as hee was an eloquent and well spoken man that the Lord Lisle tooke suche immoderate ioy thereof that his heart beeing oppressed therewith The Lord Lisle died through immoderate ioy hee dyed the night following through too much reioycing After his deceasse the twelfth of the same moueth of Marche sir Iohn Iudeley sonne and heire to the said Lord Lisles wife was at Westminster created Vicount Lisle The seuenteÌ„th of March one Margaret Dauie a yong woman being a seruant was boyled in Smithfield for poysoning of hir mistres with whome she dwelt and diuers other persons George Ferrers In the Lent season whilest the Parliamente yet continued one George Ferrers Gentleman seruaunt to the K. being elect a Burgesse for the Towne of Plimmouth in the Countie of Deuon in going to the Parliament house was arrested in LondoÌ„ by a proces out of y e kings bench at the sute of one White for the summe of two C. markes or thereabouts wherein he was late afore condemned as a suretie for the debt of one Weldon of Salisburie which arrest being signified to sir Tho. Moyle knight then speaker of the Parliament and to the knights and Burgesses there order was taken that the Sergeant of the Parliamente called S. Iohn shoulde forthwith repaire to y e Counter in Bredstreete whither the said Ferrers was caried and there to demaunde deliuerie of y e prisoner The Sergeant as he had in charge went to the Counter and declared to the Clearkes there what he had in commaundement But they other officers of y e Citie were so far from obeying the said commandement as after many stout words they forcibly resisted the said Sergeant wherof ensued a fray within the Counter gates betwene the said Ferrers and the said officers not without hurt of eyther part so that the saide Sergeante was driuen to defende himselfe w t his mace of armes had y e Crowne therof broken by bearing of a stroke and his man striken downe During this braule the Sherifes of London called Rowlande Hill and Henrye Suckliffe came thither to whome the Sergeant complayned of this iniurie and required of them the deliuerie of the saide Burges as afore But they bearing with their officers made little accompt either of his complaint or of his message reiecting the same contemptuously with much pronde language so as the SergeaÌ„t was forced to returne without the prisoner And finding the speaker and al the knightes and burgesses sette in their places declared vnto them the whole case as it fell who tooke the same in so ill parte that they altogither of whome there were not a fewe as wel of the kings priuie counsayle as also of his priuie chamber would sit no longer without their burges but rose vp wholly and repaired to the vpper house where the whole case was declared by the mouth of the speaker before sir Tho. Audeley knight then L. Chancellor of Englande and all the Lordes and Iudges there assembled who iudging the contempt to be very greate referred the punishmente thereof to the order of the common house They returning to their places againe vpon new debate of the ease tooke order that their Sergeant should eâ—…oones repaire to the Sheriffes of London and require deliuerie of the said Burges without any writte or warrant had for the same but only as afore Albeit the Lorde Chancellor offered there to graunt a writte which they of the coÌ„mon house refused beeing in a cleare opinion that all commaundements and other actes proceeding from the nether house were to bee done and executed by their Serieant without writte only by shew of his mace which was his warrant But before the Serieantes returne into London the Sheriffes hauing intelligence howe heynously the matter was taken became somewhat more milde so as vpon the sayd second demaund they deliuered the prisoner without any deny all But the Serieant hauing then further in commaundemente from those of the nether house charged the sayde Sheriffes to appeare personally on the morrow by eyght of the clocke before the Speaker in the nether house and to bring thither the Clearkes of the Counter and such other of their officers as were parties to the sayde affray and in like manner to take into his custody the sayd White which wittingly procured the sayde arrest in contempte of the priuiledge of the Parliamente Whiche commaundemente beeing done by the sayde Serieant accordingly on the morrowe the two Sheriffes with one of the Clearkes of the Counter whyche was the chiefe occasion of the sayde affray togyther with the sayde White appeared in the common house where the speaker charging them with theyr contempte and misdemeanoure aforesayde they were compelled to make immediate aunswere withoute beeyng admitted to any counsayle Albeit Sir Roger Cholmeley then Recorder of London and other of the Counsayle of the Citie there present offered to speake in the cause whiche were all put to silence and none suffered to speake but the parties themselues wherevpon in conclusion the said Sheriffes and the same White were committed to the Tower of LondoÌ„ the said Clearke whiche was the occasion of y e fray to a place there called litle ease y e officer of LondoÌ„ which did y e 〈◊〉 called Tailor w t iiij other officers to Newgate where they remained froÌ„ the xxviij vntill y e vxx of March theÌ„ they were deliuered not without huÌ„ble 〈◊〉 made by the Maior of London â—… other their frends And forasmuch as the sayd Fewers being in execution vpon a coÌ„demnation of debt and set at large by priuiledge of Parliament was not by lawe to be brought againe into execution and so the partie without remedie for his debt as well against him as his principall debter after long debate of the same by the speeâ—…e of ix or x. dayes togither at last they resolued vppon an Acte of Parliament to be made and to reuiueth execution of the sayde debt agaynst the sayde Welden which was principall debter and to discharge the sayde Ferrers But before this came to passe the Common house was deuided vpon the question but in conclusion the Acte passed for the sayde Ferrers wonne by xiiij voyces The King then being aduertised of all this proceeding called immediatlye before him the Lord Chauncelor of England and his Iudges with the Speaker of the Parliament and other of the grauest persons of the nether house to whome he declared his opinion to this effect First commending their wisedome in maintayning the priuiledges of their house which he woulde not haue to be infringed in any poynte alledged that he being heade of the Parliament and attending in his owne person vpon the businesse thereof ought in reason to haue priuiledge for him and his all seruauntes attending there vpon him So that if the sayde Ferrers had bene no Burgesse but onely his seruant that in respect thereof he was to haue the priuiledge as well as any other For I vnderstand quoth he that your not
seuerall péeces whereof are coÌ„monlye so great and massye and the quanty therof so abundantly seruing all the housholde that if Midas were nowe liuing and once againe put to his choise I thinke hée coulde aske no more or rather not halfe so much as is there to be seene and vsed But I passe ouer to make such néedelesse discourses resoluing my selfe that euen in this also the excéeding mercy and louing kindenesse of God doth woonderfullye appeare towardes vs in that he hath so largely indued vs with these his so ample benefites In some great Princes Courtes it is a worlde to sée what lewde behauiour is vsed among dyuers of those that resorte vnto the same what whoredoÌ„e swearing rybaldry atheisme dicing carding carowsing drunkennesse Glotony quareling and such lyke inconueniences doe daily take holde and sometimes euen among those in whose estates such behauiour is least conuenient all which inormities are eyther vtterly expelled out of the Court of Englande or else so quallified by the diligent endeuour of the chiefe officers of hir graces housholde that seldome are any of these thinges apparantly séene there with out due reprehension such seuere correction as belongeth to those trespasses Finally to auoyde ydlenesse and preuent sundrye transgressions otherwise likelye to be commytted and done such order is taken that euerye offyce hath eyther a Byble or the bookes of the Actes and monumentes of the Church of Englande or both beside some hystoryes and Chronicles lying therin for the exercise of such as come into the same whereby the straunger that entereth into the Court of Englande vpon the sodeine shall rather imagine himselfe to come into some publicke schoole of y e vniuersities where many giue eare to one that readeth vnto theÌ„ then into a Princes Pallace if you conferre this with those of other nations Would to god al honorable personages woulde take example of hir Graces Godly dealing in this behalfe and shewe their conformitie vnto these hir so good beginninges which if they woulde then shoulde manye grieuous enormities where with GOD is highelye displeased be cut of and restreined which nowe doe reigne excéedingly in most Noble and Gentlemens houses wherof they sée no paterne within hir Graces gates The firme peace also that is mainteyned within a certaine compasse of the Princes Pallace is such as is nothing inferiour to that we sée daily practized in the best gouerned holds fortresses And such is the seuere punishment of those that strike wythin the limites prohibited that without all hope of mercy benefite of clergie or sanctuary they are sure to loose their ryght handes at a stroke and that in very solemne maner the fourme whereof I will set downe and then make an ende of this Chapter to deale with other matters At such time therefore as the party transgressing is conuicted by a sufficent enquest impanelled for the same purpose and the tyme come of th execution of the sentence the Sergeaunt of the kings woodyarde prouydeth a square blocke which he bringeth to some appointed place therwith al a great béetle staple and cordes wherwith to fasten the hande of the offendor vnto the sayde blocke vntill the whole circumstance of his execution be perfourmed The Yoman of the Scullary lykewyse for the tyme beyng doth prouide a great fire of coales harde by the blocke wherein the searing yrons are to be made readie against the chiefe Surgeon to the Prince or his Deputie shall occupie the same Vpon him also â—…oth the sergeaunt or chief farrour attend with those yrons whose office is to deliuer them to the sayd SurgeoÌ„ when he shal be readie by searing to vse the same The grome of the Salary for the time beyng or hys Deputie is furthermore appointed to be readie with vineger and colde water and not to depart from the place vntill the ariâ—…e of the offender be â—…ounde vp fully dressed And as these thinges are thus prouided so y e Sergeaunt Surgeon is bound from time to time to be readie to execute his charge and seare the stump when the hande is taken from it The sergeaunt of the sellar is at hande also with a cup of red wine and likewyse the chiefe officer of the pantry with Manchet bread to giue vnto the sayde partie after the execution done and the stomp seared as the sergeaunt of the Ewery is with clothes wherein to winde and wrap vp the the arme the yoman of the pultrie with a cocke to lay vnto it the yoman of the ChauÌ„drie with seared clothes and finally the maister cooke or his Deputie with a sharpe dressing knyfe which he delyuereth at the place of execution to the Sargeaunt of the Larder who doth holde it vpright in hys hande vntill th execution be performed by the publicke Officer appointed therevnto And this is the maner of punishment ordayned for those that stryke within the Princes pallace or limites of the same The lyke priuilege is almost giuen to churches and churchyardes although in maner of punishment great difference doe appeare For he that bralleth or quarrelleth in eyther of them is by and by suspended ab ingressu ecclesiae vntil he be absolued as he is also that striketh wyth y e fist or layeth violent handes vpon any whome so euer But yf he happen to smite wyth staffe dagger or any maner of weapon and the same be sufficiently founde by the Verdict of twelue men at his arrainement beside excommunication he is sure to lose one of hys eares wythout all hope of recouerye But if he be such a one as hath béene twyse condemned and executed whereby he hath now none eares then is he marked with an hote yron vpon the chéeke by the letter F which is seared into his flesh he is froÌ„ thencefoorth noted as a common barratour fray maker and thereunto remayneth excommunicate till by repentaunce he deserue to be absolued Of the maner of Buylding and furniture of our houses Cap. 10. THe greatest parte of our buylding in the cities and good townes of Englande consisteth onely of timber for as yet fewe of the houses of the comminalty except here there in the west country townes are made of stone although they may in my opinion in diuers other places be builded so good cheape of the one as of the other In olde tyme the houses of the Brytons were slitely set vppe with a few postes and many radles the like whereof almost is to be séene in the fenny countries vnto this day where for lacke of wood they are inforced to continue this auncient maner of buylding It is not in vayne therefore in speaking of buylding to make a distinction betweene the playne and wooddye countrie for as in these our houses are commonly strong wel timbered so that in many places there are not aboue 6. or nine ynches betwéene studde and studde so in the open champaine soyles they are inforced for want of stuffe to vse no studdes at all but only
The Barke of Bullen Beside these hir grace hath other in hande also of whome hereafter as their 〈…〉 come about I will not let to leaue some further remeÌ„braunce She hath likewise thrée notable Gallies The Spéede wel the Trye ryght and the blacke Galley with the sight wherof rest of the Nauy Royal it is incredible to saye how marueylously hir Grace is delighted and not without great cause sith by their meanes hir costes are kept in quiet and sundrye forren enemies put back which otherwyse woulde inuade vs. The number of those that serue for burden wyth the other wherof I haue made mencion already and whose vse is daily séene as occasion serueth in time of the warres is to mée vtterly vnknowneâ—… Yet if commoÌ„ estimatioÌ„ be any thing at all to be credited there are 17. or eightéene hundred of one other of theÌ„ besides fisher boates smal Craiers which I referre vnto the thirde sort Of these also there are some of the Quéenes maiesties subiectes that haue twoo or thrée some foure or sixe and as I hard of late one man whose name I suppresse for modesties sake hath béene knowne not long since to haue hade sixtéene or seuentéene and employed them whollye to the wastyng in and out of our marchauntes whereby he hath reaped no small commoditye and gaine I myght take occasion to speake of the notable and difficult voiages made into strauÌ„ge couÌ„tries by Englishmen and of their dayly successe there but as these thinges are nothing incident to my purpose so I surcease to speake of them onely thys will I adde therefore to the ende all men shall vnderstande somewhat of the great masses of treasure daylye employed vpon our Nauie howe there are fewe of those shippes of the first and seconde sorte that being apparelled and made readie to sale are not woorth one thousand pounds or thrée thousande Ducates at the least if they shoulde presently be folde What shall we shall thinke then of the greater but especially the Nauy Royall of which some one Vessell is woorth two of the other as y e shipwryghtes haue often tolde me It is possible that some couetous person hearing thys report will eyther not credite it at all or suppose money so employed to be nothing profitable to the Quéenes coffers as a good husband said once when he harde there should be prouisioÌ„ made for armor wishing y e Quéenes money to be rather laide out to some spéedier returne of gaine vnto hir Grace But if he wist that the good kéeping of the sea is the safegared of our lande he woulde alter hys censure and soone giue ouer his iudgement For in times past when our nation made small account of Nauigation how soone dyd the Romaines then the Saxons and last of all the Danes inuade thys Islande whose cruelty in the ende inforced our countrimen as it were euen agaynst their owne wylles to prouyde for shippes from other places and buylde at home of theyr owne wherby their enimies were oftentymes distressed But most of all were the Normans therein to be commended For in a short processe of tyme after the conquest of thys Islande and good consideration had for the well kéeping of y e same they supposed nothyng more commodious for the defence of the countrey then the maintenaunce of a strong 〈◊〉 which they spéedily prouided mainteyneâ—… 〈◊〉 thereby reaped in the ende their wished secâ—â—ritye wherewyth before their times this Islande was neuer acquainted The 〈…〉 Before the comming of the Romaines I doe not reade â–ª that we had any shippes at all except a fewe â–ª made of wicket couered with Buffle hides In the beginning of the Saxons wée had a fewe but as their number and moulde was lyttle and nothing to the purpose so Egbert was the fyrst prince that euer thorowlye began to knowe thys necessitie of a Nauy 〈◊〉 y e defence of his country After him also other â–ª princes as Alfrede Ethelred c. indeuoured more more to store theÌ„selues at the 〈◊〉 with ships of al quantities but chiefly Etheldred who made a law y t euery man holding 310. hidelandes should finde a ship furnished to serue him in the warres Howbeit and as I sayde bfore when all theyr Nauie was at the greatest it was not comparable to that which afterwarde the Normains prouided neyther that of the Normaines anye thing lyke to the same that is to be séene nowe in our dayes For y e iourneys also of our ships you shal vnderstand that a well builded vessell wyll runne or sayle thrée hundred leagues or nine hundreth myles in a wéeke or peraduenture some will go 2200. leagues in sixe wéekes and an halfe And surely if their lading be ready against they come thither there be of them that will be here at the west Indies and home agayne in twelue or thirtéene wéekes from Colchester although the sayd Indies be eight hundred leagues from the cape or point of Cornewall as I haue béene informed Of Bathes and hote welles Cap. 14. AS Almightie God hath in most plentyfull maner bestowed infinite and those very notable benefits vpon this Isle of Britaine whereby it is not a little enriched so in hote and naturall Bathes whereof we haue diuers in sundrie places it manifestly appeareth that he hath not forgotten Englande There are foure Bathes therefore to be found in this realme of which the first is called â—… Vincentes the second Hally Well both being places in my opinion more obscure then the other twoo yet not seldome sought vnto by such as stande in néede For albeit the fame of their forces be not so generallye spreade yet in some cases they are thought to be nothing inferiour to the other as diuers haue often affirmed by their owne experience and triall The third place wherin hote Bathes are to be founde is neare vnto Buâ—…stone a towne in Darbyshyre scituate in the high Peke not passing sixetéene myles from Manchester or Marketchesterforde twenty from Darby where aboute eight or nine seuerall Welles are to be séene of which thrée are counted to be most excellent But of al the gretest is the hottest void of corruption and compared as Iones sayth wyth those of Somersett shyre so colde indéede as a quarte of boyling water woulde be made if fiue quartes of running water were added thervnto whereas on the other-side those of Bathe likened vnto these haue such heate appropriated vnto them as a gallon of hote water hath when a quart of colde is mixed with the same Herevpon the effecte of thys Bath worketh more temperatelye and pleasantlye as he writeth then the other And albeit that it maketh not so great spéede in cure of such as resort vnto it for helpe yet it dealeth more effectuallye and coÌ„modiously then those in Somerset shyre and inferre withall lesse grieuous accidentes in y e restreyning of natural issues streÌ„gthening the affebeled members assisting the lyuelye forces dispersing annoious appilations and
of Aurelius Ambrosius and about the yeare of oure Lord .482 But other write 482 that it did begin about the .30 yeare after the firste comming of Hengist which should be two yeares sooner William Harrison differing from al other noteth it to begin in the fourth yeare after y e death of Hengist .4458 of the worlde .2 of the .317 Olympiad .1243 of Rome .492 of Christe and .43 after the comming of the Saxons his words are these Ella erecteth the Kingdome of the South Saxons in the 1â—… after his arriuall and raigned 32. yeares the chiefe Citie of his Kingdome also was Chichester after her had enioyed the fame his Kingdome awhile he ouerthrew y e Citie called Andredescester whiche as then was taken for one of the most famous in all the South side of England For my parte I thinke my dutie discharged if I shew the opinions of y e writers for if I should thereto adde mine owne I should but increase coniectures whereof already we haue superfluous store To proceede therfore as I fynde About the ninth yeare after the comming of Elle the Britaynes perceyuing that he with hys Saxons still enlarged the boundes of his Lordship by entring further into the lande assembled themselues togither vnder their Kings and Rulers and gaue battell to Elle and his sonnes at Mecredesbourne where they departed with doutfull victory the armies on both sides being sore diminished and so returned to their homes Elle after this battell sente into his countrey for more ayde But nowe touching Hengist which as yre haue hearde reigned as King in the prouince of Kente the writers of the Englishe Kings varie somewhat from the Brittishe histories bothe in reporte of the battels by him foughte againste the Britaynes and also for the manner of his deathe as thus After that Vortimerus was dead which departed this life as some write in the first yeare of the Emperour Leo surnamed the greate Policron and first of that name that gouerned the Empire who began to rule in the yeare of our Lorde .457 457 wee fynde that Hengist and his sonne Occa or Osta gathered their people togither that were before sparkled H. Hunt and hauing also receyued new ayde out of Germany VV. Mal. fought with y e Britaynes at a place called Crekenforde Creysourd wher were slayne of the Britaynes foure Dukes or Captaynes and foure thousand of other men Britaynes ouerthrowen and the residue were chased by Hengist out of Kent vnto London so that they neuer returned afterwards againe into KeÌ„t and so the Kingdome of Kent began vnder Hengist the twelfth yeare after the comming of the Saxons into Britayne and Hengist raigned in Kent after this as the same writers agree foure and twentie yeares Polychron It is remembred that those Germanes whiche lately were come ouer to the ayde of Hengist beeing chosen men mightie and strong of body with their axes and swords made great slaughter of the Britaynes in that battell at Crekenford or Creyforde whiche Britaynes were aranged in foure battayles vnder their aforesayd foure Dukes or Captaynes and were as before is mentioned slayne in the same battel H. Hunt About the sixth yere of the sayd Emperour Leo which was in the .17 yeare after the comming of the Saxons VVipers field Mat. VVest This battell was fought anno .473 as the same Mat. VVest noteth Wipet Hen. Hunt Hengist and his sonne Occa or Osca fought at Wyptishe fielde in Kent neere to a place called Tong with the Britaynes slewe of them twelue Dukes or Captaynes and on the parte of the Saxons was slayne besyde common Souldiers but onely one Captayne that highte Vipet of whome y e place after y t day tooke name This victory was nothing pleasaunte to the Saxons by reason of the great losse whiche they susteyned as well by the death of the sayd Vipet as of a greate number of others and so of a long time neyther did the Saxons enter into the confynes of the Britaynes nor the Britaynes presumed to come into Kent But whilest outward warres ceasse among the Britaynes they exercise ciuill battell falling togither by the eares among themselues one striuing against another Finally Hengist departed this life by course of nature Fortie yeares hath H. Hunt in the .39 yeare after his firste comming into Britayne hauing proceeded in his businesse no lesse with craft and guyle than with force and strength following therewith his natiue crueltie so that he rather did all things with rigoure than with gentlenesse By this it is euident that he was not driuen out of the lande after he had once got foote within it After him succeeded a sonne whiche hee left behinde him who beeing attentiue rather to defende than to enlarge his Kingdome neuer set foote out of his fathers boundes duryng the space of .24 yeares in the whiche hee raigned About three yeares after the decesse of Hengist a new supply of men of warre came out of Germany vnto the ayde of Elle King of Sussex Mat. VVest the which hauing his power so encreassed Hen. Hunt besieged the Citie of Andredescestre The Citie of Andredescestre which was very stroÌ„g well furnished with men all things necessary The Britaynes also assembling togither in companies greatly annoyed the Saxons as they lay there at siege laying ambushes to destroy suche as wente abrode and ceassing not to giue alarmes to the campe in the night season the Saxons could no sooner prepare themselues to giue the assault but the Britaynes were ready to assayle them on the backes till at length the Saxons deuiding themselues into two companies appoynted the one to giue the assault and the other to encounter with the army of the Britaynes without and so finally by that meanes preuayled tooke the Citie and destroyed manne woman and childe Neyther so contented they did also vtterly rase the sayde Citie so as it was neuer after that daye builded or reedified agayne The Kingdome of the Eastangles FVrthermore about y e yere of oure Lorde 495. Cerdic VVil. Mal. and in the eyght yeare after that Hengist was dead 495 one Cerdicus and his sonne Kenricus came out of Germany with fiue Shippes Fabian Policrus and landed at a place called Cerdiceore whiche as some thinke is nowe called Yermouth in Northfolke Hee was at the first receyued with battell by the Britaynes VVil. Mal. but beeing an olde skilfull warriour hee easily beate backe and repulsed the inconstante multitude of his enimies and caused them to flee by whyche good successe hee procured for the time to come both vndoubted assurance to himselfe and to the inhabitantes good and perfect quietnesse for they thinking good neuer after to prouoke him more by resistaÌ„ce submitted themselues to his pleasure but yet did not he then gyue himselfe to slouthful rest but rather extending his often atchieued victories on eache syde 〈…〉 foure and
the same time lately come into Englande with his mother and sisters oute of Hungarie where he was borne yet for that hee was but a child and not of sufficient age to beare rule they durst not as then commit the gouernment of the realme vnto him least as some haue thought his tendernesse of age might first breed a contempt of his person and therewith minister occasion to ciuil discord wherby a shipwrak of the estate might to the great annoy and present ouerthrow of such ensue as then liued in the same But what consideration so euer they had in this behalf they ought not to haue defranded the yong Gentleman of his lawfull right to the Crowne For as we haue heard and seene God whose prouidence mightie power is shewed by ouerthrowing of high and mightie things now and then by the weake and feeble hath gouerned states and kingdoms oftentimes in as good quiet and princely policie by a childe as by menne of rype age and greate discretion But to the purpose beside the doubt whiche rested among the Lordes howe to bestowe the Crowne the manifold and straunge wonders which were seene and heard in those days betokening as men thought some chaunge to bee at hande in the estate of the realme made the Lordes afrayde and namely bycause they stode in great doubt of William duke of Normandie who pretended a right to the crowne as lawful heyre appoynted by king Edward for that he was akinne to him in the secōd and third degree Dukes of Normandie For Richard the first of that name duke of Normandie begot Richard the seconde and Emme which Emme bare Edward by hir husband Ethelred Richarde the second also had issue Richard the thirde and Robert which Robert by a Concubine had issue William surnamed the bastard that was nowe Duke of Normandie and after the death of hys cosin king Edwarde made clayme as is sayde to the crowne of Englande Whilest the Lordes were thus studying and consulting what shoulde be best for them to doe in these doubtes Haralde the sonne of Goodwin Earle of Kent Harold proclaymed king of Englande proclaymed himselfe king of England The people being not much offended therewith bycause of the great cōfidence and opinion which they had lately conceyued of his valiancie Some write among which Edmerus is one Edmerus how king Edwarde ordeyned before his death that Harold shoulde succeed him as heyre to the crowne and that therevpon the Lordes immediately after the sayde Edwardes deceasse crowned Harolde for their king and so he was sacred by Aldred Archb. of Yorke according to the custome and maner of the former kings or as other affyrme Mat. VVest he set the crowne on his owne head without any the accustomed ceremonies in the yeare after the byrth of our sauiour .1066 or in the yere of Christ .1065 after the account of the Church of Englād as before is noted But how and whensoeuer he came to the seate royall of this Kingdome certaine it is that this Harolde in the beginning of his raigne considering with himselfe howe and in what sort hee had taken vppon him the rule of the kingdome rather by intrusion than by any lawfull right he studied by all meanes which way to winne the peoples fauour Harold seketh to winne the peoples hartes and omitted no occasion whereby hee might shewe any token of bounteous liberalitie gentlenesse courteous behauiour towardes them The grienous customs also and taxes which his predecessors had raysed Sim. Dunel he either abolished or diminished the ordinarie wages of his seruauntes and men of warre he encreased and further shewed hymselfe very well bent to all vertue and godlinesse whereby he purchased no small good will of such as were his subiectes This couenaunt he made as it is supposed in king Edwards dayes when by lycence of the same Edwarde or rather as Edmerus wryteth agaynst his will he went ouer into Normandie to visite his brethren which lay there as pledges K. Harolds answere howbeit at this present Haroldes annswere to the sayde Ambassadours was that hee would be readie to gratifie the Duke in all that he coulde demaunde so that he woulde not aske the realme which alredy he had in his full possession Edmerus And further he declared vnto thē as some write that as for the othe which hee had made in tymes past vnto Duke William the same was but a constrayned and no voluntarie oth which in law is nothing Mat. VVest since thereby hee tooke vppon him to graunt that whiche was not in his power to giue hee beeing but a subiect whilest King Edwarde was lyuing for if a promised vowe or othe which a Mayde maketh concerning the bestowing of hir bodie in hir fathers house without his consent is made voyde much more an othe by him made that was a subiecte and vnder the rule of a king without his soueraignes consent ought to be voyde and of no value He alledged moreouer that as for him to take an othe to deliuer the inheritaunce of anye Realme withoute the generall consent of the estates of the same coulde not bee other than a greate peece of presumption yea althoughe hee might haue iust tytle therevnto so it was an vnreasonable request of the Duke at this present to will him to renounce the Kingdome the gouernance whereof hee had alreadie taken vpon him with so great fauor and good lyking of all men Duke William hauing receyued this answer Duke Williā efsoones sendeth to king Harolde and nothing lyking thereof hee sendeth once againe to Harolde requyring him then at the least wise that hee woulde take his daughter to wife according to his former promise in refusal wherof he could make no sound allegation bycause it was a thing of his owne motion and in his absolute power both to graunt and to perfourme But Harolde beeing of a stoute courage wyth prowde countenaunce frowned vpon the Norman Ambassadors and declared to them that his minde was nothing bent as then to yeelde therevnto in any maner of wise And so with other talke tending to the like effect he sent them away without any other answere The daughter of Duke William which Harold should haue maried was named Adeliza as Gemeticensis hath Gemeticensi and with hir as the same authour writeth it was couenanted by Duke William that Harold should enioy halfe the Realme in name of hir dower VVil. Mal. Howbeit some write that this daughter of Duke William was departed this life before the cōming of these Ambassadors and that Harold therevppon thought himself discharged of the oth and couenants made to Duke William and therefore sent them away with an vntoward answere But howsoeuer it was after the departure of these Ambassadors Polidor king King Harold doubting what would ensue caused his shippes to be newly rigged his men of warre to be mustred speedily put in a readinesse to the ende that if any sodaine
filled with more malice one against an other than with desire to defend theyr countrey against their enimies could bryng their men into any perfecte araye Robert Bruce seruing that day amongst the Englishmen fetched a compasse about an hill came on the backes of the Scottes so that they were in maner compassed in beaten downe on eche side Yet Wallace left nothing vndon that might pertaine to the dutie of a valiant captain But at length all his endeuors notwithstāding the Scots ouerset with multitude of enimies as the Scottish writers affirme were slayne in such huge numbers that he was constrayned to draw out of the field with suche small remnant as were left alyue The Englishmen pursued fiercely after hym The Scottes discomfited at 〈◊〉 and namely one valiant captayne named Frere Bryan Iay a Templer whome Wallace perceyuing to be within his daunger Frere Bryan lay slayne by the hand of Williā Wallace stepped foorth vnto hym and slewe him there in syght as it is sayd of all the Englyshe armie Whiche valiaunt acte of Wallace caused the Englishmen somewhat to staye for doubt of further perill vy their vnwyse pursuite In this infortunate battaile wer slain on the Scottishe side Nobles of Scotland slayn at the battayle of Falkyrke Iohn Stewarde of Bute wyth his Brandanes for so they name them that are taken vp to serue in the warres forth of the Stewardes landes Mackduff erle of Fyfe with sir Iohn Graham whose death was much lamented by Wallace as one whome he highly esteemed for his great experience in warlyke knowledge Many other noble and valiant men dyed in this conflict whose names wold be to long to reherse Mary Magdalens day prosperous for the Englishemen to fyghte againste Scots This batail was stricken on Mary Magdalens day in the yere of our Lorde .1298 and therfore the Englishmē haue holden it euer sithence an happy day for to fight against Scottes Wallace after thys discomfiture came to Perth 1298 and there vttering by complaint the iniurious enuie of the nobles against hym he renoūced and discharged hymselfe of all the auctoritie which had bin committed to his hands Wallace renounceth his office touching the gouernance of the realme Philip king of Fraunce The same tyme Philip king of Fraunce the fourth of that name and surnamed le Beau hauing great ruth in his heart for the miserable calamities thus chaunced to his auncient confederate frendes the Scottes and that chiefly for the quarell of Fraunce sente his ambassadors vnto Edward king of Englande who had lately before maryed his daughter requiryng that there might be som peace or abstinēce of war grāted A truce At his request therefore a truce was taken betwixt the Scottes and Englishemen to endure from the feast of all Saincts til the feast of Pentecost next following Scottish ambassadors sent to Pope Boniface The Scottes in the meane tyme sore oppressed by reason of long warres sent ambassadors to Pope Boniface in presenting a right greuous complaint vnto him for the great affliction done to them by king Edwarde who was fully bente by iniurious meanes as they alledged to conquere their realme and therefore they besoughte hym to constreyne king Edwarde by vertue of his prerogatiue which he pretended to haue ouer the realme of Englande to stand to his order in deciding the right cōcerning y e liberties of Scotland which might no otherways be determined but by intollerable damage falling to the people thorough blynd desire and couetous ambition of the nobles contending for the crowne The opinion of the Pope The Pope as is said after he had by good and deliberate aduise heard the matter gaue sentence with the Scottes that they had iuste cause of warres in defence of the liberties of their coūtrey against king Edward and his fautors The Scots somewhat recomforted herewith shortly therevppon chose Iohn Cumyn to their gouernour Iohn Cumyn elected gouernour of Scotland in purpose to trie with the Englishemen for their liberties Wherof king Edwarde being aduertised sente foorthwith an armie into Scotlande which passed thorough the countrey to Saint Iohns towne An armie of Englishmen sent into scotlande with greate damage of those that were adiudged rebelles to king Edwardes Empire All the countrey in manner vnto Forthry at this season was subiect to the Englishemen sauing suche fewe of the inhabitauntes as lyued within the woods hauing more regard to the ancient liberties of their countreye than to any desire of preseruing their goodes or lyues Iohn Cumyn therefore desirous to redresse this heauie miserie and lamentable case of his countrey admitted Symon Fraser fellow with him in the administratiō of the wars against the Englishmen and therwith gathering an army of .viij. thousand hardy men of warre setteth in hande to reuēge the iniurious doings of the enimies King Edwards officers chased out of Scotlād chasing out of the realme all such officers with their seruauntes as king Edward had placed in any roomthes within the bounds of Scotland and suche as resisted hee pursued in moste cruell wyse not sparyng to put them vnto the swoorde in all places where hee mighte fynde them King Edwarde sore kyndeled in displeasure with these attemptes of suche desperate persons Scotlande agayn inuaded reysed an armie of thirtie thousand men and sent the same into Scotlande vnder the leading of a right sloute and valiant capitayne named Radulph Radulph Cōfraye I remember not that any of the English nobilitie bare this surname in these days wherefore I thinke it was the lord Iohn Segraue Io Cumyn Symon Fraser or Rafe Confray This Radulph at his commyng into Scotlande tooke small regarde to the orderyng of his field but deuided his armie into three partes euery part conteining .x. thousand men and appointed them to passe foorth to forraye the countrey and to mete altogither at Roslyn in suche sort and tyme as he prescribed Iohn Cumyn Symon Fraser being aduertised hereof gathered their powers together to the nūber of .vij. or viij thousand men and determined to try the chance of battayle with one part of the English armye first trusting that if they hapned to haue the vpper hande of one of the three parts the other two would be the more easy to deale with The Scottish captains resolued thus vpon that point exhorted their people to remēber how they were to fight in defence of their wiues their children their goods and liberties of their countreye against such as sought to bring them into thraldome and vile seruitude With which wordes the Scottes were so enboldned that minding either to die or to winne the victorie they gaue the onsette so fiercely on their enimyes that the fyrste battayle of the Englishmen was quickely ouerthrowen and vanquished The firste battaile of the englishmen ouerthrowne Fewe of the Englyshmen hadde escaped the Scottishmens hands had they not ben so awearyed wyth continuall fyghte that they were not
kalender of tyme the lanterne of trueth the lyfe of memorie the doctresse of behauiour the register of antiquitie the trumpet of chiualrie And that our Irishe hystorie being diligently héeded yéeldeth al these commodities I trust the indifferent reader vpon the vntwyning thereof will not denie But if any man his stomacke shall be founde so tenderly niced or so deintily spyced as that he may not forsooth digest the grose draffe of so base a countrey I doubt not but your Lordship who is throughly acquaynted with the woorthinesse of the Island 〈…〉 perswaded 〈◊〉 â—…eaue â—…h quaint and â—…courous repastâ—…s to féede on their costly and delicate Woodcockes willingly to accept the louing present of your hearty welwiller The gift is small the giuer hys good wyll is great I stand in good hope that the greatnesse of the one wyll countrepoise the smalnesse of the other Wherefore that I may the sooner vnbrayde y e pelâ—…sh tâ—…sh that is wrapt wythin thys Treatise I shall craue your Lordshippe to lende me eyther your eares 〈◊〉 hearing or your eyes in reading the tenour of the discourse following The greater parte as well of Cosâ—…nographers as Chronographers with one aâ—…e affirme The 〈◊〉 and bredâ—… of Ireland that Irelande the vttermost Westerne Isle knowne is halfe as bigge as Britannia Which I take to be true if the worde Britannia so farre displaye the signification that it comprise England Wales Scotland To which opinion Girald Cambrieâ—… lib. 1. to poâ—… dist 1. ruâ—… Polich likâ—… cap. 32. Giraldus Cambrienâ—…e â—…elyeth saying that Britannia condemeth in length 800. myles and 200. in breadth Ireland he taketh to be in length from the mountaynes called Torrache the author of Polychronicon termeth them Brendâ—…n hys hils to s ColuÌ„â—…e his Island eight dayes iourney rating of long Irish myles 40. miles to the day and in breadth from Dublin to â—… Patrike his hilles the sea of Comaght foure dayes iourney according to the former rate So as by Cambriense his suruey who was a curious ensearcher thereof Ireland is 320. myles long of Irish myles and 160. myles broade And accompting 320. Irish myles to amount to 400. english miles which maye well be reckoned accordyng to their iudgementes that haue trauayled in the Irish territories Ireland wil be found halfe as big as Britannia which Giraldus Cambriense auoucheth saying that Irelande is as bigge as Wales and Scotland Irelande hath on the east England within one dayes saylyng on the south east it hath Fraunce Hispayne on the south distant thrée dayes sayling on the west the mayne Ocean sea Touching the name Ibernia The name Ibernia whence it procéedeth Historiographers are not yet agréed froÌ„ whence it is deducted Some write it Hybernia corruptly suppose that the estraungers finding it in an odde end of the world foisty and moisty tooke it at the first for a very cold countrey therof named it Hybernia as to say the Winterland But this errour beyng vpon short experieÌ„ce reformed it could not be that the name should haue liued long especially the first impositours subâ—…s the triall and able to alter the first no winâ—… Ireland â—…thâ—… boâ—… 〈◊〉 guesh that it should be named of Irelande But because I read nothing of them â—…any probable history I purpose not to builde vpon that coÌ„iecture Most credibly it is holden that the Hispaniardes the founders of the Irish has deuotion towardes Hispayn called then Iberia of Iberius tâ—…e sonne of Iuhall â—…tus the â—…spanishe 〈…〉 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 in Caâ—…i and the rather forther themselues had dwelled beside the famous riuer Iberus named the land Iberia for so â—…eland and many forreine chroniclers write it or Ibernia addyng the letter iâ—… for difference sake And fro Ibernia procéedeth Iberland or Iuerland from Iuerlande by contractioÌ„ Ireland for so much as in corruption of commoÌ„ talke and find that V. with his vocabel is easily lost and suppressed So we say ere for euer nere for neuer shoole for shoouâ—…ll ore for ouer enâ—… for euent dyle for deuil At the same tyme it was also named Scotia in reuerence of Scotach Scotia Scotach Gathelus the wyfe of Gathelus auncient capitayne of those Iberians that fâ—…itted from Hispayne into Ireland and the sayd Scotach was olde grandame to Hiberus and Hermon after the Scottish Chronicles who in any wise will haue their countreymen deriued from the Irish 〈…〉 Scot. â—…oâ—… cap. 9. and not froÌ„ the BritoÌ„s The name Scotia is of late yeres so vsually taken for that parte of Britayne that compriseth Scotland that diuers auncient Irish authours are holden to be borne in Scotland wheras in very déede their natiue soyle is Ireland As the famous schoole man Iohannes Duns Scotus Iohannes â—…inus Scotus â—…e in â—…land otherwise named donor Subtîlis for his subtill quiddities in scholasticall controuersies was an Irishe man borne and yet is taken for a Scotte Some hold opinion that he was born in Tathmon a market towne fiue myles distaunt from Weiseford Others auouche and that more truely that he was borne in Doune an olde auncient ciuitie in the North of Ireland and therof they gesse hym to be named Dunensis â—…hy â—…ciemen â—…re called Dunses and by contraction Duns which terme is so triuiall and common in all schooles that who so surpasseth others either in cauilling sophistry or subtill philosophy is forthwith nick-named a Duns Wherfore as Scotlande is named Scotia minor Scotia maâ—…r Scotia miâ—…r so Irelande is termed Scotia maior as the hed from whence y t name of Scotia minor tooke his ofspring The Irish also were named of the foresayd Gathelus or Gaudeilus Gaudeli Gaudeili In their Irish rythmes they terme Ireland very often Banno Banno I can not deuine what reason should lead their makers therto vnlesse it be the riuer in the couÌ„tie of Wieseford The riuer Banne named the Banne where the Britons vpon the conquest first arriued The place otherwise is called Bagganbun according to the olde auncient rithme 〈◊〉 â—…cke of Bagganbunâ—… Bagganbunne Ireland â—…eaâ—… lost and wunne For the remembraunce of which riuer so notoriously fawâ—…used aâ—… canâ—…th great likelyhoode that the name should be to the whole realme generally aforebed Sundry latin authors write Ireland Inuerna others Iuerna Inuerna Ioan. Camertes in cap. 35. Solini dingus Iâ—…erna Claudius nameth it Iberno The diueâ—… sâ—…e of which names grew for that â—â— their tyme the true and certayne name was not knowen so that they were contented to take it as they found it which matters is haÌ„dled by Hermolaus Barbards Hermol Barb. c. 16. in lib. 4. Plin. castig The name Irishe and Ireland curiously seuered There are some of the endes for t so quaint in seueryng the name Irish and Ireland as that they word be named Ireland men but in no wyse Irishmen But certes in my fantasie suche curious distinctors may be very aptly resembled to the foolishe butcher
mihi videtur ab hoc nomen habere ductum quod non sit aptus idque in sermonis nostri consuetudine perlate patet Nam qui aut tempus quo quid postulet non videt aut plura loquitur aut se ostentat aut eorum quibuscum est vel dignitatis vel commodi rationem non habet aut denique in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est is ineptus esse dicitur Hoc vitio cumulata est erudissima illa graecorum natio Itaque ê™ vim huius mali Graeci non vident ne nomen quidem ei vitio imposuerunt Vt enim quaeras omnia quomodo Graeci In eptum appellent non reperies Certes I haue béene of opinion sayeth Tully that among the whole crue of Latine termes the worde Ineptus hath béene of greatest importance or weight For he whome we name Ineptus séemeth to mée to haue the etimologie or ofspring of his name here hence deriued that he is not apt which stretcheth farre and wyde in the vsuall custome of our dailye speache or communication For he that doth not perceyue what is sitting or decent for euerye season or gabbleth more then he hath commission to doe or that in bragging boasting or peacockwise setteth hymselfe forth to the gaze by making more of the broth then y e flesh is worth or he y e regardeth not the vocation and affayres of them with whoÌ„ he entermedleth or in fine who so is stale w tout grace or ouer tedious in any matter he is tearmed Ineptus which is asmuch in Englishe Saucines in my phantisy as sausy or malapart The famous and learned Gréeke nation is generally dusked with this fault And for that the Grecians could not espy the innormity therof they haue not so much framed a term therto For if you should ransacke the whole Gréeke language you shall not finde a worde to counteruayle Ineptus Thus far Tully yet Budaeus woulde not séeme to acknowledge this barrennesse Budae lib. 2. de Asse part eius but that the Gréeke word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is equipolent to Ineptus but that I referre to the iudgement of the learned being very willing to finde out some other Budaeus that coulde fashion an Iryshe worde for Knaue whereof this discourse of Ineptus grewe As the whole realme of Ireland is sundred into foure principall parts as before is sayd so eche parcell differeth very much in y e Irishe tongue euery country hauing his dialect or peculiar maner in speaking the language therfore commonly in Irelande they ascribe a propertye to eche of the foure countryes in this sorte Vlster hath the right Irishe phrase but not the true pronunciation Mounster hath y e true pronunciation but not the phrase Leinster is deuoyde of the right phrase and true pronunciation Connaght hath both the right phrase and true pronunciation There is a cholerike or disdainfull interiection vsed in the Irishe language Irishe Boagh called Boagh which is as much in English as twish The Irish both in auncient tyme and to this day commonly vse it therfore the English Conquerors called them Irishe poghes or pogh Maurice which tauntyng terme is at this day very wrongfully ascribed to them of the English pale The English interiection foagh which is vsed in lothing Foagh a ranke or strong sauour séemeth to be sibbe to the other Of the nature of the soyle and other incidentes Chap. 2. THe soyle is lowe and watrish encludeth diuers little Islandes enuironned wyth lakes and marrish Highest hilles haue standyng pooles in theyr tops Inhabitantes especially new come are subiect to distillations reumes and flires For remedy wherof they vse an ordinary drinke of Aqua vitae Aqua vitae so quallified in the makyng that it dryeth more and enflameth lesse then other whote confections One Theoricus wrote a proper treatise of Aqua vitae Theoric Episc Hermenensis in Romanula iuxta Bononiam wherein he prayseth it to the ninth degrée He destmguisheth thrée sortes therof Simplex composita and Perfectissima He declareth the simples and ingrediences thereto belongyng He wisheth it to be taken as well before meate as after It dryeth vp the breakyng out of handes The commodities of Aqua vitae and killeth the fleshe wormes if you wash your handes therewith It skoureth all skurse and skaldes from the head beyng therewith daily washte before meales Beyng moderately taken sayth he it sloeth age it strengtheneth youth it helpeth digestion it cutteth fleume it abandoneth melancholy it relisheth the hart it lighteneth the mynd it quickeneth the spirites it cureth the hydropsie it healeth the strangury it pouÌ„ceth the stone it expelleth grauell it puffeth away all Ventositie it kepeth and preferueth the hed from whirlyng the eyes from dazelyng the tongue from lispyng the mouth froÌ„ mafflyng the téeth froÌ„ chatteryng the throte from ratling the weasan from stieflyng the stomacke from wambling the harte from swellyng the belly from wirtchyng the guts from rumblyng the handes from shiuering the smowes from shrinkyng the veynes froÌ„ crumpling the bones from akyng the marraw from soakyng Vlst in coelo philos vel de secret nat cap. 11. Vlstadius also ascribeth thereto a singuler prayse and would haue it to burne beyng kindled which he taketh to be a token to know the goodnesse therof And truly it is a soueraigne liquour if it be orderly taken The ayre is very holesome not generally so cleare and subtill as that of Englande The weather is more temperate beyng not so warme in Sommer nor colde in winter as it is in Englande and Flaunders The countrye is stoared with Bées contrarye to the opinion of some wryters who both in this other errours touching this countrye maye easily be excused as those that wrote by heresay No Vineyards yet Grapes growe there as in Englande They lacke the Roe buck as Polichronicon writeth Poli. lib. 2. cap. 32. They lack y e Bird called the Pye Howbeit in the Englishe pale to thys daye they vse to tearme a slye cosener a wyly Pye wily pye Camb. par 1. dist 3. Cambriense in his time coÌ„plaineth that Irelande had excesse of woode and very little champayne grounde but now the English pale is to naked Turfe is their most fewell and seacoale No venemous worme in Ireland No venemous créeping beaste is brought forth or nourished or can liue in Irelande being brought or sent And therfore the spyder of Ireland is wel known not to be venemous onely because a frogge was found lying in the medowes of Waterforde somewhat before the conquest they construed it to importe their ouerthrowe Camb. part 1. dist 1. Bede wryteth that serpentes conueighed to Irelande did presently die Bed lib. 1. Angl. Hist cap. 1. beyng touched with the smell of the lande that whatsoeuer came from Irelande was then of souereigne vertue against poysoÌ„ He exemplifieth in certayne men stung of Adders who dranke in water the scrapings
drowping as one in dispayre whē fortune seemed to frown nor too ioyful whē she was disposed to fawne He left no issue behind him in life but one daughter named Isabell William Marshall marieth the daughter of Erle Strangbow maried after .xiiij. yeares to William Earle Marshall After this the king of Englands Commissioners perceyuing what estimation and opinion the souldiers men of warre had conceyued of Reymonde Reymond cō◅ituted the kings lieutenat they authorised him lieutenaunt tyll the kings pleasure therein might be further knowne and herewith they returned into Englande to informe him of the chaunge of things in Irelande by the Earles death The king throughly informed how things stoode sent William Fitz Aldelme W◅lliam Fitz Aldelme lieutenant of Irelande Iohn Curcy Williā Cogan one of his trustie seruants as his lieutenāt into Ireland with .xx. knights ioyning with him in commission Iohn de Curey with other tenne knights also Fitz Stephans Miles Cogā with xx knights which two last remembred captaines had serued the king right valiauntly in those late ciuil warres which his sonnes had reysed against him Reymond vnderstāding that they were arriued met them with a braue number of knights in the borders of Wexford deliuering all the Cities townes castels togither with such hostages as he had into Aldelmes hands as the kings lieutenant of that kingdome Fitz Aldelme moued with enuie to see Reymond furnished with such a traine of lustie youthes he threatned to abate such pride and to make a scatter of those shieldes Frō that time forth aswell he as other lieutenāts of Irelād that succeeded him ceased not as it had bene by some purposed conspiracie to hinder the good fortune of Reymond The kinred of Reymond en◅yed Meiller Fitz Morice Fitz Gerald Fitz Stephans all that whole generation although no cankred enuy was able to roote out the plants of so plentifull an ofspring Now forasmuch as we haue to make so often mention of Reymond Meiller Heruie Fitz Aldelme Fitz Stephans being chiefe doers in the reducing of Irelād vnder the English subiection we haue thought it not impertinent to shew what maner of men in personages and qualities they were as Giraldus Cambrensis doth describe thē Reymond therefore was of a large mightie stature The discription of Reymond with yellow heares a little curling great eies gray and round his nose somewhat in height raysed well coloured of visage with a pleasant me◅rie countenance And although he was verie corpulent yet with a liuelinesse of spirit he recompenced the vnweldinesse of his fleshe and so ouermatched the grossenes of his bodie with the vertue of his mind He would passe the nights without sleep to see to the safetie of his army and as a surueyer of the watch he would go vp and down about the campe with marueylous care and diligence so that suche bandes as were vnder hys charge seldome or neuer attempted anye thing rashly or through negligēce came to hinderance neither delicate in his feeding nor fine in his apparell He would endure both heate and cold alike yeelding to neither of them both able to brydle wrath to abide al maner of painful trauails He seemed rather to profite than to rule ouer thē that were vnder his gouernment rather as a seruant than a maister and to conclude he was bountifull curteous and wise And although he was right vertuous and readie to bidde battaill yet he excelled moste in prudent policie and prouident foresight so as he iustly deserued to be cōmended both for a valiant souldiour and a circumspect Captaine Thus much for Reymond Meiller was browne of colour with black eies The descriptiō of Meiller and of countenaunce grim and sterne of stature somewhat lesse than the common sort but yet of passing strēgth for the quantitie of his body with a brode breast and slender wast his armes and other limmes being greater of bone and sinewes than filled with flesh a right hardy knight ready to attēpt any enterprice y t was to be atchieued either alone or accōpanied the first to giue the onset in euery battel the last y t should depart forth of y e field nothing in him might be dispraised but y t he was giuen ouer much to spilling of bloud and so desirous of praise that he esteemed honor more than life This with more doth Giraldus Cambrensis report of the foresayd Meiller Now as cōcerning Heruey The discriptiō of Heruey he was of person beautiful with gray eies somwhat stāding outward or as we terme it bol eied a round vpright neck crump shoulders with lōg armes handes brode brested but in y e wast slēder with due proportiō thighes legs feet answerable to y e same in height not much exceeding the cōmon stature But as nature had garnished the outward partes of the man with sundry graces so had she disgraced the inner parts with sundry vices for euen frō his youth he was giuē to sensuall lust not caring with what womā he delt so he might satisfie hys liking not sparing kinswoman nor other Beside this he was enuious slanderous a sower of sinister reports double in all his dealings crafty fair spokē deceitful in incōstancy only cōstant somtime set aloft through fortunes fauor after cast downe without hope of recouery In the French warres he had shewed good prouf of his valiancy but after his cōming into Ireland Giral seemeth to speake enuiously of this man his praise wōderfully decayed As by Giral Cam. it should appere At length he becam a Monk at Canterbury as in another place is specified Now as cōcerning Fitz Aldelm The discription of Fitz Aldelme he was of stature somwhat bigger thā y e mean sort of hādsom proportion a man liberall and pleasant but subtill and deceytfull ynough in outwarde countenaunce curteous friendly and gentle but inwardly conteyning more gall than honie hys wordes were as soft as Oyle but they proued pearcing Dartes whom this day he honoured to morow he would spoyle oppressing the weake and bearing with the rebell harde to those that were ouercome and easie to them that helde good agaynst him giuen to wine and women and as he was Courtly so was he couetous Fitz Stephans was a man of a large and sound body of a right seemely countenance of stature somwhat exceeding the common sort bountifull liberall and pleasant but giuen to wine and women aboue all measure Thus much of these gentlemen being accounted among the chiefe of those Captaynes that cōquered Ireland Of Earle Strangbow hath bene sayde before of Curcy and Lacie ye shall heare partly hereafter But now to returne where we left The first attempt that Fitz Aldelme made to the hynderance of that progenie Maurice Fitz Gerald departeth this life 1177 was agaynst the sonnes of Maurice Fitz Gerald taking occasion by the deceasse of the same Maurice who departed this life about the
sonne Iohn he bequeathed the Earledome of Mortaign And further he appoynted where he woulde haue his body to be buryed Polid. King Henry the sone his misordr In this meane tyme Henry the sonne remaynyng at home in Englande fell from all good order of measure keeping and gaue hym selfe to all excessiue riot spending and wasting his reuenewes inordinately Of whiche dealing his father being aduertised returned into Englande where he taryed not long but passed ouer againe into Normandy A◅n regn 16. hauyng his said sonne in his companye meaning thereby to remoue hym from the company of those that were very like to corrupt his nature and frame the same to all lewdnesse In this meane while Thomas the Archbishop of Canterbury remayned in exile almost sixe yeares 1170. and could not be restored tyll partly through the minatorie threates of the Pope and partly through the earnest suite made by Lewes the French Kyng Theobald Earle of Bloys and other King Henry beganne somwhat to shew hym selfe conformable towards an agreement Ex Quadrilogio The king the archb Becket met together in presence of the French kyng Wherupon at diuers tymes the two kings met and the Archbishop Thomas came with the French King and at one tyme he humbled hym selfe so to the King of Englande that kneeling downe at his feete saide My soueraigne liege Lorde I commit the whole cause of the controuersie betwixt your Grace and me vnto your maiesties order Gods honour onely reserued The King offended with that ambiguous exception said to the King of Fraunce What so euer displeaseth this man is taken as he interpreteth it contrary to Gods honour and so by that shyft wyll he challenge to hym selfe all that belongeth vnto me But bicause ye shall not thinke that I goe about to resist Gods honour or hym in any reasonable order looke what the greatest and most holy of all his auncestours haue done vnto the meanest of myne auncestours let hym doo the same vnto me and I am contented therwith All the company present cryed that the king humbled hym selfe enough My Lord Archbishop said the French King wyll ye be greater than Saintes and better than Saint Peter Whereof stande you in doubt Beholde your peace is at hand The Archbishop made answere in commendation of the present state of holy Churche as thus My holy predecessours in their tyme The present state of the church in Beckets dayes although they cut not all things away that extolled it selfe against God yet dyd they cut of diuers of them but if they had plucked vp all by the harde rootes which might offende who should nowe haue raised the fire of temptation agaynst vs Wee are in muche better case thankes be to God so that as we haue laboured in their lot and number so are we partakers of their labour and rewarde What if any of them had bin faint or exceeded in any poynt are we bounde to folowe the example of their faintnesse or excesse We blame Peter for his denying of Christe but we prayse hym in reprouyng of Neroes violence with daunger of his lyfe The Churche hath risen and increased out of many daungerous oppressions our fathers haue suffered many things bicause they woulde not forsake the name of Christe and ought I to suppresse his honour to be reconciled vnto any mans fauour God forbyd said he God forbyd When the Noble men present hearde this answeare of a subiect against his Soueraigne The archb Becker blamed of arrogancie they all held against him imputing the fault to the Bishops arrogancie that the peace was not made betweene the king and hym in so muche that there was an Earle which openly said syth that hee resisteth the wyll of both the Realmes he is not worthy to be succoured by either of them from henceforth and therefore being cast out of Englande let not France receyue hym The Councell then being broken vp the Kings departed without biddyng the Archbishop farewell and such as were mediatours for peace in departing from this meting spake many reprochefull wordes to hym Archb. Becket vvilful in his ovvne opinion alledgyng that he had benne euer stoute and wise in his owne conceit and a folower of his owne will and opinion adding that it was a great hinderaunce to the Churche that he was ordeyned Archbishop and that by hym the Churche was alreadye in part destroyed and woulde shortly be altogether brought to ruine But the Archbyshop settyng a watche before his mouth kept silence as though he had not heard and folowed the Frenche king with his people Many saide by the way as they iourneyed Beholde the Archbishop yonder whiche in talke the last night woulde not for the pleasure of the King denie God nor keepe his honor in silence After this when the Archbishop was come to Sens and aduised with himselfe whether it shoulde bee best for him to goe at length hee saide God is able in the last poynte of miserie and distresse to help those chat be his and herewith came a messenger from the French King to bring him to the Court for the French King as one that had bin better instructed in the matter repented himselfe that he had iudged euil of his aunsweres at the last meeting and herevppon receyued him againe into his fauour and rested not to trauell so muche in his cause The French King receyueth the Archbishop Becket agayne into fauoure that at length another meeting was assigned at a certayne place neere the confines of Normandy whther King Henry came and there foūd Kyng Lewes the Archbishop of Rouen and diuers other Bishops togither with the foresaide Archbishop The Archb. is reconciled to the king who after they had reasoned of the matter throughly as they saw cause K. Henry receiued the Archbishop into his fauour againe and promised to redresse all that hadde bin done amisse and pardon all those that had followed him out of the Realme wherevppon the King and the Archbishop being recōciled the Archbishoppe the same day came before the Kings presence and talked with him And amongst other things the Archbishop required of the King that it might be lawfull vnto him withoute the offending of his maiestie to punish a◅ or ◅ing o◅ the sensures of the Churche the iniurie done vnto him by the Archbyshop of Yorke and other Bishops in the Coronation of his sonne which the King graunted and shewed himselfe in all things to the Archbyshop at that time so curteous that as it is said he held his stirrop when he mounted on Horsbacke But whereas twice within a few dayes after The King vvould not kisse the paxe vvith the Archb. the King and the said Archbishop met at Masse the King refused the kisse of peace with him which was marked as a signe of a fained reconciliation though indeede he afterwardes entertained him very curteously and at his departure ouer into England tooke leaue of hym in frindly manner and
Aques whiche the vicount of Aques and the Earle of Bigoâ—…re hadde fortified against him but he wan it within tenne dayes after his comming before it â—…n Reg. 23. â—â—lidor â—â—ffrey the â—â—ngs base â—â—ne made â—â—â—hop of â—â—â—colne Moreouer Kyng Henry to auoyde further slaunder placed for Byshoppe in that see of Lincolne a Bastard sonne which he had named Geffrey after hee had kept that Bishopricke in hys hands so long till he had almost cleerely destroyed it And his sonne that was nowe made Bishoppe to help the matter for his parte made hauocke in wasting and spending foorthe in riotous manner the goodes of that Churche and in the end forsooke hys myter and left the See agayne in the Kyngs hands to make his best of it Furthermore the King in times past made a vowe to builde a new Monasterie in satisfactioÌ„ of his offences committed against Thomas the Archbishop of Canterbury and nowe therefore hee required of the Bishoppes and other spirituall fathers to haue some place by them assigned where he might begin that foundation But whilest they shoulde haue taken aduice heerein hee secretely practised with the Cardinals and with diuers other Bishops that hee mighte remoue the secular Canons out of the Colledge at Waltham and place therein regular Canons so to saue money in his cofers plantyng in another mans vineyard But yet bycause it should not be thought he did this of suche a couetous meaning hee promised to giue great possessions to that house whiche hee after but slenderly performed though vppon licence obteyned at the Bishoppes handes he displaced the Canons Priests displaced and Chanons regular put in theyr roomthes and broughte in to their roumthes the Chanons as it were by way of exchange Also the same yeare hee thrust the Nunnes of Amesbury out of their house Rog. Houed Nunnes of Amesburie bycause of their incontinente liuing in abusing theyr bodyes greatly to theyr reproche and bestowed them in other Monasteries to bee kepte within more straightly And theyr house was committed vnto the Abbesse and couent of Founteuererd the whyche sent ouer certayne of their number to furnishe the house of Amesbury wherein they were placed by the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury in the presence of the King and a greate number of others About the same time Mat. Paâ—â—â— Polidor came Ambassadors vnto King Henry from Alfonse King of Castile and Garsias King of Nauarre to aduertise him that in a coÌ„trouersie risen betwixt the said two Kings touching the possession of certaine groundes neere vnto the confines of their Realmes they had chosen him for Iudge by compromise promising vppon their othes to stande vnto and abide his order and decree therein Therefore they required hym to end the matter by his authoritieâ—… sith they had wholly put it to his iudgement Rog. Houed Furthermore eyther King hadde sente a most able and valiaunt Knighte furnished with horse and armoure ready in their Princes cause to fight the combate if K. Henry should happily committe the triall of their quarrell vnto the iudgement of battayle King Henry gladly accepted their request so y t therevppon calling his counsellours togither hee aduised with them of the thing â–ª â—…olidor and hearing euery mans opinion at length hee gaue iudgemente so with the one that the other was contented to bee agreeable therevnto Within a while after Philip Earle of Flaunders came ouer into England to doe his deuotioÌ„s at the Tombe of Thomas Archbishop of Caunterbury of whome the most part of men then had conceyued an opinion of such holynesse that they reputed him for a Saint The King mette hym there and very friendly enterteyned him and bycause he was appoynted shortly after to goe ouer into the holy land to warre against Goddes enimies the King gaue him fiue hundred markes in reward and licenced William Mandeuile Earle of Essex to go in that iourney with other Lords Knightes and men of warre of sundry nations that were of his dominions The King then returning vnto London tooke order for the establishing of things touching the 〈◊〉 of the Realme and his owne estate Rog. Houedâ—… And first he appoynted the custodie of such Castels as were of most importance by their situation vnto the keeping of certaine worthy Captaynes To Sir William de Stuteuille hee assigned the custodie of Rockesburgh Castell to Sir Roger de Stuteuille the Castell of Edinburgh to Sir William Neuille the Castell of Norham to Sir Geffrey Neuill the Castell of Berwike and to the Archbishop of Yorke hee deliuered the Castell of Scarbarrough and Sir Roger Conyers hee made Captayne of the tower of Durham Durham Tower which he had taken from the Bishop bycause hee had shewed himself an vnstedfast man in the time of the ciuill warre and therefore to haue the kings fauoure againe hee gaue to hym two thousande markes with condition that his castels myghte stand and that his sonne Henry de Putcey alias Pudsey Henry de Pudsey might enioy one of the Kynges manor places called Wighton About the same time it rayned bloud in the I le of Wighte by the space of two dayes togither so that linen clothes that hoong on the hedges were couloured therewith which vnketh wonder caused the people as the manner is to suspect some euill of the sayd Iohns gouernement Moreouer to this Parliament holden at Oxenforde all the chiefe rulers and gouernoures of Southwales and Northwales repaired and became the King of Englands liege men Rog. Houed swearing fealtie to him against all men Heerevpon he gaue vnto Rice ap Griffin Prince of Southwales the lande of Merionith and to Dauid ap Owan hee gaue the lands of Ellesmare Also at the same time hee gaue and confirmed vnto Hugh Lacie as before is saide the lande of Meth in Ireland with the appurtenances for the seruice of an hundred knightes or men of armes to holde of him and of his sonne Iohn by a charter whyche he made therof and also he deuided there the landes and possessions of Irelande with the seruices to his subiectes as well of England as Irelande appoynting some to holde by seruice to fynde fortie knights or menne of armes and some thirtie and so foorth Vnto two Itish Lordes hee graunted the kyngdome of Corgh for the seruice of fortie knights and to other three Lordes hee gaue the kingdome of Limeryke for the seruice of the lyke number of knightes to bee holden of him and his sonne Iohn reseruyng to him selfe and to his heires the Citie of Lymerike with one Cantred To William Fitz Aldelme hys Sewer William Fitz Aldelme he gaue the Citie of Willeford with the appurtenaunces and seruices and to Roberte de Poer his Marshall Robert de Poer Hugh Lacy. he gaue the Citie of Waterforde and to Hugh Lacy hee committed the safe keping of the Citie of Dyuelyne And these persons to whome suche giftes and assignations were made receyued othes of fealtie to beare theyr allegiance
said Erles brother c. But now to returne after that the Earle of Bullongne was expulsed out of Fraunce as before ye haue heard he came ouer vnto K. Iohn and was of him ioyfully receiued hauing three C. lb. of reuenewes in land to him assigned within EnglaÌ„d for y e which he did homage and fealtie vnto him also Shortly after this also died William de Breuse the elder which fledde from the face of K. Iohn out of Irelande into Fraunce and departing this lyfe at Corbell was buried at Paris in the Abey of S. Victor Polidor In y e meane time Pope Innocent after y e returne of his Legates out of England perceyuing y e K. Iohn would not be ordred by him determined with the consent of his Cardinals and other couÌ„sellors also at the instant sute of y e English Bishops other Prelates being ther with him to depriue Kyng Iohn of his kingly estate and so firste assoyled all his subiects and vassals of theyr othes of allegiaÌ„ce made vnto the same King and after depriued him by solomne protestation of his Kingly administration and dignitie and lastly signifieth vnto the French King and other Christian Princes of that his depriuation admonishing them to pursue King Iohn being thus depriued forsaken and condemned as a common enimie to God and his Church Hee ordeyned furthermore that whosoeuer employed goodes or other ayde to vanquish and ouercome that disobedient Prince should remaine assured in peace of the Church as well as those whiche wente to visit the Sepulchre of our Lord not only in their goodes and persons but also in suffrages for sauing of their soules But yet that it might appere to al men that nothing could be more ioyfull vnto his holinesse than to haue K. Iohn to repente his trespasses committed and to aske forgiuenes for the same â—…dulfe sent â—…o Fraunce â—…ractise â—…h the FreÌ„ch â—…or K. Iohn destructioÌ„ hee appointed Pandulph whiche lately before was returned to Rome with a great number of English exiles to goe into Fraunce togither with Stephen the Archbishop of Caunterbury and the other English Bishops giuing him in commandement that repayring vnto the French K. he shoulde communicate with him all that which he had appoynted to be done agaynst K. Iohn and to exhorte the Frenche K. to make war vpon him as a person for his wickednes excommunicate Moreouer this Pandulph was commaunded by the Pope if he saw cause to goe ouer into England and to deliuer vnto K. Iohn suche letters as the Pope had written for his better instruction and to seeke by al meanes possible to draw him from his naughty opinion In the meane time when it was bruted through the Realme of England that the Pope had releassed the people and assoyled them of their oth of fidelitie to the K. and that he was depriued of his gouernement by the Popes sentence by little and little a great number both of Souldiers CitizeÌ„s Burgesses Captaines and CoÌ„nestables of Castels leauing their charges and Bishops with a great multitude of Priests reuolting from him and auoiding his company and presence secretely stale away â—…ath VVest â—…at Paris and gote ouer into Fraunce Notwithstanding that diuers in respect of the Popes curse and other coÌ„siderations them mouing vtterly refused in this maner to obey K. Iohn yet there were many others that did take his parte and maynteyne his quarrell right earnestly â—…e names of 〈◊〉 noble men â—…t continued â—…e vnto king â—…n as his brother William Earle of Salisbury Albericke de Veer Earle of Oxforde Geffrey Fitz Peter Lord chiefe Iustice of England also three Bishops Durham Winchester and Norwich Richarde Marish Lord ChaÌ„cellor Hugh Deuill chiefe forrester William de Wrothing Lord Warden of the portes Roberte Veipount and his brother Yuan Brian de Lisle Geffrey de Lucy Hugh Balliole and his brother Barnard William de Cantlow and his sonne William Foulke de Cantlow Reginalde de Cornehull Sherife of Kent Robert Braybrooke and his son Harry Phillip de Louecotes Iohn de Bassingborne Phillippe March Chatelaine of Nottingham Peter de Maulley Robert de Gangy Gerard de Athie and his Nephewe Ingelrand William Brewer Peter Fitz Hubert Thomas Basset and Foulks de Breant a Norman with many other too long here to reherse who as fautors and counsellers vnto him sought to defende him in all causes notwithstanding the censures of the Churche so cruelly pronounced agaynste hym The same yeare King Iohn held his Christmas at Windsor and in the Lent following 1212 on midlent Sunday beeing at London hee honored the Lorde Alexander sonne and heire to the Kyng of Scottes with y e high order of Knighthoode And as I fynde it mentioned by some writers Bernewell whereas he vnderstoode how there were dyuers in Scotlande that conteinning their naturall Lorde and Kyng by reason of his great age King Iohn wente thither with an army to represse the Rebels and being come thither hee sendeth his men of warre into the inner parts of the Countrey who scouring the coastes tooke Guthred Macwilliam Capitaine of them that moued the sedition whome Kyng Iohn caused to be hanged on a paire of Gallowes This Guthred was discended of the line of the auncient Scottishe Kynges and beeing assisted with the Irishmen and Scottes that fauoured not y e race of the Kyngs that presently raigned wrought theÌ„ muche trouble as his father named Donald hadde done before him sometime secretly vnder hande and sometime agayne by way of open Rebellion Shortly after the Welchmen began to sturre also and rushing foorthe of their owne confynes The Welshmen moue Rebellion Mat. Par. fell vppon their next neigbours within the Englishe marches wasted the countrey and ouerthrew diuers Castels flatte to the grouÌ„d Whervpon the King hauing knowledge therof An. reg 14. assembled a mighty army out of hande and commyng to Nottingham King Iohn hangeth the Welsh pledges he hanged vp the Welsh hostages whiche the last yeare hee had receyued to the number of eight and tweÌ„tie yong striplings and by reason he was now set in a maruellous chafe he roughly proceded against all those whome hee knew not to fauour his cause some he dischargeth of their offices other hee depriueth of their Captayneshippes and other roomes and reuoketh certaine priuiledges and immunities graunted to Monkes Priests and meÌ„ of Religion And now hauing his army redy to haue gone into Wales hee receyued letters the same time both from the K. of Scottes and from his daughter the wife of Leoline Prince of Wales conteyning in effecte the aduertisement of one selfe matter which was to let him vnderstand that if he went forward on his iourney he should eyther through treason bee slayne of his owne Lords or else bee deliuered to be destroyed of his enimies Mat. Paris King Iohn breaketh vp his army The K. iudging no lesse but that the tenor of the letters conteyned a truth brake vp his army and returned
some write the Earle of Leicester placed Kyng Henry in the fronte of his battell whome he had there with him as captiue and had arrayed him in his owne coate armour that if fortune went against him whilest the enimies should be earnest to take the K. bearing the semblaunce of the chiefe Captayne hee mighte himselfe escape but King Henry wheÌ„ they came to ioyne fought not but called to his people and declared who he was whereby hee escaped the daunger of deathe for being knowen of them he was saued The Welchmen whiche in greate numbers the Earle of Leicester had there on his side â—…e Welchâ—… fledde at the firste onset fledde and ranne away whiche their demeanor when the Earle sawe hee exhorted those that were about him to play the men and so rushing foorth into the prease of his enimies hee was enclosed about and slayne â—…e Earle of â—…cester â—…e togither with his sonne Henry Herevpon his death beeing knowen hys people tooke them to flight as men vtterly discomfited There dyed in that battell about 4000. men as Polidor hathe but Richarde Southwell saith there were killed of Knightes or rather men of armes 180. and of yeomen or rather dimelances 220. of Welchmen 5000. and of such footemeÌ„ as were of the Earle of Leicesters owne retinue 2000. so that there dyed in all to the number of tenne thousand men as the same Southwell affirmeth Among whiche of noble men these are reckoned Hugh Spencer Lord chiefe Iustice the Lord Raulf Basset the Lord Peter de Mountford 〈◊〉 VVest the Lord Iohn Beauchampe Sir William Yorke the Lorde Thomas de Esterley the Lord Walter de Creppings Guy de Baillioll a Frenchmen the Lord William de Maundeuill the Lord Roger Saint Iohn the Lord Roberte Tregoz and other This ruine fell to the BaroÌ„s by the discord whiche was sproong lately before betwixt the Earles of Leicester and Gloucester The pride of the Earle of Leicesters sonnes bringeth the Barons to confusion through the insolency and pride of the Earle of Leicesters sonnes who as I sayde before despising other of the nobilitie spake many reprochfull wordes by the sayde Earle of Gloucester and vsed him in such euill sorte that he vpon displeasure thereof hadde not onely procured the scape of Prince Edwarde but ioyned with him in ayde agaynste the sayde Earle of Leicester and other of the Barons to the vtter confusion both of them and of theyr cause The body of the same Earle was shamefully abused and cut in peeces his head and his priuie members were cutte off and fastned on eyther side of his nose and presented vnto the wife of the Lord Roger Mortimer The people conceyued an opinion Polidor that thys Earle beeing thus slayne fighting in defence of the liberties of the Realme and performance of his oth as they tooke it dyed a Martir whiche by the bruted holynesse of his passed lyfe and miracles ascribed to him after his death was greatly confirmed in the nexte age but the feare of the Kyngs displeasure stayed the people from the hasty honoring hym as a Saint at thys tyme where otherwise they were enclined greatlye thereto reputing him for no lesse in their conscience as in secret talke they woulde not sticke to vtter There were wounded and taken Mat. VVest beside the other that were slayne at that battayle of Euesham Guy de Mountfort the Erle of Leicesters sonne the Lordes Iohn Fitz Iohn Henry de Hastings Humfrey de Bohun the yonger Iohn de Vescy Peter de Mountfort the yonger and Nicholas de Segraue with others The Kyng being now deliuered out of his aduersaries haÌ„ds and likewise the King of Romaines went vnto Warwike and there encreasing his power determined to pursue his enimies But fyrste about the Natiuitie of oure Lady A Parliament at Winchester was a Parliament holdeÌ„ at Winchester where the statutes of Oxford were cleerely repealled Also all suche as hadde fauoured the Barons and were as then eyther in prison or abrode should be disenherited It was also ordeyned at this Parliamente that the welthiest Citizens of London should bee cast into prison and that the Citie should bee depriued of hir liberties Also that the Stulpes and cheynes wherewith the streates were fenced should be hadde away bycause that the Citizens had ayded the Earle of Leicester against the king and his Realme All this was done for the chiefe Citizens were committed to warde within the Castell of Windsor till they had payde no small summes of money for theyr fynes The liberties of the Citie were suspended and the Tower of London was made stronger by the stulpes and cheynes whiche were broughte into it out of the Citie Moreouer bycause Simon de Mountfort might not agree with the King beeing come to this Parliamente vpon assurance he was restored to the Castell of Kenelworth After this A Parlâ—… at Welâ—…ster in the feast of the translation of Saint Edwarde a Parliamente was holden at Westminster and the sentence of disenheriting the Kyngs aduersaries was pronounced against them whose lands the King forthwith gaue vnto his trusty subiectes where her thoughte good Some of the disenherited men redemed their possessions with a portion of money in name of a fyne Other of them flocking togither got them into the woddes and deserte places where keeping them out of sighte as outlawes they liued by spoyle and robberies The chiefest of theÌ„ was Robert Earle of Ferrers who neuerthelesse Earle 〈◊〉 was restored to his landes but yet with condition that if afterwards hee fell into the like cryme hee shoulde forfeit his Earledome for euer Fabian An. 〈◊〉 The LoÌ„doners with much adoe at length obteyned pardon of the Kyng Cardinall Otâ—…bone the Popes Legate Fabian About all hallowen tide Cardinall Othobon came from the Pope into Englande as hys Legate to help towards some agreemente to be had betwixte the K. and hys BaroÌ„s He was coÌ„mitted to prison as some write by the Londoners for that hee spake againste theyr doyngs when they shutte theyr gates agaynste the Kyng but hee was shortly releassed as shoulde appeare The sixth daye of Nouember in the fiftish yeare of hys raigne King Henry came to Westminster and shortly after hee gaue away the noÌ„ber of threescore houses with the houshold stuffe in the same conteyned so that the owners were compelled to redeeme them agayne of those hys seruauntes to whome hee hadde giuen the sayde houses togyther with all suche landes goodes and cattayles as the same Citizens had within any part of England One Oâ—… made 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 Londâ—… Then was one called sir Othon made Custos or gardein of the Citie who was also Connestable of the Tower hee chose to bee Baâ—…liâ—… had to bee accomptable to the Kings vse Iohn Adrian and Walter Henry Citizens of the 〈◊〉 Citie The Kyng also tooke pledges of the heâ—… mâ—…nâ—…nes of the Citie the wâ—… pledges hee caused to be put in the Tower and there
into Ireland to his lordship of Vlster wherof he was owner by right of his saide mother but whilest he remained there to pacifie the rebellions of the wild Irishe The Earle of Marche 〈◊〉 by the vvâ—… Irishe a great number of them togither assembled came vpon him and slew him togither with the moste part of his companie This Roger erle of Marche had issue Edmunde and Roger Anne Ales and Eleanore The 〈◊〉 of the 〈…〉 of Marche whiche Eleanor was made a Nunne The .ij. sonnes died without issue and Anne the eldest of the daughters was married to Richarde erle of Cambridge son vnto Edmunde of Langlie before remembred The which Richard had issue by the saide Anne a sonne called Richard that was after Duke of Yorke and father to king Edwarde the fourth also a daughter named Isabell afterwardes married to the lorde Bourcher This Richard Erle of Cambridge was put to deathe by Henry the fifth as after ye shall heare Moreouer in this yeare Henry of Bullingbrooke Earle of Darbie married a daughter heir of HuÌ„frey Bohun erle of Hereford in whose right he was after made duke of Herford by hir he had issue Henry that after hym was K. of this realme the Ladie BlaÌ„che Duches of Bar and the Ladie Phillip married to the king of Denmarke also Thomas Duke of Clarence Iohn Duke of Bedforde Humfrey duke of Gloucester The Gauntiners still mainteined warre againste the Earle of FlauÌ„ders during his life and after his deceasse against Phillip duke of Burgoin by such aide and comfort as they had from time to time of the king of Englande till finally this yeare aboute the eighteenth day of December a peace was concluded betwixt the saide duke and the towne of Gaont 〈…〉 and sir Iohn Bourchier that had laine a long season there as Captain vnder Kyng of Englande and Pâ—…ter de Boys one of the chiefe captaines of the Gauntiners before the concluding of this peace were safely conducted to Caleis by vertue of the duke of Buâ—…goigne his safe conduit and so they came ouer into Englande and the king gaue vnto Peter de Bois a pencion of an hundreth markes sterlyng yearely to be paide to him out of the staples of the woolles in London The king of Arâ—… commeth 〈◊〉 Englande 〈…〉 against â—…e Turkes This yere K. Richarde holding his Christmasse at Eltham thither came to him Leo king of Armeny whose countrey and realm beyng in daunger to be conquered of the Turkes he was come into those Weste partes of Christendome for aide and succour at the handes of the christian princes here The king honourably receiued him and after he had takeÌ„ counsell touching his request he gaue to him great suâ—… of money and other riche giftes with a stipende as some write of a M. poundes yerely to be paide to him during his life Tho. VVals After he had remained here a twoo Moneths space he tooke leaue of the king and departed The chiefest point of his errand was to haue procured a peace betwixt the two kings of England and Fraunce but destiny woulde not permit so good a purpose to take effect for the hatred which either nation bare to other woulde not suffer theyr loftye myndes to yeld in any one point further than semed good in their owne opinions Tâ—… VVal. Froissart Iâ—… Meâ—… 1â—…86 The duke of Lancaster goth 〈◊〉 Spayne vvith an armie In this nynthe yeare of Kyng Richarde though by other writers it shoulde seeme to bee rather in the yere folowing the Duke of Lancaster with a greate power of men of warre wente into Spain and ledde with hym thither his wife the Ladye Constance and a daughter whiche he had by hir named Katherin and two other daughters whiche hee hadde by hys former wife He hadde bene aboute the preparing of an armye and all furniture necessarie for thys iourneye a twoo or three yeares before and therefore hauing nowe a seuen galleis and eighteene shippes sente to hym out of Portingale whiche arriued at Bristowe he caused all such vesselles as be hadde prouided to resorte likewise thither where making his generall assemble when all his men of warre were come togyther he bestowed them aboorde wyth all their horses and purueyaunces and causing sailes to bee hoisted vp set foreward on his long wished iorney This was in the Moneth of Maye when the seas were calme the ayre swete the winds plesant and agreeable to his purpose He apointed for Admirall of his whole fleet sir Thomas Percie sir Iohn Holland that was after created erle of Huntington and had maried one of his daughters was ordeined Constable of the hoste and Sir Thomas Moreaux hauing married his bastard daughter was one of his Marshalles There were that attended him in 〈◊〉 iourney many other Lordes and Knights of honor as the Lorde Lucie the Lord Valâ—…at the lord Basset the Lorde Willonghby the Lorde Fitz Walter the lord Poinings the lord Bradston y e L. of Pommiers a Gascoigne the L. Yâ—…e Fitz Warien Henry Lorde Beaumont William Lorde Beauchampe Sir Richard Burley that was another of the Marshalles of the armye Sir Hughe Spenser Sir Wyllyam Windesor sir Iohn Daubreticourte sir Hugh Hastings sir Wyllyam Fartington sir Thomas Worceter sir Thomas TreshaÌ„ sir Mauburin de â—…iâ—…iers sir Thomas Worceter Syr Iohn Sowtrey sir Roberte Clinton sir Phillippe Tirell sir Lewes Rochester Huguelin Caluerley Dauid Holgâ—…ue Thomas Alerie Hobequin Beaucester and diuers other they were in all to the number of fifteene hundreth men of armes whereof a thousande at the least were Knightes and Esquiers besides a foure thousande Archers and other men of warre so perfectly appointed and arrayed as coulde bee thought meete and conuenient Tho. VVals The duke of Lancaster landeth at Breste and vvinnethe tvvo Bastides froÌ„ the frenchemenne As they passed by Britaine they landed at Breste the captaine whereof at that time named Sir Iohn Roche finding himselfe greatly annoyed by the frenchmen that were lodged in two Bastides erected before the Castell declared to the Duke in what state he stoode Wherevppon he caused the saide Bastides to be assailed which was done by the lorde Fitz Walter others who bare theÌ„selues so manfully that the Bastides were won broken downe a great praye with prisoners obteyned although not without losse of diuers valiant personages And thus were they within Brest castell deliuered of their vnfrendly neighboures by the duke of Lancaster and his people An. reg 10. The Duke of Lancaster landeth at Groigne Froissart Le Groigne 〈◊〉 Coronâ—… Who hauing done their feat tooke the seas and sailed forth till they came on the coastes of Gallice where on S. Laurence euen they arriued in the haueÌ„ of Groigne otherwise called Corun and there they vnshipped al their prouisions determining to inuade the country on that side After the duke had remained theâ—… a moneth he went to Copostella and there so iorned for a season during the which
subtill dealing wyth hym and theyr malapecte presumption in that they shoulde seeme to goe aboute to teache him what belonged to the dutie of a Conquerour and therefore since it appeared that the same was vnknowne vnto them hee declared that the Goddesse of battayle called Bellona had three Handmaydens euer of necessitie attending vpon hir as bloud fyre and famyne And whereas it laye in hys choyce to vse them all three yea two or one of them at his pleasure hee hadde yet appoynted onely the meekest Mayde of those three Damoselles to punishe them of that Citye tyll they were brought to reason And where as the gayne of a Captaine atteyned by any of the sayde three Handâ—…ydens was both glorious honourable and worthie of tryumphe yet of all the three the yongest Mayde whiche hee meant to vse at that tyme was moste profytable and commodious And as for the poore people lying in the Dyrches if they dyed through famyne the faulte was theyrs that lyke cruell Tyraunis hadde put them oute of the Towne to the intente hee shoulde slea them and yet had hee saued theyr lyues so that if any lacke of charitie was it rested in them and not in hym but to theyr â—…ked request hee ment not to gratifie them whâ—… so much but they should keepe them still to â—…e to spende theyr vytayles and as to assaulte the Towne hee tolde them that hee woulde they shoulde knowe hee was both able and wylling thereto as he shoulde see occasion but the â—…e was in hys hande to tame them eyther wyth bloude fyre or famine or with them all whereof he woulde take the choyse at his pleasure 〈◊〉 not at theyrs This aunswere put the French Ambassadors in a great study musing much at hys â—…llent witte and hautinesse of courage and after they had dyued as his commaundement was they should with his officers they vpon consultation had togither required once againe to haue accesse to his royall presence which being graunted they humbling themselues on their knees besought him to take a truce for eight dayes A â—…ce for eight dayes during the whiche they mighte by theyr commissions take some ende and good conclusion with him and his Counsaile The King like a mercifull Prince graunted to them their asking with whiche answer they ioyfully returned After their departure were appoynted and set vp three tentes the one for the Lordes of Englande the seconde for the Commissioners of the Citie and the thirde for both parties to assemble in and to treate of the matter The Commissioners for the Englishe parte were the Earles of Warwicke and Salisburie the Lorde Fitz Hugh sir Walter Hungerford sir Gilbert Vmfreuille sir Iohn Robsert and Iohn de Vasques de Almada And for the French part were appoynted Sir Guy de Butteler and sixe other Comissioners appoynted These Commissioners met euery day arguing and reasoning aboute a conclusion but nothing was done the spare of eight dayes nor so much as one article concluded wherefore the Englishe men tooke downe the Tentes and the Frenchmen tooke theyr leaue but at their departing they remembring themselues required the Englishe Lordes for the loue of God that the truce might endure till the Sunne rysing the next day to the which the Lordes assented When the French Commissioners were returned into the Citie without any conclusion of agreement the poore people ran about the streetes trying and calling the captaines and gouernors murtherers manquellers saying that for their pride and stiffe stomackes all this miserye was happened threatning to flea them if they woulde not agree to the King of Englande hys demaunde The Magistrates herewyth amased called all the townesmen togither to knowe theyr myndes and opinions The whole voyce of the CoÌ„mons was to yeelde rather than to sterue Then the Frenchmen in the Euening came to the Tent of sir Iohn Robsert requyring him of gentlenesse to moue the king that the truce might be prolonged for foure dayes The king therevnto agreed and appoynted the Archbishop of Canterburie the other seuen before named for his part and the Citizens appoynted a like number for them So the Tents were again set vp and dayly they met togither The articles coÌ„cerning the yelâ—…ng vp of â—…are and on the fourth daye they accorded on this wise that the Citie and Castell of Roane should be delyuered vnto the king of England at what time after the middest of the .xix. day of that present moneth of Ianuarie the sayde King willed the same and that all the Captaines and othermen whatsoeuer dwelling or beeing within the sayd Citie and Castell should subant them in all things to the grace of the sayd king and further that they should pay to the sayde king three hundred thousande Sentes of Golde when of alwayes two should be woorth an English Noble or in the stead of â—…rie Stuâ—… .xxv. great blankes white or .xv. grotes Moreouer it was accorded that euerie souldier and straunger bâ—…g in the sayde Citie and Cashl shoulde sweare on the Euangelistes before their departure not to â—…re atmoâ—… agaynst the king of Englande before the first day of Ianuarie next to coâ—…e Also they wichâ—… the towne should suffer al the poore people lying to 〈◊〉 or about the ditches of the Citie which for peâ—… were chased oute to enter the Citie againe and to 〈◊〉 them sufficient for â—…til the sayd â—…tenth day of Ianuarie There were taketh other Articles in all to the number of .xxij. agreed aswell on the behalfe of the Citizens as of king Henrie who graunted that all the Souldiers straungers and other within the said Citie and Castel at that time being not willing to become his sieges shuld depart after that the Citie and Castel was once yeelded freely without let leauing so the said king al their armors horses harnesse and goodes except the Normans which if they shoulde refuse to become â—…ages to hâ—… were appoynted to remayne as his prisoners Luca. Italico The Vicare general of the Archbi of Rouen for denouÌ„cing the king acursed was deliuered to him and deteyned in pryson til he dyed Titus Liuius One Alane BlaÌ„chart was like wise deliuered to him and by his commaundement put to death Translator of Titus Liuius King Henrieâ—… entry into Roane togither with one Luca Italico and certaine other When the day of appoyntment came which was the day of S. Wiolstan sir Gay de Butteler the Burgesses deliuered the keyes of the City Castel vnto the king of England beseeching him of fauor and compassion The king incontinently appoynted the Duke of Exceter with a great companie to take possession of the Citie who like a valiant Captaine mounted on a goodly courâ—… first entred into the Citie and after into the Castell The next day being Fryday the king in great tryumph like a conquerour accompanied wyth foure Dukes tâ—… Erles .viij. Bishops xvj Barons and a great mulâ—… of knightes esquiers and men of warre entred into Roan where hee was
which he fortified with men and ordinance very strongly In the meane time the Frenche King beeyng aduertised of all these doings reysed an army to resist this inuasion made by the Earle of Shrewesburie and firste he appointed his Captaynes to besiege the Towne of Chastillon to the rescue whereof the Earle hasled forward hauyng in his company eight hundred horsemen vnder the leading of his sonne the Lord Lisle the Lord Molins the Lord Cameys Sir Edward Hu◅ Sir Iohn Howard and Sir Iohn Vernon Hee appointed also fiue thousande footemen vnder the conduit of the Earle of Rendalle and the L. de Lesparre to follow him with al speede In his way hee tooke by fine force a tower whiche the Frenchmen had taken and slewe all that he found within it and after by the way he met fiue hundred frenchmen going a foraging of whome he slew the more part and cha◅d the other to the campe The Frenchmen that lay at the siege perceyuing by those good runners away that the Erle approched left y e siege retired in good order into the place whiche they hadde trenched diched and fortified with ordinance The Earle aduertised how the siege was remoued hasted forwarde towardes his enimies doubting most least they woulde haue bin quite fledde and gone before his comming but they fearing the displeasure of the French King who was not farre off if they should haue fled abode the Earles comming and so receiued him that though he firste with manfull courage and sore fighting wanne the entrie of their camp The valiant Earle of Shre◅esbury and his sonne mānely slayne yet at length they compassed him about and shooting him through the thigh with an handgunnue slew his horse and finally killed hym lying on the ground whome they durst neuer looke in the face while he stoode on his feete It was said that after he perceyued there was no remedie but presente losse of the battell hee counselled his sonne the Lord Lisle to saue himselfe by flight sith the same could not redounde to any great reproch in him this being the firste iourney in which he had bin present Manye wordes hee vsed to perswade him to haue saued his life but nature so wrought in the sonne that neither desire of life nor feare of death coulde either cause him to shrinke or conneigh hymselfe out of the daunger and so there manfully ended his life with his said father There died also the Erles basterd sonne Hēry Talbot and Sir Edwarde Hull elect to the order of the garter and thirtie other menne of name and right valiant personages of the English nation The Lord Molines was taken prisoner with lx others The residue of the English people fled to Burdeaux and other places of whom in the flight were slayne aboue a thousand persons Thus at this battaile of Chatillon fought the xiij day of Iuly in this yere ended his life Iohn Lord Talbot and of his progenie the first Erle of Shrewsbury after that he with muche fame and moste victorie had valiantly made warre and serued his Prince and countrey by the space of .xxiiij. yeares in the parties of beyond the sea whose corps was left on grounde and after was founde by his frendes and conueyed to Whitchurch in Shropshire where it was enterred After thys discomfiture dyuers Lordes fledde to Burdeaux but the Earle of Candall the lordes of Montferrant of Rosayn and of Dangladas entred into the Castell of Chastillon whiche by y e space of ten days they defended but in the ende dispayring of all succours rendred the fortresse and came safe to Burdeaux After this the townes of Saint Million Liborne and all other whiche the Earle of Shrewesburie had conquered rendred themselues to the Frenchmen Burdeaux only except the whiche Citie beeing the last refuge of the Englishe people the French King in person besieged with all his puissance and in conclusion constreyned both the garnisons and inhabitants to yeelde Burdeaux yelded againe to the Frenche so that the Englishmen and Gascoignes myghte safely depart into England or to Calaice with all their substance and that the Lordes de Lesparre Duras and thirtie other should neuer vppon paine of death be founde within any of the French Kings dominions which Lord de Lesparre being after taken in Gascoigne disguised was made shorter by the head When this composition was agreed and sealed the Englishmen were shortly transported ouer into Englande in the moneth of October this present yeare Thus was the Duchie of Aquitaine whyche had continued in the Englishe possession from the yeare of our Lorde .1155 vnto this presente yeare which is neere hands three hundred yeres by the mariage of Alienor daughter and heyre to William Duke of Aquitaine wife to Kyng Henry the second finally reduced and broughte againe to the Frenche obedience and seruitude Within that only Duchie be foure Archbyshops foure and twentie Bishops fifteene Erledomes two hundred and two Baronies and aboue a thousand Captaineshippes and Balifewikes whereby yee maye consider what a losse this was to the Realme of England The thirtenth day of October this yeare was the Q. deliuered at Westmin of a faire sonne which was christened The Queene deliuered of hir son Prince Edward and named Edward His mother susteyned not a little slander and obloquie of the common people who had an opinion that the King was not able to get a childe and therefore sticked not to say that thys was not hys sonne with manye slaunderous words greatly sounding to the Queenes dishonor which neede not heere to be rehearsed After the birth of this childe he highly aduanced his brethren on his mothers side for Edmōd he made Earle of Richmond which was father to King Henry the seuenth and Iasper he created Erle of Pembroke which died without issue When the warres were ended in forayne parties An. reg 32. ciuil dissention began againe to renne within the Realme beeing deuided into two seuerall factions 1454 for King Henry discended of the house of Lancaster clayming the Crowne from hys grandfather King Henry the fourth first author of this deuision and Richard Duke of Yorke as heire to Lyonell Duke of Clarence third sonne to King Edward the third wrestled for y e game and stroue for the wager by reason whereof the nobles as well as the common people were into partes deuided to the vtter destruction of many a man and to the great ruyne decay of this region for while the one partie studyed to destroy the other all care of the common wealth was set aside and iustice and equitie cleerely exiled The duke of Yorke imagineth the destructiō of the Duke of Somerset The Duke of Yorke aboue all things firste sought meanes how to prouoke the malice of the people against the Duke of Sommerset imagining y t he being made away his purpose should shortly come to a good conclusion He also practised to bring the King into the hatred of the people for that hee was
hym as then was supposed what the matters shoulde be And as for the tyme it was thought meete to bee as soone as possible myght bee agreed vpon And then after certaine dayes past it was signifyed by the sayde Archbishoppe that there was appoynted by suche of the Byshoppes to whome hee hadde imparted this matter eight persones that is to saye foure Byshoppes and foure Doctours who were content at the Queenes Maiesties commaundement to shewe theyr opinions and as he tearmed it render accounte of theyr fayth in those matters whiche were mentioned and that specially in wryting although he sayd they thought the same so determined as there was no cause to dispute vpon them It was herevppon fullye resolued by the Queenes Maiestie with the aduice aforesayde that according to theyr desyre it shoulde bee in wryting on both partes for auoyding of muche altercation in woordes and that the sayde Byshoppes shoulde bycause they were in authoritie of degree Superiours fyrste declare theyr myndes and opinions to the matter with theyr reasons in wryting and the other number beeing also eyght menne of good degree in Schooles and some hauing beene in dignitie in the Churche of Englande if they had any thing to say to the contrarie shoulde the same day declare theyr opinions in lyke manner And so eche of them shoulde delyuer theyr Wrytings to the other to be consydered what were to bee improoued therein and the same to declare agayne in wryting at some other conuenient daye and the lyke order to bee kept in all the rest of the matters all this was fully agreed vpon with the Archbishop of Yorke and so also signifyed to both partyes And immediately herevpon diuerse of the Nobilitie and States of the Realme vnderstanding that such a meeting and conference shoulde bee and that in certayne matters wherevpon the Courte of Parliament consequentlye following some lawes myght bee grounded they made earnest meanes to hir Maiestie that the partyes of thys conference myghte putte and reade theyr assertions in the Englishe tongue and that in the presence of them of the Nobilitie and others of the Parliament house for the better satisfaction and inhabling of theyr owne Iudgementes to treate and conclude of such lawes as myght depende herevpon Thys also beeing thought verie reasonable was signifyed to both partyes and so fully agreed vppon and the daye appoynted for the first meeting to bee the Fryday in the forenoone being the last of Marche at Westmynster Church where both for good order and for honour of the conference by the Queenes Maiesties commaundement the Lordes and others of the priuye Counsayle were present and a great part of the Nobilitie also and notwythstanding the former order appoynted and consented vnto by both partes yet the Bishoppe of Wynchester and his Colleges alleging they had mystaken that theyr assertions and reasons should be written and so onely recyted out of the Booke sayde theyr booke was not readie then written but they were readie to argue and dispute and therefore they woulde for that tyme repeate in speache that which they had to say to the fyrst proposition This variation from the order and specially from that whiche themselues had by the sayde Archbishoppe in wryting before requyred adding thereto the reason of the Apostle that to contende wyth wordes is profitable to nothing but to subuersion of the hearer seemed to the Queenes Maiesties Counsayle somewhat straunge and yet was it permytted wythoute any greate reprehension bycause they excused themselues with mistaking the order and agreed that they would not fayle but put it in writing according to the former order deliuer it to the other part and so the sayd Bishop of Wynchester and his Colleges appointed Doctor Cole Deane of Paules to be the vtterer of theyr myndes who partlye by speeche onely and partlye by reading of authorities written and at certayne tymes beeyng infourmed of hys Collegees what to saye made a declaration of theyr meanings and theyr reasons to theyr fyrst proposition which beeing ended they were asked by the priuie Counsaile if any of them had any more to be sayde and they sayde no. So as then the other parte was lycenced to shewe theyr myndes which they did according to the first order exhibiting all that whiche they mente to bee propounde in a Booke written which after a prayer and inuocation made most humbly to Almightie God for the enduing of them wyth hys holy spirite and a protestation also to stande to the Doctrine of the Catholike Church buylded vpon the Scriptures and the doctrine of the Prophetes and the Apostles was distinctly read by one Robert Horne Bachelour in Diuinitie late Deane of Duresme And the same beeing ended wyth some likelyhoode as it seemed that the same was muche allowable to the audience certaine of the Bishoppes began to saye contrarie to their former answere that they had nowe muche more to say to this matter wherein although they myght haue beene well reprehended for such manner of cauillation yet for auoyding of any mistaking of orders in thys colloquie or conference and for that they should vtter all that which they had to say It was both ordered and thus openlye agreed vppon of both partes in the full audience that vpon the Monday following the Bishops shoulde bring theyr myndes and reasons in wryting to the seconde assertion and the last also if they coulde and first reade the same and that done the other parte shoulde bring likewise theyrs to the same And being read eche of them shoulde deliuer to other the same wrytings And in the meane tyme the Bishops should put in writing not onely al that which Doctour Cole had that day vttered but all suche other matters as they anye otherwise coulde thinke of for the same and as soone as they might possible to sende the same booke touching that first assertion to the other part and they shoulde receyue of them that wryting which Maister Horne had there read that day and vpon Monday it shoulde be agreed what day they shoulde exhibite their aunswers touching the first proposition Thus both partes assented thereto and the assemblie quietly dismissed And therefore vpon Monday the like assembly beganne againe at the place and houre appoynted and there vpon what sinister or disordered meaning is not yet fully knowne though in some part it be vnderstanded the Bishop of Winchester and his Colleages and especially Lyncolne refused to exhibite or reade according to the former notorious order on Fryday that whiche they had prepared for the seconde assertion And therevppon by the Lorde keeper of the great Seale they being first gentlye and fauourably requyred to keepe the order appoynted and that taking no place bring secondly as it behoued pressed with more earnest request they neyther regarding the authoritie of that place nor theyr owne reputation nor the credite of the cause vtterly refused that to doe And finally being againe particularly euerie of them a parte distinctly by name requyred to vnderstande theyr
Valentinianus chased into Slauonie and put in daunger by Maximus 97.66 Valdoys certaine Dutchmen come ouer into Englande with strange opinions 400.3 Vauconuillers Castel besieged and taken by the Englishe page 1021. col 1. line 58 Vale Rial Abbey builded 793.17 b Valdoys their opinions whiche they defended 400.23 Vandosme towne taken by the Englishmen 432. line 46 Vane Raufe knyght committed to y e tower 1709.31 is hanged 1712.5 Vdall William Knyght counsellor to Prince Arthur 1456.53 Veduriones a kynde of Pi◅s 104.6 Verolanium a towne and where situate 64.22 Veuxin in Normādy wasted 385.32 Vernueill besieged by the French King taken and burnt 428.15 Vernueill besieged by the French King but not taken as some write 429. line 18 Verianianus and Dindimus two breethren slain by Constans 98.51 Vernon Warren Baron of Shipbroke 323.47 Veer Alberike Earle 372. line 69 Veer Alberike slayne in a tumult at London 377. line 103 Vernon towne and Castel taken by the frenchmen 385.51 Vernon and Newmerche restored to the Duke of Normandie 393.47 Vesie William an english Captaine 434.26 Vecta sonne to Woden 113.17 Vespasian sente into Britaine with an army 52.12 Vespasian repulsed from Sandwiche landeth at Totnes 52.27 Vespasian partner wyth Claudius in y e gouernement of Britaine 52 59 Venutius ruler of the Fugants marrieth Queene Cartimandua 58.70 Vellocatus married Qu. Cartimandua 58.82 Venutius becommeth enimie to the Romaines 58.86 Venutius kepeth his kingdome in despite of the Romaines 58.106 Verannius Lieutenant of Britaine 59.57 Verannius deiected of manifest ambition 59.62 Vere Iohn Earle of Oxforde sente against the counterfete Earle of Warwik 1430.1 at black heath field 1447.1 Lord Stewarde of Englande on the arraignemente of Edward Earle of Warwike 1454.32 Vernon and Maunt takē by the english page 1198 col 2. line 10 Verrine Captayn of Bollogne 1596.50 Vectius Volanus Lieutenant of Britain 66.46 Vespasian Emperoure of Rome 66.63 Vespasian Emperour dyeth 73.44 Robert Veer Erle of Oxford created Marquesse of Deuelin 1050.4 b Vernuel in Perche taken by the Duke of Lancaster 955 37. b Vepount Robert 595.71 Robert Veer created D. of Ireland 1054.20 a Verdict and what it signifyeth 304.6 Vertuous zeale of Alured to bring his people to an honest trade of life 218.8 Vernon Henrye Knighte 1450.15 Vere Henry Constable of Gisors 464.25 Vffines dominion or Vffines 126.92 William Vfford Earle of Suffolk dyeth 1038.47 a Roberte Vfforde created Earle of Suffolke 900.13 b Iohn Vfforde made Archbishop of Caunterburie 943.53 b. dyed ibidem Vffa beginner of y e kingdome of East angles 126.84 Vimer Kyng of Northwales subdued by king Adelstane 225.22 Vimer restored to hys kingdome acknowledgeth to holde it of Kyng Adelstane and his successors 225.25 Vigenius and Peredurus conspire against Elidurus 31.83 Vigenius and Peredurus raigne ioyntly as Kings in Britaine 31.100 Vision appeareth vnto K. Alured and his mother 214.14 Viniano Cardinal Popes Legate in Ireland 448. line 24 Vicount of Melune a French man lying sicke at London whereof hee died discouereth to certaine Englishe Barons the purpose of Lewes against them 603.39 Villages drowned and destroyed in Englande by rising of the Sea 251. line 40 Vikillus or Wisketell gouernoure of Northfolke 243.75 Vikillus leadeth an army against the Danes and is vanquished 245 35 Vigferd Bishop of Shirbourne slayne 204.66 Vilianous and shamefull abuses of the Romains towards Queene Voadicia others in Britaine 64.77 Vision seene by Richarde Archbishop of Caunterburie whereof he dyed 460.12 Vision of King Edward touching the state of this Realme after his death 279.100 Vices of sundry nations learned by the Englishmen 232.1 Viper a Saxon Captaine slayne 126.30 Sir Iohn de Viēne Captaine of Calais 938.28 a Vites or Iutes come ouer out of Germanie into Britaine 112.82 Vidues Robert 1463.1 Vision of Brightwold cōcerning the succession of the Crowne of England 267.91 Vitailes great plenty sēt into Fraunce to Henry the third 704.55 The Vicar of Thistleworth executed 1563.39 Vies builded 23.51 Vies Castell builded 371. line 70 Vlisses came into Britain 9.2 Vlfridus sonne to Penda succeedeth his father in the Kingdome of Mertia 167.35 Vlsus and Aulafus princes of Swedeners ouerthrowen by King Cnute 261.16 Vlfe Bishop of Lincolne departeth the Realme 274.35 Vlpius Marcellus sente Lieutenante into Britaine 76.92 Vlpius Marcellus his diligence moderation in sleepe and temperance in dyet 76.92 Vmfreyuille Odonet an English Captaine 434. line 27 Vnlearned men preferred 1117.20 a Vniuersitie of Oxforde founded 217.61 Vniuersitie of Cambridge more auntiente than of Oxford 217.61 Vnthankefull attemptes required with sorrowe 429.40 Vnlawful marriages forbidden and commaunded to be broken 149.34 Vnnaturalnesse of Leirs two eldest daughters towards him 20.12 Vniuersitie Colledge in Oxford founded 312.58 Vnwone Bishop of Ligor 199.15 Vniuersall murreyne of Cartaile through out al England 361.76 Vngust King of Pictes and Egberte King of Northumberlande receyue the Britains subiection 194.63 Vniuersitie of Cambrige founded 171.106 Vortiporus sonne to Aurelius Conanus created King of Britaine 139.57 and .140.65 Vortiporus vanquisheth the Saxons in battayle 141.3 Vortiporus dieth without issue 141.15 Volusenus sent ouer into Britaine to view it 35.6 Vortigernus committeth incest wyth hys owne daughter 122.39 Vortigernus deposed and his heardman made K. 122.52 Vortigernus and his Castell brent with fire from Heauen 122.65 Volusenus returneth out of Britaine with aunswere 35.63 Voadicia wife to Prasutagus abused and beaten by the Romain souldyers 60.80 Voadicia made generall of the Britishe armye againste the Romaines 61.47 Voadicias exhortation to hir Souldyers 61.68 Voadicias personage and attire 61.54 Voadicias prayer 63.33 Vortigernus a deepe dissembler 110.22 Vortigernus chosen king of Britaine 110.34 Vortigernus Earle or Duke of the Genisses 110.48 Vortigernus an amorous Knight of faire Ladyes 112.77 Vortigernus forsaketh his wife and marrieth Rowen 113.91 Vortigernus depriued of his Kingdome 114.46 Vortimer sonne to Vortigernus Crowned K. of Britaine 114.47 Vortimer giueth the Saxons sundry ouerthrows 115.73 Vortimer poysoned 116. line 32 Vortimer restoreth y e christian Religion decayed by the Saxons 117.41 Vortigernus restored to the Kingdome of Britaine 117.47 Vortigernus taken prisoner by Hengist 118.58 Vortigernus set at libertie 118.48 Vortigernus brent togyther wyth hys Castell with wild fire 122.32 Voadicia dyeth 65.35 Vortigerus looke Vortigernus Vortigernus a man of great authoritie among the Britaines 109.52 Vortigernus why he procured Constantius the Monke to bee made K. 109.60 Vortigernus ruleth y e lād of Britaine vnder Constantius at his pleasure 109.86 Vortigernus subtile dealing to get the peoples fauour 109.101 Voice of the people the voice of God 331.72 Vprore in London against the Venicians 1290. col ◅ line 10 Vebane consecrated Byshop of Glamorgan 347. line 14 Vrsula daughter to Dionothus Duke of Cornewall 95.97 Vrsula taken and slayne as she was sayling into little Britaine 95.106 Vrswike Christopher the Kings Chaplaine sente Ambassador into Frāce 1432.2 sent thither Ambassador again 1433.10 sente Ambassador into Naples 1440.30 kings Aulmonen iadem sente Ambassador vnto