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A59124 Atlas cælestis containing the systems and theoryes of the planets, the constellations of the starrs, and other phenomina's of the heavens, with neccesary tables relating thereto / collected by John Seller. Seller, John, fl. 1658-1698. 1677 (1677) Wing S2463; ESTC R12842 39,250 161

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Aquila 11″ 00‴ 11.0 1120 5.7 25 137 3 Algol 7″ 3‴ 7.3 260 3.2 ● 34 4 Propus 6″ 10‴ 6.10 216 2 9 10 26 5 Pleias 4″ ⅘‴ 4. ⅘ 92 2 7 10 18 6 Alcor 4″ 0‴ 4.0 64 2.25 100 9 But seeing the Astronomers of the Copernican opinion maintain the Magnitudes of the fixed Stars to be far greater than the former Table shews them to be it will not be amiss to annex this following Table 5. Table shewing the true magnitude of the fixed Stars that is one of the greatest and one of the least viz. Sirias and Alcor supposing the apparent Diameter of Sirius to be 18″ of Alcor 4″ according to the distance in the Copernican Hypothesis maintaining the Paraliax made by the Earths motion not to exceed 10″ and imagining the Diameter of the Annual Orb to be such as upon these Principles it is stated to be according to Kepler The distances to be asserted in Semidiameters of the Earth The true Magnitude of Sirius The true Diameter of Alcor The Diam of Sirius contains Diam of the Earth The Body of Sirius contains the Earths Body The Diam of Alcor contains Diam of the Earth It s Body contains the Earths Body 142.746.428 12550 1967656731000 6000 216000000000 These Magnitudes may seem by some to be exorbitant but in the opinion of the Judicious do appear to be rational Of the place and distance of the Stars from the Earth or rather the Sun seems to be a question of that difficulty that Pliny pronounced the investigation thereof to be no less than a piece of madness Therefore Riccolus treating upon this subject thought fit in the Front of his Discourse to prefix this Theorem as a most certain truth Parallaxis distantia fixarum non potest certa evidenta observatione humanitus comprehends For it is not known whether the Stars are all in the same Spherical Superficies equally distant from the Center of the World or whether they are placed at unequal distances some higher and some lower This latter was the sentiment of the Ancient Stoical Philosophers who conceived the difference of their lustre and apparent Magnitudes to proceed from their diversity of scituation as more or less removed from our sight Of this opinion was Manilius long since declated speaking of some Stars in Orion appearing more obscure than the rest He gives the reason of that Phenomenon to be Non quod clara minus sed quod magis alta recedunt This Hypothesis so seemingly rational that the famous Tycho Gallileo and Kepler have readily imbraced the same and therefore it may reasonably be supposed that their distances are as divers as those of the Planets Ricciolus reckons up five manner of ways of attaining in some probability the knowledge of their immense distances according to his computation the least distance that may be assigned is found to amount to 210000 Semidiameters of the Earth the greatest being altogether uncertain by reason the crassitude or profundity of their Heaven is not to be determined The Horizontal Parallax of the fixed Stars according to their least distances is but 1″ The distance of the fixed Stars asserted by the Copernicans Authors Semidiameters of the Earth The greatest Parallax of the fixed Stars made from the Annual motion of the Earth The half from the Semidiameter The whole from the Diameter of the Annual Orb Copernicus Indefinite ** ** Gallileus 13.046.400 0′ 20″ 0′ 40″ The distance of the fixed Stars supposing the Earths Annual motion and Copernicans distance of the Earth from the Sun according to the calculations of Tycho and Maginus 7850,000 Semidiamiters of the Earth and the total Parallax of the fixed Stars 1′ 00″ The distance of the fixed Stars from the Earth supposing the Earths motion and the greatest Parallax of the fixed Stars to be 10″ The distance of the Stars from the Earth in Semidiameters of the Earth according to Copernicus is 47.439.800 and the distance of the Sun from the Earth is 1150 Semidiameters of the Earth Of the proper motion of the fixed Stars THe motion of the fixed Stars is twofold First Their Circumrotation about their own Centers termed Motus Vertigenis in which they are carried about with extraordinary celerity whence the reason in part is the cause of their Scintillation The second is Their motion of Revolution from West to East in which they are observed to move but very slowly Touching this it will not be amiss to insert the three following Conclusions of Ricciolus in his Astronom Reformat pag. 259 quoted by Esquire Sherborn in the Sphere of Manilius 1. That the motion of the fixed Stars is equal and uniform 2. That their Annual motion is not less than 49″ not greater than 51″ 3. That it seems most probable that their Annual motion is 50′ 40″ From the supposition of their Annual motion of 50′ 40″ it follows that they compleat not one Degree in the Ecliptick sooner than in 71 Years and 16 104 or 19 Days and 12 Hours in a manner but the whole Circle of 360 Degrees they run not through in less than 25579 Sidereal Years which is the Annus Magnus Platonicus though by the Ancients computed to extend to no less than 36000 Years But this will be clearly manifested by this following Table A Table of the motion of the fixed Stars in Longitude Years ′ ″ ‴ 1 0 50 40 10 8 26 40 20 16 53 20 30 25 20 00 40 33 46 40 50 42 13 20 60 50 40 00   Gr. ′ ″ ‴ 70 0 59 06 40 80 1 07 33 20 90 1 16 00 00 100 1 24 26 40 1000 14 04 26 40 10000 140 44 26 40 25000 360 00 00 00 Of the two Hemispheres of the Heavens THe one shews the Constellations of the Northern and the other of the Southern Hemispheres of the Heavens Wherein may be seen the right Ascension and Declination of any of the Stars in either Hemisphere by which any Star may be easily found and the way or course of a new Star or Comet may be traced in its way or Orbit with several other uses c. The names of each Constellation and the number of the Stars in each of them that are observed by the bare Eye without the help of a Telescope according to Bayerus and others The Northern Signs of the Zodiack 1 Aries 29 2 Taurus 48 3 Gemini 31 4 Cancer 35 5 Leo 43 6 Virgo 42 The Southern Signs of the Zodiack 7 Libra 15 8 Scorpio 29 9 Sagittarius 31 10 Capricornus 29 11 Aquarius 41 12 Pisces 37 A Mapp of the two HEMISPHERES of the Heavens ARIES TAURUS GEMINI CANCER LEO. VIRGO Pisces Cancer Leo Virgo Bootes Androm Aquarius Libra Corvuis Crater Hydra Cetus Phaenix LIBRA SCORPIO SAGITTAR CAPRICO AQUARI PISCES ♂ ♀ ☿ ♃ ♄ ♄ ♃ ♀ ♂ ♀ The Northern Constellations 1 Ursa minor 8 2 Ursa major 32 3 Draco 33 4 Cepheus 17 5 Bootes 34 6 Corona 20 7 Hercules 48 8 Lyra