and worde Archflamen but onely their office and calling among the Gentils to be so auncient as the time assigned to our Brutus but of youÌ„ger continuance and age by diuers hundreds of yeares the word Flamen not knowne vntill the time of Numa Pompilius and taken from a kinde of attyre worne vppon their heads on Festiuall dayes yet the office of Flamen Ranulp Higed l. 1. c. 24. and Pontifex and Archflamen and summus Pontifex was allwayes the same among the Pagans 3. The Institution of the third Archflamen at Caerlegion vppon vske was of later time as also the Foundation of that Citie first builded by Belinus as the Brittish Historie Galfridus Virunnius Matthew Westm Ranulph Higeden Caxton Harding Stowe Hollinshed and to write in his words most parte of Holinshed Hist Engl. lâ—b 3. cap. 4. Galfr. Mon. l. 3. Hâ—st c. 10. Vâ—run l. 3. Matth. West aetat 5. Ranulpâ— Higeden l. 1. c. 48 all our writers haue deliuered Galfridus calleth this Citie Kaerose Virunnius nameth it Caerusc the Monke of Westm Kaerusc Higeden termeth it Caerhuth And such nake it kept vntill the comming of the Romans hither when of their Legions wintring there it was named Caerlegion as also Chester was as the same Ranulphus which liued and wrote his Historie there with others witnesseth And this Caerusc was the Metropolis of those parts And as diuers of the Authours testifie Belinus seated an Archflamen there as he also confirmed the Archflamens of London and Yorke Thus among Harding Cron. f. 29. c. 33. others Harding relateth Three Archflamens he made through all Britaine As Archbishops now in our Lawes bene There Temples all to gouerne and domaine At Troynouant one Logres to ouersene Her fals Gods to serue and to queme At Ebranke an other for Albany And at Caerleon for Cambre one soueranly So hath Stowe with others And their generall agreement is that these Stowe Hist in Belâ—n were the cheife most renowned and Metropolitan Cities in Britaine which being so amply proued and so many consenting that there were Archflamens in them all so long before the coÌ„ming of Christ lesse Authoritie then we haue for this matter might serue vs to coÌ„fesse that seeing at the abolishing of these Pagan Rulers and Rites they ought to be and were changed into so many Archbishops or Metropolitans in Christian Religion And this is so euident a truth in Histories that the Protestant Bishop himselfe which before with one onely opposed against Archflamens freely confesseth that at this time Archbishops were placed in those three Cities in Britaine and in them onely where so many haue testified and shall testifie further hereafter these Archflamens were resident Thus he writeth At what time Christian Godwin Cat. of Bishops in London 1. p. 181. edit an 1615. Râ—â—â—gion 〈◊〉 first publiâ—ly receaued in this Island there were established in the same 28. Sees or Cathearâ—â—i Churches whereof three were Archbishopricks Yorke whose Prouince was Scotland and the North of England Caerlegion now called Carlcon vpon vsk to which the Churches of Wales where subiect and lastly London that had Iurisdiction ouer the rest of England 4. Therefore this which is the cheifest matter in this busines being thus granted by all and the other so sufficiently proued I will onely add to the former for the more euidency hereof the testimonie of some few others such as eyther were before the time of Geffery of MoÌ„mouth the Translatour of the Brittish History or tooke their notice from other Authours then that History Ranulphus Higeden in his Manuscript History citeh Alfridus Beuerlacensis who by a Protestant Bishop wrote an excellent History from the beginning of the Britans and coming of Brute hither to his owne time in the Reigne of King William the Bastard allmost 100. yeares before Geffery of Monmouth could write Ab origine Britannorum ad suam aetatem vsque contexuit Historiam Io. Bal. l. de Scrip. cent 2. in Alfrid Beueâ—lacen Alfâ—idus Beuerl apud Ranulph â—â—geden l. 1. c. 52 de Episcopâ—tâ—b in lâ—bro Manusc perpulchram And writeth as Ranulphus citeth him that in the time of Lucius the first Christian
Sancti Patricij in commemorata Insula permanserunt So we see the ouerraging Persecution of Dioclesian did not disperse or hurt them And in the generall spoile of the Pagan Saxons in this kingdome when an other abomination of desolation was heare in Britaine this holy house still enioyed both Monkes and an Abbot called Morgret and was so fare from destruction or ruine thereby that it then receaued more libertie and a new endowment the King of Domnonia giuing Gulielm Malm. l. de Antiq. Glast vnto it the land called Inswitrin in the 601. yeare of Christs Incarnation Anno Dominicae Incarnationis 601. Rex Domnoniae terram quae appellatur Inswitrin ad Ecclesiam vetustam concessit ad petitionem Morgret eiusdem loci Abbatis And it appeareth by this Authour that he had seene the originall Charter itselfe thereof for besides his setting downe the very names of the Abbots to whome it was granted and the Bishop Manuto who wrote the Charter and signed it with others Ego Manuto Episcopus hanc Chartam scripsi he addeth of the King that granted it that the scedule was so old whereon his name was writen that it could not be knowne Quis iste Rex fuit scedulae vetustas negat scire In the Danish Inuasion and Persecution some of those Infidels did attempt to spoyle it but being Miraculously stricken blinde and therevpon penitent for their wickednes and receauing their sight by the meanes of the blessed Virgin Mary they caused a pretious Crosse of curious work of gold siluer and pretious stones to be made and offered it in the old Church in memory thereof multi eorum audientes sanctitatem huius loci ne matrem misericordiae alios quorum inibi corpora pausant ad Iracundiam prouocarent recesserunt Sed tamen intrauerunt nonnulli nec impunè Nam Virgo faecunda arma Iustitiae concutiens omnes caecitate mulctauit quos postea paenitentes quod iniquè gesserant detestantes misericorditer illuminauit Denique facta collatione Crucem eleganti satis opere ex auro argento pretiosis lapidibus fabricauerunt Ecclesiae veteri ad huiusce miraculi monumenta obtulerunt And this holy place was made as a common Sanctuary to Religeous persons in such stormes and tempests to preserue themselues the holy Relicks of Saints and such sacred things there from Pagan Persecution THE XXV CHAPTER OF THE GREATE HONOVR AND REnowne of our old Brittish Apostolike Order of Religion from the comming of S. Ioseph of Aramathia in the yeare of Christs Natiuitie 63. without any discontinuance or Interruption by some and very short time after his death by all many hundreds of yeares in greate perfection without any change or alteration to be named a Mutation of Monasticall Rule being the Mother or Nurse of Monasticall holy life to many Nations and Religious Orders in them by which also many Countryes to Christ were conuerted 1. IF after so long a Circuite of time and inuolued with so many difficulties to hinder vs from certaine knowledge of such The most holy and auncient Apostolike Order of Glastenbury there setled by S. Ioseph of Arimathia Chastitie obedience pouertie things we are desirous to make some estimate what was the Rule of this holy Order it somewhat appeareth by that is said and is resembled in our Histories and diuers obseruances thereof kept in such strict Orders as afterward borrowed them from hence The three Vowes or states of perfection of chastitie pouertie and obedience necessary in all such conditions of life were diligently and exactly performed in this Order Cōcerning obedience at and before the first comming of S. Ioseph of Aramathia with the rest hither S. Ioseph was ordained their Superior by the Apostle which directed them hither his praefecit amicum suum Ioseph ab Aramathia qui Dominum sepeliuit Flos Aramathiae Ioseph est primus eorum So writeth William of Malmesbury the Antiquities of Glastenburye Capgraue and others who keepe a successiue continuance of most of their Guliel Malmes l. de Antiq. Caen. Glast Io. Capgr Catal. in S. Ioseph ab Aramat Antiq. Glaston Abbots after both in the Britans and Saxons time who Ruled them and to whome they were obedient Iure Abbatis rexit The pouertie which these men with the contempt of Riches professed is sufficiently declared in forsaking all they had of their owne and liuing by their labour and such things as at the first were giuen vnto them by Infidels in a strange Country And after King Lucius was conuerted they had nothing but the Almes of Christians and their owne paines and Industrie to sustaine them and yet these not at their owne but Abbots disposition The holy place wherein they liued being left so long and strangely desolate without man woman or childe after the death of S. Ioseph and his companions the substitution of Monkes in the same number of 12. by S. Damianus and Phaganus and the continued succession in that number their names registred their so often assembling and meeting euery day in the holy Church The greate chastitie is remembred of them which be most mentioned by Historians no marryed or vnchaste woman euer inhabiting there by any Antiquitie giueth a warrant boldly to say they liued in perpetuall sacred chastitie 2. If we will follow the more common opinion of Antiquaries that the Miraculous man S. Patricke the Apostle of Ireland was Abbot there and giue allowance to the old Manuscript Epistle asscribed vnto him we must Their holynesse and austeritie of life say their austeritie of life and deuotion were wonderfull For he saith of the twelue which were there in his time and whose names for their honour he setteth downe that he was not worthie to vntye the buckles of their shewes non dignus eram soluere corrigias calceamentorum eorum And yet we reade of him in approued Authours that he was one of the most holy vertuous and Miraculous men that euer liued omni namque Die Psalterium cum canticis himnis ducentis orationibus cantauit offerebat corpus Christi docebat Discipulos turbis praedecabat in omni hora signo crucis Christi centies signabat se In prima vero noctis parte centum Psalmos canebat ducentis vicibus genua curuabat a pullorum cantu in aquis stabat donec adimpleret orationes suas post haec dormiebat super lapidem nudum alterumque sub capite eius posuit tunicam pelliceam habebat circa lumbos suos in aqua tinctam he did euery day singe the Psalter with canticles and himnes and two hundred prayers he offered the sacrifice of Christs body taught his Disciples preached to the people and in euery hower signed himselfe an hundred times with the signe of the crosse of Christ In the first part of the night he sunge an hundred psalmes and bowed his knees two hundred times and from the crowing of the cocke he stood in the water vntill he
had ended his prayers after this he slept vppon a bare stone and layed an other vnder his heade and he had about his loines a leather coate dipped in water And if we should question S. Patrike his long liuing being and dying Abbot at Glastenbury and so leauing such austeritie to the Monks as he exercised in himselfe yet we may not haue any doubt but he being Nephew to S. Martine that greate Apostolike man taught by him and he himselfe being the Apostle of Ireland where the Religeous men were of the same Order they were in Britaine but this strict manner of life was common to all Monkes in these parts in his and from this time we haue in hands no memory of change being found in Histories And we reade that S. Brendon found in an Iland of America a Monastery wherein were 24. very holy Monkes Disciples of S. Patrike and S. Albeus which had liued there 80. yeares with breade rootes and water and had no Manuscr Antiq. Capgr in S. Brendan other foode to entertaine their worthie guest S. Brendan and his holy company withall aâ—â— yet their bread Miraculously prouided for them Parata mensa appositisâ—â—â— panibus miri candoris quibusdam radicibus incredibilis saporis comedebant sedebant mixti fratres cum hospitibus per ordinem inter duos fratres sempér panis integer ponebatur Ex fonte facite charitatem cum Iucunditate timore Domini And we finde that in an other Monastery in these parts where there were many Monkes Plures monachi there was no other foode or sustenance for them but appels nutts rootes and herbes Nihil aliud cibi monstrabatur nisi poma nuces atque radices herbae And to come to the holy roote itselfe of this sacred Profession at Glastenbury which had so soone so farre extended and spreed the branches thereof with such seueritie and sanctitie of life what other thing can we hope to finde in such a Desart and wildernes as then it was in the woodly wildernes corne did not growe the Bishops or Archbishops themselues did not then nor many hundreds of yeares after eate flesh 4. The first Archbishop of Caerlegion or S. Dauids which did eate flesh was as both Catholike and Protestant Antiquaries write called Morgeneu the 33. in number after S. Dauid allmost 1000. yeares after Christs Natiuitie A Protestant Bishop thus relateth the Historie Morgeneu this man saith Giraldus of all the Bishops of S. Dauids presumed first to eate flesh which none of them Godwin Catal. in S. Dauids in Morgeneu had euer done before him For punishment of which hainous offence he supposeth it fell out that afterwards he was murthered of Pirats reporting withall how that after his death he appeared to a Bishop of Ireland vsing these words Quia carnes comedi caro factus sum for eating of flesh I am noâ— become nothing but flesh The Art and skill of fishing was allmost vtterly vnknowne in these partes of Britaine Bed l. 5. Histor Gent. Angl. Capgrau Catal. in S. Wâ—lfâ—id Godwin Catal. of Bish. Chichester in Wilfride Antiquit. Glast Manus Capgr Catal. in S. Patricio vntil when in the seuenth hundredth yeare it was taught there by S. Wilfride These holy men planted fruite trees there in greate number to bring them meate wherevpon that Desart was called Aualonia or the Iland Aualonia the Isle of fruites because in the old Brittish toÌ„gue Aualla signifieth fruites Insula Aualoniae id est Insula pomorum vocabatur Aualla Britannice poma Latine And the InhabitaÌ„ts of those parts to this day doe call greate Nutts growing in that Country by the name of Aualons Therefore our Antiquaries knowing how strict and penitentiall life they sedd and in carnall censure exceeding ordinary humane habilitie without heauenly help and assistance doe deliuer Their foodefruites Herbes and bread vnto vs that S. Ioseph and his companions the first Religious Inhabitants of this place before Orchard or gardeine was planted there for fruites rootes or herbs to feede vpon offerring and performing there their deuoute duties to God and the blessed Virgin in watchings fastings and prayers were reliued Antiq. Glaston Manuscr Tabulis affix Capgr Catalog in S. Ioseph ab Aramat S. Patric Epist alij in all their necessities by the help of the same blessed Virgin Mother of God Duodecim sancti praedicti in eodem loco Deo beatae virgini deuota exhibentes obsequia vigilijs Ieiunijs orationibus vacantes eiusdem virginis Dei Genetricis auxilio in necessitatibus suis refocillabantur 5. And this so strict Monasticall conuersation though likely in some places and times afterward some what mitigated from the first rigour was the generall obseruation of our old Brittish Scottish and Irish Monkes all of them The Monks there drunke then no wyne or such drinke but water drinking onely water or milke and neuer any wine Ale or such manner of drinke for we reade in approued and Auncient Historians that when King Ceolnulfus left his terreane kingdome to be a Monke in the Monastery of Lindisfarne about the yeare of Christ 764. the Monkes there according to the old Tradition and custome did drinke nothing but water or milke and then they had dispensation at this Kings procuring to drinke wine or Ale hoc Rege iam Monacho facto efficiente data est LindiffarneÌ„sis Ecclesiâ— Monachis licentia Roger HouedeÌ„ Annal. par Prâ—o an 764. an 882. bibendi vinum vel ceruisiam ante enim non nisi lac vel 〈…〉 solebant secundum antiquam traditionem Sancti Aidani primi eiusdem Ecclesiae Antistitis Monachorum qui cum illo de Scotia venientes ibidem donante Rege Oswaldo mansionem acceperant cum magna districtione Deo seruire gaudebant Where we see this to haue bene the old receaued vse and custome of those Brittish and Scottish Monkes 6. What their Masse and other publike Church seruice was I finde in an Their auncient Church seruice that asscribed to S. Marke the EuaÌ„gelist or of Saint Peter old Brittish Manuscript Antiquitie written allmost 1000. yeares since and Intituled the first Institution and varietie of the Church seruice prima Institutio varietas Ecclesiastici seruitij that they were the same which S. Marke the Euangelist by S. Peter his approbation composed and practized Cursum qui dicitur praesenti tempore Scotorum Beatus Marcus decantauit This is recorded for the office Ecclesiasticall of Scotland in those times by this old Manuscript but for thee rest of this Iland now England and wales it rather deliuereth that the Roman vse deriued from S. Peter and S. â—lement his Successour which it calleth cursum Romanum was practized heare and setteth downe how it was continued and deriued to the Britans from S. Peter and S. Clement Yet with some alteration addition of Antiphones Responsories and Alleluias but these taken out of holy Scripturs or the workes of the old
praedicante laudata est ad quos perfidia habere non possit accessum And there plainely saith that Heresies and Scismes haue onely had originall because men would not obay Gods Preist nor allow onely one Cheife Preist and Iudge the Vicar of Christ in his Church And calleth the Iudgment of this Preist Christ Vicar the Pope of Rome the Iudgment of God not to be disobayed of any and from such disobedience Scismes and Heesies doe spring Neque aliundè haereses obortae sunt aut nata scismata quam inde quod Sacerdoti Dei non obtemperatur nec vnus in Ecclesiâ ad tempus Sacerdos ad tempus Iudex vice Christi cogitatur Cui si secundum ministeria diuina obtemperaret Fraternitas vniuersa nemo aduersum Sacerdotum Collegium quicquam moueret Nemo post diuinum Iudicium post populi suffragium post Coepiscoporum consensum Iudicem se iam non Episcopi sed Dei faceret nemo dissidio vnitatis Christi Ecclesiam scinderet nemo sibi placens ac tumens seorsim foris Haeresim nouam conderet nisi ita est aliquis Sacriligae temeritatis ac perditae mentis vt putet sine Dei Iudicio fieri sacerdotem 12. Now that these holy Popes stoode vpon the same supreame priuiledge for the Church of Rome being the common doctrine and practise of them all as Protestants confesse we neede not to stand vpon these in particular yet these Protestants doe assure vs first that Pope Cornelius maintayned Appeales to Rome Cornelius Epistolâ 2. facit mentionem Appellationis ad Apostolicam Magdeb. cent 3. c. 7. col 181. Rob. Barnes l. de Vit. Pontif. Rom. in Cornelio Sedem And made a generall Decree to free Preists from swearing except in matter of faith And condēned the Africā Bishops Decree about Rebaptizatiō Pope Lucius as they confesse maketh the Church of Rome the Mother of Churches and affirmed that the Popes of Rome neuer erred and contended that they cannot erre prouing it by that place where Christ said to S. Peter I haue asked for thee that thy faith may not fayle Lucius Romanam Ecclesiam Matrem Magdeb. Cent. 3. col 183. c. 7. Ecclesiarum facit Apostolicos Pontifices nunquam errasse asserit ne quidem errare posse contendit ex eo loco quod Christus Petro dixerit rogaui pro te ne fides tua deficeret And Pope Stephen made a generall Decree as these men affirme for the whole Church about receauing penitent Heretikes how they were to be receaued Stephani Papae Romani sententia rescriptum hoc Magdeb. cent 3. c. 8. col 190. Robert Barnes l. de Vit. Pont. Rom. in Stephano Io. Bal. l. 1. Act. Rom. Pontif. in Stephano fuit Si à quacumque haeresi ad Ecclesiam veniant nihil innouetur nisi quod traditum est vt manus illis imponatur in paenitentiam And generally for all Preists in all places that they should not vse at Masse any other then sacred vestments Ne Sacerdos aliâ veste quam sacrâ in sacris vteretur statuit By this holy Pope which our Protestants confesse was an holy Saint and Martyr and receaued a Crowne of Iustice thereby after he had conuerted many Gentils to Christ Cum multos Gentilium ad Christi fidem conuertisset capite mulctatus fit victima S. Sixtus Pope and Martyr Deo accept à Iustitiae coronâ 13. The like they testifie of all his Successours in this Age. S. Sixtus the Ambr. l. 1. Oshc c. 41. Prudent in Hymno de S. Laurent Magd. cent 3. cap. 10. in Sixto cap. 12. in Laurent col 297 298. next was Christi discipulus è terreno coelestis aeconomus factus Christiani gregis decus atque imitandum exemplar and preached the true word of God salutare Dei verbum populo proponens And yet this doctrine of this holy Pope by all Antiquities and these Protestants themselues was sacrificing preisthood Sacrifice of Masse Deacons assisting at the Altar Christ really present there and offered in Sacrifice with Lights vpon the Altar Hic primus è septem viris qui stant ad Aram proximi Hunc esse vestris orgijs moremque artem proditum est hanc Disciplinam foederis libent vt auro Antistites Argenteis scyphis ferunt fumare sacrum sanguinem auroque nocturnis sacris adstare fixos cereos And this was so common and publikly receaued and knowne that the Pagans themselues were not ignorant of it S. Dionisius Pope and Martyr Bal. l. 1. de Act. Rom. Pontif. in Dionys Robert Barnes in Vit. Pont. in eodem 14. Of S. Dionysius the next Pope these Protestants say he was famous for preaching the true faith and dilating of Christs Church and conuerted many and among others the daughter and wife of the Emperour Decius Cyrilla and Triphonia and dyed an holy Martyr Yet they also acknowledge he was a Monke and Eremite before he was Pope He diuided Parishes and Dioceses assigning their limits and made other generall Lawes for the whole Church concerning Heretikes and others to be accused and conuented 15. S. Faelix which was his next Successor was also as these men confesse S. Foelix Pope and Martyr an absolute vertuous man and renowned for he preached the word of God and died a glorious Martyr Yet they also say he was a Massing Pope and Bal. l. 1. de Act. Pontif. supr in Foelice Rob. Barnes in eod tooke order that none but consecrated Preists should say Masse he ordained that Masses should yearely be saide in honour of Martyrs on their Anniuersary dayes and no where but in sacred places 16. They say of Eutichianus the next Pope that he was vir Deo deditissimus à doctrinâ virtutihus Ecclesiae commendatus diuini verbi praedicatione salutem S. Eutichianus Pope and Martyr multis attulit populis A man most deuoted to God renowned for learning Bal. l. 1. Act. Ro. Pontif. in Eucichiano Barn in eod and vertue and by preaching the word of God brought saluation to many people and died a Martyr Yet as they acknowledge he tooke order for sacred Vesturs of Cleargy men so honored he Martyrs that with his owne hands he buried 300. and made generall Lawes for the whole Church 17. Of S. Caius the next and by common opinion the last of this Age they S. Caius Pope and Martyr say he was kinsman of Dioclesian the persecuting Emperour yet a most worthie Ruler of the house of God in the Roman Church and died a Martyr Bal. Barnes supr in Caio praepositus domus Dei in Ecclesià Romanâ probatissimus And yet he exempted Clergy men from lay Iudges and as S. Euaristus had done before gaue order that none should be a Bishop which had not before bene Ostiarius Lector Exorcista Acolythus c. 18. If our Protestants will haue S. Marcellinus to haue bene Pope in the S. Marcellinus Pope and
ib. S. Mello conuerted by S. Stephen Pope 387. 2. or 397. 2. S. Mellos Christian life ib. S. Mello made Preist and Bishop ib. S. Mello Archbishop of Rohan in Normandie 367. 3. 387. 2. or 397. 2. S. Mello Miraculously sent to that See 387. 2. 3. or 397. 2. 3. S. Mello cured a wounded man 388. 3. S. Mello died and was buried at Rhoan ib. S. Melorus sonne and heire of Mellianus Duke of Cornewaile 389. 4. S. Melorus brought vp in a Monastery of Cornewaile 388. 4. 390. 5. S. Melorus his hand and foote cut of 390. 5. S. Melorus Miraculous hand ib. S. Melorus murdered ib. S. Melorus buried by the Bishops and Cleargy ib. Meneuia probably an Episcopall See before S. Dauids time 586. 12. Metallanus King of the Scots 1. 1. Metallanus sends giftes to Augustus Caesar 2. 3. Metallanus dieth after a peaceble reigne ib. S. Metropolos Archbishop of Treuers 198. 5. Miracles wrought 136. 2. 327. 5. or 328. 5. There were Monasteries of Religious men in Britaine in all Ages 311. 9. A Monasterie dedicated to S. Iulius 603. 9. A Monasterie at Meneuia founded by S. Patrike ib. A Monasterie at Naucaruan in Wales 604. 9. A Monastery called Mancari Monasterium 603. 9. A Monastery of Nunnes in Northwales ib. Monkes holines and austoritie of life 328. 2. c. Monkes continued night and day in praiers 330. 6. The Monkes of Britaine conuerted many Nations 331. 7. The Morauians setled in our Northren partes 120. 7. Mordraius setteth S. Ioseph at libertie 125. 2. Mordraius conuerted by S. Ioseph ib. Mordraius King of the I le of Mā ib. Morgret Abbot of Glastenbury 602. 7. Doctor Mountagues entertainment of Queene Anne 110. 4. N. S. Nathaniel probably preached in Britaine 97. 8. S. Nathaniel succeeded S. Aphrodisius in the See of Burdges in France ib. Nennius Helius brother to King Lud and Cassibelam 131. 1. Nennius Helius time of death ib. Neophits not admitted to Episcopall and Priestly functions 207. 8. Nero put S. Peter and S. Paule to death 165. 1. Nero murdered himselfe ib. Nerua reuockes all Domitians Edictes 170. 2. Nerua recalled all whome Domitian had banished ib. The time he kepte the Empire 171. 4. S. Nicasius first Bishop of Rhoan 95. 5. S. Nicasius preached in Britaine according to some ib. S. Ninian a Noble Britan by birth 357. 3. When borne and who his parents 579. 3. S. Ninians pilgrimage to Rome 580. 4. S. Ninian brought vp at Rome in the time of S. Syluester 583. 6. S. Ninian consecrated Bishop and sent vnto the Picts ib. S. Ninian visiteth his vncle S. Martine ib. S. Ninian ioyfully receiued in Britaine 580. 5. 584. 7. S. Ninians Miracles 58◠5. S. Ninian preached also to his Country Britans 583. 7. S. Ninians Episcopall Church called Candida casa and why 584. 8. S. Nouatus S. Claudias eldest sonne 199. 6. S. Nouatus instructed in the faith by S. Peter and S. Paule 226. 3. S. Nouatus furthers the Conuersion of Britaine ib. S. Nouatus house a harbor for Saints at Rome 229. 3. S. Nouatus death 225. 3. S. Nouatus was a sacrificing massing Priest 225. 3. S. Nouatus lefte all his worldly welth to relieue Christians 226. 3. S. Nouatus house turned into a Church 224. 1. 229. 3. S. Nouatus Church made a Roman Title ib. S. Nouatus Church decaied with oldnes ib. S. Nouatus Church decently renewed by Cardinal Caietan ib. Numa Pompilius ordained the order of Flamens 277. 6. Nunneries renewed in Britaine 310. 9. O. OCtauian recorded to haue slaine the Roman Proconsuls in Britaine 542. 3. Diuers difficulties concerning this Octauius 543. 4. Octauius doubtfull whether he were euer King in Britaine 543. 5. c. King Offa restored S. Albans Church and Monastery destroied by the Saxons 600. 5. S. Onesimus S. Timothies successor in Ephesus 215. 4. or 216. 4 Oracles silent at the birth of our Sauiour 16. 7. The Orcades subiect to the Archbishop of Yorke 283. 4. Orders and degrees acknowloged by Protestants to haue bene in the Church of God euen from Christ 91. 4. 180. 4. Orders a Sacrament 382. 10. or 392. 10. Orders not to be iterated ib. The honour and dignitie of this Sacrament in the Church of Rome in Pope Cornelius time 328. 11. Inferior Orders were to assist at Masse euen in he Apostles time 189. 4. Orders giuen with imposing of handes euen in the Apostles time 190. 5. Osees Prophecy of our Sauiours comming 7. 7. Otho ouerthrew Vitellius in three Battals 165. 1. Otho ouerthrowne in the 4. battaile ib. Otho impatient of disgrace killeth him selfe ib. Otho Emperour but three Monthes ib. Oxford builded by King Ebrancus 287. 3. Oxfords diuers names 287. 3. P. THe Pagans confesse the miraculous Stare at our Sauiours berth to haue shewed the comming of Christ into the world 6. 6. S. Palladius the Scots first Bishop 336. 5. S. Palladius sentinto Scotland by the authority of the See of Rome 336. 5. 357. 3. Pamachius Gouernour of Treuers Martyred 407. 2. Paternus a defender of Arianisme excommunicated 563. 2. S. Patrikes birth time 594. 5. S. Patrike descended of a Noble linadge 595. 6. S. Patrikes parents ib. S. Patrikes birth-place ib. S. Patrike carried out of Britaine by Pirates ib. S. Patrike sold to Miluc named a King in the North of Ireland 595. 5. S. Patrike set to keep cattaile 595. 6. S. Patriks extraordinary deuotion ib. S. Patrike in 4. thinges compared to Moyses and what they are ib. S. Patrike three times taken Prisoner 596. 7. The second time Miraculously restored to his Countrie ib. S. Patrike liued at Glastenbury and when 328. 2. 596. 7. S. Patrikes strange calling to be the Apostle of Ireland 597. 8. S. Patrike consecrated Bishop where and by whome 598 8. S. Patrike sent into Ireland by S. Celestine Pope 25. 2. S. Paule excluded from any part in the ordinary partition of the world among the Apostles 39. 5. S. Paule accustomed to write to none but Christians 158. 9. S. Paule preached in Italy Spaine and France 144. 1. S. Paule preached in Britaine ib. S. Paule could not be the first that preached in Britaine 41. 2. S. Paule came not into Britaine in the 4. yeare of Nero. 147. 1. c. S. Paule came not into Britaine presently after the returne of Claudius the Emperour vnto Rome 148. 1. S. Paule came not into Britaine vntill he had performed his promise of going to Spaine 148. 2. S. Paule a long time Prisoner at Rome 150. 4. S. Paule after his first imprisonment went into the East 149. 3. S. Paule made but a short stay in Britaine 150. 5. c. No sure ground of any memorable thing performed by S. Paule in Britaine 151. 6. S. Paule ordeined Prists only where the other Apostles came not 152. 6. S. Paule put to death 150. 4. The yeare of his Martyrdome 151. 6. S. Paulinus the first Arch-bishop of Yorke in the Saxons time 332. 9. S. Paulinus liued